(UNTITLED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP70B00338R000300030016-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 1, 2005
• Sequence Number: 16
• Publication Date: March 1, 1967
• Content Type: MAGAZINE

Approved__Fo~_Release 2005/11/21 : CIA-RDP70B00338R000300030016-5
INTERNAL USE ONLY
I. SO\fI? Nt;Ct.cs,\RY I1AC'M;RI( NI)I
Ilf l'1111 l ('I TIII.I III 1) WAR WI15;III'e;ul\' in ti' til'
iii ,\ti tI~l t'I' 1(- J(,, when ~t,nte (t ,t uttent~ frttill
t~; r(lunttie5 ;I ~yenlhlc(I in the Il;l -hetleeketl
r\rtists' I hill in I'ragne 1'rr the lint World Slit
dent Cmi,,,ws5. Ammig. the (Ieler;ttes \\: re '-1 1nu rie,nl
students, nl;uly (tf'the'm W&,tlll Wat II \rtt r;ln,, 1CI''lt's:nl
Illft, 11lIi(III`' Y1111111 ;11111 "rllltlt'lll Iti}'sins/Illlt'll nntl It'll
I''I nillllicill III11' e1',IIIC',, I ite ("(-11111111111',I`, \\III In I ht
IlMjolil\' :It the CnIII',less, and dis1lllles ;iio e as lo till,
I'ttlln't ]I'll' 01, intelu;itimwl stutienl ttr!;Inir,tii(1u', Si ill.
the ('()nleless end'li 1111 ;In ;11111ONt' mite, mill ;I e;lll 1"I
further rl,rher;tlilln mid the huiltfinll nf;l ilul\ rt'I) ,enl.I
liv'C in11"t llAi hill stlnlrnt I'r".;lni/allrn Milt I, till, I ,l,
e\NIellce Olottl\ ill, ,oul w\, ,Intl '\,I, I, In1,?ti it I'I,
1 !111011 01' sludl ,111s (it is). Flit' Anlerie,lll ticl.e-
:, tle~, \\hu . Iuue 11, he I,ntrwwn is lllr Pi t}~,Ilc ;'.S. tetllrnL(I
home, fulls' c n\inectl that t new, II'ul1l, tcI)lcSeut;ltIVe
,,,,ti,u,,,l or!,;Ini/;ltil,ll huts to he t're;Iteti whieh could
litIin,,l\ Irllrrsent the t;.`5. stilticIll rt,nllnlntil~' iu the
~llhhshlllf; tliClll`el\e' :Is :111 urlt;llll/.Ills, ('mill1litice, (lie
Ill the .'S Iti511Ct1 1 0;111 I(IF It 11;ItiI'll;ll conference Ili titn-
l,'Itl It',Itlelti I~'tlt};Itnire ;1 n1W ll;ltiun;ll lillil-n I)f',IWiellt..
1IR' wt-to I'eniaik;l16 ~,iu.ce shil, In the ,,Monies til' 191-7,
;l it hotly known ;Iti the I Inited SIaie.s N;Iliun;ll `+tuideilt
WI,Itit,ll (NtiA) held Ili, ( t,ll'?Litullomil ('Iln\Cntil'rl ill
N1,i tl.Itll, Wltiet,lltiill, l$\ the (Mlle Of this ('Ulltt'tlll~tll. Ills'
1 1 1 1 1 , 1 I t . i t' of, the I t h;ltl ht't'l,nle e\ ell tiltIl'e 01)'.111y Ill'((-'
t'I'Ill sins I limit it 11,111 h'i'll ill I'I;w1w. Ilt,\te\t'l, II \1';ts
nt t 1111111 the rt'rtunulll,t coin' had IA,en I'Lu e ii.l
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 Approved For Release 2005/11/
Slovakia in 1tt48 and the II IS had faifrd to condemn the
cnninlnnists' niisb uugi1i of(';r?cli!;ttldentsthat thebreak
hctwccn NSA and It tt, iecanie official,
Finlly, in 101% NSA nice in Stockholm with ih other
national student group!; to form ;t new internt.innal dent hody which wa riitinlately call-'A the Itltornition:ll
Stndr'nl ('onfcrcn'e (I` C), 1)uririg the that nuxtin ;, the
ovcie1iielntinr, rnnjority of the d'"lcp;atcs were r)pr'os;ed to
the conception of the ISC as ;1 "rival, ' sr"t un to tifp,ht the
I.d.!S ;lid international I'he delegate to the
first ISC wanted to avoid contrrntersial political (Itl'w:',ti(lns,
and any further schism of the internntion;tl student wori(1,
The new interntUonil ot'pvniration grew quickly and
inlpressively. By the nliddie'50s, m'ei ?i national student
union were participating, snore than half of which were
from the underdeveloped "FlArtd 0'S"orld," and the !SC had
a huee,htlde't providing for many programs of tr"t'ltnical
assistance, rducation and student exehaw':s. '[he 1S('
became the, l);tcesetter fi)r itl~crnational shltlent polit
and NSA its on its way to hccnufine the most powerful
force within the new intcrnttional t rp~attizatien.
worltd pressed the halides' for it to take
political mall(as on Controv("rival issues ";tii:11
its culolli;llism and racism, And as the "Third
World"student onions !"farted to pees"; political issues in
the I`)(', it was usually the NSA t9t~t(!tlatitin that. played
the illokl'atimt role, trying to keep the IS C' fnrrl!,ed on the
problems (i1' "students as students."'
In a !:(:n e, the ?cry p'owtli of the l!".1, enltend r('tl. its
prohlcnts. Most 5;tudent tuliolls, originally attcnetcd to the
orh;tnirat.ioti out of resentment, age:urh:t the strictures im-
po'ed by the IIiS, became alicnn,ted fros)1 it when, partly
under NSA's prtniding, the I`1(" hri~nsi ttt tart foi'tf1 its own
tight ('old War positions. BY the t('("tl's, fl' sitw(tiotl had
begun to rover"'(' itself; the 1tt'5 was nia!;intt pgcsfurcr;wendrl lrlssalong
reports on foreitgrl student he dcrs directly to the. Agency,
'I his information hclpcd the (CIA in evaluating the polit-
ical tendencies of prospective political leaders in critical
an'cas of the world.
One of the lures tile! CIA dangled before NSA was the
usstu'allc'r: that this intelligence galthcri I g role did not
mm to require NSA to violate its foreign policy principles,
'Flue OA is interested in alterna+ti^+e's; to e~om111unis;in in the
underdeveloped world, even it' the only alternative is a
moderate left. "Witty" staff members were told that, in
working with the CiA, they would be providing the infor-
rnation that would help get a mere; enlightened foreign
policy presented in high Washington circles. r
thus an NSA international s;taffcr, while on an ovr..r-
seas assignment cleared with the (.'IA, visited student.
t!roltps in Spaill that woo rillltl;llll ly protesting a f,ailltil t:he
hr;ailc.'o dictatorship's supp1'Ctisioll of free student ilmons.
This MA er, a g(:u+!inc s;uppnrteu' of the Spanish students,,
joillc(l a pr'e11,'st 111';elltlt', ant rmll'hcel Ilp by the
Spanish police. jailed, and h'''id inrormntttloeado for three
days. the Saute stall' ulenlher he'd prcl'iousaly gone to the
t?ontinic.an Republic shortly afire this American inter'
velltion there. Ile hroucl t ha:t,. a report ott his coma ets;
with university students who had participated in the civil
eva~r on the side of the ce~nst.il.u.ti+,naifi ,ts;,
To NSA the CIA rel;'tionship was a Coll ifortahle one.
It meant lots of money, a. sense of doing important work,
elve l'Seas, travel, and. perhaps lllw,t important of all, vet y
littl'. (":Cling of tidying sold 0''t. one's Imlitiea l ci.rnv'ieticrns.
"I lie CIA relationship rucamt snoinething more llerssonai.l, too.
For ycais elected (and app'ednte?d) ofliciatls anal staffers of
NSA have been getting. draft itcfernicuit s. The de t'eritlent
riven for having an "oeecnp:ltion vital to (Ile national inter-
would last as long ass the m,.,n her worked flu' NSA;
it was then pos.ibli: !'or dint h' g,o on tit ria.duatc, school
and rcccivc a ;;mutant defc'rnieent aeain.
'the standard practise 1 sus for the president of NSA. to
send a letter to the local draft heard stating that th"', staff
i1 ember's services were i'cegtlitcd in all area that afle'eted
time national intere`t. Atways' included wits a Cold War
paragraph about how N.")) was combatting, cOuunurli'.rrt.
In what had become almost a form later, the NSA t~^i'esi-
'dent, asking fur on occupational deferment for his staff
nlemhcr, wrote: "NSA is largely responsible' for the
creation and nlaintctcluce of the lnteruatiorl:tl Student
1 `onference, which was established in 1950 to conihat time,
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~ntmunist?rOtttrctlled Intcrll; c tut`r ~ tsttttctlt~'tIt cn,llu+`
ltn'e than 50 counts ies--almost
~ttt ow participate
k)11,11 union this side of the I roll Curtain' n
the international Student Cn~'Viet nnm escalated, and a
nltritnl; 1965-66 the War tttti+.' devclole-I ill the NSA office when Isla l' under bthc
%ldcllly fntutd thGm~~e.~lve's cunt S~iShcrburttc, took the
~hpact or the ittcre;tscd draft l
Selective Service
Mallet' of the office sta1C's at iu1 also the
directly to (ien-
'residc ntial ltevicty Board, II
-t',tl ilershc\,, No NSA Mid nlentl} tks aftfcrtit" own non?
,Mitts';" wet,c'.drafted, rho Agetic,y lc c
(IV, 'lilt; PRtiSll)FN1' RtiPiitS]
le Phil Sherburne "witty" it
got nwte t ,tn
I i gritty independence borne was cnnvtr r_ ndl relationship. In an attempt
y
! ?nd o
IiuN nIE e IN Itt, Ily tilt,
h it hargaiitcd for. Shcrbtll'nC cod that it Was illlposslule to rhdtnl.lltl
Ilas a tough-ntm cc , b
t tat ,,ooh an inolelcndcnt ut te
. 'nd n ew funds that Would free NSA of its financial
led him into conflict with those
he CIA, to It e,lt
i.(. wi're' ,;tyinfS NSA's hill,t. Not only dill S,herbil
who . crhurn(' wGt~untt ,,
~htin + dcpcndelwc on t
hr~~y had
hrcnk tic, (.'IA dull c)f etc, l1rCy, ),I, he ,I,lol wj:in iii, l' 1-residcnt lituttlthrcy in July of 1006. I)utctn?tit in interttutiltnl,l) pl ttgr tmthinl; been friendly to NSA, had addressed its National Con-
for NSA ?+ y friendly I tev
,S initiltl attitude to the Agency was ,-11~ i l l 11G5, and hall ntel Sherburne once Pi
Shcrburnc o ly
the Vice Presiclent about the CIA ties
but ects COUVOO. Ile was willing to take CIA tnn i for
c 4hrrhu+65 ut nt. I Ituhphrey p'IA ties
Mid to cUluttilt h with the A~l.ttc y o
prt,.locts o Ic.,tt
? ,ti but Ile was the first NSA president who and N!;A's financial plc
mmdtlt mtc le t, I'rrvi, to help NSA get Other, indcpendettt sonCCS o rlll}lough,
de word and wrote to ?~ r
dentan dc;l full control of international PipsIttnt . Ilum hrey kept his
ed f'h;urtnttn Of the teel, I)t'vic~`t`Ick1 ttonl;
interr~atrenc prOgr;tats sehol;-rsltips,ee n worked irke' p Board of U.S. S
tit Hitt y ry
of the Clulse Manhattan Ilaok, !Ind
changes. ccmfore flew and the like-hall all been
0 per Rlou,h),
Itol,
out by NSA staff members and their CIA contacts. others. In a typical letter' (,the one
But th~ Agency rc5isted Sherburne's refarms and V-
y
arc tcy f , li their fc-undations, For the fist Hun phreyavc sail, been very much impressed by the work clone
plied pressure Natinni+I Stndclit A
nvcrifi.pantf'ewyesu'hbytit'
Litnc~ in y-'ttr,1 tlwp, west delay'; in the f;rcnntinl; of fundti I h time ~oll"llattil wall,
(`tcm- I'onnclitlt-It~; VIII-h -t'I I~Y`iA ttrnl San 'Irre1~1rltftulds dition, I know the ollicr~t,+ol Ill ASh,ls haul well
C'011.
(paid nr,lc, fuul~hl hack, Ile rc~1'u have lthe clues of NSA As with other such I;rOt111`< the NSA
(laid for by E~YSA) that would have Pal( tinuinf3 financial difficulty.
to the I nternational still ,, , ~of I believe that this ort!.,itlil itiolt sh colt uld Will
e ablb. to iito
-ant continue its work indepenticlilly and in the best spirit
I., I ent Confcrcnce, Finally, most of they sort, child, m it was cutey considered w;t rraclstcconsidered lc E;a severing t u;i torin~ lly, lies, Sherb with and lit' n thtlce; told t ydt NSA at ttWood, t OR ltogcr( Ovethcr, I s+I t1tort in the private scrtOl , whi
err Action Division No, hive Itcame so -tls` of Private initiative.
only tl I,ew hundred
lepentlence Despite Flumphrey S entreaties,
Slterbttrne's effort at establishing some , dollars rolled in from the private sector," hus NSA
any year-end operating
ancial marks, Previously, , the, deficit still on its back, and
other went to its 1966 Congress
lei t cl its fin
the CIA badly dark ,Iiged. Sherburne
deficits were quickly picked up by FYSA I' sc me s that he uutke
a~ltrrnt~, into a dis- its relationship with
f,-unclatil-+t, In l 1902- ve (i3 NSA 01 . c tcl i e the rchat lei and
,, tl ho-c-t,k cr-c-pu;ttivc~ clncl cOtllinut'ol to re"yi,thWto- lnod'scnt su alf,Lut.~sU
finstuc ppi i
iul;ltc,ly ,I :h711,1111(- dc~1i~ it, AI't~'r ;+ lhc-ug;ht('-tl pubic. ,
openly (1kcusOl any ,1 public, issue;.
a 'lc,
NSA al,lca) to nlmm~i th;lt I-rol(icht nt
NSA made a Willi prpro a,r fnrttttt plx 1 indi. hat Yet it 5hcrhurnc had accontllisheclsof1'tccrs~- twet't:
CIA
)tdUieally nil, sevorral key the foundation, ,Its , ,t;Irent l,IttS t the ('IA role
? itlt the e;,~,h ;Intl th~~. clrht w;h I~or Ow first tinttr in years;, new n.+ ttcm-
t I~htah Caine tit ou;'1t tv the the (~tlli,:ct's
mirarul,ntsll~ r~~tiro~d in two YOM.", Tl-r r~r,t of Nti ~~'~~ Iltl,l'll,, rlrrtrd tvit toil I roltnnitut ~ Inc'r Iin;IUCial
I I~+n1,ltih 1 he Only In'oblrltls butherilly,
o1 l ul n-
front i'hiludrll,hitl and at Ictryt ~1s.lustto,,rth ~~ t t,rlr Ihril kniiWIt dllc of 111k, I,,I ~t, ,Ind t t,
Imit 1,011m'ittiOlls 1,01 l1w llt w `Vmillm"t?II ~,IIIC[", wi'I,'
;t, R,1%tt'ARrS
as ~,,sily nhsuncvd, Among others, FYSA put up $15,111111
and twit nlen, Thomas Millhank ,uul (ieOrl'e ilaker, put
l $1(1,(X1 and ;5(100 respeetivcl\, Millh
kill 1 "Ink andeutives
are both well-established New York corporate
andT orris (h,h.
and fellow members of the Raccluet~ tt
'These two men once jol,ud with tin A wrican student
SIfi,111N) grant to the IS(, fill.
interest in NSA and
tl his
cc7nfcrcncc. When asked Obeli nlag,+r.ine, Mr, h-lill-
intcrnational student Politics by this
hank, once an assistant naval attache in Cairo, said: "It is 111 none of your husiness," and prornl'tl ti lrl,c}1~;11crhurne
At the end of tnyear of relative, inde1eild00 crndcficil that uu
w;+s faced with approxilltately a 535, 0 Once picked up, The deficit has renlain d, LleTitenstall'
.60 chilIv.
cutbacks. The "firth'} doesl
ith the CIA, Sher-
h~
n
t
w
tlin
a
ear of wrf
I' a
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dcticil. -fol it apprat'cd that llnnlphrcv's !'ri;,n'I, in the
"private seeloi" were not is interested in suppnrtin!; NSA
as it rather un-public part of the "public sector" had been..
(t', rl'rrnt'It TO A I APfttI
tilt ;Ilt.UIItltthlt' -I lNnt.t.' Went to 19:11'v;11'(I l,Iw
School after his. ycat' of escapa .acs wide the CIA.
I he was in ('anibrid!,e when Ramtan is called
pine early l:tst month tO ! e.l hi , reaction to Mike.
1'~oO(I'~, ri v(,I;iti('rls, In a subdued voice he ~;ti'l: "I Ithink
I ,vonl(I prefer not to soy anything lentil I hl~e had a
chance to look at the article, pretty caret'tllly.... I think
the article shout'! he di,cussed by the current Iclnainistra.'
tie'n (l- NSA, and that anything that I would c would he
IVSOIl''.'(1 in disci;sions; with them."
1 hen he was asked, "Did you Sinn a natioval .ectn-ity
Oath''" Sherburne paused a few nlome?it; and said, "At
this pint I don't want to make any coinio nl."
~ihcrhnrnt~ was under enormous pre':slue, not only out
of ;t rcnlainin,', loyalty 16 NSA, but also from V CIA.
That " enli!ghltened" organix.ation had viciously tnrned on
hills for l;tlklll!, to yVood, and was Irving !lard to intilili.
date hull into pllbli,lV deiiylnir W'oofl'`; !el`ite'.
SnInctirnc in the noddle of lam'arv, the INA o!hlccrs
and Shcrhllrnc heard that Michael V'nrn1 lw l hi,,
iniorlnaltion ;tern!, to I?auipart'. ;hI~r1111rr',^ ;Il(r,l \\ nil
and :a k':d him to fly, to Boston, when, ;h''rf'uria^ pl'~Ide+.1
;;lilt hint lnr an entn'e day to Ielract. he, story, `[hen they
both flew to W ishinttton for four nu.ire (lays of inten?.+:
and ll;lri'owine discussion with two of the cnr(vent NSA
national ofliccrs, Ili NSA staff member, and it fornier
national affairs vice president.
Ire the \Vashington conversations with "rood, the olli-
t1 r : I'f NSA desperluely tried to dissuade hint (teem giving;
thw inlorinatiini to this magazine.. Wood refused and in.
cleat nr!,c(I thw ofliccl-s to allirnl the story publicly, which
would he the Only way of salvaging NSA's dignity, I he
ofti' cr>, would not ronlnlit themselves.
I here follor,e(I two weeks of hectic caucusing a nd cmc i'
i cl'. v niectitigs at NSA Iicad(piarlcr';, i`Vi'\ oilicters visited
;+ n~inlh'~r of vv'cll-kn'1wn NSA allini, including Douglass
':'i''r of the \ hite ilouse stall, to a,;k their adv'i'ce, At
Ir;l I l'ne of the ofliccrs also went ,lc;lii;ht to th+" Agency.
I lip: c,in cut ('IA operative whom lie ('outacted i:; it forma'
N?;A president. Ile is officially employed by the Agency
I'ot, i nternational Development in %V lshnutton.
,At one point the officers assembled the s(all', told them
Of the impending story and hilly (icon.:d that it was true.
l hrv stl!;gested that Wood was nnakiue ill) 11ii", to
rrlc'nrc NSA foe having lost Iii; toh;Isiiire:ct(lr ofelevclop-
mclii, IFinally, ;Mother shelf nlcetinc, w;i'; called 111-1 it %v,'IS
adlniited that the story was true.
Meanwhile, on the west coast, two Ramparts editor'.;
were talking to F (I Sehwait.:i, NSA's current national
affairs vice president. Sc:liwartr, t;ilkativ c,tnd duickwvittcd.
had been the leader of tlic liberal caucu'; in NSA. Ile, wtl~,
in Iierkelc'y, working n s ;l behind-f he'sc,ncs strident
political Idvisor nr!~(,ti;rotor diving the University of ('tali
forniacampuscrisisprecipitate'1by the.Ill ing of('InrkDerr.
It :rcn's a direct, ironic result of Cold War politics that
`7chwclrtz had to drop his liberal P'erkeley activities and
c:oss the Hay to di;e:uss hi!; en?!;aniNation's coop ration
with the, (.'AA. I lu?ouph it long and tiring, discussion that
la;tt'd most of one Ili}tht, `-cliwart/ did not deny NSA'.
rClationsliip to the ('iA, inst:;lcl, he pleaded that great
d;tnt:n'e; would he done' to the good works of NSA by the
relation of'this relationship, tee; thte discussion ended, I:c
inuticr",(I something about his (irafl dt fern eat,
A b.,, clays later, in ,.I Ramparts
editor ll;id an alnios;t identical C.(ltl'~ersation with twee other
1,4'>A officers. 'I he talk began in t I`RA's national hcad-
e1lllr't(:rs, ;t Iout-see+l'V Ct11(1lilal ;tyte brick building; in a
(lilit't residential eellt111. Out the desk in President Glen''
( hove-;, office there, was ,i.il ;'Ilti(t'raphcd picture ol.i l.lsll:' t
IlllnlpIII-cy- With (elid'e'- the iiltc,-Ina?
ti(tn:l! allairs t'ice prey l;;nt.
I11!!'In!! the Cinlvrrs:lttti, not d iri?Vi'.",
cirni;;1 i''I`5A's('IA coiuiedli~(its in tilt' pat hilt state'(! that.
;Ill c'1 our current fir(;,Ill-'ill's t?.,(li'.rs; front It'i;lllnltit~.
sour."; which oh:;,~rvt the,, iinrntal I?!~iliuiatC reptlrtilil'
i:rOCrdures." And +xt current brtdgcl record!;
c.
totaling 156,6t ?.30 (ruin hYSA. Stearns was asked.
''Will yotl flatly say vote h:'vc b-:'i no contact with the
A during sour time in IIt: 5ho"k his h(.ail.
Si corns and (irovcs pl(,;ah'(t that discloswc of thy: ('IA
relationship would hc disa.;irons for NSA. It would pat
th, to in :in awful. politi.t,all itreclir;(.ilt(,nt, 11' they publicly
admitted past CIA conucctiull:;, it would tarnish NSA);
ell:lr ces
badly at home and abroad, and hart its
of receiving l;t';tlit'i from other I~+t'del'rlili('llt a!'cnc'te