MINERAL RESOURCES AND INDUSTRY IN YUGOSLAVIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000100060027-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 25
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 4, 2012
• Sequence Number: 27
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/04 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100060027-6
50X1 -HUM
~nl Mwura~ am Ldw
?hs high],] productive and varied mina, a1 wsalth of ! oslavta is also
known to Moscow, sr.1 it has oauoed the xremlin to plaoe lugoalavia in
the role of a rear r-terial supp)ier with tha frasework ~f the .astern
bloc. =hue ?ugoalavia delivered its ore etc. to Rus;pia, Poland,
Csochoslovakia, arx1 the other east rn bloc mtatea from 1%3 cn, and
was supposed to r.oeivo badly nor~dc4 machinery .ii other industrial
products in r.turn. Nowev.r, partioularly from Ruau1* thane deliveries
arrived in such small Quantities eu1 were of suuh inferior quality that
Tito and hie ambitious oo.workSr. decided to etand on their own feet.
The sxpaasion program for Yugoslav heavy induetry waa drawn up in sa
ambitious aid pompous Five-Tsar Plan, export of raw materiais to saat.rn
oountries was ourbed, and uliveriea to the w.st.rn countriesrk.t
atarted, which wus an unplsasant blow to the eoonomio Plana of the
Kremlin. This eoonomio a.]$-4etermination of Tito's waa the osuee of
the diaput. between Yw:oalavia aid the soviet Unions and the Cominfosa.
The Slovenian Boris Kidrio, as Minister for the Five?Year Flan, is
responsible for the expansion sad the functioning or Tu, oslav iadurtry.
Paying utnant attention to the military aspeota involved ? evacuation
of heavy industry to the mountainoua interior of the country ? very
great .aphasia was placed on the expansion of con unioationa between
ore mining regions and individual industrieej in adlition to the focal.
ing of new industries. Thus the following railroad lines have been in
Yugoslavia since 1945r
jMrroko ? lanovic i, 92 km; Sae .c ? Sarajevo, 242 kin; N i ka io
Titograd, narrow-gauge, 56 a j Titograd ? Shkoder (coomeotion with the
Albanian raiucoads) j Uuraumliaa ? Prietina, 68 1aj L3ubi ja ? Hrerioani,
15 kmj Kreka ? Tusla, 4 kaj Poljana ? treka, 8.3 kaj Kucevo ? 8rodio.,
16 km (part of the planned line across the Danube River to Crajova).
The double?traok main line between between Be] p' de and Novena,
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4..troyid bOr the senoras dur 1ni their re treat, wu repaired in 194
to rears u a sing/.-track line, wt*ile the a?oond trick from Sea
to atririyo js - Yrpul je was f inishr~d in Ctl l at 1948. The Croatian
c~nnction to the t4riatic :~oa, Bthe ? Knin, U2 ka, toe put into
operation iu November 191. It. second track tU Novska was added
in April 1949, oompleting the auubl.-traok Use. b.ttrrea Li.lgrrde
apd l~agreb.
The foUowing line are al.noot ooap).t d a
Th. Tusis - bi j01ir,n - )Ioiut un. tid h4 Tus1a - Losnioa -
Mn ja Kovil jaoa - Uabao lino, O lay, oon.oting tb. i~portant
obeaioal combines L.ukavac and iorka (at -abuoy. Th. $kop1j. -
Qortivar - uhrid 1lno, which la b.ing oonvrrted i'rom a narroa-gauge
military railroad to a standard-gauge railroad for hie esploitatSoa
of ohroas mine. in Macedonia. A atiu~ard?gsugs railroad ltzi~ connect-
ing Kuroanovo and nvo je pol je is under oontr botion to reran the ootton
region of (fro je poi je. All these line are of great.et iaporttaoe for
Yugoslav industry and they- were built bl- aobilieed labor foroe., youths,
politioal prisoner., prieonere-of-ur, end military personnel.
*0******
Tb. Zagreb - Belgrade Highway, main artery of the Yugoelav
highway system, is under oonet action and is suppoeed to be oomplet.d
in 1951.
?ugoslav it hs.try suffered ooaparatively little from the rnr.
First of all, the German constricted new plants in Slovenia to d they
also und.rook .nlargement. end iaprovernte of existing factories in
the interior of the oountry. g.d. the atrniaoe alumina plant near
Ptu j ! the aircraft engine plant in Tesao near Maribor (now an automobile
factory) j the Drava power plant at Drevogred sni Mariboreki otok~ near
Mariborj oleo the enlargement of the 8or Copper Mines in Serbia. Qn
can see that the 4.rnaae were mainly iaterestid in otrst gia metelao
oopp.r and aluminum, production of xbiob is considered to bane priori
in Tugoslavia at present.
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Tb. Tugo?Lrv gOY?rt~eat started to take over all indurtrier
leaediat.1y after Uie end off' this war in 194$. Ty ohurs Uie slsplert
asxt oh rpeet s yr at doing it. They Lru ht tho uaz re into court and
sentenced then to many years of forced laka*i i oonfieoation or
property. They elt&ye rourxi u roaeon for trytzi th.ni not. beitrg
eati*'ied with findtE; pulitioal faults with the indurtri&UJt$, they
also tried aril ouuviot.4i Wwm for oollaboratiOflr sooiAl offences or
Loo_ tax evuatonr whAtevur dray fourxl duitatrle. The oane war roost'
dif f ioult where ror. igz~ rupridtarr wee. eunoes'aed. u i,noe taut neulo
demarxl s for oompeaoation ? iiutirever?, Ydtluut , aylru : rely attnn tlur- to
their tiemands, the state touk over ti,eix iautox?ieor too. Until rte,
the only eettlellrnr mide hi~vo beers with Lwoden, while nagotiationa
with other oountrie$ have failed to oomc to yay oonclueiofl. Only the
u5 m in the tortwwt4 eltuation of having the gold of the Tugo.la!
National Bank in ito poileeuion and it far able to aeduot the oosQsnea-
tiona before it reoently returned the gold.
8inoe some of the directors, lending offioialer and experts nee.
removed from their poste by war events and the ree t of then ere rr
removed by the new government, it beoaae rseoesaary to replace thee
with third rat. native laborers in ord.r to ?et the individual planta
Into operation again. gene the German and Austrian priaon.r$ of war,
due to their pester teohnioal training, played an i portant part.
Other labor foro.e wsis drawn from p.reone sentenced to foroed labor
and the rest frog mobilised labor eourore
for polStioal or"der
(aoneoripLion for r.ooiatruation) at~d youth. In the beginning of 1946,
recruiting oi' apeoialista rtertrd in the gas tern Zone of ueru*ny and
Austria, with aonthly wages up to 20,000 dinars. A great number of
thee. epooiaJ iota sre still .splayed in Yugoslavia. The great look of
rte is the beat bottl nook in the d.relop?ent of Tugoslav iaduatr7.
9tat.+oontro11id Yugoslav z*wepaprre actually idolise their nature
industry. They report .very suooese, no n*tter how small; thq tall
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In thefr DropaE;anda reportu of to 'darn
ilclN (rboo~C ~z'~terir), ttw
Nth" azki "retiunalirt;r"j~t'i'iaiexux
y ?zpsrtgJi wlxo i*ioye ?4I
eoonoraii. tu'oauotiol,. ILowever, ,lo ~wutio,i whit..
rAr is ever asd
or faptorleu xhou ,,a?,xiuo tr are aced lu ar
y by tk,e Yujwrluv any.
The newer U*olrinory isl u;mratiox~ carry from ti
njaz'y and dax'
as rdparrtion deliveries (noon di>It,1~c1 maobiru
tool l+rwtorjur wrre
brouJt to Yu omlavid i'rc,w ohweix r~J d
r'wrobeoel~) r wore tyae?vrM
ar UHRI{A ~ieliveriap, or were buu& ht on he bYuok
aarket Lz t1,e ?aatern
Zonaa of Gar,zw arnl Atata'ia, ? i ~.ho bu iruj
B ~ tt~ir raaolrinery o~aulci Le
paid i'or with hoioi,cr n ka obtuJ from ourre
n0y szobs ? Ownura of
aoooaxnta In foreign oountriea wor, i o'oed to turn thee oyer to the
state, wf>liah tt>lua obtained torei~ sxah*ngs . 'l'he state also obta,lr.
fnrai~-l ourrorsc; CI'cun Yu4or av returnNs frrw
Arggntinr tl? USh., and
Caruula. ?Iieir aaah ( in doilsrr) waa taken
from them on true nZiipr and
axohang d at the rate of 50 dinars for one dollar (tiro black market
exohrun~ a it 3u0 din. o for one dollar) . 1946 arxf 1947 I~oelatia
obtained dome foreign exohryr lead
rider aeabntr Baiter -zeroury, various t
yper or Beds, Woody etc?
to the world rzarkot via Trieste. This was
then used to buy badly
needed rrraohirxery az*1 raw matexial.d frntr ;;wits
rlanct, l,nglcuxj r Ita],y,
uelgium and, deapite Ai riaan axport curbs, troa the USA, through
go-beteeena in South America ark Italy. Mach
finery from the eaetetn
atatea maa paid for by o~penratory deliverie
r of all kinds. Yu~orlay
needs for mwohinery of all klnde r technical
artioleer pluabsg ar*1
e;Iaotrioal equil~mont, ooti,unr wool, tannin
~ ra-teriaL, hid.,
paraIi~sutioa1j, and many other goods, are dtul, at
~ ara~ their iaok
le another bottleneck for tho development of
!ujosy ir-duatry,
4
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Tb. r owuer yi
... .......
The foi t.r of this moat lmportar-t oopprr min in Europe w*a the
8wabd*a neorg ~eifert from l~enoavo, who started work here tinder King
Milan Obrs ovio in or about 1890. ~Ieifert wua the owner of large
breweries, owa~er ant j~reeidtjnt of the aerbian Natlonrl Bank, aad the
first Serbian indtuutrialint of world fain.. In 1940 the yearly
production o.t oopper at for .wnmtad to 500 toms. Due to the class
oultural and eocn omio tier between :lerbia ani Frac~oe the Wins r snt
into bench ownemh ip to 19u6, and were os l.d "Mine. de eaar iA"
with their oentrsa. offioe in Paris. The Yrnnoh ooapany oot t issued
oopper minir&F,, gad, ue into Ure most up-to-date methods, they reached
a yearly output of 42,300 tnri of orude oopp'r to 19$, -nakin~r thin
the hi hoetryieldlrr inin-z in 1uru} o. A cope iz eleotrolyei:i iuatrl1M
tion to el iminmte the gold r,~ l "ilver, which tear oonta t ned in the ore
up to one I,xax faille, wan built by Krupp under the tnjsdinovic govern-
ment, which in 1938 turned out 1,134 tone of pure electrolytic oopper
monthly. Unter Gnrrnan occupLt n the annual yi i]tt of the rrw tal nt
up to 100,000 tons in 1943. Thin wan aooomplinhed try u7 tng the most
up-to-date method, amt machinery rind with the employment o(' thouearda
of Jowish forced laborers from gun my ruxi Rwmc.nia. pecial barraokn
were built to house them. During the war Herman Doer ng, through ttu
German enroy Abets in Paris, bought a great pert of the "Mines tie Box"
stook and thereb7 gained great influenoe in carrying on the bucainesa of
the company, which caused sons of the directors to move to New Tork.
The copper eleotrolysie iastallatian ryas damaged during the Runeian
sdvanoe. The Russians, visibly i asbed by the sire and the yield at
the mires, oonaider* Hoe an "German property" beoauee of he great
amount of ,took ow d by Oern n r aril took possueion of it ae wnr booty.
Even in 1945, Russian engineerp arrind to reran operationn, together
with soae of the forMr Oerman experts, who mere returned to for as
prisoner. of rear. dint the copper eleotrol.ysie lnetallation was put
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into a-peration e t and then produotion war started in all tlu other
seation$. Mew rsthods, tested in IMguitogarsk aM XiroYgrad, were
wed in the salting j~lants. deoauwe of he~-vy sulplnwous smoke the
viotity of Bor hme beer, unfertils ror years, .z now th! hussions
are tr'Ying to change this owed it ion by wing new u.thode. At pseewnt
20,000 aen are .mplo7ed ut Bur, HQ per vent of them political
isonsrs sentenced to foroed labor or prisoners or wear] they ars
Pr
houaed in tbs barTaokl used formerly by the Jewish loroed laboerere.
Produotioa has not yet reach'd the tij;h level it att&ined in 1943
Bader the Germana? Eleotrio power la auppliad lros the Pali
Lortolao thu' 1 power plant over the niz' own longU?di$tana line,
125 kilosrters in length. Thee power plant uses coal ror the nosrtq
open pit coal mince. In order to faoilitate trwportation to Kuseia,
two seotiana of the mine were linked to the km~be by rail Byres,
nape the Bar ? Crni Vrh rotor, 21 ka, sal t)ae Petrovac ? alsdne
Vode actor, 16 ks. The whole 8onolja writ, betwren the liorsY& aM
Tiaok riv.ri oontalns oopper (1 - i per oent). The main vot at Hor
has a ler3gth of 10 lam, ie 2 km wide ar~d ~0 atesw deep, and has a
ooPPer oontent of 6 to 7 per oent, in addition to gold, spar, end
sulphur deposits in usher amounts.
Though all TugoelaV indurtries were taken over by Ui. state, the
ownership is not settled beoause of Russian demands. The Bor oopper
mine is !ugoslavia's greatest natural asset, an important factor in
world ooPPer prodavtioa, and plgP n iaportant role in all decisions
sade 17 lugoslsvis.
TugQl1aVift Hors not have az, copper prooessing irslustr' worth
Matconing. The Impol Plant in 8lavensska 8istrios, south of Maribor,
for prcowsing of ooppSr, copper alloys, sod sluainun, has only a sroa11
produoticb ospsoity dine to its lack of t.ohntoal equipsent and experts.
Tim IORkat*l oable laotory in Novi dsd ea~playt It*U.~!- (Trust.)
sxpsrts snd produoes copper oablAI with lead cuing, telephone cables
6
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with laud, PSper- arn1 ilk iaau1at1on
p~r'tiou1 '1y for the une or tt a orlav
a1! or thu kt bauuit. depoeite of
th w"34 +-rs is
1Iu1or1avia NiiI Nun~ary? In 1939 the
annual baiac,!#~ praduotion meted
to 314,41U9 tonr ? t4oe t o: it war
The riots bauiito deporit. (high.e red
diah bMuiclto) aear unia
aad Dz'nie, 1st*een L1ka rind Dalmatia lad to
- th. fawndatioa of tbee
L)al.~-tian aluminum irxlue try dtnrn before World Mar Y ? Ai toIntbar about
2,500 trorlure arr employed In t.h. Loaovao +urd 5irrrio plant. Produo.
tion to hider todal- th*n it try in 1940, .rad th. ipr'eat.r pint at it
in exported ae (prude alumifym. The Loiovt
plant Haar 8it,urjj her
been agl,arr{ since l94s j ? tarp ha11 with 11- +uMlting tun.c. baa
been Wanly oonatruotad? Eleotrio
power to aupP1j. troa tb. Oubivia
btdralaotrio punt located at the Irks
~-ters'a1jo.
zn spring 1942, th. Qar otartad the
ogtruotian of ? buggy
alumina plant in 8trr-iroe Hoar
Ptu.j , in tba 8]oyni. R.publio ? The
oonrtzruetion of thin plant rrae within t1~
h'ametrork of the "OrtplaoN
(plan for the eyt) of claryn, industrY- aid experia. gainsd in tie
nearby ~un~rian aluainua tadurtrl- a-y uti
1jaed? vita for the
? pmt wru suPPoNd to be l
~ j. by Xu8az'y? In order to
aupply tae roquirid amount of elaotrio
power for the pleat and ter
wag
the asroraft plat is Tesno~ nhio/oo
nir
truotad at the name ti,
oQaurt1sUOtiaa-1ru started on the Drava
ponrar plant on MIrlborek! Otok-
sear Wribor? Conatruotior~ of another
hydro+laotrio plant ny
rtaxtad at Dravop~, hjJ tmy mos. plant
were plate at Vussnj
aid PtuJ. The plant is l oaatod on the pr
asraka-Pral,],rcad lb.,
With the work rhop. to the right sr1 the
adainirtrat3on and living
qlaartirs to the lai t, In addition to a
great nal* r of railroad
traeke aa1 the Hen $tarniroe factory 1~oad
ing rt*tioa- they built en
7
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awd$rgrOuod sews. oonduit aeasuring aa. se+ter in dlaastsr, along.U.
th. railroad line to ktuJ running to th. Drstraj it 'Si pertly ooaplat.d
dnrtn the rr &rr. The )'ran - Ptu j roan, looat.d north of the railroed
Lin., was linked to th. Prai.rsko ? Ptuj ro.d by a newly conetruotrd
road 1ssdin1. pest the traiaoe plant and uad.ru.atb the railroad lln
(lang. viaduot).
Ater tha uni o.t tho wrr, the Yugo.lavS startrd at aaos with
the co Lion of tho hydroe1sct2 is plant on gariborski otok, a.ar
filar, ibor, which L- psij3y in opsrwtion at Us. present t J? Also woorh
on U 5trniaoe phnL ws-s continued with the aid of aobiliaed labor
foro.s, since 1946 under tho supervision of Q*zain and Numgariaa
+ni;in..rs. Living; iuartori az,.1 edainietration bul1di.ags r~.re owaplet.d,
while the factoz'J iteeif 1i supposed to be completed by 1951. only
theu will the real production Het wader gear. The 2,000 workers are
ke}~t busy mainly ,. tth construe tiori work, while 1'/ brigades aril 69
youths SQ work aocordins; to the Stakhaaovit.-systu 5ra1u* p&yaent
.y.t.17. The promising futur. or th. Strniaos pleat - due to its
tayorsbls location, great power supply, end ed.qust. bauxitr d.poeiti
within the country - ie repatedly asntion.d in !ugoslav goverment
circles. However, it is i~robabI that Tugoslatia will suoo.od is
eooplsting this huge ant modern plant b.aauao dory cana.ll.d its
alumima agr sasnt with Tugos1svis att.r tbs ooaflict with the Coainfora.
Total production of aluminua in Tugos]mtis aaamt.d to 1,700 tour
in 199, and is supposed to ri oh 13,000 toss in 1951 after the cc..
pletioa of ters p]ant is Strnieos.
Tugoslavia has too few facilities for proc.r.ing aluainuw at the
prrr.nt tie., and th.refore she sxporte crude alurinum as well as
bausit..
B
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.rl 1a.Ll
m
D401itvia' o tr iual production of e-ntimorr ore s mted to
15,000 tone in 1939. 880 tone of pure antimoryl metal were
Tugo.lsvi* mines antimony In the KrupanJ, Laos, and
kijanovao mine in the Drina regicni 1n Weet.rn y.rbia. Th.as
in wur. fouwd.d by Frenob oapital. Th. sines wsr..nlargsd
during th. CMrran oooupation, and in 1943 they w.rs taksn ovsr
by tbs Yugoslavs, a1Aost wadamaged. Production is high.r today
than it was in 1940. Yugoaluvis owns anotber min in Ivanioa,
near Usiok* Poa.gs, which, honvsr, is not so profitable.
Iu1goslavia supplies antimony to all the sastsrn atat.a, and this
.xport fsotor pls s an important role in their mutual trade.
?nnuel lead production aaaunted to 11,000 tons and a1~
production to 5,000 toga in 1939. Following the Fivs.Xea r Plan,
lead production is supposed to be isor aa.d aix-fold and atx
produotion four-fold.
T. richest lab sad sine d.posit. are looat d in ?repoa,
nsar Kosovaka M1,trovioi ems aasr the hiatorio Kosovo Pol J..
Founded by Rad. Puio, eon o~ the all-known Serbian etat.e~n
Mikola Puio, the mines soon puasd into English ownrehip.
Eugliah capital equipped the mines with rod.rn maohin.r7 and built
flotation sad malting plant., thereby raisins production
ast.rially. The largest easlting plant ii boosted in nearby
Zv.oan, while Zl. taro, another stns in operation, is also not too
distant. Until /ril 1941 the lead and wino ooneentratea obtained
(also pyrit.) w.rs delivered to the world mrk.t via 8alonik*.
Tr poa wsa enlsrgod during the Qer~oan oooupation, and over-mined
by using m roue forced laborers. The in.tallations were not
daaa~d during the war, ax 1 the Yugoelava started to op.rat. them
iiediat.ly after the war, using mostly forced laborer.. Production
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is biglurr than it vas in 1940. Bbiye~ents to Russia go via Kladovo,
while sbipaenta death e~i for Caechoelaru4 td Poland are rent to
~ederovo to be loaded onto tugboats. DeliYeries to wrtern states
go via the harbors of Piuae, Trieste, or MetkoYlc.
Work on a nnr and little known Lind aim. vas started in
Buplia Stem, in tho Plevl je district of 1lonteuegTO, in 191e7. It
it etill under construction and a substantial rise in the total
lead production le expected, aineo thee. deposits have a high lead
content.
me lead mine of the Bleiberger Bergwerka-Union, 'which became
Yugoslavian in 1920 and vas acquired by tht 1d &.ish firm "Europa
Itines, Ltd," is located at Crna v 14eziski Dolini in 81ov'enie, near
the Carinthian border. Trite mine, too, Va$ not dewaged during the
var. Their lead rdelting furnaces ra1c. it possible to obtain pure
lead, while the zinc concentrate., which er^ obtained ae by-
products, are rent to the zinc works in Celia. There large smelt-
ing fUrniacee, rolling and grinding mills, permit quick processing
of the zinc concentrates received. 'j'he pure cinc es veil as tha
sine oxide obtained satisfies the country 'a own needs and is also
exported to the eastern states.
Chromium. Yugoslavia also possesses chromium deposits in the vicinity
of Bkoplie, vhich were exploited by the Aseo and Alatini fires
before the war. Chrc ore war shipped via 8elOnika to the 1A
and England. This region vas occupied by the Bulgsriens during
the war and the chrome ore obtained there was an important factor
in the Qernw.n-Bulpurian exchange, since the import of Turkish chrome
ore encountered increasing transportation difficulties. Therefore,
the exploitation of ohmss ore was intensified by Qerman experts
during the var. Yugoslavia took over the undamaged installations,
enlarged the "chromium railroad" between Bkoplje and Qoativar (also
to aid in supporting General Markos) , and nov supplies all the
eastern states vith chrome ore. he annual production amounted to
44,o97 tone in 1939.
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ode, ~ Qerasn geologists discovered * 1ybdenua deosits in southern
Serbia durinH World War II. fxyloitation vus sturtal t ouc~,
bocnuea wolybdrnum vua of great importance to the (;ermrn heavy 1n.
ii. Yugoslavia continues the exploitation car noiybdenum end
is eager to find Q.rman exyurts to work on thie fob.
Morcur . As the result of World Wer II, the reion of Idria in Slovenia
with its mercury mines cmm~e into Yugo.1avim's yooseuior~. This mine
hr~s been known mince the b~idc11c ~geu, is one or the richest in the
world, and suyp11u iO parcent nvorld production. Operation is
normal at present (proctuctioci is Civc timrun is much cis U88}i pro-
duction), and he yroducts is c shipped via Trieste rot tranship-
merit to tha World wsrket, e.t twr as they ire not used for Yugo-
sLavia's or tha eastern states' military puryoscs. In addition,
Yugoslavia has another satallcr aercury mine in Rogatica, Bosnia,
vhich is being enlarged at present.
P!yr1te. Sulphur ore (pyrite) is obtained in great aaaounte in the
Majdanpek nitric in western Berbia, which vas originnily founded by
German and Hungarian capital. Snlargemsnts were mrda by the Aermsns
during the war. MsJdanpek is situated near the Danube River, which
makes transportation to Russia and Ue eastern states easy Their
needs are almost fully covered by pyrite dalivsries from Yugoslavia.
MsJdenpek's pyrite is also dlsliv+ered to the Yugoslav chemical fac-
tories in Sabac, Krusevsc, Celle, and Brastnik. Pyrite also occurs
as a by-product in the Trepca lead minas and the Bor copper mines.
Annual production amounted to 127,039 tons in 1939?
Iron and Steel Industry.
A) Mining of Iron and )nganeee ores.
Total production of iron ores amounted to 613,000 tons in 1939 and is to
be raised 2 times following the c *pletion of the pive.Year plan.
Iron ore is mined in the 1.args Ljubi,a mines, known since the time of the
Romana. Boon after the occupation of Bosnia in 1878 real exploitation of this
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rich irob are deposit vsa rtsrted. Tod&y L
Jub1Ja it at great irport~e for
YUgorlavis, and * 15-bu railroad line, built re
centl~Y, from LJubija to
Brericanl 1ir;, It to the rosin line betwea 8
ibac and 9ap-jr-luka. Light,Y
lobar brigades, vim coatinuourly cagplain about poor rations, vork in
LJubija. In ryite of the greaten efforts
made by tho respc~nrible authorities,
a 30 Percent shortage of xoa'kers mill exists
in LJubija. All plants of the
Yugoslav iron industry, except Zeaica and Y
arer- rich have their local iron
ore cleporits, are supyliod vitl~ iron ore tram
LJubija. Until the Co*lntorm
conflict all the iron ore not used in the count
~ ' r own industry Mar Nqt to
Uungary send Crechorlovaki,a,
nese is mined is Topusko, Croatia
wM+h it used by the native in-
durtry and alto exported. ilithin the I'itro-
Year Plan it it intended to open
up ese deposits located in Macedonia, Ann~ production amounted to
4,000 toss in 1939 and is ryppored to
be raised to 46,000 to~ar-
B) Iron Proces~ring Industry.
A total o! 111,000 tone of crude iron and 235,000 tons of steel vs
available to the iron processing industry in 1939? By 1951 the yroduction
of crude iron is to increase tine-fold and o
! steel three-told.
The iron and rtes/ plant at Jereaice
ez1,1oyr about 5,000 workers ?280
labor brigades sad 40 youth brigsdes? gore
the tolr.r miner Indurtriegesell-
rchatt, shore main stockholder, August prsprotnik, Mar billed by partlratu in
191e2- built aod.rn Mart turnacer' fly. open'het furnace., electric smelt-
ing lluc'raoer, rolling mi11s for heny ghee
r t Iron, eta. They produced railroad
tom' nilroa twitches, and other roily
Dad material, ai-lleable and rolled
iron, iron tuber, sheet iron, cable nail
r, electrodsr, welding wire, etc,
Another iron and rtes/ plant is located in
Quat..a, Slovenia, on the
Maribor ? IClageaturt railroad line. This plant formerly belonged to Count
von Thurn and va1sarsiiaa, and it produces[ ma
irz] steely of all
klndi? Recently this plant produced 250
tour of hardezud steel party for the
new Niribor bYdroelectric plant . Party !or
X11 V*Q s and plain sheet stop
are also produced here.
A caller iron plant is Store near Celje produces primarily cart, iron
or all kinds.
l2
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Decause of the oxtensive local ore daposits in Yare., thin Austro. Uu i rian
tinsnce ainiater Ku11*y rwWnded thin iron industry of Zenica and Yaros soon
utter 1878. Tte.c iron pldnntn vere in vperat1an until the end of Vor11 War I,
a. lend. u n ud plants or Bo.nim and Hertogovi na. They are situated on the
narroti+-gauge Boo. Brod - 8n~rajevo railro+~d lino, and now, in addition, on the
standard-g;ugs 8aas-c - Bartjcvo railroad line, which vus ooraatruct:d this year.
Engineers tram the Kruyy vorka Modernised the plant during the BtoJadinovic
gaverna.nt. The plant vua not drnmaged during the var. Using partly dasestic
materials, a nrrv open-hwwrth turnac? vus built after 19145. Tool dtdel, tire
and high-tea~eraturr resistant steel (made according to German patents),
aachines t'or small rolling mills, et?ol for the olectrical industry, magneti~ted
steel, cynazao sheet-iron, etc., weave iroduced in their large smelter. and
smelting turnacco, rolling mill., and other modern inotallutlons, wider the
supervision of Gorman engineers and yrisoner-of-var oxpert.. The total number
of workers euipa.o~red here is about 4,000.
Bartid in 8mnderovo is another large iron plant with its own saw~ltera
and foundries, formerly a aubsidiary plait of the Ruome~nlan Besd i as works.
It produces tools and equipment made of iron and steel.
The BlSak iron plant in Croatia, with its several blast furnaces, oust
contribute aaterial]y to Yugoslavia's iron production. The blast ttrnaceo of
Topusko on the alina, pred~eeessor or this plant, were cao~plotely destroyed by
the partisans.
In 1945, after the end of the var, the nev oentral foundry in Zemun was
constructed vithin a short time by forced laborers and conscripted civilians.
Technical shortcaainge in its construction led to the collapse of the large
factory hall in 1917. The head engineer, Milan Sekulic, a ve11-known architect
in Yugoslavia, was held responsible for this incident and sentenced to ZO year.
of forced labor. The foundry's production capacity is very great, and pig iron
castings, steel castings, cast iron, and alloy castings are produced in several
cupola furnaces. Most of the production is supplied to the nearby "Iva-Lola-
Ribar" machine factory, near Belgrade. This heavy machine-tool factory is 10
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kilometers distant tras situated on the riit bank
or the Bare -
opposite Va1Je~ro - and linked to the capital by its own railroad.
fti, factar'y,
too, ear built in great baste, since 1946, by forced laborer', mobilised
vorkerr, and youths, and grquid winter indicator that its came
traction also ie
teahn1ca).1y faulty. The tactory has been partly in o ration
~ far one year.
?'chines were delirer.d from tru.nz'y, 8cbreiatu t and Bra
~ unschw+eig, ar
reparation deliveries. Its producte conaiat of hoavy msobin.
tools and yreaaee
for the light metal and iron industry, shear for sheet iron and ?twl stunts,
and artillery equipment. About y,000 workers rre
.1ayed here.
The Prv Jsk machine-tool factory, constructed by the Ue dwriag
the ve.z', le located in Zagreb, an4 Produces machine t
OO1M, e.g.,
lathes, milling, drilling, grinding, end cutti4aach
8 roes.
The large Lltortroj tactory in L~ubljans a new
Iry cobstructed since
19+7, and it e~playe about 2,500 Workers.
Products consist of machine foals
for the wood industry, cranes, cross-bar,, icult
~' oral machinery, all types
of hydraulic machinery, !Caplan turbine,, etc. The
pleat has its oen foundry
and a branch in Mats.
The former Siemens-rrarop in Zagreb has been enlarged. It is noti
called Bade Koncar and e*ploys over 3,000 people.
Auer it is caogpleted and
all oquipmsnt is inetallei, it will estp1 r 10,000.
products ire generators
for hydroelectric plants (*ribor parer station
), i,tormerr, ,witcbboarda,
telephone,, and 800-hp electric ~o'tors, type A 120 a
eynchranou,.
The I,kra ( ) Plant in Krrnj, a eubsw'y the Rad,e Koncar factory,
pToducee electric meters, electrical parts, voltaeter
s and ammeters, el,c c
aping '.chines, etc. This factory vas erected as as as's'ent plant by the
Oersans during the war.
A factory for genera], structural iron (Bplosna), located in akribor, was
enlarged by the Germane during the war and now
,po
e ialifs in materials for
bridge construction. It has a large factory ha11
, laurge craaer, it. a~rn sid-
ing,, and also produces propellers of all dime.
The nachine factory and foundry in OriJek el
~ oyjg 500 workers, pro-
duces agriculture/ machiaery of ell kinds. Former
ly it belonged to the
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let Croatian Iavinga Bank cceabine, like the 'ratan eubeidlary in K nin1k, which
ib independent nor dad produces chinavare and otter household art.
The aachine factory and foundry in i*ruvnr, Croatia, produces llgrit
ara,ctkine tOO1., revolving prA..ab, btofl grinders, aInd machinery far tha
building trada.
The 1takovioa engine tact~ry, lu the 1ko1grade suburb of the same name,
10 under the supervision of Garmar,unginaer. and productssoline engines
for tire-truck., and tot use in other cupncitiva, engine parts, aircrttt
angina., and parta roar autaiobily en 1ne.. hla factory, built by Cxoch ax -
ports (/koda) in prevur Yugo.lavia, with the .upport of the waar ministry,
ccntiuuea to servo N*inly militlury jiurpoae..
The YUN ofcrett plant in Tvxno, roar tiribor, built by the Germane
dur1n the tier, le today called Tvornicu Autunobilov Maribor, or T.A.M.
There are more than 150 machines (mostly lathes) in the halls of
the plant, which covers a large area. There are sleo two underground wourk-
rooms, which et present serve ae fuel etoreg. places. Due to a lack of
technical material, it has not been possible to start ui' production, and
work ie done in one shift. The products consist of small automobile parts
and valvee for motorcycle.. The announced automobile production consisted
or aooembling several automobiles, while the parts wero supplied by CEecho-
elovakia. These deliveries bave now stopped, so that the 1948 quota vuo only
30 percent Fulfilled, a fret that had to be witted by Yugoslav officials.
Located in 81av. Bz'od is a factory for locomotives, machinery, and
bridge construction parts, which formerly belonged to the 1st Croatian Savings
Bank and now is a etate?owned factory bearing the name of party aecretary
Djura D~akoric. This plant was almost completely destroyed during the war
and was rebuilt and put into operation again with the aid of numerous forced
laborers. At present it mainly repairs locomotives and railroad care, and
producer bridge construction parts and drills for the oil industry. The pro-
duction of locomotives in this plant Is also provided for within the Five.
Year Plan.
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The Jtieenioa factory in Bmoderuveka Prt1ttftk j~roduces new typos off'
I-eeaenger railroad care, bgtt~c turd mail core, and street care. Also,
captured German and Italian raiiro?d corn urn' being rapairod ow that t,l-ay
cwr br, used ror shipment uP ti~dh rind j-oultry.
Machines train the Krt1j~vo rullroad car ttctUry were removed by tha
Gerntarw during the var. Plow nest m,tchlnc?ts from Germruty (reparation deliveries)
LLrr being eet up and jiut into o;-NrrttiozL? Producte corteiat of locaawtivee ror
narrow?gnuga rttilro th . Hecarttly l,roduct,ton of railroad curu va.u of irrt.gid,
but lack of mutrrials cttunra interruptions ire production.
Locuted in L ruoavtic, Berbia, la u smn1lrr railroad cur tactory, nod
work on railroad cars . Warr cbunac hna not
To date, Yugoslavia liau not j)roduced locomotives for nurrov-gauge rail-
roade but he obteineci t1v m Iran Kung-,ary nrcpara.tinn dnlivcrice. Other
large railroad repair ohopu crr located in Maribor, Zagrob, Barajevo, His,
Rijekx~, Bubotlca, .rndjija, and Zrcnjanin (Vel. Hrckerek)
The iron foundry and machine factor, in Petrovara&ln, near Novi Bad,
produceo hemp and linen-procetoing machines as well as concrete mixers.
They also carry out repair vork on tanks and trucks for the army. Machinery
in operation va? imported Prom Russia in 1947
The former Vietad machine factory in Valjevo, Serbia, wan badly damaged
during the war, Hovevor, because of its importance for the Yugoslav army it
was put into operation agin noon after 1945. Even in the old Yugoslavia,
this factory produced weapon parts for the array arsenal in Krau'ajevac.
Yugoelar nevapapere never mention the Vietad factory.
The Yugoslav army arsenal in K.ragujevac var almost completely destroyed
during the var and its machinery removed by the Germane. Reparation deliveries
and Russian aid have made it possible to put it partly in operation again;
it now does mainly repair work. Iran and steel came fran Russia and Czecho-
olovakie1 at first, but now part of these requirements are met frcn domestic
production.
"14 October, doing mzainiy rcycdr
yet bacn coxnpletc?ly re;-t~irecL
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r.J
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mm Kotor-TivUt naval a-raatts! vu occupied by Wu, Italians durit tlse
aar and v. rdturnod to Yugoi,iav posner?ion vlthout mny damn. Thart, too,
only reyuir work i? bcird~ulc at the ;rant t1i.
Au- ermwnition ractury hna bean wt~dor construction since 1946, mainly by
forcod iaborerr, in Vogosce, near Oarajevo, It will c*ploy 1,000 workers and
viii produce mainly ?tu~lln. Its machlnory cane rrca Cxncioa1ovakia and
Huaain.
A powder factory, dat1ng (ruin ulU Aue ris, is located in Kamnik; It is
now in normal operation.
Yugoslav ahipyardr are lacuted in IUjeka, Pula, Split, and KralJevica.
Haw m&.r'rieil It ou)L)liou L-y the domci?tic iron iuid steel industry as veil us
imported fran Czechauluvakirt, Poland, anti Euaaia.
The Yugoslacv aircraft iudual,ry is in its infancy. Available for it are
thn hogozaraki fuctury iii lic1grade, aril the Ikarua and Za~aj factories in Z.anun.
The German plucecl ttris factory undor the Wiener Neuetadt aircraft plant and
produccd party for &trcraft. The factory was enlarged and new machines vere
installed, all of which cured and nta ud into Yugoslav pnsoeaaion. The former
Kraljevo aircraft factory waa dlamantled by the Germans, because of its unsafe
locution in partisan territory, and only now has it been put into operation
again. AU the shops are doing mainly repair cork; mass production of air-
craft Iv out of the question.
The Sutjeika precision instrument fsetory in Belgrade produces navigation
inetrumonts, mdnarnetera, etc., for military purposed. Also medical inetruments
are being case-produced, and the production of X-ray apparatus was undertaken
recently.
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Th. hg
C ioal Indual
The Tugoslav oheadoal tMuatry, too, writ overooao 6rsat dittt?
aulties. A suftYoierit amount of rsaNr material is available, but there
is a lsok o! araohinery, sine deliveries frog Qseohoslev*kis end
fuD,vy )ere deore~-sed substantially. A laok of exp.rta is also
,wtioeahle.
Thee oleodro-inoaa plant in Sibenik (mrtallurgioel oo~btna) pro
duoes terro-..nos. rerro-ew1ybden a, and swrphow eleotrodsa.
Flenirio power is eiapj~lied from the power plaint at the Yrkstallr.
The Ruse pri :tariboru nitrogen plant in Maria R*r. fur Maribor,
formerly founded by Austrian oepitel, prorhuoes oeloit o3-aaamide whiob
is exported in great amounbs. The plat oontinuod operationa during
the war end way not deaMged. At presernb lift olootrio turnaoee Are
in operation and production oonaisti of oeloium oarbide, oxygen,
nitrates, nitrogen, sulphur dioxide, aoetylaa~ gas in aoetone solu-
tion, nitrous o dde, amnoniuaia sulphate, acsaonit nitrate, oaloias
oyanamide, reoentty also oorundtis for tha abruives industry, Perry
manganese, eto. The plant Is oonsidered a Tory important one, and
in 1947 rid 1941 large new 1mbor*torieu and an industrial sohool for
young workers were oonatruoted. Rleotrio power is supplied orir ths
plant rs own line frog the noar oy Fels Drava pcnrer station, The total
number of workars is atc~ut 1, P 40.
me Delmaoija fao*ory in Split produces o&rblide, oyanamide, and
orude oeloi a oyanemide, partl.y for tzr a in Yugoslavia and partly for
EEport to t)I Rear Esit wad South Amerioe, via Trioste. Rleotrio
pawn. I o supplied by the "Tito" brdroelrotrio plant in 1Cutuni.
Thu Ruse end Dalmaoi je faotoriea produ..d 64,n?o tons of oaloiwa
oarbide in 1940. P oduotinn is sup~oeed to be raised 100 peroent by
1061.
The Morima ohemioal f ao Cory in grus rrao, rAthar small faotory,
produees only blue vtb'iol and sulphurio soil,
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The Blektroborna entarpriso in Jajoe, tounded with
Aurtri~ot
oapital, obtains its sleotrio pow t'aa~ ti. rrell?~oa
oRn Ja~o?
water1'a-11d. It waa produoing Perro?rl 11oon r-ea Lol'o
re bha .'ar,
and production of this item is being o~r,tinued at
prerenl. Thy
produotilun ui ourrurJva euLliitu~te it planned Within
the 1ip.Tear
V'1an, anal the Iu,ourrary aquiptaent liar alre bee
~ a installed Ui?
r.J,w lr i.rue or radium hydroxide and hydroohlorio sold
171e larg? Lorka ohea foal Ceotory- wu evaouated from 8ubotioa,
ILuar the 'iungariwL t-order, to &*o, in the interior of the oauntry,
uk,oa tho date Ui' the Y i ualar 51W high oomn&r d in
1933 and 1934?
Only a a,aaii part oi' the faotory remained in 9ubot
loa, and this part
it still in operation. lorka is considered the
largest ohem.ioal
rootory in the balksns and is situated east of
8abao? ooTering a
wide area, with its owu railroad ridings and to
ailing ramps, th
4orkx raotory obtains eulrhur pyriter.?..its moot
important rear
Iiuturial??fom Ma, jdanpej j l 0 it roduoed 14,000 taro of rul-
phurio acid end the. same amount or blue vitriol. T}-rr? two products
aro exorted roughoub the Balkans and to Tut
lcey-? Other products
'we' rui;erphorphaW. oyanamide, sodium sulphide, al%aal,
Tna alp,,
barium sulphate, barim oarbot~-te, oarbon disulphide, aad reteral
typar of plant eprsy~? The plant empl about
~ S, 000 workerr and is
guarded by the l NOJ? The two largest departm.tjtr of
the plant are
equipped for the produotiom of hydroohlorio aoid
and sulphuric avid.
The largest coda r'aotory in the Balkans a 8e
/glen Poundatioa
of the olvay group, it loost is Z*iksy
near Turia, Bosnia. Thi
rscCory pr~Uuoed 1G.000 tons of oaurtlo soda end 1$r000 font of
fm~Ju)niac aoda in 194o, The plant wad not daama
ged during the sr, and
it now praduoer all kinds of aoda, soda
1ysr )gnlroohlorio aoid,
plaubar rotltrr etc. Tllore are 2,000 workers employed in the raatory.
Like all other ohemioal raotorier, the one in &y. it guarded by
the Xi oJ? A greab part of the produotlon is destined for axporj tq
the dallowns, 8eoaus~, of the lraporbanae at r
ai ~Iroad oonneotlonr for
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the Lu *ys and Zorka (8abao) oheati oal onnbigep, priority' Kea given
to the oonetruotion of the ?valamiasn1oa??9anja KoTil,aoe.Salae
railroad Brie a thanko t, tho aid los uonatrt.totiuz~ liven by thn
to r, the aer.lis'eiMl lirw ha Loin rlnyooet c*pldtod. Also, ooz,struetion
has be.in started on the ?u11n?fjO1irw.?~k)eut liner to aid in supplying
rsw rnetartela rjtd fuels fur Ls J)1 3*ta.
A t'airly large ot-omioal tantory is looated in Celje0 with a
plant is Rrastnik. Tho oeljc ttwtory is nupI)lied by the Oal je tiuo
works end produpee 1ou4 oxide, red lead, zinc suite, lead white,
lithupone, naphtrtl'+,, bur1;a.n sulphide, barium &1l,riJe, water blase,
and rooently radio..r& live bnri.u, and hyJrr, hlorLo aoid, Yraatnik has
L 1+a own rotary furnaoen and :'1?~xluoe~s e1,i;)hU1'ic aoid and suporphoephate.
Loth faotori~s bbtL t f trot r c.ldotrio power nupply trom the Fala Drava
power station, via the Tueft'.w transi'ornor near Oo1je.
The oaly phAtnr"aphio ohc shoal faotnrY is tho Fotokecai ja in
Zagreb, which ;)r(E!uv a nh-)to f?flt,hio ''aper and blueprint per of poor
q>>nlity.
?~*eeeeeee
kisoellaneoug Industries
Yugoslavia's ;;lase induata7 is fairly well oquippedr since thr
most important roar rnaterl ale for It, quarts and soda, are available
in tho oountry in adequato quantitiee, The large plate glass raatory
in Panoevo exports plate ?lasa to torte Balkans anus to the Near 8arte
In addition there are ~laaa factories in k'araoin, 1irastntk, Ro aikl,
8htinar and othere,
The gaturnue faotojj in L3ubliJana produoel metal boxes and
faoay l'UOde made of & uet t1Gt0l, It Nui'fore from lack of machinery.
The Aobok iror foundry in Zrenjanin (formerly Deokerek) was
ohanged into a mao'iine factory during the war and now ~roduoee
a~rioulturwl nmohinery.
A ohrd.n faotory in ZikiT-da, rWrly founded by this Swipe, was
converted into an iron foundry.
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Toro ar? small iron Mnd aetal tMusbria in all larger Yw oslty
towns, doing aainly repair work on agrioultura% aaohtn?ry tad auto.
ono bi leo.
Also WU$'b % wntioat i is h aoriot ahist r? ttek ry (bray
Arko) in Zagr?b, w *ioh uses w nmethod for t K. produo~ion of onaael,
and another ohinaware faotory in C?1J (formerly vetten).
Th? yu6odenb ttotory vu founded in Eovi Bed for the production
of a?dioal inabrusrnts, mainly dental inatruaioatap however, only
staple inatrumertits aro being manufaotwred.
!r r f area gad /totals
Yugoslav exports of ores and motals to the eastern stator in 1941.
of the materials destined for export, the following peroentagoe
were exported bo the U5 R and the Eastern 8ttt?si
Crude ooppsr
78 $
Eleotrolytio oopper
77.7 %
Crud? Lino
97.5 S
Lead
80.6 5
Antimoz-
62.1 5
Moroury
72%
Lead oonosnirat
86.1 5
Zino oonoontrats
67.1 5
Pyrite oonoentratie
94.1%
Pyriio
96.15
Iron ors
100 5
rerroohrona
88.1 5
In Deo~absr 1648 aM January 1949, after the Coainfora oonfliot,
Tugosltvia exported to the D$A electrolytic oopper, lino, antiaon,
aerouty, and ohrom~ ors, to t total talus of $, 767,000.
so*sesss*o
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/04 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100060027-6
Won~atsar
II~a i :t Large a neaits deposits ore looted in Yugorltrio. oolos~
.Nr
the lorgeat plant, is boated in the kiXrt provtnoe (routs.
west Serbia), and Is alro.4y in operati of . Others are in
Poinja and neor Vuoitrn. Due to the laok of aoohinery,
experts, and expert.noe, hgoslavia is not yet oapabls of
produoin; sintered magnorite. It is therefore imported from
Oseohoolovskia and Austria, sand raw cuagnosite and oaloineed
rnagnesite are ax~aorted in exwhange. Tho annual produotiow
of raycn*:ierite amounted to 83,000 bans in 1989 and it supposed
to be inoreasod four-told.
Asbestos There are asbestos doposits near Milo..vo, Serbia, and near
etrovo.?selo whioh had led to the founding of thi Tugo?
asbert 4onpsny before the wor. Yugoslav asbestos has short
fibre and hss only fsw possible user. Its main use is for
insulating matorial. Yugoslavia imports htgh?grsde asbestos
from the USU.
Fired Deposits of fireolay ors boat.d near Arend jelov'ao? A
ohsaatte I'aotory is under oonstruotion therm. A tao~o:y in
lllsdenoyae produoer ohsmotts brioks dad linings for iron snd
steel smsltin~ turnaoes. Aooording to the yive.xear Plan,
Yugoslav iron dad steel plant. are to bs supplied with olq
and oha*otts from Arsnd felon *.
Uslli A poroelsin faotory0 whioh will produoe mainly insuLators,
is under oonstruotion in Prijedor. Kaolin deposits in its
vioinitpr ars equal in quoltigr to Ossoh kaolin.
Ba rits larite is found in several plaosr in Yugoslavia, mainly in
losaia snd in Croatia, in the vioinil' of Topusko. L?rodue.
tioa oovers domertio needy wid barite is also exported to
teary wnd wM ztis.
.22.
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 Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/04 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100060027-6
Yueoelav o m nt pro~luoti on amourtc?d to 3!10,000 tone in 1939, snd
ainoe than it hu done up to 1,OOO,OAO bone. This i1 due mainly to
the An}+ovo oament P&otory nnar (orloa, whioh oaa~e into Yu oslav
~)naneeetn atter 1946? ath.r tart'. amount taotor!es are looat?d in
b ooio in 8reaa, Trhovl je, and I'odsueod in Croatia, d there are also
several raatories fn D'1 .tia. Pulft llma~ut of the 1848 produotio~a
plan w*s ehorb SO pere?nt, einoe exports alowed dorm, and production
had to be ourbed beoauae the etoro t'aollitics Toro full. Therefore,
the Dalmatian omnent t.otorl?s near Sr' tn, whtoh beoauec of their
loootl one on the sea coast produce me-i my fc r exnort1 exported only
26o,ooo tons instead of the planned 600,000 bone, Exports are in.
tlu?noed by the small amount of ship ping tonne!{s avtilabl? and the
poor werkets in th? Near gait and south M?riea (Argentina and arasil),
whioh oon absorb only small amounts of oe~Mnt.
Cement exports amounted to 164,91E tons in 1989,
..eases+e?
Coal
Total production or all kinds of ooal in Jugoslavia amounted to
8,088,000 tons in 1939. This ^aount is to be raised to 18 million
tons within the Ftv.-Year Plan.
Blaok oos-1 is mined in the following amiss
In Rasa, Istria (formerly Italy), whioh at present oounts as
the largest Yugoslav mine and ainoe 1946 eoploys about 7,009 workers.
Several ainesin the Tiaot region of Serbia, the best-Iaamn of
whioh is Bogovina, and the Ibar.$uin aims, whioh have just been
opened up?
k?ow* ooal e
? 003 l: Musa is tine rboviy vine in Slovenia, in the
Zagor je, lrastnik, Lasko, Reiohanburg and tooev je pits. In Central
Boonia there are the Tito nines in Banovioii also the Kakanj and
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/04 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100060027-6
Itreu pits, ae wall as Che Nuatur pits in Ira -Iersegovina. Otters
inolude the darn and aavnu Reka *tnoc in the $enj Basin, 8erbial in
the Alekrainso dastn tho h~sava, Ictan j, Aleksiaao, and ?reeibaba.
L'odvis wiaes~ *ZMI t}kp dalkan sad Jelasioa mtnes near 11e.
14;uito to ,uread in tho Area mines in Sosnis, in testolac near
81*ederevo,Serbia, in tiie ~rriul(iron) mire, in the Kolubsra region,
aruund dusovo, *d in alovenia and Crui&tis in the Ya1enJi1 Son jsoint,
L.labJ?, l-,lubovro, and t'eklenioa ruins.
Yugoslavia has enou h 1ipni tM and brawn ooal to sstist' her
did, ui' railroad and house fuAl, oluwevsr, her tnduetry depends on
the irepurt of blaok ooal, ook., and anthraoite, whioh until now hsa
imported fruit Cseohoslov&kia, Poland (Silesia), and the USSR. Iugo??
alavia also received ooal frog lkulgsria (Pernik) and Hungary (MohsM)
as repsraiion deliveries.
It has already become doubtful whether the high ooal output planed
wlt-iia tube i'ive?Ie$Z Flan can be a~tsinad, beoauae of Yugoelevia's
oataetrophlo inok of regular miners. Yugoslavia at praserit lsoke about
30 p~roent of the roquirod number of ain workers.
Cosl i*ports amounted to 396,696 tuns in 19860
see*ee*e*.
Y oslavia's oil Production
Y1 oslav oil deposits were diaoovered ong tine ago, end th
first drillings took plaoe on the Mur island near Selnioa and P.kleniea
at the end of the last o entury. fc*rever, Iugos lsvia's annual pro?
duotion amounted to only 1,000 'oDs in 1939.
Rational exploitation was started by tale aernans, who built modern
installations after their euooeeetul experlasatel drillinge in Do
Lends and Qoj1a during the war. Anna/ produotion rose during tha
Qerma* oooupation to 160,900 toms in 1944.
At preaent the Iugoslav government sttaohn great iaportanoe to-
oil exploitation. They are atr1ving to inoreaae exploitation of o11
- 2k w
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/04 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100060027-6
from prsseras deposits and new c crimaatal driliing$ are being a4
Qur,a Lau-tly. The Uo1nja Loadam- oorabts del t vary 50 rai Irosd oars
tinily. Gojla osar Kutin*. L,?aatia. delivers 10. and the nsx oil xolls
near osti, Kris, uotllkavo, atui Lois t. too Cher another 10 rai lrosi
oars dsi ly. Yu os1a-ria's aruuu-1 uil pr*duotio:t **OUfts to abou~
190.000 boas at proaarzt. (rest di Cioultiss are eroountcrod in turther
inoreasiu6 YW+;oalavia'$ oil?4rJ1t11 oporutinh. I x ? uQ rwro dr.Uin~
equ, pt rsut WMr ba1fV auppliud by t!;n eastern status since 1)10 Cominfots
ouufliut. Torerors, it is duubtful whcther the annual produotioa of
460,000 tons tur 1961, as plw-ued in the Fivo.Year lsn, 0111 be
rwohed? Nrnduotioo of drilliu, c uipaant daaodtiually (in 63.xronaki
8tod) hoa not boon very uatis t'cotory to data,
Yugoslavia iaported 14 ,100 tons of iaphtha and 1M,691 tons of
petrole% in 19 9. The dirroronoe botwson Yugusluvia'$ own produotion
and hur LIOOds was riot by imports frost the US -R1 aumia, aM Albania,
until the Coaini'orm oontliot J now nt;land dsllYers it fro* the Naar
bast.
9efineries are looated in Caprag-$i3ak, Smoderavo. Rijskst
(roraer1y acuaA), and wai?ibor.
Iuituminuus late aeposite aru located noar i'r1 jak, in the
Ti oinity of AUksinao, SsrL~ia (oxporimozital roduotiou or oil),
also n?er t ikovao. S+n'ta, a1Uin Montenegro.
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