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1. MILITARY POLITICAL PUBLICATION 2. MILITARY PUBLICATION ON ATOMIC WARFARE

Document Type: 
CREST [1]
Collection: 
General CIA Records [2]
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
S
Document Page Count: 
392
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
March 2, 2010
Sequence Number: 
1
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
November 22, 1957
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7.pdf [3]14.21 MB
Body: 
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 y 1VECT ACQ. Vzryva,, p DJ islied in.Moscow in 1956. NO. PAGES REQUIREMENT .NO. SOURCE EVALUATIONS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE. Izluc,"j...iya Pri Atomniya Vzriv), printe in Sofia in 1957. This is a tra._..slation of the Soviet. publication Y rrnWe Iziucheniya Atomnogo 22 November 1957 RD COPY PROCESSING 25X1 UUSSR/Bulgaria REPORT 1. Military Political Publication 2. Military Publication on Atomic Warfare Soviet , publications,' e t a ono Lary Cadres (.Sorbets Na Komunisticata Partiya Za Suzdavane T'a Voenni K'adri), printed in Sofia in 1957. This is a tra.rslation of the Soviet publication Borba Kt ,wwunisti Part ii Za Sozdani VoennykhKadrov,, published in Moscow in 1956. 3u.lgaria*1.1angu .ge publications, which are conies .- ovlev and D. A. ~ Voropayevg Struggle of the Communist Pa. ;,,, for the Cr i f Mi1i b. A.- 'rlov, nuclear Radiation from Atomic Zx losions (Yadrenite _+'CT' . / ., / Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 B O P B A T A e ;a :! Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 IIOJIKOBHHK A. M. 1 10 B II E B xaHAHAaT Ha HcTopngzecIHTe HayxH IIOU1OJIKOBHIIK JI,. A. BOPOIIAEB KaHAHAaT Ha HcTOpMVecKHTe mayxH Att 10 CSLT-3676821 BOPBATA HA KOMYHI1CTW-IECKATA FIAPTI45 . 3A C"b3j1ABAHE HA BOEHHI'I KALtPH (1918-1941 r.) 1957 A'br KABHO BOEIIIIO 143AATrACTDO RPM MHO STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 II~n e~, I,:1117 i',c it n A. M. MOBneB, )J. A. Boporiaen BOPbSA KOMMYH1 CTHLIECKO I IIAPTI11I 3A CO3.T AHHE BOEHHbIX KAAPOB (191$-1941 r.) BoeHHoe B3/axenbcrBO MHHHCxepcTBa o6opoHbi COIO3a CCP MocKBa - 1956 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Heo6xoA14MOCTTa Aa ce 3awnwaBa coijHaJlnCrIlgec- }OTO OTeLIeCTBO OT HanaAeHHBTa Ha B"bIIIHHIITC BparOne npox3n43a OT camaTa CbLAHOCT Ha JIewrnCHOTO yqe- HHe 3a no6eAaTa Ha colwaJl1,13Ma B CAHa cTpana. Owe npe3 1916 roA., B nepHoAa Ha II-bpBaTa cHeTOBHa BoKHa, B. 14. JIeHIH nnca B cTaTraTa cn ,BoeHHaTa nporpama Ha npOJleTapcxaTa peBoJnK)Lwsl", lie no6eAn- JHiSIT B eAHa CTpaHa COIZnaJIH3-bM CbBceM He 143KJIIOT-IBa H3BeUH-b)K BCILIxn BCI3Hn; Ho6eAaTa Ha CoIjnaJl143Ma B eAHa CTpaHa Hen36e>HHO we npepn3BHKa OTKpiT CTpeMe>K y 6yp>IOa3n3iTa B ApyrMTe CTpaHH Aa pa3- rpoMH no6eAOHOCHIisI npoJleTapnaT Ha coLjIiaJIHCTH- LIecKaTa A'bp>KaBa. 3aTOBa owe npejH IIo6eAaTa Ha BeJIHKaTa 0KTOMBpfI3cHa co4IIaJIHCTHnecKa peBonlO- ijnH B. 14. JIeHHH MT-bKBaIIIe Heo6xowwMOCTTa Aa ce C'b3AaAaT B-bOp'b>KeHU CHJIH Ha npoJleTapCKaTa peBO- JIIOIZH$I 3a 3awHTa Ha HapOAHaTa BJIaCT. >KHBOT-bT, npaKTHKaTa IIOTB-bpAHxa H3UHJIO TC3H K31mBaHMH Ha B. H. JIeHHH. BeJIHKaTa OKTOMBpBI1CKa COIiHaJrI:CTHq-IecKa peBO- JIK)IAHH Cb6Opn BJIaCTTa Ha noMem RIAMTe n KaIInTa- JIHCTHTe B PYCHSI H nOCTaBH HOA 3anJIaxa CT lueCTBy- BaHeTO Ha KannTaJl143Ma B IZCJIHSI CBHT. KaTO pa3- K-bca BepnraTa Ha eAHHHHSI HMnepnaAHCTnlIecKn (bpOHT, 3aeAHO C TOBa TH Cb3AaAe B JIHLjeTO Ha Cb- BeTcHaTa peny6JInHa Morbwa 6a3a 3a no-HaTaT'bILIHOTO paarpl1waHe Ha npOJIeTapcxaTa peBOJMOL(LIH B Apy'rHTe CTpaHH. TOBa npeAn3BHKa OTKp1Ta OAIpa3a y HMHe- pIiaJIHCTHTe OT BCHXIKH CTpaHa K'bM CTbBeTCKa Pyci i STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 H CTpeme3K ga 3agyIIIaT CBBeTCxaTa BJIaCT B HamaTa cTpaxa. Bel;Hara caeA no6e,aza Ha BeimxaTa OxTOMBpHt- cxa col HaJIHCTHtlecxa peBOJIK)IgHSI HMnepxa,uicr 3Te B CAII(, AHrlIHx, cpaHi;HH, FepmaHxH H SInoHHH H B7,TpeIIIHaTa xoHTpapeBOJIIOIjHSI 3anotixaxa Boenna i'IHTepBeHI1H5I H rpam axcxa BORHa npoTHB mnagaTa c'bBeTcxa peny6JiHxa. IIpeA KOMyHHCTHUecxaTa nap- TH$I, HOSITO cne,r OxTOMBpH cxaTa coiiHajIHCTHtiecxa peBo.rrio HH cTana ynpaBJrnallra napTHH B HamaTa cTpaxa, B b3HHxna H3B'bHpeAHO TpyAHaTa 3aJatia - Aa opraHH3Hpa OT6paHaTa Ha CbBeTcxaTa cTpaxa, Aa BAHrHe i;e.IHSI HapoA 3a 3aII;HTa Ha COI(HaJIHCTH4eC- HOTO OTexieCTBO. CTapaTa apMHSi KaTO op-LAHe 3a yxperIBaxe H 3a- I4HTa Ha 6yp>KOa3HO-nOMemLIHtieCxaTa BJIaCT He MO- >Keme Aa (5ire n3nOJ13yBaHa 3a 3an;HTa Ha 3aBOeBa- HnSITa Ha OKTOMBpid cxaTa coijHanHCTHtIecKa peBo- JIiOIIHx H 3aTOBa 6eme pa3pymexa. He MO>Kexa Aa ce cnpaBSIT C-bC 3alZatiara Aa 3aI4HI gaBaT c1 BeTcKaTa poAHHa OT MHoro6poI3HHTe II BparoBe H OTpeAHTe Ha LlepBeHaTa rBapAHSI, KOHTO 63ixa H3HbJIHHJIH yc- nemxo pOJISITa CH Ha BTLogb)-KeHa cHJIa Ha npoJieTa- pHaTa, KoraTO TOR 3aBOiOBame noJIHTHtiecxaza BJIacT. Hopa,ri TOBa H31-I'bxxa c i;HJiaTa CH OCTpOTa KaTO eAHH OT HaII-Ba>KHHTe H HeOTJIO>KHH BLH OCH Ha no- JIHTHxaTa Ha napTHSITa no 3annHTaTa Ha coijHaJIHCTH- LiecxoTO OTetIeCTBO BbnpoCbT 3a CT,3AaBaxe Ha Mon(Ha CbBpeMeHHa apMHSI OT HOB Tim, aPMH5 Ha AHKTaTy- paTa Am npOJIeTapHaTa, CHOCO6Ha Aa oxaxte OTHOp iia LIy>KgeCTpaHHHTe HHTepBeHTH H Ha B'bTpemHaTa KOHTpapeBOJIx)I;HSI. ,HOBaTa o6u eCTBeHa Kiiaca - IIHca B H. JIeHriH, - KaTO Ce 60pH 3a rocnOACTBO, HHKora He e morna H cera He Mo>Ke Aa AOCTHPHe TOBa roCHOACTBO H Aa rO 3aKpenH ApyroSItIe.. . OCBeH KaTO CL3AaBa nOCTeneHHO B TC}HH Ta rpa>xAaHcKa BotHa Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 nova apMH1, HoBa AHc1HnnRHa, Hona. Boexxa opra- HH3aL HSI Ha HonaTa xnaca."i KoMyul3CTHLiecxaTa nap- THSI Hagleno C BenHKHSi B. H. JIeHHH pa3r-bpHa orpoM- i-ia pa6OTa 3a 143rpa>iAaue Ha apMHSrTa Ha CbBCTCKaTa A1pwaBa. Tx 13Wb3rnaBH 6op6aTa Ha pa60THHtiecicaTa xnaca H TpyAOBOTO censiLIeCTBO npOTHB MHOro6porl- HHTe BparoBe Ha peny6niKaTa Ha C ,BeTHTe. IIpH Cb3AaBaHeTO Ha apMHHTa OT HOB TIM, apMH5Ta Ha OCB060AeHHTe pa60THHIIH H CensIHH, Tpx6Baule npeAH BCHLIKO Aa ce Cb3AaAaT HOBH KOMaHAHH KaApH OT pa6oTHHIjH H censIHH, npeAaHH Aoxpai3 Ha AenOTO Ha KOMyHHCTHLiecKaTa napTHSI H Ha C-bBeTcxaTa BnaCT. HaiuaTa napTHSi e conuna HeBeAHbxt, tie p'bKOBOA- HHTe m HoMaHAHH KaApH ca HaI3-Ba>KHaTa CHna Ha napTHSiTa H Ha C-bBeTCKaTa Abp>KaBa, Lie Te uAe HrpaHT Hau-BaRCHaTa p0nsi B nOCTpoSIBaneTO Ha cowianHC- THLIeCKOTO o61geCTBO, B yxperBaHeTO Ha oT6paHHTen- HaTa cnoco6HOCT Ha CTpaHaTa, B Cb3AaBaHeTO Ha B-bO- p'b>xeHHTe CHnH. B AoxnaJa CH 3a TpHAeceTroAHUlHHHaTa Ha CTb- BeTCKHTe Bbopb)xeHH CHnH H. A. BynraHKH Ka3a, Lie 3a Aa Ce Cb3Aaje apMHSI, cnoco6Ha Aa BOAH BoI3Ha C npeB'b3X0Hc auUH cHnH Ha npOTHBHHKa, 6el le Heo6- xOAHMO, n'bpBO, Aa ce noArOTBSIT CBOH, C-bBeTCHH xoMaH,I;HH xa,IZpI, BnaAeeu(H OCHOBHTe Ha BoeHHOTO AenO H cnoc06HH Aa p'bxoBoAsiT Boi3C}HTe, H BTOpO, Aa ce B'b3nHTa apMHSITa B AYX Ha CbBeTcxa Boexxa AHCIuHnnHHa H Ha npeAanocT K-bM HOBHSI ATbp>KaBeH CTpokl. Oco6enocTTa Ha apmHSiza ce CbCTOH B TOBa, tie xoMaHAHHTe xaApH HMaT peulaBaujaTa p0JlsI B LjenHSi >KHBOT H AeIIHOCT Ha Bor3CxMTe. Be3 Aa ce yKpeHSIT KaApHTe Ha HagianCTByBannHSI C'bCTaB, 6e3 Aa ce pemH Ta3H rnaBHa 3aAaua, He owe H Aa Ce MHCnH 3a no- STAT STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 BHnlaBaxe 6ol HaTa M019 Ha apMHSITa. KOJIxOTO H go6pe ga e BT,ogb)xena apMHATa ci,c cbBpeMeBHo op'b)ICHe, 6e3 go6pe nojjrOTBeH H cHrypeH xoMaHAeH C'bCTaB T51 He u e MO)Ke ga peuIaBa nocTaBeHHTe Ii 3a- gauH. KagpHTe Ha xoMaHRHHSI cbcTaB, y'iK napTHgTa, TOBa e cKeneTbT Ha apMHRTa, ToBa e ocxoBaTa, KOATO cnogBa apMH3ITa m C'b3gaBa B HeA HCeJIA3Ha gHCuH- nxna, peg H opraHH3HpaHOCT, 6e3 IcaI(BHT0 apMHATa He Mowe ga no6e)KgaBa. Be3 xoMaxgxpH HAMa apMHA. KaTO H3y*IaBa BcecTpanxo apMHATa, (P. EHreJIc CTHra 90 H3Boga, me Hat-rnaBHaTa uacT Ha apMHSITa, He3HHHT OCHOBeH CKeneT, e od)mgepCKHAT CbCTaB. 3a ga ce C-,3gage apMHA OT B-bop'b)ICeHH xopa, nHlue EHrenc, e HyHCHa 39paBa opraHH3aIHA, KOATO ,,... ce oJIHgeTBopBBa OT o4 Huepnze H yHTepo44HuepIITe OT peXOBHaTa apMHA H npecTasa ga CbUXeCTBYBa C TAX- HOTO 3ary6Bane"l. COLICtKH orpOMHaTa, peulaBau aTa pOnA Ha xo- MaHgHHTe KagpH B apMHATa H3O6LXO, KOMyHHcTHtIec- KaTa napTHA HeBegH-b)K e H3T'LxBaJla oco6eHo rOJIA- MaTa pOnA Ha HOBHA HatIaJICTByBauu cbcTaB B yKpen- BaHeTO Ha MnagaTa C'bBeTCKa apMH$1 H BoeHHo-MOp- CKHA ()nOT. napTHATa IXeHenie H3B'bHpeWHO MHCTO KOM#HgHHTe KagpH OT pa6oTHHUH H censHH. TA yxieiu,e, L.Te caMO C06CTBeHHTe npOneTapCKH KOMaHgHH KagpH, osnageJIH BoeuHOTO geno, u;e MoraT ga OcH- rypAT BHCOKa 6oeCH0006HOCT Ha apMHATa. Pa3rp1- nXaHKH pa60TaTa no Cb3gaBaneTO Ha HoMaHgHH xagpH OT pa60THHIAH H CefAHH, KOMyHHCTHLiecHaTa napTHA H3X0)Kgaule OT MapKCHCTKO-neHHHCKOTO noJIoHCe- HHe, tie KOMaHWHHAT C bCTaB e HOCHTen Ha KJIaCOBHA H BOeHHHA AYX Ha apMHATa; nopagn TOBa 6OecnoCO6- 1 (D. EHrenc, 1436paHH BOeHHH npOH3BegeHHA, .]b p- )KaBHO BOeHHO H3? aTenCTBO, 1956 r., CTP. 440. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 HoCTTa Ha apMHHTa, nFegaHOCTTa H I< bM HOBHSI o - II CTBeH H ATbpxRgaHeTO Ha HaIHHTe B-bOpb3KeHH cnJIH. Hpe3 HoeMBpH 1919 rog. no yKa3aHHe Ha I K Ha PKII (6) B Herporpag 6e opraHH3HpaH YtIHTeJICKH HHCTHTyT Ha Ilerporpagcxjx BoeHeH oxp-br 3a nog- rOTOBKaTa Ha HOJIHTHKO-npOCBeTHH pa6oTHHIIH, RH- CTpyRTOpH-OpraHH3aTOpH, arHTaTOpH H 6H6JIHOTe- KapH 3a CTiBeTCxaTa apMHx. T03H HHCTHTyT 6e peop- raHH3HpaH HO-K'bCHO B'bB BoeHHo-nOJIHTHgecxa axa- JjeMHs. OCBeH TOBa BHCIII H CTapIHH KOMaHgeH CT,cTaB H BOeHHH Cne1IiaJIHCTH ce HogroTBgxa H B ApTHJIepH-3- CKaTa, IHHnKeHepHaTa, MegHIjHHCKaTa H BOeHHO- CTOnaHcxaTa axageMHs, KaKTO H B'bB BHCIIIHTe mxojm: apTHJIepHI3CKa, eJIeKTpOTeXHHgecxa, aHTO- MO6HJIEO-6poHeBa H xaBaJIepHAcxa, OTKpHTH npe3 1918 rog. Ha 18 cenTeMBpH 1918 rog. KomaHAHHTe KypCOBe gagoxa Ha CrneTCKara apMHx 1T,pBHH CH MaCOB BH- nyCK. T03H 4)aHT HMaIIIe orpoMHo nOJIHTHgeCKO 3Ha- neHHe. B IIpHBeTCTBHeTO CH K'bM BHnyCKa B. H. JIe- HHH rIHIIie: ,1103gpaBgBam 400-Te gpyrapH pa6oT- HHI;H, KOHTO gnec 3aB'bpHIBaT KypCOBeTe 3a xoMaHgeH CbCTaB Ha xIepBeHaTa apMHx H BCT%nBaT B HeIHHTe pegoBe xaTO pTb1OB09HTeJIH.. . A3 C-bM ysepeH, qe npHMep'bT Ha geTHpHCTOTHHTe ige ce nocnegBa ou e or XHJIHAH H XHJIggH pa60THH4H, a c TaxHBa agMH- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 HHCrpaTOpH H KOMaHAHpH no6eAaTa Ha IOMyHIf3Ma u;e 6awe ocxrypexa."1 B pe3ymraT Ha ronemme yclJIHx Ha xoMyHHCTH- ilecxaTa napzxx OT roAHHa Ha roAKKa. CbBeTCxaTa apMHR noJryuasalue Bce nOBe'te nponeTapciH xOMaH- AxpH. Ollie npes 1,918 roA. B KypcoBeTe 6xxa no-- roTBeHH 1700 KoMaH.I xpH; npes 1919 roA. xypconeTe H yyxnxtuara aaBbpmxxa 11 500, npe3 1920 roA. - 26 000 H npe3 1921 roA. - 10 000 Ay11iK.2 Oc- BeH TOBa mono 25 000 xoMaHAHpH 3aBIbpmnxa pa3- J1HiIHHTe xypcose 3a xoMaHACH C'bcTaB, KOHTO ce' HaMHpaxa H09 BeAOMCTBOTO Ha- 43poHTOBeTe m i;et- CTByB I1WTe apMHH. HO TaK'bB HagHH npe3 nepxoAa 1918-1921 roA. 6Rxa noAroTBeHH o61uo oxono 80 xH- J1B H KOMaHAHpH 3a C'bBeTCKaTa apMHH. ?KOMyHncTHLtecxaTa napTHx B'b3mrraBauIe c o6Hy HOBHTe KOMaHAHPH Ha HaluaTa apMHH H nonarame Ha#-roneMH rpHxwH 3a TRX. Bo)KA',T Ha 1IapTHStTa B-. H.. JleHHH yecTo nocen[aBanle KOMaH,i},HpCKHTC xypcose, KOHTO ce noMeluaBaxa B KpeMlJ1, H roBO- pelue npeA KypcaHTxxe. Tog oTAengute romaMo BHHMaHHe 3a MocxoBdKaTa aBHaxHOHHa InI$ona. B Itpal Ha 1918 r. B. H. JIemm Rage yxa3aiiHe Aa ce OT I3 CHe Ha ulxonaTa neTeH nopIHOH, cite Aeme 3a non'bnsaxe Ha I1IKOJIKTe C KOMyHHCTH, pa3- nopeAH Aa ce H3Aasa aBnauIoxxa JIHTepaTypa H T. If. IIpe3 HoemnpH 1918 r. Toll noceTH ulxonara H ce 3anO3Ha noApo6HO C'C CbCTO5HHeTO k.- B. H. JlenmH cnejeme BHHMaTee31HO H noAro- TOBKaTa Ha BHCIUHR H CTapmHH KOMSHAeH C'bCraB 3a C'bBeTCKaTa apMH$I H rIpeyCTpOfICTBOTO Ha pa6oTaTa B'LB BOeHHHTe axaAeMHH. ' B. H. JI e H x H, Coy., T. 28, crp. 77 (6a ir. H3A._ cTp. 87). 2 BHC. K. B. B o p o yr H n o B, CTaTmH x pe m. IIapTHS- AaT 1W BKII (6), 1937 r., cTp. 228. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Y3Ha.I npe3 MapT 1918 r. 3a OnHTHTe Ha npOTe- > eTaTa Ha Trpol(KH ga JIHKBHgHpaT HHKOJIaeBcHaTa BOeHHa aKa.r eMHSI, JIeHHH H3npaTH go rJIaBHHH 1 o- MHCap Ha BCHLIKH BOeHIBH yLIe6HH 3aBegeHHH npeRnH- CaHHe, B KOeTO ce Ka3BarIe: , IpeABHA Ha TOBa, LIe JIHKBHgHpaHeTO Ha BOeHHaTa axageMHH HJIH npe- o6pa3yBaHeTO I BbB BHCIIIe yLIe6HO 3aBegeHHe OT rpax(AaHC}H THn CbBCeM He OTTOBap$IT HHTO Ha HaMepeljhaTa Ha npaBHTeJICTBOTO, HHTO Ha Hy)iH4HTe Ha BpeMeTO, IIpeAnara BH ce He3a6aBHO g a cnpeTe pa3nopexKe Aa ce peuIi3 camo npH Bennxonenxo ymeirne Aa ce opraHn3Hpa, npn CTpora H Cb3HaTeJIHa AHCijHn- JIHHa, npn AoBepHe Ha IIIHpo}HTe macH HTbM p bKOBOA- Hn51 CJIOI%I pa60THHTIeCKH KOMHCapn. Tam H3BVH- peAHO TpyAHa 3a jatia 6oniueBHHHTe peiuHXa : H3- meHn Ha 6HBIIH o4 iii;epn HMame TB'bpAe MHOro H npn Bce TOBa ZlepBeHaTa apMHH e He caMO B HaUIIHTe pbije, HO ce n HayTH Aa no6e>xAaBa I apcxnTee reHe- panH H renepa3l14Te Ha AHrJIH51, (DpanuWH n Amepnxa."i IIpe3 anpnn 1918 ron. 6eiue B-bBeAeH HHCTHTyT-bT Ha BoeHHHTe xoMncapH. IIpeACTaBHTenHTe Ha nap- TH51Ta H Ha pa6oTHnTIecxaTa Knaca B apMPIHTa - 6on- uIeBHIIIKHTe KoMHCapH, - CneABa%HH yxa3aHH$ITa Ha B. H. JIeHHH, ce yTlexa ynopHTO Ha BOeHHO Aeno OT cTapnTe cneljnanncTH, xoHTponHpaxa TSIxiiaTa pa6oTa n 6e311ouxagHo npecHTlaxa BpeAHTeJ1cxHTe Ae13CTBH51 Ha npeAaTennTe, xaTo noAA'bp>Kaxa pe11IH- TenHo aBTOpHTeTa Ha KOMaHAHpHTe, KOHTO 65ixa AoHa3ann npeAaHOCTTa cm I bM CbBeTCKSTa BnaCT. OBnaAeJn3 BOeHHOTO Aeno, MHO3HHa BoeHHH KOMH- capH npeMHHaxa Cne, TOBa Ha KomaHAHa pa6oTa H CTaHaxa H3BeCTHH xoMaHABpn. KOMyHHCTwTiecHaTa napTHL IIIPOKO H3II0n3yBa BOCHHHTe CneUHaJIHCTH OT CTapaTa apMHSI. 3a ABe roAHHH, OT 2 lone 1918 roj. go 15 aBrYCT 1920 rog., B 1 B. M. JI e ii x H, Coq., T. 29, cTp. 512 (6 anr. H3,q. cTp. 553). Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 pe3ynTaT Ha Mo6HJIH3HpaHeTO Ha xoMaHJflrSI obcTaB B C1BeTCKaTa apMHA 65ixa npxsnegeiiil 48 409 ocpH- IjepH OT crapaTa apMHA. OKOJio 30 XHnA)jH OT THX 63ixa H3npaTeHH B kCTByBaIIIaTa apmHA. O4)HIjepHTe OT cTapaTa apmHA o6age HHKora He ca 6HJIH peiuaBau aza cHJIa Ha HaumTe KoMaHAHH ?xaJjpH. ToBa ce BH)K,ija H OT o6CT03ITencTBOTO, Lie XTbM xpaA Ha rpawAaxcxaTa Bo bia KoMaHJ;HHAT cbcTaB Ha -C1 BeTCHaTa apMHA Ha6poHBalue 130 xH- nAJjH JjyimH. OCHOBHaTa maca Ha KOMaHIuiHA CT,CTaB, Ha) gBe TpeTH OT Hero, 63ixa xopa, H3JIe3Jn3 OT cpe- JjaTa Ha pa6OTHHgwre H ceJffiHETe, 3aBl piuxnM xypco- BeTe 3a LiepHeHH HomaHgHpH, KalTO H OT cpeAaTa Ha onHTHHTe peBOJuO1 HOHHH BOfiHHIjE H nogoc HLjepH OT cTapaTa apMHA, npeMHHaJIH 6ofuiaTa IIIKOna Ha IIT,pBaTa CBeTOBHa Bofiua. O4miuepHTe .OT CTapaTa apMHA CbCTaBJIABaXa OKOJIO egHa TpeTa, a B Jjefi- CTByBaLljaTa apMHA - He nosetie OT egHa LIeTB'bpT OT KOMaHJjHHA CT,CTaB Ha CTbBeTCKaTa apMHA. KaTO XapaKTepH3Hpa KOMaHJjHHH C'bCTaB Ha CbBeT- cxaTa apMHSI OT 1919 ron., B AoixHmH B eBpone ICHHTe cTpaHH, npoBeHc.r axa xypc Ha 6bp30 B7,3CTaHOBHBaHe CHJIHTe Ha repMaHCKHH HMnepHaJu ImM. 3a BOHHa cpenxy CCCP Te nOJjrOT- BHxa HoJflIa, PyM&HHH, 'HHJ1aHgus H gpyrH xa- nHTanHCTHtIeCKH g bpxcaBH, H3npaujaxa B HauiaTa cTpaxa 6enorBapJ;ei3CKHTe OTpeJ;H Ha caBHHHOBIXH H neTniopoBIAH, 6aHAHTe Ha Bynax-BanaxoBHti H 9p. Ha I.on4)epeHUHHTa B reHya B 1922 roJ;. HMnepna- nHCTHitIeCxHTe npaBHTenCTBa noHCxaxa OT cbBeT- cxaza peny6JiHxa ga Bbpxe Ha XIyH(J;HTe xan ITaJHHCTH 4)a6pHKHTe H 3aBOAHTe, HaiwHOHaJIH3HpaHH npe3 OKTOMBpHI CKaTa peBOJI1011HH, ga H3nnaTH BCHLIKH J; iTroBe Ha gapCKOTO npaBHTencTBO H ga OTMeHH MOHOnoJIa B?bpXY B'bHIIIHaTa TT,prOBHH. 11pe3 1923 rojj. ce nOHBH 3an iaxa OT HOBa HHTep- BeHIuHH. AHrJiHt4CKHTe HMnepnaJIHCTH ga,r oxa Ha CT,BeTCKOTO npaBHTenCTBO T'bi3 HapetleHHH yJITHMa- TyM Ha Kbp37,H, KOIITO npeACTaBJIHBaule OmiT 3a J;p-b3xa xmnepxaJIHCTHTiecxa azaxa cpeHwy CibBeT- CKHH CL103. B CneJ(BaIgHTe rOgHHH OnaCHOCTTa OT BOeHHa HHTepBeHgHH HapaCHa one nOBege. HMaihcH npeJ;BHg BTb3MOMKHOCTTa OT BOeHHO Hana- geHHe, KOMYHHCTHtieCKaTa napTHH H C?hBeTCKOTO npa- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 BHTeJIcTBO oTJjenHxa ronsIMO, Heozcna6Bawo BHH- MaHHe Ha B'LnpoCHTe 3a oT6paxaTa Ha cTpaxaTa, xaTO ce czapaexa ga xoM1I HCH aT LIHCneHOTO HaMaJIHBaHe Ha apMHSITa C yBeJIHLIaBaxe Ha nponeTapcxHH H 10- MyHHCTHtieCKHH eneMeHT B apMHHTa, C ycbB'bpmIIeH- CTByBaxe Ha Mopanxo-60fIHHTe k xa'lecTBa H c no- BfImaBaxe Ha 6oIiHaTa i roTOBHOCT. ?be3 ga ce jjo- BepSIBaMe Ha HaxeceHHTe Bege Ha HMnepiaJIH3Ma yJjapn - xa3Ba B. H. JIeHHH, - HHe Tp}16Ba Ha BCHKa IieHa ga 3ana3HM CBOSITa IIepBeHa apMHSI B n-br is (5oesa roToBBocT H ga 3aCHJIHM HCI1HaTa 6oeBa CHOCO6HOCT."1 OrpoMHHfiT OnHT, ripHJjo6HT OT CT,BeTCKaTa ap- MHSI, OT HCcIHHTe KOMaHJjHH KagpH, codeine JIeHHH, we HH rio orHe ga n0Jj06pHM Kat1eCTBOTO fi. HHe we ycneeM - Ka3Bame TCI3 - H npH HaManRBa- HeTO Ha apMHSITa ga 3ana3HM TaKOBa HeAHO 51Jjp0, KOeTO, 6e3 ga o6peMeHIIBa CTpaHaTa C HenOCHJIHa Te>xeCT, B CMHC-bn Ha H39pb)1Ka, we HH OCHrypH B'b3MO>KHOCTTa B Cnytiali Ha Hy>Kga OTHOBO g a BJjHr- HeM Ha -cpaxa ii ga Mo614nH314paMe owe no-ronaMa BOeHHa CHna. B npOC-bT 3a yKpenBaHeTO Ha CI,BeTCKaTa apVIHSi 6e nOCTaBeH B ijsinaTa my IIIHpOTa OT X KoHrpec Ha nap- THSITa, KOATO ce C-bCT031 npe3 MapT 1921 For. KoH- rpeC'bT HagepTa nbTHwaTa 3a nO-HaTaT-bIIIHOTO pa3- BHTHC: Ha C'bBeTCKHTe B bop'b>xeHH CHJH npH MHp- HOBpCMeHHOTO CTpOHTeJICTBO. B HOCTaHOBneHHeTO Ha X naPTHeH KOHrpec 6eme JjaJjeH OTIIOp Ha TpOg- KHCTKHTe HCKaHHfI, HaCOgeHH HEM JIHHBHgHpaHe Ha C'bBeTCKaTa apMHSi nog ripegnor ga ce npeMHHe He3a6aBHO K'bM MHJIHI1HOHHaTa CHCTeMa. OCHOBa Ha HamHTe B'bop'b>xeHH CHnH B H8r4-6nI3KHS1 ne- ' B. ICI. JI e H H H, Coq., T. 31, cTp. 458 (6b ir. B39. cTp. 503). Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 pHo), ce xa3Baule B nOCTaHOBJIexxeTO Ha xoHrpeca, TpB6Ba ga 6ibAe AHeniaaTa 4epBexa apMHR, HaMa- JIena 3a cMeTxa Ha no-cTapHTe Ha6opH, HO C yBeJIH- LIeH nponeTapci H HOMyHHCTHLICCKH CbcTaB. 3a ga ce 3aCHJn3 nponeTapCKHSIT H KOMyHHCrH4e- CRH$IT eJieMeHT B c'bCTaBa Ha apMH$ Ta H ga ce OcHrypH He tHOTO yCTOttLIHBO noJIHTHKo-MopaJIHO CT~cTOHuHe, xOHrpecbT nOHCKa : ga ce npexpaTH Han-bJIHO H3- TerJISiHeT:o OT apMHSiTa Ha pa6oTHHgHTe OT Ha6OpHTe, KOHTO He ce yBOJIHHBaXa M311 RJIO B 6e3cpoxieH OT- nycK; ga ce npeKpaTH H3TernIfiHeTO OT apMWIT$ Ha KOMyHHCTHTe, HaTO 6-bgaT npeperxcTpxpaHl H He HM ce pa3peiuana ga Hanyu;aT apMHxTa; ga 6-hAaT BSPHaTH B aPMHSITa xOMyHHCTHTe, KOHTO HMaT w e- HeH CT2BK- gaBaT OT H3n75JIHeHHeTO 3aJjaHH. C orrieg Ha orpomxaTa pond Ha HagancTByBauw5 CbCTaB B yxpenBaxeTO Ha 6oecnoco6HOCTTa Ha ap- MHSITa, X napTY.eH xoHrpec 06'bpHa BHHMaHne Ha napTn13HI4Te H C-bBETCKHTe (AT~pxcaBHHTe - 6. np.) opraHH B-bpxy HeO6xojjHmocTTa Jja ce nogo6pH BoeH- Ho-yge6HaTa pa6oTa m ja ce 3acHJIH HOJIHTHKO- npocBezxaTa pa60Ta cpejj HOMaHgHHH CbCTaB Ha C'bBeTcxaTa apMHSI H 4IJIOT. KoxrpeCbT npenopbiia Jja ce B3eMaT MepHH 3a 110-HaTaT-bIIIHO noJ o6pHBaHe Co1jHaJIHHH CbCTaB Ha HOMaHAHpHTe, ?3a no-nJiaHO- MepHO H CHCTeMHO H3nOJI3yBaHe Ha LlepBeHHTe KO- MaH.L HpH Ha KOM8HJZHH gJI'b>KHOCTH", 3a HO-IHnpOKO npeBe> < aHe Ha KOMHCapii c no-rOJISIM 6oeH OIIHT Ha KOMaHJjHH H CTORaHCKO-aAMHHHCTpaTIBHH 9Jrb>K- HOCTH. CJieg eJjlla roJxIIHa, npe3 1922 roR., XI xonrpec Ha napT14HTa c orJIeg Ha ycnO>KHexaTa Me)i(jyliapOJjHa o6cTaIiOBKa B3C OTHOBO CneuIiaJIHO penlexxe no B'bllpeca 3a yxperiBaneTO Ha CibBeTcxaTa apMH$I. KOHrpeCbT nOTB'bp ari Heo6xogmMCCTTa OT n0-IIaTa- T'bIIIHO nOJjcrIJIBaHe Ha apMv1Ta C KOMVHHCTH, 3a- AT.JIxcn napTwiH1Te cpraxl3 ga WbpnaT B CbBeT- cxaTa apmHSI BCHLlxH HenpaBHJIHO geMo6x1IH3IIpaHH KOMyHMCTH H Jja CBIIKaT B apMi5Ta BCIILIKn KOMy- HHCTn CT no)jne>KallWTe Ha IIOBIfKBaHe Ha6opI3. K-bM MepKnTe, KOATO Tpx6Bauie Jja oCHrypHT 6oe- cncco6HOCTTa Ha apMHSITa, KOHrpeCbT OTHece cjie Jj- I KIICC B pe3OJIIOIjHHX H peH1eHHHX c7,e3) OB, KOH4)epeH- UH%1 H nneHYMOB IIK, ti. I, 1953, cTp. 570 (61.nr. H39. CTp. 490-491). Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 HHTe MCpOIIpHSITHSI: ycTaHoBSISaHe HOCTOHHHa 'IHC- JIeHOCT Ha apMHHTa H cTa6HJIeH 61OAHCeT, KO1TO Aa C'bOTBeTCTByBa Ha LWCJieHOCTTa Ha apMHSITa H Ha Hy)ICgIITe OT BoeHHa TeXHHKa; peIIIHTeJIHO HaMaJiSi- BaHe Ha B'BHIIIHHTe HapxgH, KOHTO iie> xa KaTO Te iCKO 6peMe Bbpxy apMHHTa; OK33B2He IIOMOII( Ha CTOIIaHCTBaTa Ha CeMetCTBaTa Ha MCpBeHoapMEli- IjHTe, ?3a ga owe LICPBCHHSIT 6oeg, CHOKCeH 3a ceMeI3CTBOTO CH, Aa cc OTAa je 1431X51JIO Ha 3aHHMa- HHH nO 6CIytHaTa CH noJ roTOBKa". ,,KOHrpeci T CLIHTa 3a Heo6XOJjlMo - cc Ka3Ba B HOCTaHOBJIeHHeTO - Aa cc BOAH H 3a B 6i, elite HeyMCpHa pa6OTa 3a BCCCTpaHHOTO IIOBHIIIaBaHe 6CCCnoCc6HOCTTa Ha LICpBeHaTa apMHSI.111 napTHHTa 3Haeiue ge6pe, LIC 6CeCH0006HOCTTa Ha &pMHSITa MO)Ke Aa CC IIOBHIUH C2MO IIO C AIM Ha- qHH : ga Ce yKperi5IT KOMaHAHHTe K2 JjpH, Aa Ce no- A06pRT HOAFOTOBKaTa H B'b3IIHTaHHCTO Ha HaLiaii- CTByBaH(I!SI C'I,CTaB Ha apMHSITa, Aa cc pa3BY5IT BCe- CTpaHHO CpraHH3aTOpCKHTe my CHCCC6HOCTH. C HaMaJIABaHe XIHCJIeHCCTTa Ha HaiiaJICTByBaH(HSI C'bCTaB B pe3yJITaT Ha npoBe)ICAaHaTa AeMO6HJIH3agH3I cc C'b3AaAe Bb3MO)KHCCTTa ga cc CCTa.BHT B apMHRTa Ha#-ripegaHHTe Ha HapTHSITa H Ha CbBeTCKOTO npa- BHTeJICTBO- KOM2HAHpH, KOHTO Ac6pe IIC3H8BaXa m o6HiIaxa BOeliHOTO Aeno H 65ixa CH0006HH Aa B'bBe- gCT B apMNSITa TB'bpg peg H gHCI(HIIJIHHa. OT CaMOTO HagaJIO Ha Cb3AaBaHeTO Ha CBCH KO- MaHAHH KagpH H oco6eHo B HepHOga Ha MHpHOTO CTpOHTeJICTBO, KCraTO cc SIBHxa HO-6narorpH3ITHH yCJIOBHSI 3a TBXHaTa IIOgrOTOBKa, KOMyHHCTHgecKaTa IIapTHSI IIOCTaBH ripeg KOMaHgHHSI CbCTaB 3agaLIaTa 1 KIICC s pe3OnIOUHHX H pemeHHnx CI,e3j(OB, K6H4)e- peHICH# H IlnesyMOS LIK, V. I, 1953, crp. 649 (6'anr. Hag. crp. 559). Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Aa ycbBbpuIeHCTBYBa no-HaTaTbK 6orhIaTa cH noA- rOTOBKa, Aa H3y'IaBa 3ag'bn6o 1exo BOenxaTa Hayxa H OnHTa OT uocneAHHTe BOi HH. Be3 Hayxa, xa3BauIe B. H. .1eHIIH, He Mo>Ke Aa ce H3rpaLH MOH Ha C bB peMeHHa apMHSI, 3aTOBa HHe Tp3i6Ba Aa II3y iaBame KaKTO Tp5I6Ba BoexxoTO Reno. HapTHHTa H3xcKBauie Aa ce yC-bB'bpIIIeHCTByBa KOMaHAHHAT C'bCTaB, KOrITO 6e rlonytuln 6oeH OnHT B rpaH aHCHaTa BoiHa. KaTO BHHKBaIIIe BJI60K0 B 06eKTHBHHTe 3aKOHo- MepHOCTH Ha C bBpeMeHHaTa BOrIHa OT MaLIIIIHHHA ne- pHOA, BOHHa Ha MOTOpHTe H pe3epBHTe, KOMyHH- CTHmeCKaTa napTHSI ytIelue, tie CbBpeMeHHaTa ronHMa BOrIHa He Mo>xe Aa ce CrlegeJIH C eAHH 3aMax, me n0 CTHraHeTO Ha no6eAa npH ceramUHHTe 'yCJIOBr?SI e H3- B-bHpeAHO CJIO>KHO Aeno, KOCTO 143HCFBa HanpAra- HCTO Ha BCH'IKH MOpaJIHH H MaTEpranHH CHMII Ha A'bp- >KaBaTa. HapTHATa cotieIIIe, tie B cpaBHeHHe c H'bp- BaTa CBeTOBHa BOAHa OT 1914-1918 ron. II rpaxcAaH- c aTa BOIiHa OT 1918-1920 ron. Bce nO-rOnHMOTO yCJIO>KHABaHe Ha (4OpMHTe H HatIHHHTe 3a BOAeHe Ha BOHHaTa, onepaAKHTe H 60A nOCTaBA BCe no-roneMH H3HCKBaHH5i x-bM MopanHo-60IIHHTe KageCTBa H cp- raHH3aTOpCKHTe CH0006HOCTH Ha HatlanCTByBannHA C BCTaB. HapTHATa 3Haelne, me apMHHTe Ha HMnepHanHCTH- t;ecHHTe Abp>KaBH, rOTBerIKH Ce 3a BOAHa, Henpewbc- HaTO ce ycBBBpnIeHCTByBaT, nopaAH KOeTO npH 6b- AeuuH BOCHHH CTbJIKHOBeHHR Ha C'bBeTCKaTa apmHA npeACTOH Aa ce cpemHe CnpOTHBHIK, cHa6AeH C BCHtIKH Harr-HOBH TexHHtCCHI cpeACTBa 3a 6op6a. HpewBHA Ha TOBa napTHATa Hcxaule OT HamFl$I Ko- MaHAeH c'bcTan, KO iTO ce OTnHtIaBame C TaxHBa 3a- 6ene>KHTeJIHH KatlecTBa xaTO npeAanoCT xbM AeJIOTO Ha _ peBonioI;HATa, exeprHH, BOeHHH CD0006HOCTH H 6oraT 6oeH OnHT, Aa AO6He 3aA'bn6omeHH TeopeTH- tIeCKH 3HaHHH B o6JIaCTTa Ha BOeHHOTO Aeno. KOMaH- 38 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 AHpHTe Ha C-BBeTcxaTa apMHSi, xoifto B MOpanxo- nOJIHTHLIeCKO OTHOIIIeHHe CTOHxa MHOTO nC-BHCCI(O OT O4)HIuepHTe Ha KOSITO H Aa 6Hno 6ypx(oa3Ha ap- MHH, Tp316$aiue Aa rH HaAmHHaT H nb BoeHHO-nOJIH- TJ4 eCKaTa CH nOjjrOTOBj(a, Aa OBJIaAe$IT BCH'WH 4)CpMH H cpeAcTBa 3a 6op6a, ICaTO B 3aBHCHMCCT OT O6CTaHOBKaTa H3IIOJI3yBaT eAHH HJIH ApyrH OT TEX. HaeAHO C TOBa ECHO 6etue, tie 3a pbKOBOAHTeJISI H BB3nHTaTeJIH Ha C1BeTCKHTe ?6c#IIH He 6SIxa Ao- CTaTTatIHH CaMO BOeHHH 3HaHHSI. 3a Aa 6bAe Ac67,p pbKOBOAIITeJI H B'b3nHTaTeJI Ha nOAtIHHeHHTe CH, OCBCH BceHHa nOArOTOBKa HaIHHSIT KOMaHAHp Tpa6- BaII1e Aa npHTC)(8Ba H COJIHAHH n03HaHH$1 OT o6- iiac7Ta Ha IIOJIHTHxaTa H HKOHOMHKaTa, HCTCpHBTa H reorpa4)HHTa, MaTeMaTHKaTa, 4W3IxxaTa H ApyrH HayKH. To# TpK6Bamue Aa 6bwe BHccKoo6pa3oBaii H KyJ1TypeH rpa>KAaHHH Ha CbBeTCxaTa cTpaHa. H3pa3HBa#xH H3HCRBaHHSITa Ha napTHSITa KbM Ko- MaHAHHx CbCTaB, M. B. (DpyH3e Ka3Baule, me cb- BeTCKHSIT KOMaHAHp ,Tpsi6Ba Aa no3HaBa He CaMO CBOeTO THCHO BOeHHO AejIo. Toil Tp$I6Ba Aa 6bAe HanbJIHO BTopb)KeH c peAHt;a ApyrH 3HaHHSI. H TO3H, KO#TO HCKa Ae#CTBHTerIHO Aa 6bJe KOMaHAHp, OTroBapxu H3WIJIO Ha npeAHa3HatleHHeTO CH, Tp$i6Ba Aa 3Hae TOJIKOBa MHOTO, KOJIKOTO He e 3HaeJi HHT9. e)HH OT CTapHTe KOMaHAHpH. HaIIIHTe n'bJIKOBOAIj$ Tpx6Ba Aa 67.AaT Hanbnxo Bbopbx(eHH He caMO c BoeHHH, HO H C nOJIHT1 tgeCKH H HKOHOMHLICCKH a!ra- HHSi.. . Be3 nO3H8B8HeTO Ha Te3H MOMeHTH &pMHHTa He MO>Ke ycneuixo Aa ce p1KOBOAx.ai1 KOMaHAKpi,T OT CbBCTCxaTa apMHH a He CaMO Ha- LIaJIHHK Ha CBOHTe.nOAtiHHeHH, HO H TexeH HOJIHTH- LIeCKH Bb3nHTaTeJI. usIJIaTa pa6OTa Ha KOMaHAHpa 1 M. B. cD p y x 3 e, Co6p. COV., T. II, rocnOJutTii3RaT, 1926, crp. 37 - 38. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 110 B'b3nI-ITaH4erO Ha 6oi 1Te Tps16BauIe Ra 6Tbua npoHHxxaza OT Tjyxa Ha Mapxcn3Ma-neHHHH3Ma, 3a Ta3H ijen KoMaHJ71p"bT caM Tps16BaIIIe Tja OBna- gee TJo CbB'bpnleHCTBO MapKCHCTKO-ne1I3HCxaTa Teo- pHH. 143yLiaBaHeTO Ha MapKCH3Ma-neHHHH3Ma OT HoMaHA- HHH H IIOJIHTHLIeCKIIH C'bCTaB Ha C'bBeTCKHTe B'bOp'b- HeHH CHnH O AHKTyBanle He caMO OT Hyn aTa Ra ce pa31UHp5Ba TeXHHHT nOnHTHLiecKH Kp'brO30p KaTO BCT Ha no HC3a;j'bn6oLlexo CaMOTO Tj14MOHMOCTTa Ta Ta Aa pa36ePaT nO BOeHHO Reno, C'bBeTCKaTa BOHHa Hayxa, LIHHTO HACrIHa OCHOBa C'bCTaBnHBa MapKCH3MbT-3 eHKOHTO M'bT. CaM0 011311, Ka3Balne M. B. (DPY yCBOH CT,njHOCTTa Ha MapKCHCTKO-neHHHCxaTa Teo- pHH, KOI1TO c byMee 11pI4 H3yxiaBaHeTO Ha BOeHHOTO Tjeno Tja ce nOn3yBa OT peBOnlOUHOHHO-KpHT1Tgecx McTOTj Ha MapKC143Ma-neH14HH3Ma, Mo (e a 3a pa36epe Abn6OKO BoeHHaTa Hayxa H ga npeTeHgi4pa JIHTa Ha p'bKOBOJjHTen BbB BOHHOTO Reno. 3aTOBa, KaTO ce 60peIIIe HaC HO a nogr Tjo xaTa Ha BncononBanH(1Hn,HpaHH B 3aegHo C TOBa napTHHTa ygieIIIe, LIe BoennaTa noTjro- TOBKa Ha KoMaHTjnn1 cbcTaB Ha CbBeTCKHTe B'bOp'b- >KeHH CHJIH Tp56Ba ga ce HaMHpa B Hepa3Tjenna Bp'b3Ka c HeroBoTO HAefiH0-II0nnT4Liecno TeO11Ta HHe, c onnaWinaxeTO oT BoeHHHTe xaT~p P H Ha MapKCn3Ma-neHInHH3Ma. KOMyHHCTHLieCxaTa nap- THH OTTZaBaule H OTJjaBa Haik-roJIHMO 3HamIeime Ha HTjeI1HOTO yxpennaHe Ha Ha 1aJICTBYBaigHH C bCTaB Ha Wbop'b>KeHHTe c1lJ n. IIOnaraHKH BCeKHTjHeBHH rpHxcH 3a B'b3nHTaHHeTO Ha KOMaHAHHTe H IIOnHTH- LlecxHTe xagpH Ha CTbBeTCKaTa apMH1, napTHHTa BH- Ham e oTTjengna HaI3-ronHMO BHHMaHIIe Ha nOTjrO- TOBKaTa Ha RHcW{rLJIHHHpaHH, B3HCKaTenHH K'bM ce6e CH H K'bM nORLIHHeHHTe cu nauanHHljH. IIap- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 'H31fi`a npxnUMHHIne Ha HafilTe xoMaHAHH KaApH, tie ycneX'bT B O6ytieHHeTO H B'b3nHTaHHeTO Ha BOH- cKHTe e HeMHCJIHM 6e3 3ApaBa AHCIjHnnHHa H CTpOr BoegeH peg.- I'O4KO roJIaMO 3Hatiexxe OTAaBaine napTHSITa Ha ?39paBaTa BOeHHa AHcgKnmmHHa, Ha opraHH3HpaHOCTTa H peAa, Ce Bli K a OT TOBa, tie ou e B 3opaTa Ha paw- gal TO Ha Hamm apMHsI TO3H B'bnpOC 6eine nOCTa- BeH KaTO eAHH OT peniaBaIIAHTe npH C'b3AaBaHeTO Ha HOBaTa pa6OTHHtiedKo-ceJICKa apMHx. Ha VIII KOairpec Ha napTHSITa ce H3T'mKHa, tie aKO HHe He C'b3RaAeM CTporO AHcUHnJIHHHpaHa peAOBHa apMHx, He 'I7ue MO)KeM Aa 3aIuHTHM cl,BeTCxaTa peny6Jn3Ka. Onopa Ha AMc1 HnJ 1rnaTa H pea B apMHHTa, TexHH HOCHTeJIH H npoBOAHHijH, mb3nHTaTeJIH Ha c'b3Ha- HHeTO 3a BoHHCxa tieCT H BoHHcKH AbJir, o6pa3eij Ha TBbpAOCT H H3Ap'bHCJIHBOCT Ha n'bpBO MACTO ca HMeHHO HaIUHTe KOMaHAHH KaApK. CbBeTCKaTa J bp)i(aBa-He Moxceine Aa UOBHIIIH 6oe- CndCO6HOCTTa Ha apMHATa CH, 6e3 Aa pa3B4e C'bBeT- CKaTa BOeHHa HayKa H 6e3 Aa B'&opi KH c Hex Ko- MaHAHHA CbCTaB Ha HaIIIHTe B'bopb~)KeHH CHJIH. T'M MO ?3aTOBa napTHATa H3HCKBanie HO-3ag'&Ja6otien0 Aa 'ce H3ytiaBa OHHT'bT OT II'bpBaTa CBeTOBHa BOHHa H OCo6eHO OT rpalxeHH CHJIH H Ha TeXHHTe Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 KoMaH1 HH xajjpH. TporrHH H HerOBHTe rcpoTexceTa, HOHTO Ce HaMHpaxa TOraBa B p&KOBOJjCTBOTO Ha BOCHHOTO BeJjOMCTBO, ce o6xBHxa npOTHB J;HpCKTH- BHTe Ha napTHHTa 3a noJ;rOTOBKaTa H B'b3nHTaHHeTO Ha BOCHHHTe HaJjpH B Jjyxa Ha MapKcHCTKo-neHHH- cKaTa TeopH$I,H Ha CBBeTCHaTa BOeHHa HayKa. Te ce M,bLIexa Jja Bb3nperIsITCTByBaT OpraHH3HpaHOTO npC MHHaBaHe Ha C-LBeTCKaTa apMHH K'bM MHpHoBpe- MCHHO CbCTOHHHC, Jja nOJ;KOnaHT MaTepHBJIHOTO it 3a- nac iBaHe, Jja npOBaJIHT 6otlHaTa H0JjrOTOBKa Ha BOACKHTe H Jja HanpaB$IT Hamm apMHH' He6oecno- co6Ha. TporjxxcTHTe ce cTpeMSixa npeAH BCHLIKO Jja pa3JIO)KaT IcoMaHJjHHTe H nOJIHTilgeCKHTe is j pri, A a Haca i.SIT cpe j KOMaH J;IiHH C bCTaB HaCTpOCHHe Ha na- CHBHOCT, Ha ynaAT,gIHOCT H HeAOBOnCTBO.. CbC CBOHTe npOTHBOpeLIHBH 3anOBe JjH, C JIHKBHAaTOpCKHTe CH JjeilcTBHSI K'bM apMHSITa TpOIjKBCTBTe ce mT xiexa Jja Jje30pr'aHH3HpaT KOMaH? HHH C'LCTaB H Jja ro J;OBe- JjaT go CT,CTOHHHC Ha anaTHH. ,CpeAHHHT BoeHeH pa- 6OTHHH... -nHIne no OHOBa pee M. B. cpyH3e, - nOJjTHCHaT- OT nOTOHa 6b,p3o CMeHBIIjH ce H ,,OT- McHSIBanjH, J;On7,JIBanjH"H H3KJIK)gBanjH" ce eAHa Jjpyra opraHH3aijnoHHH pasnopeJj6H H 3anOBeAH, 3ary6H 0KOHgaTeJIHO BC$IKO paBHOBecMe H H3naAiia B C'bcTOSIHHe, 6JIH31CO AO yMCTBexo 6e3pa3JIHLIHe.s1 TpoijxrlcTHTe ce 06HBHxa npOTHB pa3pa60TBa$eTo Ha c7,BeTCKa BOeHHa HJjeoflOrB$I, II OTHB C ,3JjaBaxeTO Ha eJBHHH B'b3rneAH no xaparcTepa H oco6exocTHTe Ha ci,BpeMexxaTa Bolxa, no nOJjrOTOBKaTa H Bb311H- TaxxeTO Ha HaIIIHTe B7bop1 weHH CHUM. Te He canto Lie oTpHtiaxa Heo6XOJLHMOCTTa Jja ce H3ytaBa OIIHT'bT OT rpax(AaHCKaTa BOfHa, HO H OXyJIBaXa T03H onnT. KaTO HaJjrjeHgsaxa 3HaxieHHeTO Ha CTapHTe BOCHHH 1- M. B. 4) p y H 3 e, Co6p. COti., T. I, rodnoJIMTH3J*aT, 1929, cTp. 426.- - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 cneuHaJIHCTH B rpaxRgal cRaTa BOI3Ha, TpOIUKexa B CI,BeTCKaTa apMHH, 3arioglHaxa ga oTpH- LIaT Heo6XOAHMOCTTa ga ce H3yLiaBa OrIHTT,T OT rpa>K- AaHCKaTa BOI%IHa. Te Hpei eHSIBaxa Belie OT o4H1HaJI- HHTe aKageMHLIeCi(H xaTegpH rpa>KgaxCxaTa BOIiHa KaTO erIH36,q Ha CBeTOBHaTa B013Ha, (paJILUH4)H1AHpaxa 4)OpMyJiI4pOBKHTe m XapaKTepHCTHKHTe Ha HaI;HO- HaJIHOocBo60J;HTeJIHHTe BOI1HH, nOgMeHSIXa MapKCHCT- KHH xapaKTep Ha Te3H BOI1HH CB C CXBaLuaHHA, 3aeTH OT peaxrHOHHaTa 6yp>KOa3Ha HCTOpHOrpa()HH. HRKOH BHCIIIH BOeHHB CneijHaJIHCTH TpeTi paxa 'IepBCHHTe KOMaH,i[Hp'H y>K KaTO HCCIIOCO6HH ga o6y- LIaBaT BOfIHHUIITe B MHPHO BpeMe H rH H3TJIaCKBaXa Ha BTOpOCTeneHHII HOCTOBe, a camo CTapHTe BOeHHH CneljlaJIHCTH CLIHTaxa 3a HCTHHCKH npo(f ecHOHa- JIHCTH BBB BOeHHOTO gem, AOCTOI3HH ga 3aemaT p'LKOBOJjHH IJOCTOBe. Te ce CTapaexa ga B3eMaT B CBOH pine BOeHHOHayLIHaTa pa6OTa H nOjjrOTOBKaTa HO H3gaBaHeTO Ha BoeHHa JIHTepaTypa, a HO-J.JO6pHTe CHJIH - TaJIaHTJIHBH, MJIaAH H 3aKaMIeHIi B 6ceBeTe Ha rpa>K,caHCKaTa BOrIHa KOMaHZ(HpB IN rlOJIHTpa6OT- HHIJH - Te gbp>xaxa B nojio>xeHHe Ha yLIeHHI;H HJIH C'bBCeM He rH J[onycxaxa AO Ta3H pa6cTa. Tpoi;KH ce OrIHTBaLue ga npOTHBOIIOCT^.BIL Ha TeC- peTHLIecxaTa BOeHHa IIO,iZroTosxa H Ha HonIThi.LlecxoTo yxpensane Ha KaJZpHTe Ha CbBeTCKaTa upmHH Ha 6a3aTa Ha MapKCHCTKo-JIeHHHCKaTa TeOpwi ,,TeO- pHSITa" Ha gpe6HHTe Reiia, KaTO npenopl,tlBaiue Ha KOMaHL HHSI C'bCTaB ga ce 3aHHMaBa HpegHMHO C MepOnpHSITHH 110 ype>xgaHe 6HTa Ha nogLIHHeHHTe CH. TpouxH ce mblietue ga npHKple CBOxza BpeAH- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 TeJICT1sl Ae#HOCT C MHHMa rpuxca 3a MaTepHanxHTe HyxcAH! Ha iepBeHoapMethInTe H xoMaHAHpHTe, Aa npeB'b$xe KOMaHAHpHTe B 6e3npHHIjxnHH ripaKTHIlH n Aa t!H HanpaBH nocnylilHO op-bAHe s 6op6aTa cH npoTHB napTMATa, npOTHB, CT,BeTCHaTa AT,p)Kasa. TpoAx'il ce o6sIBH npOTHB upHJlaraHeTO Ha npHHljH- nHTe is CbBeTCxaTa BoeHHa xayxa B'bB BoeUHOTO CTpOHTCJICTBO. OTpHLta4KH Ha AyMH H3o6140 BoeH- HaTa Hayxa, TOR ce CTapaeuie Ha Aejio Aa HacaAH B CTIBeTfKaTa api si 6ypwOa3HaTa BoeiHa Hayxa. IIo CbUICCTBb ToBa o3Hagasame, Lie TpouwH ce cTpememe Aa OTK'&CHe apMHATa OT xemyHHCTHtlecxaTa napTHsk H ga sI npewbplie B op1,AHe 3a pecTaBpai;HSI Ha KallHTanH3Ma B Hamm CTpaiia. Bcii lKH Te3H pa36HpaHHs H " AefiCTBHH Ha TpOU- KHCTHTe. 6siXa HacogeHH K-bM riOHH)KaBaHe 6Cecncco6- HOCTTa Ha C'bBeTCKaTa apMHs, KbM He3HOTO Ae3opra- H143HpaHe H HMaXa 3a IjeiI Aa AOBeAaT HauIaTa apMHH go nopa)xeHHe npH C6JrbCKBaHe c apMHHTe Ha BMne- pHaJIHCTHieCKHTe XHII[HBIjH. KOMyHHCTHLiecxaTa napTi si gage peurilTeJIeH OT- nop Ha Te3H Bpe)HTeJlcicH pa36Bpamul H 3acHJIH pa60T4Ta CH no noJIHTHLIeCKOTO H BCCHHOTO BTB3nHTa- HHe Ha c bBeTCKHTe BCeHHH KaApH. B. H. JIeHHH H HerOBBITe yteHvigH H Haft-6JIH3KH CbpaTHHIjB B CTpoHTeJICTBOTO Ha C'bBeTCKaTa apmmi AOKa3aXa, Lie caMaTa, npxpoAa Ha Hau iaTa apMHsi, BCHLiKH CTpaHH Ha )xHBOTa 3i, BCHLIKH.3aAaxiH no HCIIHOTO yxpenBaHe H3HCKBaT B'bOp b>IcaBaHeTO Ha H0MaHAHH$I CT,CTaB C Maplxe ga pa36epe npaBHJIHO 3axo- HOMepHOCTHTe Ha BOAHHTe H TeXHH31 xapaHTep H ga osnaAee BCHLIKH (bopMH H cpeACTBa Ha B'bop b>Ke- HaTa 6op6a. 3aeMafIKH ce C nonHTHLIecxOTO B'b3nHTaHHe Ha HO- MaHAHHTe H noJIHTHXICCKHTe KagpH, napTHaza rH npegna3BaIIIe OT aTaHHTe Ha TpOI;KHCTHTe H gpyrHTe Bparose Ha neHHHH3Ma. IleHTpaJIHHHT KOMHTeT Ha napTH$1Ta 3aKan3iBaIIIe HaLIHTe BOeHHH KaApH H rH CnnoT$IBalne oKOJIO napTHSITa. KaTo npoBe>KAa1ue ronsiMa AeiHCCT HO HAeHxG- IOJIHTHLIeCKOTO H BC HHOTO B1,3nHTaHHe Ha HoMaHA- HHTe H nonHTHLIeCKHTe KaApH Ha C'bBeTCKaTa apMHSL H pa306nHgaBaiue TpOqKHCTKHTe pa36HpaHHH no B'bnpOCHTe Ha BOeHHOTO CTpOHTeJICTBO, IleHTpaJIHHHT KOMHTeT Ha napTHSITa CT,o6pa3H0 C UOCTaHOBneHHSITa Ha X H XI napTHCH KOHrpec no BOeHHHTe Bbnp0CH B3eMauie HeO6XOAHMHTe MepHH 3a noBHIIIaBaHe 6ce- CHO006HOCTTa Ha apMHSITa, 3a OMHCTBaHeTO Ha JIHLI- HHSI I C'bCTaB OT TPOIWHHCTKH H ApyrH aHTHIIapTHIIHH eneMeHTH; ILK Ha napTHHTa npOBeAe peAHga MepG- nPHSITH$1 no yKpenBaHeTO Ha HagIaJICTByBaII(H$I C'bC- TaB, no GpraHH3HpaHeTO Ha npenoArOTOBKaTa my BbB BOeHHHTe yLIe6HH 3aBeACH1431, HO yBenHLIaBBHCTO Ha pa6OTHHLIeCKOTO 31ApO H napTHf3HH3I eneMeHT B Hero, no B-bBe>KAaHeTO Ha eAHHOHaLIanHeTO H T. H. 46 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 3a Aa ce npOBCPHT MaTepxaJlfTe no HenpaBInHO AeMo6HnH3HpaHHTe OT apMHHTa KOMy}HCTH, no pe- iueHHe Ha I]K Ha napTHSITa npe3 IOJIH 1921 ron. 6iixa C'b3AaAeHH cnei iaJIHH KOMHCHH npH McCTHHTe, nEpTHfiHH KOMHTe H. B pe3ynTaT Ha pa6oTaTa Ha Te3H KOMHCHH B C'bBCTCKaTa apMHR H (4nOT 6sixa B'b3Bbp- HaTH 3HaLIHTeneH 6po k HeI1paBHJIHO AeMc6HJIH3HpaHH napTH 1HH pa60THHI(H. B1,B BOeHHO-MopCICHSI (nOT 65Ixa B'bpHaTH MOp5IILHTt KOMyHHCTH, KOHTO patio- TeXa B pa3JIHt1HH KnOHOBe Ha HapOAHOTO CTonaH- CTBO. CneliHaJIHH aTeCTaIIHOHHH KOMHCHH, CTa3Aa- AeBH no yxa3aHxe Ha I.UK Ha PKII(6), npoBepxxa KoMHCapHTe H BCHLIKH nonHTpa6OTHH4H H npenOpb- qaxa HSIxoH Aa 6-bAaT nosHHIeHH B cnyxc6aTa, ApyrH Aa ce npeMCCT$IT Ha KoMaHAHa pa6oTa, TpeTH Aa 6'bAaT H3npaTeRH Aa ce yqaT, a HHHOH Aa 6iAaT Ae- Mo6Hn43HpEHH OT apMHHTa. Pa6oTaTa Ha Te3H HOMH- CHH n0MOrHa Aa ce CTa6HJIH3HpaT KaApHTC Ha nOnHT- pa6oTHHIjHTe. CMeA npHBbpuIB8H2T0 Ha TpaX(A8HcxaTa B011Ha KOMaHAHH$IT CbCT8B 6eume AOCTa I bCT-bp no CBOSITa KnacoBa npHHaAne)KHOCT, IIOJIHTHLIeCKH y6eH(AeHHi, cneuHanxa HOArOTOBKa H KynTypHO paBHHUje. 3a Aa ce H3rpaAH OT Te3H KOMaHAHpH eAHOpOAHO KO- MaHAHO TIRO, HeO6XOAHMO 6eiue eAHH Aa 6TaAaT Bb3- HHTaBaHH HOJIHTHLIecKH, a ApyrH Aa ce TOArOTB$1T BbB BOeHHO-TeXHHLIeCKO OTHOIIIeHHe. C orneA Ha ToBa, qe npe3 1921 H 1922 ron. apMH$Ta ce AeMo6H JIH3Hpanle H KOMaHAHHSIT C CTaB p$I3KO ce HaManH- BaIIIe, KOMyHHCTHLIeCKaTa napTKH pa3BH ronHMa Ae#- HOCT no 3ana3BaHeTO Ha KOMaHAHHTe KatjpH, KOHTO 6SIxa npeAaHH Ha c?bB TCxaTa pO)HHa, HMaxa 6oeH OIIHT H o6Hgaxa BoeHHOTO AenO. B C-BIgOTO pee napTHSITa H3AHrxa Ha pbKOBOAHH MecTa MHOro Mna)H KOMaHAHpH, H3ne3JIH H3 cpeAaTa Ha pa60THH- IjHTe H Cen5IHHTe H I1oKa3aJIH BHCOKH MopanHO- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 60I3HIi xa iecTBa. HaH-no,groTBeHLITe BOeHHH KOMH- capl3 ce npeBeHKRaxa Ha xoMaHJjHH ;XJII KHOCTH, xoeTo J OBej e go yxpenBaxeTO Ha KOM3HJ>;HHH CbCTaB H HOHLJIBaneTO my c npexpacHH agMHHHCTpaTOpH H opraHl33aTOpH, 6e3npegenno npegaHH Ha xoMyHH- cTHtiecxaTa napTIIH. 3a rioJrOTOBH H npeuogroTOBI~ a Ha KOMaHgHHH CbCTaB B KpaT'bx CpOK B HaUIBTe BOeHHH OKp7;3H 6euie CL3J;aJ eHa umpoxa Mpe i;HH xagpH - BoeHHaTa axageMiH Ha Pa60THHxiecKo-cejicixganeTO Ha npHIHAHna Ha egHHOHaLIa- JtHeTo ce c-b3gagoxa B pe3yJITaT Ha gHji a Hpexogxa pa6oTa, H3BbpLHexa.OT napTHSITa I3 BoeHHHTe opraHH xa}TO no o6IroTO yxperxBaxe Ha LIepBeHaTa apMHH, Taxa H no ylpenBaxeTO Ha KoAiangHHTe KagpH tlpe3 nog6op Ha Haft-go6pHTe KOMaHJHpH, Hpe3 HIHpOKO BbBJIHUaxe Ha KomangHHH C'bCTaB B nOJIHTHKO- npOCBeTHaTa pa6oTa H tipe3 HeOTKJIOHHO yBeJiHtia- BaHe 6po3I H pomHTa Ha HapTHIkHHH KOMaHgeH C1,C- TaB(l. Ho ToraBa e9l4HOHatlaJrHeTO He mo)-a ga 6ige OC'- n eCTBeHO B1,B BCHtIKH 3Bena. IIbPBO, me BCHt1CH KomaxgHpH 6"sixa tLJIeHOBe Ha napTHxTa, a HPH Te3H yCJIOBH31 6e3napTHftHnTe He mo>Kexa ga PbHOBOgsIT napTKrIHO-nojIHTHtlecxaTa pa6oTa. BTOpo, MHOrO KO- MaHgHpH KOMyHHCTH HHMaXa Onje gOCTaTT,tIHO OnHT H HaBH1;H, 3a ga B'b3rJIaB3IT H3Begiib)x napTHftHO- IIOJIHTHtlecKaTa pa6OTa H ga CTaHaT HOJie3HH egHHO- HauaJIHHIjH. 3aTOBa no yKa3aHHe Ha 1leHTpaJIHHSi KOMHTCT Ha napTHSITa 6sxa yCTaHOBeHH'.Be d)OpMH Ha egHHOHaggaJiHe. B eglHHH ciiyuaft B pz,IleTe Ha 1 ,143BeCTH31 I.UK BKII (6)", Ns 11-12, 1925, cTp. 16. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 CTpoeBiis xoMaBAHp ce cvcpeAOTOUaBaxa HalrbfHo onepaT~IBHb-CTpoeBHTe, agMHHHCTpaTHBHHTe H CTO= naHCKi#Te (pyHKI(HH, AOKSTO xomucapgT 3ana3Balue p'bKOBOACTBOTQ Ha nonIHTHUecKaTa H napTHflHaTa pa6OTaI B gaCTTa ii HoCeult OTTOBOPHOCT 3a Hef?IHOTO MOpaJI#iO-fOnmTHLiecKO CbCTOHHHe. ITpH TOBa KOMH- capsiT, Maxap H Aa ce ocBo6ox(AaBaule OT aAMHHH- CTpaTHBHO-CTOnaHCKHTe cpyHxljMH, 6eme girbweH ? Aa nOMara,Ha xOMaHAHpa B yKpenBaHeTO H HOBHUIa- BaHeTo Ha cTpOCBOTO) 6O IHOTO i4 +CTOIIaHCKo-TexHH- uecxoTo cbcTOSIHHe Ha uacrra. B Apyrxsi cny iaLi, xoraTO KoMaHAHpHTe KoMyHHCTH oTroBapHIxa Ha oHCTBO (T Te. M O)(exa Aa 6'bAaT eAHOBpeMeHHO H BOACTBO p KOMHCaPH), B pblleTe Ha KOMaHAHpa ce cjxpeAoTO- uaBaXB KaKTO CTpoeBHTe H aAMHHHCTpaTHBHO-CTO- naHCKHTe (pyHKL HH, Taua m cpyHxljHHTe Ha napTHHHO- IIOJIH'iHUeCKOTO p'1KOBOACTBO. B TaK'bB cnyuaI7i Ho- maHAlip'bT ce HapHuaule ,xoMHcap m xoMaHHAiip"? npH TaKOBa nonoweHHe An'bHKHOCTTa HoMHCap ce IIpeMaXBaifie H BMeCTO HoMHCap KOMaHAPp'bT HMaule nOMojijHHK no nonHTHUecKaTa u4CT. OTHauano no-uiHpOxo pa3npocTppaxexxe nonyuH nr pBaTa (popMa, T. e. xoraTo xoMaiAHp'bT 6eule eAH- HOHaganHHx camo B o6naCTTa Ha 6of'iHaza IIOArOTOBKa H aAmHHHCTpaTHBHO-CTOnaxcxaTa AeATIOCT. B T03H cnyti d napTxftHO-nonHTHUec,KOTO p'bKOBO CTBO ce 3ana3Baule 3a xoMHcapsl Ha uacTTa, xa c'beAi1HeHHHeTO. Ho canto cneA ABe ro)iHH no yxa3aHHe Ha UeHTpan- HHSI i(OMHTeT Ha napTHHTa 3anouna Aa ce BHeApsiBa np-InXPOKo BTopaTa cpopMa Ha eAHHOHaxianHe KOraTO KOMaHAHp'bT KOMyHHCT CTaBaule nBneH eAH- HouauanHHK He Canto B o6naCTTa Ha 6of3HaTa noAro- TOBKa x aAMHHHcTpaTHBHO-CTOnaHCKaTa AeAHOCT, HO H, B O6nacTTa Ha napTHf3HO-nOnHT13LICCKOT0 p'bK0- BOACTBO. I4HCTHTYT'hT Ha xOMHCapHTe B uja60BeTe 55 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 R yrlpaBneHHHTa ce rlpeMaxBaure, a c1yllxIIHHTe Ha- nonHTHLIecxaTa H napTHItHaTa npocBeza ce BT~3JIa- raxa Ha HapTHrIHHTe opraHH3aIAHH nog xoHTpona H pT,KOB09CTBOTO Ha Hai3-6nH3KH31 HOJIHTOpraH. IIpH HpoxapBaneTO Ha eIHHoHauanneTO 6eule o6,Lp- HaTO BHHMaHHe Aa ce 3aua3BaT B apMHSITa Hail- ILeHHHTe KaApH OT BOeHHH KOMHCapH. zIaCT OT THX 6Hxa HpeMeCTeHH Ha KOMaHAHO-CTpoeBH AJITWHOCTH, a Apyra LIacT - Ha pT,KOBO Ha agMHHHCTpaTHBHa H CTonaHCxa pa6oTa. OCHOBHHHT CLCTaB Ha BOeHHHTe KOMHcapn 6euIe 3ana3eH 3a HOJIHTHLIecHa pa6oTa. BT,B BpT,3Ka c BT,Bex{AaHeTO Ha egHHOHagaBHeTO H3BT,HpeAHO Ba)CHO 3HageHHe HMaMe yxa3aHHeTO Ha ueHTpanHHSI KOMHTeT Ha HapTHSITa 3a HOBHHIaBaHe pOJISITa Ha IIOJIHTOpraHHTe KaTO opraHH Ha HapTHHTa B apMH$ITa, 3a MaKCHMaJIHO 3aCHJIBaHe Ha nOnHTHLIeC- KaTa pa6oTa H 3a BcecTpaHHO yKpeHBaHe BJIHHHHeTO Ha HapTHHTa B'bB BOACKHTe. B3eMaHeTO OT napTHHTa Ha xypc K&M eAHHOHa- *Ianxe H HpaKTHMeCKOTO My ocT,n eCTBHBaHe AOHpH- Hecoxa B Haft-ronHMa cTeneH 3a yxpeHBaxeTO Ha CTi- BeTcHHTe BBop'b)KeHH cHJIH. Hpe1. eHHBaAKH BT,BenIRHOCT OT cpe L HHH Ha- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 4a71e,kBTBaig c bcTaB, CC yBOnH$IBaT B 3anaca c*bc 3BaHI a xoMaHgHp OT 3anaca OT Pa6oTHxqecxo-cen- cKaTa 1IepBeHa apMHii"I. 3a](OH'bT 3a 3aA'bn)KHTenHaTa BOCHHa cnyxc6a HMau#e POnsiMO 3HaiieHHe 3a npeMHHaBaHeTO Ha Cny)K- 6aTa i nO JJrOTOBKaTa Ha HatianCTByBauuHSi C?bcTaB OT apMH Ta H (4nOTa. Toil 6eme B cxna c ManxH Aonnn- HeHHH ' (o 1930 roA. Ha, 13 aBrycT 1930 rOA. 6e H3AaAeHO HOCTaHOBne- HHe Ida 1114K H CHK Ha CCCP ?3a rIOCTaBHHeTO B AeRCTBHe Ha 3aKOHa 3a 3aA'bn)KHTenxaTaa BoeHHa cnyxa6a B HoBa peAaXWI$I". CnopeA ToBa nOCTaHOB- neHHe BHCmaTa AOHa6OpHa no roTOBKa B nOBexreTO BHCIIiH TeXHHgeCKH yLIe6HH 3aBe,eHHSI (BTY3) H TCXHIkKyMH ce 3aMeHHme C BHCma H3B?bHBOItcHoBa nOATQTOBKa. 8HCmaTa H3BTiHBOVICHOBa no?roTOBKa 6eme Ae#CTBHTenHa BOeHHa cny)K6a 3a CTyAeHTHTe, KOHTO ca H npeMHHanH. CneA TOBa Belie Te He Tpsi6- Bame! Aa cnyxcaT B apM}lsrra. TeopeTHgHHSiT xypc Ha BncmaTa 113BT,HBOHcxoBa nogrOTOBKa Tpaeme OT 430 Ao 580 Baca, a yge6HHTe c6opone ripoA-Lnxca- Baxa 3-4 MeceI;a. r1peMHHanuTe BHcma H3B'LHBOH- cKOBa noLrOTOBKa CneA 3aB'bpmBaHe Ha ytie6HOTO 3aBeAeHHe nojiaraxa H3;IHT 3a 3BaHHeTO Cp6geH Ha- HanCTByBaig CbCTaB OT 3anaca H H39'bp acaTHTe ro cc 3agHcn5iBaxa B 3anaca xaTO cpeAHH HoMaHAHpH. 3aB?bpmHnHTe BHCmH ytie6HH 3aneAeHHSi H Tex- HHKyMH, K-bAeTO HBMame BHCma H3B?LHBOHCKOBa HOA- rOTOBKa, xaKTO H 3aB'bpmHnHTe pa64aK H mKOnH OT BTopa CTeneH Cnyxcexa B Ka)poBaTa apMHsi eAHa ro)H Za, a CneA TOBa Abp)xaxa H3nI4TH 3a cpeAeH xo- MaHAHp OT 3anaca. 1 Go6paHHe 3axoxoB H pacnopaweH}I Pa6oge-KpecTbHH- moro IIpaBHTei mCTBa C0103a COBeTCKHX CoiiMaimcm ieCxHX Pecny6mc 3a 1925 ron. BionneTenb Ns 62, cTp. 463. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Ta3H HOBa cHCTeMa 3a noJroTOBxa Ha HaQanczsy- Bau C'bCTaB OT 3aIIaca ycxopH 3HatuHTeJIHO HeroBOTO yBeJlHUaBaHe, 6e3 Aa ce UGHH)KaBaT IKZ[a MaCOBO C7,BpeMeHHH cpe,i[CTBa 3a 3angHTa H HanageHHe. 3aTOBa MOIgHaTa HHRy- CTpHaJIHO-HKOHoMHLIecxa 6a3a HMa I33BbHpe,r HO Baxc- HO 3HageHHe 3a ycneHIHOTO BogeHe Ha CTBpeMeHHaTa BOfIHa. CJiegOBaTeJIHO H3OCTaHaJIOCTTa B npomHHIJIe- HOCTTa H B gSIJIaTa HKOHOMHKa BO9H ,I;O H3OCTaHaJIOCT H B TeXHHLIecHoTO cHa6nxBaHe Ha apMHSITa.. TaxoBa 6eme nwwIO)KeHHeTO B apMHSITa Ha I[apc a PycHSI. IIO KOJIHLIeCTBO Ha B&opT,HCenHeTO cH I;apcxaTa apMHH 3HagIHTenxo OTCTT,nBaine Ha apMHHTe Ha ,I;pyrHTe ronemH xanHTaJIHCTHLIecxH ,Rbp)KaBH. HanpHmep B rO,I(HHHTe Ha n'bpBaTa cBeToBHa BoI1Ha PycHx Hmanle 3,5 n7.TH no-MaJIx6 TexC C-LE ATe H Tbp- MaA)KHACKHTe HanaAeHHR B'bpxy C'bBe~B103, HOrpO- THgecKH npeACTaBHTeJICTBa H T-bprOB xnTe nOJIH- BHTeJICTBa B peAHua KanHTaJIHCTHLIecHI ?H npeAcTa- BCHgKO TOBa CBHAeTeJICTByBamC, tie a3 CTpaHH? aMepHKaHCKHTe, (ppeHCKHTe H SInOHCKHT,HFnHHC$HTe, JIHCTH, KaKTO H HMnepHaJIHCTHTe OT Apyi x..""-epHa- nOArOTBHXa HOBa BOeHHa HHTCpgeHI;HR ur CTpaHH IHaTa pOgHHa. B Ha- TeXHHgecKOTO npeBT,Opi,HCaBaHe Ha apAHRTa 6ei , B'b3MOSKHO CaMO Ha OCHOBaTa Ha RopeHH TO npeo6pa- 3OBaHHe Ha HauIaTa HKOHOMHKa, npe, BCHtIKO Ha. OCHOBaTa Ha HHAyCTpHaJIH3aI1H3lTa Hal aYa^""?Ta H ?;O- JIeHTHBH3aIjHRTa Ha CeJICKOTO CTonalr iCTBO. ColwHajrHCTHgecxaTa HHAyCTpHaim 3aL;HR Ha CTpa- HaTa npH npeAHMCTBO H BHCOKH TerrIHOBe B pa3BH- THeTO Ha Te)KKaTa npOMHIIIJIeHOCT 6 e1He reHepaJ-_ HaT- JIHHHSI Ha napTHHTa B 6op6aTa 3a nO CTpOHBaHeTO Ha col;HaJIH3Ma. HOBa, coI;HaJIHCTHgecc a HKOHOMHKa, HOBa, Co11HaJIHCTHgecRa CTOnaHCxa (tHCTeMa Mo)Kemme Aa ce care CaMO Ha 6a3aTa Ha 'bBpeMeHHaTa, BH- COKOpa3BHTa Te)KKa HHI(ycTpHH, Co wHaMIHCTHge(;xaTa i HHZf,)f;TpHaJIH3aijHSI n03BOJIRB HIe Aa ce ocnryps=T HeO6X07 MHTe HKOHOMHge f H H TeXHHgecKH npew O- CTaBKH 3a M& CHMaJIHO .-HOBHn1aBaHe Ha OT6paHHTeJI- HaTa CIIOCO6HOCP Ha CTpaHaTa) 3a Aa ce gage pelnH- TeJIeH OTHOp Ha ~- 13', ,KH OIIHTH 3a BOCHHO HanageHHe OT xan14TaJIHCT134ecxiiTe CTpaHH. C orJieA Ha B'b3MO)xHOCTTa 3a BOeHHO HanaAerne OT cTpana Ha Bpa)xAe6I PTO xanHTanxcTHgecxo o6xpT,- l B HCTOpHRTa npoJleTapcxa xcexne cpeHxy rIbpBaT? Aibp)xaBa XV KonrpeC 'Ha KOMyHHCTHgecxaTa nap- THR B AnpexTHBHTe cm 110 cbcTaBS1He ma nT,pBH51 neTroAHfeH n iaH 3a pa3l;nTneTO Ha HapOAHOTO CTO- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 naHCTBO Ha CCCP noco4H He66xo,HMOcTTa ,,... Aa ce OT,I;eJIH MaKCHManHO BHHMaHHe 3a HaA-6bp30TO pa3BHBaHe Ha OHe3H OTpaCnH Ha HapOAHOTO CTonaH- CTBO H306IJ O H no-cneI.jHaJIHO Ha npOMHuineHocTTa, Ha KOHTO ce naia rnaBHaTa ponu;'Aa, oc rypHT OT6pa- HaTa H cTOnaHCKaTa yCTOILIHBOCT 'Ha CTpaHaTa BTaB BpeMe Ha BOAHa"I. B peWeHHHTa Ha XVI KOHrpeC Ha napTHHTa ce nocoxlBaule HeO6XOAHMOCTTa Aa ce c'bCpeLOTOHH BHH- MaHMeTO Ha napTH$ITa H ouje HOBetle Aa ce M06HnH3H- paT BCHXIKH CHJIH Ha pa60THHLIecKaTa Knaca H Ha Tpy- AeujHTe ce MaCH Ha cenggIeCTBOTO 3a yKpenBaHe OT- 6paHHTenHaTa CIIOCO6HOCT Ha CCCP, Ha MOIIjTa H 6oecnoco6HOCTTa Ha C7,BeTCKaTa apMHx, cbnOT H aEHaIjMSI. fIpoBexc,gaxeTO Ha ,IAe io nporpaMaTa 3a cOIIHanHC- TWiecxaTa HHAyCTpHaJIH3aIjHH Ha CTpaHaTa H 3a Tex- HHmeCHOTO npeBbopbxcaBaxe Ha apMHHTa cpeAjxa ynOpHTO npOTHBO)je kCTBHe. OT cTpaxa Ha TpOIjKHC- THTe, 6yxapHHIAHTe H 6ypxcoa3HHTe HagHOHanHCTH. HOA pT,KKOBOACTBOTO Ha KOMyHHCTHtiecxaTa nap- THSI, B HenpHMHpoMa 6cp6a C TpOIjHHCTHTe H 6yXa- pHHIjHTe, , cianeTCKHHT Hapo nCCTHTHa CBeTOBHO- HCTOpHtIeCKH yCneXH B npOBeHCAaHeTO Ha coi oanfc- THLIeCKalra HH9ycTpxaJIH3aIjoH. Ha Ta3H OCHOBa B rOAHHHTe Ha n'bpBaTa neTHneTxa 6eme c53AaAexa MOIIj'Ha 0T6paHHTenxa npoMHUlnenocT. CoIjHanHCTH- tleCKaTa HHAycTpoaJIH3aIIHH nOCny)KH KaTO MaTe- pHanHa 6a3a 3a KopeHHaTa peKOHCTPYKIjH$I Ha cen- CKOTO CTOnaHCTBO. BMeCTO pa3nOK'bCaHHTe Ape6HH CeJICKH CTOnaHCTBa Genie CT,3AaAeHO eApo coI oanHc- THLIecRo ceJICKCCTOnaHcxo npOH3BOACTBO,CHa6AeHO C MOAepHa TeXHHKa.. KIICC B pe3o3nogHHx x pemeaxsix cbe3AoB, KwH4)epenwdk % HneHyMOB IJK, m. II, 1953, cTp. 332 (6vnr. H3 . cTp. 298). Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Ho BpemeTO, xoraTO B Ci~BeTCKHH CTb1O3 C 6'bp3H TeMrIOBe ce pa3BHBatue coljHaJIHCTHtlecxaTa IIpoMHUI- JIeHOCT H yKpenBalue ceJICKOTO CTonaRCTBO, B HarH- TaJIHCTHtlecKHTe cTpaHH ce HaAHramme CBeTOBHaTa HxoxoMHtlecxa HpH3a, KOHTO 3auogHa B 1929 ron. TH Ouse nOBetle H3OCTPH npoTHBopeTMITa, npHCbIIjH Ha cBeTOBHHH KanHTaJIH3'BM. Haft-arpeCHBHHTe eJIeMeHTH Ha Me}KgyHapo,RHaTa 6ypxcoa3H51 T'bpcexa H3XOA OT KpH3aTa 3a cMeTKa Ha CT BeTCKHH C73103, KaTO Tp'brFaXa HO n-bTH Ha CMa3- BaHe pa6oTHI4 ecHaTa KJIaca, Ha yCTaHOBHBaHe I)a- InHCTKa AHKTaTypa H pa3naJiBaHe Ha HOBa BOIhHa. HpH npHnOTO rIoon;peHHe H IOMOIg Ha peaxuHOH- HHTe Kp brOBe B rnaBHHTe KanHTaJIHCTHUecxH CTpaHH npe3 1932-1933 roj. B ,I1aJIetIHHH H3TOH H B geH- Tbpa Ha EBpona ce o6pa3yBaxa He BoeHHH orHHga, HOHTO 3anjlalnBaxa MHpa H 6e3onacxoCTTa Ha C bBeT- cxaTa cTpana. B Ta3H O6CTaHOBKa KOMyHHCTH'4ecxaTa napTHH B3e- Maule BCHLIKH HeO6XOAHMH MepKH 3a 110-HaTaT',HIHOTO yKpenBaHe Ha OT6paHHTeJIHaTa CHOC06HOCfi Ha CTpa- HaTa H 3aCHJIBaHe MOLT Ta Ha C'bBeTCKaTa apMHH H BoeHHO-MOpCKHH 4 JIOT. B pe3YJITaT Ha yCneIHHOTO H3n'hJIHeHHe Ha riBpBaTa neTHJIeTKa H Ha npeo6JlaAaBaIAOTO pa3BHTHe Ha Texc- KaTa HHAYCTpHH HaluaTa CTpaHa ce npeB'BpHa B CTpaHa, roAHa Aa npOH3BeHCAa B HeO6XOAHMOTO KOJIHLIeCTBO CTaBpeMeHHa TeXHHKa 3a BCHLIKH OTpaCJIH Ha HapOA- HOTO CTOnaHCTBO, KaKTO H TeXHHKa H OpT,HCne 3a ? apMHHTa H 4)JIOTa. B rogHHHTe Ha nbpBaTa neTHJIeTKa 6elue 3aB'bp- iueHa TeXHHgecxaTa peKOHCTpyKIIHH Ha BCHTIKH OT- pacnH Ha HapOAHOTO CTOnaHCTBO H 6e CT,3AaAexa TexHHgecxa 6a3a, npHC'bLI a Ha collHanflcTHtIecxaTa ATapsxaBa. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02: CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 npe3 roAHHHTe Ha Bropa.Ta neTxJIeTKa otge nonetle yxpenxa OT6paHHTCJnlaTa npoMKwneHOCT, cnoco6Ha Aa CHa6AEBa apMHHTa c nbpBOKnaCHa 6o*Ha TCXHHKa H npH TOBa B AOCTaT7atIHO KOJIHiieCTBO. TeXHHLIecKaTa peKOHCTpyKIjHSI Ha C7BeTCKaTa ap- MHSi ce npoBe)KAame no CTapaTeJIHO O6MHCJIeH H yT- BbpAeH OT UeHTpaA BuSI KOMHTeT Ha napTHSITa IIJIaH H ce oc'bnjecTBHname C TB'bpAa nOCJieJOBaTeJIHOCT nOA HerOBO pbROBOACTBO. flapTHSTa Haco'IBame BHHMaHHeTO Ha yxieHHTe H KOHCTpyKTOpHTe K'bM yC'b- B'bpInQHCTByBaaeTO Ha MaTepHaflHaTa *IaCT Ha BCHtIKH BHAOBe opsHCHe. BJIarOAapeHHe Ha BCeKHAHeBHOTO P%KOBOACTBO Ha napTHRTa, Ha He#HHsI UeHTpaJIeH KOMHTeX npe3 ro1HHHTe Ha npeABOeHHHTe neTHJIeTKH CbneTCKara apMHSi nosiytIH mbpBoKJlacHa 6oIHa Tex- HHKa, _ LIHeTo i(atieCTBO He 6elne HSAMHHSTO npe3 IpgnaTa BTopa cBCTOBHa BoHa. B ocuoBaTa Ha cTpoHTeJICTBOTO Ha BT,OpL9KeHHTe CHJIM Ha CbBCTCKaTa AhpxcaBa (Ssixa noJlo)KeHH H3HC- KBaHHSITa Ha CBBeTCKaTa BOeHHa' HayKa 3a Heo6xOAH- mocTTa Ai ce C7 3Aa,aT H AOBeAaT AO CT.BTbpiIleHCTBo BCHt1KH Po9oBe BOACKM. ToBa gage s1,3MO KHCCT Aa ce onpeAenslT HCHO xapafKe- ' E pp I ApH 3a TexHIIIgecKHTe BO ICKH CC *3HCKBame Aa ce IIOn'bJIHSIT HOBHTe axaAeMHH C'iC CnyIUaTeJICKH H npo4 ecopcKo-IIpenO1 aBaTenCKH C'bCTaB; Aa ce OpraHH3Hpa yge6HHnIT ripoIICC B'bB BOeHHHTe y*de6HH saseAeuxwi no C bBCeM HOB Ha' ini; Aa ce C b3AaAaT ytie6HHu1 H yge6xs noMarana no cneglaJIHHTe npeA McTH MHbro OT KOHTO ce HsytIaBaXa 3a np'bB n'bT 13 no xoHTO H3o6u;o HrMame mwmKBa- yue6Ha nHTepa- Typa; Aa ce ypegm na6opaTOpHH x pa6OTHJMHIgH 3a ytle6HaTa noAroTOBKa HacnyulaTenHTe; Hari-nocne Heo6xoAHMo 6eme Aa ce opraHH3Kpa sia6opaTopaa 6a3a 3a HaytiHoH3cneAOBaTencxa pa6OTa, T. e. Aa ce OCbIUeCTBH eAHa OT ocHorHHTe 3aAatw Ha BoeH- HHTe axaAeMHH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 BCHIIKH Te3H HOBH H cno)xHH 3a,T{agH Tps16Bame g a ce penIaBaT B KT,CH CpOKOBe. IIOCTOHHHaTa onaCHOCT OT B bHIIIHO HanaJZeHHe, HapaCTBaHeTO Ha TeXHHxIe- CHOTO CHa6ASIBaHe Ha BOrICHHTe H HeO6XOgHMOCTTa OT HOBHIIIaBaHe 6oecnoco6HOCTTa Ha B-bOp'b)KeHHTe CHJIH Ha CbBeTCxaTa gbp)KaBa H3HCKBaXa ycHopeHa H MacoBa no rOTOBKa Ha HoMaHJ;HH H BoeHHO-HH)xe- HepHH KagpH. KOMyHHCTHUecKaTa napTH$I H CbBeTCHOTO npaBH- TenCTBO, OIIpeHH Ha HapaCHanaTa MOH Ha CO]RHanH- cTHgIecxaTa g'bp>KaBa, pa3peinnxa ycneIIIHO BCHiIHH THH CJIOHCHH 3aJ;aLIH. Hape,r; C BoeHHHTe axaj(emHH H IHHOJIH napTHHTa pa3r-bpxa HIHpOKO noAroTOBxaTa Ha BoeHHH xagpH xipe3 KypcoBeze 3a yCVB-bpmCHCTByBaxe H Hpenog- roTOBxa .Ha xoMaHgHHH CT,CTaB. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 B cT,orseTCTnHe c HOBHTe.H3HCKBaHHH BoerHHTe uIHOnx cT,ulo 6Rxa no);no>IieHH Ha peopra1i3aLxx H npeT'Lpnxxa roneMH upoMexH. Axo no-pano BoeH- HHTe HIKOnx nO JIFOTB$IXa xa jjpH rnaBHo 3a nexoTaTa --H icasanepHHTa, $uOCnegCTBMe, ycnopegHo c !TeX- HH*IecKoTO cxa6gaBaxe Ha apMxHTa Bce noBege ce H3RHraIne Ha.eJ;Ho OT n'bpBHTe McCTa 3agaKaTa Aa ce nOJIrOTBHT MHOr06pOAIHH BOeHHO-TeXHH?geCKH KaApH 3a aBHaIIHHTa, TaHKOBHTe *iacTH, CB'bp30tlHHTe BoACKH, apTHJIepiiHTa H T. H. OCBCH neHHHrpaJICKHTe 6pOHeTaHKOBx Kypcose IIpe3 TOJ;HHHTe Ha n'bpBaTa neTHJIeTKa 3a nO,T;rOTOBKa Ha KOMaHJ HpH TaHKHCTH 6Rxa C'b3JXaJIeHH H 6poiie- TaHKOBH IIIKOJIH. Cb' BpeMellHo 6eme yselnfxexa Mpe>KaTa Ha aBHaIIHOHHIITe H apTHnepH ICKHTe ytlH-. nHIIIa. Cb3JIaBaHeTO Ha HOBH aKa)IeMHH H BOeHHH yilxnHMa 6euie Haco ieHo rnaBHo KT,M noilrOTOBKa Ha KOMaH) HpH, HH>KeHepH H TeXHHI1H 3a TeXHHLle- CxHTe potKe- xepHo-TexHHUecxuTe cnel;HaJIHOCTH ce nogroTBHxa canto mono 30 npoi eHTa OT CJIyiuaTenHTe, TO B 1934 ron. oTuocwTeJIHHHT 6po1'I as cnymaTeiiHTe B'bB BoeHHO-TeXHHT4eCKHTe allageMHH ClCTaBJISiBaIIIe Hag 70 npoleHTa, IcaTo 6posT jja CnyluaTenxTe BTLB BCH'1KH BoeHHH aKaJjeMHx H BOeHHH 4aKyJITeTH ce Genie yBenxiIxn npe3 T03H nepxoA HHKOnKO n'hTH. OTHOCHTenHHSrT 6pot HSK Ha KypCaHTHTe B'bB BoeHHO-TeXHHLleCKHTe yLlHJIHIILa HapaCHa OT 31,8 IIpogeHTa B 1928 ron. Ha 63,5 npoi enza B 1933 ron. EJ;noBpeMeHHo C TOBa 6eule-pH3Ko noilo6peH AenT$IT npoijec Ha o6y*ieHHe H BTi3nrTaHxc Ha MnaJIHTe o4H- i epcKH KaJjpH B'bB BOeHHHTe yxie6HH 3aBeJ;eHH31. TexHHgecxo o npewbops>Kasaxe Ha C'LBeTCxaTa apmaR, H 4 MOT nOPOgH seo6xoJ;HMocna J;a ce npe- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 pa3rneAaT geI3cTByBangHTe yL1e6HH nnaiione m npo- rpaMH rB CBeTJIHHaTa Ha HOBHTe H3HCKBaHH3I, KOHTO HOBaTa TeXHHKa H pa3BO31T Ha BOeHHaTa HayKa no- CTaBxXa npeA BOeHHHTe xaApH. B yt1e6HHTe nL1aHOBe 3a nOArOTOBKBTa Ha o6H;0- BOfICKOBHTe KOMaHAHpH 6eII1e BKnK)tieHO H3ytlaBa- HeTO Ha MaTepHaJIHaTa tiaCT, C KOATO 6e B'bop' >KeHa C'bBeTCKaTa apMHA. C ueJ1 n0-3aAbJI6otieHO Aa ce H3ytlaBa HOBaTa TeXHHKa OCBeH rpynOBHTe H JIa60- paTOpHHTe 3aHHMaHH31 IIIHpOKO ce npaKTHKyBaxa nOCeUI;eHHA Ha cneI;HaJIHHTe LIaCTH. TaKTHt1eCKHTe 3aAatIH 3anOXIHaxa Aa ce CBCTaBAT C oriiej Ha HOBaTa TeXHHKa, oco6eHo Ha apTHJIepHATa, aBHaI;HATa H TaHKOBHTe BOI1CKH. B'bB BOeHHHTe yge6HH 3aBe- AeHHA 6e nponej eHa 3HagIHTeJIHa pa6OTa 3a noAo6pH- Bathe KatIeCTBOTO Ha HOArOTOBKaTa Ha o4)HTjepCKHTe KaApH. IUeHTpaJIHHAT KOMHTeT Ha napTHATa H CT BeTCKOTO npaBHTeJICTBO HeyMOpHO HacotIBaxa pa6oTaTa Ha BOeHHHTe ytle6HH 3aBeAeHHA K'bM owe no-rOJIAMO yC'bB'bpnleHCTByBaHe Ha y$e6HH51 npo ec H KbM 110- AO6pRBaHe 11o rOTOBxaTa Ha c bBeTCKHTe BOeHHH xaApH. rOJIAMO 3HatleHHe 3a noJo6p5BaHe n0APOTOBKaTa Ha BHCOKOKBaJIHq)HgHpaHH KOMaHAHpH, HH>KeHepH H nOJIHTpa60THHI;H & CT BeTCKaTa apMHA H BoeHHO- MOpCKHA (4JIOT HMaine nOCTaHOBJIeHHeTO Ha I. 14K Ha CCCP ?3a ytle6HHTe nporpaMH H pe>xIIMa BT~B BHCHIHTe IIIKOJIH H TeXHHKyMHTe" OT 19 CCnTeMBpH 1932 ron. C TOBa IIOCTaHOBJleHHe I114K na CCCP HapeAH Aa ce JIHKBHAHpa npeTpynaxocTTa Ha ytle6- HH3i MaTepxaJI B ytle6HnTe 3aBeAeHHA H Aa He ce AonycxaT npomeHH B nporpaMHTe H B ytle6HHTe nna- HOBO npe3 ytle6HaTa roAHHa. Cbc cBOeTO nocTarOBJIeHHe 1111K Ha CCCP 3a- A'bJI>KH BHCLUHTe yt1e6HH 3aBeAeHH3I Aa 060006AT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 B ytie6HHTe CH nJlaHOBe OCHOBHHTe AIICIUHIInHHH, Homo onpeAenHT npo(pxna Ha AaAeH cnel;HamHC', x Ra ysenxtlaT oTHOCHTenHHH .6po* Ha o61uoo6pa3o- BaTenHHTe H o6IIloTexHHtiecKBTe, AxCIIxnnHHH..;,T,0I HapetieHHwr 6pxra,IAHO-na6opaTopeH McTOA Ha o6y- tieHHe 6euie oc eii KaTO HenpxroAeH, HeoCHry- pHBaiu no roTOBKaTa Ha Bxco coKBaj x4)xEHpaHH, nojumigecEH B-b3nHTaHx, BcecTpaHHO o6pa3OBaHH H ICymTypHH xaApx.- KoneKTIBliaTa cpopMa Ha x3nHT- saxe 6euie 3a6paseHa. B Ayxa Ha TOBa nOCTaHOBneHxe HpeycTpoHxa cBo5ITa pa6oTa x BoeIlHHTe yile6Hx 3aBeAenHH. BT.BeAexaTa c peiueHxeTO Ha UMK Ha CCCP CHCTeMa Ha H3TWT- saxe a ? 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BHCUIHTe ygge6HH 3aBeAeHHSI npeyCTponxa pa6o- TaTa ca B c brnacHe C ITOCTaHOBneRHeTO Ha WHK lla CCCP H nocTHrHaxa 3HagITenHo uoAo6pexxe Ha pa- 6oTaTa no' nogrOTOBKa Ha_ XaApHTe. IIpH Bce TOBa 109 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 HeAOCTaT7bgHTe B TRXHaTa yqe6Ha pa6oTa Aaneti He 6Hxa oine npeoAoJleHH. B IOCTaHOBJleHHeTO Ha UK Ha BK11(6) H Ha CHK Ha CCCP OT 23 IOHH 1936 roAnna ?3a pa6oTaTa Ha BHCHIHTe yTIe6HH 3aBeAeHHH H 3a pbx0BOACTBOTO Ha BHCHIHTe mHomi" ce oT6eJuI3Banue, Lie noArOTOBKaTa Ha KaApHTe B-bB BHCIIII4Te IUKOJTH a Bce one He3ago- BOJIHTenxa. Yue6BHTe nJIaHOBe Bce owe 6Hxa npe- TpynaHH H 6axa noAnaraHH BCSIKa roAHHa Ha npo- McHH. 3a peAHI;a BaHKHH AHCI;HHnHHH nnnCBaxa Ao6pn yLie6HHI;H. B cpraHH3al;Hxza Ha yue6HaTa pa6oTa He 6eHIe owe H3HCHB5IH HammiHo 6pHraAHO-na6opaTOpHH5IT meTOA Ha o6yueHHe. IIpeo6na,aBaxa rpynosuTe 3aHSI- THH, KOHTO 3aMeCTBaxa neKI;HHTe. CTyAeHTHTe ce npeTpynBaxa c Apyrn BnAoBe yue6Ha pa6oTa B yll;bp6 Ha T51XH Ta CaMOCTOSITenHa pa6oTa. JInnCBaiiie Heo6- XOAHMHSIT KOHTpOJI B'bpXy H OH3BOACTBeHaTa npaK- THKa Ha CTyAeHTHTe. KOHCTaTaI;I$ITa Ha UK Ha BKII(6) H Ha CHK Ha CCCP 3a He3aAoBOJIHTeJIHOTO C'rCT031HHe Ha noAro- TOBKaTa Ha KaApnTe B1,B BHCInHTe ytiHJInn;a Bawexa H 3a C'bCTOSIHHeTO Ha pa60TaTa BBB BOeHHHTe axa- AeMHH. B nOCTaHOBJIeHHeTO Ha UK Ha napTHHTa H npaBH- TefCTBOTO 6eine Ha6ens3aHa xOHxpeTHa nporpaMa 3a npeyCTpOTiCTBOTO Ha pa6oTaTa Ha BHCHIHTe yLIHJIHu a, HacoxieHO WBM C b3AaBaHe Ha Heo6xo HMHTe yCJIOBHH 3a HOArOTOBKa Ha BHCOKOxBanHCJHI;HpaHH cneT;Ha- JIHCTH, OTrOBap5III;H Han'bJIHO Ha H3FCKBaHHSTTa Ha coiAHaJIHCTHLIeCKOTO CTpOHftJICTBO, CHOCO6Hn Aa yc- BOHT Hat-HOBHTe nOCTH>KeHHST Ha HayKSTa, Aa cBTip- >KaT TeOpHSITa c npaKTHKaTa. B cLrJIacne c IOCTaHOBneHHeTO Ha UK Ha BKH(6) H Ha CHK Ha CCCP OT 23 ToHH 1936 roA. H c'bc 3a- HOBeATa Ha HapO HH$ xoMHCap Ha OT6paHaTa yLIe6- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 HH5IT npOijec BI,B BOeHHHTe aKa) eMHIH 6e npeycTpoeH. C Hail-ronsMa TotiHOCT 6sixa onpejjeneHH_JeJIOHaco- t1eHOCTTa H npo4 Hn'bT Ha nojjrOTOBKa Ha' KOMaH,IjHHTe KajlpH H Ha BoeHHHTe cnelwwanHCTH n%B BcIdtIKHwaxa jIeMHH H (DaKynTeTH. HapaCHarOTO TeXHHtIeCim o6- 3aBe)(jjaHe Ha apMHSITa H3HCHBauie jIa ce IIO4rOTBSIT, jleiICTBHTenHO BInCOI(OKBanx(klljHpaHH CneI HanHCTH, HH)KeHepH C IIIHpOKa o61IIOHaytiHa It O61IIoTeXHHgecRa OCHOBa, nOArOTBeHH 3a CaMOCTOi1Ha TBOptieCKa pa6OTa H 3a Henpew'bCHaTO yC bB'bpnIeRCTByBaHe. ? BBB Bp'b3Ka C TOBa B yt;e6HHTe nnaHOBe Ha BOeHHO-TeX- HHLIeCKHTe aKajjeMHH 6e OTjjeneHO 3Ha'UHTeJIHO no- BegIe BpeMe 3a H3ygaBaHe Ha o619OTeXHHtJjeCHHTe H cne1 HaJIHHTe TeXHHgeCRH jIHCIIHIIJIHHH. BpOSIT Ha jIIICIIHnnHHHTe 6e p5I3KO HaManen. OTCTpaHSIBaUie ce npeTpynafoCTTa B yqe6HHTe nnaHOBe, 6.euie HI,- BejjellO TB'bpAO pa3nHCaHHe Ha neKIIHHTe npe3 ce- McCTpHTe'H npe3 roAKHaTa. McTOAuKaTa Ha upeno- jlaBaneTO H IIRnaTa opraHH3aJAH31 Ha ytIe6HHs npoi ec 6slxa KopeHHO H3MeHeHH. rpynOBHTe 3aHHTHR ce 3ana3HXa caMO npH H3ytIaBaBeTO Ha LIyM(AHTe e3I H, a no BCHt1I(H cCTananH AHCAHnfHHH ce npoBe)uIaxa JteRIIHH H npaKTHt1eCKH 38HHTH$ nog p'IHoBOjjCTBOTO Ha npenojlaBaTeJIHTe. 3anotgHa jIa ce OTjjens n- rOnHMO.BHHMaHHe' Ha caMocTOHTenHaTa pa6OTa Ha CJIyluaTeJIHTe H Ha CTa)KyBaHeTO HM B maCTHTe, KaKTO H Ha IIpOH3Bo CTBeHaTa npaKTHKa. TexyujoTo OTgHTaHe H$ ycnexa 6euae LpexpaTewO. DIjeHKH Ha ycnexa ce nbcTa$BXa canto npH nonaraxe Ha H3nHTH no nei(IuwOHHH're xypcose H Ha 3atIOTH no npaItTHtiecIHTe t~. ` 3a 3aBI.pmIBauIHTe BHCUIHTe yqe6iw 3aseRCHHA 6emue yCTaHOBeP jlzzpx(a- seH H3nHT H 6e BI,Be jjeHB I 6.RHLIHa 3au;HTa Ha jlHn- noMHara pi6oza c jjx(pepeHllllpasa ouexxa I H II cTeneH. 3aB'bpIIIHnHTe axajjeMHuTa c jlHnnOM I CTe- neH HMaxa pe gHr(a npHBHnerHH npH 3aeMaxe Ha Ba- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 KaHTHH AJTb)KHOCTH no cneljxaJIHOCTTa CH, KaKTO H npeHMynjeCTBeHo npaBO 3a 3atiHCJISIBane B aAIOHK- TypaTa (acnxpaHTypa npH BHCUIH yxie6HH 3aBeAeHH3i H HayxiHH HHCTHTyTH). 3aeAHo c Tosa 65ixa Ba6enx- 3aHH MepKH, HacotleHH K1 M opraHH3aIWHOHHOTO o4)op- MSIBaHe H IIOJIHTHLIeCKOTO yHpenBaHe Ha KaTeApHTe KaTO HaI-Ba)KHO 3BCHO 3a ocnrypslBaxe Ha IUefIHH ytie6eH npoijec. 3a pa3rnex(AaHe B-bnpocHTe OT ytie6- Ho-McToAHUeH xapaKTep 6sixa C b3AaAeHH HayuHH c?b- BeTH Ha axaAeMHHTe. B3eTH 6SIxa Cba o MepKH 3a no- BHUIaBaHe KBanH4)HKaAH3ITa Ha npenoAaBaTeJIHTe H 3a 3acHJIBaxe KoHTpona H p'bH0B09CTBOTO Ha neAaro- rHtIecxaTa pa6oTa. IIpocpecopcxo-npenoAaBaTencKHxT CbCTaB Ha BO- eHHHHTe yue6HH 3aBeAeHxs 3anogHa Aa npexapBa no- Be'Ie Bpe1VIe B xiacTHTe, B3CMEI3KH aKTHBHO ytiacTHe B MaHeBpHTe, yueHHSITa H TaKTHLIecKHTe 3aH5ITHsi, KaTO ce o6oraTsrBaiue C OnHTa Ha 6oYIHaTa H noJIHTH- LieCKuTa HOATOTOBKa Ha BOACKHTe H rO H31IOJI3yBaUIe B yzie6HaTa H HayrnHaTa CH pa6oTa. Ho yKa3aHHe Ha napTHSiTa H npaBHTeJICTBOTO nOA- rOTOBKaTa H B'b3nHTaHHeTO Ha BOeHHHTe KaApH 6s1Xa npHro eHH WbM H3HCKBaHHRTa, CB-bp3aaH C TeXHHLie- CKOTO npeBbop'b)KaBaHe Ha apMH31Ta. Oco6eHo rOJISIMO BHHMaHHe 3anogiHa Aa ce QTAaBa Ha B'bnpOCHTe 3a npa- BHJIHOTO H3noJI3yBaHe Ha 6oHHaTa TeXHHKa, OCHO- BaHO Ha 3a)'bII6oLIeHOTO n03iiaBaHe ma TaKTHKO-TeXHH- tieCKHTe I3 CBOIICTBa H Ha yMeHHeTO Aa ce OpraHH3Hpa B3aHMOAeIiCTBHeTO McWAy BCHgIKH po)OBe BOACKH B 6051 H onepaIjHSITa. BOeHHHTe aKaAeMHH H )W3JIHIU,a 3anogHaxa Aa HOArOTBSIT -He CaMO no-roJISIM 6pO I, HO H ,no-Ao6pH KOMaHAHpH. Te 6siXa HCTHHCKa KOBa'IHHI;a 3a noA- rOTOBKa Ha o4 HJ epCKH KaApH H ijeHTpOBe 3a pa3- BHTHe Ha BoeHHOHaytIHaTa MHC'bJI. BoeHHHTe y'ie6Hn 3aBeAeHH51 pa3noJlaraxa c 6OraTH TeXHHLiecKH CbO- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 ps*ceHHH s A06&.; TaB. npo4)ecopexo-npCnO9e- BeftneKH cumH- ,, . -B c% TO Bpe1 4WWVWTH4eCKSTa napTHH IIpO- ' UP BeHtj(ame Orp0MHa cn0 nO rOTOBKSTa m yKpen- BWTO . Hai non ITIIgecRHsl crbcTas. B 1931 ron. 6fEx 3Ha4 TCAHO pa3IIIHpeHH BoeHHO-nOJIHTHtIeCKHTe KypcaHeV I aTO vaCT OT Tax 63lxa npeo6paaysaHH BbB A0 -nonHTHt1CCKH ytrnHWa c j BeroAHmeH CpQK Ha eiytlexne, ' KO6TO ocl4rypsIBaine no-KBanK- 4udUipaH*4 n?AroTOBxa me nOJIHTpa60THNIjiTe.. lpe3 1-932 rOA. KOHTIlHreHrbT Ha CnyIIlaTenUTC B'bB BOemHO-uonli'TxtleCXaTa aKaAeMHSI 6e yBenmtlcH - 4 IMTH:l.Cpaaieiie c 1928 ron. C?atl;eBpeMCHHO no pelHeame ? u s ILK 6Hxa H3npaTewr xa no, IMTHtiecxa pa6ora B SpMHRTa npeAHMHO-OT roneMHTe npeAnpxx- THA HmcoJKO_ XHnSAH nOnHTHt4eCKH noJroTBeHH H ,pa6oTHHIW, nponepellu H 3axaneHH B 60 f ra n$THB TpowglcTHTc H 6yXapIHWITC. a3H M6*nu3awq HS _ napTH HH pa60THHIM, MHO- 31M OT KOHTO 6slxa Ha39atleHH Ha An,)KHOCTH B CT*plnHHI nQJIHTHMeCKH cbcTaB H KSTO npenOAaBa- Tem- no _ cogZaanao-HKOHOMH9ecKHTe AHMIUnuHH', y r 3S IHTCHO UOJIHTHtICCKH$I C'bcTaB He ap- n MHSiTa , H 43IOTfl, pafeijiICH . ycneuIHO 3aJatlaTa no nOArOTOB- Kafia >H$ MHDrO6po6HH KOMSHAHH, BoeHHO-TexuKtie CKH -H nO,IIH?HgeCKH KaApH, napTHATa OTAeniIue ronuMO uHnMaHae He no-HSTaThWROTO noAO6pHBaHe Ha ,cotuanll*sl: CT,CTSB H yBenH4aBaHe Ha napTH'6- IfoTo *apo cpeA xOMSHAaHTe xaApu. 3a nepHoiLa QiPt928 1oA. Ro ron#i 1933 PoA. pa6orHagecKHSIT ene- lco T cpoA. KoMaWtsHTe KaApa HapacHaa; OT 28 npo- I1eu", pro, 42,3 npoAeHTa. TlapTHAROTO RApo, B Ile- AIM, KOM CH' CbCTai. Ce yBejur u C'bOTBCTHO' OT HAP030TRMc1aTe AacuanUIWa a sop6ar. as KoMYaresavacxaT$ aap'raa 1,13 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 55 IpoueHTa Ha 67,8 npoueHTa; olue noBetie Hapacaa napTHAIIOTO 319 PO B KOMaHTHHSI C'bCTaB Ha TexHHL1e- CKHTe pOAOBe BCIICKH. B KOMaHAHHSI C'LCTaB Ha BoeHHO-B'b3gyniHIITe CHnH naPTHI1HOTO i po ce yBCnI41-IH OT 48,1 ripouenza npe3 1930 rof. Ha 75,7 npoueHTa npe3 1933 ron.; B 6poxeTaxxoBHTe BOIi- CKH - C'bOTBeTHO OT 67,9 npOI;eHTa Ha 81,6 npo- ueHTa. Cpeg KypCaHTHTe OT BOeHHHTe yt1HnHIga H IUKOJIH napTHIiHOTO SIApo Hapacna OT 30 npoueHTa npe3 1930 ron. Ha 75 npoueHTa npe3 1933 roj, Oco6eHo ron51M 6e paCTe%'bT Ha napTHI1HOTO si pO B'bB BHCIUHSI H CTapLUHH KOMaHAeH CbCTaB. HanpH- Mep B CTap1UH51 KOMaHgeH C'bCTaB Ha apTHJICpHHTa napTHI3HOTO 51 pO HapaCHa OT 15 npoueHTa B 1928 ro- ARHa Ha 81 npoueHTa B 1932 ron., Ha nCXOTaTa - OT 54 npoueHTa Ha 88 npoueHTa, a Ha 6pOHeTaHKOBHTe BOI1CKH - g O 100 npoueHTa. , IIOCTHTHaTH 651xa ycneXH H B. nOBHLUaB2HeTo Ha BoeHHoo6pa30BaTenHOTO paBHHIIZe Ha KOMaH,i;HHTe KagpH. ARO npe3 1928 rog. cpej BHCUIH31 KomaHgCH C'bCTaB Ce Ha6pogBaxa OKOn0 20 npouenza 3aBTbpuUHJIH BO HHH aKa,;eMHH H aKagemmicci H KypCOBe 3a yC'b- BbpnieHCTByBaHe, TO npe3 1934 ron. Te 65ixa Betie 78,9 npoueHTa. Ho C',LLOTO Bpeme cpeg CTapiul5I KomaHJ;eH CbCTaB 3awbpmHnHTee aKaJ(eMnH H KypcOBe 3a yCbBIpiueHCTByBane CbCTasn$lBaxa 48,2 npo- ueHTa, a 3aBVpLmrnl4Te BoenHH iuxonH - 42,7 npo- ueHTa. B rpynaTa Ha cpe,LHHSi KomaHAeH C bCTaB 81,4 npoueHTa 651xa 3aB'bpu &rIH BoenHH uixonH. Ho TawbB HagIHH 6pOHT Ha KomaHAHpHTe, HH)Ke- HeplTe H nonHTpa6oTHH1 HTe cbC 3aB'bpineno BHCme H cpeRHO BOeHHO, BOeHHO-TeXHHiieCKO H BOeHHO- LIOnHTHgecRO o6pa3oBaHHe paCTeuie BCHKa row4Ha. KaTo yBenI4uaBauie e)KeroJIHO BHnyCKa Ha KoMaH- AHpH, HHxcexepH, nanHTHgCCKH pa6OTHHIIH H Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 KapH OT, BQeHHHTe yLIe6HH 3aBegeHHa, Hae4HO C TOBa. napTH.Ta He orpaHHEIaBawe 6o#HaTa H nonHTRHec IEaTa noArOTOBKa Ha oc)Huepcxxsl CbCTaB canto cpeA. cTeHHTe. Ha axageMHHre, ulxonKT.e H xypcoseTe, a. a xenocpe j[CTBeHo B bB BoAcKHTe. . IH3XOxcRaikKa OT npxHHHna, . Lie 6oecnoco6HOCTTa HA apMHRTa ee,A@MHpa B, ripslxa 3aBHCHMocT OT CTe neHTa Ha 6oflHCTO Ma 3CTOpCTBO H IIOJIHTHLI.eCKOTO cb3HaHHe Ha JIHLIHHSI a c'bCTaB, napTHFITa HanpaBH OT apMxwra IIIKOJIa, B K'OHTO JThILIHHHT C?bCTaB He Como'! ce yuH Ha BoeHHO H3KyCTBO, HO H oBJIaWSLBa Bceno6e)KJja$aI(;OTQ ygxeBHe Ha MapKCH3Ma-JIeHH- HH3Ma, H3Aiira KyJITypHOTQ CHpaBHHII.;e H o6moo6pa7 3oBaTerlxaTa OR noArOTOBKa. B I'ICPMOJ a Ha TeXHHgeCKOTO npCBTOp'b)KaBaHe Ha apMHMTa n pr Ta UOCT8BH' npe}Z Bc#HHHTe xagpH 30a4aTa Aa YIOBHInaBaT H#Cxet14e Aa ce H3non3yBa AOTcrana, Z[oxaTO apMHHTe Ha Ha- InxTe BCP051THH npOT14BHHIJ$ 65ixa CpaBHHTenHO ManKx H B cnytial3 Ha BOAHa wHXa Aa ce H3rpa>KgaT BTBpxy c31a6H xaApH. Ho mom apMHHTe Ha; arpecHB- HHTe AT,pxtaBH 3ano*maxa Aa ce yBe31HTIaBaT AO BoeHHOBpemeHHI pa3Mepx, cbBeTCxaTa RTp>KaBa He MoK(eme Aa noAAbp> a apMHSITa CH B'bpxy CT4pHTe opranH3aIjKCHHx npHHuunnx, TO xaTO axo Te 63ixa 3ana3eHH x 3axanpeA, T51 II;eme Aa ce HaMepH B HeH3roAHO nonoHCexne cnp5IMO apMHHTe OT 4)aIHHCT- RHSI 6310x. TepHTOpHa31Ho-MH31HIAnoHHaTa CHCTeMa He OTro- Bapsllme Beile Ha Hapacxanxze 3?ga*3H, Ha yCJIO>KHH- naTa ce nOArOTOBKa Ha B'bOp b>KCHHTe CIJIH H Ha IHTepeCHTe Ha OT6paHaTa Ha C1 BeTCxaTa A'bpxcaBa, 3aU OTO npH Mo6xn143agng HaIIIHTe cT.penxoBH LIaCTH H cieAxxeHHH 6nxa ce x3rpa)Kgann Ha 6a3aTa Ha Mano 6pol4HH H cne)OBaTeJIH0 cna6n xaJpn. OpraHH3Hpa HOCTTa H 6oecnoco6HOCTTa Ha Te314 BOcICHH 6xxa 6x3114 nocpeACTBeHH. H3KnIOLIlTenxaTa MOW Ha C bBpe- McHHaTa TeXHHKa, TpyAHOTO I3 oB31aASIBaHe, C31O>K- HaTa CHCTeMa Ha BOCHHO o6yxleHHe npw HOJIO>xeHHe, LIe BOAHHTe He ce O6SIB$IBaT, a 3anogBaT BHe3aHHO - BCHLIKO TOBa npaBeme TCpITOpHanHO-MnnnrAHonnaTa CHCTeMa 3a IloIrb31Bane Ha CI BeTCKaTa apMHSI HeOT- rOBapsiu a Ha 3aAaxIXTe x HHTCPCCHTe Ha HamaTa OT- 6paHa. Taxa ce no5IBH Heo6xo)HMOCTTa Aa ce BHecaT KO-' pexxx npoMeHH B OpraHx3aljx5ITa Ha BT Op'bxcexxTe CH31H, 3a Aa ce AOBeAe CT,CTOSIHHeTO Ha CbBeTCKaTa apMH$1 B CbOTBeTCTBxe C Hy>KAHTC Ha HOBHTe ycno- BHH H C HapacxanaTa MOIIW Ha CbB TCxaTa Abp>xaBa. HOBHSIT 3aKOH 3a O61IjaTa BOeHHa HOBHHHOCT H3X0>K-.' game HMeHHO OT Te3x HOBH 3aAauH H yC31oBHSI.- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 I Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Bi ocfoaa yKaaafHsrra Ha' 1 eHTpanHHSi' KOriinie' Ha' napTHHTa 6eiue pa3pa6oTex HOBHsiT3axoH aa c 6iuara BOeHjta T1OB8,HHOCT",' npHeT Ha H3B'bHpezlHaT IV cecHsr Ha B%pxo8nns1 -c%aeT Zia CCCP, mcrositra ce Ha 1 C eMBpn 1939 ron. To3n 3aK0*1-1 Aos'bpin 3anotr8JIOTO , of a npe3 1.935 Fog. OTMeHsiBaBe' Ha TepHTOp11aBHd=MHJ1KAHOHHaTa cfICTeMa 3a H3rpaxt- i aHe Ha CineTCKaTa apMHSI H yTBT pg iimngoTo itpe MiHaBaIie Ha apMHHTa K'sM eAHHHKR KaJjpOB n1inH= I(Hn Ha non'bnBaite. 3aiowI T 3a o6HjaTa BoeHHa nOBHHHOCT He CaMO Lte` yTBZapAjH IIpeMHHaBaHeTO Ha: C'ttneTCKaTa apM 5r Imm. e)x1HHaTa KajjpoBa CHCTeMa, no rtpeJ;BHJ;sI' H peAHt;a Ba)I(HI'I MeporIpnsITnsi, HacoileHH K'bM nOBHHIaBaHe 6oecn0006HocrTa Ha CTiBeTCKaTa apMHsi ` ii BoeHko' - MOpcKHSi OJIOT. CirlIacno KOHCTHTyIUI$ITa, f(OSITO npoBI3rJIack BoeHHaTa ciiyw6a 3a no4IeTHO3aJjtJIH(eHHe Ha BCHtiKH rp&MCA Hlx Ha CCCP, He3aBHCHMO OT KJIacoBaTa HM npHHaJjJIe}(HOCT, ' 3aKOH'bT ycTaHOBSIBaITIe e'gHHeH' peA 3a npeMHHaBaHe Ha BOeHHaTa Cny)K6a OT BCHXIKH rpa Ic afH, Ha C'IiBCTCKHSI C'b103. 3ax0HiiTHaManstBaInc Ha6opHa'ra B'b3paCT C eAHa roAHHA, a 3a n14ata c nbnno cpeAHo o6pa30BaHxe c 2 roAK j11, cneAobaTenxo apMng a Tpa6Bahe J;a,ce non'bJIBa c Mirae)KH Ha Bb3paCT 19'H 18 roAt3HH. Tom ocnrypsIBafne Ha CTaBeTCxaza apMHSI J(on'bnHH TeJIen eAnoroAHnieH XOHTHHreHT OT Mnagexr. OcBeit TOBa ,noBnnnaneTo Ha MJIagencnTe B apMnnTa Heno- cpeJjcTBeHO ciieA CB'bpIBaHeTO Ha cpeAHoTO yie6Ho 3aBe,1jeHHe J;aBame Ha B'bop B)KeHH e` cnrIH resISiM HpHTOK OT Jjo6pe uo? rOTBeHa MJnaJje)K, OT X114fiTO cpe, a ce nOIt'1anBaxa TexaHtIecnBTe H CneilHannnTe ~00n, KawTO 14 BOenHHTe IIIKOJIH H ytniJIHnja, 3afcowbT y$eimnaname CpOKa Ha Jje1CTBHTeJIHaTa. CAp n6a 3a MJIaAtunTe KOMaHJjnp11 B Cj+1i0II-b'1iH13Te` 1;35 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 IBOACKM OT 2 Ha 3 rOAHHH. Ieuie yBenHtleH cpox',T Ma cJly)E6aTa 3a i;enxx pe,i;oaH C bCTaB B aBHaJ.;HHTa, (bnOTa H rpaxnuHHTe BoIICHH, B HOHTO nopagH oco- 6eHHSI xapaKTep Ha cnyxKaBa, Aa 3acxnsaT He1 - HaTa HKOHOMHtIeCKa H Boexxa MOUj. 1H3KnIOLIHTeJIHO BaWHO 3HaLIeHHe B pa60TaTa no yxpennaneTO Ha oT6paHHTenxaTa cnoco611ocT Ha ci- BeTcxaTa Arpxcana HMaxa peUleHHHTa na XVIII xoH- rpec Ha napTHHTa H Ha XVIII Bcecv1o3Ha IIapTH1Ha KoH()epeHI#IH. 138 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 :- XVVIII KoH4pec ma - HoMy1iHcTxmec1aT f napra c'bcro i ce npes Maps 1939 roy., H3pa6oTn nporpaMa 3a no-HaTarbmHOTO RBH)HeHHe Ha' co1HanxcTHeecxoTo 06u(dcTBo no nbTn' Ha 3aB'bpmnaEe CTpOHTenCTBOTO Ha COI 1IaJIi3CTHT3eCKOTO O6n;eCTBO H . nocTenennoTo npeMHHaBaHe OT coUHaJIH3Ma W1 M KOMyHH3Ma. KaTo 0T6ena3a, qe CCCP, cc npeBwpxa'fl He3aaH- CHMa B HKOHOMHtieCKO OTHOmeHHe CTpaHa, KOATO MOxce Jja ocorypH Ha CTOnaHCTBOTO H Ha OT6paoaTa CH BCHiiKH - HeO6XO) HMH TexH",gecxH c opb)Keuxq, XVIII napTHex Hoxrpec YTB'LpAH TpeTHfi neTTOgH- Inen nnSH 3a paaBHTHe Ha, HapOAHOTO' CTOHaHCTBO Ha CCCP. To3H nnaH nIpe, BHxcIame orpoMex nojjeM B'bB BCHLIKH OTpaCJIH Ha, HapO,t;HOTO CTonaHCTBO H no- HaTamnrno yxpenBaHe. oT6paHaTa oa CCCP. XVIII KOxrpec nOCTaBH npeA KOMyaKcTHLICCIc Ha LIepBeliaTa ap- MHH, o6oraTRBaHe Ha BoeHHaTa MHCbn, pa3BHTHe Ha BO,,cHHOTO H3KyCTBO H Ha 601fHOT0 yC'bB'BpIIIeHCTBy- BaHe Ha KaApHTe Ha LlepBeHaTa apiwR."1 B H3nbnHeHHe yxa3aHHHTa Ha napTHHTa KOMaHAH- pHTe it nonHTHgecxxTe pa6oTHHI 1 noCTHTHaXa PR31(0 nojo6pexxe B TaKTHtIecxaTa nOATOTOBKa Ha BOif- CKHTe H 3ano4x8xa Aa R npoBe)KAaT B CJIO)KHH yCJIO- BHH; Boi'ICKHTe cc npHytlnxa Aa? 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B OCHOBaTa Ha yLIe6HHx npoi ec 6eule nccTaBeFIa npaRT11 CxaTa nOJ;rOTOBKa Ha n0- JIeTO. 3a ga ce np1 6JIH>KH L 5iJIaTa OrneBa H TaKTHLIeCKa HOJ1;rOTOBKa 90 yCJIOB115ITa Ha 3I4MHaTa noxogHo-6oI3Ha o6craHOBKa, BoeIIHHTe ygIHJIHma HaJIH3axa 'Ha no- npOABJI>KHTeJIHH 3HMHH IOABH>KHH JlarepH. B pe- 3yJITaT Ha npeyCTpOI3BaHeTO Ha yLIe6HO-MeTOgHLIeC- KaTa pa6oTa BoeHHHTe aKaJ;eMHH H yLIHJIHIIla 3anOLi- Haxa ga gaBaT J(c6pe r1oJjroTBeHH KaJjpH, BJIageeu;H TeOpHHTa H npaKTHKaTa Ha BOeHHOTO J};ejio. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 BoeHHo-yge6HHTe axaAeMxx cna6ARBaxa apMWATa c_ o4mn epcKH KaApH C BHCOKa OnepaTH$HO-TawTH- vecxa H cneltxaima TIOArOTOBKa, nonBTHgecRH rpa- MOTHH, npeAaHH Ha COI;HanHCT$QecKaTa poAuHaH'Ha KQMyHxcTHtzecxaTa IYapTx!, HanbJmo noiroTBeHH 3a caMOcTORTenHa pa6OTa BwB BO CKHTe. . KaKTO OT6enH3a H ,IIpaBAa" OT 5 Malt 1940 roA., IIp1 AT,pHaBHxTe H3nxTB Ha BHnycxa or 1940 eroA. B ApTxnepxltcxaTaa mxona' ,, Z . E. A3epwinc*i "" no-roxxMaTa gaCT OT cnyulaTenrTe noxa3axa 3aR7n- 6o' eHo n03HaBaHe Ha TeOpHtcTa H npaKTHxaTa' Ha ap- TOnepHltCKOTO AenO, Ha MaTepx'??ann~~xaTa g1CT 9 Ha MapK4 CHCTKO-neHHlcxaTa. TeOpH$I. l%1H03HHa BnaAeexa Ao- 6pe gy)KAH e3HIXH. Ha A1p)KaBHHTe H3UHTH Ha BHnycKa OT eCCHTa Ha 1940 roA. no-TOJIHMaTa gaCT OT KypCaRTHTC $inpexo HapacnanoTC B3HCKBaHHH B CpaBHCHHe c MlnlanmTe roAHHH nonygnxa BHCOHH ogeHHH 3a no3HaHHRTa CO no `OCHOBHHTe BoeHHH AHCI;HnnrHH. OKono ? 75 npoueHTa :oT BHnyCKHHIIHTe B HexOTHHTe ygIxnHIAa 1439'bp)Kaxa H3ITHTa no TaKTHKa H OrHeBO Reno c ,,OT- nHgeH" H ,Ao67,p". HO CTpoena nOArOTO})Ka TaKHBa OIueHKH nOny'xxa 90 Ha CTO OT MnaAmHTe neltTeHaHTH. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 3AKJIIOXIEHHE CBeToBHo-HCTOpHtIecKHTe no6eAx Ha CTbBeTCKaTa Abp>KaBa H Ha He#HxTe B1 op wexx cHnH BT,B BenH- KaTa OTetIeCTBeHa BOAHa nOTBT,pAHXa no 6e3cno- peH HatiwH npaBHJIHOCTTa H HaytIHaTa O6OCHOBaHHOCT Ha H3pa6oTeHaTa OT napTHHTa CHCTeMa 3a nogrOTOBxa x B-b3nHTaHHe Ha BOeHHHTC KaApH. KOMyHHCTHtIecKaTa napTHR n0Ar0TBHU1e BHHMa- TCnHO H rpH)KnH$O KOMaHAHHTe H nonHTIIgeCKHTe KaAp1i Ha apMHHTa H (pnOTa, ytIenIe rH Ha H3KyCTBOTO Aa no6e)KAaBaT Bpara. BOCHHHTe KaApH Ha CT,BeTcxaTa apMHH H BoeHHO- MOpCKHB 4)nOT ce B'b3nHTaBaXa B Ayxa Ha Ha#-npO- rpCCHBHaTa, CTaBeTCKaTa BoeHHa HAeo.uorifi H BoeHHa HayRa, H3rpaAeHa BTapxy rpaHHTHaTa OCHOBa Ha MapKCH3Ma-neHHHH3Ma. B C'bn(OTO BpeMe npH nOA- rOTOBxaTa Ha CbBCTCKHTC'BOeHHH KaApn ce H3nOn- 3yBaine BCHtIKO 1eHHo, KOeTO e Aano BOeHHOTO H3- KyCTBO B MHHaJIOTO. 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IIOArOTOBKaTa Ha C bBeTCRH BceHHH KaApH 6e BHHarH eLHH OT HaI3-CJIO)KHHTe npo6JIeMH npH H3rpaHc aHeTo H yxper.BaHCTO Ha B-bop b KeHHTe CHJIH Ha CCCP. CnHTIT Ha KOMVHHCTHgeCKaTa napTHR Ha CT.BeT- CKHSI C'bIO3 B H3rpaHC,IZaHeTO H yKpenBaHeTO Ha B'bo- pTb)KeHHTe CHJIH HMa McH(AyHapoAHO 3HageHHe. CTpa- HHTe c HapojHa AemaxpaigHSi H3HOJI3yBaT OHHTa Ha HaniaTa napTHR B CTpOHTeJICTBOTO Ha counaJIH3Ma, BT,B BCHLIKH MeporIpHHTHSI, HacoueHH KTLM yxpen- BaHe Ha HKOHOMHtJeCKaTa H BOeHHaTa MOI11 Ha Az~p- waBa.Ta, B TOBa LIHCJIO H Ha He11HH3I onHT B nogrOTOB- KaTa H B'b3nHTaHHeTO Ha o4 HljepcHHH C-bCTaB. Hari-BaweH pe3yJITaT OT BTopaTa CBeTOBHa BOI3Ha 6enie KOpeHHOTO H3MCHeHHe Ha Me)KAyHapo naTa o6- CTa.HoBKa B HOJI3a Ha AeMOKpaIjHBTa H cc1;HaJIH3Ma. ,aHeC CCCP He e Bede eAHHCTBeHa coijHaJIHCTHxiecKa A'bpxcaBa B CBeTa. MewLyxaporHaTa H3OJ1aL(HSI Ha C'bBeTCKHH C'b103 npHHaJJIe)KH Ha MHHanoTO. 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MacwTe Ha HeyTpona ti npoTOFta ca npH6JIH3HTenHO eAHaxBH H ca OROno 1800 n'bTH no-roJTeMH oT MacaTa Ha enexTpona. Ha 4 Hr. 7 e noxa3aH CTpoesKTT Ha aToMHHTe RApa fldpomo re cbcmou om npomolu u 0 HeympoHu G) Roabpod XeAUu fH' 2He4 0 Aumuit 3LI7 cuz. 7. CT Poem Ha a1OMHHTe Agpa Ha BOJ.Iopo){a, xejmH H nHTHH Ha Boi;opoija, xe.In3H H JIHTHH. B $IApOTO Ha BOAO- pOAHHH ATOM HMa CaMO e)HH npOTOH H HHMa Hey- TpOHH, CJIeAOBaTeJTBO UPOTOH'bT ce BBHBa KaTO HApO Ha BoAopoAa. $IApOTO Ha xenHeBHST ATOM ce CbCTOH OT ABa nPOTOHa H ABa HeyTpOHa, a HApOTO Ha JIHTHe- BHH ATOM HMa TpH npOTOHa H LIeTHpH HeyTpOHa. Ax0 pasrneJaMe McHAeneeBaTa Ta6nIn a, u e 3a6e- 7IeHcHM, tie IOpeAHHHT HOMep Ha eJieMeHTa, T. e. BOMep'bT Ha Ta3H KJIeTKa, K'b4eTO e pa3HOJTOSKeH eneMeHT7bT, e paBeH Ha 6pOST Ha IJPOTOHHTe B SIApoTO. TOBaP'bT Ha eiiexTpoHa e Haft-ManKOTO cbiiXeCTBy- BaHaO B npxpojaTa OTpHgaTeJIHO KOJIHLIeCTBO eJ1eK- TpHtTeCTBO, 3aTOBa geCTo ro HapHtI2T eJieMeHTapeH TOBap. 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TaHa HanpHMep aTOMHOTO terno Ha Hten5I3OTO e 55, 85, Ha MegTa 63,54 H T. H. 2. PAAHOAKTHBHO PA3 IAAAHE HA ATOMHHTE HAPA Cneg roneMHTe OTKpHTH$i BT,B 4MI3HKara, Hanpa- BeHH B xpax Ha MHHaJIEg Bex, H3ytzaBaneTO Ha aTOMa, oco6eHo as HerouOTO sggpO, ce pa3BHBa 6-bp3O. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 B 1895 roAHHa HCMCKHSiT (HH3HK PCHTreH OTKPH HOBH n'btiH, npHTe>KaBafl H CIIOC06HOCTTa Aa npeMH- HaBaT npe3 pa3JIHLIHH nperpaTH. Te3H n'btiH, KOHTO IIonytIHxa HaHMeHOBaHHeTO peHTreHOBH n'btn3, HaMe- pHxa nlHpo co npHnO>KeHHe 3a H3cneABaHe B-bTpe- IHHHH CTpoe>K Ha TenaTa. PeHTreHOBHTe JrbgH AefI- CTByBaT Ha I)oTOrpad)Ha nnaxa, 06BHTa B tiepHa xapTH5i, npeAH3BHKBaT CBeTeHe (JIyMHHeci eHIjHSI) Ha MHOrO BenjeCTBa H HpaBSIT B'b3Ayxa npOBOAHHK Ha eneKTpHtieCTBOTO. 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CneA HsixoJIKo AHH, CHOMHnIIKH CH 3a TOBa, TOi npOBepHJI Ta3H nnaKa m OTKPHn tIyAHO SIBneHHe. Ha (poTorpa( - HaTa nnaKa ce nOHBHn nceH 06pa3 Ha naptieTO Beige- CTBO, C-Abp>Kamo ypaH (4)Hr. 8), B'bnpeKH tie Benje- CTBOTO He CTO5InO Ha c,PbHLje. leKepen HanpaBHJI Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 fpegnono)xeHHe, vie CbU.eCTByBaT HOBH ypaHOBM JIiLIH. Cne91;BaII(HTe oIIHTI3 OKOHLIaTeJIHO ro y6eAHJIH, LIe BeIgeCTBaTa, cb bp)KaII;H ypaH, H3IIyCKaT HSIKa- .KBH HeBH9HMH JI'bLIH, ROHTO H0906HO Ha peHTreHO- BHTe JrbgIH MHHaBaT Hpe3 gepHaTa XapTHSI H Jjefi- CTI3yBaT Ha (poTorpa(nHaTa HJlaxa. 'uz. 8. 06paa Ha napme or ypaHoBa pyga B'bpxy 4ororpac4aa nJISKa OT ypaxoBHTe JrbtmH ce 3aHHTepecyBa.na MapHx CxJIa,T;OBCxa-KIopH. B pa6oTaTa, H3BT~pWeHa OT MapHSI KiopH, B3eJI ytlacTHe H HeftHHSIT M'b)K - IIHep KIopl. )]Be rO HHH cneg ozxpHBaxezo Ha ypaxoBHTe JII, H, B 1898 roAMHa, Te yCTaHOBHJIH, xIe He caMO ypaH1T H3IIycxa oco6eHH mim. B 'pe3yJr- TaT Ha yHOpHTa pa6OTa'Te OTKpHJIH ABa HOBH XHMH- LIecKH eJIeMeHTa: nonoHHift, Ilape'ieH Taxa B tIeCT ma IIOJIIIIa - pogHHaTa Ha MapHx CKJIa,LoBcxa, 23 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 H pal Tik, xoeTO o3Ha*3aBa ?nTLtIHCT" (,,pagHyc" Ha naTHHCxH o3HagaBa ?n'LLI"). IIOJIOHHHT H paJjxtiT H3nyCKaJIH HeBHAHMH n'btll3 one no-HHTeH3HBHO, HO rlpHpo,aza Ha Te3H H3J ThtBaHHSI ocTanana HeH3- BeCTHa. 3anoLlHano ce H3cnegBaxe Ha CBO CTBaTa Ha OTKpH- THTe J1'btlH H eAHOBpeMenHo C TOBa ce H3cnegBaJ CBOI3CTBaTa Ha HOBHTe eneMeHTH. 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JIHCTtleTaTa Ha enewTpocxona OCTaBaT Jj'bJlro pee OTJjanetleHH, o6atle JjOCTarI,tIHO e Jja ce nOJjHece KTDM eneKTpocHona BeIIjeCTBO, KoeTO c,bg,bpxca ypaH, H JIHCTtIeTaTa 3anOtIBaT Jja naJjaT - eneKTpocxon-bT ce H3npa3Ba. Ilpntlnna 3a ToBa ca I3oHHTe, KOHTO ce o6pa3yBaT B'LB B'b3Jjyxa noJ; ,ijeT- CTBHeTO Ha ypaHOBHTe J ThtIH. EJjxa qacT OT AOHHTe HOCSIT IIOJIO)XHTeneH TOBap, JjpyraTa tIaCT - OTpH- IjaTeneH. AKo eneKTpOCKOIrhT e 6Hn HaTOBapeH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 nanpHMep C OTpxuaTeJ1Ho eJlexTpxgecTBo, 1< M nHCT. neTaTa aanoLIBaT ga ce npHBnxtiaT noJIo)KHTejnmTe foHH. Te OTHeMaT OT n}CTxIeTaTa HegocmranmTe HM eneKTpOHH H ce npeBp1n aT B HeyTpanEH Mone- KYJHI H aTOMn. TOBapST Ha eneKTpoCKOna ce HaMa- nsIBa H JIHCTgeTaTa 3anOgIBaT ga nagaT. EneKTpocRo- n'bT ce H3npa3Ba TOJ1KOBa nO-67,p30, KOnnOTO IIO- HHTeH3HBHO e H3nTLIBaHeTO. 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ToH o6nvxmn xoHtaTa Ha p xaTa CH B npogbn>KeHHe Ha peceT Baca, KoeTo Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 JjoBeiio AO C'bnjHTC nOCJICACTBHSI: nogepBCHHBaHe, B7,anaJleHHe, OTH HTa paHa H JIetreHHe, KOeTO npOJ(6JI- )KH7~JIO LIeTHpx Mecelja. fO-K7iCHO cc H33ICHHJIO, tie pa) HeBHTe JrbgH MOraT Jja OKa3BaT H noJIe3H0 Jje11CTBHe. npH IlpaBnJIHo H3fOJI3yBaHe Ha pa) HSI (B MaJIKH ,Ijo3H) c Hero MoraT Aa cc JIeKyBaT pa3JIHtIHH 3JIOKageCTBeHH TYMOpH. BsrlpexH MHorOTO CBe,E enhH 3a CBOIICTBaTa Ha pagHeBHTe H ypaHOBHTe Jrbim, 3a TSIXHOTO Jje ICTBHe H pa3npocTpaxeHHe, B-bnpOC'bT .3a npnpoJjaza Ha Te3H JrbgH npe3 TOBa pee ocTaBaji HeH33IcxeH. 3a J;a cc H331CHM T03H BMnpoc, 6HJi HanpaBeH ciie);HHSIT onHT. 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Te3H gaCT14I111, KOHTO 6sixa CLInTaHH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 M npomo4t 138 NeympoJa 2npomom 2 ueympola A()po Ha padue6 amour (m6epdo 6eusecrn6o) A AAOa --eacmueya Q/ 2 c6o6oamu 1 ..ukmpoHa 66 npomok@ 136 t.eympoxa AmoM ua xeAux 80 npomoHa- 118 ne~LMpotra cut. 10. ropHaTa 4acT Ha cpHrypaTa - )IApeno npeBpuuaHe Ha paAHH B pa)HoH (ancpa-paanapane); AoJIHaTa aacT Ha cpH- rypaTa - HApeHo npeBp ,n;aHe Ha pa.HoaHTHBHHH ATOM Ha aiiaTOTO B HCHBageH aTOM C OTAeJIHHe Ha 6eTa-gaCT i a (6eTa-pa3naAaHe) 3a eiieMe)rrapHH, c-LIuo Taxa ca cnoxclln eacTHnH. C TeOpeTIMIH H OIIHTHI3 H3CJIeRBaHI3A e AoxaaaH0, tie HeyTpOHST MO)xe ,I;a ce iipeBpi,iua B npOTOH, ene}TpOH H HeyTpmHO, a npOTOH1T - B HeyTpOH, n03HTpOH H HeyTpnHO. HeyTpHHOTO a tiacTHua, }O)ITO HSMa eJIeRTpHtlecKH TOBap c Maca, MHOrO no-MaJIxa OT MacaTa Ha enex- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 'rpoxa. ja ce Ha6JIToAaBa HeyrpHHOTO e haBSH peuHO TpyAHO, T'bt3 KaTO Ta3H LIaCTHija npaKTHtiecKH He B3aHMOAeI3CTByBa C Beu eCTBOTO. n03HTpOH'bT NMa Maca, paBHa Ha MacaTa Ha eneK- TpoHa; TOBap'bT My e paBeH Ha TOBapa Ha eJIeKTpoHa, HO npOTHBOHOJIO)KeH no 3HaK. KoraTO paJHOaKTHBHOTO Ben eCTBO H3nycKa enex- TpOH, B HAPOTO CTaBa pa3naAaHe Ha HeyTpona. ToBapvT Ha 59pOTO ce yBe HgaBa c eAHHHI;a, Tbt KaTO ce yBeJIHtIaBa c eAHHHI;a H 6p0$IT Ha npOTOHHTe B Hero. npn H3nycKaHe Ha n03HTpOHH B aTOMHHTe 3igpa cTaBaT npeBp-biuaHm Ha npoTOHHTe. SIApoTo, KoeTO e H3XB'bpJIHJIO n03HTpOH, HMa TOBap, c eAH- HHT;a no-Ma.IbK, noHe)Ke B Hero ce HamaJ15n3a 6pO31T Ha npOTOHHTe. 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We npHBe. eM npHMepH 3a npeBp'bujaHHHTa Ha H30TOrIHTe Ha pajjHH H 'npoTa1cT11HH3I, HPII HOHTO ce H3nycxaT raMa-JTbgH. 88Ra223-+ 86Rn219+2He4+y; 91Pa234 -92 U2 +4N +y. ,aOCTa IieCTO ce cpenja OCO6eH BHA paWTOaxTHB- HOCT - eJIeKTpOHHO 3aJIaB$iHe, T. C. 3aJIaBSIHe Ha eJIe}TPOH OT aTOMHOTO HZ[po. Hai3-geCTO eJIeHTpOH ce 3anaHH OT K-cJIOH, 3aTOBa TO3H. BHA pagHOaKTH- BHOCT 0614KHOBeHO ce HapHtia? K-3aiIaBSime. HpH 3anaBBHe Ha eJIeHTpoJT egHH OT npOTOHHTe Ha 51APOTO ce npeBp ba a B HeyTpoH, cneAOBaTeJIHO c'bII{O I(aKTO H npH II03HTpOHHOTO. 6eTa-pa3nagaHe To$apbT Ha HAPOTO ce HaMansiBa c egi4HHI(a. EJICKTpOHHOTO 3ajiaBHHe nonxxora ce npHI;py>KaBa C. H3nyCKaHe 'Ha rama-JI'b in. We JjaJjeM ABa npHMepa Ha K-3anaBHHe HpH paAHO- aiTHBHHTe H3OTOnH Ha >KCJIH3OTO H HHKeJIa. 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IIepxoA Ha noJrypa3naRaneTO ce Hapitra BpeMeTo, 3a xoeTO ce pa3naRaT noJroBHHHaTa OT BcngKH aTOMH Ha RaReno paAHOaKTHBHO BeugecTBO. KOHcTaHTaTa Ha pa3naJaueTO Moxce Ra ce H3pa3H Hpe3 nepHoAa Ha noJrypa3naRaxeTO: 0,693 ~`- T ToraBa ropenocoueHOTO CbOTHOUreHHe uje HMa Manxo no-Rpyr BHA: 0,6931 N=Noe T 3a npaKTHLrecKH H3LrHCJreHHH TO3H H3pa3 MO)Ke Aa ce npHBeRe B no-yRo6eH BHR: I N N=No . 2_T = No ? (2) 2T 110 TaKbB Ha 1,2H3 aKTHUHOTO t=T, To N=0,5N0; t=2T,,, N=0,25N0i t=3T,,, N=0,125N0 H T. H. HatHH cJreR H3THLraHe Ha BpeMe, paBHO nepHoAa Ha rroJrypa3naRaHe, o77 paRHO- BeU CTBO OCTaBaT c'boTBeTHo 50, 25 H 12, 50/0. BpOfrT Ha aTOMHTe Ha paRHOaKTHBHOTO Ben;eCTBO, KOHTO ce pa3naRaT 3a eAHHHUUa BpeMe, Onpe4enRT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 alTHBHOCTTa HJIH CKOpOCTTa Ha paAHOaxTHBHOTO pa3naJaxe. Axo HMaMe N(paAHOaKTHBHH aTOMH H e H3BeCTHa KOHCTaHTaTa Ha pa3naAaxeTO X, aKTHBHOCTTa a MOH( Aa ce onpeAemn3 no cpopMyrlaTa: _0,693 T u_ 0,693 N T (3) B13 OCHOBa Ha cpopMynaTa (3) Mowe ga ce Hanpa- B$IT Asa MHOro Ba>KHH H3BoAa. 1. AKTHBHOCTTa Ha AaAeHO BeigeCTBO e HponopLuHO- HaiIHa Ha HerOBOTO RoJnfvecTBO. KOJIKOTO no-roJIHMo e KOJIHiieCTBOTO Ha paAHOaKTHBHOTO BeuueCTBO, TOJI- HOBa no-rOjm o e pa3naAaHeTO H TOJIKOBa no-roJIAM e HHTeH3HTeTST Ha H3JISXIBaHeTO. 2. AKTHBHOCTTa e TOJIKOBa nO-rOJIaMa, HOJIKOTO no-MaJrbK e nepHOA'bT Ha nOJIypa3naAaHeTO Ha paAHo- aKTHBHOTO BeII;eCTBO. Aa BHAHM Kama e aKTHBHOCTTa Ha 12 paaHI Ra2S6. IIpeAH BCHLncO TpH6Ba Aa ce onpegeJn3 6POHT Ha 'aT.oMHHTe xgpa N B -1 z paAHg. H3BeCTHO e, qe B 1 rpaM-ATOM OT AaAeH eneMenT ce cbA-bp3KaT 6,02. 1025 aTOMa. A rpaM-aTOM ce HapHqa onoBa xoJIHLIeCTBO OT eJIeMeHTa, LIHeTO TerJIO B rpaMOBe 'IHCJIeno e paBHO Ha HeroBOTO aTOMHO Teruo.' 3a ga ce HaMepH 6pos1T Ha rpaM-aTOMHTe, xpx6Ba o6MOTO Teruo G, H3pa3exo B rpaMOSe, ga ce pa3AeJIH Ha aTOMHOTO Teruo.; Torasa N=G . 6,02. 10$5. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 3a paRHSI A=226; G=1 z; T=1590 roAHHH. CJie- AoBaTeJ1HO 0,693 a= 1 .6 02 . 1023 226 1590. 365.24.3600 = = 3,7. 1010 pa3rxaAaHHSI B cexyHAa. no TaKT.B HaqHH B 1 z Ra226 excecexyHAHo ce pa3naAaT 37 MHJIHapAa aToMa. Aa ce H3mepH aHTHBHOCTTa C 6pos1 Ha pa3na,Ija- HH5ITa B eJjHBHIja Bpeme e H3BbHpeAHO o6eMHcTa pa6oTa. KaTO egHHHL(a axTHBHOCT e npHeTa axTHBHO- CTTa Ha TaHOBa xOJIHUeCTBO pagHoaHTHBHO Bene- CTBO, B xoeTO CTaBaT 37 MHJIHapJ7a pa3naJjaHH3I B 1 cex. Ta3H eAHHHIja ce HapHtia xlopH. HoHxxora ce H3HOJI3yBaT H npOH3BO9HHTe eAHHHIjH - MHJIH- KIOpA H MHxpOKIOpH, - paBHH C-bOTBeTHO Ha 37 MHJIHOxa H 37 xHn5AH pa3naAaHH3I B 1 cex. Cbne- CTBYBa one ewHa eAHHHqa 3a aRTHBHOCT - peAT,p- cpopA. EAHH peAbpcpapA aRTHBHOCT oTroBapx Ha TaxoBa xoJIHUeCTBO paAHoaHTHBHO BeneCTBQ, B HOCTO BCSIKa cexyHJja ce pa311agn no 1 MHJIHOH aToMa. HOHe}Ke 6pO31T Ha paAHOaKTHBHHTe aTOMH B pe3yJITaT Ha pa3naAaHeTO HeHpeK1CHaTO ce HaMa- J13IBa, TO H aHTHBHOCTTa C TQLIeHHe Ha BpeMeTO CbnO ce HaMaJISIBa : _ 0,693t _ t a=),Noe T =),N,.2 T. (4) C HaManHBaHe aHTHBHOCTTa Ha paAHOaKTHBHHTe BeneCTBa H HHTeH314TeT-bT Ha H3JI'bgBaHeTO HaMa- JISIBa. CxopocTTa Ha pa3naAaHcTO Ha paAHoa1THBHHTe BeneCTBa ce cpaBHHBa HO T$JXHaaTa OTHOCHTeJIHa a}THBHOCT, T. e, no aKTHBHOCTTa Ha 1 2 BeneCTBO. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Pa/HOaKTxeBOCTTa. Ba 'xHMHgecIxTe eneMenTH, KOHTO ce epen aT B rcpxpoIaTa, e rcpHeTO Ra ce BapHxxa' ecTecTBeHa paZjHOaKTHBHoCT,a eneMeHTHTe - ecTe- cTBeBO'paljHoaKTHBHH eneMeHTH. B Ta6n. 1 ca npx- BeAeBH xapalTepHCTHKHTe Ha H5KOIi eCTeCTBeHO pagxoaxTHBBH eneMeHTH. Ta6nxua 1 Xapawrepxrrxxx xa icon ecTecraeao paAsoaxTunuE .a vac-..: v Ka,nr;H# 48 0,178 1 Bexa-nn~H .,L. .2.1016 roA. , Py6HAH# 8727,8 61,5 Mnp);. roA. Bexa-Jm'rn Ijxpxoxt~i& . 96 2,8 6,2.1016 roA. Hera- mTn o or Hera-nmgH Kanarl 124 6,11 1,5 5.1017 roA. BomppaM. 180 0,126 2,2.1016 roA. Ancpa-natH BHCMyT 209 100 2,7.IO10 roA. Ancpa-n~~H TopBfi 232 100 13,9 MnpA. roA. Amps-jmgg YpaH . 235 0,714 { 713 MJIH. roA. Amps-dm u Ypalc . . .. 23899.28 4,5 MnpA. roA. Ancpa-nz~qH 3Q.. o I V M V p I a B ICMGH1'A. - . o o N $ 0 C nepaoA n nonypaanaj~axexo BwA as 1 3wb Banero .u ,q tYu~?` C Kam 40 0,011 1,2 M3IpA. roA. Bexa-irwiH, ' raMa-n aYH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 3. H3KYCTBEHO HPEBP73MAHE HA EJIEMEHTHTE B 1919 roAHHa axr m tciHSrr ytreH PegLpcpopj npvB ycrrx Aa npeBLpHe aTOMHTe Ha eAHH eJIeMeHT B a1OMH Ha Apyr. KaTo ?cxapigH" 3a agpena 6oM- 6apAHpoBHa 6HJIH H3nOJI3yBaHH a3x4a-tracTHI;H. IIpH C6JrbcRBaHe Ha aJx4)a-uacTH1;HTe C HApOTO Ha a3oTHHSH ATOM Ce nOJIytraBa 51 O Ha xHCJIOpOAeH ATOM H npOTOH. Atom mucnopoe Puz. 12. 5 Lpeno npesp'bnxa1e Ha asoTa B xacnopOA HpOI;ecT;T Ha $3aHMogericTBneTO npoTHtIa npH- 6T1H3HTeJrxo Taxa. AJxf a-tgacTHn;aTa, nonajaftKH B 31APOTO Ha a3OTHH3i aTOM, ce 3a1IaB$I OT Hero. HOBOTO $IApO, ROeTO CTaBa MHorO HeyCTOt3gHBO H B'b36ygeHO, H3XBLLp.ISI npOTOH. RApOTO, HOeTO e H3nyCHaJIO npOTOH, ce npespbn;a B HApO Ha xlCJlopo.eH aTOM (4)Hr. 12) c MaCOBO tnlcno A = 17. TadHBa npeBp'biaHHH Ha aTOMHHHTe Hgpa ce HapntraT sigpeHH peaxuHH. AJxpa-gacznI;HTe, xaxTO H L;pyrnTe tracTHI;H, HOYITO HOCHT eneHTpHuecxH TOBap (npoTOH, enexTpoH H Ap.), npH npeMHHaBane npe3 AageHo Belr;eCTBO 6 bp3O 3ary6BaT CBoxTa exepri B pe3yrrraT Ha B3aHMO- Ae rCTBHeTO HM C eJle}TPOHHTe H aTOMHHTe $IApa. 'KoraTO a.x4a-gaCTHgaTa npeMHHar3a 6J;H3HO AO HApOTO, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 nocoxaxa Ha ABH)KCHHeTO ft ce ,H3MeHR. C TOBa ce o6RCHRBa (paxTT,T,, tie OT CTOTHIM XHJIRAH H Aaxce MHJn3omi asr(pa-gacTHI;H camo eAHa nonaAa B HApOTO H npeAH3BHKBa HApeHa peaRI nR. 3aTOBa He e TpyAHO Aa ce pa36epe, tie : noilygaBaHeTO xa xaxvB Aa e, eJIeMeHT HO H3KyCTBeH HatmH CTpyBa MHOI'O CKT,nO. B HatIaJIOTO H3rJ1e)KAame npHMaMJIHBa HanpHMep peaiu iiRTa 3a rIOJiyLIaBaHe Ha 3JIaTO OT )HHBaK, HO ce .oRa3a, ge TaROBa H3KyCTBeHO nOJlytieHO 3JIaTO CTpyBa 3Hatn3TemIHO no-CWbHO OT O6HKHOBeHOTO 3JIaTO. Ronno)KeHHeTO CT,nXeCTBeHO Ce H3MeHH c ieg OTxpH- BaHeTO B 1932 rogkHa OT aIraHrici H d)H3Hx xlaABHr Ha maCTH1 H, KOHTO He HOCRT HHKaKT,B eJIeHTpngecRH TOBap - HeyTpOHHTe. HeyTpoHHTe.cBo6ogHo, ripe MHHaBST npe3? eJIeKTPOHHaTa 06BHBKa Ha aTOMa n ce cpeuAaT C HerOBOTO SIApO, 3aTOBa RApeHHTe.peaxijHH C HeyTpoHH ca MHoro no-yCnenIHH, OTKOJIKOTO peaK- nKHTe c. tiacrinnH, KORTO _HOCRT e.IeKTpRgeCKH TOBap. B 1934' roAHHa cDpeJepxx )KOJIHO-KIOpH 3aeAHo c xtexa cH HpeH )KonHo-KIopH, HanpaBHxa roJIRMo . bzxpETHe - 3a H ThB n'LT 6Rxa nonytienH paAHO- aRTHBHH eJIeMeHTH no H3KyCTBeH HT,T. TOBa OTKpH- THe 3aeJHO C OTKPHBaHeTO Ha HeyTpOHHTe no ci,u e- CTBO ce BBHBa Hatia.IO Ha ROB elan B pa3BHTHeTO Ha aTomHaTa (pH3HKa. KIOpH HOAJIOHCHJIH Ha 60M6ap,gHpoBRa c aJi(pa- LIaCTHI;H aJIyMHHHeBa nnacTHHxa. IIJIacTHHxaTa H3- nycxaJia HeyTpoHH, HOHTO BeAHara H3ge3BaJn3, njoM xaTo ce npexpaTRBan noToxT,T OT aJI(pa-LIaCTHgH. HapeA c HeyTpOHHTe ce OTgeJiHJIH H nO3HTpOHH, npH xoeTO H3JT 'IBaxeTO Km npoA'7Jn>RaBano H ciieg xaTo 6HJi npeMaxxaT H3TO iHHKT,T Ha aJI4a-tiacTHgH. EpORT Ha H31IyclaHHTe H03HTPOHH Ce H3MeHR no CT,MHR 3aKOH, no ROf3TO ce H3B'LpfBa pa3naAaxeTo Ha eCTeCTBeHO paAHOaKTHBHHTe enneMeHTH. B pe3yJI- TST Ha TaIKaBa pear;wi 6HJi uoJIytIeH H3KyCTBeHO Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 paAHOaKTHBHHSIT H30TOH (15P30), KOI3TO, pa3iIa- AafIKH Ce, AaBa r103IITpOHIIO H3JITbXlBaHe. CxeMaTa Ha peaHIZH5ITa e cJIeAHaTa: 13A127 = 2He4 -' 1sP30 + onl; anyMHHHH ancpa-vaCTHua 4)occpop HeyTpoH 15P30- 14`130+N'F. 4 oc4 Op CHJIHIIHH r1O3HTPOH 11O-x'bCHO tlpe3 H3nOJI3yBaHe Ha HeyTPOHH 3a SIApeHH npeBp-blI aHHSI Moxcaxa Aa ce rroJlyuaT paAHO- aKTHBHH H3OTOHH He caMO Ha CbmeCTByBaIgHTe eJIeMeHTH, HO Aa 6T,AaT OTKpHTH H HOBH eJIeMeHTH. Bsixa nOJIyLIeHH eJ1eMeHTH C nO-Te>JKH s1Apa OT ypaHa, IIo-paHO McHAeJleeBaTa Ta6=ua 3aBLpIHBame c ypaH. HoBonojlyuerHTe eJIeMeHTH 651xa Hape'-IexH c.neAypaHOBH HJIH TpaxcypaHoBH. Ha MexcAyxapoAHaTa xoxc epeHI1HSI 3a MHpHOTO H3HOJ13yBaxe Ha aTOMHaTa eHeprls1 ()1_eHeBa, 1955 r.) 6eme noTB'bpAeHO He caMO OTxpHTHCTO Ha 99-TH31 H 100-HH51 eneMeHT, Ho ce CT,0611W H 3a OTxpHBa- HeTo Ha 101-BHSI e.nemeHT. B LIeCT Ha rojieMHTe yxieHI3 A IHu ai3H, (DepMH H McHAeJIeeB Te3H TP11 eJIeMeHTa 6slxa HapeueHH a IHIL aI3HH'~I (E - N2 99), 4)epMHK (Fm- Ns 100) H McHAeJIeBHH (Mv - N4 101). HpH exepreTHUHHTe I33LIHCJICHH3I exeprHHTa Ha OT-. AeJIHHTe AApa e no-ygo6HO Aa ce H3pa3slBa He B o61.I;onpxeTHTe -eAHHHI[H (xanopxsl, xHJIorpaMoMe- Tb H Ap.), a B CneuHaJIHH CAHH1411H - eJIeITpOH BOJITOBe (C'bKpaTeHO - e6) H MeraenIexTpOHBOJITOBe (c'bxpaTeHO - Mee), U PH xoeTO 1 Mee = 106 ee. 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PeaK1A143i, HOSITO 3aIIOLIBa B pe3yJITaT Ha BI,HnIHO B'b3AefICTBHe H nO-HaTaThx calla ce nog- A-bp>Ka, ce HapmIa Bepnw a peaHun5I. B AageHHn cJlytia I HMaMe BepHxcna peaKuxsn Ha geneHue Ha sI) paTa - BepHxcna ggpeHa peaHI4Hsi. BepH>KHH xHMHUecKH peaxuHH ca HanpnMep ropeneTO (peaK- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 1I43i, npH KOHTO ropc1IgOTO 'BeIuecT'BO Ce CSegHHSIBa c xHcnopoga) H JeiCTBHeTO Ha B3pHBHHTe BeigeCTBa (peaKuHSI, npH x03ITO ce pa311araT HeycTo lHBHTe MoneHyJIH Ha B3pHBHHTe BeII;eCTBa). 3a ga Moxce BepnxcHaTa sigpeHa peaKunsi ga He 3aTHxHe, Tps16Ba ga ce cna3BaT orlpegeneHH yc.ilo- BHSI?. r1pegH BcI4HO ca Heo6xogHMH BelueCTBa, aTOMHHTe slgpa Ha KOBTO MoraT ga ce geJlnT nog ge rCTBHeTO Ha HEyT OHH., TaKHBa BeigecTBa 3a- cerA ca gBa 1430Tona Ha ypana (ypaH 235 H. ypaH 233) H n;IyToHH1Y 239. HeyTpoHHTe, xoHTo ce H3rryc- cxaT npH zjeneHHeTO, ce pa3JIHTaT C pa3JIHLIHH CKO- pOCTH - OT 2 go 20 000 1tM/ceK. Horn IeHHTe Be- igecTBa ce geJISIT OT HeyTpOHH,. KOHTO Ce gBH)KaT C Bc5iKaXBH CKOpOCTH. 3aTOBa Te ce H31IOn3yBaT 3a SlgpeHH eHCIIJI03WBH. HMa BeluecTBa, HanpHMep ypaH 238, TOpHI1 232, KOHTO ce gejigT CaMO nog gelCTBHeTO Ha 6Jp3H HeyTpOHH; HanpHMep ypaH 238 ce geJIB CaMO nog gef3CTBHeTO Ha HeyTpOHH, to sITO eHeprI35I e no-ronsiMa OT I Mee (cKOpocT Ha gBllxceHHe mono 12 000 FM/cex). B npoueca na gene- HHeTO ce OCB06o>xgaBar MHOrO TaxHBa HeyTpoHH, o6a,qe Te 6bp3O 3ary6BaT CBOSITa exeprxsl npH c6nbc- I($aHeTo HM C slgpaTa Ha BeigecTBOTO. OcHeH TOBa, HoraTo xeyTpoxnTe HMaT ronsiMa eHeprnsi, BepoxTHO- cTTa 3a sigpeHa peaxunsl H 3anassre e Manxa, Han- gensIBa npouec-bT Ha pa3cefkBaneTO, npH KOI TO HeyTpo- HHTe 6'bp30 3ary6BaT cHosTa eneprnsl. BeposTHocTTa 3a geneHKeTO Ha ypaH 235 cc 3a6aBsmeTO Ha HeyTpo- HHTe HapacTBa, a B ypaH 238 geneHHeTO ce npexpa- VIBa, igOM KaTO - eHeprHSITa Ha HeyTpOHHTe cTaHe no-MaJIKa OT 1 Mee. npH geneHneTO Ha sIgpaTa HeyTpoHHTe MoraT ga P3neT3IT HaBbn OT ypaHOBOTo napxie, 6e3 ga cpeII(HaT no CBOSI H'bT HHTO egHO Hgp0. KOJIKOTO no-Mamcp e KOJIHLIeCTBOTO Ha BeIUeCTBOTO, B xOeTO npoTHga Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 BcpHHCHaTa AApeHa peaxijHA, TOnKOBa noBe'le Frey- TpOHH ce ry631T, H3JIH3ath u OT Hero B rIpOCTpaH- CTBOTO. CneAOBaTeJIHO KOnHtIeCTBOTO Ha AeJIAaaOTo ce BenjeCTBO TpA6Ba Aa 6LAe AOCTaTTbtIHO rOnAMO. Hai -MaJIKOTO KOJIHLIeCTBO AeJIAHIO ce BemecTBO, B KOeTO MO>Ke Aa npOTexie BepH),KHa AApeHa peai(HH, ce HapHiia KpHTHLIHO KOJIHgeCTBO HJIH_ HpETHtiHa Maca. HeyTpoHHre MoraT Aa B3aHMOAefICTByBaT He camO c ypaHOBHTe AApa, Ho H c AApaTa Ha Apyrx eneMelITH, KOHTO ce HaMHpaT B ypaxa B'bB BHA Ha npHMeCH. HpHMeCHTe MoraT Aa norimigaT HeyTpOHH H C TOBa Aa npeLlaT Ha xoAa Ha AApeHaTa peaRLjHA, 3aTOBa ypaHT,T TpH6Ba Aa ce OLIHCTBa OT Bc iKaICBH HpHMeCH. 3a AApeH eKCIIJI03HB MoraT Aa 61,AaT H3fOn3yBaHH ypaH 235, ypaH 233 H nnyToHHH 239. OT TAX B npHpO- AaTa ce cpeuja camo ypaH- 235, H TO B MaJiRO xoJm- LIecTBO. O6aue rnaBHOTO 3aTpyAHeHHe B H3110n- 3yBaHeTO Ha TO3H H30TOn Ha ypaHa ce CBCTOH He B TOBa, Lie TOi3 ce cpeuja B Man-co xojiHLIeCTBO, a B TOBa, LIe ce c?bAvp>Ka B ypanoBaTa pyAa 3aej i-io c Apyr H30TOrI Ha ypaHa - ypaH 238. BBB BCeRH TOH LiHCT McTajmgiecKH ypaH, nonyLleH OT pyAa, Hma npH6JiH3H- TenHO 7 K2 nex H3OTOn H 993 KZ TexcbK. jja OTAeJiki ypaH 235 e TpyAHO, TbrI KaTO H3OTOHHTe HMaT eAHa- KBH XHMHgeCKH CBOi3CTBa n MoraT Aa 67~AaT pa3AeneHH no 4)H3HLIecRH McTOAH, OCHOBaHH Ha TeXHHTe TerJIOBHH pa3nHLIHA. JJa pa3rJleAaMe GCHOBHHTe C4H3HK0-XHMHLieCKH H paAHoaxTHBHH CBOi3cTBa Ha ypaHa. t-IHCTHAT ypaH npeACTaBJIABa CBeT-bn, MHOrO Te)K'bK McTan c OTHO- CHTenHO Term 18,7 2/cm3. C xnciiopoAa ce c'beAH HABa MHOro HHTeH3HBHO. IIpH o6HKHOBeHa TeMnepa- Typa ce oKHCJIABa no noBT~pXHOCTTa. JIeCHO ce pa3- ?TBapA B pa3pe,eHa csIpxa H coJIHa KHceJIHHa. Tones ce B HHepTeeH ra3 npH TeMnepaTypa 11309 (>Ken5130TO Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 ce Tom npH 15350); B npHCbcTBHe Ha KHCnopOJ npH Taxai a Temnepazypa TOR 6'bp3O H3rapsi. ToBa ca CBORCTBaTa Ha npHpoAHH$ Hepa3AeJIeH ypaH. CBOR- CTBaTa Ha H30TOIIHTe Ha ypaHa (ypaH 235 H ypaH 233) ca MHOro 6JIH3KH Ao oHHcaHHTe. II n y T O H H H T e OTKpHT cpaBHHTeiiHO HeoTAaBHa (Bxpax Ha 1940r oAHHa) H H5{KOH HerOBH CBORCTBa ca owe HeAOCTaT'bLIHO H3yLIerH. Toil e manxo no- Te>K'bx OT . ypaHa. HerOBOTO OTH&HTeJIHO Terno e 19, 8 z/cM?. Tones cc npH 6400 TeMnepaTypa. YpaHTTT H nnYTOHHHT ca paAHOaKTHBHH eneMeHTH. npH pa3naAaHeTO CH H3nyCKST an(pa-LIaCTHIjH c eHeprHSi OKOJIO 5 Mee. HepHo bT Ha noJlypa3naAaHeTO Ha Team eneMeHTH e TOJIKOBa rOJ UIM, Lie fO3BOJIHBa Aa cc Cb3AaBaT 3anacH OT AenxujH ce MaTepHaJin. TaKa ypaH 235 Hma nepuoA Ha nonypa3naAaHe 713 mJIH. roAHHH, ypax 233 - 163 XHn5IAH roAHHH H nnyTO-. HHHT - 24 xHnHAH roAHHH. KOJIKOTO n0-ron5iM e nepHOA'bT Ha nonypa3naganeTO, TonxoBa no-6aBHO cc pa3naja AaAeH paAHOaKTHBex eneMeHT. AKO ce B3eMaT eAHaHBH TerJIOBHH KonHLIeCTBa OT H30TOrIHTe Ha ypaHa H nnyTOHHSI, TO 3a eAHO H CbnjO BpeMe nJIJTOHHSIT H3IIyCKa 29 000 n'LTH noBe'ie an(pa-a-, CTHI1H, OTKOJIKOTO ypaH 235, H 6 nvTH noBeTie, OTKOn- KOTO ypaH 233. IIpr pa6oTa c paAHOaKTHBHH Be- IIjeCTBa ce B3eMaT CneijnaJIHH MepHH 3a npeAna3- BaHe OT TeXHHTe H3JrbgBaHH51. IIJIyTOHHSIT He ce cpeuja B IlpnpOAaTa. TOR cc nonytIaBa H3KyCTBeHO B HApeHH peaKTOpH, HapHLIaHH VeCTO aTOMHH KOTJIH. Aa pa3rneAaMe KaK ce noJiygasa nnyTOHHHT B ypaHO-rpa(~HTHIiTe peaKTOpH, KOHTO ce H311On3yBaT Hal-LIeCTO (d)-Hr. 15). OCHOBHa HerOBa LIaCT e ax- THBHaTa 30Ha, npegcTaBnHBauja rpad)HTeH 6nox, B LIHHTO OTBepCTHSI ce nOCTaBSIT HP-bXIKH OT npH- poAeH ypaH. Fpad)HTLT CJIy>KH 3a 3a6aBmIe Ha Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 HeyTpoHHTe, oTAenxn;H ce npH J ene 'TIeTO Ha ypaHa. RaTO 3a6aBIITeJI moral ga 67,gaT H310JI3yBaHH H ApyrH Jlexn BeIIZeCTBa, HOITO 'CJIa6o norJI-Bn.[aT HC- yTpOHHTe, HanpHMep TexKo6eH npH6op, CHa6AeH C peHTreHona neHTa. C TAX Te KOHTpOnHpaT o6JITitIBaHeTO. (DOTorpa(DHHHT /A03HMeT'bp nO CBOSITa KOHCTpyK- IIHA e MHOrO npOCT H AOCT-bneH H B'bnpCHH TOBa He ce H3nOn3yBa B HOneBH yCJIOBHA, noHeHxe mHaHTa ci,;IbpHCa ronRMO FOnHLIeCTBO BOJjopoJL. 3aTesa e Heo6xo HMo xaMepHTe (MaTepHaJrbT Ha CTeHHTe H H3H'bJIBaUjHHT ra3) Jja ca eKBHBaneHTHH no TTbKa1. 3a perHCTpHpaHeTO Ha OTJjeJIHHTe HMHynCH, 1OHTO cc Cb3JI B T OT OTCxauaIAHTe RJjpa, T. e. 3a 6poeHe Ha 6-bp314 HeyTpOHH, MOraT Jja 6'bjjaT H3HOJI3yBaHH cHe- IjHanHH ra30BH 6pORgH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 nOTOK OT 6aBHH HeyTpOHH Ce H3MepBa c ra3OBI1 6pox'Ill, Han WIHeHH C, HSIKoe c beaHHeHHe Ha 6opa. O6HKHOBeHO 3a Ta3H ue3 ce H3HOJI3yBa 6opeH TpH- cpJryopHA (ra3) - BF3. Mowe Aa Ce I33noJI3yBa u HSIKOe TB7bpAO CbeAH- HeHIIe Ha 6opa (Harlpnmep 6opoB Kap6HA B4C), KOeTO ce nocTaBH B'bB BHA Ha T'hH-bx CJIOIt Brbpxy nOB'bpX- H0CTTa Ha e3eKTpoAHTe. Bop'bT npHTeHtaEa cnoco6- HocTTa Ao6pe Aa nor3-bIAa 6aBHHTe HeyTpOHH, npH xoeTO ce H3B'bpIIIB2 C3eLHaTa peaKIZHSI: 5B'? + 0nl -, 3Li7 + 2He4 . JIHTHeBOTO SiApo n a3cpa-uacTlluaTa ce pa3JTHTaT B pa3JIHLIHH CTpaHH H o6pa3yBaT npH nnbJIHO rlor3'b- Iuane Ha T5IxxaTa erleprnH 0x0310 80 000 ABOAXII ROHM. BOpHH5IT 6pollu owe Aa ce H3IIO33yBa 3a 6poexe Ha 6'bp3H HeyTpOHH, aKo npeABapHTe3HO rH 3a6aBHM C napa4MmeH nnaCT, nOCTaBeH OK030 6posma. HeyTpOHHHTe 6po5ItlH, nocTaBeHH B HApeHHTe peaKTOpH, n03B035IBaT aBTOMaTHXIHO peryimpaxe Ha pa6oTaTa. 3aTOBa e HeO6XOAHMO Bb3HHKBaI9H51T B 6pOSILIHTe IAOHH3aInIOHeH TOK Aa ce npeAaIe cnej yCH3BaHeTO My Ha C'bOTBeTHH 143nb3HHTe3HH Mcxa- HH3MH, CB'bp3aHH c pery3HpalwiTe H aBapn IHHTe np'bTH. B HSIKOH cnytIaH 3a pernCTpHpane Ha HeyTpoHH MOMCe Aa ce H3no33yBaT paAHOaKTHBHHTe HHAHKa- TOpH. ATOMHHTe Hgpa Ha H5IKOH CTa6HJH14 H3OTOnH rlorJrbIUaT HeyTpOHH H CTaBaT pawHOaKTHBHH. He e TpyAHO Aa ce H3MepwT H33'bLIBaHH3ITa, KOHTO AaBaT Te, no eAHH or noco'TeHHTe no-rope HaurHH. Ho pe- 3yJITaTHTe OT H3MepBaHHSITa Moxce Aa Ce H3LIHCJIH IleyTpOHHHSIT UOTOK, KOATO a AeHCTByBaJI Bbpxy HHAHKaTOpa. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 II. OSI4A XAPAKTEPHCTHKA HA ATOMHOTO OP1)KHE ATOMHOTO opT,xCHe e Taxosa opT,>CHe, TIHeTO Aei.- cTBHe ce OciOBaBa Ha H3nOJI3yBaHeTO Ha BTLTpeUIHO- slApeHaTa (aTomnaTa) eueprHSi. Tx ce oTAenH xaRTO ripll $iApeHHTe peaxlarH C B3pHBeH xapaxTep nopaJH AenenneTO Ha Te)xxHTe aTOMHH RApa (Ha ypaHa, Ha HnyTOHHsI) HJIH c"beAHHHBaxeTO Ha neHH aTOMHH HApa (H30TOnH Ha BOAopoAa, Ha nHTHH), Taxa m HpH HocTeneHHOTO pa3naJaHe Ha a.TOMHHTe xrpa Ha pa- AHOaxTHBHJ TC BenjecTBa. HMa Asa BHAa aTOMIHO opbwne: aTOMxo op%, iKne c B3piBno ReICTBHe - aTOMHH (ypaHOBH H Hny- TOHHeBH) H BOAOpoAHH (TepMOxjpenn) aBHagIIoHHH 6om6H, apTHnepHAcxH cxap5IAH, IIeyrIpasnslemH H ynpaBJI eMH caMOJIeTH cnapngm, TOpneAa H paxeTH, cna(5AerrH C aTOMHH 3apxJH (cpnr. 21), H 6oiHn paAHoaxTHBHH BeIYjecTBa - CnelrHaJIHO npH- roTBeHH paAHoaxTHBHH CMecII B-bB BH9 Ha TetIHOCTH H npaxoBe, C ROXTO moral ija ce cHapSIAaT aBHaZjHOH- HH 6om6H, paxeTH H peaHTHBHH MHHH (q)Hr. 22). ATOMHOTO OpT,H(He C B3pHBHO Ae1CTBHe Cny)ICH 3a pa3pylnaBaHe Ha pa3JIHLIHH o6e}TH H cbopv)xeHHg, 3a yHHII(O)ICaBa-e Ha 6oirh Ta TexHHxa H nopa3BBaHe xa xopaTa. BOHHHTe paAHoaxTHBHH BeujecTBa cJly- )xaT 3a 3apa3srEaFre Ha ,AICCTHOCTTa H B-b3Ayxa c uen Aa ce nopa331T xopaTa. 1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 (Pus. 22. H3IIOJI3yBaHe H3 SCrIHIITe pauloa:cTHBHH Beu ecTBa Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 1. ATOMHO OP bKCHE C B3PHBHO AEItCTBHE ATOMHa 60M(Da. IIO? BbHmeH BHA, pa3MepH H Terno aTOMHaTa 6oM6a He ce pa3JIriTiaBa OT 06HKHO- BeHa aBHa1Honxa 6om6a. AToMHHHT 3apRA Trpx6Ba Aa 6rbAe KOHcTpyHpaH Taica, me B AaAeH MOMeHT B Hero Aa MO)Ke ycneluHO Aa ce pa3BIie BepHwxa s pe$a peaxr;Hx. KaxTO Belle ce xa3a, MHHHMaIIHOTO xonHLIecTBO Aenaujo ce Be- HWeCTBO, B xoeTO Mo)Ke Aa npoTetIe BepH)KHa SIApexa peaK1w51, Ce HapHTda KpHTHTIHa Maca. 3a Aa Mo)Ke peaKuHSTTa Aa ce pa3BHe'Hanbnxo cHrypxo, o6igaTa Maca Ha 3aps1Aa Tps16Ba Aa 6-bAe no-rojiama OT xpH- THLIHaTa. 06age aTOMeH 3apRA, KOY"TTO no KOJIH- TieCTBO e paBeH HJIH no-rOJ Hlm OT KpHTHTIHaTa Maca, He e Bb3MO)KHO Aa ce CbxpaHflBa, TO xaTO B Hero MO)xe Aa Bb3HHKHe Bep13X(Ha HApexa pea}aw5i nog AeICTBneTO Ha HeyTpOHHTe, KOHTO ce HaMHpaT BbB B'b3Ayxa, B pe3ynTaT Ha xoeTo we ce 1IpeAH3BHKa npe>xAeBpeMeHHa eKCIln03H51. 3a Aa Ce 1436erHe npe lc eBpeMeHHaTa eHCnn03H51, 3apHA'bT Tp516Ba Aa 6bAe pa3AeJIeii Ha H$i}OnKO TiaCTH, Taxa Tle BCHKa TIaCT Aa 6-bAe no-MaJIKa OT xpHTHTixaTa. AKO 3apsi)'bT e no-MairbK OT xpHTHXIHHSI, Be- pHn(Ha peaKIXH51 B Hero e HeB'b3MO)Ke Aa ce pa3BHe BepH>I;Ha RApeHa peaRLIHR. IIpl TOBa Macaza Ha 3ap iga ce yBe.IHLLaBa MFIoro no- CHJIHO, OTKOJIKOTO HeroBaza nOBbpXHOCT. LLa ce BspHeM KIM HpHMepa C K1,J16OTO. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Axo Ri n6oTo ce pa3AenH HaHOJIOBHHa, TO BCSIHa HeroBa TiacT IUe Te>KH 5 K2, a HOB1pXHOCTTa fl we 6Tbae 235 cbt2. CneA CbeAIIIIHMHeTO Ha ABeTe TIaCTH B e,IZHa Ter- nozO Ha 33pxRa we 6T4Ae 10 K2, a HeroBaTa noBVpx-? HOOT - 314 cA42. 3HatrH MacaTa Ha 32pxRa ce yBe- nHTiaBa ABa HTbTH, a nOB-bpXHOCTTa - c2MO c 34?/a. 111oM MacaTa Ha 3apsija_ cTane nO-ronnMa OT KpH- THTIHaTa, MHrHOBeHO 3aHOTIBa BepI13KIIaTa a)pe-ia peaxunSI. CxopoCTTa Ha peaHunSITa e TOJIKOBa ro- nHMa, Lie npO1 eC-bT Ha Z[eneHHeTO CBJ pHIBa caMO 3a HSIKOJIKO MHnHOHHH TIaCTH OT CeKyHAaTa H HMa xa- paKTep Ha B3pHB. BCHTIKH TiaCTH Ha 6oM6aTa ce MOHTHpaT B IIn'bTHa MaCHBHa O6BHBKa. O6BHBKaTa Ha 6OM6aTa rior rJ wa paAHoaKTHBHHTe H3nTb1IBaHHH OT ypaHa Him IInyTOHHn. Pa6OTaTa c aTOMHaTa 6oM6a e 6e3onaCHp nopaAH TOBa, Lie TA HMa MaCi1BHa o6BHBKa. Ocr>eH TOBa o6- BHBKaTa yBeiiHTIaBa MOH;HOCTTa Ha B3pHBa, HnH KaKTO Ce Ka3Ba, KoecpHIjHeHTa Ha 143IOn3yBaHeTO Ha 3apxRa. BepH>HHaTa peaKuHSi He o6xBaiua BCHTIHH aApa Ha 3apxRa. IIpH AeneHHeTO Aa>xe Ha Manxa TiaCT OT 3apHAa ce OTAensi orpOMHO xonngeCTBO eneprnx, p513KO ce nOBHHIaBa TeMnepaTypaTa H Ha- nSiraHeTO, B pe3ynTaT Ha KOeTO OCTaHanaTa TIaCT OT 3apSIAa ce pa3nHTa, 6e3 Aa BCT'bnH B peaKLHSI, T. e. He YCHABaI3KH Aa eKCnJIOAHpa. IInMTHaTa MaCHBHa o6BHBKa go H3BeCTHa CTeneH HaMan5IBa paWIHMIeTO Ha 3ap3iRa (B HaLIanHHH CTaAIII3 Ha peaxuHSITa) H c TOBa yBenHTIaBa CTeneHTa Ha HerOBOTO H3HOJI3yBaHe. B ASicHaTa TIaCT Ha c4HrypaTa e npeACTaBeHa Apyra cxeMa Ha aTOMHa 6oM6a. T1CJIHHJoTO ce BeHjeCTBO e pa3AeneHO Ha TpH gaCTH, ABe OT KOHTO, KaKTO H B HpeAHHSI CJIyliaR, ca nOABH>KHH, a eAHa (B I1eHT'bpa) e HeHOJBH>KHa. ct opMaTa Ha TiacTHTe e TaKaBa, TIe CneA 3a,IZeftCTByBaxeT0 Ha B3pHBaBaIIJOTO yCTpO1 CTBO Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 cc o6pa3yBa o6uga maca B'bB BHA Ha xsn6o. Pa3Ae- n3IHeTO Ha 3apRAa Ha TpH LiaCTH Aana B'L3MO)KHOCT Aa cc yBeJIHLiH HOnHLieCTBOTO Ha AeJ1HIJ OTO cc Be- igeCTBO H cneAOBaTenHO Aa cc HOBHIIIH Mon HOCTTa Ha aTOMHHH B3pHB. HpneTO e MOI1 HOCTTa Ha aTOMHaTa 60M6a Aa cc H3pa3RBa B TpOTHJIOB exBHBaJIeHr, KOATO Cc SIBRBa H xaTO XapaxTepHCTHKa Ha xaiiH6bpa Ha 6oM6aTa. TPOTHJIOBHRT eKBHBaneHT Ha aTOMHaTa 6oM6a e TernOTO Ha TaR'bB TpOTHJIOB 3apRA, npH eHCHJI03H$I Ha HOHTO cc OTAen$ CbIIXOTO KOnHLieCTBO eHeprHH, KOJIHOTO cc OTAeng npH eKCIInO3H3lTa Ha AaAeHa aTOMHa 60M6a. TporamonHRT exBHBaJIeHT MOHCe Aa CC H3LIHCJIH, xaTO cc Mae, Lie HpH AeneHHeTO Ha BCHLIKHTe RApa Ha eAHH xHnorpaM ypan ce OTAena TOJIKOBa exeprHSI, HOJIKOTO npH B3pHBBBaxe Ha 20 000 M TpOTHJI. 3acera HMa aTOMHH 60M6H C TpO- THJIOB eKBHBaneHT OT HRKOJIKO XHnRAH AO HRKOJIKO CTOTHgH XHJ3 H TOHa. ATOMHHTe 60M6H, XB'bpJICHH Ha. $1IOHCKHTe rpa- AOBe XHpOIUHMa H Hara3alH, xa}TO H Ha aTOna BHKHHH B THXHH oxeaH, ca HMaiiH TpOTHJIOB CHBH- BaneHT OKOJIO 20 000 m. Ho npeAnOnaraeMH AaHHH, ny6JIHxyBaHH B LIy)xAHR negaT, 06IIJOTO TerJIO Ha 3apRAa B Te3H 6oM6H e 6Hno oxoJio 50 KZ. KoecbHgHeH- TST Ha Ilone3HOTO ACACTBHe Ha 3apaaa e 6HJI canto 20/0, xaTO 49 KZ OT AenRU.;OTO cc BeI;eCTBO ca oCTaxann HeH3rIOn3yBaHH. n'bpBaTa OnfTHa 6om6a H 6om6aTa, xBlpJiexa Bbpxy XHpoHIHma, ca HMaiiH 3apsA OT ypaH 235, a 6oM6HTe, XB'bpJIeHH B-bpxy Hara3aHH H BHxHHH - OT nnyTOHHii. BOM6HTe THn 1945 roAHHa ca HMaRH 0614 Term OT 4 go 10 m. Te3H 6oM Ti ca 61InH npeHaCRHH C Te)KKH 60M6ap,aHpoBatin. Cera B 3aHaAHHTe CTpaHH HMa CTpeMe)K Aa cc iiaMaJIH Tei JIOTO Ha aTOMHHTe 6oM6H go Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 H:IKOJIKOCTOTHH KI iorpaMa H Te E(a cc HpelaCSIT CSC caMOneTH H3Tpe6nTenn. O6aLIe Aa cc HaMaJIH TCrJIOTO Ha aTOMHHTe 6oM6H e CJIO)KHa 3agaLIa. 3HaLIHTerIHOTo HaMaJIABaHe TerJIOTO !!a 6oM6HTe BOAR 90 Hama.TMBaHe CHnaTa Ha B3pHBa. 3 Te)KKHTe 6OM6H C MaCHBHa C 6BnBHa 3apHJI'ET ce n3nOJI3yBa II0-IrbJIHO. KaIBO npe,l,CTaBJISIBaT pyre BHAOBe aTOMHII op-b). ROeTO e TOJIxOBa HO-rOJ 5JMO, KOJIKH Ha, 6poSI Ha HeyTpOHHTe H Ha ImJIHOTO ec eH- THBHO ceLIeHHe. 3a aJIyMHHH5I 4J=27, a 1 Chia TeH H 2,7 z. CAeAo- BaTeJIHO 6poHT Ha H paTa B 1 cats e pa;acH ; N _ 27 .6,02. 1024 =6,02, 10", . 3a HeyTpoHHTe c eHeprust I Mee c=2,5.10~Z4'c.u'. Torasa 6posrr Ha yuapHTe e paseH Ha 6,02.109a. ,1Q00.2,5,10r8'@-150, Ocuxarurre 850 Heyrpooa u;e 119. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 npeMHHaT npe3 AaJeHHg aJIymHHHeB xubc, 6e3 Aa BCTh rIHT B 73B B3aHMoge1'3CTBHe c Hero. AKO ce H3LIHCJIH apa3c 3a 673p3HTe HeyTpOHH, xaTO Ce H3TIOJI3yBa CbOTHOHIeHHeTO a pa3c = 6 n'bn 3an3 me ce oxaxte, tie a pa3c > 6 San C ToBa ce IIOTBbpxrgaBa, tie npH 6'bp3HTe HeyTpoHH npeo6JlagaBaII(H31T BHJ4 B3aHMOgettcTBHe C Benle- CTBOTO a pa3CeI3BaHeTO. 3aJIaBSIHeTO Ha 6T,p3H He- yTpoHH cTaBa MHoro paixo. BepOHTHOCTTa Aa 6sgaT 3anoBeHH 6aBHH xeyTpoHH e 500=1000 nmTH rio-rd- JTxMa, OTHOJI9OTo npH 6bp3HTe, o6atie B TaxsB cJry- uarI pa3ceIiBaxeTo Hrpae rOJTSIMa poJITT, HaTO B MHOro eneMeHTH TO npeo6JIagaBa Haq 3anaB3IHeTO, maxap H B no-Mania cTeneH, OTHOJIxoTO npH B3aHMOJZeH- CTBHeTO C 6Tip3H HeyTpoHH. Aa peTUHM npeAHHSI npxmep 3a no-gacTHH cnyxiaH, a HMeaxo: Aa HaMepHM 6pO$I Ha axTOBeTe Ha pa3- ceT BaHe H 3anaBSIHe 3a TOnJIHHHH H 6'bp3H HeyTpOHH. 1. B3aHMoJIeftCTBHe Ha TOnJIHHHH HeyTpoHH c aJIYMHHHeBH sigpa N.6,02.1022; 17=1000 ue Tpoiia ; a3an=0,21 . 10-24 CM2; apa3c=1,4. 10-24 CM2. Bp03IT Ha 3aJIOBeHHTe HeyTpoHH e 6,02.1022. 1000 21 . 10-24 =12. BPOSIT Ha pa3ce3jHHTe HeyTpoHH e 6,Q2.1022, 1000. 1,4. 10-24 = 84. 2. B3aHMoJ1;eI3cTBHe Ha 61p3H HeyTpOHfI (c eHep- rHx 1 Mee) c' aJIyMHHHeBH szApa. N-6,02. 1042; II=1000 HeYTpoxa , Q3ah-Q,00037. 10-24. CU;; 10-24 CM*.. t20 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 T-A KaTO npH aJIyMHHHH e()eiTHBHOTO cegeme Ha 3anaBHHe e Mxoro maJIKO B cpaBHeHHe C n?bJIHOTO e4 eKTHBHO cexieHHe, Mo3Ke ga ce npHeme, LIe a pe3e = =a a? B TaIcbB C]1y'laft 6pOHT Ha pa3ce3lHHTe HeyTpO- HH a 6;02.1022.1000. 2,5.10-24=150. . Bposrr Ha 3anoBeHHTe HeyTpOH l e 6,02.1022.1000. .0,37.10-27=0,024. OnHTHTe noxa3BaT,, XIe npH HSIKOH Han?bnxo onpe AeneHH eneprHH Ha HeyTpOHHTe HApeHHTe peaxi npOTHxraT Haft-ycnerfHOO. ToBa ABJIeHHe, HapwIano pe3oHaRCHO norJlhigaHe, e oco6exo 3a6eJle)KHMo npH ARpCHH peaxl.DHH c 6aBHH HeyTpOHH. 7000 4000 2000 0.1000 100 $v ov f0 xy f 0,001 0.01 of f f0 100 EHepauf Ha Neympomume (6 e6) 7 uz.' 36. 3aaxcHMOCT Ha ecpeRTHSaoro cevenHe Ha KagMHH OT eHeprH5ITa Ha HeyTpOHHTe Ha 4)Hr. 36 e noxa3aHa 3aBHCHMOCTTa Ha n?bJIHOTO e4)elT}BHO ceueHHe Ha xagmHA OT exeprHHTa Ha HeyTpOHHTe, IIpH exeprHA 0,13 e6 ce noABHBa pe30- HaHCeH BIThX, Ha KOf3TO C'bOTBeTCTByBa a 7200. .10'24 C.K2, C7iejj KoeTO Harlpe'4HOTO CeiieHHe OTHOBO HaMaa Ba' 'I3 3a TOrI mfHHI3Te HeyTpOHH e paBHO Ha 2440,10-44 c,us. 121 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 OcJIa6BaHeTO Ha HeyTpOHHHSI ITOTOK HpH npeMH- HaBaHe Hpe3 HHKaKBa cpega 3aBHCH OT eHeprHHTa Ha HeyTpoHHTe H OT XHMHTIeCKHSI CbCTaB Ha cpej;aTa. B'bp3HTe HeyTpOHH, KaKTo e H3BeCTHO, cc HOrJn,n aT IIOLITH OT BCHLIKH BelljeCTBa MHOTO cna6o, 3aTOBa OTHaTTa-K> TpH16Ba ga cc HaMaJIH CKOpOCTTa in THXHOTO ABH>KeHHe, a caejj TOBa ,Lja cc B3eMaT mepHH, KOHTO ga oCHrypsiT HT,JIHOTO HM HOrjmIr aHe. ,U06-bp 3a6aBHTe.I Ha HeYTpOHH e Bogaza. 3a6aBe- HHTe HeyTpOHH. ycHeLIIHO cc 3aJIaBSIT OT BO90pOjIHHTe agpa, o6atie HpH TOBa cc H3nycHaT raMa-Jrh'rH C ro- JISIma eHeprna, 3a tIHeTO OCJIa6BaHe BOjjHHSIT rrJIaCT Tps16Ba ga 6i , e AocTaT-bgHo rojJHM. AKo HIM BogaTa cc jzo6aBH maJlxo 6op, HarrpHMep B bB BHA Ha 6opxa. KHceJIHHa, 6aBHHTe HeyTpOrIH cc HorS1lbu;aT rnaBHO OT 6opa. 3a rlpejzna3Barle OT HeyTpoHHTe m raMa-JrbTTITTe HPH 5J peHHTe peaHTOpH Cc H3r1OJI3yBa Hpe,IjHMHO 6eTOHbT. BeTOH'bT cc C bCTO`H OT BO OpOJ H gpyrH cpaBHHTeJIHO JIeKH CJIeMeHTH (KHCJIOpo , aJIymHHHI3, CHJIHqHA, KaJIIuHI3). IIpH rlpeMHHaBaHe Ha HeyTpoHHTe Hpe3 6eTOHa Te cc 3a6aBAT H rIorJIhn aT. BeH;eCTBaTa, BJIH3a1914 B CbCTaBa Ha 6eTOH2, ocJIa6BaT raMa-H3- J bT-IBaHeTO. SIIOJIornmeH peHTreH-eKBHBaJIeHT. 3'a j;a cc OqeHH geI1CTBHeTO in HeyTpoHHTe B'bpXy >KMBHTe opraHH3MH, H3HOJI3yBa cc HOHHTHeTO ,,6HOJIorHgeH peHTreH-CXBHBaJIeHT" (6pe); 16pe -- TOBa e' TaWbB HeyTpOHeH HOTOK, TTITCTO 6HOJIOrHTTHO ger3CTBHe e eHBI3BaJIeHTHO Ha jjerTCTBHeTO Ha CJ HH peHTreH raMa- H3JrbTTBaHe. fjOHH3a9HHTa B13HHKBa OT OTCKaTTau;HTe Sljxpa, xaKTO H. OT LIaCTHI[HTe H raMa-KBaHTHTC, HOHTO ce OT;IeJIFIT rlpH 3ajIaBHHeTO Ha HeyTpoHHTe. 3a A a ce c7,3Ra.tte 703a, paBHa Ha 0,1 6pe, Heo6xo- dIHMO e o6JI7,XIBaxe L npogbim nHe Ha 24 naca c nOTOK OT 67,p3JI xeyTpO (c exeprwi 2 Mee), paam Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 xeoxa ae CMCeK vrpoxa Ha 66 - ,yrp , a C TOIIJIHHHH - 1500 ent=cex AKO TaKOBa KOJIHgeCTBO HeyTpoHH npeMHHaBa Bc ixa ceKyH,i;a npe3 BCeKH KBagpaTeH CaHTHMeT'bp OT TSIJIOTO B npo bJIxcCHHe Ha 24 Baca, opraHH3WbT We noJlygH 903a, paBHa Ha 0,1 6pe. He e TpyJ;HO J1a cc onpegeim CyMapHHHT HeyTpoHex IOTOK 17, eKBHBa- JICHTeH Ha 0,1 6pe. 3a 6 bp3H HeyTpoHH ll6bp= 66. 3600. 24 = 5 700 000 Heyrpoxa CM 3a 6aBHHTe HeyTpoHH ll6aB= 1500. 3600. 24= =1 30 000 000 HeyTpoxa CM2 B MOMeHTa Ha B3pHBaBaHe Ha aTOMHaTa 6oM6a_ce OTgeJIAT H 6'bp3H, H 6aBHH HeyTpoHH, o6atie riopaJ;H 3a6aBSIHeTO KTBM 3eM3ITa AOCTHraT 3Ha'IITeJIHO nO- Bege 6aBHH HeyTpoHH, OTKOJIKOTO 6'bp3H. C OTia- JIegaBaHeTO OT MSICTOTO Ha B3pHBa HCyTPOHHHHT nOTOK 6-bp3o HaMaJUIBa. HanplMep npH yBCJ1HtiaBaHe pa3- cTOsHHeTO OT 1000 Ha 1250 M xonHgeCTBOTO Ha He- yTpOHHTe, nagangH Ha egHHHixa IInon1, cc HaMaJi5IBa nOgTH 10 ri'bTH. Hopa3HBaiijoTo Jje1ICTBHe cc npe9143BHKBa rnaBHO b T HeyTpoHHTe c eneprnx Hag 0,2-0,3 Mee. J1e I- CTBHeTO Ha 6aBHHTe HeyTpoHH cc npoaBSisa rnaBHO B o6pa3yBaHe Ha H3KycTBeHH pagHoaxTHBHH BeiueCTBa. 06H;aTa Jxo3a Ha npoHKKBaigaTa pa. liaixm cc onpe- JZensi KaTO cyMa OT JZo3aTa raMa-H3Jrbgsane, H3pa3eHa B peHTreHH, H 903aTa HeyTpoHH, onpegenexa B 6xonorHTieH peHTreH-eK$HBaneHT. ,11,03m, H09TO Cbb3J;aBaT HCyTpOHHTe Ha eJ1HH H CT~LI1H pa3CToFw u1 I IT. xC e H 0. ,3aigmTa OT pagKoaxTHHHbIX 3JIeMCHTOS." IlepeaoA C 4)paHAy3cKoro, 143A4TC;J CTio HKOCTpaHHo$t JHTepa? Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 OT LjeHT-bpa Ha aTOMHnH B3pHB, e 3HaLIHTeJIHO rIO- MaJIKa OT 903aTa raMa-H3JI-btIBaHe. 3aTOBa 3aIIjHTHH31T nJiaCT 3a npOHHKBanjaTa paAHaiLHH MOxce Aa ce, H3- xmci H caMO 3a raMa-H3JrbgBaHeTO. 3. 3AIIIHTA OT IIPOHHKBAII;ATA PARHAIUHSI BcneACTBHe Ha roJTHmaTa nponnxsauja crioco6- HOCT Ha rama-JrbtrHTe H HeyTpOHHTe O613KHOBeHIiTe Apexes H HHAHBHAyaJIIIHTe cpeaCTBa 3a HpOTHBO- XHMW-IeCKa 3au;HTa He MoraT Aa npeuna3xT ilosexa OT TeXHOTO BT 3AEIdCTBHe. 3a 3aIIIHTa OT npOHHKBaujaTa pauHai1H31 TpH6Ba Aa Ce H3nOJ13yBaT eCTeCTBeHH YKpHTHH - r'I,HKHTe Ha McCTHOCTTa H McCTHHTe npeAMeTH, - I H3KyCTBeHH CTbOp'b)KeHHH - pa3JIHLIHH 4)opTH(THKaI;HOHHH yKpH- THH, BKJIIOXIHTeJIHO H Ha1i-npOCTHTe, KaTO OKOnH H nIgejrH (DOpTH(pHKa]jHOHHHTe CbopwxeHHSI npeJna3BaT He caMO OT npOHHKBaujaTa paAHaijHH, HO H OT yAapHaTa BT.JIHa, CBCTJIHHHOTO H3JMgBaHe 13 pauHoaHTHBHOTo 3apa3HBaHe. rIJIOIgTa, Ha KOHTO MoraT Aa 6-bAaT nopa3eHH XOpa, HaMHpau H Ce B'hB 4)OpTH(4HKaI;HOHHH chop xeHHH, e 4-9 I ThTH no-Mania OT nJIOnjTa, Ha KOHTO ca Bb3MO)KHH nopa)KeHHH B-bpxy xopa, Ha- MHpanjH ce H3B'bH 4)OpTH(rnxaLjHOHHH cboplxce- HHH. 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OcnosHH c',Op6)KeHH3I B cHCTeMaTa Ha HHHCeHep- MOTO o6opyABaHe Ha MCCTHOCTTa ca TpaHIneHTe H XOAOBeTe 3a cT o6IIjeHHe. 4OBeK, KOXtTO e 7lerHaJI Ha Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 JjT,HOTO Ha TpanIUCKTa, H3nrTBa no-cna6o ygapxaTa B'bJIHa H npaRTHtiecxH e Han'bJIHO 3aHnHTeH OT cBeT- nHHHOTO H3n'LtIBaHe. T~eACTBHeTO Ha ,npOHHKBanjaTa pa,T;HaI1HH 3HatIHTenHO ocna6Ba, TbR KaTO raMa-n'b- tIHTe H HeyTpOHHTe ce 3aJj'bp>KaT OT np'bC1Ta. Ha OT- 9Ce IHH ytXaCTmIrH TpaHIIIeHTe H X090BCTC 3a CbO6njeHHe Ce nOKpHBaT C TanmH H Hp'bCT, Taxa tie o6u aTa Jje- 6en11Ha Ha noxpxBa ga He 6r, e no-Mania OT 50 cast. B Tax-bB Cnytlat HaHSJIHO CC H3Knx)tiBa BTb3J[e1i- CTBHeTO Ha CBeTJIHHHOTO H3n-btJBaHe, a npOHHKBa- IIjaTa pa) Ha11Hx ocna6Ba OT nOxpHBa oKO.no 10 n'bTH. 3a ga ce HaManH pa3pynlHTenHOTO JjCrICTBHe Ha y,IjapnaTa B1 Ha, noxpHBHTe Ha ytiaCTbIlHTe He Tp516Ba ga ce H3AHraT saJj 6pycTBepHTe Ha TpaHIIIeHTa. 3a ga ce npeIna331T OT cpyTBaHe, CTeHHTe Ha TpaH- HIeHTe (B cna6x nOt1BH), a cbujo H iia HOXPHTnTe yiaCT'bHH ce yxpenABaT C B bpJIIHH, c nneT OT B'bp- InHHH3 C pOrO3KH OT Tp'bcTHxa H np. 3a yxpnBaHe Ha nHt.IHHSI CTTCTaB B TpaIi- IIIeHTe H XOJjOBeTe 3a cbo6HgeHHe ce npaBFIT IIOJj- 6pycTBepnH 6nnnRasxn CbC 39paBH cTexn H noxpin, 9e6en He nO-Manxo OT C HH McT'bp, c KOeTO ce OCH- rypSlBa ocna6Bane Ha HpOHHKBaIIjaTa paJjna1 nsI OKOJIO 100 IIT,TH. rlpn n3pa6oTBaxe Ha 6JIHHJja>KHTe e Heo6xogHMo ga ce o6piHja oco6eHO BHHM3Hne Ha BXOJjOBeTe - BpaTHTe Tpj16Ba ga 6-bJjaT JiOCTaT-b- taHO 39paBH, - 3a ga lie ce pa3pymaT OT yAapnaTa Bbnna. HaH-cHrypHHTe yxpHTH31 3a JIHtIHH$ CbCTaB ca CxpHBannnjaTa, HOHTO npeJjna3BaT OT BCHtIxH nopa- 3SIBan H 4JaKTOpH Ha aTOMHHST B3pHB. H3pa6oTBaT ce H3HOHHH B HO93eMHH CKpHBanHHja. rlpH H3rpa>KJjaHQTO Ha H3HOHHH cxpHBanHn;a OTHa- tiano ce npaBH H31COn (xma). Ha Jj'bHOTO Ha T03H H3KOn ce n3rpa>KJja nOCTpOItKaTa, cneJj xoeTO ce npaBH nOKpHB (3a1IjnTeH Hacnn). Te3H CKpHBanHHja Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 ce pa3jjeJItIT Ha cxpnBainuga OT Jlel( H Te)x'bx TIM, pa3JIHtIaBaugH ce noMen< y cH rJIaBxo no KoHCTpy- KIjHHTa H 39paBHHaTa Ha noKpHBa. CKpHBann3ujaTa OT JIeK Tim Tp$IOBa jja HMaT 33njH- TeH 3eMeH IIJIaCT, jje6eJI He nO-MaJIKO OT 1,5 M, HOATO ocJIa6Ba npOHHKBaujaTa pa,IjnauHSI nOBege OT 1000 n'bTH. ?B CKpHBaJIHa aTa OT Te)K'bK THn nOKpH- B'bT o6HKHOBeHO ce cicroH OT HSIKOJIKO 17JiaCTa;: OTTOpe 3eMeH nJIacT (3eMCH HacHn), iIo)j Hero nJIaCT OT KaM'bHH, rpeAH, 6eTOHHH nim xtene3o- 6eTOHHH r JIC', H HJIH MOHOJIHTeH )xeJle306eTOHCH niiaCT (TB'bpjj niiaCT), nojj Hero naK 3eMeH niiaCT (pa3npe,I;eJIHTeJIeH 'nJI2CT) H HaKpas Hoceuj nJi2CT OT rpejlH HJIH peJICH. XopaTa, KOHTO -Ce HaMHpaT B CKpHBaJIHUjaTa, He HOHaCSIT HHKaKBH nOpa)xeHHSi, jjopH H KOraTO CKpn- MimijaTa ce HaMnpaT B enHijeHT'bpa Ha B'b3jjy- HIHHH aTOMeH B3pHB. HOKpHB'bT Ha TaKHBa cKpHBa- JIHIgao TpR6Ba jja H39'bpxca JjHHaMHL1Hn HaTo$ap- BaHHSI CKOJIO HHKOJIKO TOHa Ha KBajjpaTCH McT'bp. ToraBa npoHHxBaujaTa paj;Haijnx oc ia6Ba AeceTKH xaJasjjH n'bTH, npH H3rpa)tcgane Ha noj[3CMHH CKpHBaJIHnja'IusIJiaTa noCTpoI3xa ce npaBH nojj 3eM3ITa, (5e3 ga ce H3KOna- BaT CTORIgHTe n0-rope .3eMHH nJIaCTOBe. n093eM- HHTe CKpHBanHUja, nOCTpoeHH Ha jjocTaT'btina jj'bJi6o- LIHxa, ca cHrypna 3au nra OT B-b3jjynnHHSi B3pHB Ha aTo na 60M6a. B Kopa6HTe 3a 3aUjHTHH CpejI,CTBa OT aTOMHHH B3pHB ce H3nOJI3yBaT BbTpeIIIHHTe noMeujeHHH, apTHJIepHtCI(HTe KyJIH,, njHTOBeTe, pa3JIHLiHHTe Hag- CTpOt1KH H np. B HaCeJleHYiTe nyHKTOBe 3a njHTHH C'bOp b)KeHHH CA : - CKpHBain3IIja, HanpaBeHH B H36HTe Ha crpajjHTe; - cneIjHaJIHO nOCTpOeHH cxpHBaiiHUja; - yH HTHH OT Haft-npOCT THn (WLIejIH, 3eMJI$iHKH). Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 3algHTHOTO 9e1 cTBHe Ha C'bop r eHH5ITa nponnt;a B XnpOmHMa. XopaTa, KOIITO B MOMeHTa Ha B3pHBa ca ce HaMHpanH B eAHO 39paBO ueTHpHeTa>HHo 3Kene3o6eTOHHO 39aHne, pa3II0JIO>xeHo Ha p23CTOH- Hne OKOJIO 220 At OT enHgeHT'bpa Ha B3pHBa, HOJIYLIHJIH n'bpBOHa*;anHO CaMO neKH HapaHSIBaHHH. O6atie 0HU51 OT TSIX, KOHTO ce HaMHpaJIH Ha ropHHTC eTa)KH, HOnytlnnn rOneMI nopa>KeHHH OT npOHHKBalgaTa pagHa1 J. XopaTa, HOHTO ca 614nH Ha rI'bPBHH eTa)R Ha 3gaHHeTO, HOny*-IHJIH HaI3-ManKH nopaHCeHHH OT npoHHKBan(aTa pagHaLHH, T'bI3 Kato 6HnH 3aIgH- TeHH OT TPHTe ropHH eTa3Ka. H36L.ITe H CRPHBaJIHlgaTa B 30HaTa, B KOHTO yJlap- HaTa BbJIHa He rH pa3pylIlaBa, HarMJIHO npegna3BaT OT npOHHKBalgaTa pagmij H. ,IUe13CTBHeTO Ha npoHHKBaigaTa pagnagHH, yJ;ap- HaTa BBJIHa H CBeTJIHHHOTO H3n'b1IBaHe 3Hat.IHTeJ1HO ocna6Ba, KoraTO 3a yKPHTHH ce H3nOJ13YBaT KaHa- BKH, HacHnH, CTp'bMI n OBpa3H, HMn OT apTHnepHll- CKn CHapHAH H aBHal4HOHHH 6oM6H (4)Hr. 38). KoraTO Ha6nn30 HHMa HHKaKBH YHpHTHH, Tp316Ba g a ce nerHe Ha 3eMHTa c range Haijojiy ((JHr. 39). HO T03H HatmmH ce HaMaJI5Ba B'b3geACTBHeTO Ha ygapHaTa B'bnHa H XopaTa ce npeJjna3BaT OT H3ra- pHHHH. B 3L axng xopaTa TpH6Ba g a nerxaT J{O cTe- HaTa, 3a Jja H36HrHaT nopaH(eHHHTa OT CT'bKneHH rlaptleTa ((Hr. 40). 'HpoHHKBanzaTa pagHaLHH JzeKCTByBa C'bBCeM KpaT- KOBpeMeHHo (10-15 ceK.). BvnpeRH TOBa npH 6'bp30 3aemaxe Ha 6n13XO yxpFTHe, Jjo3aTa Ha pa,I(HaunHZa ce HaManiBa Hari-Ma3Ko ABa UTTH. npH TOBa ce H36HrBaT rIOpa>KeHHHTa OT yuapHaTa BBJIHa,'T11 KaTO Ta3n B bJIHa ce pa311POCTpaH5IBa 3HatIHTeJIHO n0-6aBHO, OTKOJIKOTO npOHHKBaLgaTa pagnagHH n CBeTJIHHHOTO H3n'btlBaHe. YgapHaTa B'bnHa H3MHHaBa Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 ?W. 38. MjWXCCHBC Ka '1OBCK B ICatiaBica 8 B HMa npx aTOMCE B3P ` 9 A1~CBITC f87t19a$EE npS aTOMB*R Bapwn Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 \PMER -~ n __,aecr s f a 1 ~... ohs -~?j ^ui 1=~?=III-~. .~===11' \AN ouz. 39. IIonoaceaae Ha eoaex as oTxpHTa McCTHOCT H Ha nany6aTa na xopa6 npH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Oue. 40. nonoHCeHMe Ha eOB K B noMexUem!e npH aToMeH B3pHB paacToHme 1 KM 3a 2 cex., a paacroxxxe 2 xM - 3a 5 ceic. C yBeJmIgaBaHe' xanH6-bpa Ha aTOMHaTa 60M6a pa3CTOSHHeTO Ha nOpa3sIBaII;OTO ge icTBHe Ha npOHH- KBanjaTa pagHaix i ce yBeJIHtIaBa, HO He3Ha'H3TenHO. HanpHMep npH yBe'1HtlaBaxe MOu HOCTTa Ha B3pHBa 2 n-bTH pa3cToEHHeTO, Ha KoeTO ce nopa3HBaT xopaTa, HaMHpau i ce Ha ozxpHTaTa MecTHocT, ce yseJm aBa 3a raMa-H3J1 BaHeTO OKOnO 150-170 M. flop ge1cTBHeTo. Ha roneMH 9O3H npoHHKBaMa pa,RHar isi (xHna H H jjeceTICH xIu1s gH peRTrexa) Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 CT'bxnaTa Ha OrITWIecRHTe npI36opH (MeprniW , 6HHO- KJIH, AaJlexomepl, naxopamH H np.) nOThMHHBaT. OHTHLIeCKHTe npH6opH Tp516Ba Ija ce na33IT He canto OT MCX2HHLIHH rIOBpeRH OT ygapHaTa B'bJIHa, HO H OT ACRCTBHeTO Ha rIpOHHKBaIqaTa paAKagHH. IIpoHH- KBaugaTa paAHa)HH AeIICTByBa B'bpxy c)oTorpac-- HHTe HJlaRH Ha ronemH pa3CTO51HH3I, TIJk KaTO 3a OCBeTHBaHe Ha HSIKOH BH91ZOBe HJIaKH ca AOCTaTb'IHH 2 - 3 peHTreHa pa.I3aL HH. npOHHKBaigaTa paj(Ha- I;HH Ha aTOMHHSL B3pHB He OKa3Ba BpeAHo J ef3cTBHe Ha 6GI3HaTa TeXHHKa. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 IV. PAAHOAKTHIHO 3APA3SIBAHE HA MECTHOCTTA IIPH ATOMEH B3PHB 1. H3TOLIHHIWH HA H3JrbgIBAHE B PAAKO- AKTHBHO 3APA3EHA MECTHOCT IIpO ylcTH or AeneHHeTO Ha J1ApeHHH eKcnno- 3HB (AApeHoTO B3PXBHO BeujecTBO). IIpoRyxTHTe OT geneHHeTO (?HapLIeTaTa" OT AeneHHeTO) HpeRcTa- BnHBaT CMec OT rOJIfiMO KOJIHLIeCTBO H3OTOnH Ha 34 eneMeHTa, 3alIOLIBafKH OT IAHHKa x cB'bpIIIBaI33gyxa g'bJlro BpeMe. Pa36Hpa Ce, B xpasi Ha KpaHigaTa IIO'ITH BCHtIKH paJHoaKTHBHH tiacTH1;H nagaT Ha 3eMATa, HO ce pa3npbcxBaT Ha MHOrO roJIAMa nJIOH;. OCBeH TOBa npe3 BpeMeTO Ha T31XHOTO nagaHe aKTHBHOCTTa mm CHJIHO HaMaJIHBa. CKopocTTa Ha HagaxeTO Ha npamHHKHTe 3aBHCH OT TAXHOTO Teruo. AKO ce npHeMe nJrbTHOCTTa HM npH6JIH3HTeJIHO egHaxBa, Ter.IOTO, a cjIegoBaTeJIHO H CKOpOCTTa Ha nagaHeTO HM ce onpegeJrAT OT TexHHTe pa3MepH. KOJIKOTO no-egpH ca npaiJHHKHTe, TOJI- KOBa no-6 bp30 Te nagaT Ha 3eMATa (Ta6JI. 11). gIaCTHIQHTe c gHaMeTbp 0,005 - 0,010 MM ce HapHtlaT CpegHH IlpaInHHKH. TonieMH IIpaUIHHKH ca TC3H gaCTHAH, HOHTO HMaT gHaMeTTip 0,010-0,050 MM. TIo-egpHTe tiacTHiXH ce Hap i aT n e C b tI H H K H: Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 c AHatemp 0,05 - 0,25 um - cHTHH necbtIHHnII, a c AHaMemp 0,25 - 1,0 AU = cpeAHH necb'IHHxU. Ta6nnz;a 11 BpeM. as noAame sa npanaaaxaTe ar mxcomm 12 KJ( Aearera.p as I Bpi 39 napane MaCT1u ITe (Y MM) 0,84 0,25 0,15 0,075 0,033 0,016 0,008 22 mHH. 42 mHH. 2 uaca ? 7,9 Baca 1,7 ACHa 7 AeHa 28 Aesa Ha*-eApHTe npaluxsxw, KOHTO B M6013HAHHR o6nax. ca cpaBHHTe.IHo Manxo (mono 4?/0), naAaT B npoAwnxceHHe Ha 22 mHH. IIpe3 cneABaMXTe 20 mHH. naAaT oxono 13?/0, , a npe3 BpeMeTO OT 42 MHH. Ao 2 Baca-14,5 0/0 OT paAIIOaKTHBHHTe Be- o TaKbB HagHH B nTapBHTC ABa LIBCa naAaT OKOJO 1/g OT paAHOaKTBBHHTe BeuuecTBa, O6pa3y- Banff ce npa B3pHBa. OCr'aHanaTa 'IaCT ocTaBa B7,B B53Ayxa no-npoAs7lxcHTemio BpeMe. 2. XAPAKTBPHCTHKA HA H3JI'fiMBAHHHTA OT PAAHOAKTHBHHTE IIPOI YKTH HA ATOMHHA B3PHB PaAHOaxrHBHHTe nelgeCTBa, na,HanH Ha 3eM$ITa OT aTOMHHH o6naK, a CbllO TaKa H o6pa3yBanHTe ce Ha MCC1TipcTTa nog Ae1tCTBHeTO Ha HeyTpOHHTe, 10 JFAl>aie H3JTgBsHBH UpH aTOMHHJI BBPHB Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 H3nycxaT and a- H 6eTa-uacTHljH H raMa-JrbrH. Aa pa3rnegaMe xapaHTepHCTHKHTe Ha Te3H H3JnmIBaHHfi. AJU4)a-H3jx%mBaHe. Ancpa-uaCTHIjH Ce H31-iycxaT npH paJHOaKTHBHOTO pa3naAane Ha HeBCrbnxnaTa B peaKIjHA LIacT OT aTOMBI3SI 3ap3i . 17oHe5Ke anCpa- tiacTHIjHTe HOCHT eneKTpHtIeCKH TOBap, npH npeMHHa- BaHeTO HM npe3 BenjeCTBOTO Te B3aHMOJjdkCTByBaT C eneKTpOHHTe H aTOMHHTe AJjpa fOCpeJLCTBOM ene- KTpHLIeCKHTe CHJIH Ha npHBnutIaHe H oT6JI%CBane. OCHOBHHAT pe3yJITaT OT TOBa B3aHMOJjecCTBHe e iOHH3aI(HATa H B-b36y)K aHeTo Ha aTOMHTe. HHaLIe Ka3aHO, IIAnaTa eHeprHA Ha an4Ia-LIaCTH1jHTe ce H3pa3XOJjBa 3a O6pa3yBSHe Ha IIOHH H 3a B'b36yHq aHe Ha aTOMHTe. B cpaBHeHHe c pyre BHAoBe 113n'bLI- BaHHA aJHf a- 1aCTHIjHTe HpHTeW BaT Ha t-roimma r3OHH- 3Hpanja CHOCO6HOCT H C"bOTBeTHO Hai-MairbK npo- 6er. HopajuH cna6aTa npoHHKBauja cnocO6HOCT npH BTLHIIIHO O6n'btIBaHe Te npaKTHUecRH He ca onacHH. Hpo6erbT BBB B-b3Jjyxa in an4)a-LIaCTH1jHTe, KOHTO ce H3nycxaT OT nJIyTOHHA (c exeprHA 5,1 Mee), e 3, 6 cm, a B nO-nnTbTHa cpeJja - HAKOJIICO CTOTHH LIaCTH OT MHnHMeT'bpa (HanpHMep B aJIYMHHHA e 0,02 mm). B )HHBHTe T-bKaHH a3K4Ia-iiaCTHIjHTe Ha HnyTOHHA H3MHHaBaT 0,04 AIM. An(pa-tiaCTHunTe C1,3JjaBaT Hai-ronAMa IIJI'bTHOCT Ha iOHH3aLjwATa (HanpHMep BI,B Wb3JjyXa - HAKOJIKO JjeCeTKH XHJIAJjH JjBOiKH iOHH Ha caHTHMeT'bp IrbT). EHeprHA 5,1 Mea e JjOCTaT'bLIHa, 3a Jja ce C-b3JjaJjaT BbB BL3Jjyxa OKono 155 000 JjBOIIKH iOHH; CpegHO Ha eJjHH CaH- THMeT'bp H'LT ce naJjaT 30 000 ZjBOkKH ioHH. Ta3H nJrbTHa lOH143awjHA e upHLIHHa 3a xHMHUecKHTe npO- McHH B MHOrO BeujeCTBa H CHJIHOTO nOpa3ABaHe Ha SKHBHTe T-bKaHH, Tai KaTO 6HonorHLIHOTO Jjei- CTBHe 3a H3n'btiBaHeTO ce orxpeJjens He TOJIKOBa OT 06ii oTO KonH'-IeCTBO Ha iOHHTe, KOJIKOTO OT 6pOA Ha iOHHTe, KOHTO ce O6pa3yBaT Ha e1jHHH1ja n'bT. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 KOJIKOTO no-roJiHMa a BSmmoc1Ta Ha JkOidi{3a1WHTa, Tomcosa no-roneiw ca nopaxceHHxTa BTapay rbHaR?a. An4 a-mms, IBaHeTo lIpe cTaBJIABa Hal-rOJ Ma ona- cHocT, KoraTO aJI(ka-aICTHBHHTe Bei ecraa nova iraT B1,B B'bTpeHIHOCTTa Ha. OpraHH3Ma. FwTa-,H3JI bvB8SC: BeTa-zlac nn ce H3nycHaT OT ,,napgeTmTa" Ha i[CHMIeTO H OT H3KycTBeHSTe pagxoaI EHH eneMeImi, o6pa3yBaJnf cc nod Aet- cTBHeTo H BeyTpo)xTe. Te C7.140 Tana HOCHT eJIe- KTPIT'IeCKH TOBap, HO TeXHH$1T TOBap e ABa n'bTH n0 MaJmK oT TOBapa. Ha andm-yacTH mTe. IIpn Hpe- MRHaBaBe upe3 Bel4eCTBOTO 6eTa-tiacTHgmTe npei - H3BHKBaT 110HH3aJjHH H B1,36ymc aHe Ha aloJIHTe.. npH eAHa H CTan4a exepria AoHH3Hpan1,aTa CnOCOGHOCT Ha 6eTa-ifacTHI;HTC a 3Ha'Hlemw no-Manua, oTKOn- KOTO Ha an( )a-LlacTI1 wre, a npo6erbT B%B Beige- CTBaTa e c1a0?BeTHo no-ronrJM. beTa-gaCTHI. a c eReprHg I Mee MOSKe Aa o6pa3yBa BbB B'b3,I;JXa 90 30 000 ,l BOItHH koHH. IIJTBTHOCTTa is I oHH3aiudgTa, KOHTO CC C'b3AaBa B1aB Bb3aYXa OT 6eTa-tfacTHi(H C eii.eprifH 0,,5 - 3 Mee, a CpegHO 40 - 50 ROHM Ha ei;HH caHTBMerbp nET. IaHHH 3a gEsn)KHHaTa ma npo6era Ha 6eTa-LiacTHI;1Te. C paan i'nia eHepd?HS1 ca ' I;ajieHH. B Ta6n. 12. Ta6.e.aua 12 g1,111ltaaa as apo6era as 6CTa-vwra1{8Tc Wba B163Iyza a a GxoneraRaa Thaw: EHaprxx Ha 6eTa- npo6er B'aB B 3 yxa npo6er x TbxaHHTO gaCTm xre (B Mss) (B oa) (B .iteJ 0,2 0,2 0,5 1 2 3 11 35 1S0 380 910 1400 0,14 0,45 1,92 4,90 11.60 18,50 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 OT ,napxieTaTa" Ha geJleHHeTO ce H3nycxaT MHOro Manxo 6eTa-tgacTHux c eHeprHs Hag 2 Mee. MaKCHMaJIHHHT npo6er Ha TaIHBa 6eTa-tlacTxuH B'bB B'b3gyxa a oxono 10 M, BSB BogaTa oxono 1 cm, a B OJIOBOTO - no-Manxo OT 1 MM. B pe3yJITaT Ha eJIacTHtniH ygapH c enexTpoHHTe H aTOMHHTe Hgpa 6eTa-LIacTHIIHTe ce pa3ceilBaT B pa3JIHLIHH nocoKH. BCnegcTBHe Ha MxoroxpaTHOTo pa3CeI1Bane TpaexzopH$ITa Ha Te3H t;acTHnH BbB BenjeCTBOTO npegCTaBn5IBa cno>KHa HatlyneHa nHHHH. Ae6eJmHaTa Ha nnacTa 3a J TbJniOTO norn'bnjaHe ce onpegenx OT g'bJnKHHaTa Ha npo6era Ha 6eTa- LIaCTHIjHTC C MaKCHManHa eHeprHx. YCTaHOBeHO e, qe CHO006HOCTTa Ha BeIueCTBOTO ga norn'bnja 6eTa- JMXHITe e npaBO nponopr HOHaJIHa Ha HerOBaTa nJIT T- HOCT H npaKTHtlecKH He 3aBHCH OT aTOMHH$I HOMep Ha eneMeHTHTe, BJIH3aI1jH B CbCTaBa Ha gageHO BeIueCTBO. ueCTo n'bTH ) bJ >R HaTa Ha npo6era na 6eTa-tIa0THIjHTe ce H3pa3SIBa He B egHHHlja 3a g bJI- >KHHa, a B TerJIO Ha cT'bn6TIe, nnOniTa Ha OCHOBaTa Ha KoeTO e 1 CM2, a BHcogHnaTa my e paBHa Ha gbnB(HH HaTa Ha npo6era. ilpH TaK'bB HaLIHH 3a H3MepBaHe 9SJDKHHaTa Ha npo6era ce H3pa3BBa B 2/CM2. Yg06- CTBOTO 3a H3MepBaHe gbn>KHHaTa Ha npo6era B 2/CM2 ce CbCTOH B TOBa, tie g'bDI>KHHaTa Ha npo6era, n3pa- 3eHa B TaKHBa egHHHuH, npaKTHtIeCKH He 3aBHCH OT BHga Ha BenjeCTBOTO. HanpHMep 6eTa-tIacTHuH c eHeprHSi 1 Mee B'LB BCHtKH BenjecTBa HMaT npO- 6er, paseH Ha oxono 0,4 2/cM2. 3a ga ce nonyuH g'bn>KHHaTa Ha npo6era B caHTHmeTpH, TpY1(5Ba gage- HaTa CTOI3HOCT ga ce pa3genH Ha nn'bTHOCTTa Ha Benje- CTBOTO. B TaK'bB cnytlatk Ilpo6erbT B aJIyMHHHI nne 6'bge 2 7=0,15 CM, a B'bB Boga - 1,0 4 =0,4 CM. CTeneHTa Ha norn'bnjaxe Ha 6m-tgacTHuHTe Mo>Ke npH6nH3HTeJIHO ga ce onpegenH no 4)opMynaTa: Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 h K=2anon x%AeTO: h - Ae6enaxa Ha uperpa,ara; dnon - Ae6enHHa Ha IInacTa 3a 4OJIOBHH ocna6Baxe; K - crerreH Ha ocna6Baxe Ha 6eTa-H3- nvtzsaHexonpxnpeMHHaBaae npe3 AaJeHaTa IxperpaAa. ,lja pa3rneAaMe ezHH npHMep. PaAHOaxTHBHHHT (poc(pop H3nycxa 6eTa-tzacnHUH c Maz(cuuajlxa eHep- rxsz 1, 7 Mee. 3a Taxxsa tzacmlwH dnon=O, 075 a/cM' (Ta6n. i3). TipcH ce KOJIKO IIhTH ocna6Ba 6eTa- H3nbtIBaHHeTo OT (Doc(4opa B aJIyMHHHeBa IInaCTHHxa, Ae6ena I mw. BbB (popMynaTa (14) h H dnon Tps16Ba Aa 67,gaT H3pa3eHH B e,gHaRBH eAHHHIw. 0,1.2,7 K__20,076 =12. T,a6niz a 13 Ae6em~a as anacra sa noaoaas ocna6Baae a sasaca- MOCT or eaepraara as 6era-4acTagaTe axeprnn ea 6eTa-vaciuIjnre (e Mee) I 0,5 r, II=CT sa nonoain; ocna6Baxe (a a/c&) . .. . . . 0,014 10,036 10,10 XopaTa B 3JjaHHs1Ta ca Han',JIHO 3auxHTeHH OT AetCTBHeTO Ha 6eTa-H3n7.tIBaHeTO, KOeTO B}3HHKBa OT paAHOaRTHBHHTe Beugecma, HaMHpau ce H3- S bH noMenjeHHSITa, JBH)xeHHeTO Ha. aBTOM06HnH HO McCTHOCT, xos1TO e 3apa3eHa OT 6eTa-aKTHBHH Beule- CTBa, e npaxTHgecxa 6e30HaCHO, TOHe)xe CTeHHTe Ha aBTOM06HJmTe nornT,u;aT mgwio 6m-tiaCTHAHTe. O6ne9noTo CLII4o Taxa norjrigz a ronslMa gaol OT 6eTa-H3]mmBaHeTo. 3aTOBa ' B,HIIIHOTO 06nT6tlBaHe Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 c 6eTa-tiaCTHIuH He npeACTaBJIHTBa cepxo3na onacHOCT, xaTO ce H3HJ UOLIH nonoganeTO Ha pagHOaxTHBHH Ben;ecTBa B'bpxy oTxpHTHTe tiaCTH Ha THROW. BeTa- tiaCTHAHTe npe4cTaBn5IBaT ron5JMa onacnocT, xoraTo H3nycxanuTe rH paAHOaHTHBHH BeigecTBa riona,HaT B'bB BmTpemHOCTTa Ha oprarH3Ma. 3aTOBa Tpx6Ba Aa ce B3eMaT BCHti(H MepxH, 3a Aa He nonaAHaT paAHoaKTHBHH BeIAecTBa B opra}H3Ma. Haft-cHryp- MOTO cpeACTBO 3a TOBa e npOTHBora3'bT. Tanta-xani*lBaxe. B paAHOaHTHBHO 3apa3eHa MCCTHOCT raMa-143n'bxIBaneT0 B'b3HHKBa npH pa3na- AaneTO Ha HHxoH ?naptieTa" OT AeneHHeTO H Ha HSIKOH H3RYCTBeHH paAHoaKTHBHH Ben;ecTBa. CpeAHo ce H3nycKaT ABa-TpH n'bTH n0-manxo raMa-KBaHTH, OTKOJIKOTO 6eTa-gaCTHT;H. B AaAeHHHT cnytiak cpe- AHaTa eHeprHS1 Ha raMa-H3nI 1BaHeTo e OKOJTO 0,7 Mee H e no-MaiTKa OT eHeprH5ITa Ha raMa-H3n'bLIBa- HeTO Ha IIpOHHKBan;aTa pawHaw;HHI. IIOHexce KOecbH- AHeHTT,T Ha OCna6BaHeT0 Ha raMa-H3n'bLIBaHeT0 ce yBenHLTaBa c HaMaJHIBaHe Ha eneprH3ITa (BM(. Ta6n. 3, 4, 5), eCTeCTBeHO e, tie Ae6ennnaTa Ha 3anAHTHHHI nnaCT npOTHB raMa-H3JrbxiBaneTO B paAHOaKTHBHO 3apa3eH ytiacT'bK TpH6Ba Aa 6rAe no-Manxa, OTKOJI- HOTO 3a npeAna3Bane OT npOHHKBaIgaTa paAHaI;HHI. Mou;eH H3TOtIHHK Ha 6eTa- H raMa-H3n'bxIBaHH3I e i-b6OBHAHHHIT o6naK, Kot TO cbg~bpxca ron$IMO xoJIH- tieCTBO paWHOaKTHBHH BelleCTBa. npH npeMHHa- BaHe Ha CaMOneT npe3 o6naKa B-bpxy exHnaxca my AeTtCTByBaT paAHOaKTHBHH 143n'b4IBaHHHI. AKo ce H3KnK)tiH B'b3MOHCHOCTTa 3a nonaAaHe Ha paAHOa- KTHBHH Beuu;eCTBa B xa6HHaTa Ha caMoneTa, B'b3Aeft- CTBHeTO BTbpXy exmnaxca ce onpeAe i CaMO OT B'bH- IIIHOTO o6nrbgBaxe. IIpH TOBa 6eTa-tiaCTHI;HTe nOtiTH HaIIbnHO Ce 3aAbp}KaT OT CTCHHTe Ha caMoneTa, a rama-nn,tmTe npeMHHaBaT npe3 THIX notiTH 6e3 ocJIa6- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Bathe. CnegoBaTe.uio A03aTa Ha pagHaIJHSITa 3aBHCH OT HHTex3HTeTa Ha raMa-Il3n'bXIBaxeT0 B o6jiaxa. KaKBa 903a Mox(e Aa no iy'H neTeirbT, npenHTal'ixH iipe3 o6naxa? 3a Aa ce. peum Ta3H 3a, axia, TpH6Ba Aa ce 3HaHT pa3MepHTe xa o6naxa H MOIAHOCTTa Ha Jjo3aTa raMa-H3JmgBaHe B Hero, KaKTO H cxopocTTa 14a caMoneTa. Ha Taft. 14 ca AaAeiiH opHeHTHpOBStIHH AamHH 3a pa9HoaxTIHBH0CTTa Ha o6naxa npx B3puBa- BaHe Ha aTOMHa 6oM6a C TpOTHJ1OB eKBHBaneHT 20 000 TOHal H CTOZtHOCTHTe Ha 903aTa, npeCMeTHaTH 3a caMOneT C BC CKOpOCT 900 KM/uac. , Ta6mHZxa 14 raMa-aasa4Bane Ha aTOM888 o61iaic B80o'iH8a Ha Hag TO H8 .6naxa H 7600 9200 ,10700 BpeMe Ha H3n8r9HCTO (H MHH.) 3,3 5,0 7,2 AHaMCTbp Ha O6naxa (a a) 2750 3200 3700 MO=OCT Na AO3aTa 8 06na- Ha (PCHTr. -a Mac) 24000 11 000 5 60Q IIpH npeMHHaBawe npe3 IIewTmpa Ha o6naxa Ha BHCO!(H 7,600 A, T. e. npH6JIH3HTeJIHo 3 MHH. H nOJ1OBHHa Cue, B3pHBa, neTeUTAT MOH(e Aa nonytiH 903a 73 peHTreHa. B AeACTBHTenHOCT Ta3H 9o3a we 6-b?e 3HaggxTejnio no-Mauna nopagH nornusup- HeTO Ha raMa-nbLIHTe OT eneMeHTHTe Ha KOHCTpy- KIMSITa Ha caMOneTa - pe3epsoapwTe c ropHBO, ABH- raTenfi H . Ap. roJulMa xoHt eHTpaiui Ha paAHo- aKTHBHKTe BeigeCTBa HMa CaMO B geHTT,pa Ha o6naxa: Axo CtaMOneT-bT He npeMHHe npe3 I;eHTT pa Ha o6naia, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 903aTa Ha paAHaijHnTa n e 6'b,e no-MaJIxa. OLIeBHAHO e, Lie 3a cmeTxa Ha nocoxieHHTe Cpa}TOpH go3aTa Ha BCHLIKH BHCOHHHH ce HaMansiBa noHe ABa n'bTH. npeJIHTaneTO Ha CaMOneT npe3 OCHOBaTa Ha o6- naxa(npe3 npaIHHH5 cTbn6) e nO-6e3onacxo. ,IH- ameT'bp-bT Ha cTbn6a e no-Manmx OT ) HaMeT'bpa Ha o611ai-ca. 3aTOBa BpeMeTO 3a j(eftCTBHeTO Ha H3n'bii- BaneTO nje 6-bje C'bIIjO Taxa no-Manxo, a ocseH TOBa H xomijeHTpaljHHTa Ha pagHoaHTBBHHTe BeujecTBa B npaUIHHSI CT'bn6 e Manxa. B-b3 OCHOBa Ha AaHHHTe, npHBeReHH B Ta6n. 14, mowe Aa ce HanpaBH 3axnioiienne, Lie npeJIHTaHeTO Ha camoJieT npe3 o6J1axa e TOJH(OBa no-6e3onacxo, xonxOTO noBeiie Bpeme e H3Texno OT B3pHBaBaHeTO Ha aTOMHaTa 6om6a. Axo 3,3 MHH. cneA B3pHBa B'b3MOHCHaTa AO3a Ha paj naijHHTa npH Jjajjena cxo- pOCT Ha caMoneTa e 73 peHTrexa, TO CneA 7,2 MHH. TSI iije 6,bge 23 peHTreHa. Pa36Hpa Ce, B-bB BCHHKII cnynan Tpf16Ba Aa ce }IMa npeABHA, Lie HOJIHOTO no-ronxMa e CKOpOCTTa Ha camojieTa, TonxoBa no-manxo e BpeMeTO 3a npeJIHTaxe Ha o6naxa, TOnHOBa no-manKa , nje 6i a 9o3aTa raMa-H3JI%tiBane. 3.000BEHOCTH HA PAAHOAKTHBHOTO 3APA39BAHE IIPH PA3JIH'IHH BHAOBE ATOMEH B3PHB PaAHOaKTHBHO 3apa3HBaHC HPH B163T{yIUeH aTOMCH B3pHB. npH BTa3AyIIIeH aTOMeH B3pHB Ha ronHMa BHCOLn3Ha nOBeteTO Ii OAYKTH OT Aene- HHeTO Ce OTHaCSIT Harope OT 6bp30 H3AHranjifsI ce o6nac. HpH ABH)KeHHeTO Ha o6Jiaxa Ha 3eM$ITa ce o6pa3yna cnoeo6pa3Ha pa)HOaxTHBHa ?ciieAa" OT o6naxa B'bB BHA Ha Hlmpoxa HBHIja, pa3Ter i na no nocoxa Ha BHTSpa. PaAHoaiTHBHOTO 3apa3HBaxe Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02: CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 B; pa*ltoHa Ha B3pHBa e xesxammenxo, Tb# KaTo B T03H paAOH naAaT cbBCeM MaJno npOAyxTH oT Aene- HHeTo. OcTaxaiaTa uacr ce pa3ce#Ba Bbpxy ronmMa nnonj no ,caeAaTa" oT o6naxa H He npeACTasnHBa onacxocT. PaftoHbT Ha B3pHBace 3apa3HBa rnaBHo OT Bb36yAexaTa paAHOaxmBHocT. O6aue If Bb36yAe- HaTa paAHOBKTHBHOCT He e MHOTO ronxMa, uoxe*e KOJIHUeCTBOTO Ha HeyTpOHHTe 6nH30 AO 3eMHaTa nOBbpXHOCT 6bp30 xaManaBa C yBenxuauaxe Ha pa3CTOXHHeTO OT ueHTbpa Ha B3pHBa. OCBeH TOBa o6pa3yBBJHTe ce B HOLIBaTa paAHoaKTHBHH Ben eCTBa CpaBHHTCJIHO 67.p3o ce pa3naAaT. 3aTOBa 3apa3SlBa- HeTO e CHJIHO CaMO B n'bpBHTe uSCOBe CneA B3pHBa. Cne HAKOAKO MIIHyTH paAHOaKTBBHHTe H3JIThLIBa- HHH He npeACTaBnsiBaT ' OnaCHOCT H 3apa3eHHAT yuacm MoHce Aa ce npeMxxe, a . cneA HAKOJIKO uaca B Hero MOSKe Aa ce pa6oTx. - IIpH aTo HaTa 6oM6apAHpoBKa B SInOHHx pajHo- axTHBHoTO 3apa3ABaHe Ha. McCTHOCTTa ii Ha rpaA- cxwre o6exTH e 6HJIO MHOrO CJIa6o. CblluO Taxa H npH BB3AyIIIHHH aTOMeH B3PHB B SHKHHH npe3 n3ITOTO Ha 1946 rowHHa 3apa33lBaHeTO Ha Kopa6HTe c paAHoa KTHBHH BeujeCTBa e HHMaJIO oCO6eHO 3HaueHHe. PaAaoaKTHBHO 3apaaaua8e apH 3eMeH aTOMen B3pHa. IIpH B'b39yWIIeH B3pHB Ha MaJIKa BHCOUHHa paAHOaITHBHOTO 3apa3ABaHe e . nO-CHJIHO. B TBKbB c.ryua# OTHeHOTO KTan6o ce AOIIHpa AO 3eMsrra. rOpH$AT 3eMeH naaCT ce pa3Tana, pa36bpxBa ce c IIpOAyl(TBTe OT B3pHBa H ce pa3XB7>pIIH OT. yAapHaTa BbJma. 3Ha4HTenHa uacT OT paJHoaKTHBHHTe npO- AyKTH cc pa36bpRBaT c pa3TOneHaTa nOgBa H OCTaBaT B palloHa Ha B3pHBa B'bB BHA Ha paAHOaiTHBHa nenen. B o6naxa ce yBJm'BT roiTAMO KOJIHtieCTBo npax x paAHoaKTHBHa nenen, xo)To HocRT cbc ce6e cm paAHOaKTHBHH STOMA. C H3AHraHe Ha o6naxa H3BecTHa.uacT OT HaA-ejpHTa uacTxljH npax H paAxo- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 a1cTHBHa nenen naAaT Ha 3eMfITa H yCHJIBaT paAHO- aKTHBHOTO 3apa3xsaxe Ha MecTHOCTTa B paIOna Ha B3pHBa. IIaAaHCTO Ha paJHOaRTHBHH BeluecTBa Iipo- A1JnnaBa H no HLT$I Ha ABH)xeHHeTO in o6naxa, npH xoeTo ce o6pa3yBa 3apa3exa HBHua OT MecTHO- CTTa c HIHpOLIHHa HAKOJIKO KHnOMeTpa H 91,nxKe T$1XHaTa CKOpOCT Ha nagaHe (1-2 CM/ceK) e MHOr0 n0-maJlxa OT CKOpOCTTa Ha pa3HHTe BepTHKaJIHH TegeHHSI, CbnjeCTByBaIgH B'EB BE3gyxa. 3a ga MoraT BOAHHTe KaIIKH ga naAHaT Ha 3eM3ITa BEB BHA Ha A'b>Kg, Te Tpsl6Ba ga HMaT pa3MepH, He no-MaJII(H OT 0, 2 is - KanKH Ha MH.OrO CHTeH A'b A (A7,)3tAT,T pEMH). KanKHTe B o6JIaxa ce Ha- MHpaT B HenpeK'bCHaTO ABH>KeHHe. J1 BH>KeftKH ce BbB BCHLIKH HOCOKH, Te ce C6JIhCKBaT eAHa c Apyra H ce CJIHBaT B no-egpH xanxH. Kanxnze ce KOHgeH3HpaT no-Ao6pe, aHo BEB B'b3AyXa HMa TB'bpgH LIaCTHgH (npax, npOgyHTH OT ropexe H rip.). npH aTOMeH B3pHB rOJleMH BE3gyIIIHH MaCH, cEgEpwalljH BogHH napH, ce yBJIHUaT Harope. CnegoBaTeJIHO C H3gHraHCTO Ha aTOMHHSI o6Jlax ce yaeJiHtIaBa npHTO}ET Ha BJIara B ropHHTe aTMOCC4e- pHH nJIaCTOBe. OcHeH TOBa CEgbp>xalljHTe ce B o6JIaxa TB'bpAH tIaCTHim yCHJIBaT 3HaLIHTe.n o KOH- AeH3aIjH3ITa Ha BOAHHTe napH. J pe6HHTe KanKH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 ce oTnaraT B'bpxy gaCTHUHTe, c bg'bpK(aigH pagBo- aKTRBHH BeujeCTBa, H CJIeA ToEa naAaT B'bB BHg Ha gT,xKHO npH gBH>KeHHe no 3ap23CH np2HIeH nT,T npH CHJIeH BSIT'bp. Te nonaJj2T B opraHHaMa CT,II(O H C XpaHaTa H BOgaTa. PaJjMOaKTHBHHTe BeJ1eCTBa, I;HpxO- HH$IT, CTpOH4H5IT, 6apHHT - npe) HMHO B KOCTIITe; JIaHTaHT,T, UepHSIT, npa3eOj,HM'bT - B LIepHHH Apo6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 H T. H. CTeneHTa Ha nopa)KeHneTO 3aBHCH OT KOJIH- LIeCTBOTO Ha paAnoaRTHBHnTe BeluecTBa, nona,TjHaji B7bB B-bTpeInxocTTa Ha OpraBH3Ma, OT BIL a H eHep- rHHTa Ha H3nbtIBaHH3ITa, OT pa3npegeJIenxeTO Ha pa,i[HOaHTHBHHTe BelueCTBa B opraHH3Ma, OT nepnoga Ha noJlypa3nagaHCTo, OT BpeMeTO 3a OTCTpaHHBa- HCTO HM OT opraHn3Ma H OT gpyrH 4aKTOpn. HopagH TOBa IZ03aTa Ha BT,TpenIHOTO 06JIT,LIBaHe OT npOJjyK- THre Ha aTOMHHH B3pHB HJIH OT Ha}Ba ga e Apyra CMeC OT pagHOaKTnBHH H3OTOHH CC H3LIHCJI3IBa MHOro TpyAHO. fopa3S1Bal9OTO ,t (I3CTBHe Ha si peHHTe H3JI qBa- HHH e CBbp3anO C TSIXHaTa cHOCO6HOCT J;a I3OHn3npaT aTOMHTe H MOJIeKyJIHTe. O6atre Haper C TOBa Te Jjeit- CTByBaT H HanpaBO' B-bPXy BengecTBOTO, pa3K'bcBaftXH xHMHtlecxHTe Bp'b3KH B CJIO)K$flTe MOJIeKyJIH, nOHe)Ke eneprH5ITa, Heo(5xogHMa 3a TOBa pa3xccBaxe, tieCTO n7,TH e 3HagHTejn-Io no-MaJIKa OT eneprHSlTa, Heo6xo- aHMa 3a o6pa3yBaHe Ha HOHH. IIpH npxHOTO J;eH- CTBHe Ha 51gpeHHTe H3JIBXIBaHHSI ce pa3pyiuaBaT pa3JIHtIHHTe MaTepHaim H )KHBaTa Ti~KaH. HO 3a nOJlytlaBaHe Ha 3a6eJleHCHM e4)eKT ca Hy)KHH MHOrO roJIeMH 903H - CTOTH1H XHJIHgH pexrrena.? B 9eAcTBHTeJmoCT npH 903a I peHTreH B 1 2 B b3J;yX, BOJja H gpyrH JIe.XH BengeCTBa ce C'b3gaBaT 1, 6. 1012 ~BORHH fIOHH. Tvfi KaTO nJTTHOCrTa Ha BOAaTa H McHHTe TT,KaHH e npH6JIH3nTeJIHO egHaKB+a, TaKOBa KOJIHtieCTBO J;BOfIKH ItOHH ce o6pa3yBaT H B 1 2 T'bxaHH. Mow e ga ce CMHTa, ue MaxcHMaJIHHHT 6po# MOJIeKyJIH, K'bACTO ce pa3x bcBaT XHMHtIeCKHTe Bpb3ICH, c'bIuo Taxa e 1, 6. 1012. Ho B 1 2 Boga HMa 3,35. 1022 MoJlexyim. CJIe OBaTenao npH o6imti- Baxe J;axte c Jjo3a 1000 penrrena Ta3H LIaCT OT MOJie- KyJIHTe, B HO$ITO HaCTZ,nBaT XHMHLIeCKH H3MeHeHH31, cbcTaBH npH6JIH3HTeJIHo 2. 10-8 0/0 (JjBe CTOMH- JIHOHHH LIaCTH OT npo1 eHTa). B snpenH TOBa H3BeCTHO Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 e, tie HpH lio3a 500 - 600 peHTreHa o6JIbtIBaHe B nOBeqeTO cnyLlaH cc cmra AO Te>HHO 3a6onHBane. 3aTOBa IlopmeHHETO Ha T'bHOHHTe cc onpeAenH He OT np3IKOTO JJ(IICTBHe Ha H3JMIIB2I;MHTa, a OT KOCBeHOTO. TOBa cc nOTB'bp>HAc-Ba OT OHHTHH A2HHH. 143cyHIeHH (6e3BOJIHH) BHpycu, 6&KTepHH H ceMeHa yMHpaT HpH B-b3A(HCTIHe C 903H HHKOJIHO ACCCTKH XHJISIAH peHTreHa, a B'bB BOAeH pa3TBOp - C 903H HAKCJIKO CTOTHH OT peHTreHa. OTTyK cneABa, qe BOAHHTe MOneKynI HOA A(I3CTBHeTO Ha H3n'bLIBa- HHHTa BJIH31$IT MHOTO CHJIHO B-bpxy >KHBHTe opra- HH3MH. HOBegeTO H3CneLCBaTeJIH CMHTaT, ile nTbpBH- tIHOTO A(IkCTBHe Ha SIApeHIITe H3n'btIBaHHSI Cc CbCTOH B BOHH32IjHRTa Ha BOAFHTe MOJIEKynH, npHApy>ICena c o6pasyBaxe Ha HOBH MOJIeKynH H aTOMH, B3aHMo- A(I3CTBy138H9U noMe>KAy cm H BnHSIeJW B"bpxy >KHBaTa TTbK2H. Haft-BepOSITfH e CJIeAHHHT npcAec Ha I3OHH3a- IiH3ITa Ha BOAHHTe MOneKynH. HpH OTK'bCBaHe Ha eJleKTpOH OT BOAHaTa MOJICKyna cc nonyT-IaBa nOJIO>KH- TeneH I"30H H2O+, OTAeneHHSIT eJIeHTpOH Ha H3BeCTHO pa3CTOSIHHe ,npimmBa" K-bM Apyra MonexyJla - Cb3AaBa cc OTpHIiaTeneH on H2O-. O6pa3yBaJI14Te cc cIOHH ca HeyCT0ftLIMBH H 6'bp3O cc pa3HaAaT (AHCOljHH- paT) no cneJHaTa cXeMa: H2O+ H++OH; H2O-- + HO-+H. HapeA c AHcogHaIjHSLTa npoTHtla H o6paTHH3IT rlpo- uec - o6pa3yBaHe Ha Bo)IopoAHa ivloneKyna H Bo- AopoAeH npel1lc: H+H->H2; OH+OH-FH202. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 IIOA Ae*CTBHeTO Ha H3JITigBaHHR'ra MOHCe Aa ce H3BTapHIH H pa3naraxe Ha BOAHHTe MonexynH H Ha BOAopOABHR ripemnc: 2H2O -> H202+H2; H202 H2O + O, H OTHOBO Aa ce o6pa3yBaT HOBH MonexyJIH: H2+OH-- H20 +H; H202+H--, H2O+ OH; H+O.--HO2. BoAopoAwHRT iipexHC H. npOAyHTHTe OT pa311ara- HCTO (H,O,OH,H02) AaHCe B MHOro ManKH KOJIHge(TB1 ( ItCTByBaT BpCBHO B1 pXy HCHBaTa T xaH, KaTO Hapy- InaBaT He#Ha1a IiopMaJma HcH3HeAeRTeJIHOCT. IIOny- LIaBa ce cBoeo6pa3HO XHMHLIecxo OTpaBRHeHa opra- HH3Ma OT o6pa3yBaugHTe ce BeigecTBa. MHoro o^ H36pOCHHTe peai< i i, npoTHLIaII;H B'bB BoAa nog Ae iCTBHeTO Ha H3JITat3BaHHHTa, nOxa3BaT KOJIKO CJIO- niHo e ACACTBHeTO Ha H3n'bgBaHH5lTa BT.pxy opra- HH3Ma. 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HaCJIe.BaHHRTa BbpXy HCHBOTHH H sus Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 rlpaRTHxaTa npH pa6oTa c pellTreHOBH a-btiH noxa- 3BaT, Ile rOJISIMO 3HaueHHe HMa B'bnpOCBT, xax e ITOay- tieHa go3aTa: 3a np04j'bJI3wHTeMHO pee Han IcpaT- KOBpeMeHHO, ii e 6i e aH TH B'b3npneTa OT LjeJIHH opranH3"bM HJIH OT OTAeJIeH oprail. Oxa3Ba Ce, tie npa eJ1;HOxpaTHO o611-bgBaHe (HCrIPOq-bawwHTeaxo BpeMe) tiOBex nOHacH 6e3 BCSIxaxBH nocaeACTBHH 903a go 50 peHTreHa. uOBeHIKIITe T-bxaHH HMaT CnoCo6HOCTTa ga cc CaMOB-b3CTaHOBSIBaT, axo He ca nOBpeJZeHH MHOrO CHJIHO. 3aTOBa o6arbusaaeTO C MaaKa JJ;o3a npOAT.JI>KHTeJIHO pee e HO-6e3BpeJZHo, OTKOJIKOTO KpaTKOBpeMCHHOTO o6avtlBaHe C'bC CbnAaTa Ro3a. Haripnrep npH o6a-busaxe Ha MopcnH CBI-IHtieTa exceAHeBHO (B npo9vba>KeHHe Ha 8 Baca) c no 4,4 peHTreHa ca Hy>KHH 2900 peliTrella, 3a ga npeR- n3BHxaT c-bIgaTa. CM-bpTHOCT, HaRBaTO Ce Ha6alogaBa npn eRHOKpaTHO Bb3gd'CTBHe c JZo3a 300 peHTrexa. HepCOHaJMT OT peHTreHOBHTe xa6HHeTH, npHe- maI3xH e>KeJZHCBHO He no-roaaMa OT gonyCTnMaTa 3a Te3n cJlytlaa g03a (0,05 peHTreHa Ha AeH), 3a 20 rOJZHHn Henpeic niaTa pa60Ta c peHTreHOBH a'bTIH moxce ga noaytrH 9o3a oxoao 300 peHTrexa 6e3 yspe>x ane Ha 3gpaBeTO. jOnyCTHMHTe p03H 6eTa- n3JrbtlBaxe MoraT ga 6T aT no-roaeMH, T-bA xaTO 6eTa-tiacTHIjnTe npa B'bHHIHO o611'btIBaHe MoraT ga HOBpe)]S$T caMO BbHIIIHHTe TbxaHH Ha tiOBeLIIKOTO THJIO. B'THIHHOTO aa4)a-06JI'btIBaae He npeJZH3B14- RBa JrbtieBa 6OJIeCT. 06HKHOBeHOTO peHTreHOBO nperaea aHe Ha rpT-Jj- HH51 ROM Cb3gaBa 9o3a OKOJIO 0,1 peHTreHa. IIpIH aexyBaxe Ha 3aoxatleCTBeHH Ty,MIOpH MoraT ga cc H3- H0Jl3yB T H n0-roJIeMH McCTHH (JloxaJIIIH) J;o3a. Opra- Hn3M'bT IIOHaCSI TaKHBa A03I4 CpaBHHTeaHO 6e360ae- 3HeHo, noaexce H3JIbtIBaHHSiTa JZeI3CTByBaT Ha MariKa n.rxou . Bb B BpT,3Ka C TOBa nHTepeCHO e ga cc OT6e- JIe>xn, tie pvt1HHTe tiaCOBHHL H CbC CBeTeaAH Iia4Iep- 166 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 6JiaTH, KoHro cbAbp>KaT oxoJlo 1 MHKporpaM paAHH, cT,3AaBaT 9o3a 0, 1 peHTrexa B AeH. HHKOI3 OT npH- Te)KaTeJiHTe Ha TaKHBa uacOBHHI(H, pa36Hpa Ce, He noJIyLiaBa HHxaxBO, Aaxce H Hatt-cJIa6o Hopaxce- HHe, Maxap LIe MHOTO OT TRX rH HOC$IT HRKOJIKO roAHHH, 6e3 Aa rH CHeMaT OT p'BKaTa CH. KaK npOTHLIa JrbgeBaTa 60JIeCT? HepocpeACTBeHO CJIejj BT,3AE ICTBHeTO? Ha roJIFMH 903H H3JI7,LIBaHe O6HHHOBeHO Ce pa3BHBa Taxa HapH- iIaHaTa (f a3a Ha HT,pBHLIHaTa peaia i , HORTO HpO- A1JIxcaBa OT HHKOJIKO Baca AO HHHOJIKO AeHOHO- I4HR H ce H3pa33IBa B o6nna CJIa6OCT, CTOMamHO- xipeBHH pa3cTpolicTBa H 3ary6BaHe Ha aneTHr. CTa- BaT H3MexeHHR CT,I40 H B CT,CTaBa Ha xp1,BTa. 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Ta6nnga 17 HpeAenao AOUYCTHMa xoHIeHTpauax Ha paAHOaKTE8HH Ben;ecTBa B'hE B7.3Ayxa Ha pa6OTHHTe HoMeujeaHSI H B'bB BOAaTa Ha OTxpHTHTC BOAoeMH Hpejenno AonycT (B 10OpH i4Ma noageHTpaL1HH Ha nHTI.p) Ra223 1.10-14 5.10-11 Sr90-Y90 1.10-12 1.10-9 J131 5.10-12 5.10-9 Sr89 1.10-11 1.10-8 Ca45 5.10-11 5.10-8 Ba140.-La140 5.10-11 5.10-8 p32 1.10-10 1.10-4 C11 5.10-9 1.10-6 Na24 5.10-9 1.10-5 I I [ZoMeH;eHHSITa, B KOHTO ce pa60TH C paJjHO2HTHBHH BenjecTBa, TpH6Ba Jja 6-bJjaT HpocTOpHH, CBeTnH 13 o63aBeACHH C BeHTHnaIlHH. noB-bpxxocTTa Ha pa6o- THIITe Maces, CTeHHTe H HoJUST Tpn6Ba Jja 6-b jaT rnagiKaBa OT rama-1431rbTIBaHe H oCBo6o>Kga- Bane Ha HeyTpoHH; npoJLyKTHTe Ha peaxuuRTa - ?napueTaTa" OT AeneHHeTO - ca H3TOgHHuH Ha 6eTa- H raMa-H3JI'WIBane; HeB3pHBHnaTa ce LI3CT OT 3a- paJ;a npe Ii3BHKBa an4)a-H3JrbLIBane. 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Pa.HOaKTHBHOTO 3apa3s1BaHe Ha McCTHOCTTa npH Bo opo el B3pHB ce onpeAeim OT ABa 4)aKTopa: OT H31(yCTBeHaTa (BT,36yAeHaTa) pagHoaKTHB- HOCT B rIOLIBaTa; - OT na,aHeTO Ha paAHoaKTHBHHTe BeweCTBa OT o6pa3yBaJIHH ce o6iiax. IIpH BoAopoEeH B3PHB Tp316Ba Aa ce otaKBa HO-CHJIHa 143HyCTBeHa paAHoaKTHBHHTT B psxoHa Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Ha B3pHBa, noI-Ie}Ke HeyTpoHHTe, HaganuH Ha egHHH Ua nJIOH{ OT 3eMHa noB'bpxnoCT, B TO3H cnyuaK ca noBetIe. Pa3MepHTe Ha 3apa3eH14H yilaCT'bH CbwO Ce yBeJIH- gaEaT. IIaAaHeTO IIa paJZHOaKTHBHH BeH;ecTBa OT o6JIaKa e,jBa JIH we 6'b4e rOJIHMO, noHexte HOBCLICTO OT paJZno- axTHBnnTe Be1IweCTBa ce pa3CeI3BaT B aTMOC4)e- paTa. 143BeCTHO KonnileCTBO paJZnoaKTHBeH npax H nenen, KOBTO ce np bcxaT B aTMOCCjepaTa npH B3pnsa, Mo>xe ga ce pa3npOCTpann no LjHJIOTO 3eMHO K'bn6O BcneJxcTBHe?o6waTa aTMOC4)epna nHpxynarHn. Ocno- BHaTa q-IaCT OT paanoaKTHBHHTe BewecTBa naJ;a no nocoKa Ha BAT-bpa. 3a npeuna3Baxe OT paJxnoaKTHBHOTO JzekCTBHe BoI[opogHaTa 6omCCa B C'bBeTCKHH C'b103 (B KpaH Ha 1955 r.) e 6Hr.a B3pnseHa Ha ronxma BHCO=IHHa. IIpH 143npO6Baxe Ha BOgopoJZHaTa 6oM6a B CAIIU Ha 1 mapT 1954 roAHHa 11a aTOna EHHBeTOK (THxH oxeaH) paAHOaKTnBHH BeIuecTBa nawiann Ha ronHMO pa3- CTO3iHHe OT MHCTOTO Ha B3pHBa. BOM6aTa e 6nna B3p1BeHa Ha ManKa BHCOLI1Ha (3eMeH B3pHB). B TaWbB cnyvaK, KaKTO ce IIOCOLIH no-rope, B o6Jlaxa ce yBJlnua rOnlIMO KOnHLIeCTBO npax H nenen, KOCTO ynecHHBa nagaHCTO Ha 3HauHTenna uaCT OT pagno- aKTHBBHTe BewecTBa no ,ciiegaTa" Ha o6naxa. Tpn LIaca cneJ; B3pHBa Hag MOpeTO 3ano 1Han JZa BaJ111 AT'b , CJZ OT' pagHoaxTHBHa nenen. Hog neneJiTa nonaAHan HIOHCHI$IT pm6onOBeH KOpi6 ,, yxypyH Mapy" N2 5 c 23 pH6apn, KOHTO no BpeMe Ha B3pHBa ca 6nna Ha pa3CTOHHHC OKOJIO 100 MHnH 3anaAHO OT BHKIiHn, JZaneu 3aJZ rpaHILUHTe Ha 3a6pareHaTa 3o1Ia. Pn6apnTe cHOxOHHO ce 3annmaB2nH C pH6o- noBa H ne noAo3Hpann 3acTpanlaBawaTa rH ona- cHOCT. Te He 3Haejii Ha KaKBO ce L'bJI}KM na)xawaTa nenen H KaKBO e He1tHOTO JZddCTBHe. HocTpaganHTe pH6apn ce B-bpH2JIW B C$oeTO npncTaHHj4e Ha 14 MapT 176 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 H egBa Torasa nonymum McAHIIHHCKa nOMOig. EAHH OT nOCTpaAanHTe - gnoHCKHSIT pH6ap Ky6osima - cTaHan )xepTBa Ha aMepHxaHCKHTe-OHHTH C B,- AO,pOTIHOTO op'bmm. OnHTHTe Ha CAM C BOAOpo- Axa 6om6a npeRH3BHxa.rlH 6e3nOKOIkCTBHe B uslna 5InOHHSI, T'bIR xaTO LIaCT OT ' pH6aTa, HOSITO e 6Hna JIOBeHa oxOno HnOHCxns1 6psIr ce oxa3ana C'bu40 Taxa 3apasexa. B mopeTO 6HJIH xwbpneHH CTOTHI;H H XHJISIAH TOHOBC 3apa3ena pH6a. CnpaBeAJInBOTo aWb3MyIL HHe Ha 31HOHCKH51 Hapo. 6eme noAAbp)H H0 OT MHJIHOHH o6HxHOBeHH xopa. Bop6aTa 3a 3a6pa- H5IBaHe Ha BOAOpOAHOTO op'b)HHe, xaHTO n APYFHTe cpejcTBa 3a Macoso yHnuLo>Kellne, 06xnana ulHpo- xnTe MacH Ha HaceneHHeT0 no ueJIHH CB$IT. Ko6anzoBa 6oM6a. Arco o6BHBxaTa Ha BoAopO- AHaTa 6oM6a ce HanpaBH OT x MnLIecKH eneMeHTH, B xOHTO H0A AdkCTBHeTO Ha HeyTpOHHTe ce o6pa3yBaT paAHOaHTHBHH H3OTOHH, n3nyCKaIIlH raMa-n'brn Him 6eTa-LIaCTHIjH, KOJIHqeCTBOTO Ha paAHOaKTHBHIHTe BeLI ecTBa, o6pa3ysaunH ce npl3 B3pHBa, ce yBeJIHqaBa. Hep110 1 T Ha nonypa3naAaxeTO Ha TOHHBa eneMeHTH moxce Aa 6ibAe HHKOJIHO Meceua $nH Aaxce HSIKOJIKO roAHHH. B LIy)KAHSI neLlaT HeBe,IIJI'b)K ce cnomeHa- Baule xo6aJIT'bT KaTO eAHH OT H8I3-BB3MOHCHHTe eneMeHTH 3a Cb3,,qasane Ha cnei antra 6om6a 3a np0A'bJIH(1Tenxo 3apa3slBane na MecTHOCTTa. Ko6aJ TBT HMa eAHH CTa6nnex H30TOn -Co59. npH 3aJIaB3IHe Ha HeyTpOH OT aTOMHOTO s1ApO Ha C 59 ce noJlyuaBa paAHOaKTHBHHSIT 143OTOn E080, KOHTO HMa nepHOA Ha noJlypa3na.aHe 5 rOAHHH H H3nyCKa raMa-JI'btIH H 6eTa-LIaCTnun (c Ma mca eHeprHSI). OCBeH xo6aJITa MoraT Aa 6'bAaT H3nOJl3yBaHH IIHHK (Zn 5 HMa nepioj Ha noJrypa3naAaHe T = 250 AeHa), ue3HI3 (CS134, T = 2 roAHHH) H H$IHOH Apyrn eneMeHTH, IIpI3Te- )KaBau;H Ao6pa cnoco6HOCT Aa 3aJIaBSIT HeyTporHTe. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 110 TaxbB HaTIHH xo6aJITOBaTa 6oM6a npHHLHHHO He e HOB Bii op'bwHe. TH npeACTaBnxBa BOJjopo Ha, ypaHOBa HJIH IJIyTOHHeBa 6om6a, LIHeTO paJjHOaxTH- BHO -gtACTBHe e ycHneHO CTic cneIjHa rno nog6paHH eneMeHTH. BIB BCHLIHH CnytlaH, xoraTO npH SIJxpexaza peaKLjHx 'ce oTJjeim roJuxMo xonnueCTBO HeyTpoHH, Mo>He ga ce roBOpH 3a cTb3gaBaxe Ha xO6aJITOBa, Lje3Hena Him xaKBa ga e Apyra 6om6a. ,ILa pa3rne,ijame xaHBH ca 6oItHHTe B'b3MO)HHOCTH Ha xo6aJITOBaTa 6oM6a. Axo 12 KO BoJjopoJjeH 3ap i ce o6rpa,i i c Ko6an- TOBa o6BHBxa Taxa, qe BCHLIxH HeyTpoHH ga 6'bgaT 3anOBeHH OT i paTa Ha Jo6aJITOBHTe aTOMH, o6njaTa B'b36ygeHa aRTHBHOCT n e 6-bge nOBe*-Ie OT 1 MHJIHapg xIOpn. Ho H3BeCTHO e, tie Hp1 B3PHBaBaHe Ha TaKaBa 6oM6a ce o6pa3yBaT H npOAyKTH OT geneHHeTO Ha aTOMHHII 3ap3ig. IIpH B'b3JjylneH B3pHB Ha TaKaBa Ho6anTOBa 6oM6a CHJIHO 3apa3SlBaHe He MOHCe g a ce nonytiH. B n'bpBHSI MOMeHT 3apa3HBaHCTO e TaKOBa, xaxTO H npH 6oM6a 6e3 Ko6aJITOBa o6BHBxa. PagHo- axTHBHHHT xo6aJIT, naJjnaJI Ha 3emsTa, . npe)1113Bn- KBa MHOro yCTOI3tIHBO 3apa35IBane. j1a)xe npH Manxa xOHLjeHTpaL[HH TO MO)Ke ga 3aTpyJjHH npo bJDHHTeJI- HOTO npeCTOHBaIIe B Ta3H McCTHOCT. B ]jHHKOBaTa o6BHBxa aKTHBHOCTTa e J;eceTKH n'bTH no-Manxa, a B CTOMaHCHaTa o6BHBxa - mono 10 000 n'bTH. BOIjOpOJ[HHHT 3ap i.r mowe ga ce o6rpagH c nnaCT nprp-)gen (Hepa3geJIeH) ypaH. HeyTpOHHTe, KOHTO ce OTgenHT npH CIIHTe3aTa Ha XenHSI, B3aHMo- gCI3CTBYBaT C aTOMHHTe ngpa Ha ypalla; npH Arne- HHeTO Ha si paTa ce O6pa3yBaT HOBH pagHOaHTHBHH Slijpa. O611AOTO xonntleCTBO in pagHOBKTHBHHTe npO, yxTH OT B3pHBa e no-ronHMO. Cne9OBaTenHo ce yBenHtIaBa H CTeneHTa Ha paljHOaHTHBHOTO 3apa35I- Bane. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 VI. AEfCTBHSI B PAAHOAKTHBHO 3APA3EHA MECTHOCT H 3AIqHTA OT PAAHOAKTHBHHTE BE LECTBA 1. AE1!CTBHfI B MECTHOCT, 3APA3EHA C PAJXHOAKTHBHH BEIIJECTBA IIpH ynoTpe6a Ha aTOMHO opbxcxe OT rremm si JIHtieH C1CTaB Ha Li opixceHHTe cHJIH noBege OT xoraTO H ga 6HJIO ce H311Cxsa oTJrngHa rro T roToBHa, H3,I;p'I HQIHBOCT, yCTOF*LIHBOCT, >xeJIS13Ha BOHHCxa gH- cgHnJIHHa 11 HenpeKJIOHHa BOJISI 3a no6ega Hag Bpara. 3a ga ce i3n',JUIH ycneiIHo 6o1 HaTa 3agaga, BCeRH Bo1 HHx e I JrbxceH OTJIHgHO ga 3Hae CBOHTe 3agbJlx(e- HHH, yMeno ga geACTByBa npi ynoTpe6a Ha aTOMHo opbxcHe, npoHBHBa#xH B 6osI pa3yMHa HHHIWaTHBa H c'bo6pa3HTeJIHOCT. IIpeRH BCHLIKO e Heo6xo I ifMo ga ce 3HaSIT CHrHa- JIHTe 3a aTOMHa H XHMHLIecxa TpeBora II Ha'IHHa 3a I e#CTBHe npH T31X CHrxaJI 3a aTOMHa TpeBora ce noj[,I;aBa canto npH HeIIocpe9cTBexa OnaCHOCr OT aTOMHO Hana,geHHe OT CTpaHa Ha npOTHBHHxa. O6atie aTOMHOTO Hana) eHHe He MOxce ga 6vge npHgHHa 3a npexpaTSIBaHe Ha 6o3r. KoraTO ce tlye HJn3 BHJjH cHrHa- JPbT 3a aTOMHa TpeBora, Tp}16Ba ga ce npHBe)jaT B rOTO- BHOCT HHgHBHJjyaJIHHTe cpej[CTBa 3a npOTHBOXHMH- LIecxa 3ai4HTa H ga ce npOgT)Jmm H3nrbJIHeHHeTO Ha 6oih aTa 3ai aqa. A}O B MOMeHTa Ha nOJjaBaHe Ha CHrrajra He ce BO,1;H 6oft, Hyx{HO e ga ce B3eMaT Mepx} 3a JIxLIHa 3aMK a H 3aMHTa Ha OpbxrieTO OT nOpa EeHHSITa Ha aTOMHHSI B3pHB. 179 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 chuz. 42. IIpeoAoJIasaxe Ha 3apa3eH yuaCThx c Taax IIpI3 OTxpHBaHe Ha yuaCT'bI;I3 OT MecTHOCTTa, 3apa- 3eHH c paAHoaxTHBHH Be1I1eCTBa, ce noAaBa cnrxaJI 3a xi im-iecHa TpeBora. CneA TO3H CHTHaJI TpH6Ba 6"bp3o Aa ce HOCTaBH rIpOTHBOra3'bT, a axo e Iieo6xo- AHMO, H 3aMHTHO IiaMeTano, TIopaHH H p-mxaBHuH 14 Aa ce npoAjbJI>HH H3H'bMIxeHIHeTO Ha 6oi3HaTa 3aAaga. ARo 6or3HaTa 06CTaI-IOBxa rI03B0JIBBa, 3a 3au.(HTa OT paAHoaHTH'BHHTe BeIIUeCTBa ce 113HOJI3yBaT H yxpH- THSITa MeCTHOCT, xo5ITO e 3apa3exa c paAHoaxTHBHH Be- II{ecTBa, e ACCT-bHHa 3a 6OI3HH AeI3CTBHH. O6aLIe 3a Aa ce H36SIrxaT HOpaHKEO, ga ce H3KJII0'IaT BeHTHJIaTOpIITe Ha 6CI%IHOTO oTJjeileHne. TaHKOBHHT eRHrHW. HFKTO e nOKa3aHO B .recHHA ropeH 'br'bJl Ha C~HrypaTa, pa6oTH C IIOCTaBeHn npo- THBOra3n. B aBTOMo6HJIHTe ((pnr. 43) TpH6Ea ga ce 3aTBOp31T CTpaHHLIHHTe H np(J[HIITe CT'bKJIa n >KaJiy3hTe. IIpH 3aJI5IraHe B 3apa3eH yiiaCT'bK, 06CTpeJIBaH OT npOTHBHI'Ka (4)Hr. 44), Tpx6Ba ga ce 143r.OJ13yBaT HaMeTaJIo-nOCTeJIKHTe, IIJIaa -nasIaTKHTe m IIOCTeJ1- KHTe, HanpaBeHH CT HOJjp'b*dHH cpeACTBa. IIpH oxo- naBaHe OTIIatjaJIO ce CHeMa ropHHAT HJIaCT 3eMA It BHHMaTeJIHO ce n3XB'bpJIB no riocma Ha BAT'bpa. BOeLL'bT TrH6Ba J;a ce oxonasa, JIe>KEI3Kn Ha IIocTeJI- KaTa, KaKTO e nOxa3aH0 B ropHaTa LIaCT Ha 4)Hr. 44. B paJjHOaxTHBHO 3apa3eHa MCCIHOCT He Tp56Ba ga ce nynlI, ga ce nxe H ga ce Age, 3a ga He nonaJjnaT paJjHOaRTHBHH BeIIjeCTBa B opraHn3Ma. He 6HBa Jja ce nnnaT H B3eMaT HI4KaKBH CTpaHHLIHH npeJjMeTH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Pus. 44. IIpeoAOJIHBaHe Ha 3apa3eH yvacrbK, o&&TpeneaH OT HpOTHBHHKa. ABH>KeHHeTO ce H3B'bplHBa c Hpe6elKK4, KaTO HpH 3aaaHraHe ce H3HOJI3yBa HaMeTaJIO-HOCTeJIKaTa. B ropnaTa gaCT Ha 4)HrypaTa e HOKa3aHO Kai Ce OKOHaBa (50eIl'bT B aapa3eHa McCTHOCT Axo He e Heo6xoJHMO, iie Tpa6Ba Aa ce BnH3a B 3apa3eHHTe 30HH, HOHTO ca 03HatieHH c HpeAyHpe- AHTeJIHH 3HaiuH. HpH yrOTpe6a Ha aTOMHO Op b)KHe TpiI6Ba HOCTOHHHO Aa ce HonaraT rpH)KH 3a 3ana3- BaHe Ha op'b)-HeTO, TexHHxaTa, HOCHMHH 3aIiac OT HpoAOBOJICTBHe H BOAa, KaKTO H JIHtIHHTe BeujH OT 3apa3SIBaHe c pagHoaKTHBHH BeiijeCTBa. Cna3BaHeTO Ha H3IOH(HHTe HpaBHna 3a 6e3oHac- HOCT, HpOCTH H Han-WHO H3HMnHHMH, AaBa Ha 6oerla B-b3MO)4HOCT ycneulxo Aa H3H'bJIHH 6oI3HaTa 3aAatia H Aa ce HpeAHa3H OT Hopa)KeHHeTO Ha paAHOaKTHB- HHTe BeHqeCTBa. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 2. MEPKII 3A 3AIIXHTA HA XOPATA OT PAAHOAKTHBHHTE BEII(ECTBA IIo6ejtaza Hag Bpara ce nocTHra c Hag-ManxH 3a- ry6H pea cMeJIH H peUIHTeJIHH ReftcTi wr, a CbWo TaKa H HaTO ce B3eMaT MepKH 3a 3aWHTa OT nopa3H- BaWOTO j(etICTBHe Ha aTOMHOTO opbmme. MepKHTe 3a 3aWHTa xaKTO OT aTOMHOTO opbK(He C B3pHBHO Ije i- CTBHe, TaKa H OT 6ottHHTe paAHoaKTHBHH BeWeCTBa HMaT 3a iien ga OCHrypHT Bo cxaTa OT HenocpegCTBe- HOTO B'b3z ex"rCTBHe Ha TOBa op-mKHe H j;a 3ana35IT TSIXHaTa 60AHa rOTOBHOCT. Te3H MepxH ce cna3BaT HenpelcbCHaTO He CaMO B'bB BCHLIKH BH90BC 60H HO H KoraTO BOI CKHTe ce HaMHpaT B jjbn6OKHH THn. 3aWHTaTa Ha BO.4CKHTe OT nopa3HBaWOTO j;erICTBHe Ha aTOMHOTO op bH(He ce nOCTHra : - C yMeno H3nOn3yB2H ~ Ha 3a14HTHHTe CBO1 CTBa Ha McCTHOCTTa H 4)opTH4)HKaI.AHOHHHTe cbOp-b>(eHHH; C Boi eHe Ha paj;HaIIHOHHO pa3y3HaBaHe; C 6bp3O H npaBHJIHO H3non3yBaxe Ha HHJZH- BHE yanHHTe H KOneKTHBHHTe cpeACTBa 3a npOTHBO- XHMHLIeCKa 3aWHTa, - c c C2HHTapHa o6pa6OTKa Ha JIHgHHH c'bcTaB, K2RTO H C jje3aXTHBaIAHH Ha 6C#HaTa TeXHHKa, o6- JIeKJIOTO, CHapHH(eHHCTO H n03141XHHTe. B rnaaa III pa3rnegaxMe KaK ce H3HOJI3yBaT 4 opTH4)HKaI[HOHHHTe Cbopb)KeHHH H pa3Jn3iIHHTe eCTeCTBeHH yxpHTHH 3a 3aWHTa OT BCHLIKH nopa3H- BaWH I1aKTOpH Ha aTOMHHH B3pHB, BKnIOtiHTeJIHO H npOHHKBaujaTa paj;Hai[HH. Cera j;a pa3rJlej;aMe rro- HOp9pO6HO H3nOn3yBaHeTO Ha Te3H ChopT,H(eHHH 3a 3aWHTa OT paghoaKTHBHHTe BeneCTBa. PaJHOaRTHBHHTe BCIUeCTBa B 3apa3exaTa MCCTHOCT H3nyCKaT raMa-n7,tIH, a CbWO Taxa H 6eTa- H an4)a- tIaCTHIrH. OT. rriej;Ha TOiixa Ha B L HIIIHOTO o6JrbxiBaHe Haft-onaCHH ca raMa-n'btlHTe, nOHex(e 6eTa- H oco6eHo Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 06,teknomo hanb4 HO 'xadbpHSa a4Oa- iacmuy,umc u Ok2OAO L1opnyca a 6poHi ma Ha maHka HanbAHO 3a&,p? am aA(ba u 6ema -,[acmuz3ume u tacmuwHO Zama - Ab ume llokpu6a a cineuun7e Ha noa 6pycn76epHume 6AUHaamU u ckpu6anuusama 14a176~1 HO saaapmam ,cw,a -nauume (hue. 45. 3au 1iTHH CBO CTBa Ha pa3JIH4HHTe nperpaJH cpeuiy pa,gHoaRTHBHH Han susaHHH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 17pomu6oea~, -3acr3u .,en ~U.;u pan . o 6.i4PU_'J;a c kaky~.:: u pakd6uL u 3au.4umuu ,topanu Zuz. 46. IHHIHBHAyanHH cpeRcTBa 3a npOTHBOXHMH4ecKa 3algHTa Ha BOfIHHKa (BJIABO) H Ha MaTpOCa (BAHCHO) an(ca-uaCTHI(HTe CHJIHO ce nornmbll;aT OT pa3JIHLIHHTe nperpauH. O6JlexnoTO HanbJIHO 3agbpxKaTa Ha rnaBaTa OT nopa>KeHHSITa Ha paAHOaRTHBHHTe BeujecTBa. 3a ripegiia3BaHe Ha Ko>xaTa, C6JIeKJIOTO H O6yBKHTe cnyxcaT 3auWHTHOTO HaMeTano, 3aujHTHHTe tiopanH H 3aujHTHHTe pT,KaBHIIH. AiGHeTO H TexHHxaTa ce H3TpHBaT 3-4 H'bTH CIIC cyx XIHCT napl;an. HJIH KrbJILiHH;a. LIacTHLIHaTa ge3aKTHBaLjHH Ha o611eKJIOTO, cxap5i- >KeHHeTO H HHZj1BHgyanHHTe cpeJjcTBa 3a HpOTHBO- XHMHtiecxa 3a1I HTa ce H3B-bpIIIBa upe3 H3T'bPCBaxe H H3MHTaxe Ha pagHOaKTHBHHH Hpax (CHI'. 54). B He3apa3eH palkoH 3a HoiiHCTBaxe Ha o6nexnoTO, cxa- pH>KeHHeTO H o6yBKHTe MoraT ga ce H3HOJI3yBaT CHOHLIeTa OT ceHO HJIH TpeBa. AKO HMa AOCTaT'bTIHO BpeMe H HpH 6naronpHaTHa O6CTaHOBKa CHapS)Ke- HHeTO H O6neKJIOTO Ce CHeMaT, H3T'bpCBaT ce H ce H3- TyHBa HpaX'bT. 3HMHO pee o6neKJIOTO, CHapHwe- HHeTO H O6yBKHTe moraT ga ce Jje3aKTHBHpaT C He- 3apa3eH Mir. n'bn[iaTa J;e3aKTHBaijHH Ha op-b>xHeTO, TeXBHKaTa, 06neKJIOTO H CHapsIHCeHHeTO ce HpaBH CaMO B He- 3apa3eH paROH Ha cneI;HaJIHO HpHrOTBeHH HJIOII;a,4KH. Pa60TaTa ce pbKOBOJjH H KoHTTponnpa OT JIHI;a, ripe- MHHanH CHeI;HaJIHa Ho,I;roTOBKa. LIpH HmuuHa Jje3- aKTHBaI ISI 06neKJIOTO ce 113HHpa H3H ce H3TyfBa Jjo6pe, a cpeJLcTBaTa 3a HpoTHBOxHmHLlecxaTa 3aII;HTa ce H3MHBaT c I;e3aKTHBHpaII;H pa3TBOpH HRH Bo) a. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Our.. 54. Hamm xagxn8 sa vacTliqua Ae3axTHBalWHIHa o6nexnoTo m cxapxxcexeero. rope - E3mpcBaue Ha mu- Hen; Aony - nommma a ia' ccapstxteexero a 06nexnoTo cbc cHongeTa ceao K3IX pea Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 cue. 55. 11 ma Ae3axTHBaIIHH Ha op'b>HHeTO H 6oHxara Texxxxa: a - nbnHa Ae3aHTHB39HH Ha opbHCHC C'6C CneglianeH Aera3agxoneH npn6op; 6 - ubnxa Ae3aITHBaig1H Ha opbAHe c aBTOM06HnHa Aera3agHOHHa MamIHHa; 6-nbn- Ha AC3aETHBagIH Ha Tares C aBTopaanHBkia CTaHUHH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Op'bHCHeTO H 6ofHaTa TexHHHa ce Ae3aRTHBHpaT no eiHH OT cneAHHTe HatmHH : H3MHBaxe Ha paAHOaxTHB- HHTe Beu;ecTBa C BOAHa CTpy$l; H3MHBaxe Ha paAHO- aKTHBHHTe BeujeCTBa C BOAa, xaTO eAHoBpeMeHHO ce H3TPHBa nOBTapxHocTTa c tieTxa, napljan Him xLnLIH- iga; H367ipCBaHe c ueTxH H TaMnoHH, HaMOxpeHH C Boga; H3MHBaHe Ha tiacTHTe B 6eH311H HJHI ra3. 3HM- HO BpeMe 3a Ae3axTHBaIwH ce H3nOJI3YBaT He3aMp'b3- Ban.M BOAHH pa3TBOpH, 6eH3HH HAH ra3. MoraT Aa ce H3nOn3YBaT 39 Aera3aIMOHHH pa3TBOpH. 3a ge3axTHBagHSI ce H3nOn3yBaT pa3fHMHH gera- 3ar HOHHH MauuiHH H npH60pH (aBTOgera3agHOHHa Mauu3Ha, aBTOpa3J1HBHa CTBH1 HH, pbtleH Aera3agHo- HeH npH6Op H Ap.), HaKTO H gHCTepHH, noxcapHH MaunIHH H Ap. Ha (4Hr. 55 e noxa3axa n-bji a Ae3- axTHBaImSI Ha op7.xcxeTO H 6o1Hara TexHHxa (Ha op,LgHe H TaHx). 7. AE3AKTHBATI HA IIO3HAHHTE H MECTHOCTTA TpaHlueH,, xorOBe 3a cLo6n eHHe x OxofR c o6- JIH9OBaHH CTeHH ce Ae3aKTHBHpaT B c JegHH$ peg. OT 6epMaTa ce CHeMa 3-4 cm npTLcT H ce H3xB'Bpns 3aA 6pycTBepa, caeg xoeTO CTeHHTe ce H3MHTaT C BnaHiHa McTMa HJIII c BJIaHC H cxorPleTa OT Tpesa HnH cnlaia. CneA TOBa ce cHeMa 3-4 cAe upT.cT OT gTbHOTO Ha oxona HJM TpaomesITa H ce npeHaCH B cneI;Haimo onpeAeneHO MSICTO. Heo6.iun oBaHHTe cfeHH Ha TpaxuleETe ce notlH- CTBaT c nonaTa, xaTo ce CHeMa nnacT, Ae6en 3-4 cm. npH Ae3axTHBa9H3I Ha nO3HI HHTe BCHtIKH pa6OTH Ce H3B'bpmBaT, 6e3 ga ce Hapynlana MacrHposxaTa. HoMeu;eHHHTa H 3axpHTHTe cbopsH(eHHSi ce Ae3- 3axTHBHpaT, xaTO ce nOtmcrBaT TaBaHTaT, nog BT H CTeHHTe C BnaHCHH napga.m Him ce H3MHTaT c Bnaxcm McTJIH H tlencHH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 3apa3eHa MeCTHOCT ce ge3aHTHBHpa, xaTO ce no- 'tIHCTBaT pagmoaKTHBHHTe BeujeCTBa OT noB'bpXHOCTTa HAH ce rloxpxsa 3apa3eHaTa McCTHOCT c nJlacT OT He3apa3eHH MaTeplaJIH. H JjBaTa Hatm na H3HCKBaT MHOr0 pa6OTa H BpeMe, 3aTOBa ce ge3a1KTHBHpaT CaMO ,OTJjeJIHII ytlaCTmIiH OT McCTHOCTTa, rJ1aBH0 IIpOXOJjHTe H McCTaTa, HT4 TO ca pa3noJT0>KeHH 6oI3HaTa TexHHKa H JIH'IHH$IT cIcTaB. TB-bpAH HaCTHJTKH (acd)aJIT, 6eTOH, HIICTH Ha aepOApyMIITe) Cc IIOtTHCTBaT OT paJ(HOaKTHBHHTe BenjeCTBa tlpe3 H3MHTaHe Ha npaxa IIJIr1 H3MHBaHe C BoJja. Ha o6HKHOBeHHTe McKH nOXIBH Tp316Ba ga cc CHeMe rOpHHHT IIJTaCT, KaTO 3a TOBa cc H3HOJ13yBaT rpefTJjepH (KaKTO rlpHKatIrrl, Tai-ca H aBTorpeAgepH); cxperrepH H 6yJI9o3epH (4)Hr. 56). MecTuocTTa mo)xe ga ce ge3aKTHBHpa trpe3 3a- CHIIBaHe Ha 3apa3eHHH ytlaCTTbK c He3apa3eH IIJIaCT 'OT IIp'bcT HJIH JjpyrH HacTHJIKH. IIpH onpeJjenxxe o6eMa Ha pa6oTaTa no Jje3aKTH- BaI;H3ITa Ha meCTHOCTTa Tps16Ba ga ce pa3nojlara c B'b3MO>KHO HO-TOtIHH JjaHHH 3a pa3MepIITe Ha 3apa- 3eHHH ytlaCT'bK H 3a CTeHeHTa Ha pagHagIDITa B Hero, oco6eHO B paI3OHa, B KO1 TO ca pa3nOJIOHCeHH BOVICKHTe HJIH Ha6cJI313aHHTC MapllIPYTH 3a Z[BIISKeHHe. B Ha- ccJTeHHTe rIyHKTOBe ac4)aJITHpaHHTe H HaBHpaHHTe yJTHI1H cc JLe3aKTHBHpaT 1qpc3 Cb6HpaHe Ha cMeT- Ta HO TAX H H3MHBaHeTO HM C BOJjHa CTpy51. Cb6- paHaTa CMeT Tp56Ba ga cc 3axorae B 3eMATa. Ilpn OpraHH3aWT ITa Ha Jje3aHTHBaIjHOHHHTC pa- ,60TH TpH6Ba HO B-b3MO>KHOCT, KOJIKOTO nO3BOJISIBa o6cTaHOBKaTa, ga cc H3H0JI3yBa TaKa HapetreHaTa CaMOJje3aKTHBarjHH, T. e. HaMaJTHBaHe CTeHeHTa Ha 3apa3SlBaHeTO BCJIeJjCTBHe CaMOBOJIHOTO pa3rlaJjaBe Ha paJjHOaKTHBHHTe BerljeCTBa. KaKTO nee cc Ka3a, OCHOBeH Ha1THH 3a 3aH1HTa OT paJ[HOaKTHBHHTe BecJjeCTBa IIpH JjeHCTBHe B 3apa3eHa McCTHOCT -e HaMaJIABaHeTO Ha HpeCTOSI B 3apa3eHH31 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Ouz. 56. MaIHHIIH, xoxro MoraT Aa ce H3non3ysaT 3a Ae3ax- THHaIWH Ha n7,THn;a H y*IaCT4,I~H OT McCTHOCTra ytlacri,x H npegOTBpaTHBaHe noriagaxeTO Ha paAHo- aICTHBHH Ben;ecTBa Blapxy xoHCaza H B opraHH3ma. CiBpeMem aTa TeXHHxa, ROHTO pa3BHBa ronfMa CHOpOCT Ha gBHnKeHHe, IIO3BOnsIBa Aa ce Clla3H IITp- BOTO OT IIOCotieHHTe ycJIOBHSI; BTOpOTO ycnoBHe ce cna3Ba c H3noJI3yBaxe Ha HHJ HBHgyaJIHHTe cpeR- CTBa 3a 3auma. HO TaxBB HatIHH, HOraTO 06CTaHOB- xaTa HaJlara, B pagHoaRTHBHO 3apa3eHa McCTHOCT MoraT Aa ce BO9HT 6oIhHH AeftCTBHH, 6e3 Ra. ce H3- BbpHIBaT Ae3aKTHBagHOHHH pa6OTH. IIpe3 nocneJJIHTe ro HHH HaIIIHTe CYXOHT,THH BO ICICH, aBHaI;HBTa H C JIOTLT ce o6yqaBaT 3a Bo eHe Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Ha 6oI3HH ReiiCTBHA npH ynoTpe6a Ha aTOMHO op-axcxe H gpyrH HOBH cpeAcTBa 3a 6op6a. Cbe.gHHeHH5Ta H LIacTHTe Ha BCHLIKH Bn oBe B Op bweHH cHJIH no- nyHHxa Heo6xoJHMaTa npaKTHxa npH peuiaBaxeTO Ha 6o HH 3al;auH B cno>KHaTa 3eMHa, B 3JjymHa H Mopcxa.o6cTaxosxa. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Cera e Tpy,I(HO Jja ce HaMepx TaK'bB IJIOH OT Ha- pOJjHOTO CTonaHCTBO, mgeTO Jja He MO)xe ija ce H3- IIOJI3yBaT ij peHHTe H3JrbtIBaHHSi. HanoJI3yBaHeTO Ha 6e.ISI3aHHTe aTOMH, KoeTO ce OCHOBaBa Ha eHeprHSITa Ha p2JjHOaKTHBHHTe H3JrbLIBaHH3I, e eJjHH OT OCHOBHHTe H HEI1-TOLIHH HaMHHH 3a H3ciieJjBaHe Ha MHoro Hpo- IjecH, 'KOHTO HpOTHLIaT B HpxpoJjaTa. HaytiHHTe OCHOBH Ha XpaHeHeTO Ha paCTeHHHTa H )KHBOTHHTe ce pa3pa6OTBaT B-B3 OCHOBa Ha noc.ieJj- HHTe OTHpHTH$I, HaRpaBEF:H c HOMOJ1 Ta Ha pa j iiO- aKTHBHHTe aTOMH. IIOJjXp2HB2HETO Ha piKeHHe B paJ);HOTeXHHKaTa, T'bIt KaTO ce OTJIHLIaBaT C BHCOKa CTa6HJIHOCT - Ha pa6o- TaTa, ghui'OTpaIiHOCT, MaJIKO TerJIO H pa3MepH. OCBeH Te3H HpHMepH 3a H3HOJI3yBaHeTO Ha H3Jrbil- BaHH3ITa B HapOAHOTO CTOHaHCTBO TpH6Ba ga ce OT- 6eJlexcaT HOCJieJ[HHTe AOCTH>KeHHSI B o6JTaCTTa Ha aTOMHaTa eHeprHx. Ha 27 }OHH 1954 rogHHa aTOMHaTa eJIeHTpOCTaH11H5i, HOCTpOeHa B C'bBeTCKHSI C'L}03, HTbpsa B CBeTa gage HpOMHHIJIeH TOR. CTP05IT ce aTOMHH eJIeKTPOCTaH1(HH H B gpyrHTe CTpaHH. I'paH- AH03HH ca HepCHeKTHBHr'e 3a H3HOJI3YBaHe Ha aTOM- HaTa exeprHx B TpaHCHOpTa, oCo6eH0 B MOpCKHSI H Bb3gyIIIHHH. B HmeCTHH HeTrogHHIeH HJIaH 3a pa3BHTHe Ha HapOA- HOTO CTOHaHCTBO Ha CCCP Hpe3 1956-1960 roAHHa e HpeABHgexo 3HatIHTenxo ga ce pa3HIHpH HpI$Jio>Ke- HHeTO Ha aTOMHaTa eHeprHSI 3a MHpHH 11eMIH. Ha6e- JIH3aH0 e J;a ce HOCTpOfIT aTOMHH eJIeKTPOCTaH1(HH C o6H;a MO111HOCT 2---2,5 MJIH. xem, J);a ce 3anoiIHe Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 p8 oTa 3a cM,i;aBane Ha aTOMHH CHJIOBH yCTpOIICTBa 3a TpaacnopTHH ueJm, Aa ce rlocTpoH ne)opa36HBaq c aTOMeH / BBraTeJJ; BceMepHo Aa ce pa3BHBaT pa- 60THTe 3a no-HaTaTTann;oTO H3noJI3yBaHe Ha pal;Ho- aKTHBHHTe H3JIBxzBaHHA B IIpoMHIIIJIeHOCTTa, ceJICKOTO CTOnaHCTBO H MegHI;BHaTa. B'bnpeKH lie o6pviga ronHMO BHHMaHHe Ha BTbnpo- CHTe 3a H3nOJI3yBaHeTO Ha.aTOMHaTa eHeprH3I 3a MHpHH I;eJIH, CT BeTCKHSIT CBIO3 e IIpHHy,i[eH Bce- MepHo Aa yxpenaa CBOBTa oT6paHHTenxa CIIOCO6HOCT, 3a Ra Moxce ga ocyeTH BC$IKaKBH oIIHTH Ha Bparo- BCTe Ha MHpa 3a ynOTpe6a Ha aTOMHOTO op'b)KHe. B HHTepeCHTe Ha 6e30naCHOcTTa Ha poriHaTa JIH4HHRT C'bcTaB -Ha CI BeTCKHTe B LOp7,3KeHH CHJIH e E Jrb)uceH ga nposIB%IBa BHCOKa 69HTeJIHOCT, Aa ce CTpeMH KTaM HOBH yCneXH B 6o uuaTa B IIOJIHTHLIecKaTa nOArOTOBKa m HenpecTaHHO ga nOBHIIIaBa 6OIiHaTa rOTOBHOCT Ha BOICKHTe. STAT STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 c191P)KAH H E YBOA . . . . . . . . CT3 I. PBABOaKTBBBOCT . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1. CBeAeHHH 3a cTpoeHCa Ha BeMecTBOTO . . . . . 9 2. PagHoaKTHHHO pa3najjaHe Ha 2TOMHHTe HApa . . . 21 3. 143KyCTBe io npeupvugaHe Ha eJleMeHTnTe . . . . 40 4. JZcJiexxe Ha HApaTa H BepHHma oApexa peaxi{HH 43 5. Aei'icTBHe Ha sApeiHTe H3JTbgBaxxx B'bpxy Be- IuecTBoTO . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 6. HaqHHH 3a OTKpHBaHe H 143MepBaHe Ha HApeHHTe H3JI7.MBa}IHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 U. O6iua aapaITepHCTaaa na aTOMBOTO op-axcae 72 1. ATOMHO op-bxRaa . . . . . . . . . . . 96 1. F Ma-H3JThTIB a Ha upoxxxsaIqua paAHaL og . . 96 2. HeyTpoxxa pajxauxH . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 111 3. 3auAHTa OT npOHHKBau aTa paAHagHSi . . . . . 124 IV. PaaaoaKTKBHo 3apaHHBaae as MecTRoeTTa apa aTOMea B3pU8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133 1. 113TOLIHHIXH Ha H3J bUBaxe B pagHoaKTHBxo 3apa3exa MecTHocT .. . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . 133 2. XapaKTepHCTHKa Ha H3JI7,gBaHHHTa OT paAHoaKTHB- HHTe npoJy}TH Ha aTOMHHH B3PHB . . . . . . . 145 3. Oco6eHOCTH Ha paJHoaKTHBHOTO 3apa3HBaHe npH pa3nHgnH BHAOBe aTOMeH B3PHB . . . . . . . . . 152 4. BJIHHHHe Ha McTeopOJIOTHgHHTe ycjioBHH B'bpxy cTeneoTa Ha 3apa3HBaHeTo . . . . . . . . . . . 158 5. BxonorogHO AeitCTBHe Ha HApeHHTe H3JI7.vBaHHH 161 213 STAT STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 ~pa3A_ - V. flpossxBa aRH H 172 same HpH TepMOHRpef B3p$13 . . . . . . . . 172 1. IlpouYKTH Ha TepMogApeHHH B3pxs . . . 174 2. IIpoxxxBaiua paguauxx . ? . . . . . . . 175 3. PaJ~HOaKTHBHO 3apa3xBaHe Ha McCTHOCTTa . . VI. Ae1CTBHH B paAHOaKTHBHO 3apa3eHa McCTHOCT 179 H 3am;HTa OT pagHoaKKTHBHHTe BeIueCTBa . 1. AeI%CTBHH B McCTHOCT, 3apa3efa c paJjHOaKTHBHH . BewweCTBa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179 2. MepHB 3a 3aIUHTa Ha xopaTa OT paAxoaKTHBHHTe 183 BemecTBa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188 3. floneBH AO3HmezpHVHH HpH60pH . . . . . 4. CaHHTapHa o6pa6OTxa . . . . . . . . . . . . 194 5. Ae3aKTHBauH5I Ha xpaHHTenHHTe HpO9YKTH H BOgaTa 197 6. Ae3aKTHBaL IH Ha TexHHKaTa H BbOplb>HeHHeTO . . 201 7. Ae3axTHBaUHx Ha n03I4gHHTe H McCTHocTTa . . . 2205 09 3axnlogeHHe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 STAT A. 14 B aii OB 5IJ1PEHHTE H3II'bLIBAHRft HPH ATOMH1451 B3PHB Hpenen OT pycUH H. KaUlyKeeu PeoaKTOP I'. A. T y m a H r e n 0 s XyAo)HHBK: CT. K C p e 3 o n XYAO K. peAaITOp : K. M a 1Y c K n TexH. peAaKTOP: C T. M a H o e KopexTOP: T. F e o p r k' e H a NopMar 16' oT 71/100 JII'-III-1956 THpaxc 8000 eK3. ,aaAena 3a neYaT Ha 24. VII. 1957 ron. 143AaTeJICKH KOJIH 8.33 - HeyaTHH KOJIII 14 93A. nopb'HCa N2 1179 - TexH. nopbvKa N2 515 rt Uena 3,35 JIB. HeyaTHlitla Ha ,ybp)KaBHOTO BoeniiO H3AaTenCTBO H1H MHO STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/03/02 : CIA-RDP80T00246AO38500160001-7 g HAY4HO-IIOIIYORPHA BOEHHA 606H E H A OT HELIAT: g3JIE3JII3 B3pHB H B3pIBHH aevgecTBa --- OT K. A H A p e e a. IlpeaoA OT PYcKH. Lena 2,10 nn. Ha nonynclpe1l e3Hx ce onxcBaT pa3nWlHHTe H,,Ile B3pHBHH Be- LAeCTBa, KaKTO H Ha4HHHTC 311 TAXHOr) H3,011:;ysaHe H o,iaaBaHe. ATOMHHHT B3pHB Ha Mope - C6 0 p H H K C T a T H H? Dena 1,65 nB. B CTBTHHTC Ca pa3rnenaHH XapaHTepHHTC OCO6eHOCTH Ha aTOMHHR rspliB Ha Mope. npOTHBOaTOMHaTa 3allIMTa Ha ROpa6NTC H Ha 6peroBHTe o6CKTH, Ae3aITHHaLLHATa N CaHHrapHLTa oOpa6OTI
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[3] https://www.cia.gov/readingroom/docs/CIA-RDP80T00246A038500160001-7.pdf