National anthem

A generally patriotic musical composition - usually in the form of a song or hymn of praise - that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions, or struggles of a nation or its people. National anthems can be officially recognized as a national song by a country's constitution or by an enacted law, or simply by tradition. Although most anthems contain lyrics, some do not.

• Afghanistan

  name: "Milli Surood" (National Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Abdul Bari JAHANI/Babrak WASA
  
  note: adopted 2006

• Akrotiri

  note: as a UK area of special sovereignty, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Albania

  name: "Hymni i Flamurit" (Hymn to the Flag)
  
  lyrics/music: Aleksander Stavre DRENOVA/Ciprian PORUMBESCU
  
  note: adopted 1912

• Algeria

  name: "Kassaman" (We Pledge)
  
  lyrics/music: Mufdi ZAKARIAH/Mohamed FAWZI
  
  note: adopted 1962; ZAKARIAH wrote "Kassaman" as a poem while imprisoned in Algiers by French colonial forces

• American Samoa

  name: "Amerika Samoa" (American Samoa)
  
  lyrics/music: Mariota Tiumalu TUIASOSOPO/Napoleon Andrew TUITELELEAPAGA
  
  note: local anthem adopted 1950; as a territory of the United States, "The Star-Spangled Banner" is official (see United States)

• Andorra

  name: "El Gran Carlemany" (The Great Charlemagne)
  
  lyrics/music: Joan BENLLOCH i VIVO/Enric MARFANY BONS
  
  note: adopted 1921; the anthem provides a brief history of Andorra in a first person narrative

• Angola

  name: "Angola Avante" (Forward Angola)
  
  lyrics/music: Manuel Rui Alves MONTEIRO/Rui Alberto Vieira Dias MINGAO
  
  note: adopted 1975

• Anguilla

  name: "God Bless Anguilla"
  
  lyrics/music: Alex RICHARDSON
  
  note: local anthem adopted 1981; as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Antigua and Barbuda

  name: Fair Antigua, We Salute Thee
  
  lyrics/music: Novelle Hamilton RICHARDS/Walter Garnet Picart CHAMBERS
  
  note: adopted 1967; as a Commonwealth country, in addition to the national anthem, "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom)

• Argentina

  name: "Himno Nacional Argentino" (Argentine National Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Vicente LOPEZ y PLANES/Jose Blas PARERA
  
  note: adopted 1813; Vicente LOPEZ was inspired to write the anthem after watching a play about the 1810 May Revolution against Spain

• Armenia

  name: "Mer Hayrenik" (Our Fatherland)
  
  lyrics/music: Mikael NALBANDIAN/Barsegh KANACHYAN
  
  note: adopted 1991; based on the anthem of the Democratic Republic of Armenia (1918-1922) but with different lyrics

• Aruba

  name: "Aruba Deshi Tera" (Aruba Precious Country)
  
  lyrics/music: Juan Chabaya 'Padu' LAMPE/Rufo Inocencio WEVER
  
  note: local anthem adopted 1986; as part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, "Het Wilhelmus" is official (see Netherlands)

• Australia

  name: Advance Australia Fair
  
  lyrics/music: Peter Dodds McCORMICK
  
  note 1: adopted 1984; although originally written in the late 19th century, the anthem was not used for all official occasions until 1984; as a Commonwealth country, in addition to the national anthem, "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom)
  
  note 2: the well-known and much-loved bush ballad "Waltzing Matilda" is often referred to as Australia's unofficial national anthem; the original lyrics were written in 1895 by Australian poet Banjo PATERSON, and were first published as sheet music in 1903; since 2012, a Waltzing Matilda Day has been held annually on 6 April, the anniversary of the first performance of the song in 1895

• Austria

  name: "Bundeshymne" (Federal Hymn)
  
  lyrics/music: Paula von PRERADOVIC/Wolfgang Amadeus MOZART or Johann HOLZER (disputed)
  
  note 1: adopted 1947; the anthem is also known as "Land der Berge, Land am Strome" (Land of the Mountains, Land by the River); Austria adopted a new national anthem after World War II to replace the former imperial anthem composed by Franz Josef HAYDN, which had been appropriated by Germany in 1922 and was thereafter associated with the Nazi regime; a gender-neutral version of the lyrics was adopted by the Austrian Federal Assembly in fall 2011 and became effective 1 January 2012
  
  note 2: the beloved waltz "The Blue Danube" ("An der schoenen, blauen Donau"), composed in 1866 by the Austrian composer Johann STRAUSS II, is consistently referred to as Austria's unofficial national anthem 

• Azerbaijan

  name: "Azerbaijan Marsi" (March of Azerbaijan)
  
  lyrics/music: Ahmed JAVAD/Uzeyir HAJIBEYOV
  
  note: adopted 1992; although originally written in 1919 during a brief period of independence, "Azerbaijan Marsi" did not become the official anthem until after the dissolution of the Soviet Union

• Bahamas, The

  name: "March On, Bahamaland!"
  
  lyrics/music: Timothy GIBSON
  
  note: adopted 1973; as a Commonwealth country, in addition to the national anthem, "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom)

• Bahrain

  name: "Bahrainona" (Our Bahrain)
  
  lyrics/music: unknown
  
  note: adopted 1971; although Mohamed Sudqi AYYASH wrote the original lyrics, they were changed in 2002 following the transformation of Bahrain from an emirate to a kingdom

• Bangladesh

  name: "Amar Shonar Bangla" (My Golden Bengal)
  
  lyrics/music: Rabindranath TAGORE
  
  note: adopted 1971; Rabindranath TAGORE, a Nobel laureate, also wrote India's national anthem

• Barbados

  name: "The National Anthem of Barbados"
  
  lyrics/music: Irving BURGIE/C. Van Roland EDWARDS
  
  note: adopted 1966; the anthem is also known as "In Plenty and In Time of Need"

• Belarus

  name: "My, Bielarusy" (We Belarusians)
  
  lyrics/music: Mikhas KLIMKOVICH and Uladzimir KARYZNA/Nester SAKALOUSKI
  
  note: music adopted 1955, lyrics adopted 2002; after the fall of the Soviet Union, Belarus kept the music of its Soviet-era anthem but adopted new lyrics; also known as "Dziarzauny himn Respubliki Bielarus" (State Anthem of the Republic of Belarus)

• Belgium

  name: "La Brabanconne" (The Song of Brabant)
  
  lyrics/music: Louis-Alexandre DECHET [French] and Victor CEULEMANS [Dutch]/Francois VAN CAMPENHOUT
  
  note: adopted 1830; according to legend, Louis-Alexandre DECHET, an actor at the theater in which the revolution against the Netherlands began, wrote the lyrics with a group of young people in a Brussels cafe

• Belize

  name: Land of the Free
  
  lyrics/music: Samuel Alfred HAYNES/Selwyn Walford YOUNG
  
  note: adopted 1981; as a Commonwealth country, in addition to the national anthem, "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom)

• Benin

  name: "L'Aube Nouvelle" (The Dawn of a New Day)
  
  lyrics/music: Gilbert Jean DAGNON
  
  note: adopted 1960

• Bermuda

  name: Hail to Bermuda
  
  lyrics/music: Bette JOHNS
  
  note: serves as a local anthem; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Bhutan

  name: "Druk tsendhen" (The Thunder Dragon Kingdom)
  
  lyrics/music: Gyaldun Dasho Thinley DORJI/Aku TONGMI
  
  note: adopted 1953

• Bolivia

  name: "Cancion Patriotica" (Patriotic Song)
  
  lyrics/music: Jose Ignacio de SANJINES/Leopoldo Benedetto VINCENTI
  
  note: adopted 1852

• Bosnia and Herzegovina

  name: "Drzavna himna Bosne i Hercegovine" (The National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina)
  
  lyrics/music: none officially/Dusan SESTIC
  
  note: music adopted 1999; lyrics proposed in 2008 and others in 2016 were not approved

• Botswana

  name: "Fatshe leno la rona" (Our Land)
  
  lyrics/music: Kgalemang Tumedisco MOTSETE
  
  note: adopted 1966

• Brazil

  name: "Hino Nacional Brasileiro" (Brazilian National Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Joaquim Osorio Duque ESTRADA/Francisco Manoel DA SILVA
  
  note: music adopted 1890, lyrics adopted 1922; the anthem's music, composed in 1822, was used unofficially for many years before it was adopted

• British Indian Ocean Territory

  note: as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• British Virgin Islands

  note: as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Brunei

  name: "Allah Peliharakan Sultan" (God Bless His Majesty)
  
  lyrics/music: Pengiran Haji Mohamed YUSUF bin Pengiran Abdul Rahim/Awang Haji BESAR bin Sagap
  
  note: adopted 1951

• Bulgaria

  name: "Mila Rodino" (Dear Homeland)
  
  lyrics/music: Tsvetan Tsvetkov RADOSLAVOV
  
  note: adopted 1964; composed in 1885 by a student en route to fight in the Serbo-Bulgarian War

• Burkina Faso

  name: "Le Ditanye" (Anthem of Victory)
  
  lyrics/music: Thomas SANKARA
  
  note: adopted 1974; also known as "Une Seule Nuit" (One Single Night); written by the country's former president, an avid guitar player

• Burma

  name: "Kaba Ma Kyei" (Till the End of the World, Myanmar)
  
  lyrics/music: SAYA TIN
  
  note: adopted 1948; Burma is among a handful of non-European nations that have anthems rooted in indigenous traditions; the beginning portion of the anthem is a traditional Burmese anthem before transitioning into a Western-style orchestrated work

• Burundi

  name: "Burundi Bwacu" (Our Beloved Burundi)
  
  lyrics/music: Jean-Baptiste NTAHOKAJA/Marc BARENGAYABO
  
  note: adopted 1962

• Cabo Verde

  name: "Cantico da Liberdade" (Song of Freedom)
  
  lyrics/music: Amilcar Spencer LOPES/Adalberto Higino Tavares SILVA
  
  note: adopted 1996

• Cambodia

  name: "Nokoreach" (Royal Kingdom)
  
  lyrics/music: CHUON NAT/F. PERRUCHOT and J. JEKYLL
  
  note: adopted 1941, restored 1993; the anthem, based on a Cambodian folk tune, was restored after the defeat of the Communist regime

• Cameroon

  name: "O Cameroun, Berceau de nos Ancetres" (O Cameroon, Cradle of Our Forefathers)
  
  lyrics/music: Rene Djam AFAME, Samuel Minkio BAMBA, Moise Nyatte NKO'O [French], Benard Nsokika FONLON [English]/Rene Djam AFAME
  
  note: adopted 1957; Cameroon's anthem, also known as "Chant de Ralliement" (The Rallying Song), has been used unofficially since 1948 and officially adopted in 1957; the anthem has French and English versions whose lyrics differ

• Canada

  name: "O Canada"
  
  lyrics/music: Adolphe-Basile ROUTHIER [French], Robert Stanley WEIR [English]/Calixa LAVALLEE
  
  note: adopted 1980; originally written in 1880, "O Canada" served as an unofficial anthem many years before its official adoption; the anthem has French and English versions whose lyrics differ; as a Commonwealth realm, in addition to the national anthem, "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see United Kingdom)

• Cayman Islands

  name: "Beloved Isle Cayman"
  
  lyrics/music: Leila E. ROSS
  
  note: adopted 1993; served as an unofficial anthem since 1930; as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, in addition to the local anthem, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Central African Republic

  name: "La Renaissance" (The Renaissance)
  
  lyrics/music: Barthelemy BOGANDA/Herbert PEPPER
  
  note: adopted 1960; Barthelemy BOGANDA wrote the anthem's lyrics and was the first prime minister of the autonomous French territory

• Chad

  name: "La Tchadienne" (The Chadian)
  
  lyrics/music: Louis GIDROL and his students/Paul VILLARD
  
  note: adopted 1960

• Chile

  name: "Himno Nacional de Chile" (National Anthem of Chile)
  
  lyrics/music: Eusebio LILLO Robles and Bernardo DE VERA y Pintado/Ramon CARNICER y Battle
  
  note: music adopted 1828, original lyrics adopted 1818, adapted lyrics adopted 1847; under Augusto PINOCHET's military rule, a verse glorifying the army was added; however, as a protest, some citizens refused to sing this verse; it was removed when democracy was restored in 1990

• China

  name: "Yiyongjun Jinxingqu" (The March of the Volunteers)
  
  lyrics/music: TIAN Han/NIE Er
  
  note: adopted 1949; the anthem, though banned during the Cultural Revolution, is more commonly known as "Zhongguo Guoge" (Chinese National Song); it was originally the theme song to the 1935 Chinese movie, "Sons and Daughters in a Time of Storm"

• Christmas Island

  note: as a territory of Australia, "Advance Australia Fair" remains official as the national anthem, while "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see Australia)

• Cocos (Keeling) Islands

  note: as a territory of Australia, "Advance Australia Fair" remains official as the national anthem, while "God Save the King" serves as the royal anthem (see Australia)

• Colombia

  name: "Himno Nacional de la Republica de Colombia" (National Anthem of the Republic of Colombia)
  
  lyrics/music: Rafael NUNEZ/Oreste SINDICI
  
  note: adopted 1920; the anthem was created from an inspirational poem written by President Rafael NUNEZ

• Comoros

  name: "Udzima wa ya Masiwa" (The Union of the Great Islands)
  
  lyrics/music: Said Hachim SIDI ABDEREMANE/Said Hachim SIDI ABDEREMANE and Kamildine ABDALLAH
  
  note: adopted 1978

• Congo, Democratic Republic of the

  name: "Debout Congolaise" (Arise Congolese)
  
  lyrics/music: Joseph LUTUMBA/Simon-Pierre BOKA di Mpasi Londi
  
  note: adopted 1960; replaced when the country was known as Zaire; but readopted in 1997

• Congo, Republic of the

  name: "La Congolaise" (The Congolese)
  
  lyrics/music: Jacques TONDRA and Georges KIBANGHI/Jean ROYER and Joseph SPADILIERE
  
  note: originally adopted 1959, restored 1991

• Cook Islands

  name: "Te Atua Mou E" (To God Almighty)
  
  lyrics/music: Tepaeru Te RITO/Thomas DAVIS
  
  note: adopted 1982; as prime minister, Sir Thomas DAVIS composed the anthem; his wife, a tribal chief, wrote the lyrics

• Costa Rica

  name: "Himno Nacional de Costa Rica" (National Anthem of Costa Rica)
  
  lyrics/music: Jose Maria ZELEDON Brenes/Manuel Maria GUTIERREZ
  
  note: adopted 1949; the anthem's music was originally written for an 1853 welcome ceremony for diplomatic missions from the US and UK; the lyrics were added in 1903

• Cote d'Ivoire

  name: "L'Abidjanaise" (Song of Abidjan)
  
  lyrics/music: Mathieu EKRA, Joachim BONY, and Pierre Marie COTY/Pierre Marie COTY and Pierre Michel PANGO
  
  note: adopted 1960; although the nation's capital city moved from Abidjan to Yamoussoukro in 1983, the anthem still owes its name to the former capital

• Croatia

  name: "Lijepa nasa domovino" (Our Beautiful Homeland)
  
  lyrics/music: Antun MIHANOVIC/Josip RUNJANIN
  
  note: adopted in 1972 while still part of Yugoslavia; "Lijepa nasa domovino," whose lyrics were written in 1835, served as an unofficial anthem beginning in 1891

• Cuba

  name: "La Bayamesa" (The Bayamo Song)
  
  lyrics/music: Pedro FIGUEREDO
  
  note: adopted 1940; Pedro FIGUEREDO first performed "La Bayamesa" in 1868 during the Ten Years War against the Spanish; a leading figure in the uprising, FIGUEREDO was captured in 1870 and executed by a firing squad; just prior to the fusillade he is reputed to have shouted, "Morir por la Patria es vivir" (To die for the country is to live), a line from the anthem

• Curacao

  name: "Himmo di Korsou" (Anthem of Curacao)
  
  lyrics/music: Guillermo ROSARIO, Mae HENRIQUEZ, Enrique MULLER, Betty DORAN/Frater Candidus NOWENS, Errol "El Toro" COLINA
  
  note: adapted 1978; the lyrics, originally written in 1899, were rewritten in 1978 to make them less colonial in nature

• Cyprus

  name: "Ymnos eis tin Eleftherian" (Hymn to Liberty)
  
  lyrics/music: Dionysios SOLOMOS/Nikolaos MANTZAROS
  
  note: adopted 1960; Cyprus adopted the Greek national anthem as its own; the Turkish Cypriot community in Cyprus uses the anthem of Turkey

• Czechia

  name: "Kde domov muj?" (Where is My Home?)
  
  lyrics/music: Josef Kajetan TYL/Frantisek Jan SKROUP
  
  note: adopted 1993; the anthem was originally written as incidental music to the play "Fidlovacka" (1834), it soon became very popular as an unofficial anthem of the Czech nation; its first verse served as the official Czechoslovak anthem beginning in 1918, while the second verse (Slovak) was dropped after the split of Czechoslovakia in 1993

• Denmark

  name: "Der er et yndigt land" (There is a Lovely Country); "Kong Christian" (King Christian)
  
  lyrics/music: Adam Gottlob OEHLENSCHLAGER/Hans Ernst KROYER; Johannes EWALD/unknown
  
  note: Denmark has two national anthems with equal status; "Der er et yndigt land," adopted 1844, is a national anthem, while "Kong Christian," adopted 1780, serves as both a national and royal anthem; "Kong Christian" is also known as "Kong Christian stod ved hojen mast" (King Christian Stood by the Lofty Mast) and "Kongesangen" (The King's Anthem); within Denmark, the royal anthem is played only when royalty is present and is usually followed by the national anthem; when royalty is not present, only the national anthem is performed; outside Denmark, the royal anthem is played, unless the national anthem is requested

• Dhekelia

  note: as a United Kingdom area of special sovereignty, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Djibouti

  name: "Jabuuti" (Djibouti)
  
  lyrics/music: Aden ELMI/Abdi ROBLEH
  
  note: adopted 1977

• Dominica

  name: "Isle of Beauty"
  
  lyrics/music: Wilfred Oscar Morgan POND/Lemuel McPherson CHRISTIAN
  
  note: adopted 1967

• Dominican Republic

  name: "Himno Nacional" (National Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Emilio PRUD'HOMME/Jose REYES
  
  note: adopted 1934; also known as "Quisqueyanos valientes" (Valient Sons of Quisqueye); the anthem never refers to the people as Dominican but rather calls them "Quisqueyanos," a reference to the indigenous name of the island

• Ecuador

  name: "Salve, Oh Patria!" (We Salute You, Our Homeland)
  
  lyrics/music: Juan Leon MERA/Antonio NEUMANE
  
  note: adopted 1948; Juan Leon MERA wrote the lyrics in 1865; only the chorus and second verse are sung

• Egypt

  name: "Bilady, Bilady, Bilady" (My Homeland, My Homeland, My Homeland)
  
  lyrics/music: Younis-al QADI/Sayed DARWISH
  
  note: adopted 1979; the current anthem, less militaristic than the previous one, was created after the signing of the 1979 peace treaty with Israel; Sayed DARWISH, commonly considered the father of modern Egyptian music, composed the anthem

• El Salvador

  name: "Himno Nacional de El Salvador" (National Anthem of El Salvador)
  
  lyrics/music: Juan Jose CANAS/Juan ABERLE
  
  note: officially adopted 1953, in use since 1879; at 4:20 minutes, the anthem of El Salvador is one of the world's longest

• Equatorial Guinea

  name: "Caminemos pisando la senda" (Let Us Tread the Path)
  
  lyrics/music: Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO/Atanasio Ndongo MIYONO or Ramiro Sanchez LOPEZ (disputed)
  
  note: adopted 1968

• Eritrea

  name: "Ertra, Ertra, Ertra" (Eritrea, Eritrea, Eritrea)
  
  lyrics/music: SOLOMON Tsehaye Beraki/Isaac Abraham MEHAREZGI and ARON Tekle Tesfatsion
  
  note: adopted 1993; upon independence from Ethiopia

• Estonia

  name: "Mu isamaa, mu onn ja room" (My Native Land, My Pride and Joy)
  
  lyrics/music: Johann Voldemar JANNSEN/Fredrik PACIUS
  
  note: adopted 1920, though banned between 1940 and 1990 under Soviet occupation; the anthem, used in Estonia since 1869, shares the same melody as Finland's but has different lyrics

• Eswatini

  name: "Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati" (Oh God, Bestower of the Blessings of the Swazi)
  
  lyrics/music: Andrease Enoke Fanyana SIMELANE/David Kenneth RYCROFT
  
  note: adopted 1968; uses elements of both ethnic Swazi and Western music styles

• Ethiopia

  name: "Whedefit Gesgeshi Woud Enat Ethiopia" (March Forward, Dear Mother Ethiopia)
  
  lyrics/music: DEREJE Melaku Mengesha/SOLOMON Lulu
  
  note: adopted 1992

• European Union

  name: "Ode to Joy"
  
  lyrics/music: no lyrics/Ludwig VAN BEETHOVEN, arranged by Herbert VON KARAJAN
  
  note: official EU anthem since 1985; the anthem is meant to represent all of Europe rather than just the organization, conveying ideas of peace, freedom, and unity

• Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)

  name: "Song of the Falklands"
  
  lyrics/music: Christopher LANHAM
  
  note: adopted 1930s; the song is the local unofficial anthem; as a territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Faroe Islands

  name: "Mitt alfagra land" (My Fairest Land)
  
  lyrics/music: Simun av SKAROI/Peter ALBERG
  
  note: adopted 1948; the anthem is also known as "Tu alfagra land mitt" (Thou Fairest Land of Mine); as a self-governing overseas administrative division of Denmark, the Faroe Islands are permitted their own national anthem

• Fiji

  name: "God Bless Fiji"
  
  lyrics/music: Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT/C. Austin MILES (adapted by Michael Francis Alexander PRESCOTT)
  
  note: adopted 1970; known in Fijian as "Meda Dau Doka" (Let Us Show Pride); adapted from the hymn, "Dwelling in Beulah Land," the anthem's English lyrics are generally sung, although they differ in meaning from the official Fijian lyrics

• Finland

  name: "Maamme" (Our Land)
  
  lyrics/music: Johan Ludvig RUNEBERG/Fredrik PACIUS
  
  note: in use since 1848; although never officially adopted by law, the anthem has been popular since it was first sung by a student group in 1848; Estonia's anthem uses the same melody as that of Finland

• France

  name: "La Marseillaise" (The Song of Marseille)
  
  lyrics/music: Claude-Joseph ROUGET de Lisle
  
  note: adopted 1795, restored 1870; originally known as "Chant de Guerre pour l'Armee du Rhin" (War Song for the Army of the Rhine), the National Guard of Marseille made the song famous by singing it while marching into Paris in 1792 during the French Revolutionary Wars

• French Polynesia

  name: "Ia Ora 'O Tahiti Nui" (Long Live Tahiti Nui)
  
  lyrics/music: Maeva BOUGES, Irmine TEHEI, Angele TEROROTUA, Johanna NOUVEAU, Patrick AMARU, Louis MAMATUI, and Jean-Pierre CELESTIN (the compositional group created both the lyrics and music)
  
  note: adopted 1993; serves as a local anthem; as a territory of France, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)

• French Southern and Antarctic Lands

  note: as a territory of France, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)

• Gabon

  name: "La Concorde" (The Concorde)
  
  lyrics/music: Georges Aleka DAMAS
  
  note: adopted 1960

• Gambia, The

  name: "For The Gambia, Our Homeland"
  
  lyrics/music: Virginia Julie HOWE/adapted by Jeremy Frederick HOWE
  
  note: adopted 1965; the music is an adaptation of the traditional Mandinka song "Foday Kaba Dumbuya"

• Georgia

  name: "Tavisupleba" (Liberty)
  
  lyrics/music: Davit MAGRADSE/Zakaria PALIASHVILI (adapted by Joseb KETSCHAKMADSE)
  
  note: adopted 2004; after the Rose Revolution, a new anthem with music based on the operas "Abesalom da Eteri" and "Daisi" was adopted

• Germany

  name: "Das Lied der Deutschen" (Song of the Germans)
  
  lyrics/music: August Heinrich HOFFMANN VON FALLERSLEBEN/Franz Joseph HAYDN
  
  note: adopted 1922; the anthem, also known as "Deutschlandlied" (Song of Germany), was originally adopted for its connection to the March 1848 liberal revolution; following appropriation by the Nazis of the first verse, specifically the phrase, "Deutschland, Deutschland ueber alles" (Germany, Germany above all) to promote nationalism, it was banned after 1945; in 1952, its third verse was adopted by West Germany as its national anthem; in 1990, it became the national anthem for the reunited Germany

• Ghana

  name: "God Bless Our Homeland Ghana"
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/Philip GBEHO
  
  note: music adopted 1957, lyrics adopted 1966; the lyrics were changed twice, in 1960 when a republic was declared and after a 1966 coup

• Gibraltar

  name: "Gibraltar Anthem"
  
  lyrics/music: Peter EMBERLEY
  
  note: adopted 1994; serves as a local anthem; as an overseas territory of the United Kingdom, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Greece

  name: "Ymnos eis tin Eleftherian" (Hymn to Liberty)
  
  lyrics/music: Dionysios SOLOMOS/Nikolaos MANTZAROS
  
  note: adopted 1864; the anthem is based on a 158-stanza poem by the same name, which was inspired by the Greek Revolution of 1821 against the Ottomans (only the first two stanzas are used); Cyprus also uses "Hymn to Liberty" as its anthem

• Greenland

  name: "Nunarput utoqqarsuanngoravit" (Our Country, Who's Become So Old also translated as You Our Ancient Land)
  
  lyrics/music: Henrik LUND/Jonathan PETERSEN
  
  note: adopted 1916; the government also recognizes "Nuna asiilasooq" as a secondary anthem

• Grenada

  name: "Hail Grenada"
  
  lyrics/music: Irva Merle BAPTISTE/Louis Arnold MASANTO
  
  note: adopted 1974

• Guam

  name: "Fanohge Chamoru" (Stand Ye Guamanians)
  
  lyrics/music: Ramon Manalisay SABLAN [English], Lagrimas UNTALAN [Chamoru]/Ramon Manalisay SABLAN
  
  note: adopted 1919; the local anthem is also known as "Guam Hymn"; as a territory of the United States, "The Star-Spangled Banner," which generally follows the playing of "Stand Ye Guamanians," is official (see United States)

• Guatemala

  name: "Himno Nacional de Guatemala" (National Anthem of Guatemala)
  
  lyrics/music: Jose Joaquin PALMA/Rafael Alvarez OVALLE
  
  note: adopted 1897, modified lyrics adopted 1934; Cuban poet Jose Joaquin PALMA anonymously submitted lyrics to a public contest calling for a national anthem; his authorship was not discovered until 1911

• Guernsey

  name: "Sarnia Cherie" (Guernsey Dear)
  
  lyrics/music: George DEIGHTON/Domencio SANTANGELO
  
  note: adopted 1911; serves as a local anthem; as a British crown dependency, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Guinea

  name: "Liberte" (Liberty)
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/Fodeba KEITA
  
  note: adopted 1958

• Guinea-Bissau

  name: "Esta e a Nossa Patria Bem Amada" (This Is Our Beloved Country)
  
  lyrics/music: Amilcar Lopes CABRAL/XIAO He
  
  note: adopted 1974; a delegation from then Portuguese Guinea visited China in 1963 and heard music by XIAO He; Amilcar Lopes CABRAL, the leader of Guinea-Bissau's independence movement, asked the composer to create a piece that would inspire his people to struggle for independence

• Guyana

  name: "Dear Land of Guyana, of Rivers and Plains"
  
  lyrics/music: Archibald Leonard LUKERL/Robert Cyril Gladstone POTTER
  
  note: adopted 1966

• Haiti

  name: "La Dessalinienne" (The Dessalines Song)
  
  lyrics/music: Justin LHERISSON/Nicolas GEFFRARD
  
  note: adopted 1904; named for Jean-Jacques DESSALINES, a leader in the Haitian Revolution and first ruler of an independent Haiti

• Holy See (Vatican City)

  name: "Inno e Marcia Pontificale" (Hymn and Pontifical March); often called The Pontifical Hymn
  
  lyrics/music: Raffaello LAVAGNA/Charles-Francois GOUNOD
  
  note: adopted 1950

• Honduras

  name: "Himno Nacional de Honduras" (National Anthem of Honduras)
  
  lyrics/music: Augusto Constancio COELLO/Carlos HARTLING
  
  note: adopted 1915; the anthem's seven verses chronicle Honduran history; on official occasions, only the chorus and last verse are sung

• Hong Kong

  note: as a Special Administrative Region of China, "Yiyongjun Jinxingqu" is the official anthem (see China)

• Hungary

  name: "Himnusz" (Hymn)
  
  lyrics/music: Ferenc KOLCSEY/Ferenc ERKEL
  
  note: adopted 1844

• Iceland

  name: "Lofsongur" (Song of Praise)
  
  lyrics/music: Matthias JOCHUMSSON/Sveinbjorn SVEINBJORNSSON
  
  note: adopted 1944; also known as "O, Gud vors lands" (O, God of Our Land), the anthem was originally written and performed in 1874

• India

  name: "Jana-Gana-Mana" (Thou Art the Ruler of the Minds of All People)
  
  lyrics/music: Rabindranath TAGORE
  
  note: adopted 1950; Rabindranath TAGORE, a Nobel laureate, also wrote Bangladesh's national anthem

• Indonesia

  name: "Indonesia Raya" (Great Indonesia)
  
  lyrics/music: Wage Rudolf SOEPRATMAN
  
  note: adopted 1945

• Iran

  name: "Soroud-e Melli-ye Jomhouri-ye Eslami-ye Iran" (National Anthem of the Islamic Republic of Iran)
  
  lyrics/music: multiple authors/Hassan RIAHI
  
  note 1: adopted 1990; Iran has had six national anthems; the first, entitled "Salam-e Shah" (Royal Salute) was in use from 1873-1909; next came "Salamati-ye Dowlat-e Elliye-ye Iran" (Salute of the Sublime State of Persia, 1909-1933); it was followed by "Sorud-e melli" (The Imperial Anthem of Iran; 1933-1979), which chronicled the exploits of the Pahlavi Dynasty; "Ey Iran" (Oh Iran) functioned unofficially as the national anthem for a brief period between the ouster of the Shah in 1979 and the early days of the Islamic Republic in 1980; "Payandeh Bada Iran" (Long Live Iran) was used between 1980 and 1990 during the time of Ayatollah KHOMEINI
  
  note 2: a recording of the current Iranian national anthem is unavailable since the US Navy Band does not record anthems for countries from which the US does not anticipate official visits; the US does not have diplomatic relations with Iran

• Iraq

  name: "Mawtini" (My Homeland)
  
  lyrics/music: Ibrahim TOUQAN/Mohammad FLAYFEL
  
  note: adopted 2004; following the ouster of SADDAM Husayn, Iraq adopted "Mawtini," a popular folk song throughout the Arab world; also serves as an unofficial anthem of the Palestinian people

• Ireland

  name: "Amhran na bhFiann" (The Soldier's Song)
  
  lyrics/music: Peadar KEARNEY [English], Liam O RINN [Irish]/Patrick HEENEY and Peadar KEARNEY
  
  note: adopted 1926; instead of "Amhran na bhFiann," the song "Ireland's Call" is often used at athletic events where citizens of Ireland and Northern Ireland compete as a unified team

• Isle of Man

  name: "Arrane Ashoonagh dy Vannin" (O Land of Our Birth)
  
  lyrics/music: William Henry GILL [English], John J. KNEEN [Manx]/traditional
  
  note: adopted 2003, in use since 1907; serves as a local anthem; as a British Crown dependency, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom) and is played when the sovereign, members of the royal family, or the lieutenant governor are present

• Israel

  name: "Hatikvah" (The Hope)
  
  lyrics/music: Naftali Herz IMBER/traditional, arranged by Samuel COHEN
  
  note: adopted 2004, unofficial since 1948; used as the anthem of the Zionist movement since 1897; the 1888 arrangement by Samuel COHEN is thought to be based on the Romanian folk song "Carul cu boi" (The Ox Driven Cart)

• Italy

  name: "Il Canto degli Italiani" (The Song of the Italians)
  
  lyrics/music: Goffredo MAMELI/Michele NOVARO
  
  note: adopted 1946; the anthem, originally written in 1847, is also known as "L'Inno di Mameli" (Mameli's Hymn), and "Fratelli D'Italia" (Brothers of Italy)

• Jamaica

  name: "Jamaica, Land We Love"
  
  lyrics/music: Hugh Braham SHERLOCK/Robert Charles LIGHTBOURNE
  
  note: adopted 1962

• Japan

  name: "Kimigayo" (The Emperor's Reign)
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/Hiromori HAYASHI
  
  note: adopted 1999; unofficial national anthem since 1883; oldest anthem lyrics in the world, dating to the 10th century or earlier; there is some opposition to the anthem because of its association with militarism and worship of the emperor

• Jersey

  name: "Isle de Siez Nous" (Island Home)
  
  lyrics/music: Gerard LE FEUVRE
  
  note: adopted 2008; serves as a local anthem; as a British Crown dependency, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Jordan

  name: "As-salam al-malaki al-urdoni" (Long Live the King of Jordan)
  
  lyrics/music: Abdul-Mone'm al-RIFAI'/Abdul-Qader al-TANEER
  
  note: adopted 1946; the shortened version of the anthem is used most commonly, while the full version is reserved for special occasions

• Kazakhstan

  name: "Menin Qazaqstanim" (My Kazakhstan)
  
  lyrics/music: Zhumeken NAZHIMEDENOV and Nursultan NAZARBAYEV/Shamshi KALDAYAKOV
  
  note: adopted 2006; President Nursultan NAZARBAYEV played a role in revising the lyrics

• Kenya

  name: "Ee Mungu Nguvu Yetu" (Oh God of All Creation)
  
  lyrics/music: Graham HYSLOP, Thomas KALUME, Peter KIBUKOSYA, Washington OMONDI, and George W. SENOGA-ZAKE/traditional, adapted by Graham HYSLOP, Thomas KALUME, Peter KIBUKOSYA, Washington OMONDI, and George W. SENOGA-ZAKE
  
  note: adopted 1963; based on a traditional Kenyan folk song

• Kiribati

  name: "Teirake kaini Kiribati" (Stand Up, Kiribati)
  
  lyrics/music: Urium Tamuera IOTEBA
  
  note: adopted 1979

• Korea, North

  name: "Aegukka" (Patriotic Song)
  
  lyrics/music: PAK Se Yong/KIM Won Gyun
  
  note: adopted 1947; both North Korea's and South Korea's anthems share the same name and have a vaguely similar melody but have different lyrics; the North Korean anthem is also known as "Ach'imun pinnara" (Let Morning Shine)

• Korea, South

  name: "Aegukga" (Patriotic Song)
  
  lyrics/music: YUN Ch'i-Ho or AN Ch'ang-Ho/AHN Eaktay
  
  note: adopted 1948, well-known by 1910; both North Korea's and South Korea's anthems share the same name and have a vaguely similar melody but have different lyrics

• Kosovo

  name: Europe
  
  lyrics/music: no lyrics/Mendi MENGJIQI
  
  note: adopted 2008; Kosovo chose to exclude lyrics in its anthem so as not to offend the country's minority ethnic groups

• Kuwait

  name: "Al-Nasheed Al-Watani" (National Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Ahmad MUSHARI al-Adwani/Ibrahim Nasir al-SOULA
  
  note: adopted 1978; the anthem is only used on formal occasions

• Kyrgyzstan

  name: "Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni" (National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic)
  
  lyrics/music: Djamil SADYKOV and Eshmambet KULUEV/Nasyr DAVLESOV and Kalyi MOLDOBASANOV
  
  note: adopted 1992

• Laos

  name: "Pheng Xat Lao" (Hymn of the Lao People)
  
  lyrics/music: SISANA Sisane/THONGDY Sounthonevichit
  
  note: music adopted 1945, lyrics adopted 1975; the anthem's lyrics were changed following the 1975 Communist revolution that overthrew the monarchy

• Latvia

  name: "Dievs, sveti Latviju!" (God Bless Latvia)
  
  lyrics/music: Karlis BAUMANIS
  
  note: adopted 1920, restored 1990; first performed in 1873 while Latvia was a part of Russia; banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990

• Lebanon

  name: "Kulluna lil-watan" (All Of Us, For Our Country!)
  
  lyrics/music: Rachid NAKHLE/Wadih SABRA
  
  note: adopted 1927; chosen following a nationwide competition

• Lesotho

  name: "Lesotho fatse la bo ntat'a rona" (Lesotho, Land of Our Fathers)
  
  lyrics/music: Francois COILLARD/Ferdinand-Samuel LAUR
  
  note: adopted 1967; music derives from an 1823 Swiss songbook

• Liberia

  name: "All Hail, Liberia Hail!"
  
  lyrics/music: Daniel Bashiel WARNER/Olmstead LUCA
  
  note: lyrics adopted 1847, music adopted 1860; the anthem's author later became the third president of Liberia

• Libya

  name: "Libya, Libya, Libya"
  
  lyrics/music: Al Bashir AL AREBI/Mohamad Abdel WAHAB
  
  note: also known as "Ya Beladi" or "Oh, My Country!"; adopted 1951; readopted 2011 with some modification to the lyrics; during the QADHAFI years between 1969 and 2011, the anthem was "Allahu Akbar," (God is Great) a marching song of the Egyptian Army in the 1956 Suez War

• Liechtenstein

  name: "Oben am jungen Rhein" (High Above the Young Rhine)
  
  lyrics/music: Jakob Joseph JAUCH/Josef FROMMELT
  
  note: adopted 1850, revised 1963; uses the tune of "God Save the King"

• Lithuania

  name: "Tautiska giesme" (The National Song)
  
  lyrics/music: Vincas KUDIRKA
  
  note: adopted 1918, restored 1990; written in 1898 while Lithuania was a part of Russia; banned during the Soviet occupation from 1940 to 1990

• Luxembourg

  name: "Ons Heemecht" (Our Motherland); "De Wilhelmus" (The William)
  
  lyrics/music: Michel LENTZ/Jean-Antoine ZINNEN; Nikolaus WELTER/unknown
  
  note: "Ons Heemecht," adopted 1864, is the national anthem, while "De Wilhelmus," adopted 1919, serves as a royal anthem for use when members of the grand ducal family enter or exit a ceremony in Luxembourg

• Macau

  note: as a Special Administrative Region of China, "Yiyongjun Jinxingqu" is the official anthem (see China)

• Madagascar

  name: "Ry Tanindraza nay malala o" (Oh, Our Beloved Fatherland)
  
  lyrics/music: Pasteur RAHAJASON/Norbert RAHARISOA
  
  note: adopted 1959

• Malawi

  name: "Mulungu dalitsa Malawi" (Oh God Bless Our Land of Malawi)
  
  lyrics/music: Michael-Fredrick Paul SAUKA
  
  note: adopted 1964

• Malaysia

  name: "Negaraku" (My Country)
  
  lyrics/music: collective, led by Tunku ABDUL RAHMAN/Pierre Jean DE BERANGER
  
  note: adopted 1957; full version only performed in the presence of the king; the tune, which was adopted from a popular French melody titled "La Rosalie," was originally the anthem of Perak, one of Malaysia's 13 states

• Maldives

  name: "Gaumee Salaam" (National Salute)
  
  lyrics/music: Mohamed Jameel DIDI/Wannakuwattawaduge DON AMARADEVA
  
  note: lyrics adopted 1948, music adopted 1972; between 1948 and 1972, the lyrics were sung to the tune of "Auld Lang Syne"

• Mali

  name: "Le Mali" (Mali)
  
  lyrics/music: Seydou Badian KOUYATE/Banzoumana SISSOKO
  
  note: adopted 1962; also known as "Pour L'Afrique et pour toi, Mali" (For Africa and for You, Mali) and "A ton appel Mali" (At Your Call, Mali)

• Malta

  name: "L-Innu Malti" (The Maltese Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Dun Karm PSAILA/Robert SAMMUT
  
  note: adopted 1945; written in the form of a prayer

• Marshall Islands

  name: "Forever Marshall Islands"
  
  lyrics/music: Amata KABUA
  
  note: adopted 1981

• Mauritania

  name: "Bilāda l-ʾubāti l-hudāti l-kirām" (Land of the Proud, Guided by Noblemen)
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/traditional, Rageh DAOUD
  
  note: adopted 16 November 2017

• Mauritius

  name: "Motherland"
  
  lyrics/music: Jean Georges PROSPER/Philippe GENTIL
  
  note: adopted 1968

• Mexico

  name: "Himno Nacional Mexicano" (National Anthem of Mexico)
  
  lyrics/music: Francisco Gonzalez BOCANEGRA/Jaime Nuno ROCA
  
  note: adopted 1943, in use since 1854; also known as "Mexicanos, al grito de Guerra" (Mexicans, to the War Cry); according to tradition, Francisco Gonzalez BOCANEGRA, an accomplished poet, was uninterested in submitting lyrics to a national anthem contest; his fiancee locked him in a room and refused to release him until the lyrics were completed

• Micronesia, Federated States of

  name: "Patriots of Micronesia"
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/August Daniel BINZER
  
  note: adopted 1991; also known as "Across All Micronesia"; the music is based on the 1820 German patriotic song "Ich hab mich ergeben", which was the West German national anthem from 1949-1950; variants of this tune are used in Johannes BRAHMS' "Festival Overture" and Gustav MAHLER's "Third Symphony"

• Moldova

  name: "Limba noastra" (Our Language)
  
  lyrics/music: Alexei MATEEVICI/Alexandru CRISTEA
  
  note: adopted 1994

• Monaco

  name: "A Marcia de Muneghu" (The March of Monaco)
  
  lyrics/music: Louis NOTARI/Charles ALBRECHT
  
  note: music adopted 1867, lyrics adopted 1931; although French is commonly spoken, only the Monegasque lyrics are official; the French version is known as "Hymne Monegasque" (Monegasque Anthem); the words are generally only sung on official occasions

• Mongolia

  name: "Mongol ulsyn toriin duulal" (National Anthem of Mongolia)
  
  lyrics/music: Tsendiin DAMDINSUREN/Bilegiin DAMDINSUREN and Luvsanjamts MURJORJ
  
  note: music adopted 1950, lyrics adopted 2006; lyrics altered on numerous occasions

• Montenegro

  name: "Oj, svijetla majska zoro" (Oh, Bright Dawn of May)
  
  lyrics/music: Sekula DRLJEVIC/unknown, arranged by Zarko MIKOVIC
  
  note: adopted 2004; music based on a Montenegrin folk song

• Montserrat

  note: as a territory of the UK, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Morocco

  name: "Hymne Cherifien" (Hymn of the Sharif)
  
  lyrics/music: Ali Squalli HOUSSAINI/Leo MORGAN
  
  note: music adopted 1956, lyrics adopted 1970

• Mozambique

  name: "Patria Amada" (Lovely Fatherland)
  
  lyrics/music: Salomao J. MANHICA/unknown
  
  note: adopted 2002

• Namibia

  name: "Namibia, Land of the Brave"
  
  lyrics/music: Axali DOESEB
  
  note: adopted 1991

• Nauru

  name: "Nauru Bwiema" (Song of Nauru)
  
  lyrics/music: Margaret HENDRIE/Laurence Henry HICKS
  
  note: adopted 1968

• Nepal

  name: "Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka" (Hundreds of Flowers)
  
  lyrics/music: Pradeep Kumar RAI/Ambar GURUNG
  
  note: adopted 2007; after the abolition of the monarchy in 2006, a new anthem was required because of the previous anthem's praise for the king

• Netherlands

  name: "Het Wilhelmus" (The William)
  
  lyrics/music: Philips VAN MARNIX van Sint Aldegonde (presumed)/unknown
  
  note: adopted 1932, in use since the 17th century, making it the oldest national anthem in the world; also known as "Wilhelmus van Nassouwe" (William of Nassau), it is in the form of an acrostic, where the first letter of each stanza spells the name of the leader of the Dutch Revolt

• New Caledonia

  name: "Soyons unis, devenons freres" (Let Us Be United, Let Us Become Brothers)
  
  lyrics/music: Chorale Melodia (a local choir)
  
  note: adopted 2008; contains a mixture of lyrics in both French and Nengone (an indigenous language); as a self-governing territory of France, in addition to the local anthem, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)

• New Zealand

  name: "God Defend New Zealand"
  
  lyrics/music: Thomas BRACKEN [English], Thomas Henry SMITH [Maori]/John Joseph WOODS
  
  note: adopted 1940 as national song, adopted 1977 as co-national anthem; New Zealand has two national anthems with equal status; as a commonwealth realm, in addition to "God Defend New Zealand," "God Save the King" serves as a royal anthem (see United Kingdom); "God Save the King" normally played only when a member of the royal family or the governor-general is present; in all other cases, "God Defend New Zealand" is played

• Nicaragua

  name: "Salve a ti, Nicaragua" (Hail to Thee, Nicaragua)
  
  lyrics/music: Salomon Ibarra MAYORGA/traditional, arranged by Luis Abraham DELGADILLO
  
  note: although only officially adopted in 1971, the music was approved in 1918 and the lyrics in 1939; the tune, originally from Spain, was used as an anthem for Nicaragua from the 1830s until 1876

• Niger

  name: "La Nigerienne" (The Nigerien)
  
  lyrics/music: Maurice Albert THIRIET/Robert JACQUET and Nicolas Abel Francois FRIONNET
  
  note: adopted 1961

• Nigeria

  name: "Arise Oh Compatriots, Nigeria's Call Obey"
  
  lyrics/music: John A. ILECHUKWU, Eme Etim AKPAN, B.A. OGUNNAIKE, Sotu OMOIGUI and P.O. ADERIBIGBE/Benedict Elide ODIASE
  
  note: adopted 1978; lyrics are a mixture of the five top entries in a national contest

• Niue

  name: "Ko e Iki he Lagi" (The Lord in Heaven)
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/unknown, prepared by Sioeli FUSIKATA
  
  note: adopted 1974

• Norfolk Island

  name: "Come Ye Blessed"
  
  lyrics/music: New Testament/John Prindle SCOTT
  
  note: the local anthem, whose lyrics consist of the words from Matthew 25:34-36, 40, is also known as "The Pitcairn Anthem;" the island does not recognize "Advance Australia Fair" (which other Australian territories use); instead "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• North Macedonia

  name: "Denes nad Makedonija" (Today Over Macedonia)
  
  lyrics/music: Vlado MALESKI/Todor SKALOVSKI
  
  note: written in 1943 and adopted in 1991, the song previously served as the anthem of the Socialist Republic of Macedonia while part of Yugoslavia

• Northern Mariana Islands

  name: "Gi Talo Gi Halom Tasi" (In the Middle of the Sea)
  
  lyrics/music: Jose S. PANGELINAN [Chamoru], David PETER [Carolinian]/Wilhelm GANZHORN
  
  note: adopted 1996; the Carolinian version of the song is known as "Satil Matawal Pacifico;" as a commonwealth of the US, in addition to the local anthem, "The Star-Spangled Banner" is official (see United States)

• Norway

  name: "Ja, vi elsker dette landet" (Yes, We Love This Country)
  
  lyrics/music: lyrics/music: Bjornstjerne BJORNSON/Rikard NORDRAAK
  
  note: adopted 1864; in addition to the national anthem, "Kongesangen" (Song of the King), which uses the tune of "God Save the King," serves as the royal anthem

• Oman

  name: "Nashid as-Salaam as-Sultani" (The Sultan's Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Rashid bin Uzayyiz al KHUSAIDI/James Frederick MILLS, arranged by Bernard EBBINGHAUS
  
  note: adopted 1932; new lyrics written after QABOOS bin Said al Said gained power in 1970; first performed by the band of a British ship as a salute to the Sultan during a 1932 visit to Muscat; the bandmaster of the HMS Hawkins was asked to write a salutation to the Sultan on the occasion of his ship visit

• Pakistan

  name: "Qaumi Tarana" (National Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Abu-Al-Asar Hafeez JULLANDHURI/Ahmed Ghulamali CHAGLA
  
  note: adopted 1954; also known as "Pak sarzamin shad bad" (Blessed Be the Sacred Land)

• Palau

  name: "Belau rekid" (Our Palau)
  
  lyrics/music: multiple/Ymesei O. EZEKIEL
  
  note: adopted 1980

• Panama

  name: "Himno Istmeno" (Isthmus Hymn)
  
  lyrics/music: Jeronimo DE LA OSSA/Santos A. JORGE
  
  note: adopted 1925

• Papua New Guinea

  name: "O Arise All You Sons"
  
  lyrics/music: Thomas SHACKLADY
  
  note: adopted 1975

• Paraguay

  name: "Paraguayos, Republica o muerte!" (Paraguayans, The Republic or Death!)
  
  lyrics/music: Francisco Esteban ACUNA de Figueroa/disputed
  
  note: adopted 1934, in use since 1846; officially adopted following its re-arrangement in 1934

• Peru

  name: "Himno Nacional del Peru" (National Anthem of Peru)
  
  lyrics/music: Jose DE LA TORRE Ugarte/Jose Bernardo ALZEDO
  
  note: adopted 1822; the song won a national anthem contest

• Philippines

  name: "Lupang Hinirang" (Chosen Land)
  
  lyrics/music: Jose PALMA (revised by Felipe PADILLA de Leon)/Julian FELIPE
  
  note: music adopted 1898, original Spanish lyrics adopted 1899, Filipino (Tagalog) lyrics adopted 1956; although the original lyrics were written in Spanish, later English and Filipino versions were created; today, only the Filipino version is used

• Pitcairn Islands

  name: "We From Pitcairn Island"
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/Frederick M. LEHMAN
  
  note: serves as a local anthem; as an overseas territory of the UK, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Poland

  name: "Mazurek Dabrowskiego" (Dabrowski's Mazurka)
  
  lyrics/music: Jozef WYBICKI/traditional
  
  note: adopted 1927; the anthem, commonly known as "Jeszcze Polska nie zginela" (Poland Has Not Yet Perished), was written in 1797; the lyrics resonate strongly with Poles because they reflect the numerous occasions in which the nation's lands have been occupied

• Portugal

  name: "A Portugesa" (The Song of the Portuguese)
  
  lyrics/music: Henrique LOPES DE MENDOCA/Alfredo KEIL
  
  note: adopted 1910; "A Portuguesa" was originally written to protest the Portuguese monarchy's acquiescence to the 1890 British ultimatum forcing Portugal to give up areas of Africa; the lyrics refer to the "insult" that resulted from the event

• Puerto Rico

  name: "La Borinquena" (The Puerto Rican)
  
  lyrics/music: Manuel Fernandez JUNCOS/Felix Astol ARTES
  
  note: music adopted 1952, lyrics adopted 1977; the local anthem's name is a reference to the indigenous name of the island, Borinquen; the music was originally composed as a dance in 1867 and gained popularity in the early 20th century; there is some evidence that the music was written by Francisco RAMIREZ; as a commonwealth of the US, "The Star-Spangled Banner" is official (see United States)

• Qatar

  name: "Al-Salam Al-Amiri" (The Amiri Salute)
  
  lyrics/music: Sheikh MUBARAK bin Saif al-Thani/Abdul Aziz Nasser OBAIDAN
  
  note: adopted 1996; anthem first performed that year at a meeting of the Gulf Cooperative Council hosted by Qatar

• Romania

  name: "Desteapta-te romane!" (Wake up, Romanian!)
  
  lyrics/music: Andrei MURESIANU/Anton PANN
  
  note: adopted 1990; the anthem was written during the 1848 Revolution

• Russia

  name: "Gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii" (National Anthem of the Russian Federation)
  
  lyrics/music: Sergey Vladimirovich MIKHALKOV/Aleksandr Vasilyevich ALEKSANDROV
  
  note: in 2000, Russia adopted the tune of the anthem of the former Soviet Union (composed in 1939); the lyrics, also adopted in 2000, were written by the same person who authored the Soviet lyrics in 1943

• Rwanda

  name: "Rwanda nziza" (Rwanda, Our Beautiful Country)
  
  lyrics/music: Faustin MURIGO/Jean-Bosco HASHAKAIMANA
  
  note: adopted 2001

• Saint Barthelemy

  name: "L'Hymne a St. Barthelemy" (Hymn to St. Barthelemy)
  
  lyrics/music: Isabelle Massart DERAVIN/Michael VALENTI
  
  note: local anthem in use since 1999; as a collectivity of France, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)

• Saint Helena, Ascension, and Tristan da Cunha

  note: as an overseas territory of the UK, "God Save the King" is official (see United Kingdom)

• Saint Kitts and Nevis

  name: "Oh Land of Beauty!"
  
  lyrics/music: Kenrick Anderson GEORGES
  
  note: adopted 1983

• Saint Lucia

  name: "Sons and Daughters of St. Lucia"
  
  lyrics/music: Charles JESSE/Leton Felix THOMAS
  
  note: adopted 1967

• Saint Martin

  name: "O Sweet Saint Martin's Land"
  
  lyrics/music: Gerard KEMPS
  
  note: the song, written in 1958, is used as an unofficial anthem for the entire island (both French and Dutch sides); as a collectivity of France, in addition to the local anthem, "La Marseillaise" remains official on the French side (see France); as a constituent part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, in addition to the local anthem, "Het Wilhelmus" remains official on the Dutch side (see Netherlands)

• Saint Pierre and Miquelon

  note: as a collectivity of France, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)

• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

  name: "St. Vincent! Land So Beautiful!"
  
  lyrics/music: Phyllis Joyce MCCLEAN PUNNETT/Joel Bertram MIGUEL
  
  note: adopted 1967

• Samoa

  name: "O le Fu'a o le Sa'olotoga o Samoa" (The Banner of Freedom)
  
  lyrics/music: Sauni Liga KURESA
  
  note: adopted 1962; also known as "Samoa Tula'i" (Samoa Arise)

• San Marino

  name: "Inno Nazionale della Repubblica" (National Anthem of the Republic)
  
  lyrics/music: no lyrics/Federico CONSOLO
  
  note: adopted 1894; the music for the lyric-less anthem is based on a 10th century chorale piece

• Sao Tome and Principe

  name: "Independencia total" (Total Independence)
  
  lyrics/music: Alda Neves DA GRACA do Espirito Santo/Manuel dos Santos Barreto de Sousa e ALMEIDA
  
  note: adopted 1975

• Saudi Arabia

  name: "Aash Al Maleek" (Long Live Our Beloved King)
  
  lyrics/music: Ibrahim KHAFAJI/Abdul Rahman al-KHATEEB
  
  note: music adopted 1947, lyrics adopted 1984

• Senegal

  name: "Pincez Tous vos Koras, Frappez les Balafons" (Pluck Your Koras, Strike the Balafons)
  
  lyrics/music: Leopold Sedar SENGHOR/Herbert PEPPER
  
  note: adopted 1960; lyrics written by Leopold Sedar SENGHOR, Senegal's first president; the anthem sometimes played incorporating the Koras (harp-like stringed instruments) and Balafons (types of xylophones) mentioned in the title

• Serbia

  name: "Boze pravde" (God of Justice)
  
  lyrics/music: Jovan DORDEVIC/Davorin JENKO
  
  note: adopted 1904; song originally written as part of a play in 1872 and has been used as an anthem by the Serbian people throughout the 20th and 21st centuries

• Seychelles

  name: "Koste Seselwa" (Seychellois Unite)
  
  lyrics/music: David Francois Marc ANDRE and George Charles Robert PAYET
  
  note: adopted 1996

• Sierra Leone

  name: "High We Exalt Thee, Realm of the Free"
  
  lyrics/music: Clifford Nelson FYLE/John Joseph AKA
  
  note: adopted 1961

• Singapore

  name: "Majulah Singapura" (Onward Singapore)
  
  lyrics/music: ZUBIR Said
  
  note: adopted 1965; first performed in 1958 at the Victoria Theatre, the anthem is sung only in Malay

• Sint Maarten

  name: O Sweet Saint Martin's Land
  
  lyrics/music: Gerard KEMPS
  
  note: the song, written in 1958, is used as an unofficial anthem for the entire island (both French and Dutch sides); as a collectivity of France, in addition to the local anthem, "La Marseillaise" is official on the French side (see France); as a constituent part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, in addition to the local anthem, "Het Wilhelmus" is official on the Dutch side (see Netherlands)

• Slovakia

  name: "Nad Tatrou sa blyska" (Lightning Over the Tatras)
  
  lyrics/music: Janko MATUSKA/traditional
  
  note: adopted 1993, in use since 1844; music based on the Slovak folk song "Kopala studienku" (She was digging a well)

• Slovenia

  name: "Zdravljica" (A Toast)
  
  lyrics/music: France PRESEREN/Stanko PREMRL
  
  note: adopted in 1989 while still part of Yugoslavia; originally written in 1848; the full poem, whose seventh verse is used as the anthem, speaks of pan-Slavic nationalism

• Solomon Islands

  name: "God Save Our Solomon Islands"
  
  lyrics/music: Panapasa BALEKANA and Matila BALEKANA/Panapasa BALEKANA
  
  note: adopted 1978

• Somalia

  name: "Qolobaa Calankeed" (Every Nation Has its own Flag)
  
  lyrics/music: lyrics/music: Abdullahi QARSHE
  
  note: adopted 2012; written in 1959

• South Africa

  name: "National Anthem of South Africa"
  
  lyrics/music: Enoch SONTONGA and Cornelius Jacob LANGENHOVEN/Enoch SONTONGA and Marthinus LOURENS de Villiers
  
  note: adopted 1994; a combination of "N'kosi Sikelel' iAfrica" (God Bless Africa) and "Die Stem van Suid Afrika" (The Call of South Africa), which were respectively the anthems of the non-white and white communities under apartheid; official lyrics contain a mixture of Xhosa, Zulu, Sesotho, Afrikaans, and English (i.e., the five most widely spoken of South Africa's 11 official languages); music incorporates the melody used in the Tanzanian and Zambian anthems

• South Sudan

  name: "South Sudan Oyee!" (Hooray!)
  
  lyrics/music: collective of 49 poets/Juba University students and teachers
  
  note: adopted 2011; anthem selected in a national contest

• Spain

  name: "Himno Nacional Espanol" (National Anthem of Spain)
  
  lyrics/music: no lyrics/unknown
  
  note: officially in use between 1770 and 1931, restored in 1939; the Spanish anthem is the first anthem to be officially adopted, but it has no lyrics; in the years prior to 1931 it became known as "Marcha Real" (The Royal March); it first appeared in a 1761 military bugle call book and was replaced by "Himno de Riego" in the years between 1931 and 1939; the long version of the anthem is used for the king, while the short version is used for the prince, prime minister, and occasions such as sporting events

• Sri Lanka

  name: "Sri Lanka Matha" (Mother Sri Lanka)
  
  lyrics/music: Ananda SAMARKONE
  
  note: adopted 1951

• Sudan

  name: "Nahnu Djundulla Djundulwatan" (We Are the Army of God and of Our Land)
  
  lyrics/music: Sayed Ahmad Muhammad SALIH/Ahmad MURJAN
  
  note: adopted 1956; originally served as the anthem of the Sudanese military

• Suriname

  name: "God zij met ons Suriname!" (God Be With Our Suriname)
  
  lyrics/music: Cornelis Atses HOEKSTRA and Henry DE ZIEL/Johannes Corstianus DE PUY
  
  note: adopted 1959; originally adapted from a Sunday school song written in 1893 and contains lyrics in both Dutch and Sranang Tongo

• Svalbard

  note: as a territory of Norway, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet" is official (see Norway)

• Sweden

  name: "Du Gamla, Du Fria" (Thou Ancient, Thou Free)
  
  lyrics/music: Richard DYBECK/traditional
  
  note: in use since 1844; also known as "Sang till Norden" (Song of the North), is based on a Swedish folk tune; it has never been officially adopted by the government; "Kungssangen" (The King's Song) serves as the royal anthem and is played in the presence of the royal family and during certain state ceremonies

• Switzerland

  name: the Swiss anthem has four names: "Schweizerpsalm" [German] "Cantique Suisse" [French] "Salmo svizzero," [Italian] "Psalm svizzer" [Romansch] (Swiss Psalm)
  
  lyrics/music: Leonhard WIDMER [German], Charles CHATELANAT [French], Camillo VALSANGIACOMO [Italian], and Flurin CAMATHIAS [Romansch]/Alberik ZWYSSIG
  
  note: unofficially adopted 1961, officially 1981; the anthem has been popular in a number of Swiss cantons since its composition (in German) in 1841; translated into the other three official languages of the country (French, Italian, and Romansch), it is official in each of those languages

• Syria

  name: "Humat ad-Diyar" (Guardians of the Homeland)
  
  lyrics/music: Khalil Mardam BEY/Mohammad Salim FLAYFEL and Ahmad Salim FLAYFEL
  
  note: adopted 1936, restored 1961; between 1958 and 1961, while Syria was a member of the United Arab Republic with Egypt, the country had a different anthem

• Taiwan

  name: "Zhonghua Minguo guoge" (National Anthem of the Republic of China)
  
  lyrics/music: HU Han-min, TAI Chi-t'ao, and LIAO Chung-k'ai/CHENG Mao-yun
  
  note: adopted 1930; also the song of the Kuomintang Party; it is informally known as "San Min Chu I" or "San Min Zhu Yi" (Three Principles of the People); because of political pressure from China, "Guo Qi Ge" (National Banner Song) is used at international events rather than the official anthem of Taiwan; the "National Banner Song" has gained popularity in Taiwan and is commonly used during flag raisings

• Tajikistan

  name: "Surudi milli" (National Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: Gulnazar KELDI/Sulaimon YUDAKOV
  
  note: adopted 1991; after the fall of the Soviet Union, Tajikistan kept the music of the anthem from its time as a Soviet republic but adopted new lyrics

• Tanzania

  name: "Mungu ibariki Afrika" (God Bless Africa)
  
  lyrics/music: collective/Enoch Mankayi SONTONGA
  
  note: adopted 1961; the anthem, which is also a popular song in Africa, shares the same melody with that of Zambia but has different lyrics; the melody is also incorporated into South Africa's anthem

• Thailand

  name: "Phleng Chat Thai" (National Anthem of Thailand)
  
  lyrics/music: Luang SARANUPRAPAN/Phra JENDURIYANG
  
  note: music adopted 1932, lyrics adopted 1939; by law, people are required to stand for the national anthem at 0800 and 1800 every day; the anthem is played in schools, offices, theaters, and on television and radio during this time; "Phleng Sanlasoen Phra Barami" (A Salute to the Monarch) serves as the royal anthem and is played in the presence of the royal family and during certain state ceremonies

• Timor-Leste

  name: "Patria" (Fatherland)
  
  lyrics/music: Fransisco Borja DA COSTA/Afonso DE ARAUJO
  
  note: adopted 2002; the song was first used as an anthem when Timor-Leste declared its independence from Portugal in 1975; the lyricist, Francisco Borja DA COSTA, was killed in the Indonesian invasion just days after independence was declared

• Togo

  name: "Salut a toi, pays de nos aieux" (Hail to Thee, Land of Our Forefathers)
  
  lyrics/music: Alex CASIMIR-DOSSEH
  
  note: adopted 1960, restored 1992; this anthem was replaced by another during one-party rule between 1979 and 1992

• Tokelau

  name: "Te Atua" (For the Almighty)
  
  lyrics/music: unknown/Falani KALOLO
  
  note: adopted 2008; in preparation for eventual self governance, Tokelau held a national contest to choose an anthem; as a territory of New Zealand, in addition to "God Defend New Zealand," "God Save the King" serves as a royal anthem (see United Kingdom); "God Save the King" normally played only when a member of the royal family or the governor-general is present; in all other cases, "God Defend New Zealand" is played (see New Zealand)

• Tonga

  name: "Ko e fasi `o e tu"i `o e `Otu Tonga" (Song of the King of the Tonga Islands)
  
  lyrics/music: Uelingatoni Ngu TUPOUMALOHI/Karl Gustavus SCHMITT
  
  note: in use since 1875; more commonly known as "Fasi Fakafonua" (National Song)

• Trinidad and Tobago

  name: "Forged From the Love of Liberty"
  
  lyrics/music: Patrick Stanislaus CASTAGNE
  
  note: adopted 1962; song originally created to serve as an anthem for the West Indies Federation; adopted by Trinidad and Tobago following the Federation's dissolution in 1962

• Tunisia

  name: "Humat Al Hima" (Defenders of the Homeland)
  
  lyrics/music: Mustafa Sadik AL-RAFII and Aboul-Qacem ECHEBBI/Mohamad Abdel WAHAB
  
  note: adopted 1957, replaced 1958, restored 1987; Mohamad Abdel WAHAB also composed the music for the anthem of the United Arab Emirates

• Turkey (Turkiye)

  name: "Istiklal Marsi" (Independence March)
  
  lyrics/music: Mehmet Akif ERSOY/Zeki UNGOR
  
  note: lyrics adopted 1921, music adopted 1932; the anthem's original music was adopted in 1924; a new composition was agreed upon in 1932

• Turkmenistan

  name: "Garassyz, Bitarap Turkmenistanyn" (Independent, Neutral, Turkmenistan State Anthem)
  
  lyrics/music: collective/Veli MUKHATOV
  
  note: adopted 1997, lyrics revised in 2008, to eliminate references to deceased President Saparmurat NYYAZOW

• Turks and Caicos Islands

  name: "This Land of Ours"
  
  lyrics/music: Conrad HOWELL
  
  note: serves as a local anthem; as an overseas territory of the UK, "God Save the King" is the official anthem (see United Kingdom)

• Tuvalu

  name: "Tuvalu mo te Atua" (Tuvalu for the Almighty)
  
  lyrics/music: Afaese MANOA
  
  note: adopted 1978; the anthem's name is also the nation's motto

• Uganda

  name: "Oh Uganda, Land of Beauty!"
  
  lyrics/music: George Wilberforce KAKOMOA
  
  note: adopted 1962

• Ukraine

  name: "Shche ne vmerla Ukraina" (Ukraine Has Not Yet Perished)
  
  lyrics/music: Paul CHUBYNSKYI/Mikhail VERBYTSKYI
  
  note: music adopted 1991, lyrics adopted 2003; song first performed in 1864 at the Ukraine Theatre in Lviv; the lyrics, originally written in 1862, were revised in 2003

• United Arab Emirates

  name: "Nashid al-watani al-imarati" (National Anthem of the UAE)
  
  lyrics/music: AREF Al Sheikh Abdullah Al Hassan/Mohamad Abdel WAHAB
  
  note: music adopted 1971, lyrics adopted 1996; Mohamad Abdel WAHAB also composed the music for the anthem of Tunisia

• United Kingdom

  name: "God Save the King"
  
  lyrics/music: unknown
  
  note: in use since 1745; by tradition, the song serves as both the national and royal anthem of the UK; it is known as either "God Save the Queen" or "God Save the King," depending on the gender of the reigning monarch; it also serves as the royal anthem of many Commonwealth nations

• United States

  name: "The Star-Spangled Banner"
  
  lyrics/music: Francis Scott KEY/John Stafford SMITH
  
  note: adopted 1931; during the War of 1812, after witnessing the successful American defense of Fort McHenry in Baltimore following British naval bombardment, Francis Scott KEY wrote the lyrics to what would become the national anthem; the lyrics were set to the tune of "The Anacreontic Song"; only the first verse is sung

• Uruguay

  name: "Himno Nacional" (National Anthem of Uruguay)
  
  lyrics/music: Francisco Esteban ACUNA de Figueroa/Francisco Jose DEBALI
  
  note: adopted 1848; the anthem is also known as "Orientales, la Patria o la tumba!" ("Uruguayans, the Fatherland or Death!"); it is the world's longest national anthem in terms of music (105 bars; almost five minutes); generally only the first verse and chorus are sung

• Uzbekistan

  name: "O'zbekiston Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi" (National Anthem of the Republic of Uzbekistan)
  
  lyrics/music: Abdulla ARIPOV/Mutal BURHANOV
  
  note: adopted 1992; after the fall of the Soviet Union, Uzbekistan kept the music of the anthem from its time as a Soviet Republic but adopted new lyrics

• Vanuatu

  name: "Yumi, Yumi, Yumi" (We, We, We)
  
  lyrics/music: Francois Vincent AYSSAV
  
  note: adopted 1980; the anthem is written in Bislama, a Creole language that mixes Pidgin English and French

• Venezuela

  name: "Gloria al bravo pueblo" (Glory to the Brave People)
  
  lyrics/music: Vicente SALIAS/Juan Jose LANDAETA
  
  note: adopted 1881; lyrics written in 1810, the music some years later; both SALIAS and LANDAETA were executed in 1814 during Venezuela's struggle for independence

• Vietnam

  name: "Tien quan ca" (The Song of the Marching Troops)
  
  lyrics/music: Nguyen Van CAO
  
  note: adopted as the national anthem of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1945; it became the national anthem of the unified Socialist Republic of Vietnam in 1976; although it consists of two verses, only the first is used as the official anthem

• Virgin Islands

  name: "Virgin Islands March"
  
  lyrics/music: multiple/Alton Augustus ADAMS, Sr.
  
  note: adopted 1963; serves as a local anthem; as a territory of the US, "The Star-Spangled Banner" is official (see United States)

• Wallis and Futuna

  note: as a territory of France, "La Marseillaise" is official (see France)

• World

  name: virtually every country has a national anthem; most (but not all) anthems have lyrics, which are usually in the national or most common language of the country; states with more than one national language may offer several versions of their anthem
  
  note: the world's oldest national anthem is the "Het Wilhelmus" (The William) of the Netherlands, which dates to the 17th century; the first national anthem to be officially adopted (1795) was "La Marseillaise" (The Song of Marseille) of France; Japan claims to have the world's shortest national anthem, entitled "Kimigayo" (The Emperor's Reign), it consists of 11 measures of music (the lyrics are also the world's oldest, dating to the 10th century or earlier); the world's longest national anthem in terms of lyrics is that of Greece, "Ymnos eis tin Eleftherian" (Hymn to Liberty) with 158 stanzas - only two of which are used; the world's longest national anthem in terms of music is that of Uruguay, "Himno Nacional" (National Anthem of Uruguay) with 105 bars (almost five minutes) - generally only the first verse and chorus are sung; both Denmark and New Zealand have two official national anthems

• Yemen

  name: "al-qumhuriyatu l-muttahida" (United Republic)
  
  lyrics/music: Abdullah Abdulwahab NOA'MAN/Ayyoab Tarish ABSI
  
  note: adopted 1990; the music first served as the anthem for South Yemen before unification with North Yemen in 1990

• Zambia

  name: "Lumbanyeni Zambia" (Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free)
  
  lyrics/music: multiple/Enoch Mankayi SONTONGA
  
  note: adopted 1964; the melody, from the popular song "God Bless Africa," is the same as that of Tanzania but with different lyrics; the melody is also incorporated into South Africa's anthem

• Zimbabwe

  name: "Kalibusiswe Ilizwe leZimbabwe" [Northern Ndebele language] "Simudzai Mureza WeZimbabwe" [Shona] (Blessed Be the Land of Zimbabwe)
  
  lyrics/music: Solomon MUTSWAIRO/Fred Lecture CHANGUNDEGA
  
  note: adopted 1994