SURVEY OF THE SOVIET PRESS (104)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80R01731R000100150051-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 46
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 5, 2002
• Sequence Number: 51
• Publication Date: May 11, 1959
• Content Type: STUDY

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SURVEY OF THE
SOVIET PRESS
(104)
Summary No 2177 11 May 1959
THIS REPORT IS DISSEMINATED FOR THE INFORMATION
OF THE UNITED STATES INTELLIGENCE BOARD ONLY.
IF FURTHER DISSEMINATION IS NECESSARY, THIS
COVER SHEET MUST BE REMOVED AND CIA MUST NOT BE
IDENTIFIED AS THE SOURCE.
Foreign Documents Division
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
2430 E. St., N. W., Washington 25, D.C.
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SURVEY OF THE SOVIET PRESS (104)
This publication provides a 'weekly-'survey of, information
on political and social developments in the USSR, published
in the Soviet- central,republic-,'and specialized press. This
issue contains'information published'through 18 April 1959,
Unless otherwise indicated; to is appearing in-this-'publica-
tion are condensed translations' designed-to-indicate only
the substance and scope of the items selected.
Table of Contents
Page
1
Selections From the Press
4
A.
Party Affairs
4
B.
Trade Union Affairs
12
C.
Administration of the Economy
12
D.
Agriculture
15
E.
Cultural Developments
21
F.
Ideological Questions
24
G.
Historiography
26
H.
Education
27
1.
Criminal and Antisocial Practices
27,
J.
Religion
28
Special Features
29
Chapter 11 of New Party History
29
Table of Contents of Khrushchev's Book on Foreign
Affairs
34
Notes on Local Party Activities
40
NOTE. The headline of Item B-1 in the preceding Survey
(Summary No 2171) should read: "Vezirov of Azer-
baydzhan Elected Secretary of Komsomol Central
Committee."
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SOURCES
The information contained in this summary is taken from the follow-
ing sources:
Bakinskiy Rabochiy
Izvestiya
Kazakhstanskaya Pravda
Kommunist
Komsomol'skaya Pravda
Leningradskaya Pravda
Narodna Kultura
Pravda
Pra4da Ukrainy
Pravda Vostoka
Sovetskaya Belorussiya
Sovetskaya Estoniya
Sovetskaya Latviya
Sovetskaya Litva
Sovetskaya Rossiya
Turkmenskaya Iskra
Vneocherednoy XXI S`?yezd Kommunist-
icheskoy Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza:
Stenograficheskiy Otchet, 1959, Vol 2
Voprosy Ekonomiki
Place of Publication
Baku
Moscow
Alma -Ata
Yerevan
Moscow
Leningrad
Sofia
Moscow
Kiev
Tashkent
Minsk
Tallin
Riga
Vil'nyus
Moscow
Ashkhabad
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TRENDS AND COMMENT
Press Emphasis. The period 12-18 April opened with publication of
the annual'May Day slogans. Other domestic topics were spring agricul-
tural work, the new school law ratified by the Supreme Soviet RSFSR, the
announced plan=fulfillment figures for the first quarter of 1959, and a
new'decree aimed at invigorating the sale and distribution of books. " Al-
though Khrushchev's birthday was 17 April, the expected congratulatory
messages did not appear in the Soviet press until after 18 April'.
Foreign affairs reporting included the meeting of the National As-
sembly in Peiping, more Chinese releases on the Tibet situation, the
visit of North Korean Premier Ch'oe Yong-gon,.exploitation of the con-
ference on unemployment held in Washington on 8 April, steady propaganda
on the Berlin situation (highlighted by the Soviet protests of US flights
to Berlin at "illegally" high altitudes), and reports on Kurdish repatri-
ates moving to Iraq.
Important Books Published. Publication of the stenographic record
of the 21st Congress was announced in Pravda on 12 April. The record is
published in two volumes, the first signed to the press on 27 March and
the second, on 1 April. Certain features of the stenographic record are
noted below. On Khrushchev's birthday, 17 April, publication of a col-
lection of his speeches was announced, all dealing with questions of
foreign policy and the international situation. This book was signed to
the press on 6 April. Most of the material in, it, evidently, has been
published previously in the Soviet press, some of it in the English-
language edition of International Affairs. The table of contents of this
book is translated in a Special Feature of this Survey.
Saburov's Speech at the 21st Congress. With the publication of the
stenographic record of the congress, Saburov's "statement" became avail-
able for the first time. A full translation of his speech appears in Item
A-1. with additional material on Pravda's.earlier attempts to conceal the
fact that the speech has been made.
Chapter 11 of New Party History Text. The chapter is analyzed and
compared with the correspondinchapter of the old text in a Special
Feature of this Survey.
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Chronology, 12=18 April 1959
[Note: The following is a selected review of domestic and inter m
national affairs as reported by Soviet newspapers in the. period covered-
by this Survey and is intended as background for material in these pages.
Dates refer to the appearance of press items, all of which are from Pravda
unless otherwise indicated.]
12 April
May Day slogans published
Release of stenographic record of 21st Congress announced
Tass denies Arab press' allegations on movement of Soviet Kurds
Hungarian delegation stops in Moscow on way to Far East
13 April
Session of Supreme Soviet RSFSR opens
Foreign Ministry statement on three-power nuclear test ban talks
14 April
Results of USSR plan fulfillment for first quarter 1959
Albanian state delegation leaves Moscow for China
All Union Congress of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
Article attacks new book on poet Mayakovskiy (Izvesti )
Article on needed legislation for kolkhozes (Izvestiya
15 April
All Union Conference of Cultural Universities ends
Abridged texts of supreme soviet reports on education
Two pages on unemployment conference in Washington
African Freedom Day observed (Izvesti;Lal
Soviet clerics go to Prague for Christian Conference in Defense of
Peace (Izvestiya)
16 April
Sudan and USSR exchange letters on technical aid
Reprint of Chinese release on speeches by Chou and Panchen Lama
Council of Ministers decree on sale and distribution of books
New type of particle accelerator developed at Dubna
Ukrainian Supreme Soviet session; opens
Constituent conference of RSFSR sport societies union ends
Dulles resignation and Herter appointment announced (Izvestiya)
Text of RSFSR school law published (Izvestiya)
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17 April
Mkushchev's 65th birthday not mentioned-
Khrushchev'-s 1958 foreign policy statements issued as book
Ch'oe !ong-gon'of Korea meets Ktiziov`and Mukhitdinov in Kremlin
Furtseva receives Czech'party 'group ih?ch`toured USSR
Soviet-Iraqi agreement on technical and economic aid
18 April
Presidium of Supreme Soviet USSR gives reception for Ch'oe Yong-gon
Formation of USSR Iceland society
Exhibition of Icelandic Art opens in Moscow
All-Union Confereznce-1on-Transport Construction opens
Coming visit of US Vice-President Nixon'announced
Acclaim of Bol'shoy Ballet in New York reported
Ukrainian Supreme Soviet session ends
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SELECTIONS FROM THE PRESS
A. Party Affairs
1. Saburov's "Statement" at 'the 21st Congress
Kuusinen: The floor is given to Comrade Saburov for a statement
(zayavleniye).
M. Z. Saburov: Comrades' The report of Comrade N. S. Khrushchev
"On the Control Figures for the Development of the Economy of the USSR
for 1959-1965". which I approve fully and completely, contains the great
results of the struggle of the Communist Party and the Soviet people for
the building of a socialist 6ociety in our country under the banner of -
the great Lenin. This report also represents the grand plan of the con-
struction of Communist society and shows us the way for effecting that
plan, a plan which serves as.a model for putting the ideas of Lenin into
practice. This plan is the fruit of the collective work of the Central
Committee CPSU and the whole party and is approved by the Soviet people.
No doubt, comrades, the time is not far-off when our country will
become the first in the world, not only in its absolute level of produc-
tion,, but also in its per capita production of the more important types
of products. This-will assure our people of the highest standard of
living and will signify that the USSR will emerge victorious in its peace-
ful competition with capitalism. In this way, the historic, task set by
the great Lenin, to"match and overtake economically the more developed
capitalist countries will be accomplished.
The plan for the building of Communist society in our country, set
forth for-the 21st Congress by N. S. Khrushchev, is the pride and triumph
of the collective thinking of the party and the Soviet people and.of the
idec.s of Marxism-Leninism; it is, at the same time, evidence of the bank-
ruptcy of the antiparty group of Malenkov, Kaganovich, Molotov, Bulganin,
and Shepilov, a group which attempted to revise the historical decisions
of the 20th CPSU Congress. This group, which was divorced from life and
had nothing positive to offer, came out against the most important under
takings of our party.
It is known, comrades, that I made a mistake and showed political
instability in the struggle of the Central Committee CPSU against the
antiparty group in dune 1957. Therefore, I consider it my duty to answer
to the 21st Congress for that mistake.
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when the party was fighting against the antiparty group?
Of-what did my-mistake consist and what role did I play in the period
I had long known, as had all the members of the Presidium of the Cen-
tral Committee CPSU, that a group of-the members of the Presidium of the
Central Committee'-- Malenkov,.%Molotov, Kaganovich, and'later'Bulganin-...
and Shepilov-=_ within the Presidium_of the Central Committee'in all-the--
basic questions of domestic an foreign policy,jtook its own special_posi-
tion and, under various pretexts,;strove to hinder the adoptioriof-deci-
lions on these very'important questions. At'almost every sitting'of'the '
Presidium of the Central Committee`CPSU, this'gioup'spoke out with-its own
opinions, remarks, and "corrections." In this 'matter, the Presidium_of
the Central Committee was, for a long time`; very patient with the-group
and often postponed final decisions on the"questions being discussed.'
Among these most important questions on which the antiparty group
conducted a struggle within the Presidium of the Central Committee were
these: the question ofmastering the virgin land; the question of the
new planning procedure in agriculture; the question of the slogan on
catching up with the US-in production of milk, butter, and meat per capita;
the question of raising prices on certain agricultural products given to
the state; the question of abolishing arrears for economically weak kol-
khozes; the question of freeing individual farms from the obligation of
delivering milk; and a number of other questions raised in the Presidium
of the Central Committee concerningdagriculture, especially those raised
by Comrade Khrushchev.
The members of the antiparty group also spoke out against, broadening
the rights of the union republics, against reorganizing the administration
of industry and construction, against reorganizing the work of Gosplan,
against abolishing the loans, etc. I could list a number of other ques-
tions against the decision of which this antiparty group consistently spoke
out within the Presidium of the Central Committee.
This group also spoke against, or tried by every means to delay the
taking of decisions on,'very important questions of foreign policy. The
group particularly spoke against the policy of the Central Committee CPSU
in-such important questions as the necessity to develop our economic ties
with countries of the people's democracies and to give them aid, to 'say'
nothing of our aid to underdeveloped and dependent countries of Asia and
the Near East. The members-of the group behaved like people blinded by
narrow, national limitations; they showed`a lack of understanding of the
policy of the party on very important questions.
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Comrades! In all these and other important questions of the policy
of the Communist Party, I never shared the views of~these antiparty-ele-
ments who were divorced from life. On the contrary, during the entire
time,of my membership in the Presidium of the Central Committee of the
CPSU, I firmly and consistently supported the line advanced by the healthy
part of the Presidium, headed by Comrade Khrushchev._
In discussing the mastery of the virgin lands, the new forms of plan-
,ning in agriculture, the reorganization of the administration of industry--
and construction, or the broadening of the rights of the union republics in all these and in other questionsrcf the internal and foreign policy of
the party.. I unwaveringly took correct positions and unconditionally sup-
ported the healthy core of the Presidium of the Central Committee which
was headed by N. S. Khrushchev,-who most actively and consistently im-
plemented all these questions from Leninist positions.
My error, comrades, consisted in that, before the June Plenum of the
Central Committee CPSU, at a meeting of the Presidium of the Central Com-
mittee, I criticized shortcomings in the'work of the Presidium, not from
the position of the healthy section of the Presidium of the Central,Com-
mittee CPSU, but from the position of the antiparty group which, using
petty and easily-corrected shortcomings as a screen, attacked Comrade
hev, striving for (dobivayas ') a change in the leadership of the
Central Committee and, it follows, a change in the policy of the Central
Committee, which occupied Leninist positions and positions indicated by
the decisions of the 20th Party Congress.
But at a meeting of the Presidium of the Central Committee CPSU,
before the June Plenum, I held quite a different position; having pro-
tested against the dirty attempts of Kaganovich and other members of the
antiparty group to sully the name of N. S. Khrushchev, I declared that
the line of the Presidium of the Central Committee was correct, that col-
lective leadership was being effected in the Presidium of the Central Com-
mittee, that it was necessary to "bury the hatchet" and abandon the policy
of revenge, and that it was necessary to end the whole business by con-
sidering and eliminating the unprincipled shortcomings that were noted.
Of course, comrades, my mistake was that, while taking a correct
position in the Central Committee on very important questions, I could
have gone into the Central Committee and pointed out the existing insigni-
ficant shortcomings, as N. S. Khrushchev quite correctly told me, but
which I did not do at that time.
While maintaining correct positions on basic questions of Party policy,
after having discerned the true aim of the antiparty group, which amounted
to changing the leadership of the Central Committee and changing the Len-
inist policy which was being conducted by the Presidium of the Central
-6 -
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Committee and personally-by N.. S Khrubhchev,. I, with the aid-oP`several
comrades from the healthy _section' of''the' Presidium oP 'the Central Com-
mittee (Comrades Mikoyan and KiricYienko), quickly broke with the atiti-
party group and,_ at the Plenum of the Central Committee inJune_I957,
justly told all that'I- knew about the gioup'ts~intentions; in doing so, F,
helped-the Plenum and the whole Party to expose the plans and the inten-
tions of that group.
The June Plenum of the Central Committee CPSU noted the political
instability which I showed at that moment and, taking into consideration
the fact that I had helped the Plenum in exposing the antiparty group,
removed me from membership in the Presidium of the Central Committee but
let me remain a member of the Central Committee. Later,,by decision of
the Central Committee of the Party, I was sent to work as director of a
plant in the city of Syzran'. I acknowledged this decision to be correct
and, in working at the plant, I am devoting all my powers. to. correcting
my mistake and justifying the trust of the Central Committee of the party
and my people.
Comrades! The great program-of building Communism in our country,
the program set'forth in the report of Comrade Khrushchev, is"a program
for effecting the Lenin plan in modern conditions. This program is`
calculated to raise the standard of living of our people and the might oP
our state, and it will undoubtedly be completed before the'allotted timer
In putting this plan into effect, the Communist Party and the entire Sov-
iet people, rallying closer around the great banner of Lenin, are advanc-
ing with firm step on the road to Communism, sweeping everything decrepit
out of its path, including the schismatic antiparty group.
Comrades! An honest acknowledgement of my mistake gives me hope
that the delegates of the--21st Congress will find it possible to forgive
me my past and thus open for me the prospect of active participation in
the building of Communist society under the leadership of our party and
under the banner of the great Lenin. (Vneocherednoy XXI S'yeza Kommun-
isticheskoy Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza: Stenograficheskiy Otchet, 1959,
Vol 2y pp 289-292)
[Comment: The publication of Saburov's statement again calls at-
tention to Pravda's treatment of it during the 21st Congress. Although
Tass is known to have broadcast a short summary of Saburov's statement,
the Soviet press gave no indication that Saburov had spoken at all; not
only was his speech not among the texts of the other speeches of that day
or any day, but the running account of the day's proceedings (Pravda,
5 Feb 59) did not even mention his name, giving the impression that
Nicolas Shawl of Lebanon had spoken immediately after I. K. Zhegalin, when,
in fact, Saburov had taken the floor and delivered his statement after
Zhegalin.
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Pravda's version of other speeches probably'had"to be'doctored to
elimina a references to Saburov's statement."'This is definitely true
of G. A. Denisov's speech,` delivered at the evening session of 4 February,
the same day Saburov'spoke. The followi,ng'is a passage, from Denis-Qv-'s
speech. The first part includes references to Shepilov,'on which further
comment will be made below. The second part illustrates the editing which
Denisov?s speech has undergone. The underlined phrases were omitted from
the Pravda version and the changes from plural to singular are indicated
by parentheses.]
G. A. Denisov's Remarks on Shepilov,. Pervukhin, and Saburov
...The more distant the memorable days of the June 1957 plenum
become, the more fully disclosed is the picture before us of the abominable
and base activities of the group of conspirators and factionalists, Malen-
kov, Kaganovich, Molotov, Bulganin,~and Shepilov.... The conspirators
were unmasked by the June plenum of the Central Committee and thrown
aside.... But it is impossible to say that the schismatics and factional-
ists of the antiparty group have now drawn the correct conclusions from
the decisions of the Central Committee. For instance, Shepilov continues
to slander Soviet reality and the Soviet intelligentsia; he declares that'
instability is inherent in the intelligentsia, and even he, if you-please,
""as a Russian intellectual' is also not saved from this instability. Such
statements are alien to our party; such accusations are alien to our Soviet
intelligentsia'. There is no doubt that the present congress will approve
the conclusions of the Central Committee on the antiparty group of Malen-
kov, Kaganovich, Molotov, Bulganin, and Shepilov.
Comrades it is impossible to ignore in silence the speech at
this congress of 6omrade(s) Pervukhin and Saburov. Comrade Pervukhin stated.
and Corirade Saburdv said the same t n~ g ut himself -- that the (he).
help n ra Committee T To unmet e an party group; they ( e
represented themselves (himself) to the congress as heroes (a hero . Is
this so, Comrade(s) Pervukhin and Saburov? We members of the Central Com-
mittee all remember how the matter was, and we remember your conduct.
Was it not you who spoke against the reorganization of leadership of in-
dustry and construction? Was it not,you who disagreed with the proposals
of Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev on the most important questions of inter-
national policy? Was it not you who deserted to the camp of the conspir-
ators? And how can you say after this that you helped to unmask, the
antiparty group of conspirators? You spoke to the congress insincerely.
You then, Comrades Pervukhin and Saburov, were forced to tell the June
plenum of the Central Committee of the activities of the antiparty group
only after the members and candidate members of the Central Committee un-
animously condemned the antiparty group. You began In speak only then, and
not immediately even then. So this is not aid to the Central Committee
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in unmasking the antiparty group; it is your confession. I subscribe to
the speeches directed at you'by' the delegates to the congress, Comrade
Spiridonov- and- 0omrade Iuz_'min. You.are conducting yourselves (yourself
incorrectly, and you continue to speak to our party insincerely.... (Vne-
ocherednoy XXI S'yezd Kommunisticheskoy Partii Sovetskogo Soyuza: Steno-
graficheskiy Otchet, 1959, Vol 2, PP 314-315)
[Comment: Saburov was the only speaker at the congress to make a
"statement" instead of a "speech." Pravda evidently printed only the
"speeches." This does not explain, however, why it was necessary to alter
another speech, Denisov's, to conceal the fact that Saburov had spoken.
was listed as a delegate to
(Neither Pervukhin nor Saburov, incidentally
the congress.)
Soviet radio reports of meetings among Soviet troops in East ;Germany,
held to discuss the congress, produced some interesting statements on
Pravda's treatment of congress speeches and on Shepilov's remarks on the
Soviet intelligentsia, statements which did not appear in the Soviet press.
Yegor Mikhaylovich Nazarrov, a delegate but not a speaker at the con-
gress, is reported to have specifically assured his listeners that the
congress had concealed nothing from the party rank-and-file, that there
had been no "closed" sittings at the congress, and that Pravda had pub-
lished all but three of the congress speeches in full, the exceptions, he
said,;having been slightly edited to safeguard state secrets.
An earlier broadcast, of a'meeting of party activists from Soviet
military units in East Germany, contained' speeches by Gen Arm Matvey Vas-
il'yevich Zakharov and Lt Gen Semen Petrovich Vasyagin, both delegates
to the congress. Vasyagin?'s remarks about Shepilov were very similar to
those made by Denisov, above, but Vasyagin mentioned that Shepilov's as-
sertions about himself and the Soviet intelligentsia were contained in a-
statement to the Central Committee made on the eve of the congress. Vas-
yagin also mentioned that both Pervukhin and Saburov had spoken at the
congress. A Soviet press account of this meeting (Krasnaya,Zvezda,
19 February 1959) omitted the above remarks by Vasyagin; the newspaper
quoted Vasyagin's general remarks about the congress, his approving com-
ment about the congress speakers' condemnation of the antiparty group,
and no more. Thus Soviet listeners who heard this broadcast could have
acquired -- if they were interested -- information which had been ef-
fectively suppressed in the press. An account of both these broadcasts,
with quotations from the speeches by Vasyagin,,Zakharov, and Nazarov, ap-
peared in the 29 March issue of Posev, a weekly newspaper published by
Russian emigres in Frankfurt, West Germany.]
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2. Bulgarian Newspaper Says CPSU Presidium Meets Every Week
[Note: The following is an excerpt from'a Sofia newspaper article
on the occasion of Khrushchev's 65th birthday.
os.Plenums of the Central Committee CPSU are' convened quite regularly
to discuss and resolve important. questions of.state and party policy,.and
the Presidium of the Central Committee CPSU meets every week.... (Narodna
Kultura, 18 Apr 59)
3. More Local Party Workers Must Have Practical Skills
...Socialist competition is'the creativity.of the masses, a form for
the display of labor initiatives,' Innovations,' and inventions. That is
why it cannot be recognized as correct that members of brigades at indi-
vidual enterprises who wish to enter competition for the title :of Col
lective of Communist Labor must give written statementsto the factory
trade-union committee and Komsomol committee, and that in certain plants
the composition of such brigades was even confirmed in party committees
at one time..'
It is also impossible to recognize as correct the practice, condemned
long ago but rising anew here and there, of creating so-called model=
indicator shops and sections. As experience showed, this does not lead
to the desired results of pulling up laggards but only fosters the'appear-
ance of several leading shops for the creation of which all 'efforts-'of -
party and economic agencies are spent at the cost of weakening their at-
tention to the enterprise as a whole....
Party organizations must concern themselves in all ways for raising
the work skills of cadres, their mastery of economics of industrial and
agricultural production, the growth of their Marxist-Leninist consciousness,
and their ideological tempering. The importance of the task of systematic
study by secretaries of primary party organizations is shown by the fol-
lowing data.
Of all secretaries of party organizations of enterprises of industry,
construction sites transport, and communications, only 42 percent are
workers (rabochiye) and engineers and technical workers (rabotniki) by
occupation; the remaining 58 percent. of the secretaries are employees,
occupied, as a rule, in secondary sections of work and not knowing the
real character and peculiarities of industrial production. In. the primary
party organizations of sovkhozes, 76.5 percent of. the secretaries are
employees by occupation, and the figure is 39 percent for kolkhozes.
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Thttoi~ fs lwe h.i hy,in addition-to the necessity-for teaching secretaries the
ha the _'masses,_it is necessary to organize as well`as pos
Bible ? organizational and political'_work;, it_ is "extremely important con-
stantly to increase and improve their knowledge of the 'specific economics
of industry and agriculture,'for_without this the'correct implementation
of party leadership of the economy is impossible...o
However, the facts show that.there is an insufficient degree of
organization and system in study by leading party workers (rabotniki),
especially of the rayon and lower levels. For instances a differentiated
approach is often lacking toward organization' of ' instruction for experienced
secretaries of primary party organizations and those recently promoted-to
leadership, for those with special education `.and 'those without. -The ex-
change of experience in party=political work is poorly organized in courses
and seminars; the correspondence form of education is insufficiently used,
etc. Elimination of these shortcomings will permit-significant improve-
ment of training of party workers (employees).... a. V. Gorin (Pravda,
17 Apr 59) " 1..~....
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B. Trade Union Affairs
1. Officials Elected for RSFSR Sports Union
The Constituent Conference of the Union of Sport Societies and Organ-
zations RSFSR was held for 2 days in Moscow. It has now ended. Chairman
K. Krupin of the Organizational Bureau of the union spoke at the conference
on the state of physical cultural work and the tasks of the RSFSR union....
The conference elected the council of the RSFSR union. K. Krupin was
elected chairman of the presidium of the council. Delegates were also
elected to the All-Union Constituent Conference of the Union of Sport
Societies and Organizations which opens in Moscow on 17 April 1959. (Pravda,
16 Apr 59)
2. USSR Sports Union Begins Constituent Conference
The All Union Constitutent Conference of the Union of Sport Societies
and Organizations USSR began its work on 17 April 1959 in Moscow.... P. N.
Pospelov read the greetings of the Central Committee CPSU to the conference....
Chairman N. N. Romanov of the Organizational Bureau read a report on the
tasks of the union.... The conference is continuing its work. (Pravda,
18 Apr 59)
C. Administration of the Economy
1. RSFSR Supreme Soviet Effects Changes in State Posts
[Summary and comment: The chief events of interest at the first session
of the Supreme Soviet RSFSR were two personnel changes and adoption of a
school law. N. G. Ignatov was elected chairman of the Presidium of the
Supreme Soviet RSFSR. Stepan Viasovich Kal'chenko was named Minister of
Agriculture RSFSR, replacing I. A. Benediktov, who has been appointed
ambassador to India. The former ambassador, P. K. Ponomarenko, is reputedly
in ill health.] (Sovetskaya Rossiya, 15-17 Apr 59)
2. Growth of''tzbek Science Centers Described
...The last 3 years has been a period of organizational strengthening
for the Academy of Sciences Uzbek SSR, major broadening of the system of
scientific establishments and a certain improvement of their work....
The Institute of Nuclear Physics is in the process of construction. This
is a great scientific city located near Tashkent. The first reactor in
the East will be started in Uzbekistan in 1959. Construction has begun of
buildings for three chemistry institutes, a calculating center, and a press
and a botanical garden is being completed.
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We were assigned 20 million rubles for equipment in 1959, compared with
3 million rubles in 1956, and about 60 million rubles for construction, as
opposed to 1.5 million rubles in 1956. The great help which the USSR govern-
ment is giving us is apparent from this.
The number of science workers of the academy is growing rapidly.
While 1,800 persons worked in our academy in 1956, the number now is 4,500.
However, the growth of highly trained specialists is still insufficient.
During this time, the number of doctors of science here has increased from
60 only to 87.
Practice has shown that it is impossible to depend entirely on receiv-
ing personnel from outside, that it is necessary primarily to train science
cadres from the indigenous population. We are doing great work in training
graduate students as candidates of science. More than 40 persons were
accepted as graduate students (aspirantura) in 1956, but since 1958, we
have begun to accept 150-200 persons. A large number of them are sent
to central scientific-research establishments of Moscow, Leningrad, Kiev,
Kharkov, and other cities. It seems to us that it is necessary to restore
doctoral candidates (doktorantura) for training science cadres of national
republics....
To fulfill the huge tasks which the 21st Party Congress assigned
scholars and all workers of the republic, it is necessary not only to
strengthen existing institutes, broaden their work:,.and provide trained
personnel, but also to create several new science establishments. We are
planning to organize a Mining and Metallurgical Institute, an Institute of
Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology, an Institute of Microbiology, and an
Institute of Geophysics. It is proposed to create an Institute of Uzbek
Literature and an Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography for the social
sciences.
The need has risen to organize in Kara-Kalpakiya an affiliate of our
academy with an Institute of Language and Literature, and Institute of the
History of the Karakalpak People, and several independent scientific
departments -- economics., biology, the chemistry of construction materials,
and fishing problems. A botanical garden will also be created here....
-- Kh. M. Abdullayev, president of the Academy of Sciences Uzbek SSR
(Pravda, 12 Apr 59)
3. Ukrainian Gosplan Head Urges More Local Planning and Designing Bureaus
..More than 200 scientific-research and planning institutes and special
designing bureaus are now functioning in the Ukraine.... The successful
activity of research and planning-designing organizations depends on their
close and constant ties with production. One of the best forms of this work,
one universally tested by experience., is the creation of planning-designing
of planning-technological bureaus, departments, and laboratories directly
at the largest leading enterprises. As a rule, these organizations supply
the most effective decisions....
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The transfer of research and planning institutes to the jurisdiction
of sovnarkhozes is of great significance. The new forms of administration
of industry and construction have created more favorable conditions for
providing an experimental production base for research organizations. How-
ever, this questim still remains unsolved in several places. An urgent
task faces the sovnarkhozes -- to seek out capabilit!es for the most
rapid organization of this base with minimum capital expenditures.
The question of coordination of the activities- of research and
planning organizations also needs solution. We consider that it is
expedient to implement this coordination through head (golovnyye) institutes
which must be assigned for each branch of the economy....
Tasks for introduction of new equipment insistently demand the universal
improvement and development of work, headed by the State Scientific Technical
Committee USSR, for technical information, publication of references,
catalogues, and other literature illuminating the leading experience of
domestic and foreign science and technology.... -- I. Senin, chairman of
Gosplan Ukrainian SSR (Izvestiya, 17 Apr 59)
4. Lithuanian Sovnarkhoz Official Removed
By a ukase of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet Lithuanian SSR,
Comrade L. I. Matskevichyus was released from his duties as deputy chairman
of the sovnarkhoz and Minister of the Lithuanian SSR in connection with a
reduction of staff. (Sovetskaya Litva, 5 Apr 59)
[Note- A+ktskevichyus held the rank of minister but did not actually
head a ministry.]
5. Soviet Control Commission Imposes Fines on Officials
The Soviet Control Commission of the Council of Ministers Azer-
baydzhan SSR, having examined material of an auditing of the Azizbekovskiy
Rayon Consumer Cooperative and the sanitation and hospital association of
Kubatlinskiy Rayon, found irregular conduct on the part of officials. Thus,
Comrade M. Shikhiyev, chairman of the board of the Azizbekovskiy Rayon Con-
sumer Cooperative, and Comrade G. Aliyev, chief bookkeeper, maintained
workers above the staff limit, sent their own representatives to other cities
as "tolkachi" for shipping materials, and illegally spent funds on a feast
for participants of a meeting.
Comrade B. Aslanov, chief physician of Kubatlinskiy Rayon Sanitation
and Hospital Association, and Comrade I. Ibragimov, senior bookkeeper of
the same association, improperly remunerated medical workers and allowed
excesses in expenditure of funds on business trips....
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The Soviet Control Commission punished the guilty persons, fining
comrades M. Shikhiyev and G. Aliyev 2 months' salary and comrades B.
Aslanov and I.Ibragimov one month's salary. (Bakinskiy Rabochiy, 1 Apr 59)
D. Agriculture
1. Groundwork for Rural Reconstruction Program Outlined
The architects of our country have many concerns during the current
Seven-Year Plan period. But, nevertheless, if one analyzes well, their
chief responsibility in future years will be not for city houses, squares,
and boulevards but for village architecture, for the first time in the
history of architecture. There are many reasons for believing this. First,
there is the huge scope of construction work which has developed in the
countryside. Second, rural construction is now embarking and, in the
near future, will be firmly established on the path of industrialization.
And, finally, third and most important, decisive steps will be taken during
the Seven-Year Plan period on the abolition of the differences still existing
between the city and the country, on the path of transformation of villages
into those urban type kolkhoz settlements of which Nikita Sergeyevich
Khrushchev spoke at the 21st Party Congress.
The observations of all who happen to visit kolkhoz villages and even
the dry language of statistics testify that a whole series of kolkhozes,
and in certain oblasts the overwhelming majority of them, have already re-
ceived the necessary economic capabilities and have in practice begun the
solution of this task....
Rational determination of the system of future settlements is an
important task of rural construction. Hardly anyone now doubts that
enlargement of inhabited centers will proceed at rapid rates -- some
in the near future and some at a later date. Therefore, these problems
must be solved correctly from the very beginning for every specific rural
rayon so that today's construction will help, not hinder, the future basic
reconstruction of villages. Special attention must be given to compilation
of schemes for rayon planning -- the bases of the entire future development
of life in rural rayons. In this connection, the decision adopted by the
Moskovskaya Oblast Executive Committee on the elaboration in 1959-1960 of
these plans for all rayons of the oblast is of great importance. Formulation
of the first of these schemes is being completed now, and the standard for
rayon planning has already been compiled, which is especially important.
Problems of resettling utilities of villages, and development of agriculture
are being solved in close conjunction with problems of building cities....
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Compilation of general plans or schemes for building kolkhoz settle-
ments is another important task. However, the best designs will prove
to be useless paper unless technical leadership for construction in
villages and the appropriate architectural and construction checking are
not supplied. But this can be supplied only if there amore to be people
occupied in village architecture on the apparatuses of Oblast administra-
tions for construction and architecture and in administrations for construc-
tion in kolkhozes. But there are too few of them. There must be a rayon
architect in every rayon or at least a technician well acquainted with
problems in planning villages.
One cannot ignore the fact that implementation of all these measures
demands a very large number of architects and planners concerned only with
problems of rural construction. Our country at present does not have the
necessary number of architects of the necessary profile. But this difficulty
can and must be overcome....
Experience in creation of special interkolkhoz planning organizations
which has been disseminated in the Ukraine is interesting and must be
used widely. Since there are still few planning specialists at present,
it would be useful to open a permanently functioning seminar in this
field under one of the leading planning organizations....
And, finally, probably the most principled question is that of the
composition of the future village. It is clear to all that these must
be settlements close to the urban type and supplied with all types of
utilities. Simultaneously, the inhabitant of the future kolkhoz settlement,
although he will not be burdened with a large personal plot,, still must
have all the conveniences connected with life in rural areas, i.e., the
opportunity to commune directly with nature, to rest in one's own orchard,
to grow flowers and vegetables.
Therefore, it is necessary to formulate general principles both for
reconstruction of villages and new building to determine what the house and
yard of a kolkhoznik will be like in the future and what the size of the
plot must be. It is also important to indicate correctly the types of
industrial houses for future kolkhoz homes. There are many opinions on
this subject which have been expressed in specific designs. In particular,
the single-story dwelling designed by the Administration of Local Industry
of the Moskovskaya Oblast Executive Committee and the Designing Bureau
of the In Administration of Construction Yeterials of Moskovskaya Oblast
has gained great popularity. Of course, these organizations and the
authors of the designs must be given due respect since they are among the
first in the country to use precast ferroconcrete for rural housing. How-
ever, these houses cannot be recommended for-mass building because bf the
availability of utilities, their technical-economic indicators, and also
their architectural appearance.
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In general, it is scarcely correct to orient ourselves on single-story
houses for one family in building future villages. In this case, it is
impossible to provide sufficient economieis in building. The settlement
will occupy an excessively large area, in connection with which it loses
a significant quantity of land and increases greatly the length of roads
and engineering structures. Single-story houses are 1b20 percent more
expensive than two-story houses. The best type of dwelling for mass
construction in rural areas is the two-story house with a slab roof, with
each apartment built on two levels, or a house with interlocking mansards....
Undoubtedly, many other theoretical and practical questions of rural
construction will arise in the course of the creative discussion which
we intend to open in newspapers.... -- A. Vasillyev, director of Planning
Institute of Moskovskaya Oblast Planning Trust, and Engr P. Mikhalevich
(Izvestiya, 12 Apr 59)
2. B9 Pravda" Scores Lag in Local Agricultural Procurements
?. The results of the first quarter show that not all party and soviet
organizations are working persistently for fulfillment of obligations assumed
by kolkhozes and sovkhozes. It was noted at a recent plenum of the Krasnodar-
skiy Kray-Party Committee that, although the kray as a whole is coping with
its task for the sale of animal products to the state, many of its kolkhozes
and sovkhozes are fulfilling their socialist obligations unsatisfactorily.
The obligations assumed by'the'kray stipulated the fattening of more than
3 million swine within a year. Only 157,000 swine have been fattened during
the last 3 months. If things proceed in this manner, the obligations can
be unfulfilled.
In deciding to double the 1958 production and sale of meat to the state
in 1959, the agricultural workers of Tullskaya Oblast assumed great obliga-
tions. The task is difficult, but its fulfillment has not been organized
properly. Competition often bears a formal character, and the necessary
tension in work has not been created. As a result, the obligation for
production and sale of meat was not fulfilled in the first quarter in Tul?-
skaya Oblast. It should be noted that there are many rayons and individual
farms which are still not fulfilling heir obligations in the republics,
krays, and oblasts which are successfully fulfilling their quarterly plans.
The kolkhozes and sovkhozes of Belorussia are not using their reserves
for increasing animal husbandry. In coping with the first quarter task for
the sale of meat, they did not fulfill their obligations for milk. Mogilev-
skaya and lblodechnenskaya oblasts are lagging especially. The state was
short thousands of tons of milk from kolkhozes and sovkhozes of Brestskaya,
Vitebskaya, Gomellskaya, and Grodnenskaya oblasts. The milk yield in these
oblasts not only did not rise in 1959 but has even fallen below 1958?
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The Belorussian Central Committee adopted a special decree on this question
in February 1959. The work of leaders of several rayons which are not ful-
filling the plan was discussed at sessions of the Bureau of the Belorussian
Central Committee. However, practical implementation of the indicated
measures is still lacking.... Lead editorial (Pravda, 18 Apr 59)
3. Kolkhoz Chairmen Called Overconfident of Ability to Repair Tractors
Repair work on tractors in the kolkhozes of Pyl'vaskiy Rayon is very
poor. You can count the days until sowing begins, and a third of the
tractor park is still not ready for field work....
No matter where you bring up the subject in Pyl'vaskiy Rayon -- in
the rayon party or executive committee, the RTS of the kolkhoz -- you
always get the same answer. No spare parts. Actually, there are not
enough spare parts in the rayon now, and this does delay the completion
of repairs on certain machines. But the lack of some spare parts is not
the only reason for the delay.
This is apparent from the example of the Kyul'vaya Kolkhoz which has
a large tractor park consisting of 11 machines. Last fall, Comrade AlTyes,
chairman of the board of the kolkhoz, stated presumptuously: "We do not
need help. We will repair our tractors ourselves. This is no great problem!"
The repair of tractors in the kolkhoz workshops proved to be a trouble-
some matter. The unwarranted self-confidence of the leaders of this farm
resulted in frustration of the repair plan. Now, only three machines are
ready for sowing in the Kyul'vaya Kolkhoz....
Only two kolkhozes -- Yukhisyyud and imeni Lauristin -- are making
capital repairs on their tractors with their own forces in a satisfactory
manner....
A conclusion suggested by this is that the majority of the kolkhozes
are not now capable of making capital repairs on tractors.
Talk can often be heard in the kolkhozes to the effect that they can
repair machinery with their own forces more cheaply than with the use of
the RTS. But they forget about the quality of the repair work. If you
start sowing with tractors that have been haphazardly patched up, then you
lose much more.
There is little time left before spring field work begins, and this
neglect must be compensated for quickly. It is necessary to put an end
to amateurish repair work in Pyl'vaskiy Rayon ahd hand all this work over
to the RTS workshops.... -- S. Kuznetsov (Sovetskaya Estoniya, 24 Mar 59)
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4. Latvian Sovkhoz and Kolkhoz Leaders Hold Conference
A republic conference of kolkhoz chairmen and sovkhoz directors began
work on 24+ March.... Ye. E. Kalnberzin,'candidate member of the Presidium
of the Central Committee CPSU and first secretary of the Latvian Central
Committee, reported on the 21st Party Congress on the tasks of the agri-
cultural workers of Latvia in increasing the output of agricultural products
and in lowering cost....
Current Production Rates Inadequate
[Kalnberzin first quotes various agricultural production figures
for the past year.] Such are the figures, comrades, which characterize
our main achievements. They indicate some development in agriculture.
But we must say frankly, hand on heart -- is this rate of development, this
increase in production really adequate to attain the results stipulated
by the Seven-Year Plan, to achieve the fulfillment of our obligations by
1965? No, this pace is inadequate.... At this rate, we would need 10 years
9
and then some, to fulfill the Seven-Year Plan....
Latvia?s Release From Grain Deliveries Misunderstood by Some
Our work for the production of grain crops, which are the founda-
tion of all agricultural production, is especially unsatisfactory. Some
comrades have not correctly understood the decision of the party and govern-
ment which released Latvia from obligatory grain deliveries. This was done
to satisfy as fully as possible the needs of our republic for concentrated
fodders and does not mean at all that it is not necessary'for us to grow
grain. On the contrary, we are obliged to increase the area sown in barley,
oats, and vetch-oat mixture....
Economically Weak Kolkhozes Need Guaranteed Wage System
Guaranteed wages have been or will be introduced in many farms
of Bauskiy, Dobel'skiy, and other rayons following the initiative of the
Kolkhoz imeni Stalin of Ergllskiy Rayon. Money is paid to the kolkhozniks
once a nonth. This wage system is very necessary in economically weak
kolkhozes, where people do not take much part in the work because of low
earnings. However, the leaders of such kolkhozes are too timid in intro-
ducing new wage principles....
Territorial Administrations Set Up to Guide Sovkhozes
I want to dwell separately on the work of our sovkhozes, whose
relative share of the arable land in the republic is now 20 percent.
During recent years, 72 new sovkhozes were organized on the base of back-
ward kolkhozes. This measure has been proven correct by life itself. The
former kolkhozniks, who received negligible profits working previously on
a labor-day(trudoden?)basis, now receive satisfactory earnings and are
content with their position working in the sovkhozes....
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Territorial administrations of sovkhozes have now been organized
under the Ministry of Agriculture of the republic. They must see that
there is not a single backward farm in the zone of their activity this
year....
Indivisible Funds Should Be Considered National Property
The sale of MPS equipment to the kolkhozes strengthened their
economic status. We should recall the fact that, with the increase of
cooperative property on kolkhozes, their indivisible funds grow, and this
more closely approaches national property.
More and more, our kolkhozes are building electric power stations,
repairing roads, putting up clubs, and carrying out other measures which
actually serve the interests of all the people with their indivisible funds.
Economically strong kolkhozes in a number of Soviet republics are building
schools and other projects with their own means. These are elements which
characterize the development of cooperative property of kolkhozes into
national property. In discussing the theses of the report by N. S. Khrush-
chev at the 21st Party Congress, many kolkhozniks of Krasnodarskiy Kray,
Moskovskaya Oblast, and Belorussia have expressed the opinion that the
indivisible funds of kolkhozes should be considered national property....
(Sovetskaya Latviya, 25 Iar 59)
Doroshenko Speaks
...Comrade Doroshenko, chief of the Agriculture Section of the
Central Committee CPSU, delivered a lengthy speech at the conference....
(Sovetskaya Latviya, 26 Mar 59)
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E. Cultural Developments
1. Liberalism in Cultural Affairs Charged to Shepilov
[The following is an excerpt., from a speech by G. Kh. Margaryan, a
secretary of the:Armeni.an'Central Committee, at the Sixth Congress of
Artj sts" of Armenia,]:
"..The'Communist Party and all the Soviet people nailed to the pil
lory the activities of the antiparty group of Malenkov, Kaganovich, Molo-
tov, Bulganin, and Shepilov; these'activities found expression also in the
field of literature And art. Finding himself in a leading post of ideologi-
cal work, enjoying the trust of the Central Committee CPSU, and speaking
as representative of the Central Committee, Shepilov distorted the main
party line in questionscr literature and art.
Babbling about allowing creative freedom to representatives of the
artistic intelligentsia, he:actually opposed the Leninist principle of
party-mindedness in literature and art.... -- G,. Kh. Margaryan (Kommunist,
5 Apr 59)
[Comment: Such charges were made against Shepilov in 1957 but have
not been observed in the press for some-time.]
2. Editorial Notes Recent Party Decree on Book Distribution
...As is indicated in the Central Committee's recent decree entitled
"On Measures for Improvement of the Distribution of Books,"there are
serious shortcomings in the book trade. Book-trading` organizations of the
Ministry of Culture USSR, Ministry of Communications USSR, Tsentrosoyuz
(Central Union of Consumer Cooperatives) and other departments poorly study
the popular demand for literature in various branches of knowledge, permit
mistakes in orders for books, and develop insufficiently various forms of
the book trade -- book sales, mobile'shops, book hawking,,.etc. Great re-
mnants of unsold literature pile, up in warehouses and stores..:.,
The Council of Ministers USSR has established a new procedures for
settling accounts among publishing houses and book-trading organizations.
Book-trading organizations will now-pay publishing houses the. full cost
of editions if the size.Qf the edition has been agreed on, Books published
in excess of the edition'agreed will be accepted by the book dealers on a
commission basis. This procedure for reckoning will demand dai3y work by
book'dealers with readers and the correct estimate of demand for books.
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It is also necessary to secure development of the book-trading system.
There are at present somewhat more than 7,400 bookstores in the country.
There is one bookstore for`40,000-50,000 inhabitants in many cities. This
is completely insufficient-. The Council of Ministers USSR has suggested
that the councils of ministers of union and autonomous republics, execu-
tive committees of krays and oblasts, the Ministry of Culture USSR, and
Tsentrosoyuz formulate and confirm plans for development of the retail
book-trading system -- bookstores and bases in cities, workers settlements,
and rural locations -- for the next 2-3 years so that a fuller and unbroken
satisfaction of the dethands of the workers (trudyashchiyesya) for litera-
ture be provided.... -- Second editorial (Pravda) 16 Apr 59)
1
3. Latvian Play Criticized for Depicting Humane Nazis'
The story "Everywhere Grow the Roses"(Vsyudu'Rastsvetayut Rozy) by
Miyervald Birze,-for which the author was awarded.a State Prize of the
Latvian SSR, is'well known to the. reading public. Naturally, they awaited
with great interest the appearance of the stage play of this story by
playwright Valt Grevin in collaboration with the author. Now, this heroic
drama is on the stage of the Liyepaya Musical and Dramatic Theater....
Some mistakes in directing were. strongly felt in the play. Thus, the
desire to avoid the beaten paths in representing the atrocious'cruelty and
inhumanity of the fascists resulted in the opposite extreme. The officers
and some of their Latvian assistants appear to be extremely proper, and
even humane. This is especially felt in the prison scene. Apeaceful
atmosphere reigns in it which is not disturbed even when, at the end of
Zenta's monologue, soldiers appear in the cell to take her away to be shot.
They gallantly wait until she has finished talking and then exit calmly,
letting her move out in front as if setting off for a stroll. The audi-
ence does not feel the terrible breath of the Gestapo torture chamber; it
does not hear the voices of the patriots condemned to death....
For the present, it is still impossible to consider the play "Every-
where Grow the Roses" a finished theatrical work. The collective must
devote great effort to achieving vitality in every image and in every situa-
tion. It must embody the events of the terrible years of struggle'on the
stage with the proper artistic force. Only if the play is greatly improved
can the Liyepaya Theater claim the right to compete.. with other theatrical
collectives in the Baltic Theatrical Spring, the'traditional review it has
decided to enter with this production. - V. Elksnite (Sovetskaya Latviya,
3 Apr 59)
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1+. Leningrad Writers HQld Reports and Elections Party Meeting
A reports and elections party meeting was held recently in the Lenin-
grad Section of the Union of Writers RSFSR.... N. Lugovtsov,.secretary
of the party bureau, who made the report and those who took part in the
discussions talked about the place of the writer in the struggle of the
Soviet people to build a Communist society
Poem by N. Kutov Criticized
("Po Mostkam, Storonkoyu Zarechnoyu"),a poem by N. Kutov, was read
at the meeting. How alien to our present reality is the life which the
author depicts. Tedium, despondency, and inconsolability.are the principal
motifs of the verse. Where do they come from?...
Literary Criticism Must Help,. Not Confuse
It has already been said and written time and again that the state
of literary criticism does not satisfy the. needs of our literary movement....
Hasty or argumentive appraisals:~,of their creative works, done by a tongue-
twister or without deep analysis,,do not help the writers.
For several months, the workers of Detgiz (State Publishing House
of Children'_s Literature) have twice expressed their opinion about A. .
Golubeva's book, Zarya Vzoydet (Dawn Comes). But both reviews were dia-
metrically opposed. What is. the writer to think and do?
Zvezda Articles on Revisionism in Poland and Yugoslavia Cited
Writers can do a great deal in unmasking modern revisionism. A
clear example of this is the great response both here and abroad to the
articles published last year in Zvezda by A. Gozenpud and Z. Gershkovich
on cases of revisionism in Poland and on Yugoslav revisionism. A. Dyrnshits
spoke about this at the meeting....
New Party Bureau Elected
In its decree, the party meeting indicated ways of eliminating the
shortcomings which had been disclosed and defined the immediate tasks which
face the writers. A new party bureau of 11 persons, was elected. (Lenin-
gradskaya Pravda,,. 26 Mar. 59)
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F. Ideological Questions
1. Estonian Theoretician Warns Against "Equal" Profit Distribution
...At one time, our party censured some left deviationists who tried
to put into effect at once the Communist principle "From each according
to his ability, to each according to his need," despite the instructions
of Marx, Engels, and Lenin, and contrary to the policy of the party. It
is also known that the ideas of petit bourgeois "Socialism" brought great
harm to the kolkhoz movement at one time. [The petit bourgeois socialists
wished] to divide all profits "equally" among the members of the kolkhoz,
independent of the work done by each kolkhoznik,leaving nothing for the
maintenance and expansion of the collective farm. What would have been
the result, for example, had they divided all the. products among the mem-
bers of the kolkhoz with no concern for the:expansion of production? The
tools and machinery soon would have worn out, the soil would have grown
impoverished, and the quantity.of livestock would have diminished. In
short, such kolkhozniks would have eaten up their collective farm and been
left with the collapse of their hopes. If the kolkhoz profits had been
divided equally among all the kolkhozniks, regardless of the amount of work
put in by each of them, then even those who had done no work at all would
receive their share.,.. -- 0. Shteyn, head of the Department of Dialecti-
cal and Historical Materialism, Tartu State university (Sovetskaya Estoniya,
24 Mar 59)
2. Theoreticians' Symposium on Building of Communism Published
The Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences USSR has issued a
collection entitled Vo ros Stroitel?stva Kommunisma v SSSR, (Problems
of the Building of Communism in the USSR). The collection includes mater-
ial from the session of departments of social sciences of the Academy of
Sciences USSR which was devoted to questions of the transition of our
country to Communism. The book opens with an introductory statement by
A. V. Topchiyev. Next, there are reports by the following persons:
K. V. Ostrovityanov, "Some Problems of Communist Construction in the
USSR and the Tasks of the?Social Sciences"; M. B. Mitin, "The Role of
Marxist-Leninist Ideology in the Building of Communism"; P. N. Fedoseyev,
"The Development of Production Relations in the Transition from Socialism
to Communism"; B. G. Gafurov, "The Building of Communism and the Nationality
Question"; P. S. Romashkin, "The Development of the Functions of the
Soviet State in the Process of Transition to Communism"; L. M. Gatovskiy,
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."Money-Goods Relationships in the Period of Transition from Socialism to
Communism'; A. .A. Arzumat yan, "The, Competing of Two World Systems"; and
Y.: R. Shcherbiny, "$oviet Literature in the Struggle for the Building
of Communism."
The collection also contains speeches by the following persons; P. N.
Pershin, "Raising Kolkhoz Cooperative Property to the Level of National
Property"; S. P. Tolstov, "Some Problems of Ethnographic Science"; Ye. N.
Pavlovskly, "The Cultural Growth'of the Peoples of Central Asia";,-T. S.
Khachaturov, "Concerning the Role of Technical,Progress"; V. S. Nemchinov,
"On the Development of Commodity-Money Relationships"; Ya. A.'Kronrod,
"On Contradictions in the Development of the Socialist Economy and Ways
of Resolving Them"; K. A..Meshkauskas, "On the Comprehensive (Kompleksnyy)
Development of Economic Regions"; I. V. Pavlov, "On the Forms of Legal
Regulation of Social Relations During the Transition to Communism"; V. V.
Nikolayev, "On ,the Role of the Soviet State-in Communist Construction";.
D. Kshibekov, "The Problem of the Development of the Kolkhoz System';
V. P. D'yacheriko, "Prospects in the Development of Commodity-Money Re-
lationships"; M. S. Strogovich, "Some Questions of Soviet State and Law";
and T. A. Zhdanko, "On Ways of Transforming the Character of the Peoples
of the USSR;"
Also, G. A. Prudenskiy, "Concerning Reserves of Socialist Production";
I. I. Mints, "On Some Tasks of the Social Sciences"; Yu. D. Desheriyev,
"On the Development of the Languages of the Peoples of the USSR"; G. T.
Kovalevskiy, "On the Essential Economic Nature of the Indivisible Funds";
V. Ya. Aboltin, "On.Economic Relations With the Capitalist World"; A. M.
Aminov, "Concerning the Particular Features of the Building of Communism
in the Republics of Central Asia and Kazakhstan"; Ts. A. Stepanyan, "Con-
cerning Contradictions in the Present Stage of Transition from Socialism-
to Communism"; M. Ya.'Sonin, "On the Ways to a Rise in the Cultural- .
Technical Level of the Working People"; K. A. Ivanov, "On the Importance
of Architecture in the, Building of Communism"; V. F. Golosov, "On the
Question of the Tasks of Philosophy in Connection With the Building of
Communism"; A. I. Pashkov, "Concerning Several Questions of the Economic
Theory of Socialism"; N. A. Tsagolov, "On the Two Forms of Socialist Prop-
erty"; and S. N. Bratus', -"Concerning the,Iregal Regulation of Property Re-
'lations in the USSR."
The book ends with concluding speeches by P. S. Romashkin, P. N.
Fedoseyev, K. V. Ostrovityanov, and A. N. Nesmeyanov. (Voprosy Ekonomiki,
No 2, Feb 59)
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G. Historiography
Author of Kharkov Plant History Scored for Mistakes and Misinterpretations
[The following paragraphs, are from the review of a book by A. A.
Voskresenskiy on early revolutionary activities (1895-1917) among workers
of the Kharkov Engine-Building Works.]
...In listing the participants of the social-democratic societies
and workers of the Kharkov Committee [of the RSDRP (Russian Social-Democratic
Workers' Party)], the author, like an_impassive chronicler, names Mensheviks,
conciliatbrs, and other opportunists right along with the Bolsheviks. Thus,
without any political appraisal, he lists Lipkin (Cherevanin), who, later,
was one of the leaders of the Mensheviks~ Nikolayev; Shestakova; Isakovich;
Chayevskiy; and other known Kharkov Mensheviks. The author does not show
the character of Avilov,a member of the Kharkov Bolshevik group "Vpered,"
who was a conciliator and who, at the third congress of the RSDRP, opposed
the. Leninist line on armed revolt and left the party entirely after the
October Revolution.
The author belittled the role and importance of many prominent Bol-
sheviks. The names of S. V. Kosior, V. A. Karpinskiy, and Ts. Sh. Zelikson
(Bobrovskoy) are only mentioned in the book, but their work in Kharkov is
not explained. He also made no use of the many works of Soviet historians
devoted to revolutionary events in Kharkov and, because of this, reduced
the value of his research.
The author incorrectly interprets the meeting of the Socialist groups
of Petinskiy Rayon, Kharkov, on 8 April 1917, at which attempts were made
to unite the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks into a single social-democratic
organization. He did not appraise this event properly and set it forth
as a positive plan when, in reality this was an erroneous step on the
part of the Bolsheviks of the plant area, who soon realized their mistake
and corrected it. The author does not mention a word about the fact that
V. I. Lenin and the Central Committee of the party absolutely opposed the
unification tendencies in 1917.
The attempt of the author to revive the theory about so-called "triple
power" which was allegedly established in the Ukraine after the February
Revolution, a theory which was severely criticized and rejected at the
beginning of the.l930s, is completely intolerable. He writes-. "Dual power
was established in the country. The situation was even more complex in
the Ukraine. Here, three powers appeared -- the Soviets, the provisional
government of the Russian bourgeoisie, and the nationalist counterrevolu-
tionary Central Rada." This statement of the author is greatly mistaken,
for the Central Rada and the provisional government made up a single
counterrevolutionary camp which resisted,the Soviets.
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These and:a number-,of . other. mistakes., which cannot be noted in a
brief newspaper.review~ indicate that A. A. Voskresenskiy., the author of
the book; P. G. Plugatyrev, responsible editor; and the Publishing House
of Kharkov University did not approach this work in a serious manner....
-- P. Shmorgun, Candidate of Historical Sciences (Pravda Ukrainy, 3'Apr
59)
H. Education
Armenian Central Committee Secretary Deplores "Idlers With Diplomas"
..For some young people, obtaining a higher education is an end
in itself. Such people do not worry about their future, the problem
of how they will participate in the life of society. Thus, idlers with di-
plomas sometimes appear. Among them are zootechnicians, veterinarians,
agronomists, mechanizers. Their "activities" are aimless loafing on the
streets, a tranquil life at the expense of parents.... -- Gr. Margaryan,
Secretary, Armenian Central Committee (Kommunist, 28 Mar 59)
I. Criminal and Antisocial Practices
Juvenile Labor Colonies Discussed at Armenian Militia Conference
Recently, a republic conference of militia workers was held....
Comrade G. Melkonyan, Minister'of Internal'Affairs Armenian SSR, gave a
report on "Tasks of Militia Organs in the Light of the Decisions of the
21st Congress of the CPSU."...
Comrade S. Martirosyan, deputy chief of a juvenile labor colony,
said that the number of crimes by. minors has decreased''significantly in
recent years; however, the results achieved are still not entirely sat-
isfactory....
Serious criticism was aimed at the erroneous practice whereby various
pedagogical staffs, educators, and Komsomol and public organizations stop
being interested in the fate'of children who have been expelled from school
for various offenses.
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Comrade A. Poladyan, chief of the Militia Administration of the Ex-
ecutive Committee of Yerevan City Soviet, and Comrade I. Gazinyan, chief
of the Kirovskiy Rayon Militia Department,... suggested that difficult
children or those who have committed offenses not be expelled from school
but, with the cooperation of public education divisions of the correspond-
ing executive committees of rayon soviets, be sent to juvenile labor colonies
of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.... (Kommunist, ?5 Mar,59)
J. Religion
1. Concrete Action Against Religious Sect Members Urged
...It is possible to cite dozens of examples of discrepancies between
the convictions and actions of sectarians, but it is also evident that
they "sin" at every step. At the same time, they "sin" only when it is
convenient and profitable for them. When the matter concerns fulfilling
social duties, they prefer not'to commit "sins." The question arises: Is
it not time to',apply more effective measures then lectures, reports, and
talks to these believing idlers? Is it not,.time to take an interest in
what sort of incomes these and`"similar "people of God" live on, whether or
not they hide behind the "sacred word" matters which are akin to the dark
machinations of speculators, home-brewers, and beggars? Is it not time
for the Komsomol to begin hot combat with various religious sects, which
tear the less firm boys and girls from among our ranks, and struggle ruth-
lessly with sectarians for each young person who-has fallen into their net?
-- Yuriy Shvarev, an officer of Losevskiy Rayon Military Commissariat,
Voronezhskaya Oblast (Komsomollskaya Pravda, 15 Apr 59)
2., "Atheist Study Rooms" Urged in Belorussia
...Unfortunately, it must be recognized that the dissemination, of
scientific atheistic information is still poorly organized in a number of
rayons'of_our republic. An obvious lack, of appreciation for the value, of
,antireligious propaganda is tolerated. This inevitably results in the
activation of churchmen and intensifies the corrupt activity of various
sects that do appreciable damage. Itinerant preachers and "servantsiof
God" emerge to spread their reactionary ideas in the cities and villages....
City and rayon party committees should establish, atheist. study rooms
at houses of political education and. atheist-..corners at,'political education
study rooms.... -- Lead article (Sovetskaya Belorussiya , 7"Apr 59)
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CHAPTER 11 OF NEW PARTY HISTORY
The following is a review of Chapter 11 of the new Istoriya KPSS
(History of the CPSU). The review is based on a comparison with the
corresponding Chapter 10 in Istoriya VKP(b)~ Kratkiy Kurs, better known
as the Short Course.
Publication Data. The present chapter and the ten preceding ones
were published in V Pomoshch' Politicheskomu Samoobrazovaniyu (In Aid of
Political Self-Education), the first ten appearing in issues 9,.10, and
11 of 1958, No 1 of 1959, and the present one in No 3 of 1959, signed to
the press on-i6 March 1959.
Events Covered by Chapter 11. The chapter covers events from January
1926 through November 1929, a period which included the 15th-and 16th
party conferences and the 15th Party Congress, the expulsion of Trotskiy
and Zinov'yev from the party, the beginning of collectivization in agri-
culture, completion of the fight against the kulaks and Nepmen, and the
introduction and implementation of the First Five-Year Plan.
New Features of Chapter 11. Chapter'10 of the Short Course had three
subheadings and dealt primarily with the struggle against Trotsky'and
Zinov'yev, the beginning of collectivization, and adoption of the First
Five-Year Plan. The new Chapter 11 has added two more subheadings. The
first, in keeping with the new emphasis (in preceding chapters) on the
significance of international events which took place during this period,
gives the reader an idea of the international situation in 1926-1929 and
the foreign policy of the Soviet government. fihe 'USSR's support of dis-
armament in the League of Nations is emphasized. The Short Course blamed
Great Britain for various "incidents" of 1927: raids on Soviet embassies
and trade agencies in Berlin, Peiping, Shanghai, Tientsin, and London;
the assassination of Soviet Ambassador Voykov in Warsaw; and the hurling
of bombs into a party meeting in Leningrad. These charges are retained in
the new text under the international affairs subheading. Also mentioned
under this heading are the neutrality pacts concluded between the USSR
and Germany, Turkey, Afghanistan, Iran, and Lithuania in 1925-1927, and
there is new emphasis on Soviet aid to the international workers' move-
ment and its efforts to promote international proletarian solidarity.
The second new chapter subheading deals with the mobilization of
forces for the industrialization of the nation, and the soviets, the trade
unions, and the Komsomol, and the women of the nation are praised for the
part they played. Mentioned here are the First All-Union Congress of
Women Working in Industry and Agriculture and the old trade union of agri-
cultural and forestry workers.
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Expurgation of Stalin Quotations. A striking feature of the new
chapter is its use of quotations from Lenin to replace the rather exten-
sive ones from Stalin used in the Short Course. This is done by harking
back to Lenin?s plan on agricultural cooperatives, and by citing from
articles written by Lenin but not published until after.his death. There
is also a marked "toning down" of Stalin?s views; in the Short Course,
Stalin, in discussing the expulsion of members of the Trotsky and Zinov?yev
bloc and their efforts to "recant" their way back into the party, devoted
almost a page to calling them political swindlers and political double-
dealers "who were false and hypocritical from beginning to end." In the
new chapter, that page has been reduced to one statement; it says simply
that the party adopted a "guarded" approach to the recantations and,decided
to deal individually with any member who sought readmittance to the party.
"Foreign Espionage" Charge Against Trotsky-Zinov?yev Group Omitted.
In the same section of the Short Course referred to above, that describing
the expulsion of members of the Trotsky and Zinovgyev bloc at the 15th
Party Congress in 1927, it was.said that "shortly after the 15th Party
Congress, the expelled anti-Leninists began to hand in statements recanting
Trotskyism and asking to be reinstated in the party. Of course, at that
time, the party could not yet know that Trotsky, Rakovskiy, Radek, Krestin-
skiy, Sokolnikov, and others had long been enemies of the people, spies
recruited by foreign espionage services, and that Kamenev, Zinovlyev,'
Pyatakov and others were already forming connections with enemies of the
USSR in capitalist countries for the purpose of "collaboration" with them
against the Soviet people."
The new chapter says: "The majority of those excluded fulfilled the
conditions,set by the party for readmittance and were restored to their
rights as members of the party. But, as subsequent events were to demon-
strate, the behavior of the leaders of the Trotsky-Zinovlyev opposition
was one of double-dealing. They returned to the party with the same pro-
vocative aim.-- to split the party from within, to overthrow the Leninist
Central Committee, to take the leadership of the party into their own
hands, and to disrupt the construction of socialism in the USSR."
Treatment of Old Bolsheviks. Like previous chapters of the new text,
the present one continues to give honorable mention to the Old Bolsheviks
for the part played by them in the fight against Trotsky and in the begin-
nings of-socialist construction. The following passage differs from its
Short Course counterpart in that alphabetical order is used. "An active
role in this struggle was played by such party figures and workers as
A. A. Andreyev, K. Ye. Voroshilov, F. E. Dzerzhinskiy, A. A. Zhdanov,
L. M. Kagarioaich, M. I. Kalinin, S. M. Kirov,, S. V. Kosior, V. V. Kuybyshev,
A. I. Mikoyan, V. M. Molotov, G. I. Petrovskiy, P. P. Postyshev, G. K.
Ordzhonikidze, Ya. F. Rudzutak, I. V. Stalin, M. V. Frunze, N. S. Khrushchev,
N. M. Shvernik, and Yea M. Yaroslavskiy." (It is worth noting that the
names of Kaganovieh and Molotov have not been editorially purged.)
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G. K. Ordzhonikidze rates a paragraph in the new text for his report
entitled "Concerning the Opposition," delivered at the 15th Party Congress
on behalf of a commission selected by that congress to investigate the
antiparty activity of the Trotskyites.
Blyukher's Name Omitted in Account of Soviet-Chinese Border Fight.
Under its subheading on international events from 1926 to 1929, the
chapter notes the seizure of the Chinese Eastern Railroad in the summer
of 1929 and Soviet efforts to settle the conflict peacefully. But, it
says, "troops of the Chinese militarists and Russian Whites began sys-
tematic attacks on Soviet Territory, threatening the Far Eastern borders
of the USSR.., Countermeasures against these provocateurs of war in the
Far East were required. In August 1929, the Special Far East Army was
organized. It soon began combat operations against these violators of
the Soviet borders and routed the Chinese militarist troops. Soviet-
Chinese talks followed, and in December 1929 an agreement was signed
doing away with the conflict; the Chinese Eastern Railroad was restored
to its previous status." There is no mention of Marshal of the Soviet
Union Vasiliy Konstantinovich Blyukher, who died in the purge of 1938.
According to.the Malaya Sovetskaya Entsiklopediya (Small Soviet Encyclo-
pedia), Third Edition, Volume 1, 1958, Blyukher commanded the Far East
Army.
Other Praise of the Military. In a passage describing proletarian
influence on the peasantry in the fight to industrialize the nation,
this statement appears: "The party, in all ways possible, used the Red
Army for the political education of the peasantry. Demobilized Red Army
men had great influence in-the villages. One half the chairmen of vil-
lage soviets and two thirds of the chairmen of volost executive com-
mittees went through this Red Army school."
More Deference Paid to Chinese. The new text mentions the Chinese
Revolution twice. In its account of world events, it states that the
Communist Party of China, educated in the ideas of Marxism-Leninism,
led the First Civil Revolutionary War in China and claims. that "the
first successes of the Chinese Revolution had considerable influence on
the development of the liberation struggle throughout the entire ,zorld,
particularly in India, Indonesia, Morocco, Egypt, and other colonial and
dependent countries."
The Chinese Revolution is mentioned again in a discussion of the
Sixth. Comintern Congress in 1928; the revolution is called an event "of
world-historical importance."
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New Treatment-of the "Platform of the 83." In 1927, the Trotsky-
Zinoveyev'Bloc drew up a new party platform, labeled the "Platform of
the 83," circulated it among party members, and demanded that the Central
Committee open a new general party discussion. Stalin?s version of the
event,,as presented in the Short Course, is.followed fairly closely by
the new text. But Trotsky and Zinov?yev accused the Central Committee
of not proceeding with either industrialization or collectivization fast
enough, and this fact is omitted in the new text.-
Development of Union Republics. The new text says that the party
gradually achieved socialist industrialization "not only of the central
regions, but of the backward national republics and oblasts also,." lists
the construction of metallurgical, textile, and other enterprises in
Soviet Central Asia, and describes the rise of national cadres of indus-
trial workers in. that and other areas of the nation. That paragraph is
followed by one which speaks of the party?s unrelenting struggle against
bourgeois nationalism, great power chauvinism, and local nationalism,
which "weakened the friendship of the peoples of the USSR in their strug-
gle for socialism,, weakened the Soviet state, and undermined the Leninist
unity of the Communist Party."
Party Membership Statistics. According,-to the Short Course, the
party had 643,000 members and +45,000 candidate members at-the time of
the 14th Party Congress in December 1925. The new party history text
,refers to'the All-Union Party Census of 1927; according to the census,
the party had 775,000 members and 372,000 candidate members, and that
over 800,000 persons had been accepted into the party between 1924-1926.
Yet, in its description of the 15th Party Congress, which was held in
December 1927, the new text states that "the party then had 887,.000
members and 349,000 candidate members." Unless there is an error here,
this means that, between the 1927 party census and the 1927 party congress,
there was,a gain'of 112,000 members and'a loss of 23,000 candidates, a
net gain of 89,000 persons.
Other New Features. The Trotsky-Zinov?yev bloc, in the new text,
is accused of doubting the possibility of the victory of socialism in
the USSR, of seeking to increase the agricultural tax on the peasantry,
of negating the need to defend the USSR from imperialist intervention,
and of trying to split the Comintern. The new text, mentions the crop
failure of 1928 in the southern Ukraine and northern Caucasus, with a
loss 'of almost 300 million poods of grain crops; this is followed by a
statement on the refusal of the kulaks to sell their grain reserves to
the state at prices set by the state, and of kulak terrorism against the
kolkhozes and against party and soviet workers.
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There is a marked decrease in the number of people actually named
as members of the Trotsky, Zinoveyev, and Kamenev groups. The new text
says, for example, that the 15th Party Congress expelled 75 members of
those groups from the party but'names only nine -- Kamenev, Pyatakov,
Radek, Rakovskiy, Safarov., Smilga, I. Smi.rnov, Lashevich, "and others,"
plus Sapronov and 23 of his "Democratic Centralism" group. The Short
Course named 16 persons -- the nine listed above, plus Preobrazhenskiy,
Serebryakov, Sarkis, Lifshitz, Mdivani, and three of the Democratic
Centralists: V. Smirnov, Boguslavskiy, and Drobnis. Similarly, of the
rightists in the Moscow Party organization who supported Bukharin and
Rykov, the new text names only Uglanov, whereas the Short Course listed
Uglanov, Kotov, Ukhanov, Ryutin, Yagoda, Poionskiy, and others." The
new text also omits the names of such members of the Bukharin-Rykov group
as Slepkov, Maretskiy, Eichenwald, Goldenberg, Melnichanskiy, Dogadov,
A. Smirnov, Eismont, V. Schmidt, "and others."
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TABLE OF CONTENTS OF KHRUSHCHEV'S BOOK ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS
[Note: For the convenience of those who wish to check on the original
sources and the available English translations for this collection of
Khrushchev's statements on foreign affairs and-the international situation,
the following table of contents is provided.
The title of the book is N. S. Khrushchev. K Pobede v Mirnom Sor-
evnovanii s Kapitalismom (N. S. Khrushchev. Toward Victory in Peaceful
Competition With Capitalism). It was published by Gospolitizdzt in Moscow
and signed to the press on 6 April 1959; its release was announced in
Pravda on.Khrushchev's birthday, 17 April.
For some of the items, the book cites what are evidently regarded
as the original published sources. These citations, where they exist,
have been added, in parentheses, to the table of contents. Many of the
items without such citations, however, are known`.to have been recorded
in the Soviet press.
Articles which appeared in Mezhdunarodnaya Zhizn' will have been
translated in the English-language edition of that journal, International
Affairs. Translations for the other items were sought in two sources,
the Current Digest of the Soviet Press and the Soviet Information Bureau's
Daily Review of the Soviet Press. Citations from these sources, in
brackets, have been added to the table. No attempt has been-made to
check the text against the translations or against the original published
sources.]
Exchange of letters between C. Rajagopalachari, Indian public and
political worker, and N. S. Khrushchev. (MezhdunarodnayaZhizn', No 2,
1958)
Answers to questions by V. Sindbaek, editor of Dansk Folkestyre,
journal of the youth organization of the Danish Moderate Liberal Party.
Pravda, 15 January 1958) [Current Digest, 19 Feb 58; Daily Review,
15 Jan 581
On several questions of the international situation. Speech at
the conference of leading agricultural workers of the Belorussian SSR
on 22 January 1958. [Current Digest, 5 Mar 58; Daily Review, 27 Jan 58]
Talk with Axel Springer, West German publisher, and Hans Zehrer,
chief editor of Die Welt, on 29 January 1958. (Pravda 8 February 1958)
[Current Digest, 19 Mar 58; Daily Review, 8 Feb 583
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Talk with I. McDonald, editor of foreign division of British news-
paper The Times, on 31 January 1958. (Pravda, 16 February 1958) [Current
Digest, 25 Mar 58; Daily Review, 17 Feb 5$Ti
Answers to questions by Manuel Mejido, correspondent of Mexican news-
paper Excelsior, on 21 February 1958. (Mezhdunarodnaya Zhizn', No 4, 1958)
Letter to Bertrand Russell on 5 March 1958. (Kommunist, No 5, 1958)
[also Mezhdunarodnaya Zhizn', No 4, 1958]
Answers to questions by editorial staff of newspaper Trybuna Ludu
on 10 March 1958. (Pravda,. 12 March 1958) [Current Digest, 16 Apr 55;
Daily Review, 12 Mar 5bJ
Speech at meeting of electorate of Kalininskiy Electoral District of
Moscow on 14 March 1958. [Daily Review, 15 Mar 58]
Talk with correspondent of French newspaper Le Figaro on 19 March 1958.
( avda, 27 March 1958) [Current Digest, 7 May 58; Daily Review, 27 Mar 58]
Talk with E. Ridder, owner and publisher and H. Luedicke, editor of
US newspaper Journal of Commerce, on 22 March 1958. (Mezhdunarodnaya
Zhizr_', No 5, 195
Answers to questions by G. Palozzi, correspondent of Italian newspaper
I1 Tempo, on 24 March 1958. (Pravda, 2 April 1958) [Current Digest, 7 May 58;
Daily Review, 2 Apr 58]
Speech at airport in Budapest on arrival in Hungary of USSR party-
government delegation, on 2 April 1958. [Daily Review, 3 Apr 58]
Speech at festive meeting in Budapest, dedicated to 13th anniversary
of liberation of Hungary, on 3 April 1958. [Current Digest, 14 May 58;
Daily Review, 4 Apr 58]
Speech at meeting in Budapest during visit to Hungary of USSR party-
government delegation, on 4 April 1958. [Current Digest, 14 May 58;
Daily Review, 5 Apr 58]
Speech at meeting in Cegled, during visit to Hungary of USSR party-
government delegation, on 7 April 1958. [Current Digest, 14 May 58;
Daily Review, 8 Apr 58]
Speech at meeting in Tatabanya during visit to Hungary of USSR party-
government delegation, on 8 April 1958. [Current Digest, 14 May 58;
Daily Review, 9 Apr 58]
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Speech at Soviet Embassy reception in Budapest during visit to
Hungary of USSR party-government delegation, on 8 April 1958. [Daily
Review, 9 Apr 581
Speech at Academy of Sciences of Hungarian People's Republic during
visit to Hungary of USSR party-government delegation, on 9 April 1958.
[Current Digest, 28 May 58; Daily Review, 10 Apr 58, Part II]
Speech at meeting with workers of Csepel Metallurgical Combine
during visit to Hungary of USSR party-government delegation, on 9 April 1958.
Speech at departure of Soviet Union's party-government delegation
from Budapest, on 10 April 1958. [Brief excerpts in Daily Review, 11 Apr 58]
Speech at meeting on return of USSR party-government delegation from
Hungarian People's Republic, on 10 April 1958. [Current Digest, 28 May 58;
Daily Review, 11 Apr 58]
Speech at reception in Embassy of Polish People's Republic on occasion
of 13th anniversary of Treaty on Friendship, Mutual Aid, and Postwar Colla-
boration between USSR and Polish People's Republic, on 21 April 1958.
[Daily Review, 22 Apr 581
Speech at luncheon given in honor of President of United Arab Re-
public, Jamal Abd-an-Nasir, on 30 April 1958. [Current Digest, 11 Jun 58]
Answers to questions by C. Lambrakis, publisher of Greek newspapers.
(Pravda, 4 May 1958) [Current Digest, 11 Jun 58; Daily Review, 5 May 58]
Speech at reception in Embassy of United Arab Republic in honor of
President of United Arab Republic, Jamal Abd..an-Nasir, on 14+ May 1958.
Speech at meeting of friendship of peoples of Soviet Union and United
Arab Republic, a 15 May 1958. [Current Digest, 25 Jun 58; Daily Review,
16 May 58]
Speech at luncheon given in honor of president of Finland, Urho K.
Kekkonen, on 23 May 1958. [Current Digest, 2 Jul 581
Speech at conference of Political Consultative Committee of states
participating in Warsaw Pact, on 24 May 1958. [Current Digest, 2 Jul 58;
Daily Review, 27 May 58, Part II]
Letter to Central Committee of Italian Communist Party, on 31 May 1958.
(Pravda, 1 June 1958)
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Speech at Seventh Congress of Bulgarian Communist Party, on 3 June 1958.
[Current Digest, 9 Jul 58; Daily Review, 4 Jun 581
Answer to Cyrus Eaton, (Pravda, 6 June 1958) [Daily Review, 6 Jun 58]
Speech at meeting of workers of Sofia dedicated to conclusion of work
of Seventh Congress of Bulgarian Communist Party, on 7 June 1958.
Answers to questions by John Waters, editor of Australian newspaper
The Herald, on 11 June 1958. (Pravda, 25 June 1958) [Current Digest,
30 Jul 56; Daily Review, 25 Jun 58]
Speech at luncheon given by ambassadors of countries participating
in Bandung Conference, given in honor of King and Queen of Nepal, on
23 June 1958.
Speech at meeting with Comrade A. Novotny, first secretary of Central
Committee of Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and President of Czechoslo-
vakian Republic, on 2 July 1958. [Daily Review, 3 Jul 58]
Speech at dinner in Great Kremlin Palace in honor of President of
Czechoslovakia, Comrade A. Novotny, on 2 July 1958. (Daily Review,
3 Jul 58]
Speech in Leningrad at meeting of friendship of peoples of USSR and
Czechoslovakia, on 4 July 1958. LDaily Review, 5 Jul 58]
Speech on arrival in Berlin of delegation of Communist Party of
Soviet Union to Fifth Congress of Socialist Unity Party of Germany, on
8 July 1958. [Daily Review, 9 Jul 581
Speech at meeting in city of Halle during visit to German Democratic
Republic by delegation of Communist Party of Soviet Union to Fifth Congress
of Socialist Unity Party of Germany, on 8 July 1958. [Daily Review,
9 Jul 58]
Speech at meeting in Palace of Culture of Electrochemical Combine in
the city of Bitterfeld during visit to German Democratic Republic by
delegation of Communist Party of Soviet Union to Fifth Congress of Social-
ist Unity Party of Germany, on 9 July 1958. [Current Digest, 27 Aug 58;
Daily Review, 22 Jul 58, supplement]
Speech at Fifth Congress of Socialist Unity Party of Germany, on
11 July 1958. [Current Digest, 20 Aug 58; Daily Review, 12 Jul 581
Speech at workers' meeting in Moscow, dedicated to friendship of
peoples of Soviet Union and Czechoslovakia, on 12 July 1958. [Current
Digest, 20 Aug 58; Daily Review, 14 Jul 58, Part 11]
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Speech at luncheon given in honor of government delegation of Austrian
Republic, on 22 July 1958. [Daily Review, 23 Jul 581
Speech at Embassy of Polish People's Republic during reception on
the occasion of 14th anniversary of Day of National Restoration of Poland,
on 22 July 1958. [Daily Review, 23 Jul 58]
Answers to questions by Kingsbury Smith, vice-president and general
manager of United Press International, on 22 July 1958. (Pravda, 24 July 1958)
[Current Digest, 27 Aug 58; Daily Review,-24 Jul 581
Speech at dinner in Embassy of Austrian Republic, on 23 July 1958.
[Current Digest, 3 Sep 58; Daily Review, 24 Jul 581
Speech at reception in Kremlin-in honor of government delegation of
Austrian Republic, on 24 July 1958. [Daily Review, 25 Jul 581
Speech on departure from Moscow of government delegation of Austrian
Republic, on 28 July 1958. [Daily Review, 29 Jul 58]
Talk with Indian journalists on 29 July 1958. (Pravda, 5 August 1958)
[Current Digest, 10 Sep 58; Daily Review, 5 Aug 58]
Answers to questions by Pravda correspondent regarding cessation of
nuclear weapons tests. (Pravda, 30 August 1958) [Current Digest, 8 Oct 581
Answers to questions by A. E. Johann, West German writer and journal-
ist, on 20 September 1958. Pravda, 24 September 1958) [Daily Review,
24 Sep 58]
Answers to questions by Pravda editor on events in France. (Pravda,
22 September 1958) [Current Digest, 29 Oct 58; Daily Review, 22 Sep 531
Answers to questions by Murilo Marroquim de Souza, Brazilian jour-
nalist, on 3 October 1958. (Mezhdunarodnaya Zhizn', No 11, 1958)
Answer to question by Tass correspondent. (Pravda, 6 October 1958)
[Current Digest, 12 Nov 58; Daily Review, 6 Oct 5`5T-
Speech at reception given by Marshal.Abd-al-Hakim Ami ?, Vice-President
of United Arab Republic, on 21 October 1958. [Current Digest, 26 Nov 581
Speech at reception in Great Kremlin Palace in honor of participants
of Tashkent Conference of Writers of Countries of Asia and Africa, on
22 October 1958. [Daily Review, 23 Oct 58]
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Speech at reception in Kremlin in honor of Marshal,Abd-al-Hakim Amir,
Vice-President of United Arab Republic, on 23 October 1958. [Current
Digest, 3 Dec 58; Daily Review, 24 Oct 58]
Speech..at meeting in Moscow with delegation of Polish People's Republic,
on 25 October 1958. [Daily Review, 27 Oct 58]
Speech at dinner in Kremlin in honor of delegation of Polish People's
Republic, on 25 October 1958. [Daily Review, 27 Oct 581
Speech at luncheon with Comrade W. Gomulka, chairman of delegation
of Polish People's Republic, on 27 October 1958. [Daily Review, 28 Oct 581
Speech at meeting in Baltiyskiy Plant during visit to Leningrad by
delegation of Polish People's Republic, on 3 November 1958. [Daily Review,
4 Nov 58]
Speech at workers' meeting in Leningrad dedicated to friendship of
peoples of Soviet Union and Polish People's Republic, on 4 November 1958.
[Daily Review, 5 Nov 58]
Speech at reception in Great Kremlin Palace on occasion of 41st anni-
versary of the Great October Socialist Revolution, on 7 November 1958.
[Daily Review, 10 Nov 58]
Speech at meeting of friendship of peoples of Soviet Union and
Polish People's Republic, on 10 November 1958. [Current Digest, 17 Dec 58;
Daily Review, 11 Nov 581
Speech on departure from Moscow of delegation of Polish People's
Republic, on 11 November 1958. [Daily Review, 12 Nov 58]
Several questions on the international situation. From speech at
reception for graduates of military academies, on 14 November 1958.
[Daily Review, 15 Nov 58]
Proposal,of Soviet Government on Berlin Question. Press confer-
ence in Kremlin with Chairman of Council of Ministers USSR; N. S. Khrush-
chev, on 27 November -1958. ( avd , 28 November 1958) [Current Digest,
7 Jan 59; Daily Review, 28 Nov 581
Answers to question by H. Kempsky, chief correspondent of Sueddeutsche
Zeitung, newspaper of Federal Republic of Germany. (Pravda, 13 December 1958)
Current Digest, 21 Jan 59; Daily Review, 13 Dec 581
39
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Plenum of Leningradskaya Oblast Party Committee discusses profit-
ability and cost reduction of sovkhoz products; Chairman N. I. Smirnov
of oblast executive committee gives report; leaders of oblast agriculture
administration are severely criticized for lessening demands on directors
and chief specialists of sovkhozes; plenum notes many sovkhozes still work
unsatisfactorily, and production costs are still high. (Pravda, 13 Apr 59)
Plenum of Krasnoyarskiy Kray Party Committee discusses ideological
work among the masses. (Sovetskaya Rossiya, l4 Apr 59)
Plenum of Tambovskaya Oblast Party Committee discusses ideological
work among masses. (Sovetskaya Rossiya, 14 Apr 59)
Plenum of Checheno-Ingushskaya Oblast Party Committee discusses
intensifying political education work among youths. (Sovetskaya Rossiya,
14 Apr 59)
Meeting of Leningrad party aktiv discusses tasks of party organiza-
tions in intensifying ideological work; First Secretary N. N. Rodionov
of Leningrad City Party Committee makes a report. (Pravda, 18 Apr 59)
Ministers Latvian SSR. (Sovetskaya Latviaa, 9 Apr 59)
cording to decree adopted by Central Committee Bureau and Council of
Garden and Forest Month to be held in April and May in republic ac-
Latvian SSR
9 Apr 59)
Plenum of Kaunas City Party Committee discusses fulfillment of Cen-
tral Committee CPSU decree "On Work'of Trade Unions of the USSR" by city
party organization; Secretary Mankevichyus speaks. (Sovetskaya Litva,
8 Apr 59)
Plenum of Leninskiy Rayon Party Committee, Vil'nyus, discusses tasks
of rayon party organizations in strengthening public order; Gaylyavichyus,
Minister of Internal Affairs Lithuanian SSR, speaks. (Sovetskaya Litva,
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Belorussian SSR
Meeting of aktiv of Minsk City Party Organization hears report by
Rudak, secretary of city party committee, on results of Plenum of Belo-
russian Central Committee; Savel'yev, secretary of city party committee,
reports on results of socialist competition; First Secretary K. T. Mazurov
of the Belorussian Central Committee, participates. (Sovetskaya Belorus-
siya, 7 Apr 59)
Armenian SSR
Bureau of Central Committee discusses preparation for celebration
of 1+Oth Anniversary of Armenian SSR in 1960; jubilee commission set up,
with S. A. Tovmasyan as chairman. (Kommunist, 29 Mar 59)
Conference is held in republic Central Committee on fulfillment of
decree on participation of workers in protection a public order; Secre-
tary S. Voskanyan of Yerevan City Party Committee reports on creation of
voluntary peoples guards in Yerevan; Central Committee Secretary B. Sar-
kisov sums up work of conference. (Kommunist, 1 Apr 59)
Regular plenum of Kirovakan City Party Committee discusses work of
its newspaper, Kayts; Editor B. Bagdasaryan reports; First Secretary Ts.
Badalyan speaks about concrete tasks of the paper in intensifying propa-
ganda of 21st Congress decisions. (Kommunist, 3 Apr 59)
Three-day seminar of ideological workers, called by Armenian Central
Committee, is devoted to propaganda of 21st Congress materials; among
speakers are republic Second Secretary Margaryan, Secretary Adonts, First
Secretary Tovmasyan, local party leaders, and Central Committee CPSU
lecturers. (Kommunist, 4 Apr 59)
Two-day republic conference on ideological work, called by Azerbay-
dzhan Central Committee, hears Secretary A. S. Bayromov report on tasks
of ideological work of republic party organizations in light of 21st
Congress decisions; P. A. Satyukov, editor-in-chief of Pravda, is among
speakers during debate; republic First Secretary I. D. Mustafayev sums
up work of conference. (Bakinskiy Rabochiy, 11 Apr 59)
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Kazakh SSR
Plenum of Rudnyy City Party Committee discusses role of primary party
organizations in fulfilling decisions of the 21st Party Congress; Secretary
Shipulin speaks. (Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, 4 Apr 59)
Turkmen SSR
Plenum of Tasbauzskaya Oblast Party Committee discusses speech,of
First Secretary Atayev concerning use of tractors and farm machinery and
preparation for spring sowing; resolutions to eliminate many serious
shortcomings are passed. (Turkmenskaya Iskra,,7 Apr 59)
Plenum of Ashkhabad City Party Committee discusses housing construc-
tion in the city; Tayliyev, first secretary, speaks. (Turkmenskaya Iskra,
8 Apr 59)
Uzbek SSR
Plenum of Bukharskaya Oblast Party Committee'discusses shortcomings
in fulfilling socialist obligations for cotton growing and spring sowing
of other crops; First Secretary Rizayev, Bukharskaya Sovnarkhoz Chairman
Nusratov, and republic Central Committee Secretary Mel'nikov speak; Ves-
elov and Alasheyev released'as secretaries in connection with transfer
to other work; Khudayberdyyev and Belousov elected secretaries. (Pravda
Vostoka, 8 Apr 59)
Plenum of Namangan City Party Committee discusses public education
and the flew Uzbek law; Kadyrov; Minister of Education Uzbek SSR, speaks.
(Pravda Vostoka, 8, Apr 59)
Plenum of Tashkenskaya Oblast Party Committee sees serious implica-
tions In failure of oblast to cope with machine harvest, in spite of fact
th t a--few months ago Pravda scored Uzbek "antimechanization" attitude,
which is still very much in-evidence; certain "Heroes of Socialist Labor"
singled out as guilty in this matter; Rashidov, Uzbek First Secretary;
Nasriddinov, chairman of the Presidium, Supreme Soviet Uzbek SSR;,arid
others attend. (Pravda Vostoka, 10 Apr 59)
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 Approved For Release'2007/03103: CIARDP8DR01731 R0001 00150
SENDER WILL CHECK CLASSIFICATION TOP AND BOTTOM
T _!UNCLASSIFIED -- CONFIDENTIAL SECRET
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
OFFICIAL ROUTING SLIP
Executive Officer
APPROVAL DISPATCH
ACTION DIRECT REPLY
COMMENT (I LEI FILE
CONCURRENCE I INFORMATION
Remarks :
As per our telephone conversation) I attach
FDD's "Survey of the Soviet Press" which on
pages 34-39 gives the table of contents of
Khrushchev's book. Each item in the table of
contents sets forth the English language pub-
lication in which the text can be found.
Although FDD may not have all the English
language texts available, they can be procured.
CLASS. CHANCED TO: TS S CA'i
NEXT REV1 VU DATE 96
AUTH: HERE TO RETURN TO SENDER
D AME 6t~lA~IS ANDiddl'ci14E NO.
NO CHANGE IN CLASS.
^ DECLASS-1 - ?iED
Dep Asst. Dir. for Operations 26 May
SECRET
UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL (40)
U. S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE : 1955-0-342531
RM NO. 0 7 R laces Form 30-4
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