THE RESITA METALLURGICAL WORKS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A008101070002-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 10, 2008
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: October 12, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRED
DATE ACQUIRED
The Resita Metallurgical
Works
REPORT NO.
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
12 Oct. 1955
1P
REFERENCES
This is UNEVALUATED
Information
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1. The*Reeita Metallurgical Works were established in 1769 for the pro-
duction of pig iron, steel, and certain finished goods. In 1854 the
ownership of the Yorks passed into the hands of an Austrian railroad
company which owned then until 1919. Under Austrian ownership the Works
developed a factory for the manufacture of rolling stock, rails, iron
bridges, and various items of railroad equipment. Since 1919 the Works
were further expanded for the' production of large ateam locemotivss,
turbo-aggregates, compressors, and other items of, heavy machinery, By
August 1955 the Works covered approximately 4,500,000 square meters and
suplcyed some 20,000 workers.
2. The works are divided into two main sections: the metallurgy and the
pachine building sections. The former comprises the blast and open
hearth furnaces, the electric furnaces, the coking plant, the rolling
AMA, and the refractors. The machine building section has an annual
output of 80,000 metric tow, of machinery and includes the'folloring
plantar cast irony steel, and son-ferrous metals foundries, a heavy
forge and spring forge, a, thermal treatment plant, a locomotive factory,
a heavy machinery factory, a bridge and metal construction plant, a
mounted wheels plant, a boiler and allied equipment plant, an electric
motors plant, a tool-asking plant, and a bolt and screw factory.
3, The Resita Works-are equipped with electric motors with a total installed
power of some 80,00? kilowatts, Power is supplied by a thereto and hydro-
electrAs complex. Twenty-five percent of the power is ma=fatured at
the 'Worm (a total installed power of c. 55,000 kin) -and the' rest is
brought in from the regional grid (approximately 60,000 kw). water is
supplied by a network of channels approximately 70 kilometers in length
and by a private reservoir. Compressed air is supplied by various ooa-
pressor plants, meet of which were constructed at Resita, with a total
output of some 500 cubic meters per minute. The gases from the furnaces,
coking plants, and generator groups are used in the drying, heating,
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smelting, and treatment ovens of the various plants. Steam is supplied by
various boiler stations with a total output of approximately 220 metric tons
per hour.
4. Some 166 kilometers of railroad lines ran through the Works, over which
travel 32 locomotives and more than 1,000 cars. Transportation between
sections is mechanized (electric trucks, conveyors, etc.).
5. The planning and drafting institute of the Resita Works has conceived 20
different types of locomotives; various road and railway bridges for
domestic construction and export '(to the USSR, Hungary, Yugoslavia, and
Bulgaria); various types of Pel tong Francis, and Kaplan hydraulic turbines;
steam turbine plants for domestic use and for export to Communist China;
pumps; fans; hydraulic presses; heavy traveling cranes; generators; and
electric motors.
6. The Resita blast furnaces turn out first-cast pig iron for the use of the
Works and for sous. The open hearth steel plant with its open hearth and
electric furnaces produces simple carbon steel as well as allayed steels
of all types. The rolling mills consist of fine, medium and heavy lines;
two sheet lines, and a universal line which turns out all types of section
iron, including iron for concrete reinforcement, sheet iron, and rails.
The rolling mill for wheel tires and discs is located in a shop by itself.
This is the only plant of its kind in Ihmeania and the largest plant of its
type in Southeast Europe. In addition to the rolling mills it contains
various hydraulic presses, including a Bening press of 2,000 metric tons
pressure, a four-ton hammer, various traveling cranes up to 15 metric tons
in capacity, and several ovens, including an electric one with automatic
temperature control,
7. The metallurgical section of the Resita Works also includes a coking plant
with three batteries; a factory for refractory materials which turns out
fire bricks and other items; an oxygen plant; and various warehouses,
8. The machinery division of the Resita Works is divided into two main
lines: the locomotive factory and the heavy machine building factory.
The construction of locomotives was begun at Resits in 1873. In 1923 a
new locomotive plant was built. The mechanical processing shops of the
locomotive plant were erected in 1913 and-now cover an area of some 17,000
square meters. Among the machines-in this shop are a six meter diameter
lathe with a horizontal face plate; horizontal drilling and boring machines
up to 250 millimeters in diameter; planing machines with a ran up to 10
meters; special gantry milling machines for locomotive rods; a machine for
turning and boring coupling rods for locomotives; various milling machines;
automatic and copying lathes; traveling cranes with a capacity up to 15.3
metric tone; two stands for the testing of steam turbines and other stands
for checking locomotive assemblies and compressors.
9. The assembly shops of the locomotive factory occupy approximately 7,500
square meters; they have 25 lines for the assembly of locomotives and 5
lines in the painting shop. Locomotives under-construction are trans-
ported from one line to another and to the shop exit by means of a 120-ton
electric traverser; the lifting of the locomotives is achieved by means
of 160-ton mechanical hoists. The locomitve factory was originally de-
signed for an annual output of 100 heavy locomotives, but without an in-
crease in equipment as mater as 200 large locomotives (of 110 metric tons
each) could be manufactured in a year,
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10. The boiler shop of the locomotive factory covers 5,300 square meters and
is equipped to manufacture boilers for locomotives, locomobilee,
stationary steam engines, autoclave., and other types of equipment. The
shop contains: a hydraulic flanging press for sheets 2.3 meters in diameter
and 35 millimeters thickness- electric and autogenous welding aggregates
(hand-operated and automaticj; and traveling cranes with lifte up to 40
metric tons. All welded joints in boilers and fireboxes are checked by
a-ray.
11, The heavy machine building factory of the Resita Works covers 8,000 square
meters and contains some 180 machine tools, including a special unit for
processing the cylinders and slide valves of locomotives; big lathes with
horizontal face plates up to five meters in diameter; planing machines up
to 2.8/8.5 meters; slotting machines with a one-meter stroke; and lathes
up to one by fourteen meters. The factory is equipped with traveling
cranes with a lift up to 30 metric tons, A special section manufactures
l4-meter drill collars and grief .tens for drilling purposes. The
principal products of the factory Sr.: assemblies and sub-assemblies for
locomotives; heavy equipment for rolling mill.; heavy cranes and other
equipment for the metallurgical and iron-working industries,
12. The bridge plant of the Resits Works was first set up in 1860 for the con-
struction of railroad bridges and ramifications. In 1952 the old factory
was supplemented by a modern plant at Bocsa Romona, covering 20,000 square
meters, for the manufacture of bridges and metal constructions. The
equipment of the two plants includes edge planing machines for surfaces up
to 15 meters; automatic welding apparatus; sheet metal rolling mills;
traveling, gantry, and *ad-gantry cranes. The plants have built and
mounted numerous road and railway bridges with spans up to 3.0 meters, and
corbels (the Borcea bridge over the Danube, among others).
13, The wheel not plant, which covers 3,600 square meters, first started
putting out mounted axles in 1858. The plant's equipment includes a
horisontal face plate lathe for wheel discs and tires, slicing lathes for
tires and axles, a journal rolling machine, two hydraulic wheel mounting
and wedging presses with graphic recorders, and a milling machine for
locomotive frame plates, The tires are heated by induction. A special
installation provides for the balancing of mounted locomotive axles, they
being checked by means of a magnetic detector. The plant has supplied
mounted axles to Austria, Hungary,Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, and the
USER. The present production capacity mounts to approximately 12,000
mounted, oar axles and 250 seta of mounted locomotive axles per year.
llt. The electrical machinery plant was estabil.ished in 1920 and modernized in
1950. The plant manufactures: motors for air compressors up to 500 kw;
alternating and direct current equipment for cranes,, welding aggregates,
and turbine generators of 3#000 kit at 3,000 rpm; various rotating electric
machines; power transformers and special transformers; low-speed motors
for rolling mills; and medium and large transformers. Some time ago the
plant constructed for its own use a frequency converter of 8,000 kVa.
15. The acres plant of the Resits Works is located at Anina and turns out
bolts, nuts, screws, rail spikes, and tie screws,
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16. The various plants of the machine division of the Resita Works are
serviced by several foundries and a forge. The foundries include sections
for processing steel, pig iron, and non-ferrous metals., and cover a total
area of approximately 10,000 square meters. In addition., a new foundry has
been set up outside Resita which covers some 11,000 square meters. No in-
formation is available on this unit. The pig iron foundry is equipped
with several cupola furnaces and a rotary furnace. It is served by 19
traveling cranes with a lift capacity up to 50 metric tons. Forming is
done both by"hand and mechanically, Locomotive cylinders are.made only
mechanically. The foundries' output meets not only the demands of the
Resita Works for its own products but is also sold to outside customers.
17. The forge covers some 1,500 square meters and is equipped with hammers
with a beat up to 7.5 metric tons, mechanical presses from 50 to 200 tons,
winding machines for coil springs, machines for leaf springs, two machines
for testing springs, several ovens for thermal treatment, 28 traveling
cranes and hoists with capacities from two to 30 metric tons, and a
special mould workshop. Thermal treatment is performed in a separate
annex to the forge, The annex contains some ovens 15 meters in length, as
well as special baths.
18. The products of the Resita Works are tested and controlled by a staff of
more than 550 employees, both at intermediary stages and for final
acceptance. Over 350,000 chemical analyses are carried out-yearly in four
rapid laboratories, a sand laboratory, a central laboratory, and a metallo-
graphic laboratory. Some 120,000 mechanical tests are undertaken in the
course of a year. The laboratories contain, among other items: magnetic
ferro-flux installations for checking axles, rods, and other products;
three x-ray units for checking welded joints; spring-testing apparatus;
test stands for turbines and locomotive fittings; five modern dynamic
balancing machines with electric and optical recorders for checking parts
from five kilograms to 30 metric tons in weight; special stands for
testing electrical machinery; a weighing stand for the control and dis-
tribution of loads on locomotive axles; and speed tunnels. Furthermore,
all the necessary control apparatus is on hand to check that rolling stock
meets international (UIC) standards,
19. The Resits Works have the following training facilities: an apprentice
school with an annual enrollment of 100; a technical school which trains
80 technicians (designers, norm clerks, caculators, plan clerks, etc;)
yearly; a foreman's school which trains 80 foremen per year. In all,
approximately 1,600 trainees are schooled at the Works every year. The
training center consists of five large blocks of houses with a total floor
space of 22,000 square meters. This area includes three boarding houses
for apprentices, with a total capacity of 1,000, six laboratories, and 26
clasarocios,
20. An for housing facilities, the Resita Works have 181 blocks of dwellings
for married workers and employees and nix dormitories with room for
3,000 unmarried workers. The Works also contain two day nurseries and a
workers' club with a 1,200-seat theater.
21, The Resits Works manufactures the following products-.
a. Metallurgical Products:
Metallurgic coke
Refractory bricks
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White furnace pig iron
Alloyed and non-alloyed open hearth steel ingots
Alloyed and non-alloyed electric steel ingots
Blooms, slabs, billets, plates
Plain and boiler sheet metal over 5nn.
Rolled section iron for constructions
Special sectional steel for springs
b. Rolled goods for railroads:
Heavy rails up to 49 kilograms per meter
Light rails
Small parts for heavy rails
Fish plates and plates for light rails
Special sectional parts for switches
Car wheel discs
Tires for car and locomotive wheels
UZ and ZY steel for cars
Round steel for stay bolts and boiler screws
c. Machine construction:
Steno turbines, 100, 3,000 and 4,50o kv
Hydraulic turbines: Pelton Kaplan and Francis
Air compressors: 15, 30, uS, and 90 cubic meters per minute
Heavy industrial equipment
Heavy cranes
Metal constructions
Highway bridges
Medium and heavy electric motors
Generators and turbo-generators
Electric arc welding aggregates
Power transformers
d. Railroad equipment:
Stem locomotives of all types
Mounted wheels for rolling stock
Railroad bridges
Railroad ramifications
Bolts, rail spikes, and tie screws
Shap ed pieces
22. Products of the Resita Works rted to the USSR, Bulgaria, Austria,
Hungary, Tugoslavia, and Albania.
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