CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000400340019-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 24, 2004
• Sequence Number: 19
• Publication Date: June 2, 1948
• Content Type: OPEN

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7094 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE JUNE 2
?H. R. 4954. An act to authorize the con-
struction, operation, and maintenance, under
Federal reclamation laws, of tife Kennewick
division of the Yakima project, Washington;
H. R. 5151. An act authorizing the Secre-
tary of the Interior to issue to James P. Love
a patent to certain lands in the State of Mis-
sissippi;
H. R. 5155. An act to authorize the Secre-
tary of the Interior to have made a joint re-
connaissance survey of the Chesapeake and
Ohio Canal;
H. R. 5283. An act.to provide for the dis-
posal of surplus sand at Fort Story, Va.;
H. R. 5553. An act to amend paragraph 1772
of the Tariff Act of 1930, as amended;
H. R. 6587. An act to add certain lands to
tke Theodore Rooseyelt Memorial Park, in
the State of North Dakota, and for other pur-
poses;
H. R. 6607. An act making appropriations
for the Departments of State, Justice,Com-
merce, and the Judiciary, for the fiscal year
ending June 30, 1949, and for other pur-
poses;
H. R. 5965. An act to amend paragraph 813
of the Tariff Act of 1930;
H. R. 6056._An act to amend an act. of Con-
gress approved February 9, 1881, which
granted a right-of-way for railroad purposes
through certain lands of the United States
in Richmond County, N. Y.;
H. R. 6078. An act to amend section 303 (e)
of the Interstate Commerce Act, as amended;
H. R. 6091. An act to withdraw certain land
as available land within the meaning of the
Hawaiian Homes Commission Act of 1920 (42
Stat. 108) as amended, and to restore it to its
previous status under the control of the
Territory of Hawaii;
H. R. 6242. An act to continue until the
close of June 30, 1949, the present suspen-
sion of import duties on scrag iron, scrap
steel, and nonferrous metal scrap;
H. J. Res. 340. Joint resolution to author-
ize the issuance of a special series of stamps
.commemorative of the one hundredth anni-
versary of the founding of the American
Turners Society in the United States;
H. J. Res. 341. Joint resolution to author-
ize the issuance of a special series of stamps
commemorative of the one hundredth anni-
versary of the founding of Fort Kearney in
the State of Nebraska;
11. J. Res. 384. Joint resolution to permit
articles imported from foreign countries for
the purposes of exhibition at the Interna-
tional Industrial Exposition, Incorporated,
Atlantic City, N. J., to be admitted without
payment of tariff, and for other purposes;
and
H. J. Res. 395. Joint resolution to extend
the time for the release, free of estate and
gift tax, of powers of appointment, and for
other purposes.
ADMISSION OF DISPLACED PERSONS
The Senate resumed the consideration
of the bill (S. 2242) to authorize for a
limited period of time the admission into
the United States of certain European
displaced persons for permanent resi-
dence, and for other purposes.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The bill
is open to further amendment.
Mr. FERGUSON obtained the floor.
Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, will
the Senator from Michigan yield to me
for a moment?
Mr. FERGUSON. I yield.
Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, if r
may have the attention of Members of
the Senate for, a moment, it seems to me
there is some doubt now as to whether
all the amendments which have been
proposed to the pending bill will be
offered. I am wondering whether the
time has not arrived when we might ob-
tain a unanimous-consent agreement
with respect to voting both on the
amendments and also on the final pas-
sage of the bill. I respectfully ask those
in charge of the bill on behalf of op-
ponents and proponents, and those who
may be offering additional amendments
whether such an agreement could be
entered into. I had in mind something
like this: A unanimous-consent agree-
ment to vote on the pending amendment
and all other amendments, at a certain
hour, allowing plenty of time to those
who would like to propose amendments,
but at that time to vote upon the pend-
ing amendment and upon all amend-
ments, also the third reading of the bill.
That would end the consideration of all
amendments, and then, possibly one or
two hours later, a vote could be had on
the final passage -of the bill, dividing the
time equally meanwhile between, pro-
ponents and opponents of the measure.
I am wondering if such an offer might
not be acceptable to the proponents and
opponents of the bill.
Mr. FERGUSON. Mr. President-
Mr. WHERRY. The Senator from
Michigan has the floor. I appreciate
very much his having yielded to me.
Mr. FERGUSON. I merely wanted to
say that so far as those interested in the
amendments are concerned, there is no
desire to prolong the debate.
Mr. WHERRY. I understand that.
Mr. FERGUSON. Any reasonable
limitation of time I am sure would be
satisfactory.
Mr. WHERRY. How about the Sena-
tor from' West Virginia?
Mr. REVERCOMB, Mr.. President, I
feel that the remarks of the acting ma-
jority leader are entirely in order, and
that there is a lack of time. However, I
want to point out that there are pending
at this time some 20 amendments which
have been printed and are lying on the
desk, to be called up. So far as I know
they will all be called up. I hope at the
proper time we can fix a time for voting,
and it will be perfectly agreeable to dis-_
cuss that with the acting majority leader
a little later. However, I cannot foresee
the situation, and hence cannot agree
to fixing such a time at this hour.
Mr. WHERRY. In ' order to have the
suggestion in the,-minds of Senators,
would the hour of 4 o'clock be suitable
for voting on the then pending amend-
ment and all other amendments to the
bill, and would the hour of 6 o'clock be a
suitable time for voting on passage of the
bill?
Mr. REVERCOMB. I trust very much
the Senator will not insist upon that, or
even make the request at this time, until
we can see, and see very clearly, what
we are going to do with approximately
20 amendments which may be called up.
I may say to the Senator that if we were
to fix the hour that he suggests, we would
hardly have time to vote, much less to
discuss the amendments. Without sug-
gesting any time, let us go into the situa-
tion and see just how far we can proceed
before trying to fix any time. Does the
Senator see my point?
Mr. WHERRY. Mr. President, I r9al-
ize that if the distinguished Senator does
not want a unanimous-consent request
presented at this time, it would be use-
less to proceed further with it. I should
like to suggest this, however: Would the
Senator from West Virginia consider
making the hour 6 o'clock, adding the
words "or prior thereto"? That is, in
the event debate is concluded on the
amendments before 6 o'clock, would that
hour be of interest to the Senator?
Mr. REVERCOMB. Mr. President, I
ask, as I have asked before, that the Sen-
ator at this time do not attempt to fix
any hour- until we can see what disposi-
tion can be made of the amendments.
Mr. WHERRY. Very well.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
Senator from Michigan has the floor.
Mr. FERGUSON. -Mr. President, the
next amendment, with reference to which
I shall speak for a brief time, is to pro-
vide-
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Will the
Senator please state the lettering on the
amendment?
Mr. FERGUSON. 'It is amendment C.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
clerk will state the amendment.
The CHIEF CLERK. It is proposed, on
page 5, line 13, before the period, to in-
sert the following: "and, except as other-
wise provided in this act, to perform all
the functions of administration and co-
ordination necessary for the selection,
and the transportation to and settlement
in this country, of eligible displaced per-
sons 61M eligible displaced orphans."
On page 7, beginning with the word
"but" in line 17, strike out down through
and including the period in line 20, and
insert in lieu thereof the following: "but
the determination of eligibility of dis-
placed persons and displaced orphans
under the other immigration laws of the
United States shall be by the officials
who administer such laws."
Mr. FERGUSON. Mr. President, it is
very important that if the bill be
passed-and the Senator from Michigan
hopes that it will be passed- t be such
legislation as will best carry out the
wishes of Congress and of the people.
For that reason the amendment, being
amendment C, is very vital and impor-
tant in connection with the subject.
Let us see what it will provide. Sec-
tion 4 of the bill as reported by the com-
mittee provides as follows:
SEc. 4. There is hereby created a Commis-
sion to be known as the Displaced Persons
Commission, consisting of three members
to be appointed by the President, by and with
the advice and consent of the Senate, for a
term ending June 30, 1951. Each member
of the Commission shall receive a salary at
the rate of $10,000 per annum. The Com-
mission shall be empowered to incur such
obligations and to employ such assistants,
within the limits of its appropriation, as may
be necessary. There are hereby authorized
to be appropriated such sums of money as
may be necessary to enable the Commission
to discharge its duties. It shall be the duty
of the Commission to formulate and issue
regulations, necessary under the provisions
of this act, and in compliance therewith, for
the admission into the United States of eligi-
ble displaced persons, and eligible displaced
orphans.
In other words, down to that point the
bill provides for the appointment of a
commission; and the salaries of its mem-
bers, and prescribes that the commis-
sion shall formulate and issue the regu-
t
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE
18. Medical services
Chairman: Tracy S. Voorhees, president,
the Long Island College Hospital, and special
assistant to the Secretary of the Army.
Committee: Dr. O. H. P. Pepper, professor
of medicine, University of Pennsylvania; Dr.
Hugh Jackson Morgan, professor of medicine,
Vanderbilt University; Dr. W. C. Menninger,
the Menninger Foundation, Topeka, Kans.;
Dr. Ray Lyman Wilbur, Stanford University;
Dr. Frank R. Bradley, director of Barnes Hos-.
pital, St. Louis, Mo.; Dr. R. C. Buerki, direc-
tor of hospitals, University of Pennsylvania;
Charles Rowley, former trustee of Massachu-
setts Investors Trust; Henry Isham, presi-
dent of the board of trustees of Passavant
Hospital; Dr. Paul R. Hawley, former Chief
Medical Director, Veterans' Administration;
Dr. Michael DeBakey, associate professor of
surgery, Tulane University, New Orleans, La.;
Dr. Allen O. Whipple, clinical director, Me-
morial Hospital, New York City; Goldwaite
H. Dorr, of Dorr, Hammond, Hand & Dawson,
New York City; former special assistant to
Secretary of War Stimson; Edward D. Church-
ill, M. D., professor of surgery, Harvard Medi-
cal School, Harvard University; Alfred New-
ton Richards, vice president in charge of
medical affairs, University of Pennsylvania.
Secretary: Rear Adm. Joel T. Boone, Sec-
retary of the Secretary of Defense's Com-
mittee on the Medical and Hospital Services
of the armed forces.
19. Indian affairs
Chairman: Prof. George Graham, depart-
ment of political science, Princeton Univer-
sity.
Committee: John R. Nichols, president,
New Mexico College of Agricultpre and
Mechanic Arts; Charles J. Rhoads, former
Commissioner of Indian Affairs; Rev. Dr.
Gilbert Darlington, treasurer of the Ameri-
can Bible Society.
Project director: Prof. George Graham,
Princeton University.
20. Government statistical services
Dr. P. K. Whelpton, Scripps Foundation for
the Study of Population Problems, .Miami
University, Oxford Ohio; Prof. Samuel S.
Walks, department of mathematics, Prince-
ton University; Prof. John D. Millett, de-
partment of public law and government, 517
Fayerweather Hall, Columbia University; Mr.
Martin R. Gainsbrugh, National Industrial
Conferen Board, 247 Park Avenue, New
York; Mr. George Soule, 3 East Sixth-ninth
Street, New York; Dr. Clarence D. Long, na-
tional bureau of economic research and de-
partment of political economy, John Hop-
kins University, Baltimore, Md.; Frederick
C. Mills, national bureau of economic re-
search and department of economics, Colum-
bia University.
21. Records management
Research director: E. J. Leahy, executive
director of the National Records Manage-
ment Council.
Consultants: Wayne Grover, Acting Ar-
chivist of the United States; Robert H.
Bahmer, Director of Records Management,
Department of the Army; Robert E. Angel,
Director` of Office Methods Branch, Depart-
ment of the Navy; Edward Wilber, Depart-
ment of State; F. M. Root, Westinghouse
Electric Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.
22. National security organization
Chairman: Ferdinand Eberstadt, president,
F. Eberstadt & Co., New York City; chairman,
Army and Navy Munitions Board, 1942; and
former vice chairman, War Production Board,
1942-43.
Civilian committee: Mr. Thomas Archer,
vice president and director of General Motors
Corp.; Mr. Charles W. Cole, president of Am-
herst Colege; Mr. Hanson Baldwin, of the
New York Times; Mr. Robert E. Wood, chair-
man of the board, Sears, Roebuck Co.; Mr.
Lewis Strauss, of the Atomic Energy Commis-
sion; Dr. Frederick A. Middlebush, president
of the University of Missouri; Mr. Robert P.
Patterson, of Patterson, Belknap & Webb,
New York City; Mr. James Knowlson, presi-
dent of Stewart-Warner Corp.; Mr. .John
Cowles, president, Minneapolis Star and
Tribune Co.; Mr. Raymond B. Allen, presi-
dent of the University of Washington; Mr.
Chester I. Barnard, of the Rockefeller
Foundation.
Military advisory committee: Gen. Gilbert
R. Cook, Gen. Robert W. Hasbrouck, Col. Tru-
man Smith, Admiral Ben Moreell, Admiral
R. S. Edwards, Admiral John H. Towers,
Gen. Ira Eaker, Gen. James Doolittle, Gen.
Edward Curtis.
Consultants: Mr. John M. Hancock, of
Lehman Bros., New York.; Gen. Dwight
Eisenhower; Gen. Stanley D. Embick; Admiral
Ernest J. King; Admiral Chester W. Nimitz;
Gen. Carl Spaatz; Gen. Frederick Anderson;
Mrs. Oveta Culp Hobby.
COMMISSION ON ORGANIZATION OF THE EXECU-
TIVE BRANCH OF GOVERNMENT
POLICY STATEMENT ADOPTED AT COMMISSION
MEETING ON OCTOBER 20, 1947
The reorganization of the Government can
be approached from three points of view:
First,, the necessity or desirability of ea given
funcftion of the Government; second, the
exploration of the most advantageous struc-
ture of arrangement of these functions; and
third, the improvement of its management.
There are certain obvious functions which
need not be enumerated which are primary
in government. There are certain functions
which are useful in the development of na-
tional life and in the preservation of national
ideals. But in all functions there is the
question of priority within national ability
to pay. There are still further questions
as to boundaries of Federal versus State and
local functions which jeopardize local gov-
ernment; and there are boundaries in func-
tions by the overstepping of which govern-
ment begins to stultify the initiative and
productivity of the people.
I'he questions concerning structure largely
revolve around consolidation of the activities
of similar major purpose under one direction
in order to prevent the waste, overlap, dupli-
cation, and to secure unity and formulation
and coordination of policies. In this same
field of structure there are large problems
created by failure in the past to pay full
regard to the separation of legislative, execu-
tive, and judicial powers; there has been
much transgression over our fundamental
concept of single-headed responsibility in
administrative agencies and joint responsi-
bility of several minds in legislative or judi-
cial agencies.
Assuming proper definition of function
and proper structure, the efficiency of inter-
nal management becomes the measure of
economy or waste in government.
Public Law 162 creating this Commission
states that the purpose of the Commission
is to study and determine and recommend
what changes are necessary in the executive
to promote economy, efficiency, and i1r1proved
services in the transaction of the public
business by-
1. Limiting expenditures to the lowest
amount consistent with the efficient per-
formance of the essential services, activities,
and functions;
2. Eliminating duplication and overlap-
ping of services, activities, and functions;
3. Consolidating services, activities, and
functions of a similar nature;
4. Abolishing services, activities, and
functions not necessary to the efficient con-
duct of Government, and
5. Defining and limiting executive func-
tions, services, and activities.
Thus it is clear that the Commission is
not confined to recommending management
or structural changes which improve the ef-
ficiency of performance of the executive
7093
branch but is clearly directed to exploring
the boundaries of Government functions in
the light of their cost, their usefulness, their
limitations, nd their curtailment or elimi-
nation.
At various times over 40 years, commissions
of investigation and recommendation have
been appointed by the Congress and by the
President. A mass of effectual information
has been secured. At times a limited au-
thority has been given by the Congress to
the Executive to act in this field. Useful re-
sults have been accomplished by the Con-
gress and the Executive even with the limita-
tions of powers that have been given. A
perusal of these reports and of the actions
taken in this field indicate that the major
consideration has been given to structural
changes. In no case has there been such
a breadth of authority and instruction for
so thorough an examination and recom-
mendation as has been given under this law.
As a matter of fact at no time has there
been such a public desire for a complete
reconsideration of the province of the Fed-
,gral Government and overhaul of the busi-
ness methods of Federal administration and
their relationship to the citizen. The need is
much greater than. at any time in the past.
The huge expansion of the executive branch
during the past 20 years has been made in
an atmosphere of hurry and emergency
which now calls for calm challenge.
COMMISSION PROCEDURE
It is imperative that the Commission make
a fresh and more vigorous approach to the
problem assigned to it than has hitherto
been made.
For such a program it is proposed that
the Commission should:
1. Denominate (for the purposes of its
work) the principal groups of major-purpose
activities and such functional problems as
may extend over such groups.
2. Determine which of these groups or
these functions should be taken up initially
for consideration.
3. Enlist eminent and experienced citizens
to explore and furnish the Commission with
their steady judgment on what action should
be taken in respect to each separate group
or function. Such leaders would add public
confidence to the conclusions of the Com-
mission and would reduce the number of
questions for final determination by the
Commission. Each leader would need be free
to organize his own task force to survey the
particular functions assigned to them. They
should be furnished with all existing ma-
terial by the Commission's staff. Should they
require further research, they should be au-
thorized to secure their own research as-
sistants.
4. This approach does not require much of
an initial or an elaborate regular staff by the
Commission, but rather a minimum staff
which would coordinate and make available
to these task forces the great mass of in-
formation now already accumulated by
various parts of the Government.
MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE-ENROLLED
BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS SIGNED
A message from the House of Repre-
sentatives, by Mr. Swanson, one of its
reading clerks, announced that the
Speaker had affixed his signature to the
following enrolled bills and joint resolu-
tions, and they were signed by the Presi-
dent pro tempore:
5.1035. An act to provide for the acquisi-
tion of the hospital at Camp White, Medford,
Oreg., and Schick General Hospital, Clinton,
Iowa, for use as domiciliary facilities by the
Veterans' Administration;
H. R. 1572. An act for the relief of Basque
aliens;
H. R. 3638. An act to amend section 10 of
the act establishing a National Archives of
the United States Government;
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7092 -CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE
6. Public welfare functions
Project director: Dr. Lewis Meriam, vice
pre dent, the Brookings Institution, and
staff.
y7.. Fiscal, budgeting, and accounting
functions
Qroject director: John W. Hanes, member
SEC, 1938, Assistant Secretary of the Treas-
ury, 1938; Under Secretary of the Treasury,
1938-39.
Assistant to director: Kenyon Boocock,
New York City.
Advisers: Daniel W. Bell, former Under Sec-
retary of the Treasury, 1940-46; and presi-
dent, American Security and Trust Co.,
Washington, D. C.; Roswell F. Magill, former
Under Secretary of the Treasury, 1937-38,
and partner, Cravath, Swain & Moore, New
York City; Edward F. Bartelt, Fiscal As-
sistant Secretary of the Treasury; Walter F.
Frese, Chief, Accounting Systems Division,
General Accounting Office; Frederick Lawton,
Administrative Assistant to the President.
Accounting Phase
Director: T. Coleman Andrews, certified
public accountant, Richmond, Va.
Executive assistant and director of reserch:
T. Jack Gary, Jr., certified public accountant.
Advisory committee (members of the com-
mittee on Government accounting, American
Institute of Accountants) : Edward A.
Kracke, Haskins & Sells, certified public
accountants, New York City; Maurice E. Pe-
loubet, Pogson & Peloubet, certified pub-
lic accountants, New York City; J. S. Seid-
man, Seidman & Seidman, certified public,
accountants, New York City; Weston Rankin,
Price Waterhouse & Co., certified public ac-
countants, New York City; Harry Howell,
certified public accountant, Washington,
D. C.; Donald F. Stewart, certified public ac-
countant, Savannah, Ga.
Budgetary Phase
Project director: A. E. Buck, Institute of
Public Administration.
Assisted by: Henry Burke, former budget
director of Alabama, of Tennessee, and of
North Carolina; Prof. Roviland Eggers, Co-
lumbia University; Prof. John D. Millett,
Columbia University; Peter Langhoff, direc-
tor of research,' Young & Rubicam, Inc., New
York City. 49
8. Federal-State administrative relationships
Chairman: Thomas Jefferson Coolidge,
chairman of the board, Tjnited Fruit Co.;
Under Secretary of the Treasury, 1934-36.
Committee: John Burton, director of the
budget, Sta8'8 of New York; William An-
derson, professor, University of Minnesota;
Senator Harry F. Byrd, of Virginia; Gov-
ernor Frank Carlson, of Kansas; William L.
Chenery, publisher, Collier's Weekly; John
W. Davis, senior partner, Davis, Polk, Ward-
well, Sunderland & Kiendl, Ambassador
to Great Britain, 1918-21; Democratic nomi-
nee for President, 1924; Charles A. Edison,
Governor of New Jersey, 1941-44; Assistant
Secretary of the Navy, 1939-40, and president,
Thomas A. Edison, Inc.; Dean William L
Myers, Cornell University.
Research director; Frank Bane, executive
director, council of State governments.
Secretary of committee: Charles Stockton,
Choate, Hall & Stewart, Boston, Mass.
9. Public works functions
Chairman and director: Robert Moses,
chairman of the New York State Council of
Parka and of the Triborough Bridge and
Tunnel Authority.
Executive secretary: Holden A. Evans, Jr.,
former executive secretary, New York State
Public Works Planning Commission; for-
mer director, New York City Airport Author.
ity.
Assistant secretary: W. Don Wilson.
Advisory committee: R. H. Baldock, pres-
ident, American Association of State High-
way Engineers, State of Oregon; S. D. Bechtel,
president, Bechtel Corp., San Fran-
cisco, Calif.; Gilmore D. Clarke, of Clarke,
Rapuano, and Holleran, consulting engi-
neers; Richard E. Dougherty, vice president,
New York Central Railroad: Gano Dunn,
president, J. G. White Engineering Corp.;
Aymar Embury II, architect, city of New York
and consultant to Port of New York Author-
ity; Thomas F. Farrell, chairman, New York
City Housing Authority; Thomas K. Fin-
letter, Coudert Bros., and recently chair-
man, President's Air Policy Commission; G,
Donald Kennedy, vice president, Automotive
Safety Foundation; Ben Moreell, president,
Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.; Robert P.
Patterson, formerly Secretary of War; Charles
H. Purcell, director, Department of Public
Works, State of California; John A. Reilly,
president, General Contractors Association,
vice president, the Arundel Corp.;
Thorndike Saville, dean, College of Engineer-
ing, New York University; Charles H. Sells,
superintendent, New York State Department
of Public Works; Luther C. Steward, presi-
dent; National Federation . of Federal Em-
ployees.
Consultants: W. Earle Andrews, of Andrews
& Clark, consulting engineers, New York;
William N. Carey, executive secretary, Amer-
lean Society of Civil Engineers; William S.
Chapin, consulting engineer, Triborough
Bridge and Tunnel Authority; Frederick A.
Collins, special counsel; G. Frank Dough-
erty, counsel, Long Island State Park Com-
mission; William F. Heavey, consultant en-
gineer, New York City Department of Marine
and Aviation; Arthur S. Hodgkiss, executive
officer, New York City Department of Parke;
Arthur E. Howland, chief engineer, Long Is-
land State Park Commission, Jones Beach
State Parkway Authority, gethpage Park Au-
thority; William S. Lebwohl, deputy corpo-
ration counsel, city of New York; M. J.
Madigan, of Madigan-Hyland, engineers;
Emil Praeger, chief engineer, Madigan-Hy-
land, engineers; John C. Riedel, chief engi-
neer, Board of Estimate, city of New York;
Sidney M. Shapiro, deputy- engineer, Long
Island State Park Commission; Arthur V.
,Sheridan, commissioner of borough works,
the Bronx, New York; George E. Spargo,
general manager of the Triborough Bridge
and Tunnel Authority, deputy construction
coordinator, New York; Harry Taylor, as-
sistant general manager, Triborough Bridge
and Tunnel Authority; director, office of
construction coordinator, New York City.
10. Federal field offices
Project director: Dr. Julius Klein, Assist-
ant Secretary of Commerce, 1929-33, and
staff.
11. Revolving funds and business enterprises
Project director: Maj. Gen. Arthur H.
Carter, former fiscal director, Army Service
Forces (Haskins & Sells).
Research director: Col. Andrew Stewart,
former deputy fiscal director, Army Service
Forces,
Consultant on power and irrigation proj-
ect: Col. A. B. Roberts, consulting engineer,
Cleveland, Ohio.
112- Lending agencies
Project director: Paul Grady, former assist-
ant to the Secretary of'the Navy (Price Water-
house & Co.).
Advisory committee: Paul Bestor, presi-
dent,' the Trust Co. of New Jersey; Donald
D. Davis, president, Minnesota & Ontario
Paper Co.; Walter J. Cummings, chairman
of the board, Continental Illinois National
Bank & Trust Co. of Chicago; Walter D.
Fuller, president, the Curtis Publishing Co.;
George L. Harrison, president, Nqw York Life
Insurance Co.; Arnold B. Keller, lsenior con-
sultant, International Harvester Co.; Walter
Lichtenstein, financial and economic con-
JUNE 2
sultant, Chicago, Ill.; James H. McGraw, Jr.,
president, McGraw-Hill Publishing Co., Inc.;
Prof. Sumner H. Slichter, Harvard University;
Allan Sproul, president, Federal Reserve Bank
of New York.
13. Federal personnel management
Chairman: John A. Stevenson, president,
Penn Mutual Life Insurance Co.
Committee: Lawrence A. Appley, vice pres-
ident, Montgomery Ward & Co.; Vannevar
Bush, chairman, Research and Development
-Board; Senator Harry F. Byrd,.of Virginia;
Alvin E. Dodd, president, American Manage-
ment Association; Franklin D'Olier, former
chairman, the Prudential Life Insurance Co.
of America; Dr. Alvin C. Eurich, acting presi-
dent, Stanford University; Dean Earl G. Har-
rison, University of Pennsylvania Law School;
Dr. Robert L. Johnson, president, Temple
University; David Lilienthal, chairman,
Atomic Energy Commission; James P. Mit-
chell, vice president, Bloomingdale Bros.;
Robert Ramspeck, executive vice president,
Air Transport, Association of America; A. W.
Robertson, chairman of the board, Westing-
house Electric Co.; Dr. George D. Stoddard,
president, University of Illinois; Rawleigh
Wgrner, chairman of the board, the Pure Oil
Co.; Alfred H. Williams, president, Federal
Reserve Bank of Philadelphia; Prof. Leonard
D. White, department of political science,
University of Chicago.
Project director: Richard Paget of Cresap,
McCormick, & Paget, management engineers,
New York City.
14. Foreign affairs
Committees: Harvey H. Bundy, Assistant
Secretary of State, 1931-33; Assistant to the
Secretary of War, 1941-45; James Grafton
Rogers, Assistant Secretary of State, 1931-33;
professor of law, Yale University, 1935-42.
Adviser: Henry L. Stimson, former Secre-
tary of War and of State.
Executive secretary: John F. Meek, Jr.,
former assistant dean, Yale Law School.
15. Natural resources
Chairman: Leslie Miller, former Governor
of Wyoming.
Committee: Horace Albright, former Di-
rector, National Park Service; John Dempsey,
former Governor of New Mexico; Donald H.
McLaughlin, president, Homestake Mining
Corp.; Dr. Isaiah Bowman, president, John
Hopkins University; Dr. Gilkibrt White, presi-
dent, Haverford College; Ralph L. Carr, former
Governor of Colorado; Prof. Samuel T. Dana;
dean of school of forestry and conservation,
University of Michigan.
Research: Legislative Reference Service,
Library of Congress.
16. Regulatory agencies
Committee: Prof. Robert R. Bowie of the
Harvard Law School; and Assistant to the
Military Governor of Germany, 1945-46; Owen
D. Young, former chairman of the board,
General Electric Co.; Robert LaFollette,
former Senator from Wisconsin.
Project director: Prof. Robert R. Bowie.
Executive assistant: Harold Leventhal,
Washington, D. C.
17. Agricultural activities -
Chairman: Dean H. P. Rusk, Illinois State
College of Agriculture, Urbana, Ill.
Committee: Dean H. W. Martin, school of
agriculture, Rutgers University, New Bruns-
wick, N. J.; Dr. D. Howard Doane, Doane Ag-
ricultural Service, St. Louis, Mo.; F. W. Peck,
executive director, Farm Foundation, Chi-
cago, Ill.; Prof. John Gaus, Harvard Univer-
sity, Cambridge, Mass.; Dean W. A. Schoen-
feld, Oregon State College, Corvallis, Oreg.;
Chester Davis, president, Federal Reserve
Bank, St. Louis, Mo.; William Rhea Blake, ex-
ecutive vide president, National Cotton Coun-
ell.
Research director: G. Harris Collingwood.
Consultant: Gen. H. P. Seidemann, the
Brookings Institution.
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1948 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD--SENATE-
The Commission held its first meeting Sep-
tember 29, 1947. There have been regular
meetings to date, with practically the entire
membership present. Each of us is devoting
a substantial portion of time to this work,
The Commission is assisted by a relatively
small staff, several of whom are devoting
services without compensation. We have the
full cooperation of the administrative officials
of the Government and the advantage of
many exhaustive investigations by the Con-
gress.
Early in our work we decided that in such
a huge problem we must have the aid of
leading and experienced citizens for deter-
mination of fact and recommendations as
to remedies. We, therefore, divided the work
into partially departmental but mainly func-
tional segments; we created some 22 task
forces to undertake the work, with authority
to them to engage such research aid as they
might require. We have been extremely for-
tunate in the response of outstanding men
and women to serve as members of our "task
forces." Some of these "task forces" are near
completion of their research and near the
stage of tentative conclusions. As their
fields may, in some cases, partly overlap, we
are now initiating a series of conferences be-
tween them.
I enclose- herewith a list of the. investiga-
tions and-their staffs which we have inaugu-
rated.
We anticipate that all project studies will
be completed by the autumn. Then each
will be subject to careful analysis by the
Commission in formalizing its own report
and recommendations to the Congress in
January 1949, as provided in the act.
In making our report to the Congress,
it is my present opinion that we should pro-
sent initially a broad review of the funda-
mental structural reorganization of the ex-
ecutive arm that is needed, this report to be
followed by separate reports upon various
functions and departments, with detailed
recommendations.
In the meantime, the whole Commission
believes that it would bg unfortunate to an-
nounce any findings or tentative conclusions
until after the election. Only by keeping our
effort entirely removed from the political field
will the final report be recognized, as Con-
gress intended, as truly nonpartisan.
Yours faithfully, ..
HERBERT Hoovy .
Mr. President, I think it is noteworthy
that this Commission is attacking the
reorganization of the Government on a
functional basis, and has succeeded in
dividing that subject into 22 separate
functions. I think it is of interest to the
Senate to realize that there will be in
January a preliminary report, which will
be followed by separate reports upon the
various functions and departments of the
Government.
I shall ask to have printed following
these remarks the names of all of the
very able citizens who are in one way or
another identified with the work of the
Commission on Organization of the Ex-
ecutive Branch of the Government.
Members of the Senate will note that
work has been broken down into 22 proj-
ects. These projects are: First, Office
of the President and its relation to the
departments and agencies; second, Post
Office Department; third, procurement
functions of civilian departments;
fourth, transportation and communica-
tion functions; fifth, veterans' affairs;
sixth, public welfare functions; seventh,
fiscal, budgeting, and accounting func-
tions; eighth, Federal-State administra-
tive relationships; ninth, public-works
.functions; tenth, Federal field offices;
eleventh, revolving funds and business
enterprises of the Government, other
than lending agencies; twelfth, lending
agencies; thirteenth, Federal personnel
management; fourteenth, foreign af-
fairs; fifteenth, natural resources; six-
teenth, regulatory agencies; seventeenth,
agricultural, activities; eighteenth, medi-
cal services; nineteenth, Indian affairs;
twentieth, Government statistical serv-
ices; twenty-first, records management;
twenty-second, national security organi-
zation.
I believe that when Members of the
Senate read of these different activities
and see the caliber of men who were
engaged on them, they will have a feel-
ing that when this Commission finally
reports next January, it will have given
to the people of this country a method
whereby their government can become
truly economical in the best sense of the
word, and-what is even more impor-
tant-truly effective.
Mr. President, I ask unanimous con-
sent to have printed following my re-
marks a list of all the very able men and
women who are giving of their time and
effort to carry out this work.
There being no objection, the list was
ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as
follows:
COMMISSION ON ORGANIZATION OF THE ExEcu-
TIVE BRANCH OF THE GOVERNMENT
Appointed to the Commission by the
President: Vice Chairman, Dean Gooderham
Acheson, former Under Secretary of State;
Arthur Sherwood Flemming, Civil Service.
Commissioner; James Forrestal, Secretary of
Defense; George Houk Mead, former member
of Federal Price Control Board.
Appointed by the President pro tempore of
the Senate: George David Aiken, Senator
from Vermont; Joseph Patrick Kennedy, for-
mer Ambassador to Great Britain; John Lit-
tle McClellan, Senator from Arkansas; James
Kerr Pollock, professor of political science,
University of Michigan.
Appointed by the Speaker of the House of
Representatives: Chairman," Herbert Hoover,
former President of the United States;
Clarence J. Brown, Representative from Ohio;
Carter Manasco, Representative from Ala-
bama; James Henry Rome, Jr., former Assist-
ant Attorney General.
PROJECTS ORGANIZED
1. Office of the President and its relation to
the departments and agencies
Project director: Chairman Herbert Hoover.
Assisted by (on the presidency) : :Don K.
Price, associate director, Public Administra-
tion Clearing House.
Assisted by (on departmental organiza-
tion) : H. Struve Hensel, former Assistant
Secretary of the Navy.
Assistant to Mr. Price: Stephen K. Bailey.
Assistant to Mr. Hensel: Prof. John D.
Mtllett, of Columbia University. .
2. Post Office Department
Project directors: Robert Heller & Associ-
ates, Inc., management engineers.
Represented by: "Frank Elmendorf and
staff.
3. Procurement functions of civilialt
departments
Project director, Russell Forbes, formerly
director of the division of. research in public
administration, New York University; com-
missioner of purchase, New York City.
Purchasing: Robert R. Nash, formerly
director, purchase analysis division, purchas-
ing department, Ford Motor Co., Detroit,
Mich.; Joseph L. Ernst, formerly purchasing
7091
agent, Rochester Board of Education, Roches-
ter, N. Y.; Herbert L. Brown, formerly direc-
tor, purchase analysis of the Lincoln-1Gter.
cury division, Ford Motor Co., Detroit, Mich.
Storing and distribution: John V. O'Con-
nell, formerly supervising engineer for the
bureau of stores, purchase department, city
of New York; J. H. Geary, formerly assistat
manager of stores, Erie Railroad Co., Hornell,
N. Y.
Inspection: Leon J. Jacobi, inspection and
standards engineer, the Detroit-Edison Co.,
Detroit, Mich.
Standardization of specifications: Dana M.
Barbour, on loan from the Division of Sta-
tistical Standards, Bureau of the Budget.
Property identification: Frank A. Cisar and
Vladimir S. Kolesnikoff, Division of Statistical
Standards, Bureau of the Budget (working at
the Bureau).
Property utilization: Geith G. Barr, on loan
from the Property Management Section, Di-
vision of Administrative Management, Bu-
reau of the Budget.
Traffic management: Bell and Ussery, traffic
consultants, Investment Building, Washing-
ton, D. C.
Legal problems: Sidney D. Goldberg, attor-
ney, formerly associated with the Department
of the Interior and the Bureau of the Budget.
Secretary and office manager: Mrs. Myrtle
M. Watson, formerly secretary and admin-
istrative assistant to Finance Adviser to Com-
mander in Chief, European Command
(OMGUS), Berlin, Germany.
Advisory committee: W. Z. Betts, director,
division of purchase and contact, State of
North Carolina; Harry Erlicher, vice president
in charge of purchases,. General Electric Co.:
Thomas D. Jolly, vice president in charge of
purchases and engineering, Aluminum Co. of
America; R. C. Haberkern, vice president in
charge of purchases, R. J. Reynolds Tobacco
Co ~ Carl Ilgenfritz, vice president in charge
of purchases, U. S. Steel Corp. of Delaware;
George A. Renard, executive secretary-
treasurer, National Association of Purchasing
Agents; John P. Sanger, vice president in
charge of purchases, U. S. Gypsum Co.;
Charles E. Smith, vice president in charge of
purchases, New York, New Haven, and Hart-
ford R. R.
4.. Transportation and communications
functions
Project director: Dr. Charles Dearing,
Brookings Institution.
Assistant project director: Dr. Wilfred
Awen, Brookings Institution.
5. Veterans' affairs
Chairman: Col. Franklin O'Olier. former
chairman of the board, the Prudential Life
Insurance. Co. of America.
Advisory committee: John Stevenson, pres-
ident, Penn Mutual Life Insurance Co., Phil-
adelphia, Pa.; Edmund Fitzgerald, president,
Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co.,
Milwaukee, Wis.; Paul Clark, president, John
Hancock Mutual Life"Insurance Co., Boston,
Mass.
Survey director: Valentine' Howell, vice
president and actuary, the Prudential Life
Insurance Co. of America.
Assisted on insurance phase by: Albert F.
Jacques, vice president, the Prudential Life
Insurance Co. of America; William R. Cun-
ningham, Paul C. Sanborn Associates, New
York City; Roland Mangini, manager, plan-
nifig department, John Hancock Mutual Life
Insurance Co., Boston, Mass.; Mason Sears,
Boston, Mass.; Victor Henningsen, comptrol-
ler, Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co.,
Milwaukee, Wis..
Activities Other Than Insurance and
Hospitalization
Director: Thomas M. Searles, president,
Equity Co., Philadelphia.
Assisted by: the Trundle Engineering Co.,
and staff.
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1948
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE
7089
of my own personal experience in Eu-
rope during 3 years of the war, and after
the war as a visiting Senator represent-
ing this body.
As I understand, there } are roughly
about 850,000 displaced persons whom we
and other nations now seek to help. The
bill before us provides for the admission
into this country of 200,000. That ex-
cludes from consideration by us under
the terms of this legislation approxi-
mately 650,000 displaced persons. There-
fore from my point of view the only
sound practice is to accept the date on
the l:_.sis of which we shall have the
greatest reason to believe that every per-
son brought to this country as a dis-
placed person is entitled to the consid-
eration. which the bill extends. What-
ever happens, we shall be forced to leave
behind in Europe many deserving men
and women. We cannot bring them all
in. For that reason I think the date so
ably supported by the Senator from
West Virginia and the Senator from Mis-
souri is deserving of our consideration
and support.
Mr. President, I should like to-,make
one further observation. It is obvious
to any man who has ever traveled in
Europe and through the cams that most
of the men and women who live in the
camps are fine citizens. A great many
of them are deserving of the best we have
to offer in this country. However, I
want the RECORD to show that it is obvi-
ous that a number of men and women
who have entered the displaced persons
camps in Europe since 1945 have entered
of their own free will, and because they
considered a displaced persons camp to
be a way station on their journey toward
the largess of the United States.
Since the displaced-persons problem
first came into being, authorities have
been concerned over the practice of re-
patriation-encouraging people to re-
turn to the lands whence they came. In
our wisdom-and, I think, properly so-
it was judged that no men or women
would be forced, against their will, to
return to their native state. But if the
date supported by the Senator from West
Virginia is adopted by the Senate and
the House of Representatives, I have
reason, within myself, to believe that re-
patriation will come alive again, and a
considerable number of men and women
and their children, who came into the
camps since 1945, will know for the first
time in no uncertain language that, "It
is time we went back, and went to work
where we came from, because the United
States of America has gone so far, and
is going no farther."
Mr. President, by way of a further af-
firmative word of support for the date
fixed by the bill, I say that it will best
serve the purpose of America in giving
intelligent consideration to those who
are deserving of the greatest care and
attention by the opportunity and com-
fort of our country.
Mr. DONNELL. Mr. President, will
the Senator yield for an inquiry?
Mr. CAIN. I yield.
Mr. DONNELL. I am putting this in
the form of an inquiry, but I think it is
only simple justice to the Senator from
Washington-who has very modestly re-
President's directive has been changed
for the same reason. It has been almost dence in the zones of Germany and Aus-
impossible to straighten out the records tria, not in the camps, which are entirely
based upon the earlier date. different, of course.
The Senator. has stated that there Mr. SMITH. However, that is not the
must have been a record of some kind, point I am making. I agree with the
Tile President did not make the date Senator from West Virginia that we must
December 22, 1945, the test of eligibility. definitely determine a cut-off point. The
He simply said, "We now issue the order entire question is whether it shall be the
that displaced persons shall have.pri- date used in the President's original di-
ority in applying for visas under the reg- rective, or whether, in the light of the
ular quota system of the Immigration fact that we are all aware that the poor
Service." His directive did not make people who were fleeing from the Jewish
any change in the immigration laws. It pogroms in Poland and elsewhere rushed
did not do anything except to give pri- 'into our zone, they should be included in
ority to certain eligible persons under our definition of displaced persons. At
the laws as they existed. It has nothing that point there was no question of defi-
to do with the settlement of a period of nition. We did our defining later. The
time in which the package would be only question is whether we should re-
wrapped up. Later more displaced per- ceive some of those who suffered from the
sons came into the area. General Clay aftermath of the war, as well as from the
issued an order setting the date as April war itself, on the same basis as we re-
21, 1947. That was the date used by our ceived people into the camps until the
forces in determining the occupation of date when General Clay and other au-
the camps. That was the date used by thorities felt there should be a deadline.
the IRO in determining the deadline for We established such a deadline. We said,
developing this particular package. "No more can come in. We cannot take
Mr. DONNELL. Mr. President, I hold care of any more. refugees. We are over-
In my hand a release issued by the Com run now."
mon Council for American Unity, pre- That is the point at which we should
viously mentioned, in which is set forth determine the question of eligibility.
a definition. It is stated to have been There is a difference of opinion. I sub-
that issued by the Visa Division of the mit the position of my colleagues and
Department of State, in which the De- myself. I respect the position of the Sen-
partment of State said, In express terms: atdr from Missouri and the Senator from
A displaced person in Germany or Austria West Virginia, but I think they have
is one who (a) has resided since December made a mistake in not accepting the
22, 1945, in the zones of Germany and Aus- cataloging date of both the IRO and our
tria occupied by the armed forces of the military forces, in order to determine
United States, or in the British or American the qualifications, background, and eligi-
s of Berlin and Vienna, and (b) is
classi bility of all these people. If we continue
classifiable within one or more of the follow- to accept the earlier date, according to
ing categories: advices which I have received from both
As I understand, the definition given the Department of the Army and the
by the Department of State certainly in- State Department, there will be great
dicates that it was addressing itself to confusion.
the date December 22, 1945, as the date Mr. CAIN. Mr. President, I should
which.was the cut-off in determining like to ask the distinguished Senator in
who were displaced persons. charge of the bill several questions.
Let me say, in concluding this observa- As the junior Senator from Washing-
tion, that it seems to me that the Sena- ton understands, the problem now before
toe from New Jersey touched although us is this: The Senate is seeking, as best
the vital point very y properly, , although I it can, to help displaced persons who are
disagree with him in his conclusion. The most deserving of help, and those who
earlier question is be whether in determine have suffered most from the tortures and
or ravages of war. If that conclusion is
Ingli date should eligible
g who shall l be ns considered respectfully correct, does it not logically follow that
displaced persons. I if we were to aecept the date of April 21,
months elect after sua bmit
that only y i approxifar mately more logical 6 logiecalto select
the date 1947, as advocated by the Senator from
a Michigan and his colleagues, we would
dconclusion the basis the of whichGerman o determine was the be denying admission into this country,
persons were displaced by rav- under the terms of the bill, to the very
what date
than to than to people whom we seek most to help
ages and d horrors of war, rather rarther the
through this legislation?
go forward a year` and 5 months in or h that Mr. REVERCOMB. Undoubtedly that
months and say that in is true. I believe the Senator has placed
category are not merely those included who os were er his finger on the issue involved. The
n t the end various the zo waar, r, but t or 6 also bs peoeplle after
who o Senate has voted that 200,000 may come
cin a a year and a half fsubsequently. in. The Senator from Washington has
came a
So I associate myself vigorously, and stated-and I think properly-that we
with as much clarity as I am capable of, should give preference to those who have.
with the position taken by the Senator suffered most, and who are in fact dis-
from West Virginia, that the pending placed. the date, utl the nstlyer by ex-
amendment should be defeated. some of
Mr. SMITH. Mr. President, I appre- those deserving of first consideration will
elate the observation of the Senator; but be deprived of the opportunity for ad-
as he read the statement of the definon mission.
I believe It referred to residence in he Mr. CAIN. I am very much inter-
zones on a certain date. It did not refer ested in the Senator's response to my
to the time prior to that date. question. I raise the question because
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7090 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.-SENATE
frained from saying it himself-to say
that without being appointed on a com-
mittee, as I understand, he. went to
Europe and, visited camp after camp, last
fall, in October and November. In my
judgment, he made a careful, detailed,
and conscientious investigation of the
conditions in those camps, I should like
the RECORD to show tha, the Senator
from Washington is speaking not merely
from some past history of several years
ago, but at least in part from. his exten-
sive and intelligent investigation and
study while he was in Europe last Octo-
ber and November.
Mr. CAIN. The Senator is very kind.
Mr. REVERCOMB. Mr. President, if
the Senator will yield, let me join my col-
league, the Senator from Missouri, in
stating that the Senator from Wash-
ington has performed a valuable service
for the Senate, for the entire Congress,
and for the people of the United States
in the study which he himself made of
the displaced persons problem. Not only
did the able Senator from Washington
come face to face with the displaced per-
sons problem through the time of his
service in the Army of his country and
during the closing days of the war and
also in the drys immediately following
the close of the war, but, as has been
stated here, he went to Europe at the
time of the committee's visit there. He
went there at his own expense. He went
through the camps, often with members
of the committee, and he was a great
help to the work of the committee at
that time. So it is with particular good
feeling that I hear the Senator from
Washington today sustain the commit-
tee, after its months and months work
upon this serious problem. I am glad,
indeed, to hear the statement of the
Senator from Washington sustaining the
committee's position and asking his col-
leagues in the Senate to vote against the
pending amendment, because I feel that
this very formula of fixing the eligible
and admissible displaced persons is in-
deed the heart of this bill. If it be de-
stroyed the displaced persons part of
this proposed legislation will likewise be
destroyed and we will have not a dis-
placed persons bill, but another general
immigration bill added to the existing
immigration laws of the country. That
is the important consideration in con-
nection with the pending question.
The Senator from Washington has
made it clear that unless we leave the
dates remain as they are in the bill-and
they are dates which long have been
recognized by the executive branch of
our Government, and have been un-
changed until this very year of 1948-we
shall ruin the chances of the real dis-
placed persons to secure the relief which
the Congress and the country are trying
to give to them.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The
question is on agreeing to the amend-
ment lettered "G" offered by the Sena-
tor from Michigan [Mr. FERGUSON] for
himself and other Senators.
On this question the yeas and nays
have been ordered, and the Clerk will call
the roll.
The Chief Clerk called the roll.
Mr. WHERRY. I announce that the
Senator from Kentucky [Mr. COOPER] is
absent on official business Ind is paired
with the Senator from South Dakota
[Mr. BUSHFIELD] who is necessarily
absent. If present and-voting, the Sen-
ator from Kentucky would vote "yea,"
and the Senator from South Dakota
would vote "nay."
The Senator from Wyomlg [Mr.
ROBERTSON] and the Senato Yom Wis-
consin [Mr. WILEY] are ab,;ff on official
business.
The Senator from ew Hampshire
[Mr. TOBEY] is absepi by leave of the
Senate. If present and voting, the Sen-
ator from New Hampshire would vote
"yea.,,
The Senator from Oklahoma [Mr.
MooRE] and the Senator from Ohio [Mr.
TAFT] are detained on official business.
If present and voting, the Senator from
Ohio [Mr. TAFT] would vote "yea."
The senior Sector from Maine [Mr.
WHITE] and- the junior Senator from
Maine [Mr. BREWSTER] are necessarily
absent. If present and voting, the
junior Senator from Maine [Mr. BREW-
STER] would vote "yea."
Mr. LUCAS. I announce that the
Senator from Kentucky [Mr. BARKLEY],--
the Senator from South Carolina [Mr.
MAYBANK], the Senator from Tennessee
[Mr. STEWART], and the Senator from
Idaho [Mr. TAYLOR] are absent on public
business.
The Senator from Arizona [Mr. HAY-
DEN] is absent on official business.
The Senator from Oklahoma [Mr,
THOMAS] is absent on official business at
one of the Government departments.
The Senator from Nevada [MVir. Mc-
CARRAN], the Senator from Texas [Mr.
O'DANIELI, and the Senator from New
York [Mr. WAGNER] are necessarily
absent.
On this vote the Senator from Ken-
tucky [Mr. BARKLEY] is paired with the
Senator from Tennessee [Mr. STEWART].
If present and voting, the Senator from
Kentucky would vote "yea," and the Sen-
ator from Tennessee would vote "nay."
If present and voting, the Senator
from New York [Mr. WAGNER ] would vote
"yea."
The result was announced-yeas 29,
nays 49, as follows:
YEAS-29
Aiken Ives Murray
Ball Johnson, Cola. Myers
Bridges Kilgore O'Conor
Brooks Lodge O'Mahoney
Chavez Lucas Pepper
Downey McCarthy Saltonstall
Ferguson McGrath Smith _
Green McMahon Sparkman
Hatch Magnuson Thomas, Utah
Hill Morse
Baldwin
Bricker
Buck
Butler
Byrd
Cain
Capehart
Capper
Connally
Cordon
Donnell
Dworshak
Eastland
Ecton
Ellender
Feazel
Flanders
NAYS-49
Fulbright Mlllikin
George Reed ,
Gurney Reverconib
Hawkes Robertson, Va.
Hickenlooper Russell
Hoey Stennis
Holland Thye
Jenner Tydings
Johnston, S. C. Urestead
Kern Vandenberg
Knowland Watkins
Langer Wherry
McClellan Williams
McFarland Wilson
McKellar Ycung
Malone.
Martin
JUNE 2
NOT VOTING-18
Barkley Maybank. Taylor
Brewster Moore Thomas, Okla.
Bushfield O'Daniel Tobey
Cooper Robertson, Wyo, Wagner
Hayden Stewart White
McCarran Taft Wiley
So amendment G, offered by Mr. FER-
GUSON for himself,and other Senators,
was rejected.
ORGANIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE
BRANCH OF THE GOVERNMENT
Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, it will
soon be a year since the Congress passed
the so-called Lodge-Brown bill setting
up a Commission on the Organization of
the Executive Branch of the Govern-
ment. At the time it seemed to me that
the action of Congress was historic-
not only had it passed this bill unani-
mously in both branches; it was also the
first time that Congress had ever given
full authority to search for an over-all
solution to the problem of Government
reorganization. All previous efforts had
been fragmentary. In view of the im
portance of the problem and the tre-
mendous strides which the Commission
has made since it came into existence,
under the chairmanship of former Presi-
dent Hoover, I felt justified in seeking a
report from Mr. Hoover which would give
to the Congress and the public a picture
of what has been accomplished and what
may be expected in the future.
Mr. Hoover replied to me under date
of May 22. The matter is of such im-
portance that I shall read his letter to the
Senate:
MY DEAR SENATOR LODGE: I have your letter
of May 11 inquiring as to the progress of the
work of the Commission on Organization of
the Executive Branch of the Government, of
which authority you were a joint author.
I need scarcely mention that the Commis-
sion is deeply conscious of its responsibility
to the Congress and to the American people
as a whole. As a nonpartisan 12-man group,
composed of one-third from representatives
appointed by the President, by the Speaker
of the House and by the President of the
Senate, equally of Democrats and of Repub-
licans,and the wide authorities under the
act, it represents the most formidable ap-
proach yet made to this national problem.
The subject has been the concern of every
President and every Congress for over 50
years. But the efforts of reorganization have
been fractional. This is the first time full
authority has been given to search for a
solution as a whole.
That it is imperative is obvious when we
consider that the number of persons at S
years after the 'irst World War who were
receiving regular payments from the Federal
Government was about 2,200,000, and 3 years
after the Second World- War it is about 13,-
400,000. The budget 3 years after the First
World War was about $4,000,000,000 per an-
num, whereas 3 years after the Second World
War it is $40,000,000,000. There are insuffi-
cient savings left in the hands of the people
to repair, maintain, and improve the tools
of production and distribution upon which
our standard of living depends. These fig-
ures obviously indicate the necessity for im-
portant structural changes in the Govern-
ment to secure the maximum efficiency and
economy.
Our field of inquiry not only concerns every
citizen; it concerns the very strength and
vitality of democracy itself. The success of
this .mission may well set the pattern for
future joint participation by private citizens
and Government representatives on matters
affecting national welfare.
Approved For Release 2006/10/17: CIA-RDP65B00383R000400340019-2