JPRS ID: 9993 USSR REPORT ENERGY

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• Collection: JPRS
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• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 23
• Document Creation Date: November 1, 2016
• Sequence Number: 43
• Content Type: REPORTS

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JPRS L/9993
18 September 1981
USSR Re ort
p
ENERGY
- (FOUO 16/81)
FBIS FJREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATiON SERVICE -
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NOTE
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JPRS L/9993
18 September 1981
USSR REPORT
ENERGY
(F OUO 16/ 81)
CONTENTS
G�NERAL
Hydrodyna.mic Converters Protect Oil Pumps From Salt Deposits
(V. N. Makarov, et al.; NEFT~ROMYSLOVOYE DELO, No 7, 1981) 1
Polymer Coating Prevents Sa1t Deposit Formation
(L. Kh. Ibragimov, I. Z. Akhmetshina; NEFTEPROMYSIAVOYE DEIA,
- No 7, 1981) 1+
Book Describes Atomic Energy Developments, Problems
(ATOMIVAYA NAUKA I TEKFINIKA--NARODNOMU KHOZYAYSTW, 1981) 8
ELECTRIC POWER
Analysis of Equipment Failure at Active Soviet Nuclear Power Stations
(F. Ya. Ovchinnikov, et a1.; ATOMNAYA ENERGIYA, Apr 81) 16
- a - [III - USSR - 37 FOUO]
y
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GIIVERAL
~ UDC 622.276.53:621.67-83:622.276.72
HYDRODYNAMIC CONVERTERS PROTECT OIL PUMPS FRO%'! SALT DEPOSITS
Moscow NEFTEPROMYSLOVOYE DEi,O in Russian No 7, 19a1 pp 11-12
[Article by V. N. Makarov, V. N. Sergeyev and L. N. Makarova, Tyumen' Industrial
Institute: "Use of Hydrodynamic Converters to Protect Electrical Centrifugal Pumps
from Calcite Deposits"J
[Text] A significant ~rowth of the mechanized well fund is being observed in the
West Siberian fields. The greater part is wells equipped with UECP [Universal
Electrical Centrifugal Pump). At the same time, the number of flooded wells is
increasing and complications are developing in the operating process which result
in the breakdown of the oil field equipment. Thus, at the NGDU [Oil and Gas Extract-
ing Administration] "Nizhnevartovskneft"' there were 198 UECP ~~reakdowns in 1979.
`ihe main reasons for the breakdow~s of the deep-well electrical centrifueal units
are given below:
Reduction in resistance of insulation 111
Jamming because of inechanical admixture
deposits 44
salt deposits 42
Other reasons 1
It is apparent that unit malfunctions because of salt deposits are significant. In
the associations "Nizhnevartovsknefte~az." "Urayneftegaz" and "Yu~anslcneftegaz" the
number of wells in which salt deposits are found continually rises from year to
year. They numbered 418 on 1 October 1980. The main reason for the salt deposits
on the running parts of the ECP is disruption in the thermodynamic balance of
the water-oil-gas svstem during movement through the pump.
There are different methods for preventing salt deposit on the surface of the oil
= field equipment. They include the use of acoustic and ultrasonic fields. Th2
effect of acoustic oscillations results in a cons~.derable incr~ase in the crystal-
lization ratee This increase depends, on one hand, upon thP in~ensive mixing of the
liquid in the accoustic field and the formed crystals being washed away from the
walls, and, on the other har~d, upon the growth of the crystallization centers
following the destruction oi ~the crpstals which had been formed. The process of
crystallization thus becomes volumetric; the formed crystals are not deposit on the
equipment walls but are removed by pump to the surface.
1
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The use of acoustic fields is a promisin~ method to protect the equipment. The
range of the most optimal frequencies to influence the crystallization process is
10-18 kHz. One of the methods for producing acoustic oscillations in the UEC~ is
the use of rotary hydrodynamic converters (RHDC)
The RHDC is a device which converts kinetic energy of a liquid stream into acoustic
oscillations by periodic interruption in the stream at the moment the holes of one
of the coaxial disks is covered. These disks are fixed immovably on the axis (stator)
hy connecting strips of the rotating disk (rotor). During rotation, the through
section increases to the maximum at the moment when the ovenings of the rotor and
stator coincide, and then diminish to zero. The oscillatior. frequency is deter-
minecl by the number of holes and is ~n the range of 0.5-10 kHz. The RHDC is
instal].ed instead of one or several stages of the pump. This does not impair the
workinK characteristics of the latter.
Analysis of the operation of the UECP with built-in converters notes that the design
of the latter has a significant effect on the operation of the pump unit. The
ex~erimental models of the RHDC that were used from 19;7 to 1979 in a number of
cases resulted in breakage of the pump shaft because of a design imperfection.
Because oF the large ~ap between the rotor and stator, the technological ineffec-
tiveness of the fabrication and incorrectness of the.selected hole configuration
of tt~e f irst converters the power e~itted by the converter diminished and their
reliable operation declined.
'faking into consideration the shortcomings listed above, work was done to improve
t~~e RHDC desi~n. Based on field tests, more advanced acoustic converters were
developed for all type-sizes of UECP. The gap between the..working surfaces of the ~
stator an.d rotor was reduced; the fabrication technology was simplified; the
total weight of the emitter was reduced, and the hydraulic losses in the converter
were diminished. These measures increased the emitting power of the RHDC and
_ improved their reliable operation.
The RHDC were tested in the associations "Nizhnevartovskneftegaz" and "Uraynefte-
~az" in 1977-1980. During this period, 11 breakdowns were observed in the wells
with high mineralization because of salt deposits and shaft breakage. Thesz
are precisely the reasons which characterize the ineff.ecient operation of the
emitter in the pumps equipped with RHDC. The average full operating time in this
group of wells was 105.6 days. The lower confidence boundary of mathematical
~xpectation with probability of 0.95 equalled 55 days.
The results of statistical processing of these data are presented in the table.
Group oF wells Avera~e full Standard deviation, day Confidence interval of
operating time mathematical expecta-
tion with vrobab ility
0.95 da
Equipped with
RHDC 162 62 1~8 < X< 186
Operating with-
out protection 37 19 30 < X< 44
2
, ,
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Figures 1 and 2 present the emnirical and theoretical dependences of the mal-
lunction frequency and the probability of breakdown occurring because of calcite
- deposits on the operatinQ time of the UECP in well~ wtiere salt deposits are oL--
served, with RHDC and without protection.
The presented data demonstrate the effectiveness of usine RHDC to protect the
UECP in wells with high mineralization and permit the conclusions that:
equippinQ the UECP with hydrodynamic converters in wells prevents depositing of
s~ilts in the pum~ and increases no less than 4-fold the full operating time of the
UECP (on the averaQe from 37 to 162 days);
- the probability of the UECP breaking down because of salt deposits when the RHDC is
used is much lower than the corresponding probability for the UECP without pro-
tection;
the ineffectiveness of the acoustic effect that is observed in a number of cases
using RHDC can be explained both by the difference in the generated frequency from
the optimal, and by the insufficient power of the acoustic field.
- f
, ~ _
~ ~ ~a . . .
i
8 ~ ~ ~;i~ i,
i ? ~ , /
~ ~ ~J , . %
% ; '~.O . ~ CYI ? ~ ~ .
6 i \ ~ ~ ~ ` ~ x�!
~ ' ~/1 �f16 %
I
, C ~ ~ l %,;y'~
, ,I~/.. 0 S~ db J70 /60 X~7 74(1 C,l4'^
~ ~ 0 80 ~~0 ~60 / 7?0 1d0 ?80 - - /
i t ~ym
Fig. 1, Dependences of empirical (a) and theoretical (b) frequencies of UECP
- breakdowns due to salt deposits in electrical centrifugal pump on operating
time in wells where salt deposits are observed: 1. electrical centrifugal
pump without protection, 2. electrical centrifugal pump with RHDC
Fig. 2. Dependence of probability of UECP breakdown due to calcite deposits
in electrical centrifugal pL~mp on operating time in wells where dalt deposits
are observed: 1. electrical centrifugal pump without protection, 2. electrical
centrifugal pump with RHDC, I. confidence interval with level of reliability
0.95.
COPYRIGHT: Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut organizatsii,
upravleniya i ekonomiki neftegazovoy promyshlennosti (VNIIOENG),
1981
9035
CSO: 8144/1737
3
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GENERAL
imC 622.276.8+622.276.72
POLYNIF.~ COATTNG PREVENTS SALT DEPOSIT FORMATION
Moscow NEFTEPROMYSLOVOYE DELO in Russian No 7, 1981 ~p 13-15
[Article by L. Kh. Ibragimov and I. Z. Akhmetshit~a, I. M. Gubkin Moscow Institute
of Che Petrochemical and Gas Industrv: "Laws GoverninQ the Formation of Complex
Salt Deposits"]
[Text] It is known that salt deposits contain orQanic oil components. Studies by
methods of electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and spectrophotometering in
the ultraviolet and visible narts of the spectrum have made it possible to establish .
t}~~ Presence of twa types of organic oil compounds in these components: