Introduction
Plans and strategies for improving open-source intelligence (OSINT) operations in the Intelligence Community often suffered from framing challenges. Many proposals for the way forward framed OSINT primarily as a collection challenge, which reduced OSINT to a collection supplement to classified analysis. This collection framing did not adequately help OSINT professionalize as a full-fledged analytic discipline. Moreover, it perpetuated the thinking
that OSINT requires more “integration” into classified operations to be successful. Integration is not the main problem to solve when it comes to improving OSINT operations.