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United States Pacific Island Wildlife Refuges

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Baker Island as seen from the international space station orbiting at a height of about 350 km. Photo courtesy of NASA.
Aerial view of Baker Island. Image courtesy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
American settlers arrived on Baker Island in 1935 and built a lighthouse; the settlement was evacuated at the start of World War II and the island has been uninhabited and very rarely visited since then. The lighthouse tower still stands; it is now charted as a day beacon (an unlighted nautical sea mark). Image courtesy of the US Fish and and Wildlife Service.
Resting frigatebird on Baker Island. Image courtesy of the US Fish and and Wildlife Service.
Blue noddies typically remain near their breeding colonies year-round, and are rarely found far from land. Image courtesy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
The masked booby is the largest of the booby family. Adults are a little under a meter in length and their wingspan is about 1.5 meters. Photo courtesy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
Two masked boobies patrol the shoreline on Baker Island National Wildlife Refuge in the Pacific Ocean 2,600 km (1,600 mi) southwest of Honolulu. Image courtesy of USFWS.
The Red-footed booby is the smallest of the dozen booby species and they do not migrate, but live year-round in tropical and subtropical regions of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans. Red-footed boobies feed at sea, but nest on land, perching in coastal trees and shrubs. Red-footed boobies feed at sea, but nest on land, perching in coastal trees and shrubs. The birds are strong flyers and can travel up to 150 km (93 mi) for food. They are nimble enough to catch a flying fish in the air, but are clumsy in their take-offs and landings. The Red-footed booby always has red feet though the color of their plumage varies. The biggest threats to red-footed boobies are the fishing industry that thins their food source, and coastal development eradicating the shoreline trees and shrubs they live in. The adult and chick pictured here live on Baker Island which is part of the US Pacific Wildlife Refuges. Image courtesy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
Two hermit crabs on Baker Island. The crabs have soft exoskeletons and rely on the scavenged abandoned shells of marine snails for their protection. There are over 800 species of hermit crab, all of which must occupy shelter produced by other organism or risk being defenseless. Image courtesy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
Large numbers of hermit crabs are found on Baker Island; they like to congregate in the shade of the old lighthouse. Photo courtesy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
Black jack fish are one of the 247 fish species that have been recorded at Baker Island. This species of large ocean fish in the jack family Carangidae has a circumtropical distribution, i.e., it is found in oceanic and offshore waters of the tropical zones of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. The predatory, schooling fish can reach a length of a meter and a weight of 18 kg. Image courtesy of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
Golden-spotted angelfish at Baker island National Wildlife Refuge. Image courtesy of USFWS/Jim Maragos.
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