-RDP02T06408R00060001 0037-4
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
CHRONOLOGY' OF THE MISSILE
AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT CENTER
KALININGRADSS
MOSKVA, USSR
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JUNE 1967
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high, is capable of handling missile assemblies vertically or
horizontally. This high-bay section was reported to have
been complete by 1956. 1/ The dimensions for the other
~~e~~1CC1--1
010037-4
600,000 square feet (sq ft) of roof cover (Figure 4) which
includes several multistory administration/engineering
buildings, a large fabrication/assembly building, and ad-
ditional workshop and support buildings.
NII 88 is believed to be located in the southern part of
the center (Figure 5, Table 2), 1/ It has been developed
extensively since 1942. Approximately 40 buildings were
observed on the first photography in C
Because of the small scale of early photography, several
structures in the area could be identified only by a general
description. A section in the northeast portion of the area
contains several unidentified structures obscured by vege-
tation, Presently, NII 88 contains at least 57 buildings
with over 1 million sq ft of roof cover.
The small Horizontal Test Facility is situated approxi-
mately 1 nm east of Plant 88 (Figure 6, Table 3). The
facility, which is road served, measures 2,500 by 1,750
feet. It contains a single horizontal test cell (Figure 6,
item 15), a blast deflector (item 14), a checkout building
(item 16), and 18 workshops and housing and support
buildings. An explosives storage section is located to the
east. Blast protection is provided by the heavy vegetation
between the test position and this storage area. A housing
quadrangle is also situated at the northwest corner of the
facility. The horizontal test cell (item 15) measures 70
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high-bay section (item 25c) are
CHRONOLOGY OF THE MISSILE AND SPACE DEVELOPMENT CENTER
KALININGRAD 88, MOSKVA, USSR
INTRODUCTION
This report is a study of the chronology of the Missile
and Space Development Center Kaliningrad 88, Moskva,
USSR
55-55N 037-48E). The center
is rail served and is located in Kaliningrad, a surburb
of Moskva (Figure 1) approximately 12 nautical miles
(nm) north-northeast of the Kremlin and 12 nm east of
the Missile and Space Propellant Development Center
Khimki 456 55-54N 037-26E), The
center is the location of a major Soviet ballistic missile
and space research, development, and production effort.
Parts of the site of the present center were once
occupied by an artillery repair plant, the Central Artillery
Design Bureau, and Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield (Figure 2).
1 Presently the center is divided into 4 separately secured
facilities, 3 of which are contiguous (Figure 3)o Missile Plant
No 88 (Post Box 924), the Central Design Bureau for Space
and Intercontinental Rockets (Post Box 651), Scientific Re-
search Institute No 88 (NII 88; Post Box 989), and a horizon-
tal static test facility. 1/ For purposes of simplicity, these
facilities will be called Plant 88, the Design Bureau, NII 88,
and the Horizontal Test Facility throughout the rest of the
report.
Plant 88 (Figure 4, Table 1) has been identified in the
central part of the center 1/. It is probably responsible for
the fabrication, assembly, and checkout of the hardware pro-
duced at the center, During World War II some of the
buildings of the plant were used as an artillery repair plant.
Most of the construction at Plant 88 was completed prior to
1962. The construction of 2 high-bay sections in a fabri-
cation/assembly building (Figure 4, item 25, c and d) was
particularly significant. The larger bay (item 25d), which
measures 240 by 140 feet and is approximately 160 feet
This section, completed in 1949, was reported to have been
constructed for hydrostatic testing of missiles. 1/
The Design Bureau (Figure 4, Table 1) has been iden-
tified in the northernmost part of the center. 1/ During
World War II some of the buildings in the bureau served
as the Central Artillery Design Bureau, The majority
of the construction was accomplished between 1942 and
1962. The Design Bureau presently contains approximately
Babushkn
MOSKVA
FIGURE 1. LOCATION MAP.
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--~ Railroad, double track
- Railroad, single track
- Road
p
Kaliningrad
'~Tp -- - MkSSILE AND SPACE
KFIIMKI DEVELOPMENT CENTER
KALININGRAD 88
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by with a small offset on the east side which
measures feet. The exhaust from test firings is
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directed into the concrete-faced blast deflector which is
approximately 40 feet wide and 95 feet deep. The base
of the deflector is approximately from the front 25X1
of the test building. No evidence of test firings has been
detected at this facility; also, no vertical static test stands
have been identified on I photography within or 25X1
near the center.
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HIGHLIGHTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT
OF MISSILE AND SPACE
DEVELOPMENT CENTER
KALININGRAD 88
Between
been observe
d 25 times on
the center has
photography. Data
derived from these missions, including the function/descrip-
tion, dimensions, and chronology of construction, are pre-
sented in tabular form keyed to line drawings. In many
instances the first evidence of construction and dates of
completion could not be accurately determined due to the
lack of photography. Furthermore, the photography of
1962 and 1963 was of poor interpretability and small scale.
1942-1962
The entire Kaliningrad vicinity was photographed by
the Din 1942. At that time, the Design Bureau
was an artillery design bureau and Plant 88 was an artil-
lery repair plant, 1/ The artillery design bureau was
composed of a multistory administration/engineeringbuild-
ing (item 2), a large fabrication-type building (item 11),
and several smaller shop buildings. The artillery repair
plant contained approximately 590,000 sq ft of roof cover,
the majority of which was housed in 10 shop buildings.
Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield occupied what was to be the
site of NIL 88.
1962
The entire center had not been observed on overhead
photography for 20 years until the0 photography
Although the photography was generally hazy and
of poor interpretability, it revealed many extensive changes
which had occurred in the 2 preceding decades.
At plant 88, approximately 30 new buildings and addi-
tions to existing facilities were observed in the former
artillery repair plant area. The most significant addition
was the construction of 2 high-bay assembly and checkout
sections to the fabrication/assembly building (item 25).
In the Design Bureau, new construction had included
an addition to an administration/engineering building (item
2), 6 shop buildings, and 2 U-shaped administration buildings
(items 20 and 21). Initial construction had also begun on a
multistory engineering building (item 12). Roof cover for
the Design Bureau totaled approximately 560,000 sq ft.
The majority of construction had occurred at NIL 88
on the former site of Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield. At
least 40 buildings, representing an increase of 880,500
sq ft of production and storage roof cover had been
constructed.
The Horizontal Test Facility was identified on this same
photography. However, the poor interpretability of the
photography precluded a detailed description of the facility
at this time.
1963
The only changes observed at the center in 1963
occurred at NIl 88o A large fabrication/assembly building
(item 5), under construction in 1962, appeared complete
when observed in Photography of better interpreta-
bility permitted the identification of 2 additional buildings
(items 6 and 7). Construction had also begun on a section
(item 4a) of the fabrication building (item 4). Extensive
ground scarring indicated a continuing building program.
1964
Photography of 1964 was the first photography of good
interpretability of the center. Numerous support and
utility buildings were observed for the first time and the
presence of the Horizontal Test Facility was confirmed,
No significant change was observed at Plant 88.
At the Design Bureau, roofing on an engineering
building (item 12), under construction in 1962, appeared
complete. However, ground photography of
showed that
building. 1/
construction was still continuing on this
At NII 88 a high-bay section was completed on the
west end of a fabrication/assembly building (item 44).
The bay measures approximately 240 by 80 feet. The
height could not be determined.
1965
No change was observed at Plant 88.
At the Design Bureau, the engineering building (item 12)
appeared complete on large scale photography
Construction was continuing at NIL 88; a probable
storage building (item 39) and 2 workshops (items 2 and 15)
were completed in IA section of the large fabrication
building (item 4b) was completed in This
building, excluding the multistory administration/engineer-
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ing section, has a working area measuring 560 by 115 feet
with an area of 64,400 sq ft. Additional new construction
included 2 support buildings (items 33 and 43).
1966
At NII 88, 3 new workshops (items 1, 16, and 43), and
a possible engineering building (item 3) were observed. A
high-bay section measuring approximately 75 by 55 feet
was added to a test/assembly building (item 34), Construc-
tion on an unidentified building (item 33) continued. Ground
scarring throughout NII 88 indicated a continuing building
program.
The only discernible change at the Horizontal Test
Facility in the 4 years since its identification occurred in
early 1966. A new workshop (item i) was erected on the
west side of the facility.
SUMMARY
The center has undergone a tremendous building pro-
gram since 1942. The great majority of the large fabrication
buildings and workshops were constructed prior to the first
hotography of 1962. The floorspace of Plant 88
had more than doubled during this time period from approxi-
mately 590,000 sq ft to 1.6 million sq ft. However, almost
half of this total is contained in 2 massive fabrication/
assembly buildings. Although the Design Bureau and Plant
88 have been greatly expanded, the most extensive develop-
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ment has been at NII 88 in the area formerly identified as 25X1
Moscow/Kaliningrad Airfield.
At NII 88 the approximately 60 buildings presently
have a roof cover of over 1,2 million sq ft, and the con-
struction activity is apparently continuing,
No vertical test stands were discernible within or
near the center. There has been no photographic evidence
of firings at the Horizontal Test Facility; however, this
may be due in part to the relatively poor and intermittent
photography of the facility. Furthermore, the general
lack of large-scale photography of the entire center has
precluded a more definitive functional analysis of the
buildings and structures in their respective areas. Mission
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provides the latest photography 25X1
of the center discussed in this report.
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*--- Railroad
Road
-w- Wall
? Tank
* Semiburied tank
o Stack
200 0 500
Approve
Buildings are color coded to show
periods of significant construction
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V~eJCI.RC
FIGURE 4. LAYOUT OF PLANT 88 AND DESIGN BUREAU.
Table 1. Description and Chronology of Strnetures at Plant 88 and Design Bureau
(Vern numbers are keyed to Figure 4)
Dimensions
Roof
Date
Date
Dimensions
Roof
Date
Date
Item
Function/Description
(ft)*
Cover
First
Considered
Explanatory Notes
Item
Function/Description
(ft)*
Cover
First
Considered
Explanatory Notes
L W
(sgft)
Observed**
Ccmplete***
L W
(sgfL)
Observed"
Complete***
27
Unidentified bldg
160 x 40
6,400
1
Warehouse/workshop
685 x 110
75,350
2
Shop bldg
Irregular
19,976
28
Forge
Irregular
86,625
29
Warehouse/workshop
980 x 90
88,200
Addition was constructed on the
3
Support bldg
195 x 40
5,800
(overall)
north side of this bldg during the
4
Support bldg
80 x 60
4, 800
gap in photography
5
Shop bldg
140 x 30
4,200
Dimensions are approximate
a. Old serticn
510 x 90
r
45,)00
Approximate dimensions
6
Shop bldg
155 x 90
13,950
b. New section
470 x 90
42,300
Approximate dimensions
7
Woodworking shop
Irregular
58,100
30
Powerplant
230 x 120
600
27
8
Probable workshop
175 x 70
12
250
,
9
0
Admin/engineering bldg
l
265 x 60
,
17,100
DESIG
N BUREAU
1
Admin/engineering b
dg
395 x 55
21,725
1
Storage bldg
100 x 60
6,000
11
Admin/engineering bldg
425 x 60
25,500
2
Admin/engineering bldg
Irregular
67,075
Annex was constructed on the north
12
Machine shop
Irregular
48,125
side of the bldg between 1942 and
13
Probable workshop
290 x 55
15950
1962
14
Workshop
215 x 80
17,200
a, Old section
-
35,150
15
Support bldg
100 x 40
4,000
b. New section
-
31,925
16
Machine shop
0
3
Support bldg
]OOx 50
5,000
Measurements are approximate
17
Fabrication/assembly bldg
910 x 410
373,100
High-bay section erected on south
4
Machine shop
19ox 140
26,600
Roofing construction was observed
end of bldg between 1942 and
at the bldg ii
1962; height is undetermined
5
Machine shop/fabrication bld
g Irregular
55,250
18
Warehouse
535 x 60
32,100
Bldg extended approximately 215 ft
6
Powerplant
Irregular
10,750
on south end prior to 1962
7
Warehouse
140 x 50
7,000
19
Support bldg
140 x 35
4,900
8
Unidentified bldg
Irregular
14,450
20
Warehouse/workshop
Irregular
60,650
9
Support bldg
110 x 45
4,950
21
Admin bldg
Irregular
14,400
10
Shop bldg
110 x 110
12,100
Measurements are approximate
(overall)
22
Probable workshop
220 x 110
24,200
II
Fabrication bldg
500 x 420
210
000
23
Support bldg
120 x 50
6,000
12
Engineering bldg
300 x 155
,
31,500
24
Machine shop
370 x 235
86,950
Addition construction on the west
13
Support bldg
175 x 40
7,000
Roofing appeared complete in~
side of bldg prior to 1962
ground photography)
25
Fabrication/assembly bldg
1,000x 370
370,000
Test hays and northern half were
revealed dg was incomplete; on
(overall)
constructed prior to 1962
large scale photography of I I
a d section
525 x 370
194,250
bldg appears complete
h' New section
475 x 370
175,750
14
Support bldg
85 x 30
2,550
c Vertical test bay 1
125 x 85
10,625
Reported complete by collateral
15
Machine shop
Irregular
50,875
source in 1949; height) w
16
Admin bldg
235 x 45
10,575
d Vertical test bay 2
240 x 140
33,600
Reported complete by collateral
17
Shop bldg
105 x 75
7,875
source in 1956; height 160 ft j,/
18
Shop bldg
105 x 90
9,450
26
Probable machine shop
260 x 180
46,800
Former bldg was apparently razed
19
Shop bldg
140 x 115
16,100
prior trIto provide a con-
20
Admin/engineering bldg
Irregular
22,150
struction site or this new bldg
21
Admin/engineering bldg
Irregular
22,150
*Dimensions are accurate to within on large bldgs; !5% on small bldgs.
**Unless otherwise noted, Date First Observed gives the date when the structure is recognizable as a structure.
***Unless otherwise noted, Date Considered Complete gives the date when the structure outwardly appears to be complete and
may not he related to the operational date.
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Table 7. Des oeiption and Chronology of Structures at N71 88
(flew -b", are keyed to Figoee b)
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c
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Item
Funotion/Deeoriptien
Dimensions
(ft).
L W
Roof
Cover
(s4 ft)
Date
First
Observed'-
Date
Considered
Complete'**
Explanatory Notes
Item
Function/Description
Dimensions
(ft)*
L W
Roof
Cover
(at ft)
Data
First
Observed**
Dote
Considered
Complete *?
Explanatory Notes
I
New workshop
255 x 50
12,750
Roofing completed in 5 ...the
28
Support bldg
95 x 60
5700
2
Workshop
120 x 85
10,200
29
Storage bids
146 x 30
4,350
25
3
Possible engineering bldg
320 x 45
14,400
30
Stoeago bldg
80 x 35
2,800
4
Fabrication bldg
31
Support bldg
100 x 55
5,500
195 x 85
16,575
Coosteoo tion on the mult[etory ad-
32
Storage bldgs (2)
65 x 35
2,276
min/engineering section begun in
70 x 45
3,150
oofing completed by
r
33
Unidentified bldg 0/0
--
--
rd scarring first evident in 1965
G oun
34
Toet/assembly bldg
180 x 55
9,900
High-bay section on the west and
560 x 115
64,400
conoorrent nonatruetian done o
of the bldg was net bogus until
the large shop area not oompleted
late 1965
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36
Admin/engineering bldg
Irregular
37,250
135 x 30
4,050
Smali bldg one at right angle to
36
Workshop
200 x 60
12,000
rn bldg; area between the bldg,
37
Workshop
180 x 140
25,200
is enoloeed by fencing
38
Storage bldg
135 x 40
5,400
5
Fabrication/assembly bldg
350 0 345
120,750
39
Probable storage bldg
135 60
8,100
6
Unidentified bldg
150 x 35
5,250
Ito me 6 and 7 are oonneoted by a
40
41
Probable storage bldg
Storage bldg/workshop
245 x 30
245 x 35
7,350
8,576
prob overhead pipeline which ex-
42
Horizontal pressure bottles
--
--
Approximately 50 horizontal bottles
tends into the area between items
have been identified; they are. 65
29 and 30
ft long and an undetermined width;
7
Unidentified bldg
170 x 30
5,100
Nature of this etruoture is umdeter-
to bottle farms at TsAGI;
m[lar
8
S
t bld
75 45
3
375
turned
.2/ poor interpretability of 62-63
9
uppor
g
Possible heat plant
135 x 40
,
5,400
photography precluded confirma-
tion of oooetroction status at that
10
Probablo machine ahoy
Irregular
23,825
time
11
Workshop
100 x 45
4,500
43
New workshop
235 x 80
18,800
Ground preparation ay have begun
12
13
Possible workshop
k
h
workshop
20 50
135 x 45
6,000
6,005
arlyaso 25
e
19
Wor
s
o
Workshop
200 0 65
13,000
44
Fabrication/assembly bldg
685 x 135
92,475
bay (240 by BO ft)
section
High
15
Workshop
315 x 115
36,225
Faint ground .na ming was visible
ossibly for aaaamy and [eating;
p
bld
usable in
did of
early 1964; bldg is now jcimed
be item 14; pose construction ob-
^
g
;
appear complete until
9
%
1
served south of this building
45
Storage bldg
100 x 90
9,000
Although this bldg was not dieter
9
0
16
Now workshop
170 x 50
8,500
0
0
ble until 1963 , it may
have bee
17
Probable machine shop
310 x 136
41,860
pre sa nt In IB62
(overa Ll)
46
Workshop
195 x 50
8,750
18
Workshop
175 x 40
7,000
47
Workshop
415 x 75
31,125
1 9
Workshop
140 x 55
7,700
48
Machine shop
200 0 100
20,000
20
Machine "hop/assembly
Irregular
108,750
49
Possible machine shop
Irrular
eg
18,300
bldg
60
Workshop
205
x 45
9,226
21
Unidentified bldg
90 x 30
2,700
51
Workshop
155 x 40
6,200
22
Workshop
150 x 45
6,750
52
Admin bldg
205 x 41
9,225
23
Workshop
196 x 55
10,726
53
Support bldg
136 x 80
10,800
24
Workshop
265 x 60
15,900
65
Admin/engineering bldg
310 x 60
12,000
25
Fabrication/assembly bldg
660 x 320
208,000
55
Admin/engineering bldg
400 x BO
32,000
26
Workshop
165 x 50
7,750
56
Admin/engineering bldg
420 0 60
25,200
27
Admin bldg
195 x 60
11,700
57
Admin/en ginee ring bldg
140 x. 45
6,300
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*Dimensions are. a?,10,190 to within n large bldgs; !57 be small bldgs.
*Unl000 otherwiseaoted, Dote First corned 91000 the deter robes the strno
Table 3. Description and Chronology of Structures of the Aorieeotol Tare Fooility
(flew numbers are keyed 1, Figure 6)
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bldg SUppo[L bldg
Engineering/laboratory
Unidentified bldg
Support bldg
Stop bldg 18,000
Shop bldg 85 35 2,975
A Poeaiblc laboratory bldg
9 Possible laboratory bldg
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10 Storago bldg/workshop
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a turo.
**ees otherwise noted, Date Fibbt rd gives the date whoa the --- 1s ,cognizable atruo
***Unlese otherwise noted, Date Considered Complete gives the data when the structure outwardly appears to be "'p"" 25X1
and may not be related to the operational date.
-6-
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lien
I
Funotion/Description
Dimensions
(Pt)e
L W
Roof
Cover
(04 ft)
Date
First
Obsorvad**
D000
Considered
Complete***
Explanatory Notes
Item
Funotion/Description
Dimensions
(65)
L W
Roof
Cover
(sq ft)
Date
First
Observed**
Date
Considered
Complete'?
Explanatory Notes
1
Probable new workshop
Only new construction evident at
11
Workshop
the test facility since 1962
12
Probable housing units (4)
L-shaped
32,000
Lo
aat
nd -bide a the faeihty 2
2
meter
pen
3
Multistory bldg
13
14
Admin bldg
IIlaet deflactoe
--
5,640
A o
ly~fxom teat cel/~( }
d
g
15
Horizontal teat cell
Irregular
2,480
No
eoon
Y
No evr
idence of test [i rings hers
been visible on the email-scale
6
hotography avaffable
p
7
I6
Checkout bldg
160 x 70
11,200
l7
Explosives storage bldg
40 x 40
1,600
Measurement is approximate
18
Explosives storage bldg
70 x 35
2,450
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Item numbers are keyed to Table 2 Buildings ore color coded to show
Railroad
Road
Pipeline
Fence
Wall
200 0 500
xPIc
POSSIBLE ;
CONVEYER/WALKWAY I
period of significant construction
FIGURE 5. LAYOUT OF NH 88.
UNDER
CONSTRUCTION
INACTIVE
RAILROAD
HORIZONTAL'
PRESSURE BOTTLES
TO HORIZONTAL
TEST FACILITY
TO
PLANT 88
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FEET APPROXIMATE)
D01 0037-4
CULTIVATED
AREA
REVETMENT
Item numbers are keyed to Table 3
Road
Wall
Bunker
200
BLAST
POSSIBLE
WATER
TOWER
NII 88 AND
PLANT 88
FEET APPROXIMATE)
500
CULTIVATED
AREA
Buildings ore color coded to show
periods of significant construction
FIGURE 6. LAYOUT OF HORIZONTAL TEST FACILITY.
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REFERENCES (Continued)
MAPS OR CHARTS
ACIC. US Air Target Chart, Series 200, sheet 0167-5
DOCUMENTS
1. NPIC. R-51/63, Moskva Guided Missile Plant and Experimental Station, Kaliningrad 88, Apr 63 (TOP SECREI_____________
NPIC. Moscow Guided Missile Plant and Experimental Station Kaliningrad No 88, USSR, January 1965, May 65
(TOPS ET
2. NPIC. I ICentral Aerohydrodynamic institute (TsAGI), Ramenskoye, USSR, Apr 67 (TOP SECRET
REQUIREMENT
CIA. C-DI5-82,973
NPIC PROJECT
11212/66 (partial answer)
TOP SECRET
Approved br Release 2005 00102 CIA-RDPO2TOO400R000I
30010037-4
0
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4
Approved For Release 2005108102 : CIA-RDP02T06408R000600010037-4