CHRONOLOGY OF THE MISSILE AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT CENTER KALININGRAD 88 MOSKVA, USSR

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Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4
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RIPPUB
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T
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12
Document Creation Date: 
December 28, 2016
Document Release Date: 
July 27, 2005
Sequence Number: 
37
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Publication Date: 
June 1, 1967
Content Type: 
REPORT
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-RDP02T06408R00060001 0037-4 PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT CHRONOLOGY' OF THE MISSILE AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT CENTER KALININGRADSS MOSKVA, USSR Declass Review by NIMAIDOD GROUP I EXCLUDED FROM TOP SECRET Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-~DP02T06408R000600010037-4 JUNE 1967 COPY 116 9 PAGES AUTOMATIC DOWNGRADING AND DECLASSIFICATION 25X1 Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4 Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4 Approved high, is capable of handling missile assemblies vertically or horizontally. This high-bay section was reported to have been complete by 1956. 1/ The dimensions for the other ~~e~~1CC1--1 010037-4 600,000 square feet (sq ft) of roof cover (Figure 4) which includes several multistory administration/engineering buildings, a large fabrication/assembly building, and ad- ditional workshop and support buildings. NII 88 is believed to be located in the southern part of the center (Figure 5, Table 2), 1/ It has been developed extensively since 1942. Approximately 40 buildings were observed on the first photography in C Because of the small scale of early photography, several structures in the area could be identified only by a general description. A section in the northeast portion of the area contains several unidentified structures obscured by vege- tation, Presently, NII 88 contains at least 57 buildings with over 1 million sq ft of roof cover. The small Horizontal Test Facility is situated approxi- mately 1 nm east of Plant 88 (Figure 6, Table 3). The facility, which is road served, measures 2,500 by 1,750 feet. It contains a single horizontal test cell (Figure 6, item 15), a blast deflector (item 14), a checkout building (item 16), and 18 workshops and housing and support buildings. An explosives storage section is located to the east. Blast protection is provided by the heavy vegetation between the test position and this storage area. A housing quadrangle is also situated at the northwest corner of the facility. The horizontal test cell (item 15) measures 70 25X1 high-bay section (item 25c) are CHRONOLOGY OF THE MISSILE AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT CENTER KALININGRAD 88, MOSKVA, USSR INTRODUCTION This report is a study of the chronology of the Missile and Space Development Center Kaliningrad 88, Moskva, USSR 55-55N 037-48E). The center is rail served and is located in Kaliningrad, a surburb of Moskva (Figure 1) approximately 12 nautical miles (nm) north-northeast of the Kremlin and 12 nm east of the Missile and Space Propellant Development Center Khimki 456 55-54N 037-26E), The center is the location of a major Soviet ballistic missile and space research, development, and production effort. Parts of the site of the present center were once occupied by an artillery repair plant, the Central Artillery Design Bureau, and Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield (Figure 2). 1 Presently the center is divided into 4 separately secured facilities, 3 of which are contiguous (Figure 3)o Missile Plant No 88 (Post Box 924), the Central Design Bureau for Space and Intercontinental Rockets (Post Box 651), Scientific Re- search Institute No 88 (NII 88; Post Box 989), and a horizon- tal static test facility. 1/ For purposes of simplicity, these facilities will be called Plant 88, the Design Bureau, NII 88, and the Horizontal Test Facility throughout the rest of the report. Plant 88 (Figure 4, Table 1) has been identified in the central part of the center 1/. It is probably responsible for the fabrication, assembly, and checkout of the hardware pro- duced at the center, During World War II some of the buildings of the plant were used as an artillery repair plant. Most of the construction at Plant 88 was completed prior to 1962. The construction of 2 high-bay sections in a fabri- cation/assembly building (Figure 4, item 25, c and d) was particularly significant. The larger bay (item 25d), which measures 240 by 140 feet and is approximately 160 feet This section, completed in 1949, was reported to have been constructed for hydrostatic testing of missiles. 1/ The Design Bureau (Figure 4, Table 1) has been iden- tified in the northernmost part of the center. 1/ During World War II some of the buildings in the bureau served as the Central Artillery Design Bureau, The majority of the construction was accomplished between 1942 and 1962. The Design Bureau presently contains approximately Babushkn MOSKVA FIGURE 1. LOCATION MAP. TOP SECRET Approve --~ Railroad, double track - Railroad, single track - Road p Kaliningrad '~Tp -- - MkSSILE AND SPACE KFIIMKI DEVELOPMENT CENTER KALININGRAD 88 37-4 by with a small offset on the east side which measures feet. The exhaust from test firings is ~x1 25X1 25X1 25X1 directed into the concrete-faced blast deflector which is approximately 40 feet wide and 95 feet deep. The base of the deflector is approximately from the front 25X1 of the test building. No evidence of test firings has been detected at this facility; also, no vertical static test stands have been identified on I photography within or 25X1 near the center. 25X1 25X1 25X1 TOP SECRETI Approved For Release 005/08/02 : CIA-RDP0 TT 6408R000600010037-4 X1 2 FS 1 25X1 X1 Approved For Release T 005 08T - 06408R000600010037-4 2 X1 Approved For Releas II Approved For Release 2005/08/02: CIA-RDP02TO6408R000600010037-4 TOP SECRET 25X1 1 25X1 App rovedfpt ~elp~st~QaS(0 Dl 0037-4 25X1 HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MISSILE AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT CENTER KALININGRAD 88 Between been observe d 25 times on the center has photography. Data derived from these missions, including the function/descrip- tion, dimensions, and chronology of construction, are pre- sented in tabular form keyed to line drawings. In many instances the first evidence of construction and dates of completion could not be accurately determined due to the lack of photography. Furthermore, the photography of 1962 and 1963 was of poor interpretability and small scale. 1942-1962 The entire Kaliningrad vicinity was photographed by the Din 1942. At that time, the Design Bureau was an artillery design bureau and Plant 88 was an artil- lery repair plant, 1/ The artillery design bureau was composed of a multistory administration/engineeringbuild- ing (item 2), a large fabrication-type building (item 11), and several smaller shop buildings. The artillery repair plant contained approximately 590,000 sq ft of roof cover, the majority of which was housed in 10 shop buildings. Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield occupied what was to be the site of NIL 88. 1962 The entire center had not been observed on overhead photography for 20 years until the0 photography Although the photography was generally hazy and of poor interpretability, it revealed many extensive changes which had occurred in the 2 preceding decades. At plant 88, approximately 30 new buildings and addi- tions to existing facilities were observed in the former artillery repair plant area. The most significant addition was the construction of 2 high-bay assembly and checkout sections to the fabrication/assembly building (item 25). In the Design Bureau, new construction had included an addition to an administration/engineering building (item 2), 6 shop buildings, and 2 U-shaped administration buildings (items 20 and 21). Initial construction had also begun on a multistory engineering building (item 12). Roof cover for the Design Bureau totaled approximately 560,000 sq ft. The majority of construction had occurred at NIL 88 on the former site of Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield. At least 40 buildings, representing an increase of 880,500 sq ft of production and storage roof cover had been constructed. The Horizontal Test Facility was identified on this same photography. However, the poor interpretability of the photography precluded a detailed description of the facility at this time. 1963 The only changes observed at the center in 1963 occurred at NIl 88o A large fabrication/assembly building (item 5), under construction in 1962, appeared complete when observed in Photography of better interpreta- bility permitted the identification of 2 additional buildings (items 6 and 7). Construction had also begun on a section (item 4a) of the fabrication building (item 4). Extensive ground scarring indicated a continuing building program. 1964 Photography of 1964 was the first photography of good interpretability of the center. Numerous support and utility buildings were observed for the first time and the presence of the Horizontal Test Facility was confirmed, No significant change was observed at Plant 88. At the Design Bureau, roofing on an engineering building (item 12), under construction in 1962, appeared complete. However, ground photography of showed that building. 1/ construction was still continuing on this At NII 88 a high-bay section was completed on the west end of a fabrication/assembly building (item 44). The bay measures approximately 240 by 80 feet. The height could not be determined. 1965 No change was observed at Plant 88. At the Design Bureau, the engineering building (item 12) appeared complete on large scale photography Construction was continuing at NIL 88; a probable storage building (item 39) and 2 workshops (items 2 and 15) were completed in IA section of the large fabrication building (item 4b) was completed in This building, excluding the multistory administration/engineer- Approved Q RR J !08102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000000l 0037-4 ing section, has a working area measuring 560 by 115 feet with an area of 64,400 sq ft. Additional new construction included 2 support buildings (items 33 and 43). 1966 At NII 88, 3 new workshops (items 1, 16, and 43), and a possible engineering building (item 3) were observed. A high-bay section measuring approximately 75 by 55 feet was added to a test/assembly building (item 34), Construc- tion on an unidentified building (item 33) continued. Ground scarring throughout NII 88 indicated a continuing building program. The only discernible change at the Horizontal Test Facility in the 4 years since its identification occurred in early 1966. A new workshop (item i) was erected on the west side of the facility. SUMMARY The center has undergone a tremendous building pro- gram since 1942. The great majority of the large fabrication buildings and workshops were constructed prior to the first hotography of 1962. The floorspace of Plant 88 had more than doubled during this time period from approxi- mately 590,000 sq ft to 1.6 million sq ft. However, almost half of this total is contained in 2 massive fabrication/ assembly buildings. Although the Design Bureau and Plant 88 have been greatly expanded, the most extensive develop- 25X1 ment has been at NII 88 in the area formerly identified as 25X1 Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield. At NII 88 the approximately 60 buildings presently have a roof cover of over 1,2 million sq ft, and the con- struction activity is apparently continuing, No vertical test stands were discernible within or near the center. There has been no photographic evidence of firings at the Horizontal Test Facility; however, this may be due in part to the relatively poor and intermittent photography of the facility. Furthermore, the general lack of large-scale photography of the entire center has precluded a more definitive functional analysis of the buildings and structures in their respective areas. Mission 25X1 provides the latest photography 25X1 of the center discussed in this report. 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 *--- Railroad Road -w- Wall ? Tank * Semiburied tank o Stack 200 0 500 Approve Buildings are color coded to show periods of significant construction 10037-4 V~eJCI.RC FIGURE 4. LAYOUT OF PLANT 88 AND DESIGN BUREAU. Table 1. Description and Chronology of Strnetures at Plant 88 and Design Bureau (Vern numbers are keyed to Figure 4) Dimensions Roof Date Date Dimensions Roof Date Date Item Function/Description (ft)* Cover First Considered Explanatory Notes Item Function/Description (ft)* Cover First Considered Explanatory Notes L W (sgft) Observed** Ccmplete*** L W (sgfL) Observed" Complete*** 27 Unidentified bldg 160 x 40 6,400 1 Warehouse/workshop 685 x 110 75,350 2 Shop bldg Irregular 19,976 28 Forge Irregular 86,625 29 Warehouse/workshop 980 x 90 88,200 Addition was constructed on the 3 Support bldg 195 x 40 5,800 (overall) north side of this bldg during the 4 Support bldg 80 x 60 4, 800 gap in photography 5 Shop bldg 140 x 30 4,200 Dimensions are approximate a. Old serticn 510 x 90 r 45,)00 Approximate dimensions 6 Shop bldg 155 x 90 13,950 b. New section 470 x 90 42,300 Approximate dimensions 7 Woodworking shop Irregular 58,100 30 Powerplant 230 x 120 600 27 8 Probable workshop 175 x 70 12 250 , 9 0 Admin/engineering bldg l 265 x 60 , 17,100 DESIG N BUREAU 1 Admin/engineering b dg 395 x 55 21,725 1 Storage bldg 100 x 60 6,000 11 Admin/engineering bldg 425 x 60 25,500 2 Admin/engineering bldg Irregular 67,075 Annex was constructed on the north 12 Machine shop Irregular 48,125 side of the bldg between 1942 and 13 Probable workshop 290 x 55 15950 1962 14 Workshop 215 x 80 17,200 a, Old section - 35,150 15 Support bldg 100 x 40 4,000 b. New section - 31,925 16 Machine shop 0 3 Support bldg ]OOx 50 5,000 Measurements are approximate 17 Fabrication/assembly bldg 910 x 410 373,100 High-bay section erected on south 4 Machine shop 19ox 140 26,600 Roofing construction was observed end of bldg between 1942 and at the bldg ii 1962; height is undetermined 5 Machine shop/fabrication bld g Irregular 55,250 18 Warehouse 535 x 60 32,100 Bldg extended approximately 215 ft 6 Powerplant Irregular 10,750 on south end prior to 1962 7 Warehouse 140 x 50 7,000 19 Support bldg 140 x 35 4,900 8 Unidentified bldg Irregular 14,450 20 Warehouse/workshop Irregular 60,650 9 Support bldg 110 x 45 4,950 21 Admin bldg Irregular 14,400 10 Shop bldg 110 x 110 12,100 Measurements are approximate (overall) 22 Probable workshop 220 x 110 24,200 II Fabrication bldg 500 x 420 210 000 23 Support bldg 120 x 50 6,000 12 Engineering bldg 300 x 155 , 31,500 24 Machine shop 370 x 235 86,950 Addition construction on the west 13 Support bldg 175 x 40 7,000 Roofing appeared complete in~ side of bldg prior to 1962 ground photography) 25 Fabrication/assembly bldg 1,000x 370 370,000 Test hays and northern half were revealed dg was incomplete; on (overall) constructed prior to 1962 large scale photography of I I a d section 525 x 370 194,250 bldg appears complete h' New section 475 x 370 175,750 14 Support bldg 85 x 30 2,550 c Vertical test bay 1 125 x 85 10,625 Reported complete by collateral 15 Machine shop Irregular 50,875 source in 1949; height) w 16 Admin bldg 235 x 45 10,575 d Vertical test bay 2 240 x 140 33,600 Reported complete by collateral 17 Shop bldg 105 x 75 7,875 source in 1956; height 160 ft j,/ 18 Shop bldg 105 x 90 9,450 26 Probable machine shop 260 x 180 46,800 Former bldg was apparently razed 19 Shop bldg 140 x 115 16,100 prior trIto provide a con- 20 Admin/engineering bldg Irregular 22,150 struction site or this new bldg 21 Admin/engineering bldg Irregular 22,150 *Dimensions are accurate to within on large bldgs; !5% on small bldgs. **Unless otherwise noted, Date First Observed gives the date when the structure is recognizable as a structure. ***Unless otherwise noted, Date Considered Complete gives the date when the structure outwardly appears to be complete and may not he related to the operational date. Approved PoY R~f2a~1~8102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R00064010037-4 ~x1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X TOP SECRET Approved For Release pubmts - 6408R000600010037-4 Table 7. Des oeiption and Chronology of Structures at N71 88 (flew -b", are keyed to Figoee b) 25X1 25X1 c 25X1 Item Funotion/Deeoriptien Dimensions (ft). L W Roof Cover (s4 ft) Date First Observed'- Date Considered Complete'** Explanatory Notes Item Function/Description Dimensions (ft)* L W Roof Cover (at ft) Data First Observed** Dote Considered Complete *? Explanatory Notes I New workshop 255 x 50 12,750 Roofing completed in 5 ...the 28 Support bldg 95 x 60 5700 2 Workshop 120 x 85 10,200 29 Storage bids 146 x 30 4,350 25 3 Possible engineering bldg 320 x 45 14,400 30 Stoeago bldg 80 x 35 2,800 4 Fabrication bldg 31 Support bldg 100 x 55 5,500 195 x 85 16,575 Coosteoo tion on the mult[etory ad- 32 Storage bldgs (2) 65 x 35 2,276 min/engineering section begun in 70 x 45 3,150 oofing completed by r 33 Unidentified bldg 0/0 -- -- rd scarring first evident in 1965 G oun 34 Toet/assembly bldg 180 x 55 9,900 High-bay section on the west and 560 x 115 64,400 conoorrent nonatruetian done o of the bldg was net bogus until the large shop area not oompleted late 1965 -tor-1 36 Admin/engineering bldg Irregular 37,250 135 x 30 4,050 Smali bldg one at right angle to 36 Workshop 200 x 60 12,000 rn bldg; area between the bldg, 37 Workshop 180 x 140 25,200 is enoloeed by fencing 38 Storage bldg 135 x 40 5,400 5 Fabrication/assembly bldg 350 0 345 120,750 39 Probable storage bldg 135 60 8,100 6 Unidentified bldg 150 x 35 5,250 Ito me 6 and 7 are oonneoted by a 40 41 Probable storage bldg Storage bldg/workshop 245 x 30 245 x 35 7,350 8,576 prob overhead pipeline which ex- 42 Horizontal pressure bottles -- -- Approximately 50 horizontal bottles tends into the area between items have been identified; they are. 65 29 and 30 ft long and an undetermined width; 7 Unidentified bldg 170 x 30 5,100 Nature of this etruoture is umdeter- to bottle farms at TsAGI; m[lar 8 S t bld 75 45 3 375 turned .2/ poor interpretability of 62-63 9 uppor g Possible heat plant 135 x 40 , 5,400 photography precluded confirma- tion of oooetroction status at that 10 Probablo machine ahoy Irregular 23,825 time 11 Workshop 100 x 45 4,500 43 New workshop 235 x 80 18,800 Ground preparation ay have begun 12 13 Possible workshop k h workshop 20 50 135 x 45 6,000 6,005 arlyaso 25 e 19 Wor s o Workshop 200 0 65 13,000 44 Fabrication/assembly bldg 685 x 135 92,475 bay (240 by BO ft) section High 15 Workshop 315 x 115 36,225 Faint ground .na ming was visible ossibly for aaaamy and [eating; p bld usable in did of early 1964; bldg is now jcimed be item 14; pose construction ob- ^ g ; appear complete until 9 % 1 served south of this building 45 Storage bldg 100 x 90 9,000 Although this bldg was not dieter 9 0 16 Now workshop 170 x 50 8,500 0 0 ble until 1963 , it may have bee 17 Probable machine shop 310 x 136 41,860 pre sa nt In IB62 (overa Ll) 46 Workshop 195 x 50 8,750 18 Workshop 175 x 40 7,000 47 Workshop 415 x 75 31,125 1 9 Workshop 140 x 55 7,700 48 Machine shop 200 0 100 20,000 20 Machine "hop/assembly Irregular 108,750 49 Possible machine shop Irrular eg 18,300 bldg 60 Workshop 205 x 45 9,226 21 Unidentified bldg 90 x 30 2,700 51 Workshop 155 x 40 6,200 22 Workshop 150 x 45 6,750 52 Admin bldg 205 x 41 9,225 23 Workshop 196 x 55 10,726 53 Support bldg 136 x 80 10,800 24 Workshop 265 x 60 15,900 65 Admin/engineering bldg 310 x 60 12,000 25 Fabrication/assembly bldg 660 x 320 208,000 55 Admin/engineering bldg 400 x BO 32,000 26 Workshop 165 x 50 7,750 56 Admin/engineering bldg 420 0 60 25,200 27 Admin bldg 195 x 60 11,700 57 Admin/en ginee ring bldg 140 x. 45 6,300 25X1 * *Dimensions are. a?,10,190 to within n large bldgs; !57 be small bldgs. *Unl000 otherwiseaoted, Dote First corned 91000 the deter robes the strno Table 3. Description and Chronology of Structures of the Aorieeotol Tare Fooility (flew numbers are keyed 1, Figure 6) 26X1 bldg SUppo[L bldg Engineering/laboratory Unidentified bldg Support bldg Stop bldg 18,000 Shop bldg 85 35 2,975 A Poeaiblc laboratory bldg 9 Possible laboratory bldg 25X1 10 Storago bldg/workshop 25X1 Di Unlm sens are a ra a co within Hen luearge bldg, e5O o small bldg.. a a turo. **ees otherwise noted, Date Fibbt rd gives the date whoa the --- 1s ,cognizable atruo ***Unlese otherwise noted, Date Considered Complete gives the data when the structure outwardly appears to be "'p"" 25X1 and may not be related to the operational date. -6- Approved For Release 2005/08/02 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4 lien I Funotion/Description Dimensions (Pt)e L W Roof Cover (04 ft) Date First Obsorvad** D000 Considered Complete*** Explanatory Notes Item Funotion/Description Dimensions (65) L W Roof Cover (sq ft) Date First Observed** Date Considered Complete'? Explanatory Notes 1 Probable new workshop Only new construction evident at 11 Workshop the test facility since 1962 12 Probable housing units (4) L-shaped 32,000 Lo aat nd -bide a the faeihty 2 2 meter pen 3 Multistory bldg 13 14 Admin bldg IIlaet deflactoe -- 5,640 A o ly~fxom teat cel/~( } d g 15 Horizontal teat cell Irregular 2,480 No eoon Y No evr idence of test [i rings hers been visible on the email-scale 6 hotography avaffable p 7 I6 Checkout bldg 160 x 70 11,200 l7 Explosives storage bldg 40 x 40 1,600 Measurement is approximate 18 Explosives storage bldg 70 x 35 2,450 X1 ~/ //JUG` 5XI `, rF W J V[,T` r A -I X1 TOP SECRET I 25DC1 Approved{rp~~elp~s~.~Qp5{0 0037-4 I I II uu ~~tt~~,,~P((CC ~~ 25X1 Item numbers are keyed to Table 2 Buildings ore color coded to show Railroad Road Pipeline Fence Wall 200 0 500 xPIc POSSIBLE ; CONVEYER/WALKWAY I period of significant construction FIGURE 5. LAYOUT OF NH 88. UNDER CONSTRUCTION INACTIVE RAILROAD HORIZONTAL' PRESSURE BOTTLES TO HORIZONTAL TEST FACILITY TO PLANT 88 Approved Fo'r R~f0S1 8102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R00060 FEET APPROXIMATE) D01 0037-4 CULTIVATED AREA REVETMENT Item numbers are keyed to Table 3 Road Wall Bunker 200 BLAST POSSIBLE WATER TOWER NII 88 AND PLANT 88 FEET APPROXIMATE) 500 CULTIVATED AREA Buildings ore color coded to show periods of significant construction FIGURE 6. LAYOUT OF HORIZONTAL TEST FACILITY. 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 i Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4 Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4 Approved~els~0 010037-4 25X1 REFERENCES (Continued) MAPS OR CHARTS ACIC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, sheet 0167-5 DOCUMENTS 1. NPIC. R-51/63, Moskva Guided Missile Plant and Experimental Station, Kaliningrad 88, Apr 63 (TOP SECREI_____________ NPIC. Moscow Guided Missile Plant and Experimental Station Kaliningrad No 88, USSR, January 1965, May 65 (TOPS ET 2. NPIC. I ICentral Aerohydrodynamic institute (TsAGI), Ramenskoye, USSR, Apr 67 (TOP SECRET REQUIREMENT CIA. C-DI5-82,973 NPIC PROJECT 11212/66 (partial answer) TOP SECRET Approved br Release 2005 00102 CIA-RDPO2TOO400R000I 30010037-4 0 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 25X1 Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4 Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4