Introduction
Background
Geographically the third-smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named MARINUS in A.D. 301. San Marino's social and political trends track closely with those of its larger neighbor, Italy.
Geography
Area
total: 61 sq km
land: 61 sq km
water: 0 sq km
Climate
Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Natural resources
building stone
People and Society
Population
34,892 (2023 est.)
Ethnic groups
Sammarinese, Italian
Languages
Italian
Religions
Roman Catholic
Population growth rate
0.59% (2023 est.)
Government
Government type
parliamentary republic
Capital
name: San Marino (city)
Executive branch
chief of state: co-chiefs of state Captain Regent Alessandro SCARANO and Adele TONNINI (for the period 1 April 2023 - 1 October 2023)
head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Luca BECCARI (since 8 January 2020)
Legislative branch
description: unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members directly elected in single- and multi-seat constituencies by list proportional representation vote in 2 rounds if needed; members serve 5-year terms)
Economy
Economic overview
high-income, non-EU European economy; surrounded by Italy, which is the dominant importer and exporter; open border to EU and a euro user; strong financial sector; high foreign investments; low taxation; increasingly high and risky debt
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)
$1.917 billion (2020 est.)
$2.053 billion (2019 est.)
$2.012 billion (2018 est.)
Real GDP per capita
$56,400 (2020 est.)
$60,100 (2019 est.)
$58,900 (2018 est.)
Agricultural products
wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Industries
tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Exports
$3.827 billion (2011 est.)
$2.576 billion (2010 est.)
Exports - partners
Romania 10%, France 9%, Germany 8%, United States 8%, Austria 6%, Brazil 6%, Poland 6%, Russia 6%, (2019)
Exports - commodities
industrial washing/bottling machinery, packaged medicines, woodworking machinery, foodstuffs, aircraft (2019)
Imports
$2.551 billion (2011 est.)
$2.132 billion (2010 est.)
Imports - partners
Germany 21%, Italy 13%, Poland 10%, France 7%, Spain 7%, Belgium 6%, Romania 6% (2019)
Imports - commodities
electricity, cars, aluminum, footwear, natural gas, iron piping (2019)
Exchange rates
euros (EUR) per US dollar -
Exchange rates:
0.845 (2021 est.)
0.877 (2020 est.)
0.893 (2019 est.)
0.847 (2018 est.)
0.885 (2017 est.)
Page last updated: Monday, December 11, 2023
