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NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
basic imagery interpretation report
Soviet Mobile Missile Summary
DEPLOYED STRATEGIC SSM FACILITIES
BE: Various
USSR
r-
I
RCA-01/0003/84
FEBRUARY 1984
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Top Secret
Soviet Mobile Missile Summary
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AAD
APC
C3
can/cap
CC&D
CpIx
CP/Bnk
CSF
CTA
DDTA
Div
ESF
FTA
FTX
GSA
GSE
Hd
Hq
H P/TD
ICBM
IR
IRBM
km
LAD
LP
LRCM
LRP
LS
LTS
MHF
MOB
MRACA
MRB
MR
MRBM
MSE
MSRD
MSTC
MSV
MTC
n m
NPHF
NPIC
NWHF
NWSA
PBV
PGCS
PHF
POE
Rad
Radcom
Rcvr
Regt
R&D
RIC
RIM
RISA
RTP
Rvt
SBG
SMRA
SRF
SSM
Sta
TEL
TMC
TSA
UHF/VHF
Xmtr
List of Acronyms and Abbreviations
Azimuth alignment device
Armored personnel carrier
Command, control, and communications
canister/capsule
camouflage, concealment, and deception
Complex
Command post/bunker
Complex support facilities
Crew-training area
Dispersal/driver-training area
Division
East support facility
Field-training area
Field-training exercise
General support area
Ground support equipment
Hardened
Headquarters
Hard point/tiedown
Intercontinental ballistic missile
Intermediate range
Intermediate-range ballistic
kilometer(s)
Launch assist device
Launch position
Long-range cruise missile
Launch reference position
Launch site
Launch test site
Missile-handling facility
Mobile missile base
Missile receiving and checkout
Missile-ready building/bunker
Medium range
Medium-range ballistic missile
Missile support equipment
Missile support rear depot
Missile/space test center
Missile support van
Missile test center
nautical mile(s)
Nuclear payload handling facility
National Photographic Interpretation Center
Nuclear warhead handling facility
Nuclear weapons storage area
Postboost vehicle
Propulsion guidance control section
Payload-handling facility
Piece(s) of equipment
Radio
Radio communications
Receiver
Regiment
Research and development
Receiving, inspection, and checkout
Receiving, inspection, and maintenance
Receiving/inspection/storage area
Rail-to-road transfer point
Revetment
Single-bay garage
Silo materials receiving area
Strategic Rocket Forces
Surface-to-surface missile
Station
Transporter-erector-launcher
Truck-mounted crane
Temporary support area
Ultra high frequency/very high frequency
Transmitter
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................................................................1
HIGHLIGHTS .......................................................................................................................................................1
DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................................................................1
DEPLOYED COMPLEXES AND C3 ACTIVITY
Eastern USSR ...................................................................................................................................................3
Chita SRF Army ...........................................................................................................................................3
Drovyanaya ..............................................................................................................................................3
Central USSR ...................................................................................................................................................3
Omsk SRF Army ..........................................................................................................................................3
Novosibirsk ..............................................................................................................................................3
Orenburg SRF Army ...................................................................................................................................3
Verk h nyaya Saida .....................................................................................................................................3
Unknown SRF Army ....................................................................................................................................3
Barnaul .....................................................................................................................................................3
Kansk ........................................................................................................................................................8
Vladimir SRF Army ......................................................................................................................................8
Yurya ........................................................................................................................................................8
Western USSR .................................................................................................................................................8
Smolensk SRF Army ....................................................................................................................................8
Postavy ......................................................................................................................................................8
Lida ...........................................................................................................................................................8
Vinnitsa SRF Army .......................................................................................................................................8
Mozyr .....................................................................................................................................................12
Ro m n y ....................................................................................................................................................12
SS-20 FIELD-TRAINING EXERCISES
Drovyanaya ....................................................................................................................................................15
Novosibirsk ....................................................................................................................................................15
Yu rya ..............................................................................................................................................................15
MISSILE SUPPORT REAR DEPOTS
Balta ...............................................................................................................................................................15
Glazov ............................................................................................................................................................15
MISSILE TEST CENTERS
Kapustin Yar ..................................................................................................................................................15
Plesetsk ..........................................................................................................................................................19
MISSILE-RELATED R&D AND PRODUCTION FACILITIES
Bryansk ..........................................................................................................................................................23
CAMOUFLAGE, CONCEALMENT, AND DECEPTION
CC&D at Deployed Complexes ...................................................................................................................23
CC&D Activity at MTCs ................................................................................................................................23
CONSTRUCTION OF POTENTIALLY STRATEGIC SIGNIFICANCE
Irkutsk ............................................................................................................................................................27
New Mobile Missile Base Under Construction at Yoshkar-Ola .................................................................31
TABLES AND CHARTS ......................................................................................................................................32
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SOVIET MOBILE MISSILE SUMMARY
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SUMMARY
1. This report updates information in NPIC report) land describes significant mobile
missile-related activity observed at SS-20 mobile IRBM bases, C3 facilities, MSRDs, two offensive MTCs,
and missile-related R&D and production facilities in the USSR (Figure 1). In addition, this report includes
a listing of SS-20 FTXs observed during the reporting period, CC&D activity at mobile missile-related
facilities, a section dealing with construction of potentially strategic significance in the Irkutsk area and a
new MOB under construction at Yoshkar-Ola, and significant information derived from
(TSR)
HIGHLIGHTS
2. Significant activity/observations during the reporting period included the following:
Paragraph(s) Figure(s)
a. Battalion-level FTX at Drovyanaya 5-7 2, 3
included three live missile firings;
b. Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 4 identified
in the initial stages of construction;
c. Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 2 assessed
to be operational;
d. Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 3 assessed
to be operational;
e. Kansk Mobile IRBM Base 1 assessed
to be operational;
f. New FTA identified in the Yurya area; 19 10
g. Special snow clearing for the SS-16 LRPs 50-54 16
at Plesetsk for the eighth
consecutive winter;
h. Fifth launch of an SS-X-25 at
Plesetsk;
i. Construction of facilities associated
with the rail-mobile variant of the
SS-X-24 continued;
Three construction areas of potentially
strategic significance identified in the Irkutsk area;
k. New MOB under construction at
Yoshkar-Ola. (TSR)
3. This report covers the period from I however, one item
of high interest-discovered after the imagery cutoff date but during the composition of the report- has
been added (Yoshkar-Ola, paragraphs 83 and 84). One location map, 24 annotated photographs, two
tables, and one chart are included in this report. (S/WN)
DISCUSSION
Deployed Complexes and C3 Activity
4. As of 42 of the 44 mobile
IRBM bases were either in the late stages of
construction or complete and were assessed to be
capable of supporting an operational unit. This
represents an increase of three operational bases
and one base under construction since the publi-
cation of the last Soviet Mobile Missile Summary.
(The base under construction at Yoshkar-Ola is
excluded from these totals pending determination
of the missile system to be deployed there.) Based
on previous construction, the 44 bases and the
remote site at Drovyanaya will contain 399 SBGs to
house SS-20 missiles on launchers. Six of the bases
are in the eastern section of the USSR, 21 are in
the central section of the USSR, and 17 are in the
western section of the USSR. The status of the
deployed complexes and C3 activity is presented
in Tables 1 and 2 at the end of this report. (S/WN)
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i Drovyanaya Mobile IRBM Base 1
11 Plesetsk Missile/Space Test Center SSM
Drovyanaya Mobile IRBM Base 2
12 Serpukhov SSM Engineering Research
Drovyanaya Mobile IRBM Base 3
Training Facility
Drovyanaya Mobile IRBM Base 4
13 Lebedin Mobile IRBM Base 1
Drovyanaya Mobile IRBM Base 5
Lebedin Payload Handling Facility
Drovyanaya SS-20 Remote Site 1
14 Bryansk Guided Missile Support
Drovyanaya SS-20 Payload
Equipment Plant II
Handling Fac
15 Rechitsa Mobile IRBM Support Base
2 Kansk Mobile IRBM Base 1
Rechitsa Mobile IRBM Base 1A
Kansk Mobile IRBM Base 2
Rechitsa Mobile IRBM Base 1 B
Kansk SS-20 Support Complex
Rechitsa Mobile IRBM Base 1C
3 Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 1
16 Mozyr Mobile IRBM Base
Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 2
17 Konkovichi Mobile IRBM Base
Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 3
18 Novaya Mezinovka Missile Support
Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 4
Rear Depot
Barnaul SS-20 Support Complex
19 Gresk Mobile IRBM Base 1
4 Novosibirsk Mobile IRBM Base 1
20 Postavy Mobile IRBM Base
Novosibirsk Mobile IRBM Base 2
21 Polotsk Mobile IRBM Base 1
Novosibirsk Mobile IRBM Base 3
Polotsk Mobile IRBM Base 2
Novosibirsk Mobile IRBM Base 4
22 Minsk Motor Vehicle and Guided
Novosibirsk Mobile IRBM Base 5
Missile Support Plant
Novosibirsk Mobile IRBM Base 6
23 Smorgon Mobile IRBM Base 1
5 Semipalatinsk NWPG
Smorgon Mobile IRBM Base 2
6 Bobrovskiy Missile Support
24 Kozhanovichi Mobile IRBM Base
Rear Depot
25 Krolevets Mobile IRBM Base 1
7 Verkhnyaya Saida Mobile IRBM Base 1
26 Kivertsy Mobile IRBM Base 2
Verkhnyaya Saida Mobile IRBM Base 2
Verkhnyaya Saida Mobile IRBM Base 3
27 Lutsk Mobile IRBM Base 1
Verkhnyaya Saida Mobile IRBM Base 4
28 Lida Mobile IRBM Base 1
Verkhnyaya Saida Mobile IRBM Base 5
29 Dyatlovo Mobile IRBM Base 1
8 Yurya Mobile IRBM Base 1
Dyatlovo Payload Handling Facility
Yurya Mobile IRBM Base 2
30 Slonim Mobile IRBM Base 1
Yurya Mobile IRBM Base 3
31 Krasnoarmeysk Solid Motor
Yurya Mobile IRBM Base 4
Development Facility
Yurya Mobile IRBM Base 5
32 Glazov Missile Support Rear Depot
9 Kapustin Yar Missile/Space Test
33 Balta Missile Support Rear Depot
Center SSM
34 Yoshkar-Ola Mobile Missile Base 1
10 Volgograd Steel and Machinery Plant
Krasnyy Barricade 221
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Eastern USSR
storage facility. Construction began between L
Chita SRF Army
Drovyanaya SSM Complex
Between
ion-sized SS-20 FTX, which included three live
firings of SS-20 missiles, was observed at Drovya-
naya FTA 24 The firings
took place on and[
(DEFSMAC S/DQ/1050-83 [S],
S/DQ/1084-83 [S], and S/DQ/1099-83 [S]). Analysis
of the imagery did not reveal any direct evidence
of the three launches; no blast marks, spent
canisters, or end caps were seen. The first imagery
of the area was obtained on
however, heavy clouds precluded complete cover-
age. A launch battalion consisting of three proba-
ble SS-20 TELs, five probable MSVs, and at least
five unidentifiable support vehicles was observed.
A TSA composed of six tents was approximately
200 meters from the launch battalion. Cloud-free
imagery acquired on revealed the
presence of a possible regimental C3 unit, 2 nm
west of the launch battalion, and two additional
TSAs. The regimental C3 unit consisted of at least
six camouflaged vehicles. The two TSAs, approxi-
mately 1 to 2 nm west of the battalion, contained
13 heavily camouflaged support vehicles and 17
uncamouflaged support vehicles, respectively. A
HIP helicopter was immediately south of the
launch battalion on The launch
battalion (Figure 2) was still present on
however, the helicopter had departed.
(S/WN)
6. In addition to the activity around the
launch area, on a C3 radio relay-
associated unit was identified at Drovyanaya SS-20
C3 Relay Site, approximately 35 nm west of the
launch battalion (Figure 3). The unit contained two
TWIN EAR troposcatter communications sets. The
antennas on one unit were oriented toward the
regimental C3 unit near the launch battalion, on
an azimuth of 260 degrees. The antennas on the
second unit were oriented toward Drovyanaya
ICBM Headquarters Radcom Receiver/Bunker/
Hardened, 56 nm to the northeast, on an azimuth
of The last confirmed launch from
this complex (prior to this exercise) took place in
June 1982 (DEFSMAC S/DQ/475-82 [S] and
S/DQ/477-82 [S]). The first launch from the com-
plex took place in June 1981 (DEFSMAC
S/DQ/402-81 [S]). (S/WN)
7. Drovyanaya SS-20 Payload Handling Facil-
ity. An SS-20 warhead-handling operation was in
progress on 0 Two type I warhead vans
(one that appeared to have its tray extended), one
TMC, and three UAZ-69 utility vehicles were on
the apron in front of the high two-bay building.
ThreeOMSVs were in front of one of the
11-bay garages; a fourth OMSV was near
the vehicle shed that is parallel to the high two-
bay building (Figure 4). (S/WN)
Central USSR
Omsk SRF Army
8. Novosibirsk Mobile IRBM Base 5. A rec-
tangular, flat-roofed, single-story building has
been constructed in the former SS-7 warhead
and the building
appeared to be externally complete on
ber. (S/WN)
'9. Novosibirsk IRBM Regiment 5 Headquar-
ters. A probable STICK PIN (KY-EL-06) antenna was
identified on one of the lattice towers on E
(S/WN)
10. Novosibirsk IRBM Regiment 1 Headquar-
ters. Construction of a large C-shaped building in
the general support area was progressing slowly
on This building has been under
construction since at least April 1981. (S/WN)
11. Novosibirsk SSM Complex
An SS-20 C3 exercise was observed in
progress at FTA/R 001 on
Two probable C3 units, each con-
sisting of five MSVs, were involved in the exercise.
One of the two units was deployed in the middle
of the training area, and troops were in the
process of deploying light-toned winter camou-
flage over one MSV. The second unit was de-
ployed to the north of the first. A ground-
mounted mast antenna had been erected near one
of the camouflaged MSVs, and a truck-mounted
TWIN EAR antenna in the travel mode was on the
road moving toward the training area (Figure 5).
(S/WN)
Orenburg SRF Army
12. Verkhnyaya SSM Complex CP/Bunker.
The type C satellite communications building,
which has been under construction since at least
March, was in the late stages of construction on L
No antennas were on the antenna
pedestals. (S/WN)
Unknown SRF Army
13. Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 4. On imagery
Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 4 (BE
new, scratch-built SS-20 mobile
IRBM base, was identified in the early stage of
construction at 53-04-OON 083-18-30E. The base is
on the west side of the Ob River, 35 nm southwest
of Barnaul SS-20 Support Complex
and 33.5 nm west of Barnaul Mobile
IRBM Base 2 The base consists of
an operations area and a GSA. Foundations for
three five-bay garages were in the operations area,
but construction of the SBGs had not begun. The
GSA contained foundations for two 11-bay garages
and one probable 11-bay garage. Four additional
buildings were in the early stage of construction
(Figure 6). (S/WN)
14. Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 2. Construc-
tion of the major SS-20-related buildings has been
completed, and this scratch-built base has been
assessed to be operational. By all nine
SBGs and the three associated five-bay garages
were externally complete, and parking aprons had
been installed in front of each five-bay garage. The
security building at the entrance to the operations
area was also complete. In the support area, the
probable roof-mounted antenna array had been
installed on the roof of the C3 building. Two
lattice towers had been erected; by
a STICK PIN (KY-EL-06) antenna
had been
mounted atop one of these towers. Other
(Continued p. 8)
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significant structures which appeared to be exter-
nally complete on were the two-story
barracks, the administration building, the nine-
and 11-bay garages, and the steamplant (Figure 7).
SS-20-associated MSVs were observed in the
operations area for the first time on
Between two and ten MSVs were in the operations
area for the remainder of the reporting period.
(S/W N)
15. Barnaul Mobile IRBM Base 3. All major
SS-20-related buildin s appeared to be externally
complete on and this scratch-built
base has been assessed to be operational. The
operations area contains nine SBGs and three five-
bay garages. In the C3 area, two lattice towers
(probably supporting UHF/VHF antennas) had
been erected, and the probable roof-mounted
antenna array had been installed on the roof of
the three-story C3 building, which is externally
complete. Two complete multibay garages are also
in this area. The support area now contains a
steamplant, a two-story barracks, and an adminis-
tration building. SS-20-associated vehicles were
first identified at this base on when
nine MSVs were in the construction support area;
by the MSVs had been moved into
the operations area (Figure 8). (S/WN)
16. Barnaul SS-20 Support Complex. Con-
struction has advanced to the mid- and late stages
at this scratch-built support complex. The high
two-bay building, the technical support building,
and the vehicle shed in the were externally
complete. The NWSA,
was in a midstage of
construction. At the RTP, construction of two
transfer sheds had begun, and foundations for
several support buildings were present. (S/WN)
17. Kansk Mobile IRBM Base 1. The opera-
tions area of this scratch-built base appeared to be
complete on and the base has been
assessed to be operational. The nine SBGs and the
three five-bay garages are externally complete.
Snow had been cleared from in front of six SBGs
and the three five-bay garages. Additional snow
clearing was seen on the operations area access
road, where six rectangular areas (three large
enough to accommodate a TEL) had been cleared
(Figure 9). These clearings resembled the clearings
prepared for a launch line during a training
exercise. SS-20-associated vehicles were first ob-
served at this base on when five MSVs
were in the support area; by nine
MSVs were present. (TSR)
18. Kansk SS-20 Support Complex. Construc-
tion of this scratch-built support complex contin-
ued. By the division-level C3 facility
was in the late stages of construction. At the NPHF,
a clerestory building was in an early stage of
construction. The high two-bay building, the tech-
nical support building, a vehicle shed, a long
narrow shed, and a security building were exter-
nally complete. The 11-bay garage was in a late
stage of construction. At the RTP, two transfer
sheds and the loading platform were complete.
(S/W N)
Vladimir SRF Army
19. Yurya FTA 012
On 0 a new FTA
, Yurya FTA 012
was identified approximately 65 nm north of Yurya
Mobile IRBM Base 4 and five nm west of Yurya
FTA 011 The FTA contained an
SS-20 launch battalion in a heavily wooded area,
parallel to a main road. The launch battalion
consisted of three camouflaged probable TELs and
three camouflaged probable MSVs, one with net-
ting on the ground nearby. In addition, one
probable security vehicle was at each end of the
launch line (Figure 10). (S/WN)
20. Yurya IRBM Division CP/Bunker. By E
the type C satellite communications
building was in the late stages of construction. No
antennas were on the antenna pedestals. (S/WN)
Western USSR
Smolensk SRF Army
21. Polotsk Mobile IRBM Base 2. Leveling
jack positions for three SS-20 TELs were between
the two center, former SS-4 launch pads on =
It could not be determined whether
this was in preparation for, or the aftermath of, an
exercise. (TSR)
22. Postavy IRBM Division CP/Bunker. By E
dish satellite communications
antennas had been installed on the pedestals on
the roof of the communications satellite building.
(S/WN)
23. Lida IRBM Division CP/Bunker. On F_
a large excavation in the control
bunker and construction activity in the antenna
field, including a FISH BONE antenna under
construction, were identified at this facility. Also,
between
two lattice towers, a frequency-diverse pair of
horizontal dipole antennas oriented
and one horizontal dipole antenna oriented
had been constructed around the
control bunker. (S/WN)
24. Lida IRBM Division Radio Transmitter.
On two frequency-diverse pairs of
double rhombic antennas, oriented northeast/
southwest, were under construction outside the
northern portion of the site security fence. Con-
struction activity was also underway in the antenna
field. (S/WN)
25. Lida IRBM Regiment Headquarters. On
a TWIN EAR antenna
in the travel mode was identified in the antenna
field. This is the first identification of a TWIN EAR
unit at this facility. (S/WN)
Vinnitsa SRF Army
26. Konkovichi Mobile IRBM Base. On =
leveling jack positions for three SS-20
TELs were visible in the snow in the northeastern
part of the operations area. It was not possible to
determine whether this was in preparation for, or
the result of, an exercise. (TSR)
(Continued p. 12)
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tion of additional SS-20 regiments within the
Romny division, which currently contains only two
SS-20 regiments. In the past, C3 capabilities at
division headquarters have been upgraded in
27. Kozhanovichi MRBM Regiment Head-
quarters Radcom Transmitter. At least four hori-
zontal dipole antennas, oriented northwest/south-
east, had been added to this transmitter station by
These additional antennas were prob-
28. Mozyr MRBM Division CP/Bunker. ByC
the unidentified rectangular building,
ably installed in conjunction with the expansion of
the control building. Construction for the new
antennas began between September 1982 and
April 1983, after completion of the control build-
ing expansion. The antenna field now contains at
least eight horizontal dipole antennas, two quad-
rant antennas, and two communications mast
antennas. (S/WN)
begun by
Several cable trenches are present; however, the
antenna field has not been modified. The purpose
of this construction has not been determined.
(S/WN)
30. Romny 1R/MRBM Division Headquarters
CP/Bunker and Division Receiver. Construction
continued at the Romny IR/MRBM Division Head-
quarters CP/Bunker and was underway at the
nearby Romny IR/MRBM Division Headquarters
Radcom Receiver/Bunker on This
activity may be in preparation for the accommoda-
construction of both buildings had
and was in the midstages on
approximately 100 meters east of the Mozyr
MRBM Division CP/Bunker, was in the final stages
of construction. Heavy trenching scars extended
from the rectangular building to a support build-
ing near the control bunker. The function of this
building has not been determined. (S/WN)
29. Mozyr MRBM Division Headquarters
Radcom Transmitter Station. A small, rectangular
building and an addition to a support building are
under construction near the control building. The
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similar ways prior to, or concurrent with, the 25X1
deployment of additional SS-20 regiments. (S/WN)
31. At the Romny IR/MRBM Division Head-
quarters CP/Bunker, the activity consisted of up-
grading of the antenna field; the excavation of the
triple-arch-roofed, earth-mounded control
bunker; and construction of additional support
buildings. The antenna field consists of an old
horizontal dipole, one new possible horizontal
dipole, clearings for possibly two more dipoles, a
probable 3-3-3 FISH BONE antenna, and a clearing
for a possible FISH BONE antenna. Large portions
of the control bunker were excavated, and five
concrete housings, probably for retractable anten-
nas, had been installed. A small bunker had been
built just east of the control bunker, and another
small bunker of the same size was being built
beside it. Components for additional bunkers
were near both small bunkers, and the foundation
for a small, rectangular building was near the
control bunker (Figure 11). Three large, rectangu-
lar buildings were under construction in the
northern portion of the support area. Two con-
struction support camps were in the support area;
one camp consisted of eight large tents and
several trailers, and the second camp consisted of
several storage sheds. (S/WN)
32. At the receiver facility, all the antennas
were removed between September 1982 and July
1983, and construction had begun on a small
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rectangular building. As of a small 25X1
support building had been constructed, and sev-
eral cable trenches had been dug near the rectan- 25X1
gular building (Figure 12). (S/WN)
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33. Romny IR/MRBM Division Headquarters
Radcom Transmitter Station. Unidentified con-
struction was underway at this transmitter facility.
Initial construction and some tree clearing had
begun by a small
building was under construction next to the
control building. Two large areas had been cleared
of trees, and at least one quadrant antenna had
been dismantled. More antennas may have been
dismantled, but imagery interpretability prevented
any further analysis. This construction is probably
related to the C3 upgrading activities at Romny
IR/MRBM Division Headquarters CP/Bunker and
Romny IR/MRBM Division Headquarters Radcom
Receiver/Bunker. (S/WN)
SS-20 Field-Training Exercises
34. SS-20 FTXs observed in the eastern USSR
were as follows:
Drovyanaya Com lex
FTA 024 3 live firings
from the field
(S/WN)
35. SS-20 FTXs observed in the central USSR
were as follows:
Novosibirsk Complex
FTA/R 001
Two C3 associ-
ated units
Yurya Complex
FTA 012 1
A camouflaged
probable SS-20
launch bn
observed at a
new FTA.
(S/WN)
Missile Support Rear Depots
36. Balta MSRD. Shipments of prefabricated
SBG components continued to arrive at this facil-
ity. Between the
number of SBG components increased from 15 to
22. (S/WN)
37. Glazov MSRD. The number of SBG com-
ponents in storage at this facility did not change.
Between compo-
nents for 17 SBGs were observed. (S/WN)
Missile Test Centers
Kapustin Yar MSTC SSM
38. DEFSMAC reported the launch of an SS-
20 IRBM from Kapustin Yar on
(DEFSMAC S/DQ/1063/83 [S]). It impacted at Sary-
Shagan after a 15-minute flight. The site of this SS-
20 launch could not be determined from imagery.
(S/WN)
SS-20 Field Training
39. Kapustin Yar MR/IRBM Bivouac/Troop
Training Area On 0 a
probab.le SS-20 launch unit, consisting of two
(Continued p. 18)
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camouflaged probable SS-20 TELs with canisters
and eight camouflaged probable SS-20-associated
vehicles, was at the western side of the battalion
training area, just outside the security fences.
(S/WN)
40. SS-20-associated vehicles were in the
driver-training area on and
On I I at least eight SS-20-
associated vehicles (four of which were moving)
were observed in the driver-training area. On
three SS-20 TEL chassis, two SS-20 TELs
with training canisters, and two SS-20 TELs with
missile canisters were in the same area. On
three SS-20 TELs with training canisters
and a truck were in the driver-training area. In
addition, at least 11 probable training placards
were arranged in a line near one of the SS-20 TELs
(Figure 13). (S/WN)
41. Kapustin Yar Mobile IRBM CTA 5 (BE
On an SS-20 FTX was
observed in this area; this activity was not ob-
served on Two camouflaged SS-20
launch units and a camouflaged C3 unit partici-
pated in the exercise. One launch unit contained 25X1
two TELs and seven SS-20-associated vehicles. The 25X1
second launch unit consisted of two TELs and eight
SS-20-associated vehicles (Figure 14). The C3 unit
consisted of five probable SS-20-associated vehi-
cles. No imagery of this area or the bivouac/troop-
training area was acquired during the remainder
of the reporting period. (S/WN)
Activity in Support of SS-20 Flight Testing/Crew
Training
42. Kapustin Yar MR Test Complex C Site 1
Two probable 24-meter railcars
were on pad 1C-2 on A crane was
adjacent to the extended loading tray of one of
the railcars, and several canvas-/net-covered ex-
pended SS-20 missile canisters were nearby. By
0 two of the expended SS-20 missile canis-
ters had been removed from pad 1C-2. Construc-
tion of a uniquely patterned road and its associ-
ated structures continued slowly at the northeast
edge of the launch site. The reason for this new
construction has not yet been determined; how-
ever, the past association of the site with the SS-20
mobile IRBM system suggests that this activity
could be in support of a variant of, or a follow-on
to, the SS-20 mobile missile system. (S/WN)
Activity in Support of New and Unidentified
Missile Systems
43. Kapustin Yar MR Test Complex C Site 2
Construction of the two previ-
ously reported buildings, south and southwest of
launch pad 2C-2, did not progress during the
reporting period. Construction of these buildings
began between
When last observed, on only foot-
ings were present for the southern uilding, and
most of the wall stanchions of the other building
were erect, as noted in previous reports. The
reason for the continued hiatus in construction
and the purpose of these buildings are not known.
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44, Kapustin Yar MR Test Complex C Site 8
No activity was observed at this
site. The rail-mounted shed has remained over the
probable launch point at LP 8C-1, LP 8C-1, LP 8C-2,
and the supporting structures appear to be exter-
nally complete. This indicates that the site may be
capable of supporting a flight test program, possi-
bly for a new strategic mobile missile system.
(S/WN)
45, Kapustin Yar MR Test Complex C Site
4C10 and the new missile-associated
area. Construction continued on the new missile-
associated area east of Site 4C1 (Figure 15), This
area has been under construction since and
includes a new access road, six structures/build-
ings, a possible apron, and security fences in the
early stages of construction. The access road,
which has not been paved, is approximately 1,300
meters long and extends east/west to Site 4C1. A
structure/building is under construction in an
excavation at the terminus of the access road. This
structure/building is approximately 9 by 6 meters
and consists of four compartments. Two of the
compartments are approximately 6 by 3 meters,
and the other two compartments are approxi-
mately 3 by 3 meters. Grading for a possible apron
with two small rectangular excavations is under-
way to the north of this structure/building, and
several possible conduit sections are scattered
around the site. The five remaining structures/
buildings vary in size and are in the early to
midstage of construction. All of the structures/
buildings are connected by the cable trenches
which parallel the access road. Site 4C1 has been
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cable connected to Kapustin Yar MR Test Complex
C Site 8 and the new missile-associated area. The
cables that extend between these areas suggest
that Site 4C1 may be providing C3-related support.
This new cable also extends from the area of Site
4C1 to the Kapustin Yar Complex Support Facility
Administration 0 and, for at least
part of the distance, shares the trench that extends
from Site 2C, The function and final configuration
of the new missile-associated area has not been
determined because of the early stage of construc
tion, (S/WN)
Support Areas
46, Kapustin Yar RISA
An 55-
20-associated vehicle/missi e transshipment con-
sisting of at least one battalion-sized 55-20 unit was
observed on 0 At least 20 SS-20-
associated vehicles were in the missile/GSE assem-
bly/checkout area, and 41 railcars were at the
facility. It could not be determined whether the
SS-20-associated vehicles were arriving or depart-
ing. In addition, eight camouflaged SS-20-associ-
ated vehicles were in the GSE storage/support
area, (S/WN)
47, Kapustin Yar General Support Area (BE
During the reporting period, at least
ten camouflaged SS-20-associated vehicles were in
the support area; no significant vehicle movement
was observed, (S/WN)
48. Construction of the high two-bay build-
ing was nearly complete. Since two
security fences have been installed around the
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new probable missile receiving/checkout building
and the unidentified multistory building. A nine-
bay building (63 by 24 meters) was under construc-
tion east of the GSE maintenance area. This
building will apparently contain six vehicle bays
(each 24 by 6 meters) and three wider bays (each
24 by 9 meters). (S/WN)
49. Kapustin Yar Radcom Transmitter Station
In March 1983, the dismantlement
of the antenna field began. By eight
new double rhombic antennas were under con-
struction-two near the access road, two near the
support area, two straddling the facility fence line,
and two outside the facility fence line. (S/WN)
50. All 42 LRPs at the four mobile ICBM
bases were observed at least once (Chart 1).
Canvas-covered probable AADs were occasionally
detected in some of the LRPs. Imagery of all four
MOBs was acquired after snow had fallen during
the later portion of the reporting period, and the
observed. However, image quality, weather condi-
tions, and a paucity of coverage precluded the
identification of an installation pattern of probable
AADs. In general, all four mobile ICBM bases
continued to be occupied, as evidenced by the
observation of personnel,
and the occasional
tracks, and facility
maintenance. (TSR)
51. MOB 1 At MOB 1 on E
snow did not appear to have been
removed from any of the LRPs, but several of the
LRPs were visible through a light dusting of snow.
In addition, snow clearing was observed in front of
one of the 18-meter-deep 11-bay garages in the
TEL garrison area, and various roads, aprons, and
walkways were cleared of snow in the support
areas. However, when this base was observed on
rectangular areas large enough to
accommodate a TEL were cleared of snow at three
LRPs. Additionally, snow clearing was observed at
several of the garages in the TEL garrison area, and
most of the roads and walkways in the support
areas also had been cleared. (TSR)
52. MOB 2 At MOB 2 on E
almost all the snow had melted from
the roads in the TEL garrison and support areas.
Imagery of MOB 2 was next acquired on E
Although the area was partially ob-
scured by scattered clouds and haze, imagery
enhancement revealed that additional snow had
fallen since and that snow clearing
activity was in progress in both the TEL garrison
and support areas. Several LRPs, some probably
with AADs, were discernible through the haze.
(TSR)
53. LTS 5 At LTS 5 on
the TEL garrison area was observed
through heavy haze. Snow had fallen, and tracks
were evident throughout the area, but no snow-
clearing activity was identified. However, when
this base was imaged on priority
snow removal was observed (Figure 16). Snow
removal was observed at all 12 LRPs, and rectangu-
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lar areas large enough to accommodate a TEL had
been cleared of snow at two pairs of LRPs. (TSR)
54. ITS 6 At LTS 6 on E
the site was observed through scat-
tered clouds and haze; the snow had been cleared
from at least two LRPs. In addition, the aprons/
roads in front of two of the 18-meter-deep 11-bay
garages were cleared of snow, and snow clearing
was in progress in front of the third 11-bay garage.
(TSR)
SS-X-25 Activity
55. An SS-X-25 was launched from Plesetsk
on 0 (DEFSMAC S/DQ/955-83 [S]). This
was the fourth successful flight of the five tests to
date of the SS-X-25. Although this missile was
probably launched from LTS 23 it
was not possible to determine from imagery if the
launch occurred from the silo, the silo apron, or
the reconstructed SBG. Similar
difficulty was encountered in determining the
launch point and launch mode for the SS-X-25
tested on The first three launches of the
SS-X-25 from Plesetsk were from the silo at LTS 23.
The following is a summary of SS-X-25 launches.
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56. No imagery was acquired of LTS 23
during the week before the launch. However,
imagery was acquired on
-a burn mark or blast effects-was identified. The
silo door was closed, two support vehicles (a MAZ-
543 cargo truck and a TMC) were on the silo
apron, and some tracks were observed between
the south end of the SBG and the silo turnaround
apron. The can/cap silo loader and transporter,
which at Plesetsk are only associated with silo-
launched SS-X-25s, were at LTS
an SS-X-24 ICBM LTS) on
appeared to be in the same positions that they
occupied on The reason that this
equipment was at LTS 14 has not been determined.
(S/WN)
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57. No other silo-related or mobile missile-
related activities were identified at either LTS 23 or
LTS 24 between
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the end of the reporting period. (S/WN)
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58. Modified SS-16/SS-X-25 RIC Area. Modi-
fications/construction in the modified SS-16/SS-X-
25 RIC area to support the SS-X-25 increased
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during the reporting period (Figure 17). By
two ',of the three new buildings at the
south end of the RIC area were externally
complete, and footings for the third new building
were installed. Another new building was under
construction west of the rail-in shed between the
modified RIC and interim missile storage build-
ings, and footings for a large lattice probable
telemetry/microwave tower were identified be-
tween the reinforced parking apron and the
telemetry/support building. Hard-surfaced roofing
material was being installed on the 48-meter-long
framework structure on the reinforced parking
apron, and an approximately 17- by 10-meter shed
had been constructed between the four-bay
garage and the two-bay shed. The southernmost of
the three new buildings appears to be a single-bay
drive-through building. The second new building,
just to the north of the single-bay building, is
similar to the four-bay garage constructed in the
TEL garrison area of some SS-20 bases. Two
approximately 24-meter-high lattice towers were
erected near the four-bay garage, one on the
south side and one on the west side. The footings
for the new building west of the rail-in shed are 45
meters long and 8 meters wide; however, addi-
tional excavating in this area indicates that the
building will be wider than 8 meters. The
excavation and footings for a large lattice tower
were similar to those for the 60-meter-high
telemetry/microwave towers erected next to the
SS-X-24 missile ,receiving and checkout building
and at Plesetsk ICBM LTS 22 which
is an SS-X-24 ICBM LTS. Also, hard-surfaced
roofing material was being installed on the 48-
meter-long framework structure erected on the
reinforced parking apron. The installation of
roofing material) on this structure, in conjunction
with the construction of a board fence along the
perimeter of the apron, will probably preclude the
identification of any vehicles parked on the apron.
In addition, an approximately 17- by 10-meter
peak-roofed shed was constructed between the
four-bay garage and the two-bay shed. This low,
peak-roofed shed is similar to the sheds con-
structed in the expended canister storage area and
near the modified interim missile storage building
and used to conceal SS-X-15 and probably some
SS-16 missile canisters. Although this new shed is
probably not long enough to conceal an entire SS-
X-25 missile canister, the placement of SS-X-25
missile canisters under this shed will delay, and
could possibly prevent, the identification of SS-X-
25 missile canister signatures. (TSR)
59. Continuing analysis has revealed that two
rectangular crates, about
were at the south end of the RIC building on
of these crates at this facility at this time suggests
that they are associated with the SS-X-25 payload.
Previously at Plesetsk, this type of crate was unique
to the SS-16. Also on a rail dolly was
partially concealed by the south end of the rail
shed between the RIC building and the modified
interim missile storage building. Although only
RCA-01/0003/84 Top Secret
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approximately 19 meters of this dolly were visible, 25X1
it is similar to the approximately
dolly, with two arm-like appendages at either end,
that was initially observed in this area in Septem-
ber 1982. However on the arm-like
appendages appeared to be in a stowed position.
This dolly was also in the area on
however, weather conditions precluded any fur-
ther analysis. This rail dolly does not appear to be
similar to any of the rail dollies associated with the
flight test program of the SS-16. (TSR)
Other Possible Mobile Missile-Associated Activity
60. Plesetsk ICBM Launch Test Site 21 (BE
0 At LTS 21, no activity to indicate that
this site will participate in the SS-X-25 flight test
program was identified during the reporting
period. The status of this site has not changed
since mid-1982. (S/WN)
Rail-Mobile SS-X-24-Associated Activity
61. The construction of rail-served missile
facilities at Plesetsk strongly suggests that the
Soviets will flight test a rail-mobile variant of the
SS-X-24. At least three rail-served facilities/areas
are under construction; two of these will probably
be rail-mobile launch test sites; the third is a
MRACA that will provide system checkout and
integration support for a rail-mobile ICBM flight
test program. (S/WN)
62. At the rail-served probable ICBM launch
test facility adjacent to LTS 28
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external construction of the major structures and
connection with the east/west rail extension was
complete by (Figure 18). At least five 25X1
instrumentation buildings were constructed for
this rail-served facility. Instrumentation buildings
of this type have been installed for each of the SS-
X-24 silos at LTS 22 and 28 and also for the
modified type IIIE silos at LTS 23 and 24. The
construction of at least five of these buildings for
the rail-served facility suggests that there will be at
least two primary, rail-mobile ICBM launch test
positions. By the end of the reporting period, the
following had occurred. Rail stops had been
installed at the ends of the two spurs that extend
past (on either side of) the buried launch control
building and also just within the eastern end of the
102-meter-long rail-in shed (formerly the 102-
meter-long rail-served structure). A lattice tower
similar to the one behind the buried control
building between silos 28A and 28B had been
centered on the north side of the buried launch
control building. Cable trenches that connect the
buried launch control building, the 102-meter-
long rail-in shed, and the five instrumentation
buildings to the buried launch control building
between the silos at LTS 28 and the buried launch
support building (near the end of the silo 28A
apron) had been excavated. The new support
building in this area had also been externally
completed. The completion during 1983 of the
major structures at and rail service to this rail-
served probable ICBM launch test facility suggests
that the flight test program of a rail-mobile variant
of the SS-X-24 could begin during 1984. (S/WN)
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Major rail-associated construction
was completed during the reporting period, and
coring of the probable type IIIX launch control silo
shaft continued. The rail-served section of the area
consists of an at least 440-meter-long arc-shaped
rail spur with a 102-meter-long rail-in shed over
the southern end of the rail spur (Figure 19). The
102-meter-long rail-in shed is identical to the one
constructed in the rail-served probable ICBM
launch test facility adjacent to LTS 28. This suggests
that this rail-served area may also be a launch test
site for a rail-mobile variant of the SS-X-24. An
electrical power-associated building has been
constructed on the west side of the 102-meter-
long rail-in shed. Similar electrical power-associ-
ated buildings were constructed at LTS 28. (S/WN)
64. Probable Rail-Mobile MRACA (formerly
the New Probable MRACA). Construction of this
new MRACA continued. On a 300-
meter-long rail-through shed was identified under
construction at the southwest end of the facility
(Figure 20). On that date, all the footings and some
wall stanchions were installed on the west side of
the rail spur, and some footings were installed on
the east side of the spur. Also on 0 at
least four probably nonconstruction-related rail-
cars were in the facility. At least three railcars were
at the completed rail-through shed (Figure 20).
One probable security railcar, about 19 meters
long, that resembled a boxcar with two snow-
covered possible roof vents was in the open. The
other two railcars had chamfered roofs and were
RCA-01/0003/84 Top Secret
partially concealed by the shed. Snow had melted
from around the possible vents on one of the two
chamfer-roofed railcars, and no vents were dis-
cernible on the other. The lengths of these two
railcars could not be determined. A fourth railcar,
approximately 24 meters long overall, with an
approximately 20-meter-long chamfer-roofed
"cargo" section, was on the spur west of the
probable missile receiving and checkout building
(Figure 20). This railcar also appeared to have vents
along one side of the roof. By the end of the
reporting period, concrete block aprons had been
installed at both ends of the probable missile
receiving and checkout building. The roof was
complete, and rear blast walls were being installed
on the last two bays of the probable interim
missile storage building. The 104-meter-long high-
bay building was nearly externally complete, and a
swath had been cut through the trees from the
north end of the high-bay building toward the
southeast to a survey monument on an earthen
mound. This suggests that this building will be
involved in the calibration/checkout of a missile
guidance platform. Therefore, the 104-meter-long
high-bay building will be reported as a probable
calibration/checkout building. If construction
continues at the pace observed during the
reporting period, this facility could be completed
during 1984. (S/WN)
65. East Support Facility
Construction in the new RTP area continued at a
moderate pace, and no new structures were
identified. Rail sections and rail line components
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remained in the RTP area at the end of the
reporting period. Five rail spurs are in various
stages of construction in this new area, and
footings have been installed for a 102-meter-long
rail-through shed. No new rail sections were
installed in the spur that extends toward the main
east/west complex road. It cannot be determined
if this spur will be a rail-turning wye or become
part of another rail-served facility. The rail-
through shed will probably be identical to the one
constructed at the Plesetsk ICBM Sites 9/10
Support Facility By the end of the
reporting period, 48 meters of the rail-through
shed were complete. This rail-through shed and
the one at the Plesetsk ICBM Sites 9/10 Support
Facility could be used to conceal rail-mobile
ICBM-associated railcars in transit between the
MHF and the eastern end of the rangehead.
(S/WN)
66. Rail Line Construction at Plesetsk. Con-
struction of the approximately 30-nm-long eastern
extension of the main complex rail line from
Plesetsk ICBM Sites 9/10 Su ort Facility to LTS 28
had been completed by (Figure 21).
The installation of additional sections of track and
a probable rail switch and grading past the spur to
the rail-served probable ICBM launch test facility
adjacent to LTS 28 indicate that the rail line will
extend past LTS 28. In addition, grading for a
probable transloading dock and a small building
were observed in the rail line right of way to the
west of LTS 28. The graded outline of the
transloading dock appeared to be identical to that
of the transloading dock constructed in the RTP
area of the ESF. If the configuration of this possible
RTP area is similar to the one at the ESF, the
possible RTP may not be large enough to transload
SS-X-24 missile canisters. (S/WN)
Silo Materials Receiving Area
67. SBG com onents were delivered to the
SMRA between It
could not be determined whether these were the
components used for the original
SBG at LTS 23. Image quality precluded the
determination of the exact numbers and types of
components, but enough components appeared
to be present to construct an SBG. Some of these
com onents had been removed from the SMRA
by and all of the SBG components had
been removed by The present
location of these components has not been
determined. In addition, one set of modified type
IIIX (launch control silo) headworks components,
one set of type IIIX headworks base components,
and one modified type IIIX silo door remained in
open storage. These type IIIX silo components may
eventually be used in the probable launch control
silo under construction in the missile-associated
construction area. (S/WN)
68. At the rail-turning wye approximately 1
nm south-southeast of the MHF, no additional'
grading/leveling activity was identified. The func-
tion of this area has not been determined. (S/WN).
RCA-01/0003/84 Top Secret
Missile-Related R&D and Production
Facilities
Bryansk Guided Missile Support Equipment
Plant II
69. Single-bay garage components continued
to be fabricated at and shipped from Bryansk
during the reporting period. While production
rates appeared to have remained unchanged,
coverage was insufficient to verify if any changes
had occurred. (S/WN)
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COMPLEX SUPPORT
FACILITY NORTH
25X1,
MISSILE
HANDLING
FACILITY
PROBABLE
RAIL-MOBIL
MRACA
MAIN SUPPORT BASE
PLESETSK
ELECTRONICS/TRACKING
FACILITY
PROPELLANT STORAGE
AND HANDLING FACILITY
CONSTRUCTION FOR
RAIL LINE EXTENSION
PAST LTS 2B
- - Rail line extension
Road network
Railroad
- Powerline
SS-X-24 launch test site
Space launch site
? Type II IE launch site
* Mobile ICBM facility
SS-X-25 launch test site
Q Launch contrcl facility
Site support facility
^ Missile-associated
construction area
PLESETSK
MOBILE ICBM
FACILITY 2
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Top Secret
Construction of Potentially Strategic
Significance
showed that construction was progressing at
a very slow place. (S/WN)
com lex. Subsequent coverage, on
79. Three construction areas of potentially
strategic significance were identified in the Irkutsk
area on imagery of The exact nature of
this construction could not be determined be-
cause it was in an early stage. However, two of the
sites contained similar road patterns, clearings,
building footings, fences, and temporary construc-
tion support areas. The size and general layout of
these two sites are similar to those of some of the
mobile missile operations areas at Barnaul and
Kansk. The third site contained numerous support-
type buildings in various stages of construction
and could be a mobile missile-associated support
(Continued p. 31)
RCA-01/0003/84 Top Secre
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80. Irkutsk Construction Site 1 (BE
This site is approximately 25 nm
north of Irkutsk and consists of a large rectangular
area cut into a heavily wooded area. A foundation
for an eight-bay garage (48 by 18 meters) and
clearings for several probable building founda-
tions are within this rectangle. Two additional
building foundations are outside the rectanglular
area (Figure 22). A single line for a security fence is
well outside this area. The construction. support
camp has been at least partially abandoned and
may have been relocated. (S/WN)
81. Irkutsk Construction Site 2 (BE
This site is approximately 15 nm
north of Irkutsk and consists of a large rectangular
area (407 by 278 meters). Footings for three eight-
bay garages (48 by 18 meters) are within this area.
Footings for a probable security building are at the
entrance to the area. Footings for three additional
buildings, including a nine-bay garage 0
meters), are between the rectangular area and the
construction support camp. A large excavation for
a probable fourth building is also in the same area
(Figure 23). The construction support camp con-
sists of 17 large personnel tents, three complete
buildings, and six buildings under construction.
(S/WN)
82. Irkutsk Construction Site 3 (BE
This site is approximately 5 nm
northeast of Irkutsk and contains three separate
areas that contain several large buildings under
construction. A large construction support camp
comprising approximately 20 barracks-type build-
ings, 13 large personnel tents, several trailers, and
assorted smaller buildings and sheds is also
present. An additional construction area is east of
RCA-01/0003/84 Top Secret
the construction support camp. This area is being
cleared and graded; no building foundations are
present (Figure 24). (S/WN)
New Mobile Missile Base Under
Construction at Yoshkar-Ola
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83. Yoshkar-Ola Mobile Missile Base 1 (BE
The construction activity first ob- 25X1
served at this facility on has been 25X1
confirmed as mobile missile related. On imagery
of foundations for two 48- by 18-meter 25X1
eight-bay garages and clearings for seven SBGs
were in the launch area of this former SS-7 ICBM 25X1
launch site (Yoshkar-Ola SSM Launch Position 1,
Figure 25). SBG foundations were 25X1
under construction in three of the seven clearings.
These foundations were approximately 30 meters
long, indicating that they are for type C SBGs. The
only known type C SBG is at Plesetsk ICBM Launch 25X1
Test Site 23 where the SS-X-25 25X1
solid-propellant ICBM is being flight tested. Four
other areas within the launch area have been
cleared of trees, and clearing for additional
security fences continues on the southeast edge of
the launch area. By two additional 25X1
areas for SBGs had been cleared in the former
launch area, bringing the total number to nine.
This is the same number of SBGs found at a
centralized SS-20 base. (S/WN)
84. The Yoshkar-Ola SSM Complex (F 25X1
contains 60 type HIE launch silos for the 25X1
solid-propellant SS-13 ICBM and six deactivated
SS-7 ICBM launch sites. It is approximately 350 nm
southeast of Moscow and 300 nm west of the Ural
Mountains. (S/WN)
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Top Secret
report. Imagery of Yoshkar-Ola a
report. (S/WN)
All satellite imagery acquired from
cquired through
Missile Summary,
was used in preparation of this
used in the preparation of this
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fl' l1
(S), Nov 83 125X1
LZDRI
NPIC. Z-12078/83, IAR-0049/83, New N S-20 FTAs in the USSR (S),
Jul 83
NPIC. Z-20142/81, IAR-0165/81, Log Periodic Antennas on SS-20 Regimental Command and Control Structures at
~II
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COMIREX A15
Project 544041A
Distribution 86-001
Comments and queries regarding this report are welcome. They may be directed to the following points of
contact in the Soviet Strategic Forces Division, Imagery Exploitation Group, NPIC:
Section of Report
Extension
Green
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