NO ACTION POLICY OF THE NEW FRONTIER IN CUBA THREATENS COMMUNIST EXPANSION IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON.WI

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP64B00346R000200150001-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 27, 2004
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 31, 1962
• Content Type: OPEN

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1962 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX 6567
to Poland's assistance. That undertaking' fought with and for us, and, in fighting, lost though they were fighting over their own
proved the immediate casus belli of the all they possessed except their honor and country. None of us," he wrote, "will ever
greatest and most destructive war In his- courage, can at least be assured by the Brit- forget them." Before the war ended there
tory and the ultimate cause of Hitler's ish people, both in their corporate capacity were no fewer than 14 Polish squadrons serv-
downfall and the preservation of Europe's as a nation and in their personal one as ing with the RAF.
liberty. It saved Russia by giving her a 2- individuals. And at a time when, for bet- "When the call came," Sir Winston
years breathing space' before the attack ter or worse, we are talking, and for. our Churchill has said, "Poland did not hesitate.
which Hitler had resolved, and long planned, own supposed advantage, 17 years after the * * * She showed in the spontaneous re-
to launch against her and it decided that, end of the war in which Poland perished, of sponse of her sons and daughters that spirit
when that attack came, Russia's vulnerable throwing in our economic and political lot of national unity and of self-sacrifice which
southern flank would be guarded by the with the nation that destroyed Poland, it has maintained her among the great nations
British Eastern Mediterranean Fleet and Air seems particularly incumbent on us to do all of Europe through all her many trials and
Forces and by the British and Common- that we can to honor that debt to these gal- tribulations." In the words of the patron of
wealth armies in the Middle East. There lant men eating the bread of exile in the the Polish Air Force Association, Marshal of
was no German attack from Asia Minor on country that bade them have the faith to the Royal Air Force Sir John Slessor, its
the Caucasus and the vital, vulnerable Baku fight and which, not without their help, sur- sons who continued throughout the war to
ollwells because Britain, armed at last after vived and triumphed in the struggle that en- fight by our side, "never wavered. They
nearly 2 years of war and rearmament, stood gulfed them and their own land. started fighting before we did and only
in the way. For Hitler's reply-in the end a Of such men there are some especially to stopped when we stopped.* * * There are
fatal one for him-to the British guarantee whom, acting in our individual capacity, we the widows and orphans of those dead air-
to Poland, was the Ribbentrop-Molotov pact can bring timely and wanted help. The Po- crews; there are the disabled and the sick;
of August 1939. The pact spelt the certain lish Air Force Association in Great Britain, the aging men and their dependents who
destruction of Poland if it should decide to whose address is 14, Collingham Gardens, naturally find it more difficult than we to
act on the British guarantee and, so Hitler London, SW5, exists to render to Polish ex- live in a land which is not their own. * * *
supposed, the apparent defeat and fatuity of airmen who fought by our side in the late Try and imagine what it would be like if the
Britain's strategic resistance to Germany, war the same invaluable assistance that the situation were reversed. How would you like
But the price the would-be world conqueror RAF Benevolent Fund gives to those, and to be an exile in a strange land-a friendly
had to pay for it was a reprieve for Russia. their dependents, who have served in the land, of course, but nonetheless a foreign
And though that reprieve was temporary, it RAP. It provides grants and loans to those country-unable even to go back to Eng-
was to prove fatal for him. in need of assistance and who can be helped land? Supposing you or your wife or child
Poland chose to resist and, by resisting in no other way, including the disabled, sick broke a leg or rot pneumonia, or lost your
Hitler's atrocious designs, to be destroyed. and temporarily unemployed, and the fami- job; wouldn't you like to feel that you had
Only a very great people would have done so lies, widows and orphans of Polish airmen someone to turn to for help-some organiza-
under such circumstances, but the Poles, killed in action or deceased. It makes in- tion run by your own people, talking your
for all their political faults and failures, terest-free loans to those who need money own language--something like a branch of
have proved again and again that they are a to buy tools to obtain employment or to es- your Regimental Old Comrades Association
very great people. In the 17th century they tablish themselves in small businesses or or King George's Fund for Sailors or the
-saved European civilization; they did so workshops. It sends parcels containing RAF Benevolent Fund? That is what the
again by this heroic sacrifice of theirs in the materials, clothes, medical goods and food Polish Air Force Association exists for."
20th century. For though nothing but in- to the distressed families of Polish airmen
stantaneous and annihilating defeat fol- living behind the Iron. Curtain in Poland
lowed or could follow Poland's refusal to and who in many cases are suffering great
submit to Hitler's will by submitting and privation. It gives advice and provides a Greater Insecticide Control Needed
joining under duress, as Rumania and Hun- meeting place and social and-cultural enter-
gary later joined, his eastward march against tainment for exiled Polish airmen in Eng-
Russia-whom the Poles also feared and hated land. It does untold good with very little EXTENSION OF REMARKS
and had every cause to fear and hate-its money, and it needs more. or
consequences were as great as those that When Poland's own heroic and unavailing HON. HERMAN TOLL
have followed any political act in history. fight against the German hordes ended in
It brought Britain and France into the field the death in battle of 80,000 and the cap- OF PENNSYLVANIA
against Hitler at a time when Hitler had to tivity, ruin, and enslavement of millions,
triumph THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
be opposed by force of arms or be allowed to thousands of Polish soldiers and airmen, re-
triumph over all mankind. And though fusing to give up the struggle, made their Friday, August 31, 1962
within 10 months France had failed and the way to France and ultimately to England in
French Government had surrendered, the order to fight on. In the words of a Ministry Mr. TOLL. Mr. Speaker, there has
British refused to let go and in spite of all of Information wartime publication telling been much recent comment on the drug
odds held grimly on, like a bulldog, at the the official story of the Allied Air Forces from control activities of the Food and Drug
conqueror's throat until in the fullness of the occupied countries, "they had skied Administration. Numerous articles have
time others entered the fight and made use across the Carpathians; they had been appeared in newspapers and in other
of the respite that long, solitary bulldog grip through the prisons of Hungary; they had mass mediums calling for investigation
had given them. stolen boats and had rowed down the Drava and reevaluation of the Federal func-
Yet without Poland's decision and sacrifice River into Yugoslavia; they had come by
plied bons in these areas. Yet, we are today
that bulldog grip would never have been ap- steamer to Marseilles. They found them-
at the decisive moment or, when it selves in a France on the verge of defeat and faced with a problem of even greater
had been, would have been applied too late, disunity. So in June 1940 their escape began significance to both present and future
The Poles, almost to a man, knew instinctive- again. There was now only one country left generations-the problem of indiscrimi-
ly that Hitler must be resisted at whatever for them-England." '.There they became the nate use of toxic insecticides and pesti-
price to themselves. And we in Britain who largest of the exiled European forces fighting cides and their effect on urban dwellers,
pledged ourselves to stand by them and so against Germany and, in due course of time, who, having no choice, must purchase
gave them the hope and belief that the played, in the desert, in Italy, and in Nor- foods ineradicably contaminated with
toxic agents without any knowledge
sacrifice that they then so heroically elected mandy and northwest Europe, a vital to make would,not be In vain, owe them a in the defeat of Germany. part
debt of honor which we can only repay to- Among them were 'a considerable number thereof. A series of three articles, com-
day by helping the little handful of ex- of Polish airmen. Within a few weeks of mencing with the June 16, 1962, issue of
patriate representatives and survivors of that their arrival in 'England there were two. the New Yorker magazine, written by
martyred generation now living in our midst polish fighter squadrons among the devoted Rachel Carson, noted biologist, has
.who gave their all, not merely for the Po-. little array that defied and defeated the Luf t- pointed out many aspects of this problem.
land they loved and which was past sav- waffe in the Battle of Britain. One pilot in The two main problem areas of insee-
ing but for civilization and all that we call every eight who fought for us and mankind
Christendom. The independence of Poland in that immortal struggle was a Pole. On ticide use for the urban dweller are
sing
which, under the aegis of an all-devouring of them destroyed 25 raiders in 4 days. Ale - logical balance and toxic agents causing
Stalin and a fatally trusting President Roose- together they brought down in the battle pollution of water supplies and food-
velt, was shamefully repudiated by the vie- 200 German aircraft. Group Capt. Douglas stuffs. The history of life on earth is a
tors of the crusade for human liberty in Bader, who fought with these Polish airmen, history of interaction of living things
which she Aacf Been'the first to take the has recalled them as "a tough, dedicated and their surroundings. Nature has
cross of renunciation, valor and suffering, bunch who fought to save these islands as achieved, through eons of evolution,
cannot be, restored today except at the price an ecological-environmental-balance
of a world nuclear war. But the comfort,
personal independence and, human dignity 1 "There's Freedom in the Air," Ministry of which keeps all species of animal life
of the brave Polish survivors and exiles who Information, 1943. in reasonable proportion to all other
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ONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
sgecies. Man, hoer, has') recently
achieved artificial eans to d. rupt this
delicate balance though the use of in-
secticides. Quite often, his efforts to
eliminate a certain species of insect have
had disastrous results. Although the
insect pest is often brought under tem-
porary control, its natural. enemy-birds,
another insect, and so forth-is also
often wiped out and the complex preda-
tor-prey balance is destroyed. The in-
sect world, however, has shown
surprising ability to develop resistance
to insecticides and often an even greater
resurgence of the insect population fol-
lows since the insect's natural enemy
has been destroyed. Man is then forced
to develop an even more powerful insec-
ticide and the cycle begins anew with
the usual result that the insect pest is
not controlled and that widespread en-
vironmental contamination and death of
animal liife is produced. This has
reached catastrophic proportions in
many areas of the world where disease-
carrying insects have reached a point of
resistance to insecticides such, that they
have become almost ineradicable. Miss
Carson suggests several means to com-
bat this vicious cycle. The first, of
course, is Increased sanitation which
would destroy the breeding, places of
many objectionable and disease-carry-
ing insects. Second, she advocates the
use of biological controls, that is,. the
importation and distribution of the in-
sect's natural enemy to aid In keeping
the insect population under control.
She notes, for example, that the Japa-
nese beetle has been'brou.ghtunder ex-
cellent control on the east coast through
the use of biological cont:rols, while De-
partment of Agriculture efforts in the
Midwest to control the beetle by exten-
sive spraying have failed miserably.
Amore serious problem Is the effects
widespread application of i`secticides
may have on present and future gen-
erations. Many insecticides :[n use to-
day have proven toxic effects on humans,
including DDT and its derivatives, chlo-
rinated hydrocarbons-dieldrin, and so
forth-anti organic phosphates. It has
been proven by experimentation that
these toxic chemicals are often stored
in the fatty reserves of the body and
their cumulative effect may be extremely
dangerous. For example, the vital en-
zyme functions of the cells in._perform-
Ing oxidation of complex sugars may be
affected, causing immediate death, since
the body is unable to obtain energy for
vital life processes. Some insecticides
have been proven to be cancer produc-
ing-carchrogens-while others are
known to contribute to possible can-
cerous growths. Still other insecticides
have been known to break down the ge-
netic transmission functions of the cells
causing hereditarily transferable defects
and deformities. According to Dr. Mal-
com Hargraves, of the hematology de-
partment of the Mayo Clinic, blood dis-
eases-including leukemia-related to
the use of various toxic substances have
been increasing, -particularly in the last
.
,
,
10 years. He states that: to talk about; the safety of any specific
I believe that the vast-majority of patients amount of residue. And there are other
suffering from blood dyscrnsias and lym- defects. Sometimes tolerances have
phoid diseares have a significant history of been established on the basis of inade-
August 31
quate knowledge and laterreview and re-
evaluation caused a reduction or with-
drawal of the toxic agent. But only
after the public had been exposed to ad-
mittedly dangerous levels for a period of
time.
Thus, if the health of our present and
future generations is to be protected, an
evaluation of both present legal restric-
tions on insecticide useand of the neces-
sity of employing extremely toxic insecti-
cides themselves, is imperative. The
consumer deserves protection and a
guarantee that his food is not contam-
inated with dangerous chemicals. I urge
the Members to read Miss Carson's arti-
cle in full and to give serious thought to
these problems.
No Action Policy of the New Frontier in
Cuba Threatens Communist Expansion
in the Western Hemisphere
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. WILLIAM C. CRAMER
OF FLORIDA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, August 30, 1962
Mr. CRAMER. Mr. Speaker, recent
confirmation by the State Department
and CIA together with Presidential
statements proves conclusively what has
been known for some time, that Com-
munists are in the process of a gigantic
military and technical buildup in Cuba
in direct contravention to the Monroe
Doctrine reenunciated at Punta del Este
by the Organization of American States
recently.
For over 2 years as a Representative
of one of the districts of Florida, that
State being 90 miles from Cuba, I have
been insisting upon a positive firm pro-
gram to oust the Communists and Castro
from Cuba and to prevent its military
and technical buildup as a jumping off
point for Communists in this hemi-
sphere.
This recent influx of what the ad-
ministration chooses to call Communist
technicians and the importation of Red
surface-to-air missiles, together with the
admitted military buildup and sub-
stantial takeover by the Chinese and
Russian Communists of the functions of
government again emphasizes the need
for and the long lack of a positive pro-
gram to get rid of Castro.
Instead of such positive action and
over my objections the administration
has endorsed the $62 million ransom-for-
prisoners demands made by Castro in
the name of indemnity for the Bay of
Pigs invasion and I offered an amend-
ment to the mutual security bill to out-
law this transaction. It barely failed
passage and I might note without a Re-
publican vote against it by 134 to 137 in
a division vote. This abortive demand
for dollars is in direct contradiction to
the no-trade policy carried out under
Eisenhower in withdrawing the sugar
quota, and the followup of withdrawal
of trade under President Kennedy to
prevent the flow of dollars to Cuba.
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exposure to the various hydrocarbons, which
in turn include most of the pesticides of to-
day.
Thus, we are slowly, through increased
use of highly toxic insecticides and pesti-
cides, poisoning our environment and
quite possibly adversely affecting the
health of ,our population, while the cu-
mulative effects on the future are not
yet known. Miss Carson suggests that
the ultimate solution to this prob-
lem is to use chemicals that are less
toxic, so that the public hazard will be
much reduced. Such chemicals already
exist and include the pyre.thins, rotenone,
ryania, and others.
One of the major solutions to the prob-
lem of insecticide control lies in a re-
consideration of the laws affecting the
use of toxic chemicals. It is ironic that
insecticides, various other Federal agent
cies are advocating and assisting in their
application. On containers of insecti-
cides containing extremely toxic chemi-
cals, warnings are printed so inconspic-
uously that few people take the trouble
to read them. An industrial firm recent-
ly undertook a survey to find out just
how few. The results indicated that out
of a hundred people using insecticide
aerosols and sprays, scarcely 15 are aware
that there are any warnings at all on
the containers.
The next logical question is, What pro-
tection does. the Government offer us
from indiscriminate insecticide use?
The Food and Drug Administration es-
tablishes maximum permissible limits of
contamination, called tolerances for the
various pesticides. However, the efforts
of the Food and Drug Administration in
the field of consumer protection is se-
verely limited by two factors. One, the
Food and Drug Administration has juris-
diction only over foods marketed in in-
terstate commerce and, two, the small
number of inspectors on its staff do not
allow for adequate inspection of those
goods which do pass through interstate
commerce. Thus, goods not shipped
across State lines are subject to State
laws alone, many of which are extremely
inquate or nonexistent. Further-
mits only an infinitesimal fraction of
the products to be inspected-far less
than 1 percent-and uncounted amounts
of contaminated products have reached
the consumer. For example, a third of
the dairy products tested in 1960 showed
residues of toxic chemicals above legal
limits.
Beyond the above limiting factors, the
system under which the Food and Drug
Administration establishes tolerances
has obvious defects. Although the lim-
its of contamination on each Individual
item may be legally safe, there is no con-
trol over the total cumulative amount an
individual may consume, This piling up
of chemicals :Prom many different sources
creates a total exposure that can not be
measured
It is meaningless
therefore
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196.
COi'gGRESSYONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
Representing the tobacco workers of
Tampa and knowing that the lack of im-
ported Havana tobacco has hit the to-
bacco-making industry hard, this sacri-
fice now being made by U.S. workers to
prevent dollars from flowing to Cuba,
it is totally unconscionable that the ad-
ministration would give backing to this
indemnity ransom demand, which in-
cludes a preliminary Treasury Depart-
ment ruling making contributions to the
exiled prisoners committee tax deducti-
ble and refusal upon Interrogation of the
President to repudiate this scheme to
provide dollar,? to Communist Castro.
During the campaign, Candidate Ken-
nedy reiterated many times his inten-
tion, if elected President, to take firm
action in Cuba, including specifically the
recognition of a free non-Communist
government-in-exile. This has not been
done to date and the Cuban refugees,
who themselves, if properly unified be-
hind an effective leader, could do more
than anyone else both externally and in-
ternally to overthrow the Castro-Com-
munist regime, for many months have
been imploring_ the administration to
take such a move so that all of the Cuban
exiles and the present and prospective
insurgents within Cuba would know that
the United States is In support of a free
non-Communist government for Cuba
and would have hopes of eventual vic-
tory. The floundering around today, in-
cluding the split among the Cuban refu-
gees as to who the ' proper leader should
be, makes this solution to the Cuban
crisis most difficult.
The second step should be a declara-
tion of policy by the United States an-
nounced to the Communist world the in-
tention of this country to uphold the
Monroe Doctrine reenunciated at Punta
del Este and backed by the Organiza-
tion of American States to prevent the
inshipment in the future of any addi-
tional heavy war materiel in this hemi-
sphere and specifically to Cuba and like-
wise to prevent the exportation from
Cuba to any other hemisphere of revolu-
tionary war materiel and/or forces.
Troops were sent to South Vietnam to
prevent Communist overthrow and at-
tack from Laos, risking Russian and Red
China oppositon but none developed.
That country Is five to six thousand miles
from our shores and yet there is no will-
ingness to prevent shipment of troops
and materiel into a Communist-con-
trolled and dominated island 90 miles
from our shores. This makes no sense to
me or the American people. The excuse
is used that the United States should not
ruffle the feathers of Russia because of
the Berlin situation. That did not pre-
vent troops from being sent to South
Vietnam and should not prevent firm ac-
tion on Cuba. This is, in my opinion, an
excuse for inaction which makes no
sense.
The President should likewise enun-
ciate the policy of the United States that
Alliance for Progress funds which are al-
ready supposed to be conditioned upon
land reform and other assurances should
also be made available subject to further
assurancgs that aid, to, recognition of,
and trade with tuba would be withdrawn
so that that country would be isolated
and to prevent the exportation of com-
munism from Cuba.
The best information available to me,
despite denials thereof by the President
and the State Department, is that some
450 Communist troops recently did enter
Cuba along with the other military build-
up and whether or not they were in uni-
form seems to be nit picking and ap-
proaches an effort to mislead the Ameri-
can people as to what is going on in Cuba.
Through failure to back up the invading
refugees on the Bay of Pigs with military
recommended air coverage the immediate
opportunity to get rid of Castro was lost
and thus the responsibility of the New
Frontier. It is equally its responsibility
to provide effective leadership in killing
off this cancer before it spreads further
or becomes a greater danger and this,
Monroe.Doctrine principles. A failure to
provide an effective program is a sign of
weakness, not only throughout the world,
but in this hemisphere in particular.
It is time that it be recognized that the
Communists are establishing a little Rus-
sia and Red China in Cuba, 90 miles from
our shore, and if this is realized then ac-
tion necessarily follows. I add to my
remarks a very well-reasoned column by
Henry J. Taylor, which also reasons that
this buildup is obviously interference in
our hemisphere contrary to the Monroe
Doctrine :
CUBA EMBARRASSES J.F.K.
(By Henry J. Taylor)
The heroes' shells that richocheted across
Havana Harbor into the Soviet-infested Ro-
sita de Hornedo Hotel were the shots of
liberty. This is the agonized voice of the
oppressed about which we preach so much
to far-off places and do nothing about in
nearby Cuba.
Cuba embarrasses President Kennedy. He
systematically attempts to tuck Cuba under
the bed. This is human. But no greater
disservice could be done to the human spirit
there, to the integrity of the United States,
our hemisphere and the peace of the world.
On a public relations basis, one of the
administration's major objectives is to keep
this horror-stricken island out of the head-
lines. The mold was cast immediately after
the Bay of Pigs debacle. For this public
relations purpose, Mr. Kennedy advanced his
Vienna meeting with Khrushchev and sur-
prised President de Gaulle and Prime Min-
ister Macmillan by going abroad and entering
into full pageantry months before he orig-
inally intended to, or should have gone.
The diversion process continues. But it
still leaves our Cuba business unfinished.
How long can the United States pretend
nothing is happening in Cuba and turn in
its gaze the other way?
Mr. Kennedy warned Castro, "The United
States will not tolerate a Communist regime
90 miles from our shores." We not only
tolerate it; we actually help it. First, we
help it by not constantly condemning in
any effective way the barbarianism there.
Protocol wristslaps, yes. Wrath, no. If-
the steel companies could evoke such wrath
from Mr. Kennedy, why cannot Cuba?
Next, we help Cuba in the United Nations.
Assistant Secretary of State Harlan Cleveland
recently testified before a Senate subcommit-
tee that the State Department had diverted
other funds to pay delinquencies in the U.N.
for several Iron Curtain countries-including
Cuba. Moreover, through the abused ma-
chinery of the U.N.'s world health organiza-
A6569
tion in Geneva, we have paid Russia for
trucks and jeeps to send to Castro.
Lastly, we help Cuba mightily by having a
policy that is no policy at all. Admittedly,
enemy rocket sites are available there from
which to reach Miami, Cape Canaveral, and
even Washington (only 1,139 miles), New
York (1,317), Boston (1,601), Chicago
(1,333), Kansas City (1,497), Denver (1,819),
Los Angeles-San Diego (2,299), and easily as
fas as Seattle (2,843) on a pinpoint basis.
Why does the administration consistently
pooh-pooh and soften the indications these
rocket sites are being built? If you were
Khrushchev, wouldn't you build them? Dis-
liking the inevitable does not make it less in-
evitable.
We have a great U.S. naval base right on
the island. Scores of Russian transports,
loaded to the gunwales with "technicians"
and military equipment, steam past it every
week. In effect, Cuba has been invaded. If
Mr. Kennedy cannot conveniently see that
this is interference in our hemisphere by
c' Works Coordination and
Acceleration Act
SPEECH
or
HON. ROBERT R. BARRY
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, August 29, 1962
The House in Committee of the Whole
House on the State of the Union had under
consideration the bill (H.R. 10113) to estab-
lish an Office of Public Works Coordination
and Acceleration, to authorize the prepara-
tion of a plan for acceleration of public
works when necessary to avoid serious na-
tionwide unemployment levels, and for other
purposes.
Mr. BARRY. Mr. Chairman, because
this bill cannot achieve its alleged ob-
jective, although from the point of view
of the White House it is more politically
desirable than legislatively prudent, I
shall vote against it.
This bill purports to solve, or at least
to appreciably dent, the unemployment
problem. However, in testimony before
the Public Works Committee which un-
earthed the facts only about 125,000
people could be employed for 2 years if
the bill passed. This represents a scant
3 percent of the almost 4 million people
unemployed as of May.
Figures listed in the committee's report
further reveal that $2,688 million of un-
obligated funds have not been used by
the administration, so to add $900 mil-
lion more of unobligated funds would
be an extravagance, especially when we
are facing a $7 to $10 billion deficit for
fiscal 1962. For this to come at a time
when our national debt has exceeded the
$300 billion mark is wasteful pork-
barreling. Foolish spending must cease
and Congress should take the initiative.
The bill would create a czar of public
works in a new agency, who would have
the authority to subvert and distort de-
fined lines of programs, already in op-
eration, thus contributing more havoc to
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A6570 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD APPENDIX August 3l
an already confused administration. discrimination is invalid and not worth have benefited greatly from the work
This new agency could wield vast power
by controlling projects now under the
Area Redevelopment Agency, Corps of
Engineers, and Bureau of Reclamation
to name only a few. Of even greater
Importance, this czar would have the
power, now reserved to Congress, to re-
view item by item, specific appropria-
tions for public work projects. To abdi-
cate this authority to an all-powerful
executive would reduce Congress to, a
rubberstam p.
In the fnal. analysis, Mr. Chairman,
this bill provides a very powerful political'
weapon in the hands of the executive
-branch. Since past behavior is indica-
tive offuture action, it will almost cer-
tainly be used as the proverbial carrot
in attempts to swing reluctant Members
to the administration's point of view. In
the. past year we felt the pressures of
such lobbyiing, therefore, it would, in my
opinion, be most unwise to increase these
opportunities for the executive to carry
This is .poor legislation and . it should
be defeated.
Qualifications of Electors
SPEECH
OF
HON. W. J. BRYAIN DORN
OF SOUTH CAROLINA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, August 27, 1912
Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, the States
in substance existed before the Central
Government. Our Federal Government
is a creature of the States. The power,
insuring the effective operation of each
within its respective sphere, is vested in
the Constitution. In the Constitution,
Powers are delegated to each, in order
to maintain a division and proper bal-
ance, with the States enjoying as in-
herent those powers- not specifically de-
legated. The States, thus ultimately the
people, must be allowed to pre, erve their
constitutional rights and powers, both
granted and residual.
Since the States have been guaranteed
by the Constitution the privilege of de-
ciding upon the manner and method of
conducting their elections, there is no
need for this amendment. It would be
an imposition for the Federal Govern-
ment to presume to dictate to the States
how they must operate their elections.
This coercion of the States by its own
creation is a direct invap;ion of States
rights.
There is no justification for this
amendment as only five States now re-
tain the poll tax as a requiri3ment for
vote. My own State of South Carolina
long ago did away with the poll tax as
a prerequisite for voting. In the States
that do require poll tax, the token re-
mittance ranges from $1 to $2, the re-
ceipts in most cases being used for edu-
cation and other citizen benefits. Upon
the basis -of this evidence, a claim of
the use of poll tax as an implement of
consideration. The adoption of this
amendment would, in truth, be a mani-
festation of the power highly organized
and well-financed pressure groups can
bring to bear upon the people of the
United States. I believe each State
should be free to make this decision with
regard to the criteria for voting, being
governed by the -desires of its citizens.
The adoption of this amendment
would have far-reaching effects, setting
a dangerous precedent. It is a step to-
ward complete Federal control of elec-
tions on the i3tate and local levels. This
is just another among the long list of
incidents of the continuing centraliza-
tion of the Federal Government at the
expense of the State and local govern-
ments and ultimately the citizen.
This amendment would be another
weight upon one side of the already un-
equal balance which controls the con-
stitutional division of power. This easy
amendment of our Constitution would
lead to further encroachment of this one
division, the Federal Government, upon
the rights included in the realm of the
other, the State governments. The final
burden of these limitations will be borne
by the people.
The powerful pressure groups and
minorities forcing this unnecessary
amendment 'through the Congress will,
with its adoption, grow more bold, ar-
rogant, and demanding. They cannot
and will not cease their agitation until
they establish a dictatorship over the
majority or until representative govern-
ment is destroyed and elections become
a Federal fraud.
The States and the people at the local
level have been doing a magnificent job
in this field.-they need to be compli-
mented and encouraged. This amend-
ment is not needed. It is a reflection on
the fine job done by the States. It is
desperately sought by the pressure
groups so as to claim for themselves and
the Federal Government credit for some-
thing that has already been done by
the States and the people. This amend-
ment is a fraud and a waste of the time
of the Congress.
Experiment Station Research Facilities
SPEECH
OF
HON. ALEXANDER PIRNIE
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, August 30, 1962
Mr. PIRNI:E. Mr. Speaker, I wish to
record my support of H.R. 12712 au-
thorizing Federal matching funds for
agricultural experiment station research
facilities. Agricultural research has
been a significant factor in making
American agriculture the most efficient
and productive in the world. This legis-
lation will promote continued progress
by assuring sound financing of needed
physical facilities to house this activity.
Farmers, business, and consumers
conducted at land-grant colleges-such
as my own alma mater, Cornell Univer-
sity. The technical knowledge gained
has led to improved quality and new
uses for American food and fiber. New
markets for farmers and businessmen
and lower cost for consumers have re-
sulted. It is heartening to note the
widespread bipartisan interest and sup-
port of this worthy legislation.
Anniversary of Attack on Poland
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. F. BRADFORD MORSE
OF MASSACHUSETTS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, August 31, 1962
Mr. MORSE. Mr. Speaker, 23 years
ago, September 1, 1939, Hitler sent his
Nazi legions storming into Poland,
thereby precipitating the greatest holo-
caust In the history of mankind. Out-
numbered, lacking modern equipment,
stabbed in the back by Stalin, the Polish
people fought with their traditional
bravery until crushed by the weight of
superior forces. Who can forget the
siege of Warsaw, where the loudspeakers
blared defiance with Chopin's "Polo-
naise," while the Stuka dive bombers
were pounding whole sections to rubble.
Since that dimly remembered date, 23
years ago, the Polish people have enjoyed
only the briefest breath of freedom. Go-
ing back on their pledges at Yalta, the
Russians never permitted free elections
there, and by fraud, treachery, and in-
timidation the Communists gained con-
trol of the country. But they have never
been accepted by the people of Poland,
and it is safe to say that even today,
after 15 years of Communist rule, Polish
hearts are with the West.
Every correspondent who files a story
about Poland notes the thirst for things
Western, and Poland's conviction that
she is of the West. The true feelings
of the Polish people for America, regard-
less of what their Communist masters
tell them, has been abundantly demon-
strated over the years.
There is a tragic lesson for us in the
rape of Poland, for Nazi Germany could
have been stopped in her tracks in the
thirties, if the powers of Europe had
been firm with Hitler when he first vio-
lated the Treaty of Versailles. Instead,
the powers temporized. The result was
to encourage Hitler to continue to build
up his forces and defy the existing order
in Europe.
Need I point out the moral? Appease-
ment breeds war, it is as simple as that.
Yielding to the bullying and blustering
of Khrushchev today would be as fatal
for us as yielding to the ranting of Hitler
was for the European powers in another
generation. Let us never forget the les-
son of Poland, and let us continue to en-
courage ties of friendship and under-
standing with the courageous Polish peo-
ple. They will one day again breathe the
air of freedom.
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 that it will be introduced into interstate or
foreign commerce after the effective date of
,this legislation, or (2) in such business he
buys or receives any such device knowing
that it. has been transported in interstate or
foreign commerce after the effective date 'of
this legislation.
3. Under the House amendment, proposed
,section 3 of the act of January 2, 1951, would
have included a subsection (g) and a sub-
section (h). Subsection (g) provided for
the.. granting of Immunity to persons who
assert their constitutional privilege against
self-incrimination with regard to the main-
tenance of the records required by this legis-
lation or testifying with respect thereto be-
fore any grand jury or court of the United
Proposed subsection (h) would have re-
quired the Attorney General to make such
regulations as might in his judgment be
necessary to' carry out the provisions of the
act of January 2, 1951, as amended by this
legislation. And violation of such a regula-
tion would have been punishable by a fine
of not more than $5,000 or imprisonment for
not more than '2 years, or both.
Both subsection (g) and subsection (h)
are omitted from the bill as agreed 'to in
conference.
4. The House amendment added a new sec-
tion 9 to the act of January 2, 1951. This
section lists machines and devices which
would be specifically exempted from the
coverage of the act. Among the machines
and devices specifically exempted under the
language of the House amendment are so-
called claw, crane, or digger machines which
are not coin operated, are actuated by a
,crank, and designed and manufactured pri-
marily for use at carnivals or county or State
fairs. The only change made in this pro-
posed section 9 by the bill as agreed to in
conference would be to inclde within its
scope devices similar to such claw, crane, or
digger machines.
QREN HARRIS,
JOHN BELL WILLIAMS,
HARLEY O. STAGGERS,
SAMUEL N. FRIEDEL,
JOHN B. BENNETT,
W. L. SPRINGER,
J. ARTHUR YOUNGER,
Managers on t6e Part of the House.
THE EMERGENCY FINANCIAL AS-
SISTANCE TO THE UNITE) NA-
TIONS
(Mr. SISK asked and was given per-
mission to address the'House for 1 min-
Mr. SISK. Mr. Speaker, I make this
request in order to read a telegram from
London, England, dated August 25, 1962,
addressed to the Speaker of the House,
the Honorable JOHN W. MCCORMACK.
I would like it made known that'I agree
wholeheartedly that it is necessary to enact
the pending legislation to provide emergency
-financial assistance to the United Nations.
This is a.measure helping to hold open the
door of hope for all mankind in Its yearning
for. a, world of peace and justice among Na-
tions, Our country has played a leading role
in the development of this great forum and
we must not fail it now. I urge that all
thoughts of partisan or personal advantage,
and our understandable disappointments
that this institution like all hu,man enter-
prises has not met our every expectation, be
set aside and that our. Members of Congress
regardless of section or party responsibility
unhesitatingly stand up and be counted In
support of this legislation. I am sending
this, same message to CHARLIE HALLECK.
DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER.
No. 157-2
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~GRESSIO'NAL RECORD - HOUSE 17221
SIGNING OF tNROLLED BILLS AND
JOINT RESOLUTIONS
Mr. SISK. Mr. Speaker, I ask unani-
mous consent that notwithstanding the
adjournment of the House until Monday
next the Clerk be authorized to receive
messages from the Senate and that the
Speaker be authorized to sign any en-
rolled bills and joint resolutions duly
passed by the two Houses and found truly
enrolled.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from
California?
There was no objection.
LABOR DAY, 1962
(Mr. DERWINSKI (at the request of
Mr. HoEVEN) was given permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, on
Monday, September 3, we commemorate
Labor Day, when all Americans regard-
les of class, occupation, or status, pause
to honor our Nation's working men and
women whose skills have produced for us
a greater abundance and freedom than
any nation the world has ever known.
Naturally, the Nation and its people take
official note of labor's great contribution
to the building of America, yet in all
practicality, we must reemphasize that,
in effect, every day is Labor Day.
Too many Americans enjoy the long
Labor Day weekend, without being mind-
ful of its great significance; too many
Americans take Labor Day for granted,
without thinking about its significant
meaning.
In this present period of international
tensions, more than ever Labor Day is
significant of the greatness of the Amer-
ican way of life in contrast to the tyranny
of communism. In our country, labor is
respected, has its legitimate union move-
ment, is rewarded for its productivity,
and individuals are encouraged to im-
prove their skills and development. In
direct contrast, labor in Communist
countries is stifled, the union Is a tool of
the party, the workers are frustrated,
regimented and enslaved.
In closing, Mr. Speaker, I reemphasize
the tremendous international signifi-
cance of Labor Day, and want to join my
colleagues in paying appropriate tribute
to the working men and women of
America, the creators of cn much of our
What kind of an ally is it that will
take aid and help from us and then turn
right around and deliver strategic ma-
terials to Castro, our enemy? I would
like an explanation from the State De-
partment as to why we should continue
to support such "friends" if this is the
case.
If these allies persist in this venture
I see absolutely no reason why we should
continue to aid them. If we do, we are
indirectly aiding Castro and I am cer-
tain the American taxpayer is not inter-
ested in that.
Before the State Department doles out
any more relief to these nations they
should be made to stop this practice
forthwith. Likewise, they should assure
the United States they are not doing this
or will not.
I trust the State Department will
check into this matter immediately and
MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT OF
THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND TO
THE POLISH NATION
(Mr. DERWINSKI (at the request of
Mr. HOEVEN) was given permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and include extraneous matter.)
Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, to-
morrow, the first of September, is the
23d anniversary of the Nazi invasion of
Poland.
I have repeatedly called the attention
of the House to the fact that one of the
great tragedies of all history is that the
Poles and other peoples of Eastern Eu-
rope, who fought the Nazi invasion of
their countries did not regain their free-
dom after the war, but found themselves
under a different form of slavery-com-
munism. Certainly, history shows these
results to be caused by the tragic, blind
policies of our wartime President and
his State Department.
The Polish people maintain their tre-
mendous spirit of resistance against
their Communist oppressors, and are es-
pecially mindful of the continued leader-
ship being provided by the Polish Gov-
ernment in exile. I wish to place in the
RECORD the message of the President of
the Republic of Poland to the Polish
nation on the occasion of the anniver-
sary of the invasion of Poland, which
triggered World War II:
Nation's strength, freedom, and leader,..A MESSAGE of n. L'. pUGGS'C ena epni, rxraausarr
A OF THE REPUBLIC OF POLAND TO THE POLISH
SHIPPING STRATEGIC MATERIALS
TO CUBA
(Mr. HARSHA (at the request of Mr.
HoEVEN) was given permission to extend
his remarks at this point in the RECORD.)
Mr. HARSHA. Mr. Speaker, it has
been reported through various sources
that some of our great friends, such as
Great Britain, Norway, Greece, and
Italy, are shipping Russian oil, industrial
equipment, flour, paper, and fertilizer to
Cuba.
If this is true, then I think it is high
time our State Department reexamined
its policy of--giving aid and assistance to
such countries.
NATION
When on September 1, we recall the anx-
ious moments experienced by the Polish Na-
tion in the year 1939, we will, without doubt,
not only recall the German aggression
against our homeland, but also the events
which led to this tragedy for the entire
world.
These events were but a long chain of
appeasement in face of German aggressive-
ness. Without opposition, Germany went
from success to success.
The victors of the First Great War watched
helplessly the progress of the illegal Ger-
man rearmament followed by the annexa-
tion of Austria and Czechoslovakia.
Only when Russia signed the treaty of
alliance with Germany aimed at a new par-
tition of Poland, the West realized what
further appeasement might lead to. But it
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17222
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
was already too late to prevent a newMeu-
sands 9f Americans moY to the indus,
tonic advance without unleashing the most trial cities of the. country and no one is
devastating war humanity has lived through suggesting that they stop. What I am
so far. suggesting is that this blatant attempt
At first, this war was fought by the Polish
gation alone, with unprecedented liravery to use the poor and economically under-
and sacrifice, against the unifiei[ might of 'privileged as :instruments of racist propa-
Germany and Russia. gandaand agitation, be halted. We can-
Left without any assistance From their not but embarrass ourselves on the in-
allies, the Polish Government was forced to "ternationai scene if we stand idly by
leave Poland, entrusting the struggle on while our fellow Americans are used as
Polish territory to the resistance movement, pawns in a game which is beneath the
which simultaneously with the Polish forces dignity of our heritage.
reformed abroad continued the war against
our enemies.
This armed struggle lasted until the Ger-
man DAY, 1962
man attack changed Soviet Russia into an
ally of our allies. ' (Mr. McDOWELL (at the request of
In consequence our country became sub- Mr. SISK) was
merged by the Russian armies w zich trans- granted permission to
formed our independent state into'a satellite extend his remarks at this point in the
of Moscow. The armed resistap,:pe came to RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
an end. But the struggle for the creed of ter.)
our fathers, for the maintenance of our cul- Mr. McDOWELL. Mr. Speaker, Labor
ture, for the regaining of freedom goes on. Day is the one day of the year on which
This silent, stubborn and dedicated strug- we pay tribute to the cause of labor-
gle continues and, with the help of God, will to America's millions of working men and
continue until our victory, in the same way women who toil in the factories and on
as it went on during our previous captivity the farms, in the mines and in the mills,
which lastett over. a century. in the offices and ill the shops, and in -' -" the stores across the land.
H.R. 13042 It is not ,ilone for their role in our
(Mr. ML'LTER -(at the request of Mr. ' economic life that this tribute is well
Sisx) was granted permission to extend deserved, for what America is and what
his remarks at this point in the RECORD it has achieved is due in no small meas-
and to include extraneous matter.) ure to the efforts of its wage earners
Mr. MU:LTER. -Mr. Speaker, I have and their organizations. Not only our
today introduced a .bill-H.R. 13042-to standard of living, but our dedicationto
amend title 18, United States Code to freedom and justice, and to equality, and
make it unlawful to furnish transporta- our leadership in the free world-none
tlon to certain unemployed persons and of these would be, without their irrevo-
members Of their families in. order to cable commi'' ment to freedom the world
cause such. persons to move to another over.
Th
We 'have recently been treated to the
spectacle of a trafficking in human be-
ings which ill fits the image of America
e occasion of Labor Day, however,
should not be a day on which we only
pay tribute to past accomplishments.
Just as important, if not more so, Is that
as a land of equal opportunity and re- it should be the occasion to rededicate
spect for the individual. I refer to the ourselves to labor's cause-to the simple
sending of unemployed Negro i'amilies to aspiration of a betterlife for those who
distant cities by certain groups of people are less fortunate.
who, by this action, have shown their Indeed, it would be a far more joyous
contempt and disregard for individual occasion if, on this Labor Day in 1962,
human dignity. we could truly say that we have ade-
I have given considerable thought to quately provided for the aged, that we
this problem and I have decided that have met cur obligation to those of
the way to end this mockery isthepas- school age, or that we have truly bent
sage of legislation which would make it every effort to provide jobs for the mil-
unlawful to furnish transportation of lions of jobless.' It is to these tasks-
the kind offered by some of our fellow the unfinished business of America-
citizens without certain safeguards, that we should rededicate ourselves on
These safeguards are: a binding written this day, fo:r in the final analysis the
contract for employment at the place'of greatness of our country, and its
destination to commence on arrival and strength, will be measured by-the well-
to continue for 6 months, or the sum of being-not of those who have too much-
$1,800 and funds sufficient for return to but of those' who have not enough.
the original place of residence, Anone I salute Delaware's working men and
violating these, stipulations --would- be women this day and. join with them and
subject to a fine of not more than $5,000 their unions in their struggle to elimi-
or imprisonment for not more than 2 nate deprivation and poverty, and to
years, or both. make secure everywhere freedom, justice
My bill specifies, of course, that these and equality.
terms do not apply to members of a per-
son
ediate family or other ,de- THE QUALITY STABILIZATION BILL
n d
t
s
pe
en
I would like to add, Mr. Speaker, that
this bill can in no way be co.;istrued as
an effort to stop the voluntary move-
ment of our citizens from State to State
or from city to city in the search for
'eeonordicopportunity. This M the right
of every American regardless of his race,
color, or creed. Each year many thou-
(Mr. BRIEDING` (at the request of
Mr. Sisx) was granted permission to
extend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. BREEDING. Mr. Speaker, I have
today introduced a bill known as. the
quality stabilization bill similar to or
August 31
identical with quality stabilization bills
introduced by a number of my col-
leagues.
The principles and philosophy which
underlie my sponsorship of the quality
stabilization bill commend, it seems to
me, its passage by the House of Repre-
sentatives and its subsequent enactment
into law.
In the first place, the quality stabiliza-
tion measure revolves around a piece of
property-industrial property, in this
case. The industrial property is a brand
name, or trademark-and it is property
in the same sense as a patent or a copy-
right is industrial property. As with
all property, the owner has the right to
protect it from damage, impairment, or
misappropriation.
The bill would give brand owners the
right to protect their respective brands
against damage from certain acts, such
as: first, a reseller using goods identified
by brand names in the furtherance of
bait merchandising practices; second, a
reseller selling the goods, with knowl-
edge of the brand owner's currently es-
tablished resale prices, at prices other
than those currently established by the
brand owner; and, third, a reseller, with
intent to deceive consumers, publishing
misrepresentation concerning the
branded goods.
The bill recognizes that these trade
practices can hurt brand names and
trademarks. Furthermore, it recognizes
that the brand remains the owner's-the
manufacturer's property-even title to
the tangiblesgoods it identifies has passed
to wholesaler or retailer. Accordingly,
the brand owner should have the right to
protect his property.
The second principle involved in the
quality stabilization bill is equality of
opportunity. The brand owner who also
owns the means for distributing his
brand lawfully determines what uniform
price should be charged for that brand.
Such a brand owner can be a chain-
store; in this case, -every outlet of the
chain willcharge the same price for the
same branded article at the same time.
Or it can be a manufacturer who sells
house to house; in this case, every can-
vasser must charge the same uniform
price that the manufacturer establishes.
The quality stabilization bill takes the
private privilege of certain brand owners
to establish standard uniform prices for
their respective brands; and it makes the
right more public. In short, it confers
this right on all brand owners, whether
or not they own or control the means for
distributing their respective brands.
Still another principle lies in the
axiom that to have competition there
must be competitors. The quality stabi-
lization bill will give 1 to 2 million small
independent retailers the opportunity to
compete more effectively against giant
retail aggregations and, therefore, to live
as_ competitors. The continued bank-
ruptcies of independent retailers in large
measure results from their lack of dol-
lars which would enable them to com-
pete on more nearly equal terms with the
giants-no matter what their trade
practices.
An additional principle is the recogni-
tion that consumers are protected best
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