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Top Secret
m-Sized Solid Propellant ICBM (S)
ACIC, USATC, Series 200, Sheets, 0102-9,10, 0154-23, 0167-7, 0234-22,24 scale 1:200,000
Installation
Name
Geographic
Coordinates
Krasnoarmeysk Solid Motor 56-07-50N
Development Facility 038-09-54E
Pavlograd Solid Motor 48-34-02N
Production Plant 035-49-15E
Pavlograd Ordnance Research 48-29-28N
and Development Facility 035-57-12E
Pavlograd Solid Motor Assembly 48-27-02N
& Test Support Facility 035-57-25E
Pavlograd Solid Motor Test 48-26-OON
Facility 035-58-23E
Plesetsk Missile/Space Test 62-57-47N
Center SSM 040-22-43E
Plesetsk Missile Handling 62-46-19N
Facility 040-22-43E
Plesetsk Eastern Support 62-56-40N
Facility 041-26-13E
Plesetsk Launch Test Site 14 62-58-16N
041-33-39E
Plesetsk Launch Test Site 22 63-53-22N
041-45-37E
Plesetsk Launch Test Site 28 62-52-45N
041-45-OOE
Safonovo Plastics Plant 55-05-11N
033-14-55E
Category
ABSTRACT
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1. Based on the status of production-related facilities, series production of a new medium-solid
ICBM, designated the SS-X-24, could begin in mid-to-late 1984. The current SS-X-24 flight test phase-to
date less than successful-may have a great effect on determining when series production will begin. This
report discusses the SS-X-24 from prototype motor development, motor testing, plant and test center
expansion, and flight testing, through projected deployment mode(s). (S/WN)
2. This report, which updates NPIC Report contains two location maps, 14 annotated 25X1
photographs, and a chart of program milestones. The information cutoff date is S/WN) 25X1
INTRODUCTION
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No (MRN)
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5. The SS-X-24 is being flight tested at Plesetsk Missile/Space Test Center SSM. The logistical support
facilities at the test center include the Missile Handling Facility and the Eastern Support Facility. Three
launch sites for the silo-launch phase of flight testing are at Plesetsk: Launch Test Site (LTS) 28, LTS 22, and
LTS 14. A rail-served probable ICBM launch test facility, under construction next to LTS 28, and other rail-
associated construction at Plesetsk indicate that flight testing of a rail-mobile variant of the SS-X-24 will
probably take place. The SS-X-24 will probably be used to replace the silo-based SS-17 ICBM and possibly
some SS-11 ICBMs. Silo deployment is not expected to take place until at least 1985. Rail-mobile deploy-
ment would come even later. (S/WN)
L K II,) T S K
^1. PAVLOGRAD ORDNANCE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FACILITY
LITY
2. PAVLOGRAD SOLID MOTOR ASSEMBLY AND TEST SUPPORT FACI
3. PAVLOGRAD SOLID MOTOR PRODUCTION PLANT
4. PAVLOGRAD SOLID MOTOR TEST FACILITY
5. PLESETSK MISSILE/SPACE TEST CENTER SSM
6. SAFONOVO PLASTICS AND GUIDED MISSILE COMPONENTS PLANT
7. MOSKVA SOLID MOTOR PRODUCTION PLANT LYUBERTSY
S. KRASNOARMEYSK SOLID MOTOR DEVELOPMENT FACILITY
r-11, -7-7 7
FIGURE 1. LOCATION OF FACILITIES ASSOCIATED WITH THE SS-X-24 PROGRAM
BASIC DESCRIPTION
Prototype Motor Development
bertsy.
1968, construction began on a new composite
propellant line at Lyubertsy to support the devel-
opment of a new motor(s). The line was probably
operational by the end of 1971. Since the SS-16 was
in development before this date, this construction
timing indicates that the new line was for the
15ZH43. During the first half of 1972, several large
motor cases or shipping containers, probably pro-
totype fiberglass motor cases for the 15ZH43, were
observed next to the largest test position at Lyu-
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Motor Case Development
7. A filament-wound, fiberglass motor case
was under development at the Safonovo Plastic
Plant in the early 1970s with the assistance of the
Lyubertsy plant.3 The size of the case, 9 meters
long by 2 meters in diameter, is compatible with
the cases/shipping containers seen at Lyubertsy
during 1972. Between 1964 and 1972, at Safonovo,
major construction, most likely related to an in-
creased fiberglass winding capability, took place.
First-stage shipping crates were identified at Safo-
novo during 1974 and 1975.
Static Testing
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1978, possible evidence for acceptance testing of
the 9-meter-long motor was observed at Krasnoar-
meysk Solid Motor Production Facility, where a
canvas-covered, possible motor case was seen on a
railcar behind the large horizontal test position in
the assembly checkout and test area. Frequent
imagery obtained during August revealed a high
volume of static testing at the large test position.
(S/WN)
Flight Test Missile Production
Motor Production
14. Production of solid motors for all three
stages of the SS-X-24 is done at Pavlograd SMPP.
Some of the stages were probably cast in the
completed portion of the new solid motor pro-
duction line, with the support of the original
portions of the plant (Figure 2). This new line,
started between September 1977 and August 1978,
is not yet complete. The propellant mixing and
motor casting portions of the line, however, were
completed and separately secured by late 1981.
The curing and motor finishing could have been
done in original portions of the plant. This com-
bined production capability appears to be suffi-
cient for the limited production of motors for
flight testing. (S/WN)
Motor Case and Transport/Launch
Canister Production
16. Five buildings, designated 92, 98, 99, 96,
and 97, at Safonovo (Figure 3) were previously
associated with the 15ZH43.3 After the probable
end of the 15ZH43 program in October 1975, four
of these buildings, then under construction, were
completed, an indication that these buildings can
be associated with the SS-X-24.3 The first of these
five buildings was observed under construction in
December 1972. Construction on the four build-
ings was complete by 1981. The construction pace
was considerably different for each building.
Bldg No Date Started Date Externally
Complete
92 Dec 72 late 77
98 & 99 Jan 74 late 76
96 Jul 78 Feb 81
97 mid-76 construction stopped
in late 81
A manufacturing/fabrication building, Building 92,
the largest and first complete SS-X-24-associated
building, did not appear to have even a limited
production capability until 1980.
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existed. Analysis of imagery indicates t at since
early 1981, almost two years before the first flight
test, limited production had been taking place in
Building 92. This production appears to be consis-
tent with the operational capability of Building 96,
the hydrostatic test building, which was not com- 25X1
plete until early 1981. Based on the timing of this
construction, the items produced in the SS-X-24-
associated buildings at Safonovo were not in-
volved in the production of motors for the static
testing phase for the 15ZH43, and probably not for
the SS-X-24. It can therefore be extrapolated that
these items were for the flight testin phase of the
SS-X-24.
17. While no transport/launch canister for
the SS-X-24 has been observed on imagery or
Probable LADs have been observed near the silo
after both test launches from Plesetsk LTS 22
(Figure 4) and one of the launches from LTS 28.
Pavlograd ORDP indicate that motor case
production possibly occurred at this plant. F
18. Motor cases for the SS-X-24 will possibly
be produced at the Pavlograd ORDP (Figure 5).
The time span of reports3 linking two buildings in
the Pavlograd area with Safonovo and the dates of
the renovation/construction of two buildings at
Final Assembly
19. Final assembly and checkout of the SS-X-
24 for flight testing is probably being done at
Pavlograd Solid Motor Assembly and Test Support
Facility. Buildings associated with the SS-X-24 at
the facility are annotated in Figure 6. (S/WN)
20. Construction was started on five build-
ings (Figure 6; items 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6), three
assembly and two storage buildings, in late 1977
and early 1978. Four of these buildings were
externally complete in mid-1980. Railcar activity
observed at the facility since late 1981 indicates
that some limited production/assembly has been
taking place. Most likely, this production has been
for the flight test missiles. (S/WN)
Ground Support Equipment
21. No production facilities have been iden-
tified for ground support equipment (GSE) associ-
ated with the SS-X-24. Through August 1983, the
GSE identified in support of the SS-X-24 flight test
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phase at Plesetsk includes a missile transporter, a
silo loader, an upper canister transporter-loader, a
type IV warhead van, and several different pieces
of silo/missile system checkout (S/MSC) vehicles.
The missile transporter and silo loader are confi-
gured differently from any GSE associated with the
other missile systems, and the upper canister
transporter-loader is a typical MAZ chassis with a
specially-designed erecting mechanism. The type
IV warhead van is associated with other MIRV
missile systems. Components of two missile trans-
porters and two silo loaders were shipped to the
test center for final assembly, making the origin of
production difficult to identify. If the Soviets
continue this practice, the identification of the
plant(s) where this GSE is produced will continue
to be a problem. (S/WN)
Flight Test Center Construction Activity
22. Preparations for the flight test phase of
the SS-X-24 program began at Plesetsk (Figure 7) in
1978. Three LTS were either converted from exist-
ing silos or scratch-built to support the silo-
launched phase. LTS 14 and LTS 22 each have one
silo and LTS 28 has two. New support facilities to
support this phase of the program were con-
structed at the Missile Handling Facility (MHF) and
the Eastern Support Facility (ESF). Preparations for
flight testing of a rail-mobile variant of the SS-X-24
began in mid-1981. A rail-served probable ICBM
launch test facility next to LTS 28, a new probable
missile receiving and checkout area at the MHF, a
new missile-associated construction area, and the
eastern extension of the main complex rail line all
indicate that a rail mobile variant of the SS-X-24
will probably be tested. (S/WN)
SS-X-24 Launch Test Silos
23. LTS 28 is a scratch-built launch site (Fig-
ure 8). Construction on this dual-silo site began in
early 1978. While the silos were essentially com-
plete during 1980, final construction at the site
wasn't complete until approximately mid-1982.
The silos were constructed by using type IIIH (SS-
17) silo components and a unique new headworks,
which increases the silo depth by about 4 meters.
The new headworks component was placed be-
tween the top of the third silo sleeve section and
the bottom of the door pocket. A new, hexagonal
plate/structure was atop of the silo door; it has not
been observed on other type IIIH silo doors. A
line drawing of the silo is presented in Figure 9.
(S/W N)
24. Launch sites 22 and 14 were both con-
verted from type IIIE (SS-13) silos to the LTS 28-
type silo. LTS 22 was started in August 1978 and
completed in mid-to-late 1982. LTS 14 was started
at about the same time as LTS 22 and was exter-
nally complete in August 1983. LTS 14 should be
capable of supporting the SS-X-24 flight testing
before the end of 1983. (S/WN)
Rail-served Probable ICBM
Launch Test Facility
25. Construction was started on a rail-served
probable ICBM launch test facility next to LTS 28
(Figure 8) in late 1982. A buried launch control
building, identical to the launch control building
constructed between the two silos at LTS 28, was
also started. Other features being added to this
facility, similar to those at LTS 28, include a support
building and at least five instrumentation build-
ings. In addition, a 102-meter-long rail-in shed was
constructed just northwest of the buried launch
control building. (S/WN)
Support Facilities
26. New construction has been initiated in
both the MHF. and the ESF and is probably associ-
ated with both the silo-based and rail-mobile
variant phases of flight testing. The following three
areas were added to the MHF (Figure 10): the SS-
X-24 missile receiving and checkout area
(MRACA), the silo materials receiving area
(SMRA), and a new probable MRACA. (S/WN)
27. Construction of the SS-X-24 MRACA be-
gan in 1978 and was complete in about September
1982. Rail-to-road probable missile transloading
operations have been periodically observed dur-
ing 1983 (Figure 11). In addition to the standard
Soviet SRF 24-meter-long missile railcars associated
with the SS-X-24, two unique 19-meter-long SS-X-
24-associated railcars have been identified. These
unique railcars are probably used for shipment of
SS-X-24 components to Plesetsk. (TSR)
28. A SMRA (Figure 12) was constructed next
to the SS-13 receiving, inspection, and checkout
area in the MHF in 1979. Silo components, used in
the construction of the LTS 28-type silos, were
delivered there. Although construction is essen-
tially complete on the silos, silo components have
remained in the SMRA since The
remaining components included two type IIIH
(Phase IV) silo doors and door pockets, five type
IIIH silo liner sections, and one set of type IIIX
(launch control silo) upper silo components.
(S/W N)
29. A new probable MRACA (Figure 13) is
presently under construction at the MHF probably
to support a rail-mobile variant of the SS-X-24. All
the main buildings at the new possible MRACA
are rail served. A rail-through probable missile
receiving and checkout building was also under
construction. The high-bay portion of the building
is served by three rail lines and an additional
fourth rail line is alongside the low-bay side. These
four rail lines extend to the north and join into
one rail line which serves only the high-bay
portion of a 104-meter-long high-bay building.
This building will probably be associated with the
calibration and checkout of the rail-mobile ICBM.
A four-bay, rail-served probable interim missile
storage building was also being constructed in the
new probable MRACA. (S/WN)
30. Additional construction has been started
at the ESF (Figure 14), the vehicle maintenance and
storage area for equipment used at the eastern
end of the range. A 50-meter-long, five-bay garage
was constructed in mid-1980. This garage is used
for SS-X-24 GSE (Figure 15). A possible post boost
vehicle (PBV) propellant transfer area was con-
structed in the southwest corner of the facility
(Figure 14). This area was completed in February
1983 and will perhaps be used in support of the SS-
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ecret
Rail line extension
Road network
Railroad
- . - Powerl ine
SS-X-24 launch test site
A Space launch site
? Type I I IE launch site
* Mobile ICBM facility
j} SS-X-25 launch test site
O Launch control facility
V/// Site support facility
FIGURE 7. FACILITIES ASSOCIATED WITH SS-X-24 FLIGHT TESTING, PLESETSK
VPlC T-7826
NAUTICAL MILES
63 Da
X-24 program, The PBV for the SS-X-24 probably
uses liquid propellants, (S/WN)
31, Construction began on a rail-to-road
transfer point (RTP) between the ESF rail siding
and the Plesetsk main complex east/west road in
February 1983 (Figure 14), (S/WN)
32. A new missile-associated construction
area was identified in mid-1983, approximately 3
nm southwest of Plesetsk Launch Test Site 20 (BE
and next to the right-of-way for the
eastern extension of the main complex rail line.
The new construction area consists of two loca-
tions-a probable launch control silo and a rail-
siding area, with a 102-meter-long rail-in shed
(Figure 16), identical to the rail-in shed at the rail-
served probable ICBM launch test facility. (S/WN)
SS-X-24 Flight Tests:
/tems 1-4 are classified SECRET; item 5 is classIfied
33, The new probable MRACA, the new RTP,
and the new rail-served probable ICBM launch
test facility are connected by the eastern extension
of the main complex rail line at Plesetsk. This rail
line extension extends at least to LTS 26 (Figure 7).
Based on the construction pace for all this activity,
the earliest that all the rail-associated construction
could be finished would be during 1984, (S/WN)
Flight Testing
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Top Secret
Series Production
35. Series production of the SS-X-24 will
probably be mainly carried out in the Pavlograd
area. Some of the facilities associated with the
series production of the SS-X-24 have been or
soon will be completed. The stages for the missiles
used in the current flight testing phase were built
at Pavlograd, an indication that the production
line there has at least a limited capability. While
the facilities for series production of the SS-X-24
will probably be completed as early as mid-1984, a
start up in series production of the SS-X-24 before
successful completion of the flight test program
would be unexpected. (S/WN)
36. The timing of the start of construction
and the estimated completion date of the new
SMPP at Pavlograd (Figure 2) indicate that the
production line will probably be involved in SS-X-
24 series motor production. Construction on the
rest of the line continued through August 1983.
The curing building was externally completed in
July 1983, and the X-ray test building was in the
mid- to late-stages of construction. Footings were
emplaced for another curing building in Septem-
ber 1982; construction has not progressed past this
point and it appears that its construction has been
postponed. If the second curing building is not
included, the earliest that the production line
could be completed and ' ready for series
production would be mid-to late 1984. (S/WN)
37. In possible related activity at Pavlograd
ORDP, the start dates and pace of construction for
buildings within this plant may indicate that the
plant is also associated with series production of
components for the SS-X-24. (S/WN)
Final Assembly
38. Final assembly of the SS-X-24 will be
done at the Solid Motor Assembly and Test Sup-
port Facility in Pavlograd (Figure 6). Completed
portions of this facility have been involved in the
assembly of the flight test missiles. Construction
has continued through August 1983. A fourth
assembly building (Figure 6; item 7) was started in
mid-1980. Also during this period, an administra-
tion/engineering annex (Figure 6; item 10) was
added and a checkout building (Figure 6; item 5),
connected by covered walkway to the administra-
tion/engineering annex, was constructed. (S/WN)
39. In early 1983, construction began on a'
possible checkout building (Figure 6; item 9).
Grading for the foundation of a new building
(Figure 6; item 8) was started in spring 1983, and in
late July 1983, grading for a probable new building
(Figure 6; item 11) began in the northwest corner
of the facility. These two new buildings are proba-
bly not part of the SS-X-24 series production line.
In spring 1983, a new security fence encompassing
a 300- by 180-meters area was added to the
northwest corner of the facility. This fence may
indicate either that an additional building will be
built or that the rail line will be extended to allow
easier rail access. (S/WN)
40. The assembly building, started in mid-
1980, is externally complete but not operational. In
addition, another small checkout building was in
the midstage of construction. These buildings will
most likely be finished in early to mid-1984,
completing the SS-X-24 final assembly line for
series production. (S/WN)
Deployment Mode(s)
41. The SS-X-24 will probably replace at least
the 150 deployed liquid-fueled SS-17s. Two facts
support this. One, there has been no conclusive
evidence of improvement or modification pro-
grams for the SS-17. Two, silo components used in
the LTS 28-type silos at Plesetsk are basically similar
to those of a type IIIH silo, which the SS-17 system
uses. (S/WN)
42. The production capacity of the SS-X-24
series production facilities appears to be more
than would be needed if the SS-X-24 were meant
only to replace the deployed SS-17s. The next most
likely candidate for replacement by the SS-X-24
would be the SS-11. This liquid-fueled missile is
deployed in type IIID silos; all the deployed type
IIIH silos have been converted from non-modern-
ized type IIID silos. Therefore, the Soviets could
also replace some older SS-11s with the new SS-X-
24. The new missile may also be deployed in a rail-
mobile mode. (S/WN)
43. Silo deployment of the SS-X-24 is not
expected until at least 1985. Activity has been
observed at Kostroma, one of the two SS-17
complexes. Preliminary construction near the RTP
began between Al-
though it is too early to associate this construction
with future deployment of the SS-X-24, the lead
time needed to support a silo conversion program
plus the time to complete the first launch group
would indicate a 1985 deployment. No new con-
struction activity has been identified to date at
Yedrovo, the other SS-17 complex. Construction of
a second component handling area, in the mid- to
late-stages of construction at Kozelsk, an SS-11/-19
complex, is of unknown significance but might
possibly be related to SS-X-24 deployment. (S/WN)
44. If a rail-mobile variant of the SS-X-24 is to
be deployed, it is not likely that it will take place
before silo based deployment. Preparations for SS-
X-24 silo launch flight testing began well before
preparations for rail-mobile launch light testing.
Flight testing of a rail-mobile mode variant is not
expected to begin before mid-1984 at the earliest.
(S/W N)
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All relevant imagery acquired through) the information cutoff date, was used in the preparation 25X1
of this report. (S/WN)
ACIC. US Air Target Charts; Series 200; Sheets 0102-09, 0102-10, 0154-23, 0167-07, 0234-22, and 0234-24; scale
1:200,000 (S)
1. Blind Reference
2. Blind Reference
3. Blind Reference
4. Blind Reference
5. CIA. SW SWDRC 83-6108K, CIA/OSWR 441686, Science and Weapons Daily Review Cable (U), 14 Jan 83 (TOP
6. CIA.
(TOI
SW SWDR 83-167K, CIA/OSWR 529665, Science and Weapons Daily Re
*Extracted information isl
**Extracted information is SECRET
COMIREX J02
Project 543036)
Distribution 86-004
Comments and queries regarding this re port are welcome. They may be directed tol (production),
(test center), or deployment mode), Soviet Strategic Forces Division, Imagery
Exploitation Group, NPIC,I for green extensions
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