ATOMIC ENERGY RESEARCH INSTITUTE AT AGUDZERI

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A005600750009-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 15
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 2, 2007
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: November 7, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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This is UNEVALUATED
Information
0HFORAAVMN REPO
Qy
CENTRAL INTfELUGlENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National D fense of the United States within the meaning of the fspionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person Is prohibitecl by la, 25X1
COUNTRY USSR (Black Sea)
SUBJECT Atomic Energy Research Institute
at Agudzer?i:i.
DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRED
DATE ACQUIRED
REPORT
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
REQUIREMENT NO.
REFERENCES
7 November 1955
The atomic energy research institute at Agudzexxi?.i (N 42-55, E 41-07)
was headed by Professor Gustav Hertz,fand was known as Institute A
(see sketches No. 1 to 3 on pages 5-11 ). The instiitute headed
by Manfred von Ardenne at Sinop was known as Institute.S. Both
institutes were subordinate to the Ninth Direc:torate.;of..the
Ministry of Internal Affairs.
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ON OL MQTOON R PURT1
2. There were about 45 German scientists at the institute at Aaladzerii,
and 50 German craftsmen. Soviet personnel attached to the.institute
included about 100 scientists, 100 auxiliary technical personnelaand
150 workers (see the list of personnel on pages 21)3).
i'tP~ er. mss
furnished to the institute from the power station at Sinop'by a
power transmission line. It was rumored that c1itional electrical
power would be furnished in 1949 by a new power station erected north
of Sukhumi. This information was obtained from other prisoners-of-
war who worked on the construction of the power station at Sukhumi.
3. Pressing devices required for the manufacture of ceramic tubes and
component parts of mass spectrographs were made in one of the workshops of
the institute (see sketches No. 4 and 5'on gages 12-15). The following
information on the manufacture of ce.ic tubes was available: A gray"
green, plastic clay-like substance with a slight metallic sheen was
produced in the chemical laboratory headed by Dr. Reinhold Reichmann.
The substance was further processed in a calen4ir machine until it could
be easily shaped by hand. The basic material used for this substance
was said to contain nickel, and was prepared with a weak acetone solution.
The material processed in the calender machine was"hut by hand into a
sheet metal bowl, and then placed under the pressing machine, which
was operated manually. The plastic substance was then pressed through
a nozzle, from which it emerged in the aba of a tuube, the will of
which was from three-tenths to six-tenths of a millimeter inat_hickneas.e.....?.
The.:continuous tube was cut into sections 60 to 80 centimeters long,
which were immediately put into an acetonebath:: here~.tlley...u.ere haicd-
ended for about two hours., The finished tubes looked like nickel, and
(144Ei%, ast1 ton, dintrltiution
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their surface was very smooth. Generally only 20 to 30 percent of the
tubes delivered to the institute were acceptable.
some of the tubes were sent to
Moscow. (work on the manufacture of the press
and nozzle use or the production of the tubes began in the fall of
1947. Production of the tubes was always given priority. They were
made in batches of 100, and later of 200 to 3004.-with lengths between
40 and 80 centimeters, and walls of various thicknesses.
4. Autoclaves were also reportedly manufactured at Agudzeri and. were. connected
with isotope separation. Professor Hertz had developed these devices,
and Dr. Justus Muehlenpfordt had charge of their construction. The
ehtitoclave measured about 120 by 80 by 75 centimeters, and generated
great heat so that it had to be fitted with a cooling jacket filled
with liquid air. A complete device of this kind was seen in one of
Professor $ert2'+s :laboratories.
List of Personnel Attached to the Institute at ilgdzer:L
1. Soviet Personnel
Chief of the Institute:
Until early 1949, Stanov (phonetic spelling) (fnu), an officer
of undetermined rank, a close relative of the Soviet minister of
the same named Stanov was replaced by Pizayev (fnu), an officer
who said he was an engineer. Pizayev had been in Germany in 1947
and 1948 where he procured the apparatus required at the institute.
Deputy Chief of the Institute:
Kvartsa.ia (fnu), an engineer.
Chief of workshops:
Kurochkin (fnu), an engineer, who came from an installation in
the Ural Mountains.
2, German Personnel
Professor Gustav Hertz, Chief of the Institute
Physics Department
Material Testing Department:
Dr. Helmut Bumm
High Requency Department:
Dr. Busse (fnu) A specialist in the field of radio tubes.
Dr. Muehlenpfort's Group:
Dr. Justus Muehlenpfort.developed a device for the separation of
isotopes.
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Organization working on the development of a mass spectograph:
Dr. Werner Schuetze, head of this group. He was awarded a Stalin
Prize (50,000 rubles) in 1946:?
Organization working on electrical problems:
Helmut Staudenmeier was head of this organization.
Mathematical Department:
Dr. Heinz Barwich
The most prominent mathematician
in this department. He was a Communist.
Chemical Department:
Chemists known to have been assigned to this department included:
Dr. Werner Hartmann
Dr. Schnase (fnu)
Dr. Schimor (fnu)
Dr. Reinhold Reichmann
Heinrich Pock
Dr. Boris Ickert
It is believed that the photographic laboratory and the group of
glass blowers were also attached to the chemical department.
Designs Bureau
Dipl. Ing Hoffmann (fnu) Chief of the bureau.
The design bureau controlled the following installations:
1. General workshop, originally headed by Staudenmeier. When
Soviet engineer Kurochkin took over this workshop, PW Kurt
Krauth became the chief of the German group.
2. Precision mechanical workshop, headed by Hoehne (fnu).
3. Drawing office: Chief Ing. Ittner (fnu), who was transferred
in about 1948 to an undetermined location.
4. Group of electricians.
Comment: Pizayev should read MVD Lt. Col. Bisayevwho 25X1
was administrative chief-of object G~''Agud.isri, to 1950, Stanov
should read Zhdanov.a The overdlli6hief of oth Agudzeri and Sinop
was Maj. Gen. Kochlavashvili.
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Sketch No. 1
Location of Atomic Research Institute at ~ rt?+
Legend
1. Lighthouse near'Sukhumi
2. Jetty wall
3. Objects, institute of Manfred von Ardenne
4. Object A, institute of Professor Hertz
5. Cemetery
6. Small airfield
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Sketch No. 1
Location of Atomic Research Ins i eat , eri_
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Sketch No. 2
Layout of Institute at Agudzer.i.
Legend:
1. Three houses, four-story brick buildings for Soviet residents.
2. New administration building, single.-story wooden building, occupied
by a Soviet construction company, garage, and small repair shop*
3. Headquarters building and_.guardhouse, three-story brick structure,
50 by 50 meters,
4. Log houses,
5. Two-story brick buildings, quarters of MVD personnel.
6. Storage of ration supplies.
7. Laundry.
8. PW Camp.
9. Kitchen, brick building,
10. Storage facilities.
11. Two three-story houses, occupied by German scientists and their
dependents.
12. Outpatients station, log houses.
13. Supply installation under construction, approximately 150 by 300
meters (power station or water supply plant!).
14. House .
15. Guest house.
16. Garage.
17. Villa occupied by Professor Hertz.
18. Collective farm.
19. Park.
20. Main gate to the institute area.
21. Old institute building, a three-story brick building, about 80 by 15
meters, with a tile roof. The institute housed offices, small
laboratories, and mechanical workshops. Dr. Barwich's office was
on the ground floor. Also located on the ground floor was the photo-
graphic laboratory and a room where distilled water for the electricians
was produced. The offices and laboratories of Professor Hertz and
his Soviet colleagues were on the first floor. Dr. Bvm and Dr.
Senski also worked on this floor. The second floor housed a high
frequency laboratory, Dr. Busse's office, the library, and the
archives. Dr. Schuetze worked in the wing of the building.
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22. Annex to the institute, two-story brick building, 70 by 25 meters,
erected in 1948. The annex housed several design bureaus, three
isolated test rooms, storage facilities, and the work rooms for
the group of electricians headed by Staudenmeier, and the group
of glass blowers headed by Segel Sr.
23. Garage, about 80 by 15 meters.
24. Storage for chemicals and acids, brick building, 30 by 30 meters.
25. Auxiliary power supply, equipped with a Diesel generator, about
30 meters square.
26. Mechanical workshop, brick and steel structure, about 70 by 20 by 20
meters, with slightly inclined glass roof,
27. Workshop, 70 by 25 by 20 meters, steel and brick structure, with
slightly inclined glass roof.
28. Workshop; new, about 60 by 20 by 10 meters, brick structure,
29. Brick building under construction, about 30 by 40 meters.
30. Storage of old and unused equipment; brick building, about 20 by
15 by 15 meters.
31. Workshop, about 40 by 20 by 10 meters, brick and steel structure;
a portion of the building was apparently semi-underground.
liquid air was produced there.
32. Storage container for liquid air, about 15 meters in diameter.
33. Storage of gasoline, oil,and other inflammable agents; containers
semi-underground.
34. Storage building, about 40 by 40 by 12 meters. Component parts
of machinery, copper tubes, brass tubes, and fine rolled sheets,
pmts of small steam pumps, sheet metal tubes, and electrical equip-
ment, were stored there. It was believed that a secret apparatus
or a component part of it was being built in this building.
35. Two brick buildings.,each about 50 by 25 by 12 meters. One of the
buildings housed a circular saw with which iron parts and ingots
were cut, and a metal saw fitted with two levers for the cutting
of thin tubes. The other building housed a steam hammer. In
.July 1949, parts of another steam hammer were observed outside
this building.
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Sketch No. 3
Detailed Sketch of the Institute at Agudzeri
Legend:
The items listed are identical with those in Sketch No. 2.
21 and 22. Institute building.
23. Garage.
214. Storage building.
25. Auxiliary power station.
26. Mechanical workshop,
a. Precision mechanical department, equipped with lathes and
planing machines including one Pittler lathe. Five or six
precision mechanics worked theme under foreman Hoehne (fnu).
Brass screw threads, steel bolts, nuts, and individual parts
were manufactured in quantity. Individual parts for mass
spectrographs were also produced.
b. Forge with three fires.
c. Plumber's and welding shop equipped with one Raboma set,
several autagenous welding sets, and one electrical spot
welding apparatus.
d. Carpenter's shop.
e. Compressed air station and one sandblast units
f. Tool room.
g. Soviet foreman#
h. Transformer station.
27. Workshop, built in 1948.
a. Section of the shop where, about early 1949, ducts about
3 meters deep and 2.5 meters wide were excavated by a Soviet
construction company. Concrete foundations, apparently for
heavy machinery, were also built. In July 1949, this section
of the workshop was still empty.
b. Section where three rolling machines stood. One of the machines
had a rolling face 50 cm wide and was used for the rolling of
metal foils up to one-hundredth of a millimeter thick. This
section also housed a machine used for the manufacture of
iron and copper nails, and a machine used for the manufacture
of brass micrometer screws. About 25 Soviet workers worked
in this workshop.
Sections a and b were divided by board walls.
28. Workshop
a. Chemical laboratory, work place of Dr. Reichmann and Pock.
b. Work room prepared for the reception of a 100-ton press
which was delivered by a German firm,
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c. Room equipped with electric devices (switching room for chemical
laboratory and the presses of item dt).
d. Machine room, about 8 by 10 meters, equipped with two presses
and one calender machine used for the manufacture of special
tubes.
e. Chemical laboratory with facilities for the kneading of special
substances which were further processed in the calender machine.
Steel vats,about 1.5 by 0.5 meters,in which tubes were hardened
were also available in this department.
29. Brick building.
30. Storage facilities.
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retailed Sketch of-the Institute at zeri
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Sketch No. 4
Device for the Manufacture of Tubes
Legend:
I.
1. Vat
2. Unit called "Stempel" (stanchion)
3. Unit called "nozzle"
II.
4. Cross section of tubes manufactured at Agudzeri
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Sketch No. 4
Device for the Manufacture of Tubes
ahout 700 m.>,Y
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Sketch No. 5
Component Parts for Mass spectographs Manufactured at Agudzeri-
I: Steel Plates Used in Magnets
1. Conical slots, the larger slot having a width of about 7 mm,
the small one of about 4 mm.
2. Oval slots, 20 by 10 mm, about 10 mm distant from the edge of
the plate.
3. Vertical slot, 25 by 60 or 80 mm, about 5 mm distant from the
edge of the plate.
4. Bored holes, 10 or 12 mm in diameter, for locking screws.
Ten series of eight such steel plates each were manufactured between
the spring of 1948 and early 1949. Groups of two or four such plates
were screwed together and wrapped with very thick copper wire. When
electric current was sent through this wire, a magnet was formed
which was used in the mass spectograph. Two or four such magnets
were used for each mass spectograph,as was stated by Dr. Schuetze.
II: Stay Bolt
5. Threaded section.
6. Smooth section.
III: Casing Sheets
Each mass spectograph was surrounded by a casing consisting of shutter-
like metal sheets, 5 mm thick and 1 meter square.
JV. Casing
The first mass spectograph was completed in early 1949. Work on three
other mass spectographs was started about two months after the checks on the
first spectograph were completed. The two other spectographs were not
completed by 15 July 1949.
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Sketch No. 5
Component Parts for Mass S ecto a hs Manufactured at Agudzeri.
3
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