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Field Listing

Political parties and leaders

This entry includes a listing of significant political parties, coalitions, and electoral lists as of each country's last legislative election, unless otherwise noted.

  • Afghanistan

    note - the Ministry of Justice licensed 72 political parties as of April 2019 

  • Albania

    Alliance for Change (electoral coalition led by PD)
    Democratic Party or PD [Lulzim BASHA]
    Party for Justice, Integration and Unity or PDIU [Shpetim IDRIZI] (part of the Alliance for Change; formerly part of APMI)
    Social Democratic Party or PSD [Tom DOSHI]
    Socialist Movement for Integration or LSI [Monika KRYEMADHI]
    Socialist Party or PS [Edi RAMA]

  • Algeria

    Algerian National Front or FNA [Moussa TOUATI]
    Algerian Popular Movement or MPA [Amara BENYOUNES]
    Algerian Rally or RA [Ali ZAGHDOUD]
    Algeria's Hope Rally or TAJ [Amar GHOUL]
    Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Hamid FERHI]
    Dignity or El Karama [Aymene HARKATI]
    Ennour El Djazairi Party (Algerian Radiance Party) or PED [Badreddine BELBAZ]
    Front for Justice and Development or El Adala [Abdallah DJABALLAH]
    Future Front or El Mostakbel [Abdelaziz BELAID]
    Islamic Renaissance Movement or Ennahda Movement [Mohamed DOUIBI]
    Justice and Development Front or FJD [Abdellah DJABALLAH]
    Movement of National Construction (Harakat El-Binaa El-Watani) [Abdelkader BENGRINA]
    Movement of National Understanding or MEN
    Movement for National Reform or Islah [Filali GHOUINI]
    Movement of Society for Peace or MSP [Abderrazak MAKRI]
    National Democratic Rally (Rassemblement National Democratique) or RND [Ahmed OUYAHIA]
    National Front for Social Justice or FNJS [Khaled BOUNEDJEMA]
    National Liberation Front or FLN [Mohamed DJEMAI]
    National Party for Solidarity and Development or PNSD [Dalila YALAQUI]
    National Reform Movement or Islah [Djahid YOUNSI]
    National Republican Alliance or ANR [Belkacem SAHLI]
    New Dawn Party or PFJ [Tahar BENBAIBECHE]
    New Generation or Jil Jadid [Soufiane DJILALI]
    Oath of 1954 or Ahd 54 [Ali Fawzi REBAINE]
    Party of Justice and Liberty [Mohammed SAID]
    Rally for Culture and Democracy or RCD [Mohcine BELABBAS]
    Socialist Forces Front or FFS [Hakim BELAHCEL]
    Union for Change and Progress or UCP [Zoubida Assoul]
    Union of Democratic and Social Forces or UFDS [Noureddine BAHBOUH]
    Vanguard of Freedoms (Talaie El Houriat) [Ali BENFLIS]
    Youth Party or PJ [Hamana BOUCHARMA]
    Workers Party or PT [Louisa HANOUNE]

    note: a law banning political parties based on religion was enacted in March 1997

  • American Samoa

    Democratic Party [Fagafaga Daniel LANGKILDE, chairman]
    Republican Party [William SWORD, chairman]

  • Andorra

    Democrats for Andorra or DA [Xaviar ESPOT ZAMORA]
    Social Democratic Party or PS [Vicenc ALFY FERRER]
    Liberals of Andorra or L'A [Jordi GALLARDO FERNANDEZ]
    Third Way/Lauredian Union [Josep PINTAT FORNE]
    Social Democracy and Progress or SDP [Victor NAUDI ZAMORA]
    United for the Progress of Andorra or UPA [Alfons CLAVERA ARIZTI]

    note: Andorra has several smaller parties at the parish level (one is Lauredian Union)

  • Angola

    Broad Convergence for the Salvation of Angola Electoral Coalition or CASA-CE [Andre Mendes de CARVALHO]
    National Front for the Liberation of Angola or FNLA; note - party has two factions; one led by Lucas NGONDA; the other by Ngola KABANGU
    National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Isaias SAMAKUVA] (largest opposition party)
    Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA [Joao LOURENCO]; note - Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS stepped down 8 Sept 2018 ruling party in power since 1975
    Social Renewal Party or PRS [Benedito DANIEL]

  • Anguilla

    Anguilla Democratic Party or ADP
    Anguilla National Alliance or ANA
    Anguilla Progressive Movement or APM [Dr. Ellis WEBSTER]; prior to 2019, it was known as the Anguilla United Movement or AUM
    Anguilla United Front or AUF [Victor BANKS] (alliance includes ADP, ANA)
    Democracy, Opportunity, Vision, and Empowerment Party or DOVE [Sutcliffe HODGE]

  • Antigua and Barbuda

    Antigua Caribbean Liberation Movement or ACLM
    Antigua Labor Party or ABLP [Gaston BROWNE]
    Antigua Barbuda True Labor Party or ABTLP [Sharlene SAMUEL]
    Barbuda People's Movement or BPM [Trevor WALKER]
    Barbuda People's Movement for Change [Arthur NIBBS]
    Barbudans for a Better Barbuda [Ordrick SAMUEL]
    Democratic National Alliance or DNA [Joanne MASSIAH]
    Go Green for Life [Owen GEORGE]
    Progressive Labor Movement or PLM
    United National Democratic Party or UNDP
    United Progressive Party or UPP [Harold LOVELL] (a coalition of ACLM, PLM, UNDP)

  • Argentina

    Avanza Libertad or AL [Jose Luis ESPERT]
    Civic Coalition ARI or CC-ARI [Elisa CARRIO]
    Federal Consensus or CF [Roberto LAVAGNA, Juan Manuel URTUBEY]
    Frente Civico por Santiago (Civic Front for Santiago) [Gerardo ZAMORA]
    Frente de Izquierda (Workers' Left Front) or FIT-U (coalition of leftist parties in lower house) - (includes PTS, PO, and MST)
    Frente de la Concordia Misionero (Front for the Renewal of Social Concord) or FRCS [Carlos Eduardo ROVIRA]
    Frente de Todos (Everyone's Front) or FdT - (includes FR, La Campora, and PJ); note - ruling coalition since 2019; includes several national and provincial Peronist political parties
    Generacion por un Encuentro Nacional (Generation for a National Encounter) or GEN [Margarita STOLBIZER]
    Frente Renovador (Renewal Front) or FR [Sergio MASSA]
    Hacemos por Cordoba (We do for Cordoba) or HC [Juan SCHIARETTI]
    Juntos por el Cambio (Together for Change) or JxC - (includes CC-ARI, PRO, and UCR); note - primary opposition coalition since 2019
    Juntos Somos Rio Negro (Together We Are Rio Negro) or JSRN   
    Justicialist Party or PJ [Alberto Angel FERNANDEZ]
    La Campora [Maximo KIRCHNER]
    La Libertad Avanza or LLA [Javier MILEI]
    Movimiento Popular Neuquino (Neuquen People's Movement) or MPN [Omar GUTIERREZ]
    Partido Socialista or PS [Rosario Monica FEIN]
    Propuesta Republicana or PRO [Patricia BULLRICH]
    Radical Civic Union or UCR [Alfredo CORNEJO]
    Socialist Workers' Party or PTS [Nicolas DEL CANO]
    Unidad Federal (coalition of provencial parties in the lower house) - (includes FRCS and JSRN)
    Workers' Party or PO [Gabriel SOLANO]
    Workers' Socialist Movement or MST [Alejandro BODART]
    Vamos con Vos (Let's Go with You) or VcV [Florencio RANDAZZO]

  • Armenia

    twenty-five political parties or alliances competed in the June 2021 election; the top three parties or alliances that entered parliament garnered 80% of the vote; the below parties received 1% or more of the vote:
    5165 National Conservative Movement Party [Karin TONOYAN]
    Alliance of Democrats [Arman BABAJANYAN]
    Armenia Alliance or HD (alliance of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation and the Reborn Armenia Party) [Robert KOCHARYAN]
    Armenian National Congress or ANC (bloc of independent and opposition parties) [Levon TER-PETROSSIAN]
    Bright Armenia [Edmon MARUKYAN]
    Civil Contract or KP [Nikol PASHINYAN]
    Homeland Party [Artur VANETSYAN]
    Homeland of Armenians [Artak GALSTYAN]
    I Have Honor Alliance (alliance of the RPA and the Homeland Party, co-led by the two allied parties' leaders)
    Liberal Party [Samvel BABAYAN]
    National Democratic Party [Vahe GASPARYAN]
    Prosperous Armenia or BHK [Gagik TSARUKYAN]
    Republic Party [Aram SARGSYAN]
    Republican Party of Armenia or RPA [Serzh SARGSIAN]

  • Aruba

    Accion21 [Miguel MANSUR]
    Aruban People's Party or AVP [Michiel "Mike" EMAN]
    Democratic Electoral Network or RED [L.R. CROES]
    Movimiento Aruba Soberano or MAS [Marisol LOPEZ-TROMP]
    People's Electoral Movement Party or MEP [Evelyn WEVER-CROES]
    Pueblo Orguyoso y Respeta or POR [O.E. ODUBER]
    RAIZ (ROOTS) [Ursell ARENDS]
    Real Democracy or PDR [Andin BIKKER]

  • Australia

    Australian Greens Party [Adam BANDT]
    Australian Labor Party or ALP [Anthony ALBANESE]
    Country Liberal Party or CLP [Gary HIGGINS]
    Liberal National Party of Queensland or LNP [Deborah FRECKLINGTON]
    Liberal Party of Australia [Scott MORRISON]
    The Nationals [Michael MCCORMACK]
    Centre Alliance [Nick XENOPHON]
    Pauline Hanson’s One Nation [Pauline HANSON]

  • Austria

    Austrian People's Party or OeVP [Karl NEHAMMER]
    Communist Party of Austria or KPOe [Mirko MESSNER]
    Freedom Party of Austria or FPOe [Herbert KICKI]
    The Greens [Werner KOGLER]
    NEOS - The New Austria [Beate MEINL-REISINGER]
    Social Democratic Party of Austria or SPOe [Pamela RENDI-WAGNER]

  • Azerbaijan

    Azerbaijan Democratic Enlightenment Party or ADMP [Elshan MASAYEV]
    Civil Solidarity Party or CSP [Sabir RUSTAMKHANLI]
    Civic Unity Party or CUP [Sabir HAJIYEV]
    Great Order Party [Fazil MUSTAFA]
    Islamic Party of Azerbaijan [Mavsum SAMADOV]
    Musavat [Arif HAJILI]
    Popular Front Party [Ali KARIMLI]
    Motherland Party or AVP [Fazail AGAMALI]
    National Front Party [Razi NURULLAYEV]
    National Revival Movement Party [Faraj GULIYEV]
    Party for Democratic Reforms or PDR [Asim MOLLAZADE]
    Republican Alternative Party or REAL [Ilgar MAMMADOV]
    Social Democratic Party [Ayaz MUTALIBOV]
    Social Prosperity Party [Khanhusein KAZIMLI]
    Unity Party or VP [Tahir KARIMLI]
    Whole Azerbaijan Popular Front Party [Gudrat HASANGULIYEV]
    Yeni (New) Azerbaijan Party or YAP [President Ilham ALIYEV]

  • Bahamas, The

    Democratic National Alliance or DNA [Christopher MORTIMER, interim leader]
    Free National Movement or FNM [Hubert MINNIS]
    Progressive Liberal Party or PLP [Philip "Brave" DAVIS]

  • Bahrain

    note: political parties are prohibited, but political societies were legalized under a July 2005 law

  • Bangladesh

    Awami League or AL [Sheikh HASINA]
    Bangladesh Nationalist Front or BNF [Abdul Kalam AZADI]
    Bangladesh Nationalist Party or BNP [Khaleda ZIA]
    Bangladesh Tariqat Federation or BTF [Syed Nozibul Bashar MAIZBHANDARI]
    Jamaat-i-Islami Bangladesh or JIB (Makbul AHMAD)
    Jatiya Party or JP (Ershad faction) [Hussain Mohammad ERSHAD]
    Jatiya Party or JP (Manju faction) [Anwar Hossain MANJU]
    Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Oli AHMED]
    National Socialist Party or JSD [KHALEQUZZAMAN]
    Workers Party or WP [Rashed Khan MENON]

  • Barbados

    Bajan Free Party [Alex MITCHELL]
    Barbados Integrity Movement [Neil HOLDER]
    Barbados Labor Party or BLP [Mia MOTTLEY]
    Democratic Labor Party or DLP [Freundel STUART]
    People’s Democratic Congress [Mark ADAMSON]
    People's Empowerment Party or PEP [David COMISSIONG]
    Solutions Barbados [Grenville PHILLIPS II]
    United Progressive Party or UPP [Lynette EASTMOND]

  • Belarus

    pro-government parties:
    Belarusian Agrarian Party or AP [Mikhail RUSY]
    Belarusian Patriotic Party [Mikalay ULAKHOVICH]
    Belarusian Social Sport Party [Uladzimir ALEKSANDROVICH]
    Communist Party of Belarus or KPB [Alyaksey SOKOL]
    Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Aleh GAYDUKEVICH]
    Republican Party [Uladzimir BELAZOR]
    Republican Party of Labor and Justice [Alyaksandr STSYAPANAW]
    Social Democratic Party of Popular Accord [Syarhey YERMAK]
    opposition parties:
    Belarusian Christian Democracy Party [Paval SEVYARYNETS, Volha KAVALKOVA, Vital RYMASHEWSKI] (unregistered)
    Belarusian Party of the Green [Anastasiya DOROFEYEVA]
    Belarusian Party of the Left "Just World" [Syarhey KALYAKIN]
    Belarusian Popular Front or BPF [Ryhor KASTUSYOW]
    Belarusian Social-Democratic Assembly [Syarhey CHERACHEN]
    Belarusian Social Democratic Party ("Assembly") or BSDPH [Ihar BARYSAW]
    Belarusian Social Democratic Party (People's Assembly) [Mikalay STATKEVICH] (unregistered)
    Christian Conservative Party or BPF [Zyanon PAZNYAK]
    United Civic Party or UCP [Mikalay KAZLOW]

  • Belgium

    Flemish parties:
    Christian Democratic and Flemish or CD&V [Joachim COENS]
    Flemish Liberals and Democrats or Open VLD [Egbert LACHAERT]
    Groen or Green [Meyrem ALMACI] (formerly AGALEV, Flemish Greens)
    New Flemish Alliance or N-VA [Bart DE WEVER]
    Forward [Conner ROUSSEAU] (formerly Social Progressive Alternative or SP.A)
    Vlaams Belang (Flemish Interest) or VB [Tom VAN GRIEKEN]
    Francophone parties:
    Ecolo (Francophone Greens) [Jean-Marc NOLLET, Rajae MAOUANE]
    Francophone Federalist Democrats or Defi [Francois DE SMET]
    Humanist and Democratic Center or CDH [Maxine PREVOT]
    People's Party or PP [Mischael MODRIKAMEN] (dissolved 18 June 2019)
    Reform Movement or MR [George-Louis BOUCHEZ]
    Socialist Party or PS [Paul MAGNETTE]
    Workers' Party or PTB [Peter MERTENS]
    other minor parties

  • Belize

    Belize Progressive Party or BPP [Patrick ROGERS] (formed in 2015 from a merger of the People's National Party, elements of the Vision Inspired by the People, and other smaller political groups)
    People's United Party or PUP [Johnny BRICENO]
    United Democratic Party or UDP [Dean Oliver BARROW]
    Vision Inspired by the People or VIP [Hubert ENRIQUEZ]

  • Benin

    Alliance for a Triumphant Benin or ABT [Abdoulaye BIO TCHANE]
    African Movement for Development and Progress or MADEP [Sefou FAGBOHOUN]
    Benin Renaissance or RB [Lehady SOGLO]
    Cowrie Force for an Emerging Benin or FCBE [Yayi BONI]
    Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Adrien HOUNGBEDJI]
    National Alliance for Development and Democracy or AND [Valentin Aditi HOUDE]
    New Consciousness Rally or NC [Pascal KOUPAKI]
    Patriotic Awakening or RP [Janvier YAHOUEDEOU]
    Social Democrat Party or PSD [Emmanuel GOLOU]
    Sun Alliance or AS [Sacca LAFIA]
    Union Makes the Nation or UN [Adrien HOUNGBEDJI] (includes PRD, MADEP)
    United Democratic Forces or FDU [Mathurin NAGO]

    note: approximately 20 additional minor parties

  • Bermuda

    Free Democratic Movement or FDM (Marc BEAN)
    One Bermuda Alliance or OBA (Craig CANNONIER)
    Progressive Labor Party or PLP [Edward D. BURT]

  • Bhutan

    Bhutan Kuen-Nyam Party or BKP
    Bhutan Peace and Prosperity Party (Druk Phuensum Tshogpa) or DPT [Pema GYAMTSHO] (Druk Chirwang Tshogpa or DCT merged with DPT in March 2018)
    People's Democratic Party or PDP [Tshering TOBGAY]
    United Party of Bhutan (Druk Nyamrup Tshogpa) or DNT [Lotay TSHERING]

  • Bolivia

    Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Jorge Fernando QUIROGA Ramirez]
    Community Citizen Alliance or ACC [Carlos Diego MESA Gisbert]
    Movement Toward Socialism or MAS [Juan Evo MORALES Ayma]
    National Unity or UN [Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana]
    Social Democrat Movement or MDS [Ruben COSTAS Aguilera]
    We Believe or Creemos [Luis Fernando CAMACHO Vaca]

    note: the Democrat Unity Coalition or UD [Samuel DORIA MEDINA Arana] was a coalition comprised of several of the largest opposition parties participating in the 2014 election, which included the Democrats (MDS), National Unity Front (UN), and Without Fear Movement

  • Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Alliance for a Better Future of BiH or SBB BiH [Fahrudin RADONCIC]
    Alliance of Independent Social Democrats or SNSD [Milorad DODIK]
    Alternative Party for Democratic Activity or A-SDA [Nermin OGRESEVIC] (merged with Independent Bosnian Herzegovinian List to form NES)
    Croat Peasants' Party or HSS [Mario KARAMATIC]
    Croatian Christian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HKDU [Ivan MUSA]
    Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HDU-BiH [Miro GRABOVAC-TITAN]
    Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or HDZ-BiH [Dragan COVIC]
    Croatian Democratic Union 1990 or HDZ-1990 [Ilija CVITANOVIC]
    Croatian Party of Rights dr. Ante Starcevic or HSP-AS Bih [Stanko PRIMORAC]
    Democratic Alliance or DEMOS [Nedeljko CUBRILOVIC]
    Democratic Front of DF [Zeljko KOMSIC]
    Democratic Peoples' Alliance or DNS [Nenad NESIC]
    Independent Bloc or NB [Senad SEPIC]
    Movement for Democratic Action or PDA [Mirsad KUKIC]
    People and Justice Party or NiP [elmedin KONAKOVIC]
    People's European Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina or NES [Nermin OGRESEVIC]
    Progressive Srpska or NS [Goran DORDIC]
    Our Party or NS/HC [Edin FORTO]
    Party for Democratic Action or SDA [Bakir IZETBEGOVIC]
    Party of Democratic Progress or PDP [Branislav BORENOVIC]
    People's Democratic Movement or NDP [Dragan CAVIC]
    Serb Democratic Party or SDS [Mirko SAROVIC]
    Serb Radical Party-Dr. Vojislav Seselj or SRS-VS [Vojislav SESELJ] (merged with PDP)
    Social Democratic Party or SDP [Nermin NIKSIC]
    Socialist Party or SP [Petar DOKIC]
    United Srpska or US [Nenad STEVANDIC]

  • Botswana

    Alliance of Progressives or AP [Ndaba GAOLATHE]
    Botswana Congress Party or BCP [Dumelang SALESHANDO]
    Botswana Democratic Party or BDP [Mokgweetsi MASISI]
    Botswana Movement for Democracy or BMD [Sidney PILANE]
    Botswana National Front or BNF [Duma BOKO]
    Botswana Patriotic Front or BPF [Biggie BUTALE]
    Botswana Peoples Party or BPP [Motlatsi MOLAPISI]
    Real Alternative Party or RAP [Gaontebale MOKGOSI]
    Umbrella for Democratic Change or UDC [Duma BOKO] (various times the collation has included the BMD, BPP, BCP and BNF) (2019)

  • Brazil

    Avante [Luis TIBE] (formerly Labor Party of Brazil or PTdoB) 
    Brazilian Communist Party or PCB [Ivan Martins PINHEIRO]
    Brazilian Democratic Movement Party or PMDB [Michel TEMER]
    Brazilian Labor Party or PTB [Cristiane BRASIL]
    Brazilian Renewal Labor Party or PRTB [Jose Levy FIDELIX da Cruz]
    Brazilian Republican Party or PRB [Marcos Antonio PEREIRA]
    Brazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB [Tasso JEREISSATI]
    Brazilian Socialist Party or PSB [Carlos Roberto SIQUEIRA de Barros]
    Christian Democracy or DC [Jose Maria EYMAEL] (formerly Christian Social Democratic Party or PSDC)
    Christian Labor Party or PTC [Daniel TOURINHO]
    Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Jose Renato RABELO]
    Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Carlos Roberto LUPI]
    The Democrats or DEM [Jose AGRIPINO] (formerly Liberal Front Party or PFL)
    Free Homeland Party or PPL [Sergio RUBENS]
    Green Party or PV [Jose Luiz PENNA]
    Humanist Party of Solidarity or PHS [Eduardo MACHADO]
    National Mobilization Party or PMN [Telma RIBEIRO dos Santos]
    New Party or NOVO [Moises JARDIM]
    Party of the Republic or PR [Alfredo NASCIMENTO]
    Patriota [Adilson BARROSO Oliveira] (formerly National Ecologic Party or PEN)
    Podemos [Renata ABREU] (formerly National Labor Party or PTN) 
    Popular Socialist Party or PPS [Roberto Joao Pereira FREIRE]
    Progressive Party or PP [Ciro NOGUEIRA]
    Progressive Republican Party or PRP [Ovasco Roma Altimari RESENDE]
    Republican Social Order Party or PROS [Euripedes JUNIOR]
    Social Christian Party or PSC [Vitor Jorge Abdala NOSSEIS]
    Social Democratic Party or PSD [Guilherme CAMPOS]
    Social Liberal Party or PSL [Luciano Caldas BIVAR]
    Socialism and Freedom Party or PSOL [Luiz ARAUJO]
    Solidarity or SD [Paulo PEREIRA DA SILVA]
    Sustainability Network or REDE [Marina SILVA]
    United Socialist Workers' Party or PSTU [Jose Maria DE ALMEIDA]
    Workers' Cause Party or PCO [Rui Costa PIMENTA]
    Workers' Party or PT [Gleisi HOFFMAN]

  • British Virgin Islands

    National Democratic Party or NDP [Myron WALWYN]
    People's Empowerment Party or PEP [Alvin CHRISTOPHER]
    Progressive Virgin Islands Movement or PVIM [Ronnie SKELTON]
    Progressives United or PU [Julian FRASER]
    Virgin Islands Party or VIP [Andrew FAHIE]

  • Brunei

    National Development Party or NDP [YASSIN Affendi]

    note: Brunei National Solidarity Party or PPKB [Abdul LATIF bin Chuchu] and People's Awareness Party or PAKAR [Awang Haji MAIDIN bin Haji Ahmad] were deregistered in 2007; parties are small and have limited activity

  • Bulgaria

    Agrarian People's Union or ZNS [Roumen YONCHEV]
    Bulgarian Agrarian People’s Union [Nikolay NENCHEV]
    Bulgarian Socialist Party or BSP [Korneliya NINOVA] (alliance of BSP, PKT, New Dawn, Ecoglasnost)
    Bulgaria of the Citizens or DBG [Dimitar DELCHEV]]
    Citizens for the European Development of Bulgaria or GERB (alliance with SDS) [Boyko BORISOV]
    Democratic Bulgaria or DB (alliance of Yes! Bulgaria, DSB, and The Greens) [Atanas ATANASOV, Hristo IVANOV]
    Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria or DSB [Atanas ATANASOV]
    Ecoglasnost [Emil GEORGIEV]
    Green Movement or The Greens [Borislav SANDOV, Vladislav PENEV]
    Middle European Class or SEC [Georgi MANEV]
    Movement for Rights and Freedoms or DPS [Mustafa KARADAYI]
    Movement 21 or D21 [Tatyana DONCHEVA]
    New Dawn [Mincho MINCHEV]
    Political Club Thrace or PKT [Stefan NACHEZ]
    Political Movement "Social Democrats" or PDS  [Elena NONEVA]
    Revival [Kostadin KOSTADINOV]
    Stand Up.BG or IS.BG [Maya MONOLOVA]
    Stand Up.BG, We Are Coming! or IBG-NI (coalition of IS.BG, D21, DBG, ENP, ZNS, and Volt) [Maya MONOLOVA, Nikolay HADZHIGENOV]
    There is Such a People or ITN [SLAVI TRIFONOV]
    United People's Party or ENP [Valentina VASILEVA-FILADELFEVS]
    Union of Democratic Forces or SDS (alliance with GERB)[Rumen HRISTOV]
    Yes! Bulgaria [Hristo IVANOV]
    Volt Bulgaria or Volt [Nastimir ANANIEV]
    We Continue the Change of PP (electoral alliance of PP, PDS, SEC, and Volt) [Kiril PETKOV and Asen VASILEV]

  • Burkina Faso

    African Democratic Rally/Alliance for Democracy and Federation or ADF/RDA [Gilbert Noel OUEDRAOGO]
    African People’s Movement or MAP [Victorien TOUGOUMA]
    Congress for Democracy and Progress or CDP [Eddie KOMBOIGO]
    Le Faso Autrement [Ablasse OUEDRAOGO]
    New Alliance of the Faso or NAFA [Mahamoudou DICKO]
    New Time for Democracy or NTD [Vincent DABILGOU]
    Organization for Democracy and Work or ODT [Anatole BONKOUNGOU]
    Party for Development and Change or PDC [Aziz SEREME]
    Party for Democracy and Progress-Socialist Party or PDP-PS [Drabo TORO]
    Party for Democracy and Socialism/Metba or PDS/Metba [Philippe OUEDRAOGO]
    Party for National Renaissance or PAREN [Michel BERE]
    People's Movement for Progress or MPP [Simon COMPAORE]
    Rally for Democracy and Socialism or RDS [Francois OUEDRAOGO]
    Rally for the Development of Burkina or RDB [Celestin Saidou COMPAORE]
    Rally of Ecologists of Burkina Faso or RDEB [Adama SERE]
    Soleil d’Avenir [Abdoulaye SOMA]
    Union for a New Burkina or UBN [Diemdioda DICKO]
    Union for Progress and Change or UPC [Zephirin DIABRE]
    Union for Rebirth - Sankarist Party or UNIR-MS [Benewende Stanislas SANKARA]
    Union for the Republic or UPR [Toussaint Abel COULIBALY]
    Youth Alliance for the Republic and Independence or AJIR [Adama KANAZOE]

  • Burma

    All Mon Region Democracy Party or AMRDP
    Arakan National Party or ANP (formed from the 2013 merger of the Rakhine Nationalities Development Party and the Arakan League for Democracy)
    National Democratic Force or NDF [KHIN MAUNG SWE]
    National League for Democracy or NLD [AUNG SAN SUU KYI]
    Kayah State Democratic Party or KySDP
    National Unity Party or NUP [THAN TIN]
    Pa-O National Organization or PNO [AUNG KHAM HTI]
    People's Party [KO KO GYI]
    Shan Nationalities Democratic Party or SNDP [SAI AIK PAUNG]
    Shan Nationalities League for Democracy or SNLD [KHUN HTUN OO]
    Ta'ang National Party or TNP [AIK MONE]
    Union Solidarity and Development Party or USDP [THAN HTAY]
    Zomi Congress for Democracy or ZCD [PU CIN SIAN THANG]
    numerous smaller parties

  • Burundi

    Front for Democracy in Burundi-Nyakuri or FRODEBU-Nyakuri [Keffa NIBIZI]
    Front for Democracy in Burundi-Sahwanya or FRODEBU-Sahwanya [Pierre Claver NAHIMANA]
    National Congress for Liberty or CNL [Agathon RWASA]
    National Council for the Defense of Democracy - Front for the Defense of Democracy or CNDD-FDD [Evariste NDAYISHIMIYE]
    National Liberation Forces or FNL [Jacques BIGITIMANA]
    Union for National Progress (Union pour le Progress Nationale) or UPRONA [Abel GASHATSI]

  • Cabo Verde

    rz African Party for Independence of Cabo Verde or PAICV [Janira Hopffer ALMADA]
    Democratic and Independent Cabo Verdean Union or UCID [Antonio MONTEIRO]
    Democratic Christian Party or PDC [Manuel RODRIGUES]
    Democratic Renovation Party or PRD [Victor FIDALGO]
    Movement for Democracy or MPD [Ulisses CORREIA E SILVA]
    Party for Democratic Convergence or PCD [Dr. Eurico MONTEIRO]
    Party of Work and Solidarity or PTS [Anibal MEDINA]
    Social Democratic Party or PSD [Joao ALEM]

  • Cambodia

    Cambodian People's Party or CPP [HUN SEN]
    National United Front for Independent, Neutral, Peaceful, and Cooperative Cambodia or FUNCINPEC [Prince NORODOM CHAKRAVUTH]
    League for Democracy Party or LDP [KHEM Veasna]
    Khmer Will Party [KONG MONIKA]
    Khmer National Unity Party or KNUP [NHEK BUN CHHAY]
    Cambodia National Rescue Party or CNRP [KHEM SOKHA] (dissolved by the Cambodian Supreme Court in November 2017; formed from a 2012 merger of the Sam Rangsi Party or SRP and the former Human Rights Party or HRP [KHEM SOKHA, also spelled KEM SOKHA])
      (Dec 2021)

  • Cameroon

    Alliance for Democracy and Development
    Cameroon People's Democratic Movement or CPDM [Paul BIYA]
    Cameroon People's Party or CPP [Edith Kah WALLA]
    Cameroon Renaissance Movement or MRC [Maurice KAMTO]
    Cameroonian Democratic Union or UDC [Adamou Ndam NJOYA]
    Cameroonian Party for National Reconciliation or PCRN [Cabral LIBII]
    Front for the National Salvation of Cameroon or FSNC [Issa Tchiroma BAKARY]
    Movement for the Defense of the Republic or MDR [Dakole DAISSALA]
    Movement for the Liberation and Development of Cameroon or MLDC [Marcel YONDO]
    National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Maigari BELLO BOUBA]
    Progressive Movement or MP [Jean-Jacques EKINDI]
    Social Democratic Front or SDF [John FRU NDI]
    Union of Peoples of Cameroon or UPC [Provisionary Management Bureau]
    Union of Socialist Movements

  • Canada

    Bloc Quebecois [Yves-Francois BLANCHET]
    Conservative Party of Canada or CPC [Erin O'TOOLE]
    Green Party [vacant]
    Liberal Party [Justin TRUDEAU]
    New Democratic Party or NDP [Jagmeet SINGH]
    People's Party of Canada [Maxime BERNIER]

  • Cayman Islands

    People's Progressive Movement or PPM [Alden MCLAUGHLIN]
    Cayman Democratic Party or CDP [McKeeva BUSH]

  • Central African Republic

    Action Party for Development or PAD [El Hadj Laurent NGON-BABA]
    Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP [Clement BELIBANGA]
    Central African Democratic Rally or RDC [Desire Nzanga KOLINGBA]
    Movement for Democracy and Development or MDD [Louis PAPENIAH]
    Movement for the Liberation of the Central African People or MLPC [Martin ZIGUELE]
    National Convergence (also known as Kwa Na Kwa) or KNK [Francois BOZIZE]
    National Union for Democracy and Progress or UNDP [Amine MICHEL]
    New Alliance for Progress or NAP [Jean-Jacques DEMAFOUTH]
    Social Democratic Party or PSD [Enoch LAKOUE]
    Union for Central African Renewal or URCA [Anicet-Georges DOLOGUELE]

  • Chad

    Chadian Convention for Peace and Development or CTPD [Laoukein Kourayo MEDAR]
    Federation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarledjy YORONGAR]
    Framework of Popular Action for Solidarity and Unity of the Republic or CAP-SUR [Joseph Djimrangar DADNADJI]
    National Rally for Development and Progress or Viva-RNDP [Dr. Nouradine Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE]
    National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO]
    Party for Liberty and Development or PLD [Ahmat ALHABO]
    Party for Unity and Reconciliation
    Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Idriss DEBY]
    Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Mahamat Allahou TAHER]RNDT/Le Reveil [Albert Pahimi PADACKE]
    Social Democratic Party for a Change-over of Power or PDSA [Malloum YOBODA]
    Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Felix Romadoumngar NIALBE]

  • Chile

    Approve Dignity or AD [Gabriel BORIC]
    Broad Front Coalition (Frente Amplio) or FA (includes RD, PL, PH, PEV, Igualdad, and Poder) [Beatriz SANCHEZ]
    Broad Social Movement of Leftist Citizens (includes former MAS and Izquierda Ciudadana) [Fernando ZAMORANO]
    Chile We Can Do More or ChP+ [Sebastian SICHEL] (includes EVOPOLI, PRI, RN, UDI)
    Christian Conservative Party or PCC [Antaris VARELA]
    Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Yasna PROVOSTE]
    Christian Social Front or FSC [Jose Antonio KAST] (includes PCC, PLR)
    Citizen Power (Poder) [Karina OLIVA]
    Citizens or CIU [María Ignacia GOMEZ Martinez]
    Commons (Comunes) [Javiera TORO]
    Communist Party of Chile or PCCh [Guillermo TEILLIER del Valle]
    Democratic Revolution or RD [Rodrigo ECHECOPAR]
    Dignity Now or DA [Pamela JILES Moreno and Guillermo GONZALEZ Castro]
    Equality Party (Igualdad) [Guillermo GONZALEZ Castro]
    Green Ecological Party or PEV [Felix GONZALEZ]
    Humanist Party or PH [Octavio GONZALEZ]
    Independent Democratic Union or UDI [Javier MACAYA]
    Independent Regionalist Democratic Party or PRI [Hugo ORTIZ de Filippi]
    Liberal Party (Partido Liberal de Chile) or PL [Luis Felipe RAMOS]
    National Renewal or RN [Mario DESBORDES]
    New Social Pact or NPS [Yasna PROVOSTE] (includes PDC, PL, PPD, PRSD, PS)
    Party for Democracy or PPD [Heraldo MUNOZ]
    Party of the People or PDG [Franco PARISI]
    Political Evolution or EVOPOLI [Hernan LARRAIN MATTE]
    Progressive Party or PRO [Marco Antonio ENRIQUEZ-OMINAMI Gumucio]
    Radical Social Democratic Party or PRSD [Carlos MALDONADO Curti]
    Republican Party or PLR [Jose Antonio KAST]
    Social Convergence or CS [Gabriel BORIC]
    Social Green Regionalist Federation or FREVS [Jaime Francisco MULET Martínez]
    Socialist Party or PS [Alvaro Antonio ELIZALDE Soto]
    United Independents or IU [Cristian Alejandro CONTRERAS Radovic]

  • China

    Chinese Communist Party or CCP [XI Jinping]

    note: China has 8 nominally independent small parties controlled by the CCP

  • Christmas Island

    none

  • Cocos (Keeling) Islands

    none

  • Colombia

    Alternative Democratic Pole or PDA [Jorge Enrique ROBLEDO]
    Citizens Option (Opcion Ciudadana) or OC [Angel ALIRIO Moreno] (formerly known as the National Integration Party or PIN)
    Conservative Party or PC [Hernan ANDRADE]
    Democratic Center Party or CD [Alvaro URIBE Velez]
    Green Alliance [Claudia LOPEZ Hernandez]
    Humane Colombia [Gustavo PETRO]
    Liberal Party or PL [Cesar GAVIRIA]
    People's Alternative Revolutionary Force or FARC [Rodrigo LONDONO Echeverry]
    Radical Change or CR [Rodrigo LARA Restrepo]
    Social National Unity Party or U Party [Roy BARRERAS]

    note: Colombia has numerous smaller political movements

  • Comoros

    Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros or CRC [AZALI Assoumani]
    Democratic Rally of the Comoros or RDC [Mouigni BARAKA]
    Independent Party [N/A]
    Juwa Party or PJ [[Ahmed Abdallah SAMBI, Mahamoudou AHAMADA]
    Orange Party [Mohamed DAOUDOU]
    Party for the Comorian Agreement (Partie Pour l'Entente Commorienne) or PEC [Fahmi Said IBRAHIM]
    Rally for an Alternative of Harmonious and Integrated Development or RADHI [Mohamed AHMED]
    Rally with a Development Initiative for Enlightened Youth or RIDJA [Said LARIFOU]
    Union for the Development of the Comoros or UPDC [Mohamed HALIFA] (2018)

  • Congo, Democratic Republic of the

    Christian Democrat Party or PDC [Jose ENDUNDO]
    Congolese Rally for Democracy or RCD [Azarias RUBERWA]
    Convention of Christian Democrats or CDC
    Engagement for Citizenship and Development or ECiDe [Martin FAYULU]
    Forces of Renewal or FR [Mbusa NYAMWISI]
    Lamuka coalition [Martin FAYULU] (includes ECiDe, MLC, Together for Change, CNB, and, Nouvel Elan)
    Movement for the Liberation of the Congo or MLC [Jean-Pierre BEMBA]
    Nouvel Elan [Adolphe MUZITO]
    Our Congo or CNB ("Congo Na Biso") [Freddy MATUNGULU]
    People's Party for Reconstruction and Democracy or PPRD [Henri MOVA Sakanyi]
    Social Movement for Renewal or MSR [Pierre LUMBI]
    Together for Change (Ensemble") [Moise KATUMBI]
    Unified Lumumbist Party or PALU [Antoine GIZENGA]
    Union for the Congolese Nation or UNC [Vital KAMERHE]
    Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Felix TSHISEKEDI]

  • Congo, Republic of the

    Action Movement for Renewal or MAR [Roland BOUITI-VIAUDO]
    Citizen's Rally or RC [Claude Alphonse NSILOU]
    Congolese Labour Party or PCT [Denis SASSOU-NGUESSO]
    Congolese Movement for Democracy and Integral Development or MCDDI [Guy Price Parfait KOLELAS]
    Movement for Unity, Solidarity, and Work or MUST [Claudine MUNARI]
    Pan-African Union for Social Development or UPADS [Pascal Tsaty MABIALA]
    Party for the Unity of the Republic or PUR
    Patriotic Union for Democracy and Progress or UPDP [Auguste-Celestin GONGARD NKOUA]
    Prospects and Realities Club or CPR
    Rally for Democracy and Social Progress or RDPS [Bernard BATCHI]
    Rally of the Presidential Majority or RMP
    Republican and Liberal Party or PRL [Bonaventure MIZIDY]
    Union for the Republic or UR
    Union of Democratic Forces or UDF
    Union for Democracy and Republic or UDR
    many smaller parties

  • Cook Islands

    Cook Islands Party or CIP [Henry PUNA]
    Democratic Party or Demo [Tina BROWNE]
    One Cook Islands Movement [Teina BISHOP]

  • Costa Rica

    Accessibility Without Exclusion or PASE [Oscar Andres LOPEZ Arias]
    Broad Front (Frente Amplio) or PFA [Ana Patricia MORA Castellanos]
    Christian Democratic Alliance or ADC [Mario REDONDO Poveda]
    Citizen Action Party or PAC [Marta Eugenia SOLANO Arias]
    Costa Rican Renewal Party or PRC [Justo OROZCO Alvarez]
    Libertarian Movement Party or ML [Victor Danilo CUBERO Corrales]
    National Integration Party or PIN [Walter MUNOZ Cespedes]
    National Liberation Party or PLN [Jorge Julio PATTONI Saenz]
    National Restoration Party or PRN [Carlos Luis AVENDANO Calvo]
    New Generation or PNG [Sergio MENA]
    Patriotic Alliance [Jorge ARAYA Westover]
    Social Christian Republican Party or PRS [Dragos DOLANESCU Valenciano]
    Social Christian Unity Party or PUSC [Pedro MUNOZ Fonseca]

  • Cote d'Ivoire

    African Peoples' Party-Cote d'Ivoire or PPA-CI[Laurent GBAGBO]
    Pan-African Congress for People's Justice and Equalityor COJEP [Charles BLE GOUDE]
    Democratic Party of Cote d'Ivoire or PDCI [Henri Konan BEDIE]
    Ivorian Popular Front or FPI [former pres. [Pascal Affi N'GUESSAN]
    Liberty and Democracy for the Republic or LIDER [Mamadou KOULIBALY]
    Movement of the Future Forces or MFA [Innocent Augustin ANAKY KOBENA]
    Rally of Houphouetists for Democracy and Peace or RHDP [Alassane OUATTARA] 
    Rally of the Republicans or RDR [Henriette DIABATE]
    Union for Cote d'Ivoire or UPCI [Gnamien KONAN]
    Union for Democracy and Peace in Cote d'Ivoire or UDPCI [Albert Toikeusse MABRI]

  • Croatia

    Bloc for Croatia or BLOK [Zlatko HASANBEGOVIC]
    The Bridge or Most [Bozo PETROV] (formerly the Bridge of Independent Lists)
    Center or Centar [Ivica PULJAK] (formerly Pametno and Party with a First and Last Name or SSIP) 
    Civic Liberal Alliance or GLAS [Ankar Mrak TARITAS]
    Croatian Demochristian Party or HDS [Goran DODIG
    Croatian Democratic Alliance of Slavonia and Baranja or HDSSB [Branimir GLAVAS]
    Croatian Democratic Union or HDZ [Andrej PLENKOVIC]
    Croatian Democratic Union-led coalition (includes HSLS, HDS, HDSSB)
    Croatian Party of Pensioners or HSU [Veselko GABRICEVIC]
    Croatian Peasant Party or HSS [Kreso BELJAK]
    Croatian People's Party - Liberal Democrats or HNS-LD [Stjepan CURAJ]
    Croatian Social Liberal Party or HSLS [Dario HREBAK]
    Croatian Sovereignists or HS [Marijan PAVLICEK]
    Focus on the Important or Focus [Davor NADI]
    Green-Left coalition (includes MOZEMO!, RF, NL)
    Homeland Movement or DP [Ivan PENAVA]
    Independent Democratic Serb Party or SDSS [Milorad PUPOVAC]
    Istrian Democratic Assembly or IDS [Dalibor PAUS]
    New Left or NL [Ivana KEKIN]
    People's Party - Reformists or NS-R [Radimir CACIC]
    Restart Coalition (includes HSLS, HDS, HDSSB)
    Social Democratic Party of Croatia or SDP [Peda GRBIN]
    We Can! or Mozemo! [collective leadership]
    Workers' Front or RF [collective leadership]

  • Cuba

    Cuban Communist Party or PCC [Raul CASTRO Ruz]

  • Curacao

    Korsou di Nos Tur or KdnT [Amparo dos SANTOS]
    Korsou Esun Miho or KEM [Michelangelo MARTINES]
    Mayors for Liberec Region (Starostove pro Liberecky Kraj) or SLK [Martin PUTA]
    Movementu Futuro Korsou or MFK [Gerrit SCHOTTE]
    Movementu Progresivo or MP [Marylin MOSES]
    Movishon Antia Nobo or MAN [Hensley KOEIMAN]
    Partido Antia Restruktura or PAR [Eugene RHUGGENAATH]
    Partido Inovashon Nashonal or PIN [Suzanne CAMELIA-ROMER]
    Partido pa Adelanto I Inovashon Soshal or PAIS [Alex ROSARIA]
    Partido Nashonal di Pueblo or PNP [Humphrey DAVELAAR]
    Pueblo Soberano or PS
    Trabou pa Kòrsou or TPK [Rennox CALMES] 
    Un Korsou Hustu [Omayra LEEFLANG]

  • Cyprus

    area under government control:
    Citizens' Alliance or SP [Giorgos LILLIKAS]
    Democratic Front or DiPa [Marios GAROYIAN]
    Democratic Party or DIKO [Nikolas PAPADOPOULOS]
    Democratic Rally or DISY [Averof NEOPHYTOU]
    Movement of Ecologists - Citizens' Alliance [Charalambos THEOPEMPTOU]
    Movement of Social Democrats EDEK [Marinos SIZOPOULOS]
    National Popular Front or ELAM [Christos CHRISTOU]
    Progressive Party of the Working People or AKEL (Communist party) [Stefanos STEFANOU]
    Solidarity Movement [Eleni THEOCHAROUS]

    area administered by Turkish Cypriots:
    Communal Democracy Party or TDP [Cemal OZYIGIT]
    Communal Liberation Party-New Forces or TKP-YG [Mehmet CAKICI]
    Cyprus Socialist Party or KSP [Mehmet BIRINCI]
    Democratic Party or DP [Serdar DENKTAS]
    National Democratic Party or NDP [Buray BUSKUVUTCU]
    National Unity Party or UBP [Faiz SUCUOGLU]
    New Cyprus Party or YKP [Murat KANATLI]
    People's Party or HP [Kudret OZERSAY]
    Rebirth Party or YDP [Erhan ARIKLI]
    Republican Turkish Party or CTP [Tufan ERHURMAN]
    United Cyprus Party or BKP [Izzet IZCAN]

  • Czechia

    Christian Democratic Union-Czechoslovak People's Party or KDU-CSL [Marian JURECKA]
    Civic Democratic Party or ODS [Petr FIALA]
    Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia or KSCM [Katerina KONECNA]
    Czech Social Democratic Party or CSSD [Michal SMARDA]
    Freedom and Direct Democracy or SPD [Tomio OKAMURA]
    Free Bloc or VB [Jana VOLFOVA]
    Mayors and Independents or STAN [Vit RAKUSAN]
    Movement of Dissatisfied Citizens or ANO [Andrej BABIS]
    Oath or Prisaha [Robert SLACHTA]
    Pirate Party or Pirates [Ivan BARTOS]
    Tradition Responsibility Prosperity 09 or TOP 09 [Marketa PEKAROVA ADAMOVA]
    Tricolor Freedomites Freeholders or TSS [Zuzana MAJEROVA ZAHRADNIKOVA]

  • Denmark

    The Alternative AP (Franciska ROSENKILDE)
    Conservative People's Party or DKF or C [Soren PAPE POULSEN]
    Danish People's Party or DF or O [Kristian THULESEN DAHL]
    Liberal Alliance or LA or I [Alex VANOPSLAGH]
    Liberal Party (Venstre) or V [Jakob ELLEMANN-JENSEN]
    New Right Party or NB or D [Pernille VERMUND]
    Red-Green Alliance (Unity List) or EL [collective leadership, Mai VILLADSEN, spokesperson]
    Social Democrats or SDP or A [Mette FREDERIKSEN]
    Social Liberal Party or SLP or B [Sofie CARSTEN NIELSEN]
    Socialist People's Party or SF or F [Pia OLSEN DYHR]

  • Djibouti

    Center for United Democrats or CDU [Ahmed Mohamed YOUSSOUF, chairman]
    Democratic Renewal Party or PRD [Abdillahi HAMARITEH]
    Djibouti Development Party or PDD [Mohamed Daoud CHEHEM]
    Front for Restoration of Unity and Democracy (Front pour la Restauration de l'Unite Democratique) or FRUD [Ali Mohamed DAOUD]
    Movement for Democratic Renewal and Development [Daher Ahmed FARAH]
    Movement for Development and Liberty or MoDel [Ismail Ahmed WABERI]
    Movement for the Development and Balance of the Djiboutian Nation (Mouvement pour le Dévelopment et l'Équilibre de la Nation Djiboutienne) or MDEND [Zakaria Ismael FARAH]
    National Democratic Party or PND [Aden Robleh AWALEH]
    People's Rally for Progress or RPP [Ismail Omar GUELLEH] (governing party)
    Peoples Social Democratic Party or PPSD [Hasna Moumin BAHDON]
    Republican Alliance for Democracy or ARD [Aden Mohamed ABDOU, interim president]
    Union for a Presidential Majority or UMP (coalition includes RPP, FRUD, PND, PPSD)
    Union for Democracy and Justice or UDJ [Ilya Ismail GUEDI Hared]

  • Dominica

    Dominica Freedom Party or DFP [Judith PESTAINA]
    Dominica Labor Party or DLP [Roosevelt SKERRIT]
    Dominica United Workers Party or UWP [Lennox LINTON]

  • Dominican Republic

    Alliance for Democracy or APD
    Broad Front (Frente Amplio) [Fidel SANTANA]
    Country Alliance or AP [Guillermo Antonio MORENO Garcia]
    Dominican Liberation Party or PLD [Danilo MEDINA Sánchez]
    Dominican Revolutionary Party or PRD [Miguel VARGAS Maldonado]
    Dominicans For Change or DXC [Manuel OVIEDO Estrada]
    Institutional Social Democratic Bloc or BIS
    Liberal Reformist Party or PRL (formerly the Liberal Party of the Dominican Republic or PLRD)
    Modern Revolutionary Party or PRM [Jose Ignacio PALIZA]
    National Progressive Front or FNP [Vinicio CASTILLO, Pelegrin CASTILLO]
    People's Force or FP [Leonel FERNANDEZ Reyna]
    Social Christian Reformist Party or PRSC [Federico ANTUN]

  • Ecuador

    Alianza PAIS movement [Lenin Voltaire MORENO Garces]
    Avanza Party or AVANZA [Ramiro GONZALEZ]
    Central Democratic Movement or CD [Jimmy JAIRALA]
    Citizen Revolution Movement or MRC [Rafael CORREA]
    Creating Opportunities Movement or CREO [Guillermo LASSO]
    Democratic Left or ID
    Forward Ecuador Movement [Alvaro NOBOA]
    Fuerza Ecuador [Abdala BUCARAM] (successor to Roldosist Party)
    Honesty Alliance or MC-PSE (alliance including Concertation Movement or MC and Socialist Party of Ecuador or PSE)
    Pachakutik Plurinational Unity Movement or MUPP [Marlon Rene SANTI Gualinga]
    Patriotic Society Party or PSP [Gilmar GUTIERREZ Borbua]
    Popular Democracy Movement or MPD [Luis VILLACIS]
    Social Christian Party or PSC [Pascual DEL CIOPPO]
    Socialist Party [Patricio ZABRANO]
    Society United for More Action or SUMA [Mauricio RODAS]
    Union of Hope or UNES (coalition of left-leaning parties)

  • Egypt

    Al-Nour [Yunis MAKHYUN]
    Arab Democratic Nasserist Party [Dr. Mohamed ABDUL ELLA ]
    Congress Party [Omar Al-Mokhtar SEMIDA]
    Conservative Party [Akmal KOURTAM]
    Democratic Peace Party [Ahmed FADALY]
    Egyptian National Movement Party [Gen. Raouf EL SAYED]
    Egyptian Social Democratic Party [Farid ZAHRAN]
    El Ghad Party [Moussa Mostafa MOUSSA]
    El Serh El Masry el Hor [Tarek Ahmed Abbas NADIM]
    Freedom Party [Salah HASSABALAH]
    Free Egyptians Party [Essam KHALIL]
    Homeland’s Protector Party [Lt. Gen. (retired) Galal AL-HARIDI]
    Modern Egypt Party [Nabil DEIBIS]
    Nation's Future Party (Mostaqbal Watan) [Mohamed Ashraf RASHAD]
    My Homeland Egypt Party [Gen. Seif El Islam ABDEL BARY ]
    National Progressive Unionist (Tagammu) Party [Sayed Abdel AAL]
    Reform and Development Party [Mohamad Anwar al-SADAT]
    Republican People’s Party [Hazim AMR]
    Revolutionary Guards Party [Magdy EL-SHARIF]
    Wafd Party note - party chairman Bahaa ABU SHOKA resigned in late September 2020

  • El Salvador

    Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rodolfo Antonio PARKER Soto]
    Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Oscar ORTIZ]
    Great Alliance for National Unity or GANA [Nelson GUARDADO]
    National Coalition Party or PCN [Manuel RODRIGUEZ]
    Nationalist Republican Alliance or ARENA [Erick SALGUERO]
    New Ideas (Nuevas Ideas) or NI [Xavier Zablah BUKELE]
    Our Time (Nuestro Tiempo) or NT [Juan VALIENTE]
    Vamos or V [Josue ALVARADO Flores]

  • Equatorial Guinea

    Convergence Party for Social Democracy or CPDS [Andres ESONO ONDO]
    Democratic Party for Equatorial Guinea or PDGE [Teodoro Obiang NGUEMA MBASOGO]
    Electoral Coalition or EC
    Juntos Podemos (coalition includes CPDS, FDR, UDC)
    National Congress of Equatorial Guinea [Agustin MASOKO ABEGUE]
    National Democratic Party [Benedicto OBIANG MANGUE]
    National Union for Democracy [Thomas MBA MONABANG]
    Popular Action of Equatorial Guinea or APGE [Carmelo MBA BACALE]
    Popular Union or UP [Daniel MARTINEZ AYECABA]
    Center Right  Union or UCD [Avelino MOCACHE MEHENGA]
    not officially registered parties:
    Citizens for Innovation or CI [Gabriel Nse Obiang OBONO]
    Democratic Republican Force or FDR [Guillermo NGUEMA ELA]
    Party for Progress of Equatorial Guinea or PPGE [Severo MOTO]

  • Eritrea

    People's Front for Democracy and Justice or PFDJ [ISAIAS Afwerki] (the only party recognized by the government)

  • Estonia

    Center Party of Estonia (Keskerakond) or K [Juri RATAS]
    Estonia 200 [Kristina KALLAS]
    Estonian Conservative People's Party (Konservatiivne Rahvaerakond) or EKRE [Mart HELME]
    Estonian Reform Party (Reformierakond) or RE [Kaja KALLAS]
    Free Party or EV [Andres HERKEL]
    Pro Patria (Isamaa) [Helir-Valdor SEEDER]
    Social Democratic Party or SDE [Jevgeni OSSINOVSKI]

  • Eswatini

    political parties exist, but conditions for their operations, particularly in elections, are undefined, legally unclear, or culturally restricted; the following are considered political associations:
    African United Democratic Party or AUDP [Sibusiso DLAMINI]
    Ngwane National Liberatory Congress or NNLC [Sibongile MAZIBUKO]
    People's United Democratic Movement or PUDEMO [Mlungisi MAKHANYA]
    Swazi Democratic Party or SWADEPA [Vacant]

  • Ethiopia

    Afar National Democratic Party or ANDP [Taha AHMED]
    Argoba People Democratic Organization or APDO
    Benishangul Gumuz People's Democratic Unity Party or BGPDUP
    Ethiopian Federal Democratic Unity Forum or MEDREK or FORUM [Beyene PETROS] (includes ESD-SCUP, OFC, SLM, and UTDS)
    Ethiopia Citizens for Social Justice or ECSJ Party (formed in May 2019 from 7 other parties, including Patriotic Genbot 7, Ethiopian Democratic Party (EDP), All Ethiopian Democratic Party (AEDP), Semayawi Party, New Generation Party, Gambella Regional Movement (GRM), Unity for Democracy and Justice (UDJ) Party [Berhanu Negu])
    Prosperity Party or PP [ABIY Ahmed] (created in November 2019 from member parties of the former Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front or EPRDF, which included the Amhara National Democratic Movement (ANDM),  Oromo People's Democratic Organization (OPDO), Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement  (SEPDM), plus other ERPRF allies
    Ethiopian Social Democracy-Southern Coalition Unity Party or ESD-SCUP
    Gambella Peoples Unity Democratic Movement or GPUDM
    Harari National League or HNL [Murad ABDULHADI]
    Oromo Fderalist Congress or OFC
    Sidama Liberaton Movement or SLM
    Somali People's Democratic Party or SPDP
    Union of Tigraians for Democracy & Sovergnty or UTDS
    Tigray People's Liberation Front or TPLF [DEBRETSION Gebremichael] (note: de-registered by Ethiopian electoral board in Jan 2021)
    Tigray Independence Party [Girmay BERHE] (2020)

  • European Union

    European United Left-Nordic Green Left or GUE/NGL [Manon AUBRY and Martin SCHIRDEWAN]
    European Conservatives and Reformists or ECR [Raffaele FITTO and Ryszard LEGUTKO]
    European Greens/European Free Alliance or Greens/EFA [Ska KELLER, Philippe LAMBERTS]
    European People's Party or EPP [Manfred WEBER]
    Identity and Democracy Party or ID [Marco ZANNI]
    Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats or S&D [Iratxe PEREZ]
    Renew Europe - RE (successor to Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe or ALDE) [Stephane SEJOURNE]

  • Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

    none; all independents

  • Faroe Islands

    Center Party (Midflokkurin) [Jenis av RANA]
    People's Party (Folkaflokkurin) [Jorgen NICLASEN]
    Progress Party (Framsokn) [Poul MICHELSEN]
    Republic (Tjodveldi) [Hogni HOYDAL] (formerly the Republican Party)
    Self-Government Party (Sjalvstyri or Sjalvstyrisflokkurin) [Jogvan SKORHEIM]
    Social Democratic Party (Javnadarflokkurin) or JF [Aksel V. JOHANNESEN]
    Union Party (Sambandsflokkurin) [Bardur A STEIG NIELSEN]

  • Fiji

    FijiFirst [Veroqe "Frank" BAINIMARAMA]
    Fiji Labor Party or FLP [Mahendra CHAUDHRY]
    Fiji United Freedon Party or FUFP [Jagath KARUNARATNE]
    National Federation Party or NFP [Biman PRASAD] (primarily Indian)
    Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Lynda TABUYA]
    Social Democratic Liberal Party or SODELPA
    Unity Fiji [Adi QORO]

  • Finland

    Aland Coalition (a coalition of several political parties on the Aland Islands)
    Center Party or Kesk [Annika SAARIKKO]
    Christian Democrats or KD [Sari ESSAYAH]
    Finns Party or PS [Riikka PURRA]
    Green League or Vihr [Maria OHISALO]
    Left Alliance or Vas [Li ANDERSSON]
    National Coalition Party or Kok [Petteri ORPO]
    Social Democratic Party or SDP [Sanna MARIN]
    Swedish People's Party or RKP or SFP [Anna-Maja HENRIKSSON]

  • France

    Citizen and Republican Movement or MRC [Jean-Luc LAURENT]
    Debout la France or DLF [Nicolas DUPONT-AIGNAN]
    Democratic Movement or MoDem [Francois BAYROU]
    Europe Ecology - the Greens or EELV [Julien BAYOU]
    French Communist Party or PCF [Fabien ROUSSEL]
    Horizons [Edouard PHILIPPE]
    La France Insoumise or FI [Jean-Luc MELENCHON]
    La Republique en Marche! or LREM [Stanislas GUERINI]
    Movement of Progressives or MDP  Robert HUE]
    National Rally or RN [Marine LE PEN] (formerly National Front or FN)
    New Democrats [Aurelien TACHE, Emilie CARIOU] (formerly Ecology Democracy Solidarity or EDS)
    Radical Party of the Left or PRG [Guillaume LACROIX]
    Socialist Party or PS [Olivier FAURE]
    The Patriots or LP [Florian PHILIPPOT]
    The Republicans or LR [Christian JACOB]
    Union of Democrats and Independents or UDI [Jean-Christophe LAGARDE]

  • French Polynesia

    A Tia Porinetia [Teva ROHFRITSCH]
    Alliance for a New Democracy or ADN (includes The New Star [Philip SCHYLE], This Country is Yours [Nicole BOUTEAU])
    New Fatherland Party (Ai'a Api) [Emile VERNAUDON]
    Our Home alliance
    People's Servant Party (Tavini Huiraatira) [Oscar TEMARU]
    Popular Rally (Tahoeraa Huiraatira) [Gaston FLOSSE]
    Tapura Huiraatira [Edouard FRITICH]
    Tavini Huiraatira [James CHANCELOR]
    Union for Democracy alliance or UPD [Oscar TEMARU]

  • Gabon

    Circle of Liberal Reformers or CLR [Gen. Jean-Boniface ASSELE]
    Democratic and Republican Alliance or ADERE [DIDJOB Divungui di Ndinge]
    Gabonese Democratic Party or PDG [Ali BONGO Ondimba]
    Independent Center Party of Gabon or PGCI [Luccheri GAHILA]
    Legacy and Modernity Party or RH&M
    Rally for Gabon or RPG
    Restoration of Republican Values or RV
    Social Democratic Party or PSD [Pierre Claver MAGANGA-MOUSSAVOU]
    Social Democrats of Gabon
    The Democrats or LD
    Union for the New Republic or UPRN [Louis Gaston MAYILA]
    Union of Gabonese People or UPG [Richard MOULOMBA]
    Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Jean PING]

  • Gambia, The

    Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction or APRC [Fabakary JATTA]
    Coalition 2016 [collective leadership] (electoral coalition includes UDP, PDOIS, NRP, GMC, GDC, PPP, and GPDP)
    Gambia Democratic Congress or GDC [Mama KANDEH]
    Gambia Moral Congress or GMC [Mai FATTY]
    Gambia Party for Democracy and Progress or GPDP [Sarja JARJOU]
    National Convention Party or NCP [Yaya  SANYANG and Majanko SAMUSA (both claiming leadership)]
    National Democratic Action Movement or NDAM [Lamin Yaa JUARA]
    National People's Party or NPP [Adama BARROW]
    National Reconciliation Party or NRP [Hamat BAH]
    People's Democratic Organization for Independence and Socialism or PDOIS [Sidia JATTA]
    People's Progressive Party or PPP [Yaya CEESAY)]
    United Democratic Party or UDP [Ousainou DARBOE]

  • Georgia

    Alliance of Patriots [Irma INASHVILI]
    Citizens Party [Aleko ELISASHVILI]
    European Georgia-Movement for Liberty [Davit BAKRADZE]
    European Socialists [Fridon INJIA]
    For Georgia [Giorgi GAKHARIA]
    Georgian Dream-Democratic Georgia [Irakli KOBAKHIDZE]
    Girchi-More Freedom [Zurab JAPARIDZE]
    Labor Party [Shalva NATELASHVILI]
    Lelo for Georgia [Mamuka KHAZARADZE]
    New Political Centre-Girchi [Iago KHVICHIA]
    Republican Party [Khatuna SAMNIDZE]
    Strategy Aghmashenebeli [Giorgi VASHADZE]
    United National Movement or UNM [Nikanor "Nika" MELIA]

  • Germany

    Alliance '90/Greens [Annalena BAERBOCK and Robert HABECK]
    Alternative for Germany or AfD [Alexander GAULAND - Honorary Chairman, Joerg MEUTHEN and Tino CHRUPALLA]
    Christian Democratic Union or CDU [Armin LASCHET]
    Christian Social Union or CSU [Markus SOEDER]
    Free Democratic Party or FDP [Christian LINDNER]
    The Left or Die Linke [Janine WISSLER and Susanne HENNING-WELLSOW]
    Social Democratic Party or SPD [Saskia ESKEN and Norbert WALTER-BORJANS]

  • Ghana

    All Peoples Congress or APC [Hassan AYARIGA]
    Convention People's Party or CPP [Edmund N. DELLE]
    Ghana Freedom Party or GFP [Akua DONKOR]
    Ghana Union Movement or GUM [Christian Kwabena ANDREWS]
    Great Consolidated Popular Party or GCPP [Henry Herbert LARTEY]
    Liberal Party of Ghana or LPG [Kofi AKPALOO]
    National Democratic Congress or NDC [John Dramani MAHAMA]
    National Democratic Party or NDP [Nana Konadu Agyeman RAWLINGS]
    New Patriotic Party or NPP [Nana Addo Dankwa AKUFO-ADDO]
    People's Action Party or PAP [Imoru AYARNA]
    People's National Convention or PNC [Edward MAHAMA]
    Progressive People's Party or PPP [Paa Kwesi NDUOM]
    United Front Party or UFP [Dr. Nana A. BOATENG]
    United Progressive Party or UPP [Akwasi Addai ODIKE]

    note: Ghana has more than 20 registered parties; included are those which participated in the 2020 general election

  • Gibraltar

    Gibraltar Liberal Party or Liberal Party of Gibraltar or LPG [Joseph GARCIA]
    Gibraltar Social Democrats or GSD [Keith AZOPARDI]
    Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party or GSLP [Fabian PICARDO]
    GSLP-Liberal Alliance (includes GSLP and LPG)
    Together Gibraltar or TG [Marlene HASSAN-NAHON]

  • Greece

    Anticapitalist Left Cooperation for the Overthrow or ANTARSYA [collective leadership]
    Coalition of the Radical Left or SYRIZA [Alexios (Alexis) TSIPRAS]
    Communist Party of Greece or KKE [Dimitrios KOUTSOUMBAS]
    Democratic Left or DIMAR [Athanasios (Thanasis) THEOCHAROPOULOS]
    European Realistic Disobedience Front or MeRA25 [Ioannis (Yanis) VAROUFAKIS]
    Greek Solution [Kyriakos VELOPOULOS]
    Independent Greeks or ANEL [Panagiotis (Panos) KAMMENOS]
    Movement for Change or KINAL [Nikos ANDROULAKIS]
    New Democracy or ND [Kyriakos MITSOTAKIS]
    Popular Unity or LAE [Nikolaos CHOUNTIS]
    Union of Centrists or EK [Vasileios (Vasilis) LEVENTIS]

  • Greenland

    Democrats Party (Demokraatit) or D [Jens Frederik NIELSEN]
    Forward Party (Siumut) or S [Erik JENSEN]
    Inuit Community (Inuit Ataqatigiit) or IA [Mute Bourup EGEDE]
    Signpost Party (Partii Naleraq) or N [Hans ENOKSEN]
    Fellowship Party (Atassut) or A [Aqqalu JERIMIASSEN]

  • Grenada

    National Democratic Congress or NDC [Nazim BURKE]
    New National Party or NNP [Keith MITCHELL]

  • Guam

    Democratic Party [Joaquin "Kin" PEREZ]
    Republican Party [Jerry CRISOSTOMO]

  • Guatemala

    Bienestar Nacional or BIEN [Alfonso PORTILLO and Evelyn MORATAYA]
    Citizen Alliance or AC
    Citizen Prosperity or PC [Dami Anita Elizabeth KRISTENSON Sales]
    Commitment, Renewal, and Order or CREO [Roberto GONZALEZ Diaz-Duran]
    Convergence [Sandra MORAN]
    Encounter for Guatemala or EG [Nineth MONTENEGRO Cottom]
    Everyone Together for Guatemala or TODOS [Felipe ALEJOS]
    Force or FUERZA [Mauricio RADFORD]
    Guatemalan National Revolutionary Unity or URNG-MAIZ or URNG [Gregorio CHAY Laynez]
    Humanist Party of Guatemala or PHG [Edmond MULET]
    Movement for the Liberation of Peoples or MLP [Thelma CABRERA]
    Movimiento Semilla or SEMILLA [Thelma ALDANA]
    National Advancement Party or PAN [Harald JOHANNESSEN]
    National Convergence Front or FCN-NACION or FCN [Jimmy MORALES]
    National Unity for Hope or UNE [Sandra TORRES]
    Nationalist Change Union or UCN [Mario ESTRADA]
    Patriotic Party or PP
    PODEMOS [Jose Raul VIRGIL Arias]
    Political Movement Winaq or Winaq [Sonia GUTIERREZ Raguay]
    Reform Movement or MR
    Renewed Democratic Liberty or LIDER (dissolved mid-February 2016)
    TODOS [Felipe ALEJOS]
    Unionista Party or PU [Alvaro ARZU Escobar]
    Value or VALOR [Zury RIOS]
    Vamos por una Guatemala Diferente or VAMOS [Alejandro GIAMMATTEI]
    Victory or VICTORIA [Amilcar RIVERA]
    Vision with Values or VIVA [Armando Damian CASTILLO Alvarado]

    note: parties represented in the last election, but have since dissolved - FCN (2017), LIDER (2016), and PP (2017)

  • Guernsey

    none; all independents

  • Guinea

    Bloc Liberal or BL [Faya MILLIMONO]
    National Party for Hope and Development or PEDN [Lansana KOUYATE]
    Rally for the Guinean People or RPG [Vacant]
    Union for the Progress of Guinea or UPG
    Union of Democratic Forces of Guinea or UFDG [Cellou Dalein DIALLO]
    Union of Republican Forces or UFR [Sidya TOURE]

    Ruling party

    Opposition parties

  • Guinea-Bissau

    African Party for the Independence of Guinea-Bissau and Cabo Verde or PAIGC [Domingos SIMOES PEREIRA]
    Democratic Convergence Party or PCD [Vicente FERNANDES]
    Movement for Democratic Alternation Group of 15 or MADEM-G15 [Braima CAMARA]
    National People’s Assembly – Democratic Party of Guinea Bissau or APU-PDGB [Nuno Gomes NABIAM]
    New Democracy Party or PND [Mamadu Iaia DJALO]
    Party for Social Renewal or PRS [Alberto NAMBEIA]
    Republican Party for Independence and Development or PRID [Aristides GOMES]
    Union for Change or UM [Agnelo REGALA]

  • Guyana

    A New and United Guyana or ANUG [Ralph RAMKARRAN]
    A Partnership for National Unity or APNU [David A. GRANGER]
    Alliance for Change or AFC [Raphael TROTMAN]
    Justice for All Party [C.N. SHARMA]
    Liberty and Justice Party or LJP [Lenox SHUMAN]
    National Independent Party or NIP [Saphier Husain SUBEDAR]
    People's Progressive Party/Civic or PPP/C [Bharrat JAGDEO]
    The New Movement or TNM [joint leadership of several medical doctors]
    The United Force or TUF [Manzoor NADIR]
    United Republican Party or URP [Vishnu BANDHU]

  • Haiti

    Alternative League for Haitian Progress and Empowerment or LAPEH [Jude CELESTIN]
    Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MCNH [Luc MESADIEU]
    Christian National Movement for the Reconstruction of Haiti or UNCRH [Chavannes JEUNE]
    Convention for Democratic Unity or KID [Evans PAUL]
    Cooperative Action to Rebuild Haiti or KONBA [Jean William JEANTY]
    December 16 Platform or Platfom 16 Desanm [Dr. Gerard BLOT]
    Democratic Alliance Party or ALYANS [Evans PAUL] (coalition includes KID and PPRH)
    Democratic Centers' National Council or CONACED [Osner FEVRY]
    Dessalinian Patriotic and Popular Movement or MOPOD [Jean Andre VICTOR]
    Effort and Solidarity to Create an Alternative for the People or ESKAMP [Joseph JASME]
    Fanmi Lavalas or FL [Jean-Bertrand ARISTIDE]
    For Us All or PONT [Jean-Marie CHERESTAL]
    Fusion of Haitian Social Democrats or FHSD [Edmonde Supplice BEAUZILE]
    Grouping of Citizens for Hope or RESPE [Charles-Henri BAKER]
    Haitians for Haiti [Yvon NEPTUNE]
    Haitian Tet Kale Party or PHTK [Ann Valerie Timothee MILFORT]
    Haiti in Action or AAA [Youri LATORTUE]
    Independent Movement for National Reconstruction or MIRN [Luc FLEURINORD]
    Konbit Pou refe Ayiti or KONBIT
    Lavni Organization or LAVNI [Yves CRISTALIN]
    Liberal Party of Haiti or PLH [Jean Andre VICTOR]
    Love Haiti or Renmen Ayiti [Jean-Henry CEANT, Camille LEBLANC]
    Mobilization for National Development or MDN [Hubert de RONCERAY]
    New Christian Movement for a New Haiti or MOCHRENA [Luc MESADIEU]
    Organization for the Advancement of Haiti and Haitians or OLAHH
    Party for the Integral Advancement of the Haitian People or PAIPH
    Patriotic Unity or IP [Marie Denise CLAUDE]
    Peasant's Response or Repons Peyizan [Michel MARTELLY]
    Platform Alternative for Progress and Democracy or ALTENATIV [Victor BENOIT and Evans PAUL]
    Platform of Haitian Patriots or PLAPH [Dejean BELISAIRE, Himmler REBU]
    Platform Pitit Desaline or PPD [Jean-Charles MOISE]
    Pont
    Popular Party for the Renewal of Haiti or PPRH [Claude ROMAIN]
    PPG18
    Rally of Progressive National Democrats or RDNP [Mirlande MANIGAT]
    Renmen Ayiti or RA [Jean-Henry CEANT]
    Reseau National Bouclier or Bouclier
    Respect or RESPE
    Strength in Unity or Ansanm Nou Fo [Leslie VOLTAIRE]
    Struggling People's Organization or OPL [Jacques-Edouard ALEXIS]
    Truth (Verite)
    Union [Chavannes JEUNE]
    Unity or Inite [Levaillant LOUIS-JEUNE]
    Vigilance or Veye Yo [Lavarice GAUDIN]

  • Holy See (Vatican City)

    none

  • Honduras

    Anti-Corruption Party or PAC [Marlene ALVARENGA]
    Christian Democratic Party or DC [Lucas AGUILERA]
    Democratic Unification Party or UD [Alfonso DIAZ]
    Honduran Patriotic Alliance or AP [Romeo VASQUEZ Velasquez]
    Innovation and Unity Party or PINU [Guillermo VALLE]
    Liberal Party or PL [Yani Benjamin ROSENTHAL Hidalgo]
    Liberty and Refoundation Party or LIBRE [Jose Manuel ZELAYA Rosales]
    National Party of Honduras or PNH [Reinaldo SANCHEZ Rivera]
    Opposition Alliance against the Dictatorship or Alianza de Oposicion contra la Dictadura [Salvador NASRALLA] (electoral coalition)
    Savior Party of Honduras or PSH [Salvador Alejandro Cesar NASRALLA Salum]

  • Hong Kong

    parties:
    ALLinHK (alliance of 6 localist groups)
    Business and Professional Alliance or BPA [LO Wai-kwok]
    Civic Party [Alan LEONG]
    Civic Passion or CP [CHENG Chung-tai] (part of Civic Passion-Proletariat Political Institute-Hong Kong Resurgence Order alliance or CP-PPI-HKRO that dissolved after the 2016 election)
    Democracy Groundwork [LAU Siu-lai]
    Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong or DAB [Starry LEE Wai-king]
    Democratic Party [LO Kin-hei]
    Demosisto [Ivan LAM] (announced cessation of all operations, 30 June 2020)
    Federation of Trade Unions or FTU [Stanley NG Chau-pei]
    Labor Party [Steven KWOK Wing-kin]
    League of Social Democrats or LSD [Raphael WONG Ho-ming]
    Liberal Party [Felix CHUNG Kwok-pan]
    Neighborhood and Workers Service Center or NWSC [LEUNG Yui-chung]
    New People's Party or NPP [Regina IP Lau Su-yee]
    People Power or PP [TAM Tak-chi]
    Youngspiration [Sixtus "Baggio" LEUNG Chung-hang]
    other:
    Professional Commons [Charles Peter MOK] (think tank)
    Professional Teachers Union or PTU

    note: political blocks include: pro-democracy - Civic Party, Democratic Party, Labor Party, LSD, NWSC, PP, Professional Commons, PTU; pro-Beijing - DAB, FTU, Liberal Party, NPP, BPA; localist - ALLinHK, CP, Democracy Groundwork, Demosisto; there is no political party ordinance, so there are no registered political parties; politically active groups register as societies or companies

  • Hungary

    Christian Democratic People's Party or KDNP [Zsolt SEMJEN]
    Democratic Coalition or DK [Ferenc GYURCSANY]
    Dialogue for Hungary (Parbeszed) or PM [Gergely KARACSONY, Timea SZABO]
    Fidesz-Hungarian Civic Alliance or Fidesz [Viktor ORBAN]
    Hungarian Socialist Party or MSZP [Bertalan TOTH]
    Momentum Movement (Momentum Mozgalom) [Andras FEKETE-GYOR]
    Movement for a Better Hungary or Jobbik [Tamas SNEIDER]
    National Self-Government of Germans in Hungary or LdU [Olivia SCHUBERT]
    Politics Can Be Different or LMP [Marta DEMETER, Laszlo LORANT-KERESZTES]
    Together (Egyutt)

  • Iceland

    Centrist Party (Midflokkurinn) or CP [Sigmundur David GUNNLAUGSSON]
    Independence Party (Sjalfstaedisflokkurinn) or IP [Bjarni BENEDIKTSSON] 
    Left-Green Movement (Vinstrihreyfingin-graent frambod) or LGM [Katrin JAKOBSDOTTIR]
    People's Party (Flokkur Folksins) [Inga SAELAND]
    Pirate Party (Piratar) [Halldora MOGENSEN]
    Progressive Party (Framsoknarflokkurinn) or PP [Sigurdur Ingi JOHANNSSON]
    Reform Party (Vidreisn) [Thorgerdur Katrin GUNNARSDOTTIR]
    Social Democratic Alliance (Samfylkingin) or SDA [Logi Mar EINARSSON]

  • India

    Aam Aadmi Party or AAP [Arvind KEJRIWAL]
    All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam or AIADMK [Edappadi PALANISWAMY, Occhaathevar PANNEERSELVAM]
    All India Trinamool Congress or AITC [Mamata BANERJEE]
    Bahujan Samaj Party or BSP [MAYAWATI]
    Bharatiya Janata Party or BJP [Amit SHAH]
    Biju Janata Dal or BJD [Naveen PATNAIK]
    Communist Party of India-Marxist or CPI(M) [Sitaram YECHURY]
    Indian National Congress or INC
    Lok Janshakti Party (LJP) [Ram Vilas PASWAN]
    Nationalist Congress Party or NCP [Sharad PAWAR]
    Rashtriya Janata Dal or RJD [Lalu Prasad YADAV]
    Samajwadi Party or SP [Akhilesh YADAV]
    Shiromani Akali Dal or SAD [Sukhbir Singh BADAL]
    Shiv Sena or SS [Uddhav THACKERAY]
    Telegana Rashtra Samithi or TRS [K. Chandrashekar RAO]
    Telugu Desam Party or TDP [Chandrababu NAIDU]
    YSR Congress or YSRC [Jagan Mohan REDDY]

    note: India has dozens of national and regional political parties

  • Indonesia

    Democrat Party or PD [Agus Harimurti YUDHOYONO]
    Functional Groups Party or GOLKAR [Airlangga HARTARTO]
    Great Indonesia Movement Party or GERINDRA [PRABOWO Subianto Djojohadikusumo]
    Indonesia Democratic Party-Struggle or PDI-P [MEGAWATI Sukarnoputri]
    National Awakening Party or PKB [Muhaiman ISKANDAR]
    National Democratic Party or NasDem [Surya PALOH]
    National Mandate Party or PAN [Zulkifli HASAN]
    Prosperous Justice Party or PKS [Ahmad SYAIKHU]
    United Development Party or PPP [Suharso MONOARFA] (2021)

  • Iran

    Combatant Clergy Association (an active political group)
    Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front
    Executives of Construction Party
    Followers of the Guardianship of the Jurisprudent [Ali LARIJANI]
    Front of Islamic Revolutionary Stability [Morteza AGHA-TEHRANI, general secretary]
    Islamic Coalition Party
    Islamic Iran Participation Front [associated with former President Mohammed KHATAMI]
    Islamic Law Party
    Militant Clerics Society
    Moderation and Development Party
    National Trust Party
    National Unity Party
    Pervasive Coalition of Reformists [Ali SUFI, chairman] (includes Council for Coordinating the Reforms Front, National Trust Party, Union of Islamic Iran People Party, Moderation and Development Party)
    Principlists Grand Coalition [Ali Reza ZAKANI] (includes Combatant Clergy Association and Islamic Coalition Party, Society of Devotees and Pathseekers of the Islamic Revolution, Front of Islamic Revolution Stability)
    Progress, Welfare, and Justice Front
    Progress and Justice Population of Islamic Iran or PJP [Hosein GHORBANZADEH, general secretary]
    Resistance Front of Islamic Iran [Yadollah HABIBI, general secretary]
    Steadfastness Front
    Union of Islamic Iran People's Party
    Wayfarers of the Islamic Revolution

  • Iraq


    Al Fatah Alliance [Hadi al-AMIRI]
    Al Nasr Alliance [Haydar al-ABADI]
    Al Sadiqun Bloc [Adnan al-DULAYMI]
    Al Sa'irun Alliance [Muqtda al-SADR]
    Badr Organization [Hadi al-AMIRI]
    Da`wa Party [Nuri al-MALIKI]
    Fadilah Party [Muhammad al-YAQUBI]
    Goran Movement [Omar SAYYID ALI]
    Iraqi Communist Party [Hamid Majid MUSA]
    Iraq Decision Alliance [Khamis al-KHANJAR, Usama al-NUJAYFI]
    Islamic Supreme Council of Iraq or ISCI [Humam HAMMUDI]
    Kurdistan Democratic Party or KDP [Masoud BARZANI]
    National Wisdom Trend [Ammar al-HAKIM]
    New Generation Movement [SHASWAR Abd al-Wahid Qadir]
    Our Identity [Muhammad al-HALBUSI]
    Patriotic Union of Kurdistan or PUK [KOSRAT Rasul Ali, acting]
    State of Law Coalition [Nuri al MALIKI
    Wataniyah coalition [Ayad ALLAWI]
    numerous smaller religious, local, tribal, and minority parties

  • Ireland

    Solidarity-People Before Profit or AAAS-PBP [collective leadership]
    Fianna Fail [Micheal MARTIN]
    Fine Gael [Leo VARADKAR]
    Green Party [Eamon RYAN]
    Labor (Labour) Party [Alan KELLY]
    Renua Ireland (vacant)
    Sinn Fein [Mary Lou MCDONALD]
    Social Democrats [Catherine MURPHY, Roisin SHORTALL]
    Socialist Party [collective leadership]
    The Workers' Party [Michael DONNELLY]

  • Isle of Man

    Green Party [Andrew LANGAN-NEWTON]
    Liberal Vannin Party [Lawrie HOOPER]
    Manx Labor Party [Joney FARAGHER]
    Mec Vannin [Mark KERMODE] (sometimes referred to as the Manx Nationalist Party)



    note: most members sit as independents

  • Israel

    Democratic Union [Nitzan HOROWITZ] (alliance includes Democratic Israel, Meretz, Green Movement)
    Joint List [Ayman ODEH] (alliance includes Hadash, Ta’al, United Arab List, Balad)
    Kahol Lavan [Benny GANTZ] (alliance includes Israeli Resilience, Yesh Atid, Telem)
    Labor-Gesher [Amir PERETZ]
    Likud [Binyamin NETANYAHU]
    Otzma Yehudit [Itamar BEN-GVIR]
    Religous Zionist Party [Belzalel SMOTRICH, chairperson]
    SHAS [Arye DERI]
    United Torah Judaism, or UTJ [Yaakov LITZMAN] (alliance includes Agudat Israel and Degel HaTorah)
    Yamina [Ayelet SHAKED]
    Yesh Atid [Yair LAPID]
    Yisrael Beiteinu [Avigdor LIEBERMAN]
    Zehut [Moshe FEIGLIN]

  • Italy

    Article One or Art.1-MDP [Roberto SPERANZA]
    Associative Movement of Italians Abroad or MAIE [Ricardo Antonio MERIO]
    Brothers of Italy or FdI [Giorgi MELONI]
    Democratic Party or PD [Enrico LETTA]
    Five Star Movement or M5S [Giuseppe CONTE]
    Forza Italia or FI [Silvio BERLUSCONI]
    Free and Equal (Liberi e Uguali) or LeU [Pietro GRASSO]
    League or Lega [Matteo SALVINI]
    More Europe or +EU [Emma BONINO]
    Popular Civic List or CP [Beatrice LORENZIN]
    Possible [Beatrice BRIGNONE]
    South American Union Italian Emigrants or USEI [Eugenion SANGREGORIO]
    South Tyrolean People's Party or SVP [Philipp ACHAMMER]
    Trentino Tyrolean Autonomist Party (Partito Autonomista Trentino Tirolese) or PATT [Franco PANIZZA, secretary]
    Us with Italy [Raffaele FITTO]

  • Jamaica

    Jamaica Labor Party or JLP [Andrew Michael HOLNESS]
    People's National Party or PNP [Dr. Peter David PHILLIPS]
    National Democratic Movement or NDM [Peter TOWNSEND]

  • Japan

    Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan or CDP [Yukio EDANO]
    Democratic Party for the People Japan or DPFP [Yuichiro TAMAKI]
    Group of Reformists [Sakihito OZAWA]
    Japan Communist Party or JCP [Kazuo SHII]
    Japan Innovation Party or Nippon Ishin no kai or Ishin [Ichiro MATSUI]
    Party of Hope or Kibo no To [Yuichiro TAMAKI]
    Komeito [Natsuo YAMAGUCHI]
    Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Yoshihide SUGA]
    Liberal Party [Ichiro OZAWA] (formerly People's Life Party & Taro Yamamoto and Friends or PLPTYF)New Renaissance Party [Hiroyuki ARAI]
    Party for Japanese Kokoro or PJK [Masashi NAKANO]
    Reiwa Shinsengumi [Taro YAMAMOTO]
    Social Democratic Party or SDP [Tadatomo YOSHIDA]
    The Assembly to Energize Japan and the Independents [Kota MATSUDA]

  • Jersey

    one registered party: Reform Jersey [Sam MEZEC]

    note: most senators and deputies sit as independents

  • Jordan

    Ahrar al-Urdun (Free People of Jordan) Party [Samir al-ZU'BI]
    Al-Awn al-Watani (National Aid) Party [Faysal al-AWAR]
    Al-Balad al-Amin Party [Khalil al-SAYED]
    Al-Itijah al-Watani (National Trend Party) [Ahmad al-KAYED]
    Al-Mustaqbal (Future) Party [Salah al-QUDAH]
    Al-Nida’ Party [Abd-al-Majid ABU-KHALID]
    Al-Rayah Party (Flag Party) [Bilal DHEISAT]
    Al-Shahama Party [Mashhour ZREIQAT]
    Al-Shura Party [Firas al-ABBADI]
    Arab Socialist Ba’th Party [Zyad AL-HOMSI]
    Conservatives Party [Hasan RASHID]
    Democratic Popular Unity Party [Sa’eed DHIYAB]
    Democratic Sha’b Party (HASHD) [Abla ABU-OLBEH]
    Freedom and Equality Party [Hamad Abu ZEID]
    Islamic Action Front [Murad AL-ADAYLAH]
    Islamic Centrist Party [Madallah AL-TARAWNEH]
    Jordanian Al-Ansar Party [Awni al-RJOUB]
    Jordanian Al-Hayah Party [Abd-al-Fattah al-KILANI]
    Jordanian Communist Party [Faraj ITMIZYEH]
    Jordanian Democratic Socialist Party [Jamil al-NIMRI]
    Jordanian Democratic Tabiy’ah (Nature) Party [Ali ASFOUR]
    Jordanian Equality Party [Zuhair al-SHURAFA]
    Jordanian Fursan (Cavaliers Party) [Ali al-DHWEIB]
    Jordanian Justice and Development Party [Ali al-SHURAFA]
    Jordanian National Action Party [Abd-al-Hadi al-MAHARMAH]
    Jordanian National Constitutional Party [Ahmad al-SHUNNAQ]
    Jordanian National Democratic Grouping Party [Shakir al-ABBADI]
    Jordanian National Party [Muna ABU-BAKR]
    Jordanian National Union Party [Zeid ABU-ZEID]
    Jordanian Progressive Ba’th Party [Fu’ad DABBOUR]
    Jordanian Promise Party [Mahmoud al-KHALILI]
    Jordanian Reform Party [Eid DHAYYAT]
    Jordanian Social Justice Party [Abd-al-Fattah al-NSOUR]
    Jordanian Wafa’ (Loyalty) Party [Mazin al-QADI]
    Justice and Reform Party [Sa’eed Nathir ARABIYAT]
    Modernity and Change Party [Nayef al-HAMAYDEH]
    National Congress Party [Irhayil GHARAYBEH] (formerly the Zamzam party)
    National Renaissance Front Party [Isma’il KHATATBEH]
    National Unity Party [Muhammad al-ZBOUN]
    Pan Arab Movement Party [Dayfallah FARRAJ]
    Partnership and Salvation Party [Muhammad al-HAMMOURI]
    Reform and Renewal Party [Mazin RYAL]
    Risalah Party [Hazim QASHOU’]
    Stronger Jordan Party [Rula al-HROUB]
    Unified Jordanian Front Party [Farouq AL-ABBADI]

  • Kazakhstan

    Ak Zhol (Bright Path) Party or Democratic Party of Kazakhstan Ak Zhol [Azat PERUASHEV]
    Birlik (Unity) Party [Serik SULTANGALI]
    National Social Democratic Party or NSDP [Zharmakhan TUYAKBAY]
    Nur Otan (Radiant Fatherland) Democratic People's Party [Nursultan NAZARBAYEV]
    People's Democratic (Patriotic) Party "Auyl" [Ali BEKTAYEV]
    People's Party of Kazakhstan [informal leader Aikyn KONUROV]
    Ult Tagdyry (Conscience of the Nation)

  • Kenya

    Alliance Party of Kenya or APK [Kiraitu MURUNGI]
    Amani National Congress or ANC [Musalia MUDAVADI]
    Federal Party of Kenya or FPK [Cyrus JIRONGA]
    Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-Kenya or FORD-K [Moses WETANGULA]
    Forum for the Restoration of Democracy-People or FORD-P [Henry OBWOCHA]
    Jubilee Party [Uhuru KENYATTA]
    Kenya African National Union or KANU [Gideon MOI]
    National Rainbow Coalition or NARC [Charity NGILU]
    Orange Democratic Movement Party of Kenya or ODM [Raila ODINGA]
    Wiper Democratic Movement-K or WDM-K (formerly Orange Democratic Movement-Kenya or ODM-K) [Kalonzo MUSYOKA]

  • Kiribati

    Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party (BKM) [Tessie LAMBOURNE]
    Tobwaan Kiribati Party or TKP [Taneti MAAMAU]

  • Korea, North

    major parties:
    Korean Workers' Party or KWP [KIM Jong Un, general secretary]
    General Association of Korean Residents in Japan (Chongryon) [HO Chong Man]
    minor parties:
    Chondoist Chongu Party [RI Myong Chol] (under KWP control)
    Social Democratic Party or KSDP [PAK Yong Il] (under KWP control) (2021)

  • Korea, South

    Democratic Party or DP [SONG Young-gil] (renamed from Minjoo Party of Korea or MPK in October 2016; formerly New Politics Alliance for Democracy or NPAD, which was a merger of the Democratic Party or DP (formerly DUP) [KIM Han-gil] and the New Political Vision Party or NPVP [AHN Cheol-soo] in March 2014)
    Justice Party or JP [YEO Young-kug]
    Open Democratic Party or ODP [CHOE Kang-wook] (formed in early 2020)
    People's Party or PP [AHN Cheol-soo] (formed in February 2020)
    Together Citizens' Party [WOO Hee-jong, ChOI Bae-geun] (formed in early 2020 in alliance with the Democratic Party)
    Transition Korea [CHO Jung-hun] (formed in February 2020)
    Basic Income Party [SHIN Ji-hye] (formed in January 2020)
    People Power Party or PPP [LEE Jun-seok] (renamed from United Future Party in September 2020, formerly Liberty Korea Party) (2021)

  • Kosovo

    Alliance for the Future of Kosovo or AAK [Ramush HARADINAJ]
    Alternativa [Mimoza KUSARI-LILA]
    Ashkali Party for Integration or PAI [Bekim ARIFI]
    Democratic League of Kosovo or LDK [Lumir ABDIXHIKU]
    Democratic Party of Kosovo or PDK [Memli KRASNIQI]
    Guxo! [Donika GERVALLA-SCHWARZ]
    Independent Liberal Party or SLS [Slobodan PETROVIC]
    Initiative for Kosovo or NISMA [Fatmir LIMAJ]
    New Democratic Initiative of Kosovo or IRDK [Elbert KRASNIQI]
    New Democratic Party or NDS [Emilja REDXEPI]
    New Kosovo Alliance or AKR [Behgjet PACOLLI]
    Progressive Movement of Kosovar Roma or LPRK [Erxhan GALUSHI]
    Romani Initiative [Gazmend SALIJEVCI]
    Self-Determination Movement (Vetevendosje) or VV [Albin KURTI]
    Serbian List or SL [Goran RAKIC]
    Social Democratic Party of Kosovo or PSD [Shpend AHMETI]
    Social Democratic Union [Duda BALJE]
    Turkish Democratic Party of Kosovo or KDTP [Fikrim DAMKA]
    Unique Gorani Party [Adem HODZA]
    Vakat Coalition or VAKAT [Rasim DEMIRI]

  • Kuwait

    none; the government does not recognize any political parties or allow their formation, although no formal law bans political parties

  • Kyrgyzstan

    Alliance [Mirlan JEENCHOROEV]
    Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan (Homeland) [Aybek MATKERIMOV]
    Butun Kyrgyzstan (All Kyrgyzstan) [Adakhan MADUMAROV]
    Ishenim (Trust in Kyrgyz) [Rysbat AMATOV]
    Yntymak (Unity) [Marlen MAMATALIEV]
    Yyman Nuru (Light of Faith) [Nurjigit KADYRBEKOV]

  • Laos

    Lao People's Revolutionary Party or LPRP [THONGLOUN Sisoulit]

    note: other parties proscribed

  • Latvia

    Development/For! or AP! [Daniels PAVLUTS, Juris PUCE]
    National Alliance "All For Latvia!"-"For Fatherland and Freedom/LNNK" or NA [Raivis DZINTARS] New Conservative Party or JKP [Janis BORDANS]
    Social Democratic Party "Harmony" or S [Janis URBANOVICS]
    Union of Greens and Farmers or ZZS [Armands KRAUZE]
    New Unity or JV [Arvils ASERADENS]
    Who Owns the State? or KPV LV (disbanded 2021)

  • Lebanon

    Al-Ahbash or Association of Islamic Charitable Projects [Adnan TARABULSI]
    Amal Movement [Nabih BERRI]
    Azm Movement [Najib MIQATI]
    Ba’th Arab Socialist Party of Lebanon [Fayiz SHUKR]
    Free Patriotic Movement or FPM [Gibran BASSIL]
    Future Movement Bloc [Sa'ad al-HARIRI]
    Hizballah [Hassan NASRALLAH]
    Islamic Actions Front [Sheikh Zuhayr al-JU’AYD]
    Kata'ib Party [Sami GEMAYEL]
    Lebanese Democratic Party [Talal ARSLAN]
    Lebanese Forces or LF [Samir JA'JA]
    Marada Movement [Sulayman FRANJIEH]
    Progressive Socialist Party or PSP [Walid JUNBLATT]
    Social Democrat Hunshaqian Party [Sabuh KALPAKIAN]Syrian Social Nationalist Party [Ali QANSO]
    Syrian Social Nationalist Party [Hanna al-NASHIF]
    Tashnaq or Armenian Revolutionary Federation [Hagop PAKRADOUNIAN]

  • Lesotho

    All Basotho Convention or ABC [Moeketsi MAJORO]
    Alliance of Democrats or AD [Monyane MOLELEKI]
    Basotho Action Party or BAP [Ngosa MAHAO]
    Basotho National Party or BNP [Thesele MASERIBANE]
    Democratic Congress or DC [Mathibeli MOKHOTHU]
    Democratic Party of Lesotho or DPL [Limpho TAU]
    Lesotho Congress for Democracy or LCD [Mothetjoa METSING]
    Movement of Economic Change or MEC [Selibe MOCHOBOROANE]
    National Independent Party or NIP [Kimetso MATHABA]
    Popular Front for Democracy of PFD [Lekhetho RAKUOANE]
    Reformed Congress of Lesotho or RCL [Keketso RANTSO]

  • Liberia

    Alliance for Peace and Democracy or APD [Marcus S. G. DAHN]
    All Liberian Party or ALP [Benoi UREY]
    Alternative National Congress or ANC [Orishil GOULD]
    Coalition for Democratic Change [George WEAH] (includes CDC, NPP, and LPDP)Congress for Democratic Change or CDC [George WEAH]
    Liberia Destiny Party or LDP [Nathaniel BARNES]
    Liberia National Union or LINU [Nathaniel BLAMA]
    Liberia Transformation Party or LTP [Julius SUKU]
    Liberian People Democratic Party or LPDP [Alex J. TYLER]
    Liberian People's Party or LPP
    Liberty Party or LP [J. Fonati KOFFA]
    Movement for Democracy and Reconstruction or MDR [Prince Y. JOHNSON]
    Movement for Economic Empowerment [J. Mill JONES, Dr.]
    Movement for Progressive Change or MPC [Simeon FREEMAN]
    National Democratic Coalition or NDC [Dew MAYSON]
    National Democratic Party of Liberia or NDPL [D. Nyandeh SIEH]
    National Patriotic Party or NPP [Jewel HOWARD TAYLOR]
    National Reformist Party or NRP [Maximillian T. W. DIABE]
    National Union for Democratic Progress or NUDP [Victor BARNEY]
    People's Unification Party or PUP [Isobe GBORKORKOLLIE]
    Unity Party or UP [Varney SHERMAN]
    United People's Party [MacDonald WENTO]
    Victory for Change Party [Marcus R. JONES]

  • Libya

    NA

  • Liechtenstein

    Fatherland Union (Vaterlaendische Union) or VU [Guenther FRITZ]
    Progressive Citizens' Party (Fortschrittliche Buergerpartei) or FBP [Thomas BANZER]
    The Free List (Die Freie Liste) or FL [Pepo FRICK and Conny BUECHEL BRUEHWILER]
    Democrats for Liechtenstein (Demokraten pro Liechtenstein) of DpL [Thomas REHAK]
    The Independents (Die Unabhaengigen) or DU [Harry QUADERER]

  • Lithuania

    Electoral Action of Lithuanian Poles or LLRA [Valdemar TOMASEVSKI]
    Farmers and Greens Union or LVZS [Ramunas KARBAUSKIS]
    Freedom Party or LP [Ausrine ARMONAITE]
    Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats or TS-LKD [Gabrielius LANDSBERGIS]
    Labor Party or DP [Viktor USPASKICH]
    Lithuanian Center Party or LCP [Naglis PUTEIKIS]
    Lithuanian Green Party or LZP [Remigijus LAPINSKAS]]
    Lithuanian Liberal Movement or LS or LRLS [Viktorija CMILYTE]
    Lithuanian List or LL [Darius KUOLYS]
    Lithuanian Social Democratic Party or LSDP [Gintautas PALUCKAS]
    Lithuanian Social Democratic Labor Party or LSDDP [Gediminas KIRKILAS]
    Freedom and Justice Party or LT [Remigijus ZEMAITAITIS]

  • Luxembourg

    Alternative Democratic Reform Party or ADR [Jean SCHOOS]
    Christian Social People's Party or CSV [Felix EISCHEN]
    Democratic Party or DP [Corinne CAHEN]
    Green Party [Djuna BERNARD, Meris SEHOVIC]
    Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party or LSAP [Yves CRUCHTEN]
    The Left (dei Lenk/la Gauche) [collective leadership, Central Committee]
    other minor parties

  • Macau

    Alliance for Change or APM [Melinda CHAN Mei-yi]
    Alliance for a Happy Home or ABL [WONG Kit-cheng] (an electoral list of UPP)
    Civic Watch or Civico [Agnes LAM Iok-fong]
    Macau-Guangdong Union or UMG [MAK Soi-kun]
    Macau Citizens' Development Association or ACDM [Becky SONG Pek-kei] (an electoral list of ACUM)New Democratic Macau Association or ANMD [AU Kam-san]
    New Hope or NE [Jose Maria Pereira COUTINHO]
    New Macau Association (New Macau Progressives) or AMN or ANPM [Sulu SOU Ka-hou]
    New Union for Macau's Development or NUDM [Angela LEONG On-kei]
    Prosperous Democratic Macau Association or APMD (an electoral list of AMN)
    Union for Development or UPD [Ella LEI Cheng-I]
    Union for Promoting Progress or UPP [HO Ion-sang]
    United Citizens Association of Macau or ACUM [CHAN Meng-kam]

    note: there is no political party ordinance, so there are no registered political parties; politically active groups register as societies or companies

  • Madagascar

    Economic liberalism and democratic action for national recovery or LEADER FANILO [Jean Max RAKOTOMAMONJY]
    FOMBA [Ny Rado RAFALIMANANA]
    Gideons fighting against poverty in Madagascar (Gedeona Miady amin'ny Fahantrana eto Madagascar) or GFFM [Andre Christian Dieu Donne MAILHOL]
    Green party or VERTS (Antoko Maintso) [Alexandre GEORGET]
    I Love Madagascar (Tiako I Madagasikara) or TIM [Marc RAVALOMANANA]
    Malagasy aware (Malagasy Tonga Saina) or MTS [Roland RATSIRAKA]
    Malagasy raising together (Malagasy Miara-Miainga) or MMM [Hajo ANDRIANAINARIVELO]
    New Force for Madagascar (Hery Vaovao ho an'ny Madagasikara) or HVM [Hery Martial RAJAONARIMAMPIANINA Rakotoarimanana]
    Total Refoundation of Madagascar (Refondation Totale de Madagascar) or RTM [Joseph Martin RANDRIAMAMPIONONA]
    Vanguard for the renovation of Madagascar (Avant-Garde pour la renovation de Madagascar) or AREMA [Didier RATSIRAKA]
    Young Malagasies Determined (Malagasy: Tanora malaGasy Vonona) or TGV [Andry RAJOELINA]and MAPAR [Andry RAJOELINA], and IRD (We are all with Andy Rajoelina) [Andry RAJOELINA]

  • Malawi

    Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [Peter MUTHARIKA]
    Malawi Congress Party or MCP [Lazarus CHAKWERA]
    Peoples Party or PP [Joyce BANDA]
    United Democratic Front or UDF [Atupele MULUZI]
    United Transformation Movement or UTM [Saulos CHILIMA]

  • Malaysia

    National Front (Barisan Nasional) or BN:
    Malaysian Chinese Association (Persatuan China Malaysia) or MCA [LIOW Tiong Lai]
    Malaysian Indian Congress (Kongres India Malaysia) or MIC [S. SUBRAMANIAM]
    United Malays National Organization or UMNO [Zahid HAMID]

    (Formerly - Coalition of Hope (Pakatan Harapan) or PH (formerly the People's Alliance, before former PM MAHATHIR resigns 24 February 2020): 
    Democratic Action Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [LIM Guan Eng]
    Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia) or PPBM [Tan Sri MUHYIDDIN Yassin; note - former PM MAHATHIR stepped down 24 Feb 2020]
    National Trust Party (Parti Amanah Negara) or AMANAH [Mohamad SABU]
    People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat) or PKR [ANWAR Ibrahim]

    Coalition Perikatan Nasional or PN, after Pakatan Harapan or PH coalition fell apart 24 February 2020
    Malaysian United Indigenous Party (Parti Pribumi Bersatu Malaysia) or PPBM [Tan Sri MUHYIDDIN Yassin; note - former PM MAHATHIR steps down 24 Feb 2020]
    United Malays National Organization or UMNO [Zahid HAMID]
    People's Justice Party (Parti Keadilan Rakyat) or PKR [ANWAR Ibrahim]
    Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (Parti Islam se Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI Awang]
    Democratic Action Party (Parti Tindakan Demokratik) or DAP [TAN Kok Wai]
    National Trust Party (Parti Amanah Negara) or AMANAH [Mohamad SABU]
    Sabah Star [Datuk Seri Jeffrey Kitingan]

    New - Fighters of the Nation Party (Parti Pejuang Tanah Air) or Pejuang [former PM MAHATHIR bin Mohamad; interim president Datuk Seri Mukhriz Mahathir note - started August 2020] 

    Other:
    Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party (Parti Islam se Malaysia) or PAS [Abdul HADI Awang]
    Progressive Democratic Party or PDP [TIONG King Sing]
    Sabah Heritage Party (Parti Warisan Sabah) or WARISAN [SHAFIE Apdal]
    Sarawak Parties Alliance (Gabungan Parti Sarawak) or GPS [ABANG JOHARI Openg] (includes PBB, SUPP, PRS, PDP)
    Sarawak People's Party (Parti Rakyat Sarawak) or PRS [James MASING]
    Sarawak United People's Party (Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sarawak) or SUPP [Dr. SIM Kui Hian]
    United Pasokmomogun Kadazandusun Murut Organization (Pertubuhan Pasko Momogun Kadazan Dusun Bersatu) or UPKO [Wilfred Madius TANGAU]
    United Sabah Alliance or USA (Gabungan Sabah)
    United Sabah Party (Parti Bersatu Sabah) or PBS [Maximus ONGKILI]
    United Sabah People's (Party Parti Bersatu Rakyat Sabah) or PBRS [Joseph KURUP]
    United Traditional Bumiputera Party (Parti Pesaka Bumiputera Bersata) or PBB; note - PBB is listed under GPS above

  • Maldives

    Adhaalath (Justice) Party or AP [Sheikh Imran ABDULLA]
    Dhivehi Rayyithunge Party or DRP [Ahmed Thasmeen ALI]
    Maldives Development Alliance or MDA [Ahmed Shiyam MOHAMED]
    Maldivian Democratic Party or MDP [Mohamed NASHEED]
    Maldives Labor and Social Democratic Party or MLSDP [Ahmed SHIHAM]
    Maldives Thirdway Democrats or MTD [Ahmed ADEEB]
    Maumoon/Maldives Reform Movement or MRM [Maumoon Abdul GAYOOM]
    National Democratic Congress [Yousuf Maaniu] (formed in 2020)
    People's National Congress or PNC [Abdul Raheem ABDULLA] (formed in early 2019)
    Progressive Party of Maldives or PPM
    Republican (Jumhooree) Party or JP [Qasim IBRAHIM]

    (2020)

  • Mali

    African Solidarity for Democracy and Independence or SADI [Oumar MARIKO]
    Alliance for Democracy in Mali-Pan-African Party for Liberty, Solidarity, and Justice or ADEMA-PASJ [Tiemoko SANGARE]
    Alliance for Democracy and Progress or ADP-Maliba [Amadou THIAM]
    Alliance for the Solidarity of Mali-Convergence of Patriotic Forces or ASMA-CFP [Soumeylou Boubeye MAIGA]
    Alternative Forces for Renewal and Emergence or FARE [Modibo SIDIBE]
    Convergence for the Development of Mali or CODEM [Housseyni Amion GUINDO]
    Democratic Alliance for Peace or ADP-Maliba [Aliou Boubacar DIALLO]
    Economic and Social Development Party or PDES [Jamille BITTAR]
    Front for Democracy and the Republic or FDR (coalition of smaller opposition parties)
    National Congress for Democratic Initiative or CNID [Mountaga TALL]
    Party for National Renewal or PARENA [Tiebile DRAME]
    Patriotic Movement for Renewal or MPR [Choguel Kokalla MAIGA]
    Rally for Mali or RPM [Boucary TRETA]
    Union for Republic and Democracy or URD [Younoussi TOURE]

  • Malta

    Democratic Party (Partit Demokratiku) or PD [Godfrey FARRUGIA]
    Labor Party (Partit Laburista) or PL [Robert ABELA]
    Nationalist Party (Partit Nazzjonalista) or PN [Bernard GRECH]

  • Marshall Islands

    traditionally there have been no formally organized political parties; what has existed more closely resembles factions or interest groups because they do not have party headquarters, formal platforms, or party structures

  • Mauritania

    Alliance for Justice and Democracy/Movement for Renewal or AJD/MR [Ibrahima Moctar SARR]
    Burst of Youth for the Nation [Lalla Mint CHERIF]
    Coalition of Majority Parties or CPM (includes UPR, UDP)
    El Karama Party [Cheikhna Ould Mohamed Ould HAJBOU]
    El Vadila Party [Ethmane Ould Ahmed ABOULMAALY]
    National Forum for Democracy and Unity or FNDU [Mohamed Ould MAOLOUD] (coalition of hard-line opposition parties, includes RNRD-TAWASSOUL)
    National Rally for Reform and Development or RNRD-TAWASSOUL [Mohamed Mahmoud Ould SEYIDI]
    Party of Unity and Development or PUD [Mohamed BARO]
    Popular Progressive Alliance or APP [Messaoud Ould BOULKHEIR]
    Rally of Democratic Forces or RFD [Ahmed Ould DADDAH]
    Ravah Party [ Mohamed Ould VALL]
    Republican Party for Democracy and Renewal or PRDR [Mintata Mint HEDEID]
    Union for Democracy and Progress or UDP [Naha Mint MOUKNASS]
    Union of Progress Forces [Mohamed Ould MAOULOUD]
    Union for the Republic or UPR [Seyidna Ali Ould MOHAMED KHOUNA]

  • Mauritius

    Alliance Lepep (Alliance of the People) [Pravind JUGNAUTH] (coalition includes MSM and ML)
    Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PTR or MLP [Navinchandra RAMGOOLAM]
    Mauritian Militant Movement (Mouvement Militant Mauricien) or MMM [Paul BERENGER]
    Mauritian Social Democratic Party (Parti Mauricien Social Democrate) or PMSD [Xavier Luc DUVAL]
    Militant Socialist Movement (Mouvement Socialist Mauricien) or MSM [Pravind JUGNAUTH]
    Muvman Liberater or ML [Ivan COLLENDAVELLOO]
    Patriotic Movement (Mouvement Patriotic) [Alan GANOO]
    Rodrigues Peoples Organization (Organisation du Peuple Rodriguais) or OPR [Serge CLAIR]

  • Mexico

    Citizen's Movement (Movimiento Ciudadano) or MC [Clemente CASTANEDA]
    Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) or PRI [Claudia RUIZ Massieu]
    It's For Mexico (Va Por Mexico) - alliance that includes PAN, PRI, PRD
    Labor Party (Partido del Trabajo) or PT [Alberto ANAYA Gutierrez]
    Mexican Green Ecological Party (Partido Verde Ecologista de Mexico) or PVEM [Carlos Alberto PUENTE Salas]
    Movement for National Regeneration (Movimiento Regeneracion Nacional) or MORENA [Andres Manuel LOPEZ Obrador]
    National Action Party (Partido Accion Nacional) or PAN [Damian ZEPEDA Vidales]
    Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolucion Democratica) or PRD [Manuel GRANADOS]
    Together We Make History (Juntos Hacemos Historia) - alliance that includes MORENA, PT, PVEM

  • Micronesia, Federated States of

    no formal parties

  • Moldova

    represented in Parliament:
    Action and Solidarity Party or PAS [Igor GROSU]
    Communist Party of the Republic of Moldova or PCRM [Vladimir VORONIN]
    Socialist Party of the Republic of Moldova or PSRM [vacant] 
    Shor Party or SHOR [Ilan SHOR]
    not represented in Parliament, participated in recent elections (2014-2021):
    Alliance for the Unification of Romanians or AUR [George SIMION]
    Anti-Mafia Movement or MPA [Sergiu MOCANU]
    Centrist Union of Moldova or UCM [Mihai PETRACHE]
    Christian Democratic People's Party or PPCD [Victor CIOBANU]
    Civic Congress Party [Mark TKACIUK]
    Conservative Party or PC [Natalia NIRCA]
    Democratic Party of Moldova or PDM [Monica BABUC (acting)]
    Democracy at Home Party or PDA [Vasile COSTIUC]
    Democratic Action Party or PAD [Mihai GODEA]
    Dignity and Truth Platform or PPDA [Andrei NASTASE]
    Ecologist Green Party or PVE [Anatolie PROHNITCHI]
    European People’s Party of Moldova or EPPM [Iurie LEANCA]
    Law and Justice Party or PLD [Nicolae ALEXEI]
    Liberal Democratic Party of Moldova or PLDM [Tudor DELIU]
    Liberal Party or PL [Dorin CHIRTOACA]
    "Motherland" Party or PP [Sergiu BIRIUCOV]
    National Liberal Party or PNL [Vitalia PAVLICENKO]
    New Historical Option or NOI [Svetlana CHESARI]
    Our Home Moldova or PCNM [Grigore PETRENCO]
    Our Party or PN [Renato USATII]
    Party of Development and Consolidation of Moldova or PDCM [Ion CHICU]
    Party of National Unity [Anatol SALARU]
    People’s Party of Moldova or PPRM [Alexandru OLEINIC]
    Power of the People Party [Ruslan CODREANU]
    Regions Party of Moldova or PRM [Alexandr KALININ]
    Socialist People’s Party of Moldova or PPSM [Victor STEPANIUC]
    We Build Europe at Home Party or PACE [Gheorghe CAVCALIUC]

  • Monaco

    Horizon Monaco [Laurent NOUVION]
    Priorite Monaco [Stephane VALERI]
    Union Monegasque [Jean-Francois ROBILLON]

  • Mongolia

    Democratic Party or DP [disputed]
    Mongolian National Democratic Party or MNDP [Bayanjargal TSOGTGEREL]
    Mongolian People's Party or MPP [Luvsannamsrai OYUN-ERDENE]
    Civil Will-Green Party or CWGP [Tserendorj GANKHUYAG]
    Mongolian Traditionally United Party or MTUP [Batdelgeriin BATBOLD]
    National Labor Party or HUN [Togmid Dorhkhand]
    Mongolian Social Democratic Party or MSDP [Adiya GANBAATAR]
    Justice Party [Batbayar NASANBILEG]

    note: there are 35 total registered parties as of December 2021

  • Montenegro

    Albanian Alternative or AA [Nik DJELOSAJ]
    Albanian Coalition (includes DP, DSCG, DUA)
    Albanian Coalition Perspective or AKP
    Albanian List (coalition includes AA, Forca, AKP, DSA)
    Bosniak Party or BS [Rafet HUSOVIC]
    Croatian Civic Initiative or HGI [Adrian VUKSANOVIC]
    Croatian Reform Party [Marija VUCINOVIC]
    Democratic Alliance or DEMOS [Miodrag LEKIC]
    Democratic Front or DF [collective leadership] (coalition includes NOVA, PZP, DNP, RP)
    Democratic League in Montenegro or DSCG [Mehmet BARDHI]
    Democratic League of Albanians or DSA
    Democratic Montenegro or DCG [Aleksa BECIC]
    Democratic Party or DP [Fatmir GJEKA]
    Democratic Party of Socialists or DPS [Milo DJUKANOVIC]
    Democratic Party of Unity or DSJ [Nebojsa JUSKOVIC]
    Democratic People's Party or DNP [Milan KNEZEVIC]
    Democratic Serb Party or DSS [Dragica PEROVIC]
    Democratic Union of Albanians or DUA [Mehmet ZENKA]
    For the Future of Montenegro or ZBCG [Zdravko KRIVOKAPIC] (electoral coalition includes SNP and 2 alliances - DF, NP)
    Liberal Party or LP [Andrija POPOVIC]
    Movement for Change or PZP [Nebojsa MEDOJEVIC]
    New Democratic Power or FORCA [Nazif CUNGU]
    New Serb Democracy or NOVA [Andrija MANDIC]
    Party of Pensioners, Disabled, and Restitution or PUPI [Momir JOKSIMOVIC]
    Peace is Our Nation or MNIM [Alexa BECIC] (coalition includes Democrats, DEMOS, New Left, PUPI)
    Popular Movement or NP [Miodrag DAVIDOVIC] (coalition includes DEMOS, RP, UCG, and several minor parties)
    Social Democratic Party or SDP [Ranko KRIVOKAPIC]
    Social Democrats or SD [Ivan BRAJOVIC]
    Socialist People's Party or SNP [Vladimir JOKOVIC]
    True Montenegro or PRAVA [Marko MILACIC]
    United Montenegro or UCG [Goran DANILOVIC] (split from DEMOS)
    United Reform Action or URA [Dritan ABAZOVIC]
    Workers' Party or RP [Maksim VUCINIC]

  • Montserrat

    Movement for Change and Prosperity or MCAP [Easton Taylor FARRELL]
    People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Donaldson ROMERO]

  • Morocco

    Action Party or PA [Mohammed EL IDRISSI]
    Amal (hope) Party [Mohamed BANI]
    An-Nahj Ad-Dimocrati or An-Nahj [Mustapha BRAHMA]
    Authenticity and Modernity Party or PAM [Ilyas al-OMARI]
    Constitutional Union Party or UC [Mohamed SAJID]
    Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Abdessamad ARCHANE]
    Democratic Confederation of Labor or CDT [Noubir El AMAOUI] (national trade union center)
    Democratic Forces Front or FFD [Mustapha BENALI]
    Democratic Oath Party or SD
    Democratic Socialist Vanguard Party or PADS [Abderrahman BENAMROU]
    Democratic Society Party [Zhour CHAKKAFI]
    Environment and Development Party or PED [Karim HRITAN]
    Green Left Party [Mohamed FARES]
    Istiqlal (Independence) Party or PI [Nizar BARAKA]
    Ittihadi National Congress or CNI [Abdesalam EL AZIZ]
    Labor Party or PT
    Moroccan Liberal Party or PML [Mohammed ZIANE]
    Moroccan Union for Democracy or UMD [Jamal MANDRI]
    National Rally of Independents or RNI [Aziz AKHANNOUCH]
    Neo-Democrats Party [Mohamed DARIF]
    Party of Development Reform or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOHEN]
    Party of Justice and Development or PJD [Saad Eddine al-OTHMANI]
    Party of Liberty and Social Justice [Miloud MOUSSAOUI]
    Popular Movement or MP [Mohand LAENSER]
    Progress and Socialism Party or PPS [Nabil BENABDELLAH]
    Reform and Development Party or PRD
    Renaissance and Virtue Party [Mohamed KHALIDI]
    Renaissance Party [Said EL GHENNIOUI]
    Renewal and Equity Party or PRE [Chakir ACHEHABAR]
    Shoura (consultation) and Istiqlal Party [Ahmed BELGHAZI]
    Social Center Party or PCS [Lahcen MADIH]
    Socialist Party [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA]
    Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Driss LACHGAR]
    Unified Socialist Party or GSU [Nabila MOUNIB]
    Unity and Democracy Party [Ahmed FITRI]

  • Mozambique

    Democratic Movement of Mozambique (Movimento Democratico de Mocambique) or MDM [Lutero SIMANGO]
    Front for the Liberation of Mozambique (Frente de Liberatacao de Mocambique) or FRELIMO [Filipe NYUSI]
    Mozambican National Resistance (Resistencia Nacional Mocambicana) or RENAMO [Ossufo MOMADE]
    Optimistic Party for the Development of Mozambique or Podemos [Helder Mendonca] (2021)

  • Namibia

    All People's Party or APP [Vacant]
    Christian Democratic Voice or CDV [Gothard KANDUME]
    Landless People's Movement or LPM [Bernadus SWARTBOOI]
    National Unity Democratic Organization or NUDO [Estes MUINJANGUE]
    Namibian Economic Freedom Fighters or NEFF [Epafras MUKWIILONGO]
    Popular Democratic Movement or PDM (formerly DTA) [McHenry VENAANI]
    Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Mike KAVEKOTORA]
    Republican Party or RP [Henk MUDGE]
    South West Africa National Union or SWANU [Tangeni IIYAMBO]
    South West Africa People's Organization or SWAPO [Hage GEINGOB]
    United Democratic Front or UDF [Apius AUCHAB]
    United People's Movement or UPM [Jan J. VAN WYK]

  • Nauru

    Nauru First (Naoero Amo) Party [David ADEANG]

  • Nepal

    the Election Commission of Nepal granted ballot access under the proportional system to 88 political parties for the November-December 2017 House of Representatives election to the Federal Parliament; of these, the following 8 parties won seats:
    Federal Socialist Forum, Nepal or FSFN [Upendra YADAV]
    Naya Shakti Party, Nepal [Baburam BHATTARAI]
    Nepal Communist Party or NCP [Khadga Prasad OLI, Pushpa Kamal DAHAL]
    Nepali Congress or NC [Sher Bahadur DEUBA]
    Nepal Mazdoor Kisan Party [Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE]
    Rastriya Janamorcha [Chitra Bahadur K.C.]
    Rastriya Janata Party or RJPN [Mahanta THAKUR]
    Rastriya Prajatantra party or RPP [Kamal THAPA]

  • Netherlands

    Christian Democratic Appeal or CDA [Wopke HOEKSTRA]
    Christian Union or CU [Gert-Jan SEGERS]
    Democrats 66 or D66 [Rob JETTEN]
    Denk [Tunahan KUZU]
    50 Plus [Henk KROL]
    Forum for Democracy or FvD [Thierry BAUDET]
    Green Left or GL [Jesse KLAVER]
    Labor Party or PvdA [Lilianne PLOUMEN]
    Party for Freedom or PVV [Geert WILDERS]
    Party for the Animals or PvdD [Esther OUWENHAND]
    People's Party for Freedom and Democracy or VVD [Mark RUTTE]
    Reformed Political Party or SGP [Kees VAN DER STAAIJ]
    Socialist Party or SP [Lilian MARIJNISSEN]
    plus a few minor parties

  • New Caledonia

    Build Our Rainbow Nation
    Caledonia Together or CE [Philippe GERMAIN]
    Caledonian Union or UC [Daniel GOA]
    Future Together (l'Avenir Ensemble) [Harold MARTIN]
    Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (alliance includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM) [Victor TUTUGORO]
    Labor Party (Parti Travailliste) or PT [Louis Kotra UREGEI]
    National Union for Independence (Union Nationale pour l'Independance) or UNI
    Party of Kanak Liberation (Parti de Liberation Kanak) or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE]
    Socialist Kanak Liberation or LKS [Nidoish NAISSELINE]
    The Republicans (formerly The Rally or UMP) [interim leader Thierry SANTA]
    Union for Caledonia in France

  • New Zealand

    ACT New Zealand [David SEYMOUR]
    Green Party [James SHAW]
    Mana Movement [Hone HARAWIRA] (formerly Mana Party)
    Maori Party [Che WILSON and Kaapua SMITH]
    New Zealand First Party or NZ First [Winston PETERS]
    New Zealand Labor Party [Jacinda ARDERN]
    New Zealand National Party [Judith COLLINS]
    United Future New Zealand [Damian LIGHT]

  • Nicaragua

    Alliance for the Republic or APRE [Carlos CANALES]
    Conservative Party or PC [Alfredo CESAR]
    Independent Liberal Party or PLI [Jose del Carmen ALVARADO]
    Liberal Constitutionalist Party or PLC [Maria Haydee OSUNA]
    Nicaraguan Liberal Alliance or ALN [Alejandro MEJIA Ferreti]
    Nicaraguan Party of the Christian Path or CCN [Guillermo OSORNO]
    Sandinista National Liberation Front or FSLN [Jose Daniel ORTEGA Saavedra]
    Sandinista Renovation Movement or MRS [Suyen BARAHONA]
    Sons of Mother Earth or YATAMA [Brooklyn RIVERA]

  • Niger

    Alliance of Movements for the Emergence of Niger or AMEN AMIN [Omar Hamidou TCHIANA]
    Congress for the Republic or CPR-Inganci [Kassoum MOCTAR]
    Democratic Alliance for Niger or ADN-Fusaha [Habi Mahamadou SALISSOU]
    Democratic and Social Convention-Rahama or CDS-Rahama [Abdou LABO]
    National Movement for the Development of Society-Nassara or MNSD-Nassara [Seini OUMAROU]
    Nigerien Alliance for Democracy and Progress-Zaman Lahiya or ANDP-Zaman Lahiya [Moussa Moumouni DJERMAKOYE]
    Nigerien Democratic Movement for an African Federation or MODEN/FA Lumana [Hama AMADOU]
    Nigerien Movement for Democratic Renewal or MNRD-Hankuri [Mahamane OUSMANE]
    Nigerien Party for Democracy and Socialism or PNDS-Tarrayya [Mahamadou ISSOUFOU]
    Nigerien Patriotic Movement or MPN-Kishin Kassa [Ibrahim YACOUBA]
    Party for Socialism and Democracy in Niger or PSDN-Alheri
    Patriotic Movement for the Republic or MPR-Jamhuriya [Albade ABOUBA]
    Rally for Democracy and Progress-Jama'a or RDP-Jama'a [Hamid ALGABID]
    Social and Democratic Rally or RSD-Gaskiyya [Amadou CHEIFFOU]
    Social Democratic Party or PSD-Bassira [Mohamed BEN OMAR]
    Union for Democracy and the Republic-Tabbat or UDR-Tabbat [Amadou Boubacar CISSE]

    note: the SPLM and SPLM-DC are banned political parties

  • Nigeria

    Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO]
    Africa Democratic Congress (ADC) [Ralph Okey NWOSU] 
    All Progressives Congress or APC [Mai Mala BUNI, caretaker]
    All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor Ike OYE]
    Labor Party or LP [Alhai Abdulkadir ABDULSALAM]
    Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Iyourchia AYU]
    Young Progressive Party or YPP [Olufemi FOLAYAN]

  • Niue

    Alliance of Independents or AI
    Niue People's Action Party or NPP [Young VIVIAN]

  • Norfolk Island

    Norfolk Island Labor Party [Mike KELLY]
    Norfolk Liberals [John BROWN]

  • North Macedonia

    Alliance for Albanians or AfA [Ziadin SELA]
    Alternative (Alternativa) [Afrim GASHI]
    Besa Movement [Bilal KASAMI]
    Democratic Party of Albanians or PDSh [Menduh THACI]
    Democratic Union for Integration or BDI [Ali AHMETI]
    Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - Democratic Party for Macedonian National Unity or VMRO-DPMNE [Hristijan MICKOSKI]
    Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization - People's Party or VMRO-NP [Ljubco GEORGIEVSKI]
    Liberal Democratic Party or LDP [Goran MILEVSKI]
    Renewal (VMRO-DPMNE coalition)
    Social Democratic Union of Macedonia or SDSM [Dimitar KOVACHEVSKI]
    The Left (Levica) [Dimitar APASIEV]
    Turkish Democratic Party of DPT [Beycan ILYAS]
    We Can (coalition includes SDSM/Besa/VMRO-NP, DPT, LDP)

  • Northern Mariana Islands

    Democratic Party [Daniel QUITUGUA]
    Republican Party [James ADA]

  • Norway

    Center Party or Sp [Trygve Slagsvold VEDUM]
    Christian Democratic Party or KrF [Olaug BOLLESTAD]
    Conservative Party or H [Erna SOLBERG]
    Green Party or MDG [Une Aina BASTHOLM] 
    Labor Party or Ap [Jonas Gahr STORE]
    Liberal Party or V [Guri MELBY]
    Patient Focus or PF [Irene OJALA]
    Progress Party or FrP [Sylvi LISTHAUG]
    Red Party or R [Bionar MOXNES]
    Socialist Left Party or SV [Audun LYSBAKKEN]

  • Oman

    none; note - organized political parties are legally banned in Oman, and loyalties tend to form around tribal affiliations

  • Pakistan

    Awami National Party or ANP [Asfandyar Wali KHAN]
    Awami Muslim League or AML [Sheikh Rashid AHMED]
    Balochistan Awami Party or BAP [Jam Kamal KHAN]
    Balochistan National Party-Awami or BNP-A [Mir Israr Ullah ZEHRI]
    Balochistan National Party-Mengal or BNP-M [Sardar Akhtar Jan MENGAL]
    Grand Democratic Alliance or GDA (alliance of several parties)
    Jamhoori Wattan Party or JWP [Shahzain BUGTI]
    Jamaat-i Islami or JI [Sirajul HAQ]
    Jamiat-i Ulema-i Islam Fazl-ur Rehman or JUI-F [Fazlur REHMAN]
    Muttahida Quami Movement-London or MQM-L [Altaf HUSSAIN] (MQM split into two factions in 2016)
    Muttahida Quami Movement-Pakistan or MQM-P [Dr. Khalid Maqbool SIDDIQUI] (MQM split into two factions in 2016)
    Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal or MMA [Fazl-ur- REHMAN] (alliance of several parties)
    National Party or NP [Mir Hasil Khan BIZENJO]
    Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party or PMAP or PkMAP [Mahmood Khan ACHAKZAI]
    Pakistan Muslim League-Functional or PML-F [Pir PAGARO or Syed Shah Mardan SHAH-II]
    Pakistan Muslim League-Nawaz or PML-N [Shehbaz SHARIF]
    Pakistan Muslim League – Quaid-e-Azam Group or PML-Q [Chaudhry Shujaat HUSSAIN]
    Pakistan Peoples Party or PPP [Bilawal BHUTTO ZARDARI, Asif Ali ZARDARI]
    Pakistan Tehrik-e Insaaf or PTI (Pakistan Movement for Justice) [Imran KHAN]Pak Sarzameen Party or PSP [Mustafa KAMAL]
    Quami Watan Party or QWP [Aftab Ahmed Khan SHERPAO]

    note: political alliances in Pakistan shift frequently

  • Palau

    none

  • Panama

    Democratic Change or CD [Romulo ROUX]
    Democratic Revolutionary Party or PRD [Benicio ROBINSON]
    Nationalist Republican Liberal Movement or MOLIRENA [Francisco "Pancho" ALEMAN]
    Panamenista Party [Jose Luis "Popi" VARELA Rodriguez] (formerly the Arnulfista Party)
    Popular Party or PP [Juan Carlos ARANGO Reese] (formerly Christian Democratic Party or PDC)

  • Papua New Guinea

    National Alliance Party or NAP [Patrick PRUAITCH]
    Papua and Niugini Union Party or PANGU [Sam BASIL]
    Papua New Guinea Party or PNGP [Belden NAMAH]
    People's National Congress Party or PNC [Peter Paire O'NEILL]
    People's Party or PP [Peter IPATAS]
    People's Progress Party or PPP [Sir Julius CHAN]
    Social Democratic Party or SDP [Powes PARKOP]
    Triumph Heritage Empowerment Party or THE [Don POLYE]
    United Resources Party or URP [William DUMA]

    note: as of 8 July 2017, 45 political parties were registered

  • Paraguay

    Asociacion Nacional Republicana - Colorado Party or ANR [Pedro ALLIANA]
    Avanza Pais coalition or AP [Adolfo FERREIRO]
    Broad Front coalition (Frente Guasu) or FG [Esperanza MARTINEZ]
    Ganar Alliance (alliance between PLRA and Guasu Front)
    Movimiento Cruzada Nacional or MCN
    Movimiento Hagamos or MH [Antonio "Tony" APURIL]
    Movimiento Union Nacional de Ciudadanos Eticos or UNACE [Jorge OVIEDO MATTO]
    Partido del Movimiento al Socialismo or P-MAS [Camilo Ernesto SOARES Machado]
    Partido Democratica Progresista or PDP [Rafael FILIZZOLA]
    Partido Encuentro Nacional or PEN [Hermann RATZLAFFIN Klippemstein]
    Partido Liberal Radical Autentico or PLRA [Efrain ALEGRE]
    Partido Pais Solidario or PPS [Carlos Alberto FILIZZOLA Pallares]
    Partido Popular Tekojoja or PPT [Sixto PEREIRA Galeano]
    Patria Querida (Beloved Fatherland Party) or PPQ [Miguel CARRIZOSA]

  • Peru

    Alliance for Progress (Alianza para el Progreso) or APP [Cesar ACUNA Peralta]
    American Popular Revolutionary Alliance or APRA [Cesar TRELLES Lara]
    Broad Front (Frente Amplio; also known as El Frente Amplio por Justicia, Vida y Libertad) (coalition includes Nuevo Peru [Veronika MENDOZA], Tierra y Libertad [Marco ARANA Zegarra], and Fuerza Social [Susana VILLARAN de la Puente]
    Free Peru (Peru Libre) [Vladimir CERRON Rojas]
    National Solidarity (Solidaridad Nacional) or SN [Luis CASTANEDA Lossio]
    National Victory (Victoria Nacional) or VN [George FORSYTH Sommer]
    Peru Posible or PP (coalition includes Accion Popular and Somos Peru) [Alejandro TOLEDO Manrique]
    Peruvian Aprista Party (Partido Aprista Peruano) or PAP [Javier VELASQUEZ Quesquen] (also referred to by its original name Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana or APRA)
    Peruvian Nationalist Party [Ollanta HUMALA]
    Peruvians for Change (Peruanos Por el Kambio) or PPK [Pedro Pablo KUCZYNSKI]
    Popular Action (Accion Popular) or AP [Mesias GUEVARA Amasifuen]
    Popular Christian Party (Partido Popular Cristiano) or PPC [Lourdes FLORES Nano]
    Popular Force (Fuerza Popular; formerly Fuerza 2011) [Keiko FUJIMORI Higuchi]
    Popular Renewal (Renovacion Popular) [Rafael LOPEZ ALIAGA]
    Purple Party (Partido Morado) [Julio Armando GUZMAN Caceres]
    Social Integration Party (Avanza Pais - Partido de Integracion Social) [Pedro CENAS Casamayor]
    Together For Peru (Juntos por el Peru) or JP [Robert SANCHEZ Palomino]
    We Are Peru (Somos Peru) [Patricia LI]
    We Can Peru (Podemos Peru) [Jose Leon LUNA Galvez]

  • Philippines

    Akbayon [Machris CABREROS]
    Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Struggle of Filipino Democrats) or LDP [Edgardo ANGARA]
    Lakas ng EDSA-Christian Muslim Democrats or Lakas-CMD [Ferdinand Martin ROMUALDEZ]
    Liberal Party or LP [Francis PANGILINAN]
    Nacionalista Party or NP [Manuel "Manny" VILLAR]
    Nationalist People's Coalition or NPC [Eduardo COJUNGCO, Jr.]
    National Unity Party or NUP [Albert GARCIA]
    PDP-Laban [Aquilino PIMENTEL III]
    People's Reform Party or PRP [Narcisco SANTIAGO]
    Puwersa ng Masang Pilipino (Force of the Philippine Masses) or PMP [Joseph ESTRADA]
    United Nationalist Alliance or UNA

  • Pitcairn Islands

    none

  • Poland

    Civic Coalition or KO [Donald TUSK]
    Confederation Liberty and Independence or KWiN [Janusz KORWIN-MIKKE, Robert WINNICKI, Grzegorz BRAUN]
    New Left [Wlodzimierz CZARZASTY]
    German Minority or MN [Ryszard GALLA]
    Kukiz 15 or K15 [Pawel KUKIZ]
    Law and Justice or PiS [Jaroslaw KACZYNSKI]
    TERAZ! (NOW!) [Ryszard PETRU]
    Nowoczesna (Modern) or N [Adam SZLAPKA]
    Poland 2050 or PL2050 [Szymon HOLOWNIA]
    Polish People's Party or PSL [Wladyslaw KOSINIAK-KAMYSZ]
    Razem (Together) [collective leadership]

  • Portugal

    Democratic and Social Center/Popular Party (Partido do Centro Democratico Social-Partido Popular) or CDS-PP [Assuncao CRISTAS]
    Ecologist Party "The Greens" or "Os Verdes" (Partido Ecologista-Os Verdes) or PEV [Heloisa APOLONIA]
    Enough (Chega) [Andre VENTURA]
    Liberal Initiative (Iniciativa Liberal) or IL [Joao COTRIM DE FIGUEIREDO]
    People-Animals-Nature Party (Pessoas-Animais-Natureza) or PAN [Andre SILVA]
    Portuguese Communist Party (Partido Comunista Portugues) or PCP [Jeronimo DE SOUSA]
    Social Democratic Party (Partido Social Democrata) or PSD (original name Partido Popular Democratico) or PPD [Rui RIO]
    Socialist Party (Partido Socialista) or PS [Antonio COSTA]
    The Left Bloc (Bloco de Esquerda) or BE or O Bloco [Catarina MARTINS]
    Unitary Democratic Coalition (Coligacao Democratica Unitaria) or CDU [Jeronimo DE SOUSA] (includes PCP and PEV)

  • Puerto Rico

    National Democratic Party [Charlie RODRIGUEZ]
    National Republican Party of Puerto Rico [Jenniffer GONZALEZ]
    New Progressive Party or PNP [Ricardo ROSSELLO] (pro-US statehood)
    Popular Democratic Party or PPD [Alejandro GARCIA Padillo] (pro-commonwealth)
    Puerto Rican Independence Party or PIP [Ruben BERRIOS Martinez] (pro-independence)

  • Qatar

    political parties are banned

  • Romania

    2020 USR-PLUS Alliance [Dan BARNA and Dacian CIOLOS] (dissolved 16 April 2021)
    Alliance for the Fatherland or APP [Codrin STEFANESCU]
    Alliance for the Unity of Romanians or AUR [George SIMION and Claudiu TARZIU]
    Christian-Democratic National Peasants' Party or PNT-CD [Aurelian PAVELESCU]
    Civic Hungarian Party [Zsolt BIRO]
    Democratic Union of Hungarians in Romania or UDMR [Hunor KELEMEN]
    Ecologist Party of Romania or PER [Danut POP]
    Greater Romania Party or PRM [Victor IOVICI]
    Green Party [Florin CALINESCU]
    Liberal Force [Ludovic ORBAN]
    National Liberal Party or PNL [Florin CITU]
    Our Romania Alliance [Marian MUNTEANU]
    Party of Liberty, Unity, and Solidarity or PLUS [Dacian CIOLOS] (dissolved 16 April 2021)
    Party of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats or ALDE [Calin POPESCU TARICEANU]
    Party of the Humanist Power-Social Liberal or PPU-SL [Daniel IONASCU]
    Party of the Romanian Nation [Ninel PEIA]
    Popular Movement Party or PMP [Cristian DIACONESCU]
    PRO Romania [Victor PONTA]
    Save Romania Union Party or USR [Dacian CIOLOS]
    Social Democratic Party or PSD [Marcel CIOLACU]
    United Romania Party or PRU [Robert BUGA]

  • Russia

    A Just Russia [Sergey MIRONOV]
    Civic Platform or CP [Rifat SHAYKHUTDINOV]
    Communist Party of the Russian Federation or CPRF [Gennadiy ZYUGANOV]
    Liberal Democratic Party of Russia or LDPR [Vladimir ZHIRINOVSKIY]
    New People  [Alexey NECHAYEV]
    Party of Growth [Irina MIRONOVA]
    Rodina [Aleksei ZHURAVLYOV]
    United Russia [Dmitriy MEDVEDEV]

    note: 31 political parties are registered with Russia's Ministry of Justice (as of September 2021); 14 participated in the 2021 election, but only 8 parties maintain representation in Russia's national legislature

  • Rwanda

    Democratic Green Party of Rwanda or DGPR [Frank HABINEZA]
    Liberal Party or PL [Donatille MUKABALISA]
    Party for Progress and Concord or PPC [Dr. Alivera MUKABARAMBA]
    Party Imberakuri or PS-Imberakuri [Christine MUKABUNANI]
    Rwandan Patriotic Front or RPF [Paul KAGAME]
    Rwandan Patriotic Front Coalition (includes RPF, PPC) [Paul KAGAME]
    Social Democratic Party or PSD [Vincent BIRUTA]

  • Saint Barthelemy

    All for Saint Barth (Tous pour Saint-Barth) [Bettina COINTRE]
    Saint Barth Essential (Saint-Barth Autrement) [Marie-Helene BERNIER]
    Saint Barth First! (Saint-Barth d'Abord!) or SBA [Bruno MAGRAS] (affiliated with France's Republican party, Les Republicans)
    Saint Barth United (Unis pour Saint-Barthelemy) [Xavier LEDEE]

  • Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

    none

  • Saint Kitts and Nevis

    Concerned Citizens Movement or CCM [Mark BRANTLEY]
    Nevis Reformation Party or NRP [Joseph PARRY]
    People's Action Movement or PAM [Shawn RICHARDS]
    People's Labour Party or PLP [Dr. Timothy HARRIS]
    Saint Kitts and Nevis Labor Party or SKNLP [Dr. Denzil DOUGLAS]

  • Saint Lucia

    Lucian People's Movement or LPM [Therold PRUDENT]
    Saint Lucia Labor Party or SLP [Philip J. PIERRE]
    United Workers Party or UWP [Allen CHASTANET]

  • Saint Martin

    Continuons pour St. Martin [Aline HANSON]
    En marche vers le progres or MVP [Alain RICHARDSON]
    Gereration Hope or HOPE [Jules CHARVILLE]
    Movement for Justice and Prosperity or MJP [Louis MUSSINGTON]
    New Direction [Jeanne VANTERPOOL]
    Rally Responsibility Success (Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]
    Team Daniel Gibbs 2017 or TDG [Daniel GIBBS]
    Union for Progress (Union Pour le Progres or UPP) [Louis-Constant FLEMING]; affiliated with UMP

  • Saint Pierre and Miquelon

    Archipelago Tomorrow or AD (affiliated with UMP)
    Cap sur l'Avenir [Annick GIRARDIN] (affiliated with Left Radical Party)
    Togerther for the Future (Ensemble pour l'Avenir) (affiliated with PRG) SPM ensemble

  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

    Democratic Republican Party or DRP [Anesia BAPTISTE]
    New Democratic Party or NDP [Godwin L. FRIDAY]
    Unity Labor Party or ULP [Dr. Ralph GONSALVES] (formed in 1994 by the coalition of Saint Vincent Labor Party or SVLP and the Movement for National Unity or MNU)
    SVG Green Party or SVGP [Ivan O'NEAL]

  • Samoa

    Human Rights Protection Party or HRPP [TUILA'EPA Sailele Malielegaoi]
    Fa'atuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi or FAST [FIAME Naomi Mata'afa]
    Tautua Samoa Party or TSP [Afualo Wood Uti SALELE]

  • San Marino

    Civic 10 [Franco SANTI]
    Domani - Modus Liberi or DML [Lorenzo Forcellini REFFI]
    Free San Marino or Libera
    Future Republic or RF [Mario VENTURINI]
    I Elect for a New Republic
    Party of Socialists and Democrats or PSD [Paride ANDREOLI]
    RETE Movement
    Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Marco GATTI]
    Socialist Party or PS [Alessandro BEVITORI]
    Tomorrow in Movement coalition (includes RETE Movement, DML)
    We for the Republic

  • Sao Tome and Principe

    Force for Democratic Change Movement or MDFM [Fradique Bandeira Melo DE MENEZES]
    Independent Democratic Action or ADI [vacant]
    Movement for the Liberation of Sao Tome and Principe-Social Democratic Party or MLSTP-PSD [Aurelio MARTINS]
    Party for Democratic Convergence-Reflection Group or PCD-GR [Leonel Mario D'ALVA]
    other small parties

  • Saudi Arabia

    none

  • Senegal

    Alliance for the Republic-Yakaar or APR-Yakaar [Macky SALL]
    Alliance of Forces of Progress or AFP [Moustapha NIASSE]
    Alliance for Citizenship and Labor or ACT [Abdoul MBAYE]
    And-Jef/African Party for Democracy and Socialism or AJ/PADS [Mamadou DIOP Decriox]
    Benno Bokk Yakaar or BBY (United in Hope) [Macky SALL] (coalition includes AFP, APR, BGC, LD-MPT, PIT, PS, and UNP)
    Bokk Gis Gis coalition [Pape DIOP]
    Citizen Movement for National Reform or MCRN-Bes Du Nakk [Mansour Sy DJAMIL]
    Democratic League-Labor Party Movement or LD-MPT [Abdoulaye BATHILY]
    Dare the Future movement [Aissata Tall SALL]
    Front for Socialism and Democracy/Benno Jubel or FSD/BJ [Cheikh Abdoulaye Bamba DIEYE]
    Gainde Centrist Bloc or BGC [Jean-Paul DIAS]
    General Alliance for the Interests of the Republic or AGIR [Thierno BOCOUM]
    Grand Party or GP [Malick GAKOU]
    Independence and Labor Party or PIT [Magatte THIAM]
    Madicke 2019 coalition [Madicke NIANG]
    National Union for the People or UNP [Souleymane Ndene NDIAYE]
    Only Senegal movement [Pierre Goudiaby ATEPA]
    Party for Truth and Development or PVD [Cheikh Ahmadou Kara MBAKE]
    Party of Unity and Rally or PUR [El Hadji SALL]
    Patriotic Convergence Kaddu Askan Wi or CP-Kaddu Askan Wi [Abdoulaye BALDE]
    Patriots of Senegal for Ethics, Work and Fraternity or (PASTEF) [Ousmane SONKO]
    Rewmi Party [Idrissa SECK]
    Senegalese Democratic Party or PDS [Abdoulaye WADE]
    Socialist Party or PS [Ousmane Tanor DIENG]
    Tekki Movement [Mamadou Lamine DIALLO]

  • Serbia

    Albanian Democratic Alternative (coalition of ethnic Albanian parties) Shaip KAMBERI
    Alliance of Vojvodina Hungarians or SVM [Istvan PASZTOR]
    Democratic Party or DS [Zoran LUTOVAC]
    Democratic Party of Macedonians or DPM [Nenad KRSTESKI]
    Democratic Party of Serbia or DSS [Milos JOVANOVIC]
    Dveri [Bosko OBRADOVIC]
    For Our Children (electoral alliance includes SNS, PS, PUPS, PSS, SNP, SPO, NSS) [Aleksandar VUCIC]
    Justice and Reconciliation Party or SPP [Usame ZUKORLIC] (formerly Bosniak Democratic Union of Sandzak or BDZS)
    Movement of Socialists or PS [Aleksandar VULIN]
    Party of Democratic Action of the Sandzak or SDA [Sulejman UGLJANIN]
    Party of United Pensioners of Serbia or PUPS [Milan KRKOBABIC]
    People's Party or NARODNA [Vuk JEREMIC]
    People's Peasant Party or NSS [Marijan RISTICEVIC]
    Serbian Patriotic Alliance or SPAS [Aleksandar SAPIC] (merged into SNS)
    Serbian People's Party or SNP [Nenad POPOVIC]
    Serbian Progressive Party or SNS [Aleksandar VUCIC]
    Serbian Radical Party or SRS [Vojislav SESELJ]
    Serbian Renewal Movement or SPO [Vuk DRASKOVIC]
    Social Democratic Party or SDS [Boris TADIC]
    Social Democratic Party of Serbia or SDPS [Rasim LJAJIC]
    Socialist Party of Serbia or SPS [Ivica DACIC]
    Straight Ahead (electoral coalition includes SPP, DPM)
    Strength of Serbia or PSS [Bogoljub KARIC]
    Together for Serbia or ZZS [Nebojsa ZELENOVIC]
    United Serbia or JS [Dragan MARKOVIC]

    note: Serbia has more than 110 registered political parties and citizens' associations

  • Seychelles

    Lafors Seselwa Demokratik  or LSD [Martin AGLAE]
    One Seychelles [Alain St. ANGE]
    Seselwa (Seychelles) United Party or SUP [Robert ERNESTA] (formerly the New Democratic Party or NDP)
    Seychelles National Party or SNP [Wavel RAMKALAWAN] (formerly the United Opposition or UO)
    Seychelles Party for Social Justice and Democracy or SPSD [Alexia AMESBURY]
    Seychelles Patriotic Movement or SPM [Vincent LARUER]
    Seychelloise Alliance (Lalyans Seselwa) [Patrick PILLAY]
    Seychellois Democratic Alliance (Linyon Demokratik Seselwa) or LDS [Roger MANCIENNE] (includes SNP, SPSD, and SUP)
    United Seychelles or US [Vincent MERITON] (formerly People's Party (Parti Lepep) or PL; (formerly SPPF)

  • Sierra Leone

    All People's Congress or APC [Ernest Bai KOROMA]
    Coalition for Change or C4C [Tamba R. SANDY]
    National Grand Coalition or NGC [Dr. Dennis BRIGHT]
    Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP [Dr. Prince HARDING]
    numerous other parties

  • Singapore

    National Solidarity Party or NSP [Spencer NG]
    People's Action Party or PAP [LEE Hsien Loong]
    People's Power Party or (PPP) [Goh Meng SENG]
    People's Voice or PV [Lim TEAN]
    Progress Singapore Party or PSP [Francis YUENT]
    Red Dot United or RDU [Ravi PHILEMON]
    Reform Party or RP [Kenneth JEYARETNAM]
    Singapore Democratic Alliance or SDA [Abu MOHAMED]
    Singapore Democratic Party or SDP [Dr. CHEE Soon Juan]
    Singapore People's Party or SPP [Steve Chia]
    Workers' Party or WP [Pritam SINGH] (2021)

  • Sint Maarten

    National Alliance or NA [William MARLIN]
    Party for Progress or PFP [Melissa GUMBS]
    Sint Maarten Christian Party or SMCP [Wycliffe SMITH]
    United Democrats Party or UD [Theodore HEYLIGER]
    United Peoples Party or UP [NA]
    United Sint Maarten Party or US Party [Frans RICHARDSON]

  • Slovakia

    Alliance-Szovetseg [Krisztian FORRO]
    Direction-Social Democracy or Smer-SD [Robert FICO]
    For the People or Za Ludi [Veronika REMISOVA]
    Freedom and Solidarity or SaS [Richard SULIK]
    Kotleba-People's Party Our Slovakia or LSNS [Marian KOTLEBA]
    Ordinary People and Independent Personalities - New Majority or OLaNO-NOVA [Igor MATOVIC]
    Slovak National Party or SNS [Andrej DANKO]
    Voice or Hlas-SD [Petr PELLIGRINI]
    We Are Family or Sme-Rodina [Boris KOLLAR]

  • Slovenia

    Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia or DeSUS [Aleksandra PIVEC]
    List of Marjan Sarec or LMS [Marjan SAREC]
    Modern Center Party or SMC [Miro CERAR]
    New Slovenia or NSi [Matej TONIN]
    Party of Alenka Bratusek or Stranka AB [Alenka BRATUSEK] (formerly Alliance of Social Liberal Democrats or ZSD and before that Alliance of Alenka Bratusek or ZaAB)
    Slovenian Democratic Party or SDS [Janez JANSA]
    Slovenian National Party or SNS [Zmago JELINCIC Plemeniti]
    Social Democrats or SD [Dejan ZIDAN]
    The Left or Levica [Luka MESEC] (successor to United Left or ZL)

  • Solomon Islands

    Democratic Alliance Party or DAP [Steve ABANA]
    Kadere Party of Solomon Islands or KPSI [Peter BOYERS]
    People's Alliance Party or PAP [Nathaniel WAENA]
    Solomon Islands People First Party or SIPFP [Dr. Jimmie RODGERS]
    Solomon Islands Party for Rural Advancement or SIPRA [Manasseh MAELANGA]
    United Democratic Party or UDP [Sir Thomas Ko CHAN]

    note: in general, Solomon Islands politics is characterized by fluid coalitions

  • Somalia

    Cosmopolitan Democratic Party [Yarow Sharef ADEN]
    Daljir Party or DP [Hassan MOALIM]
    Democratic Green Party of Somalia or DGPS [Abdullahi Y. MAHAMOUD]
    Democratic Party of Somalia or DPS [Maslah Mohamed SIAD]
    Green Leaf for Democracy or GLED
    Hiil Qaran
    Justice and Communist Party [Mohamed NUR]
    Justice and Development of Democracy and Self-Respectfulness Party or CAHDI [Abdirahman Abdigani IBRAHIM Bile]
    Justice Party [SAKARIYE Haji]
    Liberal Party of Somalia
    National Democratic Party [Abdirashid ALI]
    National Unity Party (Xisbiga MIdnimo-Quaran) [Abdurahman BAADIYOW]
    Peace and Development Party or PDP
    Somali Green Party (local chapter of Federation of Green Parties of Africa)
    Somali National Party or SNP [Mohammed Ameen Saeed AHMED]
    Somali People's Party [Salad JEELE]
    Somali Society Unity Party [Yasin MAALIM]
    Tayo or TPP [Mohamed Abdullahi MOHAMED]
    Tiir Party [Fadhil Sheik MOHAMUD]
    Union for Peace and Development or UPD [HASSAN SHEIKH Mohamud]
    United and Democratic Party [FAUZIA Haji]
    United Somali Parliamentarians
    United Somali Republican Party [Ali TIMA-JLIC]
    inactive: Alliance for the Reliberation of Somalia; reportedly inactive since 2009

  • South Africa

    African Christian Democratic Party or ACDP [Kenneth MESHOE]
    African Independent Congress or AIC [Mandla GALO]
    African National Congress or ANC [Cyril RAMAPHOSA]
    African People's Convention or APC [Themba GODI]
    Agang SA [Mike TSHISHONGA]
    Congress of the People or COPE [Mosiuoa LEKOTA]
    Democratic Alliance or DA [John STEENHUISEN]
    Economic Freedom Fighters or EFF [Julius Sello MALEMA]
    Freedom Front Plus or FF+ [Pieter GROENEWALD]
    GOOD [Patricia de LILLE]
    Inkatha Freedom Party or IFP [Mangosuthu BUTHELEZI]
    National Freedom Party or NFP [Zanele kaMAGWAZA-MSIBI]
    Pan-Africanist Congress of Azania or PAC [Luthanado MBINDA]
    United Christian Democratic Party or UCDP [Isaac Sipho MFUNDISI]
    United Democratic Movement or UDM [Bantu HOLOMISA]

  • South Sudan

    Sudan People's Liberation Movement or SPLM [Salva KIIR Mayardit]
    Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-In Opposition or SPLM-IO [Riek MACHAR Teny Dhurgon]
    Sudan People’s Liberation Movement-Former Detainees [Rebecca Nyandeng Chol GARANG de Mabior]
    South Sudan Opposition Alliance or SSOA [Hussein ABDELBAGI Ayii] (2021)

  • Spain

    Asturias Forum or FAC [Carmen MORIYON]
    Basque Country Unite (Euskal Herria Bildu) or EH Bildu (coalition of 4 Basque pro-independence parties)
    Basque Nationalist Party or PNV or EAJ [Andoni ORTUZAR]
    Canarian Coalition or CC [Ana ORAMAS] (coalition of 5 parties)
    Junts per Catalunia or JxCat  [Carles PUIDGEMONT]
    Ciudadanos Party or C's [Ines ARRIMADAS]
    Compromis - Communist Coalition [Joan BALDOVI]
    New Canary or NCa [Pedro QUEVEDOS]
    Unidas Podemos [Ione BELARRA] (formerly Podemos IU; electoral coalition formed for May 2016 election)
    People's Party or PP [Pablo CASADO]
    Republican Left of Catalonia or ERC [Oriol JUNQUERAS i Vies]
    Spanish Socialist Workers Party or PSOE [Pedro SANCHEZ]
    JxCat-Junts Together for Catalonia [Jordi SANCHEZ]
    Union of People of Navarra or UPN [Javier ESPARZA]
    Navarra Suma (electoral Coaltion formed by Navarrese People's Union (UPN), Ciudadanos (C's), and the Popular Partty (PP) ahead of the 2019 election)
    Vox or Vox [Santiago ABASCAL]

  • Sri Lanka

    Crusaders for Democracy [Ganeshalingam CHANDRALINGAM]
    Eelam People's Democratic Party or EPDP [Douglas DEVANANDA]
    Eelam People's Revolutionary Liberation Front [Suresh PREMACHANDRAN]
    Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna or JVP [Anura Kumara DISSANAYAKE]
    Jathika Hela Urumaya or JHU [Karunarathna PARANAWITHANA, Ven. Hadigalle Wimalasara THERO]
    National Peoples Power or JVP [Anura Kumara DISSANAYAKE]
    Samagi Jana Balawegaya or SJB [Sajith PREMADASA]
    Sri Lanka Freedom Party or SLFP [Maithripala SIRISENA]
    Sri Lanka Muslim Congress or SLMC [Rauff HAKEEM]
    Sri Lanka People's Freedom Alliance [Mahinda RAJAPAKSA]
    Sri Lanka Podujana Peramuna or SLPP [G. L. PEIRIS]
    Tamil National Alliance or TNA [Rajavarothiam SAMPANTHAN] (alliance includes Illankai Tamil Arasu Kachchi [Mavai SENATHIRAJAH], People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam [D. SIDDARTHAN], Tamil Eelam Liberation Organization [Selvam ADAIKALANATHAN])
    Tamil National People's Front [Gajendrakumar PONNAMBALAM]
    United National Front for Good Governance or UNFGG [Ranil WICKREMESINGHE] (coalition includes JHU, UNP)
    United National Party or UNP [Ranil WICKREMESINGHE]
    United People's Freedom Alliance or UPFA [Maithripala SIRISENA] (coalition includes SLFP)

  • Sudan

    Democratic Unionist Party or DUP [Jalal al-DIGAIR]
    Democratic Unionist Party [Muhammad Uthman al-MIRGHANI]
    Federal Umma Party [Dr. Ahmed Babikir NAHAR]
    Muslim Brotherhood or MB
    National Congress Party or NCP (in November 2019, Sudan's transitional government approved a law to "dismantle" the regime of former President Omar al-Bashir, including the dissolution of his political party, the NCP)
    National Umma Party or NUP [Saddiq al-MAHDI]
    Popular Congress Party or PCP [Hassan al-TURABI]
    Reform Movement Now [Dr. Ghazi Salahuddin al-ATABANI]Sudan National Front [Ali Mahmud HASANAYN]
    Sudanese Communist Party or SCP [Mohammed Moktar Al-KHATEEB]
    Sudanese Congress Party or SCoP [Ibrahim Al-SHEIKH]
    Umma Party for Reform and Development
    Unionist Movement Party or UMP

  • Suriname

    Alternative Combination or A-Com (coalition includes ABOP, KTPI, Party for Democracy and Development)
    Brotherhood and Unity in Politics or BEP [Celsius WATERBERG]
    Democratic Alternative '91 or DA91 [Angelique DEL CASTILLO]
    General Liberation and Development Party or ABOP [Ronnie BRUNSWIJK}
    National Democratic Party or NDP [Desire Delano BOUTERSE]
    National Party of Suriname or NPS [Gregory RUSLAND]
    Party for Democracy and Development in Unity or DOE [Carl BREEVELD]
    Party for National Unity and Solidarity or KTPI [Willy SOEMITA]
    People's Alliance (Pertjaja Luhur) or PL [Paul SOMOHARDJO]
    Progressive Workers' and Farmers' Union or PALU [Jim HOK]
    Progressive Reform Party or VHP [Chandrikapersad SANTOKHI]
    Reform and Renewal Movement or HVB
    Surinamese Labor Party or SPA [Guno CASTELEN]

  • Svalbard

    Svalbard Conservative Party [Kjetil FIGENSCHOU]
    Svalbard Green Party [Pal BERG]
    Svalbard Labor Party [Arild OLSEN]
    Svalbard Liberal Party [Terie AUVENIK]
    Svalbard Progress Party [Jorn DYBDAHL]

  • Sweden

    Center Party (Centerpartiet) or C [Annie LOOF]
    Christian Democrats (Kristdemokraterna) or KD [Ebba BUSCH]
    Green Party (Miljopartiet de Grona) or MP [Marta STEVENI and Per BOLUND]
    Left Party (Vansterpartiet) or V [Nooshi DADGOSTAR]
    Liberal Party (Liberalerna) or L [Nyamko SABUNI]
    Moderate Party (Moderaterna) or M [Ulf KRISTERSSON]
    Swedish Social Democratic Party (Socialdemokraterna) or SAP [Magdalena ANDERSSON]
    Sweden Democrats (Sverigedemokraterna) or SD [Jimmie AKESSON]

  • Switzerland

    Free Democratic Party or FDP.The Liberals (FDP.Die Liberalen, PLR.Les Liberaux-Radicaux, PLR.I Liberali, Ils Liberals) [Petra GOESSI]
    Green Liberal Party (Gruenliberale Partei or GLP, Parti vert liberale or PVL, Partito Verde-Liberale or PVL, Partida Verde Liberale or PVL) [Juerg GROSSEN]
    Green Party (Gruene Partei der Schweiz or Gruene, Parti Ecologiste Suisse or Les Verts, Partito Ecologista Svizzero or I Verdi, Partida Ecologica Svizra or La Verda) [Regula RYTZ]
    Social Democratic Party (Sozialdemokratische Partei der Schweiz or SP, Parti Socialiste Suisse or PSS, Partito Socialista Svizzero or PSS, Partida Socialdemocratica de la Svizra or PSS) [Christian LEVRAT]
    Swiss People's Party (Schweizerische Volkspartei or SVP, Union Democratique du Centre or UDC, Unione Democratica di Centro or UDC, Uniun Democratica dal Center or UDC) [Albert ROESTI]
    other minor parties
    The Center (Die Mitte, Alleanza del Centro, Le Centre, Allianza dal Center) [Gerhard PFISTER] (merger of the Christian Democratic People's Party and the Conservative Democratic Party)

  • Syria

    legal parties/alliances:
     Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party [Bashar al-ASAD, regional secretary]
    Arab Socialist Renaissance (Ba'th) Party [President Bashar al-ASAD]
    Arab Socialist Union of Syria or ASU [Safwan al-QUDSI]
    Democratic Arab Socialist Union [Hassan Abdul AZIM, general secretary] 
    National Progressive Front or NPF [Bashar al-ASAD, Suleiman QADDAH] (alliance includes Arab Socialist Renaissance (Ba'th) Party, Socialist Unionist Democratic Party)
    Socialist Unionist Party [Fayiz ISMAIL]
    Socialist Unionist Democratic Party [Fadlallah Nasr al-DIN]
    Syrian Communist Party (two branches) [Wissal Farha BAKDASH, Yusuf Rashid FAYSAL]
    Syrian Social Nationalist Party or SSNP [Ali HAIDAR]
    Unionist Socialist Party [Fayez ISMAIL]

    Major Kurdish parties     
    Kurdish Democratic Union Party or PYD [Shahoz HASAN and Aysha HISSO]
    Kurdish National Council [Sa'ud MALA]
     
    other: Syrian Democratic Party [Mustafa QALAAJI]

  • Taiwan

    Democratic Progressive Party or DPP [TSAI Ing-wen]
    Kuomintang or KMT (Nationalist Party) [CHU Chi-luan, aka Eric CHU]
    Taiwan People's Party or TPP [KO Wen-je]
    New Power Party or NPP [KAO Yu-ting]
    Taiwan Statebuilding Party or TSP [CHEN Yi-chi] (2021)

  • Tajikistan

    Agrarian Party of Tajikistan or APT [Rustam LATIFZODA]
    Communist Party of Tajikistan or CPT [Miroj ABDULLOEV]
    Democratic Party of Tajikistan or DPT [Saidjafar USMONZODA]
    Party of Economic Reform of Tajikistan or PERT [Rustam OUDRATOV]
    People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan or PDPT [Emomali RAHMON]
    Social Democratic Party of Tajikistan or SDPT [Qiyomiddin AZIZOV]
    Socialist Party of Tajikistan or SPT [Abduhalim GHAFFOROV]

  • Tanzania

    Alliance for Change and Transparency (Wazalendo) or ACT [Zitto KABWE]
    Alliance for Democratic Change or ADC [Miraji ABDALLAH]
    Civic United Front (Chama Cha Wananchi) or CUF [Ibrahim LIPUMBA]
    National Convention for Construction and Reform-Mageuzi or NCCR-M [James Francis MBATIA]
    National League for Democracy
    Party of Democracy and Development (Chama Cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo) or Chadema [Freeman MBOWE]
    Revolutionary Party (Chama Cha Mapinduzi) or CCM [John MAGUFULI]
    Tanzania Labor Party or TLP [Augustine MREMA]
    United Democratic Party or UDP [John Momose CHEYO]



    note: in March 2014, four opposition parties (CUF, CHADEMA, NCCR-Mageuzi, and NLD) united to form Coalition for the People's Constitution (Umoja wa Katiba ya Wananchi) or UKAWA; during local elections held in October, 2014, UKAWA entered one candidate representing the three parties united in the coalition

  • Thailand

    Action Coalition of Thailand Party or ACT [TAWEESAK Na Takuathung (acting); CHATUMONGKHON Sonakun resigned June 2020]
    Chat Phatthana Party (National Development Party) [THEWAN Liptaphanlop]
    Chat Thai Phatthana Party (Thai Nation Development Party) or CTP [KANCHANA Sinlapa-acha]
    New Economics Party or NEP [MINGKHWAN Sangsuwan]
    Move Forward Party or MFP (formed in 2020 from the disbanded Future Forward Party, FPP) [PHITHA Limcharoenrat]
    Phalang Pracharat Party or PPP [PRAWIT Wongsuwan]
    Phumchai Thai Party (Thai Pride Party) or PJT [ANUTHIN Chanwirakun]
    Prachachat Party of PCC [WAN Muhamad NOOR Matha]
    Prachathipat Party (Democrat Party) or DP [CHURIN Laksanawisit]
    Puea Chat Party (For Nation Party) or PCP [SONGKHRAM Kitletpairot]
    Puea Thai Party (For Thais Party) or PTP [CHONLANON Sikaew]
    Puea Tham Party (For Dharma Party) [NALINI Thawisin]
    Seri Ruam Thai Party (Thai Liberal Party) or TLP [SERIPHISUT Temiyawet]
    Thai Forest Conservation Party or TFCP [DAMRONG Phidet]
    Thai Local Power Party or TLP [collective leadership]
    Thai Raksa Chat Party (Thai National Preservation Party) [PRICHAPHON Phongpanit]

    note: as of 5 April 2018, 98 new parties applied to be registered with the Election Commission in accordance with the provisions of the new organic law on political parties

  • Timor-Leste

    Alliance for Change and Progress or AMP [Xanana GUSMAO] (collapsed in 2020; alliance included CNRT, KHUNTO, PLP)
    Democratic Development Forum or DDF
    Democratic Party or PD [Mariano Assanami SABINO]
    Frenti-Mudanca [Jose Luis GUTERRES]
    Kmanek Haburas Unidade Nasional Timor Oan or KHUNTO [Jose do Santos NAIMORI Bucar]
    National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction or CNRT [Kay Rala Xanana GUSMAO]
    People's Liberation Party or PLP [Taur Matan RUAK]
    Revolutionary Front of Independent Timor-Leste or FRETILIN [Mari ALKATIRI]

  • Togo

    Action Committee for Renewal or CAR [Yaovi AGBOYIBO]
    Alliance of Democrats for Integral Development or ADDI [Tchaboure GOGUE]
    Democratic Convention of African Peoples or CDPA [Brigitte ADJAMAGBO-JOHNSON]
    Democratic Forces for the Republic or FDR [Dodji APEVON]
    National Alliance for Change or ANC [Jean-Pierre FABRE]
    New Togolese Commitment [Gerry TAAMA]
    Pan-African National Party or PNP [Tikpi ATCHADAM]
    Pan-African Patriotic Convergence or CPP [Edem KODJO]
    Patriotic Movement for Democracy and Development or MPDD [Agbeyome KODJO]
    Socialist Pact for Renewal or PSR [Abi TCHESSA]
    The Togolese Party [Nathaniel OLYMPIO]
    Union of Forces for Change or UFC [Gilchrist OLYMPIO]
    Union for the Republic or UNIR [Faure GNASSINGBE]

  • Tokelau

    none

  • Tonga

    Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands
    People's Democratic Party or PDP [Tesina FUKO]
    Sustainable Nation-Building Party [Sione FONUA]
    Tonga Democratic Labor Party
    Tonga Human Rights and Democracy Movement or THRDM
    Tonga People's Party or PAK (Paati ʻa e Kakai ʻo Tonga) [Pohiva TU'I'ONETOA] (split from Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands)

  • Trinidad and Tobago

    Congress of the People or COP [Carolyn SEEPERSAD-BACHAN]
    People's National Movement or PNM [Keith ROWLEY]
    Progressive Democratic Patriots (Tobago)
    United National Congress or UNC [Kamla PERSAD-BISSESSAR]

  • Tunisia

    Afek Tounes [Yassine BRAHIM]Al Badil Al-Tounisi (The Tunisian Alternative) [Mehdi JOMAA]
    Call for Tunisia Party (Nidaa Tounes) [Hafedh CAID ESSEBSI]
    Congress for the Republic Party or CPR [Imed DAIMI]
    Current of Love [Hachemi HAMDI] (formerly the Popular Petition party)
    Democratic Alliance Party [Mohamed HAMDI]
    Democratic Current [Mohamed ABBOU]
    Democratic Patriots' Unified Party [Zied LAKHDHAR]
    Dignity Coalition [Seifeddine MAKHIOUF]
    Free Destourian Party [Abir MOUSSI]
    Free Patriotic Union (Union patriotique libre) or UPL  [Slim RIAHI]
    Green Tunisia Party [Abdelkader ZITOUNI]
    Heart of Tunisia (Qalb Tounes)
    Irada Movement
    Long Live Tunisia (Tahya Tounes) [Youssef CHAHED]
    Machrou Tounes (Tunisia Project) [Mohsen MARZOUK]
    Movement of Socialist Democrats or MDS [Ahmed KHASKHOUSSI]
    Ennahda Movement (The Renaissance) [Rachid GHANNOUCHI]
    National Destourian Initiative or El Moubadra [Kamel MORJANE]
    Party of the Democratic Arab Vanguard [Ahmed JEDDICK, Kheireddine SOUABNI]
    People's Movement [Zouheir MAGHZAOUI]
    Popular Front (coalition includes Democratic Patriots' Unified Party, Workers' Party, Green Tunisia, Tunisian Ba'ath Movement, Party of the Democratic Arab Vanguard)
    Republican Party [Maya JRIBI]
    Tunisian Ba'ath Movement [OMAR Othman BELHADJ]
    Tunisia First (Tunis Awlan) [Ridha BELHAJ]
    Workers' Party [Hamma HAMMAMI]

  • Turkey

    Democracy and Progress Party [Ali BABACAN]
    Democrat Party or DP [Gultekin UYSAL]
    Democratic Regions Party or DBP [Saliha AYDENIZ, Keskin BAYINDIR]
    Felicity Party (Saadet Party) or SP [Temel KARAMOLLAOGLU]
    Free Cause Party or HUDAPAR [Zekeriya YAPICIOGLU]
    Future Party [Ahmet DAVUTOGLU]
    IYI Party [Meral AKSENER]
    Grand Unity Party or BBP [Mustafa DESTICI]
    Justice and Development Party or AKP [Recep Tayyip ERDOGAN]
    Nation Alliance (CHP, IYI, SP, DP) (electoral alliance)
    Nationalist Movement Party or MHP [Devlet BAHCELI]
    People's Alliance (AKP, MHP, BBP) (electoral alliance)
    Patriotic Party or VP [Dogu PERINCEK]
    Peoples' Democratic Party or HDP [Pervin BULDAN, Mithat SANCAR]
    Republican People's Party or CHP [Kemal KILICDAROGLU]

    note:  as of September 2021, 116 political parties were legally registered

  • Turkmenistan

    Agrarian Party of Turkmenistan or APT [Basim ANNAGURBANOW]
    Democratic Party of Turkmenistan or DPT [Ata SERDAROW]
    Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs or PIE [Saparmyrat OWGANOW]

    note: all of these parties support President BERDIMUHAMEDOW; a law authorizing the registration of political parties went into effect in January 2012; unofficial, small opposition movements exist abroad

  • Turks and Caicos Islands

    People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Sean ASTWOOD]
    Progressive National Party or PNP [Washington MISICK]

  • Tuvalu

    there are no political parties but members of parliament usually align themselves in informal groupings

  • Uganda

    Alliance for National Transformation or ANT [Ms. Alice ALASO, acting national coordinator]; note - Mugisha MUNTU resigned his position as ANT national coordinator in late June 2020 to run in the 2021 presidential election
    Activist Party [Stephen BAMPIGGA]
    Democratic Party or DP [Norbert MAO]
    Conservative Party [Walyemera Daniel MASUMBA]
    Forum for Democratic Change or FDC [Patrick Oboi AMURIAT]
    Justice Forum or JEEMA [Asuman BASALIRWA]
    National Resistance Movement or NRM [Yoweri MUSEVENI]
    Uganda People's Congress or UPC [James AKENA]
    National Unity Platform [Nkonge KIBALAMA]

  • Ukraine

    Batkivshchyna (Fatherland) [Yuliya TYMOSHENKO]
    European Solidarity (BPP-Solidarity) [Petro POROSHENKO]
    Holos (Voice) [Kira RUDYK]
    Opposition Bloc or OB [Evgeny MURAYEV]
    Opposition Platform-For Life [Yuriy BOYKO, Vadim RABINOVICH]
    Radical Party [Oleh LYASHKO]
    Samopomich (Self Reliance) [Andriy SADOVYY]
    Servant of the People [Oleksandr KORNIENKO]
    Svoboda (Freedom) [Oleh TYAHNYBOK]

  • United Arab Emirates

    none; political parties are banned

  • United Kingdom

    Alliance Party (Northern Ireland) [Naomi LONG] 
    Conservative and Unionist Party [Boris JOHNSON]
    Democratic Unionist Party or DUP (Northern Ireland) [Jeffrey DONALDSON]
    Green Party of England and Wales or Greens [Sian BERRY and Jonathan BARTLEY]
    Labor (Labour) Party [Sir Keir STARMER]
    Liberal Democrats (Lib Dems) [Ed Davey]
    Party of Wales (Plaid Cymru) [Adam PRICE]
    Scottish National Party or SNP [Nicola STURGEON]
    Sinn Fein (Northern Ireland) [Mary Lou MCDONALD]
    Social Democratic and Labor Party or SDLP (Northern Ireland) [Colum EASTWOOD]
    Ulster Unionist Party or UUP (Northern Ireland) [Robin SWANN]
    UK Independence Party or UKIP [Pat MOUNTAIN, interim leader]

  • United States

    Democratic Party [Tom PEREZ]
    Green Party [collective leadership]
    Libertarian Party [Nicholas SARWARK]
    Republican Party [Ronna Romney MCDANIEL]

  • Uruguay

    Broad Front or FA (Frente Amplio) [Javier MIRANDA] - (a broad governing coalition that includes Uruguay Assembly [Danilo ASTORI], Progressive Alliance [Rodolfo NIN NOVOA], New Space [Rafael MICHELINI], Socialist Party [Monica XAVIER], Vertiente Artiguista [Enrique RUBIO], Christian Democratic Party [Jorge RODRIGUEZ], For the People’s Victory [Luis PUIG], Popular Participation Movement (MPP) [Jose MUJICA], Broad Front Commitment [Raul SENDIC], Big House [Constanza MOREIRA], Communist Party [Marcos CARAMBULA], The Federal League [Dario PEREZ]
    Colorado Party (including Vamos Uruguay (or Let's Go Uruguay), Open Space [Tabare VIERA], and Open Batllism [Ope PASQUET])
    Independent Party [Pablo MIERES]
    National Party or Blanco (including Everyone [Luis LACALLE POU] and National Alliance [Jorge LARRANAGA])
    Popular Unity [Gonzalo ABELLA]
    Open Cabildo [Guido MANINI RIOS]

  • Uzbekistan

    Ecological Party of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Ekologik Partivasi) [Narzullo OBLOMURODOV]
    Justice (Adolat) Social Democratic Party of Uzbekistan [Bahrom ABDUHALIMOV]
    Liberal Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Liberal-Demokratik Partiyasi) or LDPU [Aktam HAITOV]
    National Revival Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (O'zbekiston Milliy Tiklanish Demokratik Partiyasi) [Alisher QODIROV]
    People's Democratic Party of Uzbekistan (Xalq Demokratik Partiyas) or PDP [Ulugbek Ilyosovich INOYATOV] (formerly Communist Party)

  • Vanuatu

    Greens Confederation or GC [Moana CARCASSES Kalosil]
    Iauko Group or IG [Tony NARI]
    Land and Justice Party (Graon mo Jastis Pati) or GJP [Ralph REGENVANU]
    Melanesian Progressive Party or MPP [Barak SOPE]
    Nagriamel movement or NAG [Frankie STEVENS]
    Natatok Indigenous People's Democratic Party or (NATATOK) or NIPDP [Alfred Roland CARLOT]
    National United Party or NUP [Ham LINI]
    People's Progressive Party or PPP [Sato KILMAN]
    People's Service Party or PSP [Don KEN]
    Reunification of Movement for Change or RMC [Charlot SALWAI]
    Rural Development Party or RDP [Jay NGWELE, spokesman]
    Union of Moderate Parties or UMP [Serge VOHOR]
    Vanua'aku Pati (Our Land Party) or VP [Edward NATAPEI]
    Vanuatu Democratic Party [Maxime Carlot KORMAN]
    Vanuatu First or Vanuatu [Russel NARI]
    Vanuatu Liberal Movement or VLM [Gaetan PIKIOUNE]
    Vanuatu Liberal Democratic Party or VLDP [Tapangararua WILLIE]
    Vanuatu National Party or VNP [Issac HAMARILIU]
    Vanuatu National Development Party or VNDP [Robert Bohn SIKOL]
    Vanuatu Republican Party or VRP [Marcellino PIPITE]

  • Venezuela

    A New Era or UNT [Manuel ROSALES]
    Brave People's Alliance or ABP [Richard BLANCO]
    Cambiemos Movimiento Ciudadano or CMC [Timoteo ZAMBRANO]
    Christian Democrats or COPEI [Miguel SALAZAR]
    Clear Accounts or CC [Enzo SCARENO]
    Coalition of parties loyal to Nicolas MADURO -- Great Patriotic Pole or GPP [Nicolas MADURO]
    Coalition of opposition parties -- Democratic Alliance (Alianza Democratica) (comprised of AD, EL CAMBIO, COPEI, CMC, and AP)
    Come Venezuela (Vente Venezuela) or VV [Maria MACHADO]
    Communist Party of Venezuela or PCV [Oscar FIGUERA]
    Democratic Action or AD [Jose Bernabe GUTIERREZ Parra]
    EL CAMBIO (The Change) [Javier Alejandro BERTUCCI Carrero]
    Justice First or PJ [Julio BORGES]
    Popular Will or VP [Leopoldo LOPEZ]
    Progressive Wave or AP [Henri FALCON]
    The Radical Cause or La Causa R [Andres VELAZQUEZ]
    United Socialist Party of Venezuela or PSUV [Nicolas MADURO]
    Venezuelan Progressive Movement or MPV [Simon CALZADILLA]
    Venezuela Project or PV [Henrique Fernando SALAS FEO]

  • Vietnam

    Communist Party of Vietnam or CPV [CPV General Secretary Nguyen Phu TRONG]

    note: other parties proscribed

  • Virgin Islands

    Democratic Party [Stacey PLASKELL]
    Independent Citizens' Movement or ICM [Dale BLYDEN]
    Republican Party [John CANEGATA]

  • Wallis and Futuna

    Left Radical Party or PRG [Guillaume LACROIX] (formerly Radical Socialist Party or PRS and the Left Radical Movement or MRG)
    Lua Kae Tahi (Giscardians) (leader NA)
    Rally for Wallis and Futuna-The Republicans (Rassemblement pour Wallis and Futuna) or RPWF-LR [Clovis LOGOLOGOFOLAU]
    Socialist Party or PS
    Taumu'a Lelei [Soane Muni UHILA]
    Union Pour la Democratie Francaise or UDF

  • Yemen

    General People’s Congress or GPC (3 factions: pro-Hadi [Abdrabbi Mansur HADI], pro-Houthi [Sadeq Ameen Abu RAS], pro-Saleh [Ahmed SALEH]
    National Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party [Qassem Salam SAID]
    Nasserist Unionist People's Organization [Abdulmalik al-MEKHLAFI]
    Southern Transitional Council or STC [Aidarus al-ZOUBAIDA]
    Yemeni Reform Grouping or Islah [Muhammed Abdallah al-YADUMI]
    Yemeni Socialist Party or YSP [Dr. Abd al-Rahman Umar al-SAQQAF]

    (

  • Zambia

    Alliance for Democracy and Development or ADD [Charles MILUPI]
    Forum for Democracy and Development or FDD [Edith NAWAKWI]
    Movement for Multiparty Democracy or MMD [Felix MUTATI]
    National Democratic Congress or NDC [Chishimba KAMBWILI]
    Patriotic Front or PF [Edgar LUNGU]
    United Party for National Development or UPND [Hakainde HICHILEMA]
    Party of National Unity and Progress or PNUP [Highvie HAMUDUDU]

  • Zimbabwe

    MDC Alliance [Nelson CHAMISA] 
    Movement for Democratic Change - MDC-T [Douglas MWONZORA]
    National People's Party or NPP [Joyce MUJURU] (formerly Zimbabwe People First or ZimPF)
    Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front or ZANU-PF [Emmerson Dambudzo MNANGAGWA]
    Zimbabwe African Peoples Union or ZAPU [Sibangalizwe NKOMO]