EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. OVERTON BROOKS OF LOUISIANA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100077-4
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 9, 2005
• Sequence Number: 77
• Publication Date: July 28, 1959
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved For Release 2006/02/07: CIA- 1-00965R 00i000T
A7044
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
erans is a man who doesn't believe in half
measures.
Though a lawyer he was assigned as a medic
in the Army in World War II and served 14
months in the European theater.
On the Queen Elizabeth returning from
Europe in September 1945, he remembers
then that he decided to join the Jewish
War Veterans.
"I thought I'd give it a try and if it turned
out to be everything I hoped, I'll stay with
it and give it my best," Abrams remembers
himself thinking.
Abrams joined the newly formed Lieuten-
ant Grover Post in Jersey City and found
that the JWV was all that he expected it
to be.
He rose from post, to county, State, and
finally the national levels in the organiza-
tion, giving his best all the while.
His associates describe him as a fighter.
The symbol with which he carried the JWV
convention was' a tiger which Abrams says
describes the ways he goes after things.
Though not bombastic, Abrams doesn't
think too much modesty about oneself is the
greatest of virtues, especially about what one
thinks.
There's no doubt about what he believes In
as the delegates to the JWV convention
learned.
Abrams platformed a strong and unre-
lenting civil rights program, and a dissent
to the policy of Saudi Arabia which keeps
American Jewish servicemen from being sta-
tioned in that country.
In the coming visit of the top Soviet, Nikita
Khrushchev, Abrams is characteristically
.adamant.
"We cannot trust them, we must never
let our guard down."
Abrams, who has been a resident of Jersey
City since he was 2, graduated from Lincoln
High School and was one of the top men in
his class at John Marshall Law School. His
law office is on Jackson Avenue.
Abrams, 45, is married to the former Clara
Wolfson, of Bayonne. They have a 15-
month-old son, Alan.
Letter: Educational Program of National
Science Foundation
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. WALTER NORBLAD
OF OREGON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, August 13, 1959
Mr. NORBLAD. Mr.' Speaker, under
leave to extend my remarks in the
RECORD, I include a very interesting let-
ter from Mr. Richard B. Knott, superin-
tendent of Consolidated School District
No. 30 at Warrenton, Oreg,, in which he
expresses his reaction to an educational
program of the National Science Founda-
tion. I hope that all Members will take
the time to read the letter as it is an ex-
cellent grassroots report on the work of
the Foundation:
a SCHOOL DISTRICT NO. 30, CONSOLIDATED,
Warrenton, Oreg., July 30, 1959.
Hon. WALTER NORBLAD,
House of Representatives,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR WALT: It has been my privilege this
summer to attend Brigham Young Uni-
versity on a National Science Foundation
stipend. The. physics institute that I at-
tended was well conceived and well executed.
It is the first time I have been able to return
to a college campus since 1940. It has been a
rewarding experience.
I have been interested In talking to nearly
all National Science Foundation participants
on the B.Y.U. campus this summer. Besides
the physics institute previously mentioned,
the college is also carrying on institutes in
general science and radiation-biology.
All told, on this campus alone, there are In
excess of 100 teachers in attendance. Over
90 percent of these teachers have indicated
that they would not have been able to at-
tend on their own. If the same situation
holds true at the other 299 colleges holding
institutes, you can Imagine the ultimate
effect of the program on science and mathe-
matics teaching.
I also examined to some extent the manner
in which these NSF institutes are being ad-
ministered. I find conditions very healthy.
The National Science Foundation is
presently assigning institutional respon-
sibility to the Dean or head of the appro-
priate science or mathematics department,
and the schools of education are used In a
consultant basis only. This Is most wise,
as it insures teachers of true content
courses. Comments would indicate that this
feeling in our ranks is practically universal.
We received approval this spring of our
application under Public Law 864 for $4,400
of science equipment, and we are thankful
for the opportunity to attend institutes such
as the Ones observed here at Brigham Young
University, that we may be of more service.
We heartily approve of the educational
program presently being carried on under
the direction of the National Science
Foundation.
Sincerely,
RICHARD B. KNOTTS,
Superintendent.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. LAURENCE CURTIS
OF MASSACHUSETTS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, August 14, 1959
Mr. CURTIS of Massachusetts. Mr.
Speaker, in extension of my remarks, I
enclose my newsletter of May 27, 1959,
which discusses the admission of Red
China into the United' Nations, as
follows:
Should the United States recognize Red
China and support her admission to the
United Nations? Certainly not for the pres-
ent, in my opinion. The question was dis-
cussed in a recent speech by Hon. Walter S.
Robertson, Assistant Secretary of State for
Far Eastern Affairs. He described the situa-
tions as follows:
The Chinese Communists conquered the
mainland of China in 1949, and the Govern-
ment of the Republic of China withdrew to
Taiwan (Formosa). The Chinese Commu-
nists were at first mistakenly thought by
some to be merely agrarian reformers, but
proved to be ardent Communists. "The
Peiping (Communist) regime was imposed
by force with the volition of only an infini-
tesimal fraction of the Chinese people. * * *
It?has kept itself In power by blood purges
and the liquidation of some 18 million main-
land Chinese in 9 years."
The Far East is a critical area In the global
struggle between East and West. American
policy there is to encourage the newly inde-
pendent, lesser developed countries to make
progress in the ways of freedom, without
falling within the orbilrof the Communist
bloc, and to build up our Far Eastern allies
and friends. It opposes the further spread
of Chinese Communist influence, and sup-
ports the non-Communist Government of
Nationalist China.
Our recognition of Red China would on
the contrary strengthen Red China by greatly
enhancing her international prestige, and
would weaken Nationalist China. "It would,
as a practical matter, mean the liquidation
of the Republic of China." From this would
flow the following results:
(1) The strategic position of the free
world would be weakened by the loss of Na-
tionalist China's 600,000 troops in Taiwan,
with resultant Communist military threat
to Japan, the Philippines, and southeast
Asia.
(2) Other Asian nations would feel that
they could no longer rely on the protection
of the United States against the Communist
threat, and would have no alternative but
to come to terms with the Red Chinese
colossus. There would be a rapid expansion
of communism throughout Asia, and Amer-
lea's moral position would suffer irreparable
damage.
(3) It would blot out any rallying point
In the world for non-Communist Chinese,
and deliver Taiwan's 10 million people to the
slavery of the mainland.
Of the 13 countries of the Far East, only
3 have recognized Red China. It has long
been our policy In granting recognition to
consider whether such action would be in
the best interests of the United States, and
whether the country seeking recognition had
shown a willingness to live up to her inter-
national obligations.
Recognition of Red China would not be in
the best interests of the United States for
reasons given above, and Red China has not
shown a willingness to live up to her inter-
national obligation's.
When the Red Chinese gained control of
the mainland of China in December 1949,
they repudiated the international obligations
of China, and confiscated, without compen-
sation, properties of other nationals valued
in the hundreds of millions of dollars.
Communist China has flagrantly violated her
armistice agreements both in Korea and
Indochina, and her agreements for the re-
lease of American prisoners.
The admission of Red China to the United
Nations Is governed by the terms of its
Charter. After due consideration, those
terms were framed to provide not for uni-
versal membership, but for membership of
"peace-loving nations willing to assume and
live. up to the obligations of the Charter."
The record shows that Communist China
is not a peace-loving nation, but Is an out-
law regime. It invaded Tibet. It took part
in the aggression ainst South Korea. it is
still threatens'` w in the Taiwan Strait.
F- Space Secrecy
HON. OVERTON BROOKS
OF LOUISIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, July 28, 1959
Mr. BROOKS of Louisiana. Mr.
Speaker, recently the gentleman from
California [Mr. Moss] addressed this
House on the subject of executive branch
secrecy in the field of space research
and space programing. It was his con-
clusion that if this House out the appro-
priations of the National Aeronautics
Approved For Release 2006/02/07 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100077-4
 Approved For Release 2006/02/07 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100077-4
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A7043
commend the Irish' Fellowship Club for
its excellent selection. This honor be-
stowed upon Mr. Culler ton is particularly
significant to those of us in public serv-
ice because it prove, that the citizens of
this country know kiow to reward dedi-
cated service to a. Community.
Mr. Cullerton fn[leed exemplifies the
very essence of public service. Through
all the years that ll: has held public of-
fice, he has served firs a shining example
of all that reflects the highest of stand-
ards in serving tbd people.
Since we Irish of k411 nationalities must
stick together, I af#1. indeed proud to be
able to include thej Chicago Sun-Times'
editorial in today's; RECORD.
The editorial follows:
IT'S A GREA1i DAY FOR P. J.
Breathes there a 4bicago Irishman with
soul so dead, who neter"to himself has said,
in this, my own, my{ native, and I want to
be No. 1 Irishman IN the No. fish city in
all the world-the oitt' that put atrick's
Tipperary can now a singing that it's not
a long way to Chtce when Bridget O'Don-
nell's grandson is t n king of the Irish In
that wonderful place where a Daley is mayor
and a Ryan runs the county.
A county assessor is important. but any-
one who knows anything about Chicago
knows Assessor P. Jj Cullerton didn't "ar-
rive" as a VIP untl Wednesday when he
was elected presidentf of the Irish Fellowship
Club of Chicago. I
The club has sum#ioned many important
men to bang Its Match 17 gavel and to in-
troduce important mPn as speakers-and not
all of the chairmen. and not all of the speak-
ers have been De rats. as Perky is.
Parky has two Ina ortant tasks to tackle,
First, he should get1 the club listed in the
phone book. Next #e must get agreement
an a speaker for ilext St. Patrick's Day.
Senator JOHN F. KENfEDY, Democrat, of Mas-
sachusetts, and Vic President NIXON have
spoken In the past 4:-id the Chicago Norskc
Club should have rat call on Governor
Rockefeller.
The problems of the leader of Chicago's
Irish are not trivlalj believe us, and Parky
has our sympathy as, well as best wishes.
Panamanian Politi4ians Exploit Anti-U.S
5-irge
EXTENSION; OF REMARKS
OF
HON. DANIEL J. FLOOD
OF PENjUSYLVANIA
IN THE HOUSE Of REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, At{yust 14, 1959
Mr. FLOOD. Mr. Speaker, for some
months there ha+e been almost daily
news dispatches of ominous character
from Panama or other parts of the Car-
ibbean littoral and islands.
The latest new$ story from Panama
by Mr. Ralph K. Skinner, well-informed
special correspondent of the Christian
Science Monitor, in the July 30, 1959,
issue of that paper, describes the current
status In the deteriorating situation on
the Isthmus.
As such, it metits reading by every
Member of the Congress, especially those
on committees dealing with Panama
Canal questions,
The indicated new story follows:
PANAMA POLrrn oS EXPLOIT ANTE-U.a. Sti1Oir
(By Ralph K. Skinner)
PANAMA. PA;4AMA-Anti-Americanism 1s
burgeoning here. It comes out in such In-
direct, as well es direct ways.
In a recent broadcast, former F_orelgn Min-
ister Aquilino Boyd called on the Pana-
manian public to "invade" the Canal Zone
on November 3, Panama's Independence Day.
His colleague. former Deputy Foreign Min-
later Ernesto ('astillero furnished newsmen
with more details of the plan. It was that
Panamanians should "enter the Panamanian
territory known as the Canal Zone" and
occupy it aymIA)llcally and effectively. While
Dr. Castillero said this should be done with-
out violence, fie offered no guarantees.
With such proposals coming from educated
men, recently easoclated as top officials with
the Panama Government. it Is not difficult
to understand the growing anti-America nat-
titude of the tnderprivlleged, unemployed,
badly oriented masses of Panama's people.
Feeling keen'.y their economic inferiority.
the people of Panama see the Canal Zone as
an Island of prosperity In an ocean of dis-
no emarkabl'I. The economic tragedy of
Pans is attributed to the United States.
\ INCIDENT HINTED
Their ema1titns aroused. and feeling sorry
for themselves a people of Panama are
ready to believe vir ny anything their press
and radio tell ahem. ost without excep-
tion, they are fed a die f anti-American
There is strcng evidence heri:-ghat ultra-
nationalist foices in Panama b ve the
next move is to provoke an internatio in-
cldent with the United States in the Ca 1
ama's case before an International group,
even as the Suez Canal crisis eventually was
brought before the United Nations. Such
an incident muy'come even sooner then the
threatened November 3 Invasion of the Ca-
ner Zone.
President de is Guardia, Jr.. says Panama-
U.S. relations tire deteriorating and that tie
regrets it sincerely. But he attributes the de-
terloration solely to the United States.
The President says the two principal
causes of friction are inequality of wages In
the Canal Zoi.e and failure of the United
States to purchase more in Panama.
Panama alleges that Panamanian citizens
employed In tie Canal Zone by the U.S. Gov-
ernment do not receive the same wages as
U.S. citizens. This is termed discrimination
and violation 31 the 1955 Treaty.
Ex7'LOITATION CHARGED
Washington replies that the treaty is being
complied with to the letter. It is stated that
negotiators of the treaty, both Panamanian
and American, knew that wages for em-
ployees in categories plentifully available
locally would to based on prevailing wages In
Panama. Actually Canal Zone wages for
such lobs average from 30 percent to 200 per-
cent higher than in Panama. Panama as-
serts that Its .itizens should receive wages
based on U.S. scales.
A leading Panama capitalist said the
United States is taking advantage of the low
wages in this capital city caused by 30,000
unemployed adults out of it, total city popu-
lation of 200,000. Traditionally wages are
low in Panama because the family political
oligarchy has refused to pass minimum-wage
legislation, thus protection vested Interests
here.
The U8. Government-owned stores in the
Canal Zone usually purchase supplies from
Panama and .be United States. Purchases
of some items are made from other countries.
Panama says this violates the treaty, that
everything humanly possible of being ob-
tained in Panama should be purchased here,
regardless of price.
As an example, the best rice grown in
Panama does not meet minimum U.S. stand-
ards In the Canal Zone. Therefore rice is
purchased elsewhere. This has been going on
fqr several years. but Panamanian producers
have not improved the quality of their rice.
The situation in beef Is similar; choice
quality is not available at any price In Pana-
ma. Rather than meet competition, Pana-
manian monopolists clamor for the Canal
Zone to be made a captive market for in-
ferior products, informed sources say.
When Panama's demands were not islet by
local U.S. officials, President de la Guardia
wrote a personal letter on this matter to
President Eisenhower and had it delivered
to him in Washington.
It was several weeks before Mr. Eisen-
hower answered. This disturbed Pana-
manians who expected an immediate reply,
The reply stated that the matter would be
Investigated and a report furnished.
Later, the acting American charge d'affaires
delivered to the Foreign Minister of Panama
an aide memoire (an unsigned statement
used in diplomatic circles) on the matter.
After deliberation, the Foreign Minister
refused to accept the aide memoire, alleging
that another personal letter from President
Eisenhower should be forthcoming as this
was on a President-to-President basis.
The Panama press was encouraged to con-
sider the delivery of the aide memorfie as a
slap at Panama's dignity. One of the most
influential men in this capital, who controls
many avenues of propaganda, said the slight
to the President was an Insult to every citi-
zen of Panama,
Newspapers blazed with the alleged affront,
which offended the dignidad of Panama.
Wire services reported the Panamanian re-
the came a personal note from Mr. Eisen-
hower o President de la Guardia. Pana-
ma clai d a moral victory; Washington
had been s wn it could not trifle with Pana-
ma, the news ers crowed.
If the Unite ^ erred in not under-
3tates
Z.atln-A erican dignidad, Panama
may have erred in verpiaying the incident,
raising anti-America sentiment to a new
Bernard Abrams, Elected National Com-
mander, Jewish War Veterans
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. CORNELIUS E. GALLAGHER
OF NEW JERSEY
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, August 14, 1959
Mr. GALLAGHER. Mr. Speaker, my
constituent, Mr. Bernard Abrams, of 60
Glenwood Avenue. Jersey City, N.J., has
just been elected national commander: of
the Jewish War Veterans. I would like
to call this fact to the attention of my
colleagues and to insert in the CoNGRES-
SIONAL RECORD an article about him
which appeared in the Jersey Journal,
of Jersey City, N.J. The article follows:
NEW JEWISH WAR VETERANS COMMANDER
MADE DECISION AT SEA
(By John Hoffman)
Bernard Abrams, of Jersey City, whose
vigorous campaign led to his election as
national commander of the Jewish War Vet-
Approved For Release 2006/02/07 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100077-4
 1959
Approved Fo 8fqj~~"S:NPWff07R P9kA~ SL0200100077-4
and Space Administration, the responsi-
bility should lie with the executive
branch because the House could not be
expected to grant automatically requests
for funds for agencies which were not
keeping the appropriate committees of
the Congress fully infomed of their
activities and plans. He used as proof
of this hampering secrecy the recent re-
port of the Senate Subcommittee on
Government Organization for Space
Activities, Committee on Aeronautical
and Space Sciences.
Let me say that the continuing battle
which Congress fights to keep itself fully
informed of what the executive branch
is doing is an important one, and that
the gentleman from California has made
a great contribution by his efforts in this
field. But at the same time, I wish to
make clear that. the House Committee
on Science and Astronautics has insist-
ed on being kept fully informed of the
activities of the National Aeronautics
and Space Administration, and that
agency has been fully and frankly co-
operative in its efforts to comply with
the wishes of this committee.
The extensive records and material
presented to this committee in the au-
thorization hearings before this commit-
tee, and all other contacts we have had
on virtually a daily basis with the NASA
reflect. credit on Dr. Glennan, the Ad-
ministrator, Dr. Dryden, the Deputy Ad-
ministrator, and Mr. Gleason, the Assist-
ant Administrator for Congressional Re-
lations, together with their staff. I am
safe in stating that when the Commit-
tee on Science and- Astronautics recom-
mended to the House the authorization
program it did, that these recommenda-
tions were on the basis of complete and
thorough study. The action taken by
the House on the appropriations what-
ever the reasons, represented the judg-
ment of the Members by majority vote,
but were not a reflection of any lack of
study or gaps in information on the part
of the committee of which I am chair-
man.
`Now I also want to say that-the re-
port of the Senate subcommittee to which
I have referred is an important study
which deserves close attention for the
thoughtful conclusions which it presents.
It would be my view that the Senate re-
port is correct in directing attention to
the needs for Congress to have greater
knowledge of how the detailed programs
of the NASA and the Department of De-
fense relating to space are coordinated in
the President's National Aeronautics and
Space Council. Despite the similarity of
name, the Space Cduncil is separate and
distinct from the Space Administration.
This committee has not received a clear
report of what the Council has been
doing. -
Because I have been well satisfied with
the ? cooperation received from NASA, I
would be greatly surprised to discover
that there has been any serious gap in
information supplied to this committee.
If there are any such ;gaps known to the
Members of this House. I should ap-
preciate having them called to the at-
tention of the chairman of the Commit-
tee on Science and Astronautics, and we
shall move swiftly to fill them.
Report From Moscow
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JOHN V. LINDSAY
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, July 15, 1959
Mr. LINDSAY. Mr. Speaker, the fol-
lowing will be of interest to my col-
leagues. It appeared in the most recent
issue of the weekly News Focus, volume
11-32, edited and published by Charles L.
Bartlett, who is also the Washington
reporter of the Chattanooga Times:
REPORT FROM MOSCOW -
(The following is excerpted from a report
by a U.S. labor economist, Vladimir D.
Chavrid, on his observations at the U.S.
exhibition in Moscow. Mr. Chavrid, who
was born in Russia, was assigned to the
exhibition by the Labor Department to an-
swer questions about the worker's life in
America.) -
I wish there were 20 American labor econ-
omists here familiar with American economic
life. All of them could be busy answering
thousands of questions of how the American
people, and especially the average American
worker, live. For the average Russian the
hunger for knowledge, for facts about Ameri-
cans, must be far greater than his hunger
for food.
The questions most frequently asked deal
with unemployment, wages, hours of work,
living conditions, social security, unemploy-
ment insurance, and many others in this
general area.
The attacks on the American way of life
lave been quite frequent and severe since
the beginning of the exhibition. For the
last few days, however, these have ceased
for some reason or other. (The report was
written just prior to the announcement of
Khrushchev's visit to the United States.)
To all of us, however, these attacks are one
of the real indications of the success of our.
exhibition.
Do the Russian people believe what we
tell them about America? -After being here
for several weeks and discussing with them
our way of life, both at the exhibition and
at other places, I am sure that the over-
whelming majority believe what we tell them
and what the exhibits show them.
At the Labor Department exhibit in the
dome when some controversial matter de-
velops between myself and some Russian
professional propagandist, the crowd invarl-
ably will side with me rather than with him.
These professional agitators invariably show
up as soon as a sizable group of people begin
to listen to my presentation.
For example the other day at the Labor
exhibit I was explaining to a group of some
50 Russians the American social security pro-
grams. The group was vitally interested.
Immediately a professional agitator broke
in and told the crowd that this social secu-
rity program did not apply to Negroes or
foreign-born persons, that opportunities for
these people in America were very poor.
This was an excellent opportunity for me
to tell the, crowd about myself-how I came
from Russian some 30 years ago and how
I was able to obtain an education in the
United States and also a responsible job
in the Labor Department. The agitator kept
breaking in that I had already answered his
question, but the crowd kept saying I should
tell about myself and other groups 'like my-
self in the United States. -
Frequently the agitator becomes embar-
rassed and disappears. It may be of interest
to know that as soon as the Russian visitors
A7045
learn that I was born in Russia of modest
parentage they are extremely sympathetic
and I could stay and talk there, as I often
do, for as long as 4 hours at a stretch. It
is often physically impossible to break, away
from the crowd.
When I leave the stand, many continue to
follow me asking questions that they might -
have been uneasy to ask In the presence
of the professional agitators. Many thank
me most profusely for answering their ques-
tions while others apologize for their pro-
fessional agitators. It is literally impossible
to stop and answer a single question of 1
Russian without attracting a crowd of 50 or
more Russians- within a few seconds. Such
is the hunger for knowledge about the United
States.
Conservation Reserve Program Booms
Production of Game Birds
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HENRY S. REUSS
OF WISCONSIN
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, August 5,1959
Mr. REUSS. Mr. Speaker, it is in-
teresting to note that at least one of the
agricultural programs of relatively recent
establishment is gaining support and
producing good results. I refer to the
soil bank conservation reserve program. -
While there is room for more progress,
the following article from the Milwaukee
Journal of Sunday, August 9, 1959, by
conservation writer Russ Lynch, shows
the beneficial results of the conservation
reserve program in Wisconsin:
SOIL BANK'S RESERVE LAND PROGRAM BOOMS
PRODUCTION 'OF GAME BIRDS
(By R. G. Lynch)
Pheasant populations are up In almost
every State. And it is no coincidence that
cropland has been going wild on farms in the
soil bank's conservation reserve at the same
time that the birds have been increasing in
the last 2 or 3 years.
Wisconsin this year has a sizable conserva-
tion reserve acreage for the first time (the
1959 signup tripled the total for preceding
years). So Wisconsin game managers.- and
sportsmen have reason to wonder what effect
nearly 500,000 acres of "wild" grass, scattered
over 9,000 farms, will have on upland game
in the next 5 or 8 years.
. The answerdepends in part on the extent
to which they can induce the landowners to
delay weed control until after nesting time,
to plant food patches and shrub cover, and
In ruffed grouse country, to seed clover along
with grass. -
HELPS PHEASANTS
J. R. Smith, State superintendent of game,
said last week that the most important im-,
pact of CR land would be to help restore
the pheasant population in the southeastern
counties, where last winter's heavy snow
killed off perhaps a quarter of the breeding
population. He also expects the rabbit pop-
ulation to benefit. -
Pheasants are down in the area southeast
of a line roughly drawn from Manitowoc to
Dodgeville. This includes intensively farmed
country where more grass cover could be im-
portant, particularly if it was undisturbed
during nesting.
Rock County, a top agricultural area, will
have more than 12,500 acres of grass, dis-
tributed over 203 farms, that cannot be
grazed or harvested for 5 years. In this
Approved For Release 2006/02/07 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100077-4
 A7046
Approved i/ 27%P0FMk
F%kQ
y5L000200100077-4 August 14
county, 158 whole farms have been retired
from prcductiob.
Jefferson County will have some 10,600
acres in CR grass on 231 farms; Walworth
County, 5,100 ames on 94 farms. Other
pheasant produci].g counties have compar-
able CR signups.
QUAIL COUNTRY, TOO
Some Iample counties in the quail coun-
try include Grants 13,800 acres on 284 farms;
Crawford, 9,100 acres on 127 farms; Richland.
3,200 acres on 73[ farms.
So far efforts do enlist CR farmers in a
wildlife program } ave been spotty and not
very successful. ! When county meetings
were held last fail to discuss CR regulations,
the conservation department and local clubs
were invited to uarticipate. Despite bad
weather, 3,211 persons attended the 71 meet-
ings. Some game managers proved to be
salesman but more were not. A few clubs of-
fered help for farrbers who would apply wild-
life practices.
But all the slgtups game managers and
sportsmen's clubs( obtained in-the 71 coun-
ties totaled only $07 acres, including 200 or
300 food patches] mostly of one-half to 5
acres. Half as m$ ny more were carried over
from preceding years.
Nick Calabress.1 who is program specialist
In charge of the k.oll bank, said, "I'm sure
the local clubs catr get a lot more coopera-
tion from the farmers if they make a real
effort, particularly If they offer some help."
UP III) SPORTSMEN
Smith, the Stake game chief, Intimated
that it would bej chiefly up to the clubs,
saying that conservation department per-
sonnel already had more programs than they
could handle effeoi.ively. "But we have put
in some time on the soil bank," he said. "and
will find men to wd:'k on it."
A landowner wht did not want to be named
told the writer that he had put In a food
patch and wildllf8 shrubs and from his ex-
perience judged {:,at not much would be
done by farmers without some help.
"It's a lot of bather and work," he said.
"I think it will We something like the tree
planting program.; That didn't make much
headway with farrt'ers until it was organized
and planting machines were available lo-
cally. If the Department or the clubs would
set up a definite ogram, and help, for food
patch and shrub p}canting, they'd maybe get
some results."
MANY 4ELP SHARPTAILS
Smith said that( CR land was not so Im-
portant for quail r ruffed grouse, although
clover seeding alone with grass could benefit
the grouse.
"There'll be a 4:IIn In nesting areas and
edge," he said, "b t the loss of grazed wood-
land will more ti-sn offset it. Woodland
grazing Increases 1ruffed grouse habitat as
much asloto1.
"But the OR m help sharptails, particu-
larly along the Ltke Superior shore in the
clay courtry. A$e for acre that land is
more productive I'o sharptails than the sand
country, but the increase of farming has
driven the birds it. Now they may come
back."
3
A Matter of Dollars and Cents
EX'r ENST4,T OF REMARKS
DF
HON. J. CtRLTON LOSER
OF h'E:NNESSRE
IN THE HOUSE, OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, iugust 10, 1959
Mr. LOSER. Mr. Speaker, under leave
to extend my re>hlarks in the CONGRES-
SIONAL REcoRD, I ,am inserting an article
from the Nashville Tennessean, written
by an excellent reporter and editorial
writer, Mr Gene Graham, who is begin-
ning a series of interpretative articles
designed to explain subject of local and
national interest.
This article deals with a lawsuit in
the U.S. District Court for Middle Ten-
nessee, al Nashville. Three Federal
judges, all Tennesseans, will conduct the
trial and rule upon the Matter of reap-
pointment in Tennessee which was not
decided by the State general assembly.
The article follows:
A MATTER CF DOr.LARS AND CENTS--TEN AND
ONE-HALF MILLION DOLLARS IS SIPHONED
FROM DA"moore TAXPAYERS EVERY YEAR-
THREE JUDGES MAY HOLD THE ANswsa
(By Gene Graham)
A lawsuit of historic and national signifi-
cance will begin In Nashville shortly.
It Is one which Is destined to keep the eyes
of a nation riveted firmly, upon a solemn,
mahogany-paneled courtroom on the eighth
floor of the Federal building here.
For at la.ue In this milestone American
legal clash are problems complex and com-
mon among all the Nation's States-even
the two new ones which moved from terri-
torial to stftehood status this year.
Basically, the issue Is one of equity. It is
commonly known by the somewhat cumber-
some name of legislative reapportionment.
Vast pops lation upheavals growing out of
the postwar years In America are behind it,
although the trend really began to a less
noticeable degree before World War II.
Lx 'LODINC URBAN CENTERS
That population has expanded-and it has
shifted as the desert sands, forming huge
human drifts upon the archaic governmental
structure c.f America's exploding urban
centers.
With the mechanization of farms and the
rapid indusi rlal expansion of two and It half
decades now, humans in massive numbers
have left a rural society to become dwellers
of large m.tropiolitan centers. once-small
cities which now move toward the metropoli-
tan status, and once-rural towns which can
no longer to so classified.
But they have left their State governments
behind.
All over America--not just In Tennessee--
they have left the same number of legislators
representing the same territorial limits,
limits within which, unfortunately, the peo-
ple no longer live in such proportions as
they did when States were being hewn of a
wilderness.
OLD SAM CRIED "TYRANNY"
By the sane token, the same number of
legislators represent the narrow territorial
confines of modern metropolises which once
were not. In truth, it 1s a condition similar,
if not identlmI, to the one which caused old
Sam Adams to cry out "Taxation without
representation is tyranny" upon colonial
streets, sparking the tinder of revolution.
The world is calmer today. This issue is
thus joined in the hushed forum of Amer-
ican juripru.lence. The trial, as announced
Thursday, will be conducted by three dis-
tinguished federal judges, all Tennesseans.
They are Federal Sixth Circuit Judge John
D. Martin, 8r,. Memphis, who only last week
stepped dow.i as presiding judge of, though
remaining upon, the Cincinnati-based appel-
late court; District Judge Marion S. Boyd,
Memphis;-D strict Judge William E. Miller,
Nashville, whose rejection of a State motion
to dismiss the lawsuit earlier in the week set
the stage for the legal test.
"We look forward to this lawsuit with the
notion that Tennessee is upon the thresh-
old of a great and long-overdue govern-
mental reform of pioneering proportions and
national Implications," said Z. T. Osborn Jr.,
Nashville attorney and one of three who will
represent the parties suing the State for
fair play.
NO COMMENT
George McCanless, State attorney general,
declined comment yesterday. McCanless, in
his official capacity, will defend the State,
which has insisted reapportionment is a mat-
ter for the legislature alone to decide, just
as the Tennessee Supreme Court previously
held.
The suit will be adjudicated, of course,
on the grounds of equity and that alone.
But behind the issue,of equitable represen-
tation is one of tax dollars and cents, just
as It was taxes which prompted Adams' out-
burst against Great Britain two centuries
ago.
Using Davidson County as an example, here
is that story:
Perhaps few people realize today the de-
gree to which the State has become a tax-
collecting agency for local governments.
Not counting its receipts last year from Fed-
eral sources, the State collected-in State
taxes-$270,914,354. It redistributed to
counties, cities and local school districts
more than half of that amount, $140.442,548.
Part of this was what is called local-share
taxes, e.g., gasoline, Income, alcohol, beer,
etc. A much larger portion, not strictly
State-share in nature, is doled out for edu-
cation in the form of State grants-in-aid.
And due to the balance of legislative power
being firmly entrenched with rural counties,
those shares-the plaintiffs complain-are
grossly out of kilter.
In Davidson's case, just how much is this
true-or is it?
Davidson County. according to the studies
of the nonpolitical and statewide Tennessee
Taxpayers Association, paid $38,178,924 in
taxes last year. That represented 14.1 per-
cent of the total-or 14.1 cents of every State
tax dollar collected.
Of this, the State returned to Davidson
(including the cities of Nashville, Belle
Meade, Berryhill, and Oak Hill) $9,882,834-
or 2.6 of those 14.1 cents. Retained by the
State was 11.5 cents.
Since 48 percent of the State income was
not redistributed, this means 5.5 of David-
son's 14.1 cents was used by the State as
Davidson's strictly percentagewise share of
financing such statewide functions as wel-
fare, roads, etc. That leaves 6 of Davidson's
pennies to be accounted for.
WHO TRADES WHERE?
The TTA also estimates, based upon its
studies, that 15 percent of Davidson's 14.1
cents was paid by outlying counties, by
trade area shoppers who converge upon their
natural trading center, which obviously de-
sires that trade. This accounts for 2.1 cents,
leaving 3.9 cents as the nearest figurable
amount which Davidson County Invests In
State government without direct return.
Reduced to pennies, this sounds small.
But when considered in the light of
total State collections-$270.9 millions-It
amounts to $10,565,100 a year.
Davidson's local governments, forced this-
year to make vast increases In its tax rates,
look upon that money with a view to what
just a portion of It could do in meeting the
community's great problems-sewers, ex-
panding schools, parks, slum eradication.
Some argue the TTA's estimate that out-
lying counties pay 15 percent of Davidson's
contribution to State taxes Is too low. No
exact figures can be given, but,the TTA
counters with the argument that the biggest
chunk of the sales tax, for example, comes
from the sale of food, which almost invaria-
bly is purchased at home. And it can be
shown, too, that the 1-cent share rebated to
cities from the 7-cent gasoline tax does not
approach the amount actually collected in
Tennessee's cities and growing towns.
Approved For Release 2006/02/07 : CIA-RDP91-00965R000200100077-4