PRINCETON IN THE CIA'S SERVICE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP88-01315R000100020001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 115
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 10, 2006
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: November 12, 1979
• Content Type: NSPR

ARTIC1 Ai proved For R s /O1J3 PJ&1 P88-01315R0 0100020001-4
nN PACE,12 NOVEMBER 1979
There 1s-nothing covert about the CIA employment
interviews taking place today in Clio Hall.' But that.
should not deceive any of us about the nature of the
As citizens of the United States, weneed to be aware
of the actions the.CIA carries out.in our name. -As
Princeton-students and-faculty,; we must understand
th
hi
y o
A
o
e
stor
covert CI
intrusi
ns into ourcamp;
-us activity.which is still permitted bythe universitytoday.
From Iran (1953); Guatemala (1954) and the Congo
(1960), to Chile (1973) and Angola (1975), the CIA has
made it its . business t9 overthrow governments and to
install (or attempt to install),dictatorial .regimes
sympathetic to United States, business. and military
.. f ;
interests.
These:. interventions are not merely the dark un-
derside of American foreign policy.; Rather, they
reflect the mainstream of establishment through from
World War II to the present, a consensus which has
been nourished u:respectable institutions such as this
university. Notcoincidentally, there is also a long and
multi-faceted.tradition of Princeton in the CIA's
service.
From Allen W.' Dulles '14 .(later a'Princeton
trustee), who was the CIA's first director, to William
E. Colby '40, who played a key. role in. the CIA's secret
war in Laos, .;.inthe 1973 "destabilization". -of
democratic government in Chile, . and in. the Phoenix
program of-torture and' murder it~Xiefnam, and who
was CIA -director from 1973 to 1975; Princeton-.has
been a. particularly fertile; breeding. ground. forthe,
agency, right up to theApresent Deputy Director, Frank:
u
J. Carlucci 52 as
CIA recnutmenvat Princeton has benefited frgm
the activeparticipatton of university, officials. Former.
1976 to The Dmly'Princetonwn, " .We are aware of the`
kinds-of people the' CIA-looks for and when'we rung
into the type we tell. them to send a resume." 9
But not all CIA recruiting at .Princeton' has'
conducted through Career Services Anarticle inthe
Trenton Times of February 12, 1975;4 reported the
story of a Princeton senior summoned in: the late
1960's to meet with the dean of students, at that time
the university's, chief disciplinarian: "However;' Dean
William D'O Lippincott '41 had other. things than
aiscipune on ms mipa
'I understand you've ben interviewing with the
CIA,' the dean said. The senior found the question
perplexing. It was true that he had applied for a job at
the intelligence agency, but officials there had insisted
on complete confidentiality.,How had, the-_ dean. of
"The answer was soonforthcorning `Youzsee
student- recalls Lippincott saying, ':'I'm-,,with the
agency And I thought we might havea talk's con,
fidentcat; of curse about its work.' '
VIN
-A spy In our midst 4
The CIA announced last year that it will continu'the- secret recruiting` of foreign students at American
universities. Such students have been used to report'on
the political", activities of their:. compatriots.. These
reports are 'often communicated to secret police
agencies abroad .with potentially dangerous con
Foreign students' fears about CIA spying are not
merely conjectural. In May 1967; the Woodrow
Wilson School was forced to admit that' several
students had been working covertly for the CIA while
participating in the school's summer program abroad.
Embarrassed WWS officials responded by issuing a
ban on "any covert intelligence activity while the
student is enrolled in school" (The Washington Post, .
May 4, 1967).. The policy apparently applies, however,
only to WWS graduate- students, not. to its un--
dergraduatesor professors
According to Dean of the College Joan Girgus (The
Daily Princetonian, October 24 1978), Princeton
University has no, specific prohibition against te
covert' recruitment of foreign students. In - contra s, %
Harvard President Derek C. Bok has taken a firm-`
public- stand against covert +CIA 'activity -`on his:;
campus, charging it threatens "the integrity. and in
dependence of the academic community." a i a t
Princeton professors have been involved with the;"
CIA in many - different capacities. -Former history
professor "Joseph Strayer; for example, took a year?s._,
1 a osence'4rom Princeton 1a work : at..CIA
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headquarters in Maclean;" Virginia, and also worked Torture was the standard operating procedure of
there several summers. Phoenix. "Everybody who was there accepted torture
Paul Sigmund, professor of politics, cofounded (in as routine," said Robert F. Gould, Colby's- legal
1958) and served as Executive officer of the CIA- advisor in Saigon. "I never knew an individual to be
funded Independent Research Service, which compiled detained as a `Viet Cong' suspect who ever lived
;:political dossiers on participants in World Youth through an interrogation," testified K. Barton-
Festivals. Since the other cofounder, Gloria Steinem, Osborn, a former agent handler for Phoenix.
admitted in The New York Times (February 21, 1967) 'The CIA has also been actively infringing human"
that "the CIA. has been a major source of funds" for rights at home - for example, in the MK-Chaos
the organization, it is highly unlikely that Sigmund program which involved ? keeping secret- files,' on
was unaware of the.CIA connection. thousands of U.S. citizens "suspected", of political
A dark area of CIA involvement at Princeton is that activity. Deputy Director Carlucci said in a seminar at
of covert research . In'. 1977,, it was revealed that Princeton last Friday (November 9, 979) that the-
Princeton professors had participated in MK-ULTRA, program had been "pared back" sine its notorious
hallucinogenic?drugs., ThetU.S:~Senate Select Com-
results of ;, its; investigation? into CIA university abroad, a number of, questions can raised about
research,. however, stating:. that the CIA. considere present CIA campus activity
.ducational activities `;perhaps-its most'sensitive,' First, in November, 1978, itewas revealed, that.
In its thirty-two, year history, the CIA. has exhibited University from 1955 to'1966, had wor ed for the CIA
a consistent pattern of participation- in, coups,. during'the entire time he was president. The Princeton
assassinations, torture-training, and subversion of University community has the right o demand of
people's fundamental` right to .-self=determination. President Bowen that he state, for the record, whether
Although this history is - too< long' and extensive to -he or.,anyone in his administration does now or has
review, here, two examples of CIA activities should ever worked for the CIA.
.,illuminate the nature of theAgency's means and ends ? Second, the only rule at Princeton concerning CIA
On September 11, .1973, democracy in Chile was intelligence operations is that faculty so engaged
overthrown in a. bloody military coup. The military . should tell their department chairman. Moreover the
junta'which then seized power has since suppressed all Princeton rules for secret research are so loose as to
democratic freedoms, murdered approximately 30,000 1 permit the MK-ULTRA experiments to take place
of its own citizens, and jailed and. tortured tens of today. We should ask whether faculty work with- a
thousands more., \: , 3 covert organization does not undermine the very
This - coup followed a CIA.',--c ampaign to principles of academic openness which Princeton
the 1975 staff' report of the 4 U.S.. Senate.. Select,'---;,- Finally, both graduate and undergraduate students,
Committee on Intelligence, "Covert U S.; involvement should look carefully at this organization, which has_
in Chile in' the' decade between 1963 and 1973*as consistently and willfully; broken the laws; of. the
extensive and ~continuous.: . It financed: activities ;`United` States and has committed: countless crimes.-
covering a broad :' spectrum, from-'simple propaganda :'against humanity, in violation of international law:
manipulation ofthe press to large-scale support for We should ask - whether we want toyparticipate, in
Chilean political, parties , to, direct attempts to dividuall
y or. as members of an institution, in
foment a military camp " f F r 9 `~'~ ovidinga forum for the marketing of the CIA. ~N 71
But no rebirth from the ashes
"Operation Phoenix" in Vietnam, the brainchild of
William E. _ Colby '40 ' displays ' anotherof the CIA's,
specialties: ` assassination.' While s statistics on?.-the-
numbers detained, killed, and `"rallied" to the Saigon
government'--under Phoenix vary ftorn, source
source,DeputyAssistant Secretary of Defense Dennis
Doolin ? admitted"_'that at least 26,369 South. Viet
namese civilians were' killed through the operation
while it- was under direct American control (January
1968 through August 1972).
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DETROIT NEWS
5 October 1979
'Srt'. guarded
MSU expects
l- of 'Blues'
EAST LANSING -- Michigan State University was on ly. One student rose and was about to leave
`'
.
.
alert today over reports that spies were hi the area from "I didn't intend to discourage you;" he said..'
tlogsrx' football team'-laid lixw for. BoK$ lens _~ And so as clouds move over the campus today there
b
oys for the big gamertomorTow a .: SpartaakStati um.
St
d
t
' `
u
en
s were check out.
l ose reseinbliagvoddcrea-
' tures were detained fd:gnestivzttng`~ '* > r
These reports of covert-operations; theu'gunfound
ed, nevertheless were intensified by aijart%rIe in Octo--
'
tier
s Penthouse magazine that. CIA University, the Uni-
vcrsity of Florida, George 1Vashinggton
University. Harvard University. the Uni-
versity of Houston; the University of
Illinois, Indiana University. the Johns
'Invasion of Privacy' '
To protect its sources in such re-
search, Judge Obcrdorfer suggested
that the C.I.A. might properly classify
the records on the grounds that their
release could constitute a "clearly
unwarranted invasion of privacy" of
individual researchers.
As for universities, the jitdgc said.
their names also might he classified
under a Presidential order that gives
Technology. McGill University. the Uni-
vcrsity of Minnesota, Monian:l State Col-
Icgc, the Ohio Stale University, the Uni- -
versity of Oklahoma. the University of
Pennsylvania. Pennsylvania State Univer-
sity. Princeton University, Queens Cot-
Jegc i.f the City University of New York.
Rutgers University, the University of
Itirt,.n,.nd. Starlor,J University Sch..,.il or
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of Wisconsin.
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 ARTICLE ABWppmeed For Releasd 2001Sf4136Q -RD'I'81 T348RTObMboo
ON PAGE9 August 1979
CIA Given Until Oct. I
To Disclose Coile es
Drug Experiments
By Allan Frank
Washington Star S_aff %Vriter
Two Washington-area activists seeking to force
disclosure of the CIA's use of universities for con-
troversial drug and human behavoir experimenta-
tion have won a limited victory in their Freedom
of Information Act suit.
U.S. District Judge Louis Oberdorfer yesterday
ordered the CIA to disclose the names of the uni-
versities involved in the CIA program, code-
named MK-ULTRA, to two Ralph Nader associates,
John Cary Sims and Dr. Sidney M. Wolfe.
However, Oberdorfer said he would give the CIA
until Oct. 1 to disclose those names and advised
the agency how to classify the names of the
schools involved under other laws.
- The judge suggested that the CIA might
properly classify the records because their release
- could constitute a "clearly unwarranted invasion
__ of privacy" of the individual researchers. Ober-
dorfer said the CIA should contact all researchers
involved and ask whether each one objected to re-
lease of his or her name.
. He added that the names of institutions also
might be reclassified properly under a presiden-
tial order which allows the CIA director to classify
matters "in the interest of national defense or for-
eign policy."
The CIA has released the names of about two-
thirds of the schools involved, but has declined to
release the others, as well as the names of many of
the researchers.
Among the schools that did not object to the dis-
closure of their names in connection with the ex-
perimentation programs that were begun in the
1950s and ended in 1972 were Cornell, Harvard,
Michigan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology,
Princeton and Stanford.
In an affidavit CIA Director Stansfield Turner
claimed that the identities of the schools and re-
searchers should not be disclosed because such
revelations would compromise CIA "sources and
methods."
Oberdorfer had earlier ruled that the CIA could
not properly claim that the schools and research-
ers were "intelligence sources."
"Oberdorfer-wrote that "the present situation
.. involves behavorial-research that was carried
on, for the most part, at American universities,
with the witting or unwitting participation of
American students, for a purpose which may be
collateral to the main business of intelligence, and
to an uncertain result."
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RADIO TV REPORTS, INC.
PROGRAM Morning Sound: News STATION WHUR-FM Radio
July 30, 1979 8:00 AM
Washington, D. C.
CIA and Its Links to American Colleges
ADRIANNE FELTON: Congress is also working on legislation
that could prohibit CIA surveillance on American campuses. That
legislation brought the Campaign for Political Rights to Capitol
Hill yesterday to brief college students on the. violations of
rights of privacy that often occur.
Morton Halperin, head of the Center for National Security
Studies and a former special assistant to Henry Kissinger, told
students they might be having a conference with a teacher con-
cerning classwork when, in fact, the information may be directed
to the CIA to blackmail students into working for them.
MORTON HALPER I N: The CIA has now admitted that it has
secret relationships with university professors, administrators
and some students. The CIA uses those contacts in order to get
information which it uses to recruit people to work covertly for
the CIA. These are primarily foreign students, although, in
some cases, the CIA has also used this network of secret contacts
to gather information about American students and about American
professors.
This means that on over a hundred American college cam-
puses there are secret CIA spies in secret contact with the CIA,
and secretly gathering gathering information about the private
lives and political views of their students.
FELTON: ...students at colleges and universities to try
and force the institutions they attend to spell out specific ground
rules for CIA and other intelligence activities on America's cam-
puses.
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OFFICES iN NE// YORK ? LOS ANGELES ? Crin.:AGO ? DETROIT ? AND OTHER PRINCIPAL CITIES
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(IRTICLE APPEARED
O AGE
THE DAILY TEXAN (U. of Texas
25 July 1979
By LYNNE NIEMIEC
Six CIA operatives are:
working out of a Dallas at-
torney's office to covertly
recruit students to act as in-
formants, a former CIA agent
aid last Friday.
John Stockwell, a 12-year.
member of: the CIA, and
former chief of the Angolan
Task Force, said the
Operatives cover: all
Southwest Conference schools
and Louisiana State
University.
Professors working for the
CIA set up interviews with
students, Stockwell said.
While students are unaware
the interviews are with the
CIA, Stockwell added that
nearly all the professors in-
volved are aware of the pur-
pose of the interviews.
"Third World elite students
and students about to study in i
foreign countries" are prime
candidates for CIA recruit-
ment, Stockwell said.
Students are told by
the operatives that they will
be acting as consultants for a
large company planning to in-
vest large amounts of money
in the student's home country.
Students who agree to act as
consultants are not told they
have. been acting as infor-
mants until they are too in-
volved to get out of- the
arrangement, Stockwell add-
ed.
Stockwell quit the CIA in
1977 and was offered a job as a
covert student recruiter
before quitting.
Stockwell said the
operatives rotate campuses to
keep from becoming known.
Various cover stories and
business credentials are used
in each visit.
STOCKWELL SAID{
Money is no problem in CIA
operations and some
professors who deliver top
candidates are paid as much
as $1,000 per month.
Stockwell said, however,
that the "Walter Mitty fac-
tor" is the main reason
professors become involved in
the recruitment program.
"What can be more satisfying
than to have a real secret
life," Stockwell said. "People
like to feel a little more im-
portant than they are."
Dale Patterson, chief. of
media relations for CIA,]
headquarters in Langley, Va.,
said Tuesday, "I have no com-
ment whatsoever about..the
program."
KARL SCIiMITT, chairman
of the government depart- 4
meat, said he had never heard
of the program, as did other
University professors. and
department spokesmen.
Stockwell said he believes
the CIA should be shut down
because "secrecy doesn't]
breed quality. Secrecy breeds 1
.Mistakes.,"-
"It is common for the CIA,
to be off in its intelligence in-
formation," Stockwell said... 4
Stockwell said he believes in f
what he calls the "Allen
Dulles school of intelligence."
That school holds that "the
operative should be known by
the people so the people know I
who to tell secrets to," he add- 11
Stockwell said he does not
believe the oath of secrecy
that CIA agents take is valid
and said it. is "used to in-
timidate and suppress by the
CIA."
"It is preposterous. It's im-1
possible. You can't sign-I
someone at 25 and then expose {
them to crimes and then wave'
a piece of paper at. them. It/
wouldn't stand up in. court.;. t
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A, T I CT.E APFx:.1F?P.D
1 1 L L V L L Ll L. U i i C1- ? U V 1 1~ i 1 V iU L~ l i v 1 t
0i3 PAGz.--~" 10 May 1979
Readers write
In the report ["Role'of the campus with CIA
sets off heated debate"] on the CIA and aca-.
demia, I was mistakenly credited with charges
and positions I had not made nor taken.
For the record, I argued that the presence of
CIA employees as administrators and teachers
on our university and college campuses is a
conflict of interest and detrimental to the usual
function of our institutions of higher learning. I
did- not charge, that Georgetown University was
remiss in fulfilling its pledge to enforce-stan-
dards of noninvolvement with the CIA; I have
not seen those' standards in print.
Secondly, I did not charge that the Ferdowsi
University Project with Georgetown was in I
fact a cover operation for clandestine political
activities; I have not seen nor possess. evi-
dence to even suggest the charge.
While I shared a platform with others at a
Georgetown University forum on the CIA and
academia, I did not share many of the- posi-'
tions or opinions of the- other speakers. The
mistake in attributing the charges to me may
have resulted from the misleading title- for the
evening as well as the -implied charges by
other speakers. _
The high standards of reporting usually
found in the Monitor are not marred in 'my
opinion by the story in question. I only ask that--'
the corrections be duly noted and more cov-
erage be given in the press. to the issue of,
_onflict of interests."
Thomas U. Ricks,
Department of Ilistory-.
Washington Georgetown University
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Appr ve or a ease - - -
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The CIA on American
Campuses: Massachusetts
Institute of Technology
Editor's Note: M.I.T. has become the latest in a growing line of
American universities to reexamine the relationship between the
intelligence community and the academic community.' The
M.I.T. Report provides a detailed and thoughtful discussion of
some of the problems, conflicting values, and solutions. The
excerpts which are reprinted below explain why the covert
intelligence role is in fact a serious threat to the well-being of the
academic community.
But a Few words should also be said about another, related set
of problems, which the Report does not deal with directly but
which are reflected everywhere in its recommendations that
academics exercise caution. For instance, while one recommenda-
tion that we reprint makes it clear that no one connected with
NI.LT. should knowingly become a covert operative for the CIA,
the Report's discussion of gray areas shows that there is a limit to
what the well-intentioned academic can do in the. Face of the intel-
ligence-community's clandestine habits.
How, for example, is an academic to know if a State Depart-
ment official who wants to chat about some foreign country is
really a CIA operative using a State Department cover? And how
is an academic to decide what to do when a friendly and knowl-
edgeable contact is rumored to be a CIA agent? Or, in the case of
recr uitrnent, an academic might offer information about students
to an intelligence operative using a private organization as cover.
In such situations, safeguarding academic freedom depends not
only on the good faith of the academic community, but on the
willingness of the clandestine agencies to abide by university
guidelines.
This brings us to the context in which the M.I.T. Report, like
comparable sets of university guidelines around the country, ap-
pears. When Harvard University became the first institution to
follow the Church Committee's recommendation and to set up
guidelines for the members of its community to follow, it also
became embroiled in drawn out discussions with the CIA. In
these, CIA Director Stansfield TL,i-ner has made it clear that the
CIA will not honor the standards set up by a university. Ap-
parently, if the Agency can induce professors, administrators, or
students knowingly to violate a university code of conduct, the
CIA will do so. And that being the case, it goes without saying
that the Agency's options with unwitting academics are likewise
open.
The M.I.T. Report does not mention the Turner intransigence,
but its discussion of gray areas implicitly acknowledges that the
CIA will not cooperate with university guidelines. As it stands,
the hapless academic cannot determine who is or is not a CIA
agent. Only CIA agents know who they are, and if they are
under instructions to disregard university guidelines, the integrity
and reputation of American institutions of learning will be com-
promised in the world community.
And indeed, as the M.I.T. Repgrralsq pgints ou
hose excerpts are
Connnittee on %I.r
(April in ?.11sssacll
1April11. 19'9, Vc
INTERIM
AD HO
MIT ANL
AGENCIES
By Ketmeth Huffnia,t, cJtairinim: Louis Me,uoid III: Ascher H.
Shapiro; Phvlli; A. Wallace: ,tilvro,t Weiser acrd John X1. WyPote.
The MIT Report defines the critical issues:
There are a few issues, however, which almost uniquely
involve our relations with intelligence agencies, and with
the Central Intelligence Agency in particular. Most of these
concern the clandestine recruitment and/or surveillance of
foreign citizens who are members of the MIT community.
In our opinion, these are simultaneously the most serious
issues we face and the most difficult ones to deal with.
The MIT Report cites responsibilities
_.within the academic community:
As a second principle we cite the need to maintain a high level
of mzitra+l trust among the members of our university community.
Without it, the kind of openness we seek is not possible. We
would like to comment on three aspects of the trust we should
have in one another.
(i) The foundation of this trust is the knowledge that the .
primary dedication of each member is to the intellectual
enterprise which we pursue. Hidden motives tend to break
down the bonds of trust that open communication
requires. This is true whether the hidden motive is the
coveting of personal gain and recognition or the patriotic
desire to help an outside agency gather information about
other members of the community. The special kind of
openness which surrounds our activities is something
which requires a very special kind of dedication, a dedica-
tion which is almost total.
(ii) Members of our academic community should be able to
rely on the fact that the views they express, whether they
be on physics, philosophy or politics, will be judged in the
community solely on the basis of their intellectual merit
and will be used only as part of the intellectual enterprise.
Should we become aware, for example, that some
17 y CIA-RDP ~ p Ktica views 1iich~ other transmitting had ex-
had the experience of foreign sources refusing to discuss matters pressed in the course of our ongoing dialogue, it would be
of scholarly interest for fear that the scholar was really working quite destructive of trust. -
 Appro\ Fg YJgP26bgM1/36 RikbF 86'Ail 0001 00020001 -4
scholarl'Iff a 99%ralSal OT AMeTICa
as. sa'ssinations
By John Jacobs
University of California at Berkeley professor
Peter Dale: Scott's first love is writing poetry,
teaching Chaucer and ? Dante and engaging in
medieval scholarship.
But his concept of what a: scholar should do in
the 20th century has. led him into far more
current and controversial subjects over the last 15
years: the assassination of John F. Kennedy and
the role of. the CIA in the major events of our
time
.And his work has become must reading for
serious students of the assassinations : in this
country since 1963 and the role of the CIA.-
A 1976 book he helped edit and contributed to
is titled,'?rhe Assassinations: Dallas and Beyond
- A Guide to Cover-Ups and Investigations." A
hot-selling 'paperback of a few years' back,
'They've Killed the President, They've Killed the
President,"; written by '`journalist Robert Sam
Anson,, was based in large part on an unpublished
manuscript by Scott. And he's narrated network
specials on the assassination for. the Canadian
Broadcasting Corp.
.A professorial looking man of 50, given to
wearing corduroy and'' tweeds with elbow
patches, Scott is of medium height and size, with
brown hair, a gray-brown beard- and sparkling
blue eyes. He was born In Canada and spent four
years in the Canadian foreign service, including
two years with the High Commission in Warsaw,
Poland. .
He also has a Ph.D. in political science - an
unusual credential for an English professor. But
after publishing two. essays on the "Medieval-
Latin Pastoral," he moved from the Rhetoric
Department to English,. where he later became
tenured:
Scott says the evolution of his thinking and
research follows a logical progression, predicated
on "what the role should be of a leisured scholar
in society.'
"One should: use that'rleisure- to 'combat
ignorance," he said in an' interview in his office
on the fourth. floor of Wheeler Hall on the UC
campus,-where: he :sat surrounded: by...books,
notes, ..manuscripts,.,, fI e.,, cabinets and., news-
clippings; "There was.' a lot."of`ignorance`. about the':
Vietnam -War, so it wae'right for, the faculty to=
take a stand against It. -Support for the-war was
based, on ignorance, so it was correct for scholars
to write books exposing, conscious misstatements
of fact
"I was very naive. at first. I felt that if I wrote
to the State Department`: and'. The New York
position of th
correct it. Bu
books."
- Scott's first
authored with
and Reginald
Escalation in
said, led him
in the war,
assassination,
itself. -.
The Ke
from Vietn
was made:
them they had the negotiating
North Vietnamese wrong. they'd
they. didn't and that led to the
k on the subject, which he co
UC professors Franz Schurmann
ietnam.". His research there, he
consider the role the CIA played
particularly after the Kennedy
d from there to the assassination
ober 1963 to withdraw 1,000 troops
On Nov. 20 the announcement
And two d' hys after that, Scott says;' a- secret
-Defense "Department memo was approved.::
with heavy CIA participation - that significantly
changed the nature of American commitment to.
Vietnam. He_ says the 1,000 troops were never
withdrawn --Y "Me first real commitment to. win the
Vietnam war was made on Nov 24," he said. "It
wasn't a 180-degree shift, but it was a significant
shift in the language of commitment."
Scott also says that, before his death, Kennedy
was also toying with the idea of a rapprochement
with Fidel Castro, ' following the disaster of the
Bay of Pigs, the tension of the Cuban missile
' risis the year before and covert attempts by the
CIA and Cuban nationals to subvert their
revolution.
The professor says he -doesn't believe there
was any one single motive for the killing, but
noted that both Vietnam and Cuba "were..
important symbols of prolonging the Cold War
and most upsetting to interests in this country
appalled by what Kennedy was doing."
Of all the- assassinations of public figures in
the Us and early '70s, at least five were politically
motivated, he says. John Kennedy, Robert
Kennedy, Malcolm X,Martin Luther King Jr. and
George Wallace....: i
- .-There was a period in U.S. history when
assassinations'- were-:used: to determine, ~til
outcome of elections," he says.., "In 1964 John
Kennedy was.taken out. In 190 Robert Kennedy
was taken out And in 1972 George Wallace was
taken out" Std':. ~.i'..!Y..: '.... -.. nl.-- t'?. :'-eta-F'.: }-. '3. :.
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 25X1
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MICHIGAN DAILY
18 March 1979
The following is an editorial
from the Florida Alligator, the
student newspaper at the
University of Florida in
Gaineseville: Beginning today,
this space will be reserved for
comments from other student.
newspapers "across the coun-
try. This week's article focuses
on the school's! involvement
with the Centr rl Intelligence
Agerdy-. I I= t
No mystique ire our
national security
Editorial from the University
of Florida student newspaper
strikingly clear when brought
down
to-the-podunk level of a
y
state 'university and its student
TormWicker puts'it rather nic- `:'newspaper. The Alligator un-,
ely; overed last month the existence
In dissecting th aura of decep- of the first CIA grant award-
tion surroundin then "national . ed o' UF researchers in
columnist for frhe New. York ducting research which the CIA
Times spends uch space in. his eventually hopes to use in
book On. Press; shooting holes in , developing a lie detector test that
the government's favorite claim probes the secrecy of the brain.'
to secrecy. Wicker says:
THE NATIONAL security
mystique 1goes so- little
challenged, in or out of gover-
nment'... The record of Viet-
nam alone ought sufficiently to
discredit he notion of gover-
nment it fallability and-the
assumption of selfless virtue. But
it hasn't. The mystique per-
sists :'..
The validity of the veteran
journalist's observations As
The hesitancy of UF officials to
release, upon Alligator demand,
the research proposal drafted by
the three UF scientists puts Tom
Wicker's contentions in an in-
teresting light.
.. UF administrators withheld
the, proposal for a full
week-against the Florida Public
Records Law-while debating the
merits of publicizing the resear-
IN BUYING time, Tigert brass
warned of giant cancellations and
the revealing the proposal we had
so diligently requested. "If the
enemy were to get hold of the
principle (of.the research), war-
ned official spokesman Hugh
Cunningham, "then the enemy
could then begin to pursue coun-
teractivemethods."
Nonsense. "The enemy" no
doubt already is well aware of
what the CIA is studying. The
CIA did not . even bother
classifying the OF document top
secret. And the proposal, as it
later developed after OF brass
hats relinquished the document,
had little to say in terms of CIA
intent anyway.
Wicker notes:
TILE NATIONAL. security
myth "persisits,- too, despite
evidence of how often the phrase
is used, merely ' for purposes of
covering up what an ad-
ministration does not want to t
known.
"It's persistence of course. is i
some degree owing to the fac
that there is a national securil
and there are some secrets vit;
to it. But this truism is consistei
tly blown out of all proportion I
what are probably relatively fe
secrets vital to nation"
security."
THAT UF scientists are cot
ducting experiments. for the Cl,
is at, least disconcerting, but i
.view of academic:' freedom an
the good. that can 'come out c
some research', we find it difficu:
to advocate any prohibitions.
The official UF preference fo
the national security mystique i
this case, however, is moor
.disturbing. - The OF. facult
senate should consider pushin
-for the establishment of a star
ding committee that review
such UF reseach proposals
thereby providing a procedur
for public notification.
If an institution of enlightmen
and learning is going to conduc
research 'for an agency o
questionable moral and eethica
integrity, the public at leas
;ought to have the right to knob
about the.. relationship., Th
;national - security mystiqu.
should not be allowed to hideit.
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 25X1
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THE STANFORD DAILY
Stanford university
20 February 1979
By Mark Nassutti It is almost impossible fora profes-
The CIA has refused to admit that it sor or a student to know they are
covertly recruits foreign students on being approached by a CIA agent,
college campuses in the United Halperin said. If they do realize what
States because, "if the American 'is going on, Halperin said, they usu-
public finds out what they are doing, ally have difficulty making specific
they will be forced to stop what they. accusations. "People are sp-
are doing," Morton Halperin, presi- proached in such an elliptic..-) wtiay that
dent of the Center for National Sec you don't know what you've really
urity Studies, told an audience of refused," he explained.
about 150 persons in Terman Au- Halperin said that sometimes pro-
ditoriurn Friday afternoon. fessors are asked openly by CIA
,'`'.any colleges and universities agents to assist in recruiting foreign
prohibit covert recruiting, he said, students. He said he is opposed to
but the CIA simply ignores the pro- this because "a university professor
rr'b;:ion;. does not have the right to engage in
He said the only way for univer- conversation with a student, when
siies to stop covert CiA campus re- the purpose is to obtain inforration
cruitment is to state clearly their op- from the student which can. be used
position to it. He said that such op- to convince the student to go back to
position 4ti:fl be heeded by Congress, his home country and spy for the
'which is currently drafting a new char- CIA." _
ter for the CIA. - Make pcopie aware
Congress won't fight The most effective way to fight
"If the universities remain silent," covert recruitment, according to
Halperin said, "Congress will take Halperin, is for universities to make
the attitude that of the 72 issues they professors and foreign students
will be fighting the CIA on, they aware of it. "It is no longer possible
won't bother to fight this one if the (for universities) to hide in ignor.
uni?.ersit;_s don't want it fought." ante. The CIA has effectively admit-
In response to complaints from led ',ghat it is doing and it's up to the
universities over alleged covert re- universities to say something about
crui:men: practices, the CIA stated it," he said.
that it "recruits all staff openly," Halperin pointed out that Stanford
Ha;perin said. He noted, however, does not explicitly prohibit covert
that by definition, anyone recruited recruitment. John Sch::ara, Univer=
for cc, er`i activities could no, be re- city counsel, e:.o!ainie d that 'after
ed _penly. the issue received notor;eta about a
T,ne CIA's resr7on_e to criticism of year ago, the Cu_.;tian v-as put to the
its policies, Halperin said, is that it Faculty Senate and discussed. The
"should be able to do anythin& we Faculty Senate consensus was that
have to in order to fulfill our func- the existing policy of the University
research with faculty members here
but there are no secret contracts. He
added that the CIA is "interested in
students from all countries. There is
an open-ended generalized interest
in recruiting students from all over
the world;' -
Asked if any foreign intelligence
agencies were known to be operat-
ing at Stanford.. Halperin said, "Any
country with substantial concentra-
tions of students here wouldbe very -
likely to have agents or;'campus." -
Halperin cited Taiwan, South
Korea and the now deposed Iranian
government as possibilities. - - -
According to Halperin, there is a
CIA station in the Bay area which is
"secret, undercover, in constant
communication' with Washington
and the various universities in the -
area. It is very hard to find these
people." -
t;on.' - . on the sCC r ecv of , esearch was s ffi--
Tha process of recruitment is Lien' as a pol:w to ..=al with
cc? ii,.ei :alp- riri said. Cl,% agents the CIA
recrul; Tl_nt.'
;.a.; prof rsors knc:wn to have - No ccret re arch
cc. is th f;rG::n 5tud_nts p osirig According to S_h .%artz,
as wr t rs for specialized publics- s.:tes that no agency may contract
heexplair.ed.The), say thevare secret research with Univers t fa-
i__ ing for students to write for culty.
bved For Release 2G O1iGG= d IA-LRDP8B-01313.8000100020001-4
 claimed, had been or still were active "CIA of-
ficers." He also listed US embassy officers in
Tehran, Iran, who he claimed were CIA agents
"under cover." Mr. Kelly claimed they had
been assigned to the embassy last December
are "no" to the first question and "yes" to the to try to salvage the regime of Shah Muham-
second. mad Reza Phalavi and prepare, if possible, a
military coup to restore him to power.
Adti-CIA rallies at' Georgetown University
here in Washington, at Princeton, and at other Counterspy and a related publication, Covert
Action, specialize in CIA exposes. Publication
universities have shown vehement student and .
faculty opposition to CIA involvement. Both in Counterspy of the name of the CIA station
student and off-campus activist groups are chief in Athens, John Welch, was followed by
claiming that affiliations with the CIA have Welch's murder there in December, 1976..
also dragged US universities into involvement Professor Ricks charged that Georgetown's
in the American intelligence and foreign policy involvement in the "Ferdowsi project," an os-
failures in Iran. - tensibly medical research venture in Mashad,
Now the whole question of the CIA on cam- Iran, funded by the Pahlavi Foundation (base(
pus is being squarely addressed by congres- on the Shah's private fortune), was an exam p1
sional committees that are working, on the of unproper academic involvement in th
draft of a "charter" for US intelligence activi- . world of clandestine political operation
ties. abroad.
The draft charter, congressional sources "The academy," Professor Ricks said,-''i
say, would-allow intelligence agencies to use an , open institution." Scholars "either wo
American scholars traveling abroad for "oper=, with society, or work against its interest.
ational assistance," provided a senior official Knowledge gained by research "must, by it
at such a person's institution were notified of verynature, bepublic knowledge," he added.
any paid relationship. `Serious threats' charged,.
'Academicians could help intelligence agen- - Student resolutions at Georgetown, Prince
hies to recruit at home or abroad. One version ton, Harvard, and elsewhere recently call
recommended in last year's report of the Sen- for an end to covert CIA activities on campus
ate Intelligence Committee, chaired by Frank which the Georgetown students said pos
Church (D) of Idaho, would permit use of 'serious threats to the integrity, credibility,
academicians and would require that the offl-J and independence of our academic commu-
cials of the institutions concerned be notified. i nity."
Birch Bayh (D) of Indiana, chairman of the' CIA spokesmen insist the agency must main-
Senate Intelligence Committee, has acknowl- I tain relationships with the US academic com-
edged that in the dilemma between effective'1 munity, because it needs its expertise. CIA Di-
intelligence-gathering and the infringement of rector Stansfieki Turner told Harvard presi-
academic and other freedoms, "fundamental dent Derek Bok in a letter last May that he re-
constitutional rights of speech, press, assem' fused to accept Harvard's "guidelines" restric-
letter to e p
Michigan-Robben W. Fleming, last July 17.
bly, and privacy are at stake." ling CIA actions. I
Accepting them would make it "impossible
Approved For Release t200 I!1ak89bb Gb fc.8&jQ13dr5R00010D020001-4
ral Turner repeated on a CBS "Face the Na-
tion" program last Oct. 28.
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ARTICLE APP- ABED
ON PAGE-___7_.-
THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR
7 February 1979
AP*k V"%
;V"I 'the 1PkaM_A_US IN"Ith CUL SeIS
on he'ateddebate
Recruitment and research
at stake; guidelines sought
By John K. Cooley
Staff correspondent of -
The Christian Science 11onitpr
On Jan. '30, Iranians and other students at The CIA director for administration, John i
Georgetown demonstrated against CIA person- Elake, now retired, in an affidavit in June, re-
nel sent to university offices to recruit. The spending to a civil suit by a UCLA graduate
demonstrations followed public charges by student, said "identities and affiliation" of
1Prof. Thomas Ricks, an expert on Iran, and campus contacts with the CIA "must be pro' t
John Kelly, of the anti-CIA magazine, Counter- tected" so that relationships would continue.
spy, that the.university had not lived up to pub- Admiral Turner reaffirmed this principle in a
th resident of the UniverSTAP
Washington , lic pledges to purge intelligence activities from
Should - the Central Intelligence - Agency campus or from its overseas operations.
(CIA) or other United States intelligence orga- 'Lists' read
nizations recruit. and employ active informants
14i
and researchers on unviersity campuses? r. Kelly read out lists, which he promised
to publish "shortly" in Counterspy, of George-
Does a secret or open relationship with an , :_ r ---1, - .,-A ,-?+-- ,,,,,; $-
intelligence agency compromise a teacher, stu-
dent, or university administrative officer, not
to mention the academic freedom of the in-
stitution concerned?
Recent developments on at. least some cam-
puses would seem to suggest that the answers
 Approved For Release 2006 /3b~cd -#bP#dW1315R004
Academics and the C.1A
T AST SUNDAY on this page we maligned and misunderstood on
published a statement by Michel today's campuses.
Oksenberg which, supported the CIA's _ . On the contrary, the CIA is very well
position in the case of Nathan Gardels understood on college campuses today.
vs. Central Intelligence Agency. M. Perhaps this is the reason these
Gardels is suing the CIA to obtain in academics would be subject to public
:formation- about the agency's covert criticism and scorn..
:activities on University of California At one point,. Mr. Oksenbergdefends
:campuses; he is a graduate student in his.. relationship with. the CIA on the
.Political. Science.:. Mr.: Oksenberg is a premise that ..a "free. exchange 'of
;Political Science-: professor at the ideas" is important to his counterparts
,,University. of: Michigan =on: indefinite -in the agency and at the university.
leave to serve on the National Security Certainly' no one would deny that the
Council as a China expert_ '. free exchange of. ideas is not only the
In his affidavit= Mr.Oksenberg ad- principle on which a university- fun-
mits having=x: had :'a.-' confidential ctions, - but the foundation of
relationship with the.CIA while he was democracy. The CIA, however, seems
teaching on -campus.--Mr.- Oksenberg to be involved in a rather one-sided ex-
explained that soon after he entered change. Its secrets or cooperation are
academic-life he began to meet CIA of- rendered only to those who would be of
ficials at. scholarly conventions, con- service to the agency. Relatively few
ferences, and seminars.-"I soon'- found academics receive the benefits Mr.
.that' these:- CIA== -Officials were Oksenberg enjoyed as a result of his
professional colleagues of mine, that secret relationship.
is, although we did not -agree on all Mr. Oksenberg's statement 'raises. -
matters nor was any pressure placed many serious questions as he suspec-
on me to alter, my views, we 'shared Jed it would. It is important to bring the
many common ?-interests, we- had discussion of CIA campus activities in.
similar academic backgrounds? we to the open; in this, he has done'a great
worked with similar 'unclassified data, service to this University community .
and, therefore,-we. face many similar. and others. It is unfortunate that his in-
methodological concerns"'-he said tentions. were to preserve- asystem.-
fidentiahty Mr Okienber-said he felt _who ,::become'.victims ofk :the_ ,CIA's"
the names of ;other ;professors with In its final 'report,.the Senate Select
Y
iillioshi, aa Ce
smar reatnpnd he sid thereommitte .on Intelligence Activities
are many, but even the names of in- expressed - concert - t `that= American
stitutions = where these ,academics academics involved in such activities..
work,~it would "destroy the candor and .` may undermine public confidence that
,-utility of the exchange an exchange ? those` who train our . :youth are-
.-which he -;,said-e'- is - beneficial to upholding the' ideals, independence
,
academics and the national interest and integrity - of American ;`univer
-
YMr. Oksenlier said this,.confrden- 'sities"It would be wise for everyone
tiality is needed t"p protect:academics '-.A0;~consider the. Select Committee's.,
from public criticism and scorn which :'concern when pondering the questions
would follow the-`revelation 'of-such a raised by Mr. Oksenberg's defense of".
relationship, because the ".CIA is much the CIA:
25X1
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 25X1
THE 1IICHIGAN DAILY
21 January 1979
Approved, For Release 2006/01/30 : CIA-RDP88-01315
Editor's note: R nut follows this note Security Coup Staff, I entered that - requirinl'the
en affidavit by Michael Oksenberg graduate'Schoo in 1960?and ser- disclose the name
::'s vs. Central intelligence Agency. faculties of three major United similar personal re
`?!-. Oksenberr is a projesssor at the States universities. I am curren- destroy associations
:;i ~ ersity of Michigan on indefinite ....' -tly on academic leave from one of both academics and
'. ,?re to serve on the National Security >, ' Chess universities': and I intend to policy interests of
service-.f.- ,~ _.."..
?%:e University of California where he the action I am taking will lead to
.,udies political science- In-1976 after 3. Soon :.:. after, entering questioning and criticism of my Confidentiality of
Senate Select Committee on to -`.aeademic..life, I. began necessity-
In-
= academic career
CIA uses academics at morn ihan too telligenee -Agency'. at various 4 y, because-: ;the .CIA is much
?,nercan colleges and universities to `professional meetings: annual _ : ,.,, , ,? .. .maligned and misunderstood on
. campuses. Even the hint
nuke "introductions for intelligence- -conventions of'such', national 5.' The free exchange of ideas today's-
purposes-.and other task Mr. Car associations as theAmerican with counterparts both in and out, of an association with the Agen
r.elssubmitted io the CIA aFreedom of, "Political. Science Association, of academe is one very important cy, including a professional
I-r1orrtiation (FO1,4) request asking for academic conferences and way in which academics are able association dealing exclusively
:recess to all documents relaying to CIA. seminars, and public meetings- to advance and gauge their in with unclassified. materials on
conracpat the University of California;: CIA employees openly identified tellectual growth, and'currency ? academic.-topics,. subjects
cpecif`rcaiiv including all coniractural .:` themselves at : these meetings; once their formal schooling has academics to abuse, and scorn,
arrangements and personnel-;re lation- they made no effortto hide their ended. I benefited greatly from and very well. may endanger
,hips. } institutional `affiliation I soon the comments and criticisms that their academic careers. In fact,
The CLa provided .ter- dardels wuh found.- that these CIA-,: officials I received from -Agency members .,given- the climate. on, today's
,,lore than 800 documents?'- e--'.,o f were` professional colleagues of.. with whom ' I shared my"work-. campuses, even the disclosure of
rich revealed that a UC vieepresident mine; that is, although we did hot. -Similarly I like - to think that the fact that such associations
rud received C!A training and operated agree on all matters nor was any some Agency members benefited exist at a particular university
r
r
e placed" on. me to alte
from-my comments on their un would lead ultimately' to strong
ur campus at a covert agent for the pressu
.1zency. The Cl.-1 informed MrGar-i my views, _,we shared many classified papers and-thoughts pressure to- identify the
deh that it would neither confirm nor;: -common. interests, we" had (many of which were subsequen- academics-involved,
deny the et'isrencV of any addition(1l.: similar, academic backgrounds, tly published with CIA authorship -, -'
documents which would ' be. responsive , we 6rked with similar un- acknowledged.), Further, the 8. Therefore, if the Agency is
to his request and added that if such classified data and, therefore, relations that I developed over ':. required to disclose any infor-
r:oc?uinerirs did edsi, those docu,nentsl we face- many, similar the years with our government's. - mation that would identify, or
Would be withheld pursuant to section, methodological concerns. As did foreign policy community -were,,:-. lead -:07-the identification, of
lb) l!) of the FOIA which allows the, '. many. other'-.-Of, my, university an , important.. factor- in my academics who have association
C1.4 to protect the ' entrw of its per _assocate?,,I:gradually came: to deciding to enter government with' the Agency,-'- such.
.. y
sonrteG ` _~ , ? realize that I could have the same, service-for- a perios`; and my of associations would be effectively
Last February .blr.Gardeis urtttated 2. That onl relationslii with. _~
gh Y ps . . government agency,. and the
public: the f eport of then-House Tn' the Legislative Branch a intelligence:'- !agencres are student'is not interested,- the
Committee on Intelligence, (Pike ;.select: committee "on intelligence required tobesorevealed.
student is free to- decline the
Committee) was, reported - in-"`exrsts isboth.the Senate and the .. While'_ the guidelines you = pm y Itis difficult tosee'ho e
Village Voice to have. arrived at House..They are kept fully infor; propose in-your- subsequent this abridges anyone's freedom_:.
even more categoric conclusion med-of.intelligence activities editorial, , "The'' University ?-I am enclosing a copy of the
concerning the control: of the and? in turn, exercise - genuine- ' 'Guidelines" on 29 October 1978 CIA's internal r
CIS.: `.All evidence:iii., hand a control over all such activities.. recognizes the diverseoppor- egulation gover-
suggests that the CIA, far from-,:- There is. nio.questionr?in my mind mnities for conflict of interest aning our cademic inst itutions and with I
being out of control, has been ut -or in the mind of anyone in the in- which are present on all cam- '
statement I made tithe Ener-
terly responsive to the instruc - . telligence Cominunityy_ that we puses, e.g.,; consulting city of Kentucky which describes
tions- of the President and the-: are held accountable for ?vhnt we arrangements with businesses,
Vii, private publication.opportunities,. --,those. relationships. and.the over-
Assistant to the President Tor 'do. i `. +_, :..?` Congressional ...... com- part-time sightprocess in greater detail.
Security ; ' .~; '"'There two Congr. jobs. etc., Harvard s
After the first session of: the- - mittees are now in the process of guidelines do not. It seems naive' = ~~eldTurner
,- d raft1a&`charters "which' wilt 'to me to assume that only a Director of Central
95th Congress came . to a'? dose*, .. ..~? _ ? ^'
,Mi , Intelli ence
' - s..???.~. ...-~?".?~,=~~ .I L ,~'. ? 7 -~ mar-?~~?.... ... -_..TY+?,+~..-':~:~di
ii `U CI~r DP$'8=b'I'.i`~ SRO $ to0fl'Z'>~10'o'I
 25X1
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CHAtPAIGN DAILY ILLINI (ILL.)
1 December 1978
interviews professors after
has no'guidelines oncooperation" `:couldn:t say why,.because nothing
have expressed mixed reactionstos -W3iCn 0 & ?~s% ~c x s?TFinally at Ferm "lati`T iden-
~
~
"
^
establishing such rules;,,,LL
ed what I ?fel# was wrong: about
The -CIA. has admitted various are not"so inherently suspect as to it, and it has to-do with: these two.
,
types of:-activity-on collegecam-.require-.,(them).- to be: ;publicly different.functions of the govern-
posesin general;: mcludingusing .acknowledged and made `subject meet
.countries:: In the.Ll950s "research ?}Corbally.said that the Univer .'questioned by the CIA. ahont'swha
curved at the University;. al eady been improved.so. thata--S that' I may jeopardize my relation
Iriorder to contzol; the. activ ty -project alike the LSD -research ship tivith' those : people' ,;(foreign'
o?'iintelligence group 'Harvard rcould mot remain confidential or _ saient;sts). :If . Suddenly they,
andseverai other universities havemore than ' 20 years"?as_the IMK--='=?should happen-7to'' ind''out?,that=:
faculfl*anembers Y" s ' ~~~ Bu -Edwin=Goldwasser ~?iice meabout to theCIA, it kind. of un-f
,.However, University;President; jrchancellor`for, research,-.said he dermines. the possibility-',-Of, John "E3.' Corbally_saidhe. thought. would be sympathetic- to = tile-r`developing . this -kind ofrelation=_
the-Harvard guidelines'`.`pick: out --establishment of guidelines for in ship."
"impose rules .on:.xelations ;.that' -wasserwas formerly deputy dire-c herding said that although he did
wouldn't ordinarily. be restricted ..:, ,tor- of the Fermi- National Ac=:; not disagree with the goals of the
basically allow researchcontracts.;'internationally known-and.: th er'would belittle opportunity to
and other-relationships- with-. the used-laboratory for the-study of ruse. them on-the campus,: noting
CIA.but require much information. 'subnuclear physics- He- noted that' improved :repoiti ig;Of-research`
relationships to be approved by then both as' a University professor and ,;..'`One gets close here to poIitical'
resident of-the uni'versi at the Fermi latr: 771 e, -
- and/or ethical' .questions,"`Ger
has. said that he- doesn-'ttnstenci to';was.-onthis campus-before I went legislate about-and maybe not even--
lingthatrEla4tionshipwithfact:"aresedebrse gs, 4where-golicystatements.;a
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 :Approved For Release 2006/01/30 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100020001-4
THE DAILY ILLINJI (CMAPAIGic, ILL. )
1 DECEIM 1978
The.Univer'sity Board of Trustees sh?uld
enact a*.strong policy statement against in-
telligence...agency, involvement. to make it
very, clear that. it's not happy with such ft
terventian:";
Although;Universit Pi-esident-Jol
Corball`y. contends' Harvard's guidelines d:
-71
heTL acacieaiic?,Issues`arediscussed;
too oftert,mir id s the'pollcies of -schools lie.
guidelines" for federal.intelligenceactivity
w
d
ell_to?
o
on campus, the _UWversity: would
follow Harvard's.leacl e ,..,. ? `. ?
Haz vaxd's President Derek Bok recently
established a. set of guidelines- applying to
s which ut' strict
ence grou
US: int
lli
p
e
g
. limits,-oirthe groups'-activities on 'campus -
The guidelines basically ma ntain.that most
discussions withbrreseareh for intelligence
agencies should be aIlowedrhut~,that such
interaction must bem'adepublic
Harvard'sattempt'to maintain:the'sanc
r:
tity o? academ a is laudable = y, ;
,
, -Althoughmos genre daa'fusualIyhnk
about th~C.4_being on'carripus itis `The
abr6ad;]bs6 ei? p visit ;~,scliolar f *oin
ther coiiutnes and asks rofessors to act
as the CrA eyes'?whletliey'reabroad y
'~In the past'?~i has also sponsored clan
:destine research: projects at th uni ersity
7- ~7,77
LSL research-it sponsored at the im ersity
ttY z{
in the 19~Os. w.3- .~'f
-
-aNeither the: CIA nor; the:) BI belongs on
campus th same as? neither should be-
spying orr studerits`arict'otheU S'- citizens
makeeyet~odliaPY
can't
.Freedom; of^ Information/Privacy~`cts
Branch a ptairis_it's=the FBI s iuty;_and"it
Yet they ,`-
Allen-McC-eight; chief:,'of tl FBI's'
fairly. limit on the- CIA's- activities alone-.
modified version solving that problem could
surely be produced z a
Such CIA. acti-vit_also has ramuications;
contrary to world peace because itbampers,
international; scientificcoor)eration
hctwui,Goldwasse vice chancellorfor
researcn,saidthat both?as a professor-and
as .. ternatic re
We 1tnderstbttd that, broadly spezal=ng, the CIA uses two rn'titcxls for s
cmitinV,-on ustiversZty campuses. The first method involves sending an identifiable CIA
rs who may be interested in beco:n _ employ
th
d
e
o
nts an
recntitee.to inter4iew stude ees of the CIA. This method is open and visible and comparable to the recruiiins effarts'
of other public and private organizations, \Ve. think it poses no issue of pri.~tci.ple for
the academic community.
The second method involves the ht;e of individuals who ir.;ty be professors, aclrrt:nis-
trators or possible students and who have an ongoing co:hfice lies relationship with the
CIA as recruiters. The job of these covert recruiters is to id-:ntify for the CIA members
of the community: including foreign students, who may be li.'ely candidates for an em-
ploy rnent or other relationship with the CIA on a regular or sporadic basis. Although we
are not certain how the recruitun, process works, we understand that when the recrt:it_r
believes that a likely candidate has been identified, the name of the candidate is reported
to the CIA, which then conducts a back oustd check on the individual and creates a fdt<
with the information it obtains. Neither the recruiter nor the CIA i-iforms the individual
at this stage that he or she is being considered for employment or other puiows i pthen by the t
CIA. If the investigation confirms the view of the recruiter, the ap-
proached to discuss a present or future relationship with the CIA.
For a number of reasons we believe that members of the Harvard community should
not serve as covert recruiters for the CIA. First and most importantly, it i3 inappropriate
for members of the academic community to be acting secretly on behalf of the g Qovern-
ment in his relationship with other members of the academic community. The existence ,
on the Harvard campus of unidentified individuals who may be probing the views of
others and obta niag information for the possible use of the CIA is inconsistent with the
idea of a free and independent university. Such practices inhibit free discourse and are
academic com-
a distortion of the relationship that should exist among members of an
munity, and in particulasv of the relationship that should exist between faculty members
and students.
There are other reasons for members of the Harvard community not to be involved
in such a covert recruiting system if our understanding of it is correct. Foreign students
pose a special problem. It is not unreasonable to suppose that reeruitni:nt of a foreign
national by the CIA may lead to requests that the persaa engage in. acts that violate the I
laws of his own country. We do not consider it appropriate for a member of the Harvard
community-especially a faculty member who may have a teaching relationship with the
foreign national--to be part of a process that may reasonably be supposed to lead, to a
request to anlrtdividual to violate the laws of another country. More generally, we. ues.
lion whether it.is appropri ate for a member of the Harvard,commuaity to trigger a
secret backgzouad inve-rti ation of another member of the community. Such an inves-
tigation is an invasion of individual privacy, whether the subject of the investigation be
a United States citizen or a foriga national. Moreover, the conduct of a secret investi
gatiors is likely, to lead to additional s1--sat go'trnmental intrusion into the, campus. aa:
the CIA tries to develop more information :~t oitt the subject of the investigation. Finial- I
ly, it is I c nossible.to know to what uses the information may be put in future years and
in what ways the life of the subject of the investig3ation may be adversely affected.
For these reasons we conclude that any meruber of the Harvard community Who has
an ongoing relationship with the CIA as arecruiter, with or without compensation, ho in h should make his or her role known to the Dean of the appropriate Iacu t nt afficestm
should inform the Presldertt of the University and the appropriate p
within rho Unise!sIty. Al 'the placement officesth: names of xecrhiterswould be avail-
able to all members of the Harvard community. Because of the CIA's authority to cons
duct secret bac'
maintain any confidential relationships, for the reason= stated I cannoi accept
such additional restraints in absence of a truly cnrrp; l}xng Itrs}ific. ~fie~ _
The proposition you are asking me to adopt would rule out of bounds any
confidential relationship with any acaclemi: for the purpose of conducting or
aiding the intelligence activities specified in your letter We are asked to
foredo all such relationships, and presumably to terminate any that exist, on
the grounds that they are contrary to obligations that one assumes upon becom-
ing a member, not just of the Harvard faculty or staff, but of the academic pro-
fession in general.
In support of your position, you argue that citizens "are frequently subject
to limitations on their right to engage in certain activities because of professional
obligations they have voluntarily entered into." As illustrations, yo}' cite:
a) the duty of confidentiality that a lawyer has to a client involved in litigation
and the attendant restrictions this duty places on the lawyer's "right" as a citi-
zen under the First Amendment to speak freely and publicly concerning his
client's case; and b) the fact that a citizen's "right" to act as an FBI i_eforrnant
does not extend to a Senate intelligence committee staffer covertly providing
the Bureau with information gained as a result of his position with the committee- _
While obviously 1 cannot quarrel with either your basic premise or with the
illustrations themselves, I do think that our relationships with academics are
wholly different in both principle and substance. Neither CIA nor the academics
with whom it deals view the services rendered by them as a breach of profes-
sional ethics or otherwise underhanded or disloyal to the individual's primary. -
employer. For instance, we do not ask a university official to provide us with
a student's university biographical file ox transcript without the latter's per-
mission. 'Similarly, we do not seek (nor are we interested in) information from
a professor on his institution's internal },vorkings, activities, curriculum etc.
In short, countervailing considerations such as the fair administration of justice
or a blatant conflict of interests, as exist in your examples, simply are not pre-
sent in the nature ' and scope of the confidential relationships which academics
have with this Agency. Rather, we consider these individuals to be acting
wholly out of good faith and praiseworthy motives in lending their assistance
to our endeavors, and we doubt that they in any way coup romise-=he integrity
of the academic profession or infringe upon their official responsibilities to
their institution.
I want to emphasize that the views I am expressing do not merely reflect
the "CIA's position," as your letter terms it; rather, our position is dictated
not only by our perceptions of the national interest but also by the strongly-
held beliefs of the academics with whom we deal,. The initiatives leading to
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 Approved For Release 2006/01/30 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100020001-4
these relationships may come either .from the Agency or from the individual
academics, but it is our policy to leave to the individual concerned, as a
matter of choice or conscience, the decision whether to -offer assistance in
the per.?o;-mance of our functions. As has be'en' pointed Out in previous cor-
respondence, these relationships are frequently kept.confidential at the
insistence of the individuals tPem.selves, their concerns been , that they might
otherwise be exposed to harassment or other adverse consequences as a result
of exercising their right to assist their Government.
It should not be inferred that CIA mindlessly ignores the status of the U. S.
'academic community as a discrete segment of our society, or that it follow no - -
special procedures in its "dealings with the institutions taemselves and the
employees thereof.. On the contrary, we have recently adoptea-and rigorously
adhere to -an-internal CIA Headquarters regulation which sets forth detailed,
stringent restrictions -on- permissible relationships. between CIA-and academia_
I am enclosing a copy of the actual text of this regulation for your information . -
Although I can- fully recognize and understand the bases for Harvard's particu-
lar concerns, I nevertheless firmly believe that the standards set-forth therein
clearly evidence a reasonable and good faith effort by CIA to balance -the princi-r. -
ple of an. independent academic world free from Government intrusion oa the'one:-
hand with the-needs of the nation and the rights of individual academics on the
other. - As it is, -the restraints which we have already imposed on ourselves in
this area have on occasion limited the capability of the intelligence community to
perform the tasks it exists to perform. Nevertheless, CIA has chosen to formu--
late and operate under these limitations in the interests of and out of respect for
the freedom and independence of the U. S. academic community. At the same
time, it is our considered opinion that any further extension of the restrictions
to effectively rule out the two--types of activities in question is neither legally
required nor is otherwise advisable in light of the potential obstacles which
such-action would pose to this Agency's ability to further avail itself of avlill-
ing, valuable resource to assist the Government in the performance of legiti-
mateendeavors in furtherance of the nation's foreign policy objectives-
I fully recognize that the Harvard guidelines were established pursuant to
a suggestion contained in the April 19.76 report of.the_Senate Select Cornmittee`-
to Study Governmental Operations with Respect to Intelligence Activities. Of
course I do not question Harvard's basic right to promulgate internal proce-
dures which place reasonable restraints on relationships between its employees
and outside organizations in general. Nevertheless, I silaply cannot lend my f
affirmative support to or consider this Agency bound by any set of procedure's
which, 'when read as a whole, singles out CIA, ;implies that any confidential - =
association that an'a.cademic has with us is so inherently suspect as to require' `
it to be publicly acknowledged and made "subject to scrutiny," as your letter
puts it, and deprives academics of all freedom of choice in relation to involve-
ment in intelligence activities. -
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 On UcI~ o d For.Releas} 2406/01130} GIAiRDPo88 0 315R0001n00020001-4 and thc~ rest
of your colleagues at Harvard for the considerate. and responsible manner in
which you have dealt with us rn these difficult and complex issues.
Yours sincerely,
STAN'S FIELD T Vft -
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 Approved For Release 2006/01/30 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100020001-4
CIA HEADQU_'.`RZTERS REGULATION
ON RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE
U. S. ACADEMIC COMMUNITY
CIA may enter into classified and unclassified contracts and other
arrangements with the United States academic institutions of higher learning
as long as senior management officials of the institution concerned are made _
aware of CIA's sponsorship. CIA may enter into personal services contracts
and other continuing relationships with individual full-.time staff and faculty
riember:b of such institutions but in e:-:h case will suggest that the individual
advise an appropriate senior official thereof of his CIA. affiliation, unless
security considerations preclude such a disclosure or the individual objects
to making any third party aware of his relationship with CIA. No operational
use will be made either in the United States or abroad of staff and faculty
members of United States academic institutions on an unw* itting basis. CIA
employees will not represent themselves falsely as employees of United States
academic institutions. CIA personnel wishing to teach or lecture at an academic.
institution as an outside activity must disclose their CIA affiliation to appropriate
academic authorities; all such arrangements require approval in advance from
the Director of Security. Pursuant to Federal la~v, CIA will neither solicit nor
receive copies of identifiable school records relating to any student (regardless
of citizenship) attending a United States academic institution without tae express
authorization of the student, or if the student is below the age of l8, his parents--
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 Approved For Release 2006/TI5R000
Berkeiev. C M11
n a.
1 August 1910
Proposed UC rules
wod force profs
:y JANICE FLNCFI
Tsrt= vntrrmt
ties
Following recent revelations of extensive covert, contact between .1i
-niversity has drawn up guidelines which it hopes will put an and
r the controvers
y.
The guidelines. drawn up by UC's systemwide committee on
:ademic freedom, will be presented to the UC academic senate
nd board of regents in the fall.
Berkeley history professor Richard Abrams, chair of the commit-
-&. revealed the proposals when testifying before a U.S. Senate
elect committee on National Intelligence held July 20 in Washing-
:rn_ -
Abrams said the Academic Freedom Committee's report recom-
aends that UC provide "public notice of any research, advising, or
.onsulting arrangements between a government intelligence
agency and the university, its employees and students."
The report also, recommends, that members of the university
.ommunity be formally prohibited from engaging in covert opera-
ions or activities on behalf of any government intelligence agency.
Abrams said the need for these guidelines became apparent after
1976 U.S. Senate committee on national intelligence confirmed
hat for at least two decades thousands of academicians had en-
,aged in covert activities for the CIA. These activities ranged from
!spionage to recruiting colleagues and students for covert intelli-
,ence work.
--''-The reportalso found that-some professors lent the authority of
heir credentials to publications used for "propagandistic pur-
oses."The committee was reluctant to pass legislation restricting
academicians' activities, however, because it claimed that it was
he academic community's responsibility to set professional and
-thical standards for its members.
Abrams said the UC Academic Freedom committee welcomes
'se opportunity to restate the university's professional ethical
tandards. -
He said the UC report does not question whether a foreign Intel-
,gence service should exist or the right of academics to contribute
a investigative agencies of other kinds. "It would be a waste of
acial resources to deprivesuch agencies of the energies and ex-per-
,se available at universities." he said.
Abrams stressed, however, that the university is obliged to main-
ain high standards of intellectual honesty, which it sliculd not
Syracuse and Ohio State as the only U.S. universities to pass
regulations dealing specifically- with CIA-campus contact_
Unlike the Harvard guidelines. approved in May 1977, which
make provisions for cavert_CIA-recruitment on campus. the UC
{ guidelines are silent on the subject.
According to the 1977 Harvard report the CIA recruits in two
ways. One is the overt practice of sending identifiable CIA recruit-
ers to interview stutlants:The-other is covert. using faculty who
have ongoing refationslfitrs'With the CIA as recruiters. Their job is
to identify people oacampus including foreigostudents. who may
be interested in" working for-the-CIA.
The Harvard -report said, that _heither the recruiter nor the CiA
'.inform the individua.1hat he-or slia is being considered for CIA
use.
The Harvard guide lineg spzci7ic~iHq preshibit this covert practice.
and requirr all on-campus.recruite.rs to report themselves to thP:
faculty dean and thn-till iversify president.
Testifying before the U.S. Senate Intelligence committee. Harvard
President Derek Uu~ said tai--CIA has taken issue with: his s?vhrsol's
guidelines. ` - -
"In correspunifere:e:tiritft ine: the CIA has advanced thre^ rirgu?-
nuvnts to justify. its'. refusst.to-re spec:t our guidelines," l3uk said,
';First. the CIA betitives that it has been unfairly singled out as the
object of special restrictions. In fact our report expressly covers all
U.S. intelligenceagencies.- - _ _. -.
"Second, the CIA asserts that cur guidelines interfere unjust ifi..
ably with the freedom- of individual professors ..to offer their
services to the government:- Look said the guidelines were neces-
sary to preserve. the"integrity-uf our scholarly activities abroad and
the atmosphere of candor and trust."
ij
1
.ampromise by covert association with government intelligence
agencies.
"While it may be conceded that cover and deception are often
necessary in intelligence gathering, for a member of the academic i
profession to so serve is for such a person to damage the very
essence of what she is presumed to stand for.' he said.
If the recommendations are approved, UC will join Harvard,
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 5
''?I LE '' PEAA koved For ReleW$ ~6I 3 AC~8I0~` 1~R000I
CY'.; P4GE 27. JULY 197
Harvard, CIA Are a
M,oci wd Pre,,
Harvard University and
the CIA are sharply at odds
over the agency's insistence
that .it be free to continue
covert recruirting and
operational practices on the
campus, a Senate hearing
has been told.
Derek C. Bok, Harvard's
president, said yesterday
the university has drawn up
guidelines providing that it,
and members of its faculty
and staff may'.: maintain
recrut of ers
t
especially foreign students-
and to collect informa-.,
tion- useful in its: own opera-
tions.
. "I do not believe that an -
agency of the United States
should act in this=fashion,"
Bok said. "A Senate coml.
mittee has called:-.upon'the-'
academic cotnmunity.to=set
on-
CIA insisted o history professor Richard tinue,.and that the internal)
secretly use faculty a mto Abrams, urged adoption of rules of _ academic institu-{
use a right andndregulations barring any lions should be respected." hers, administrators students to
h '
agencies . that would not. mg. said it was clear that
"threaten the integrity and past intelligence activities'
independence of the aca- had "adversely:; affected"
demic community." the academic community.
But he said it was clear' The-. proposed- charter, he
from discussions with CIA. said,. is aimed at assuring
Director StansfieId. Turner that all future relationships
that the agency "intends to- - between the agencies and
ignore" provisions that all academia . be "witting"
recruiting and other CIA ones
activities- on - campus be Bok and. two- other wit-
open and above board. nesses, Morton 'Baratz,
general secretary' of the
IN TESTIMONY before American Association of
the Senate Intelligence University Professors, and
Committee Bok said ,,,,..,University of California
standards to govern its
relations with the intelli-
Kence 'agencies. Harvard
as attempted to set such
standards. Yet the- CIA is
declaring that it will simply
ignore essential provisions
of our guidelines.'
.The committee, estab-
lished.-in the-wake of the
exposure of widespread
abuses by the CIA and other
agencies, is attempting. to
draft a charter.to gguide all
U.S' intelligence policy. -
Sen. Walter Huddleston;
ships with intelli ence , D-Ky., -chairing the hear-
covert activities by the CIA
or other agencies on U.S.
campuses.
BOX FURNISHED:
copies of letters between
himself and Turner,, in
which the CIA director,
sought to justify covert
campus activities on
grounds that they are
essential 'for national se- t
curity. . -...
Turner also 'complained
that Harvard's rules "sin-
gle out CIA" for special re-
strictions and interfere with
the right of faculty and em-
ployees;. to "freedom of
choice" in dealing with the
intelligence community.
Bok said Harvard consid-'I
ers its rules "necessary to
preserve the integrity of
our scholarly - activities
abroad and the atmosphere
of candor and trust that are
essential.. to the'--free ex-
change of ideas." .
Congress, he said-,!
"should make clear that ;
these activities cannot c
I
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 Approved For Release 2006/01/30 : CIA-RDP88-01315ROOO
HACKENSACK RECORD (N. J.)
27 June 1978
By; Larry' Gordon
Staft~Wnter-? _ .
poning the case until July 10. The attor-
neys promised to submit additional
briefs by,July 5. . .
National- security
'A federal judge in Newark yesterday
ordered-the Central Intelligence Agency ~
to explain precisely why it has refused'
to say whether it has files on its possi-
ble activities at. Fairleigh Dickinson
University.
Marlc;.Medoff, editor of the=Teaneck
campus. student newspaper, The Gaunt-
let, has' asked 'for the files under the
Freedorrf. oE' Information, Act. Medoff
claims that the CIA has been approach-
ing teachers for information on Iranian
students.
In an.,affidavit yesterday,: the CIA j
said that denying or acknowledging the.
existence of any records could jeopar-
dize its foreign intelligence sources and
lead to.. harassment. of the academic
community at FDU and elsewhere.
"By denying their existence, a pro-
cess . of elimination could lead to the
identification of sources.. at other univ-
ersities," 'said the.. affidavit of John
Blake, the CIA's director of informa-l
But United States'.,, District Co
cept `the CIA's response; calling it.
"Our.cohtention is that
the government's position
would deny to your honor
the responsibility of
reviewing the record."
- Howard Rosen, American-
Civil Liberties Union attorney
"artfully drawn to say a lot but tell'
nothing. It.,deal$ with vague abstrac-
tions." 1
"I want 'a precise position,'Lacey.
told 'CIA 'attorneys, from. the United
States Justice Department before post--
Howard Rosen, an attorney for the
New. Jersey Civil Liberties Union,:
which is representing Medoff, asked the
judge to review any CIA files dealing
with the school and to decide.whether
releasing them would endanger national
security. Files considered vital to secu-
rity are exempted from disclosure
through the Freedom of Information
Act.
Rosen told the judge, "Our contention
is that the, government's position would
deny to your honor the responsibility of
reviewing the record. The government
is saying to you [that] it need not tell
you anything but the bare conclusions."
Justice . Department lawyer Daniel
Metcalf said no nonvital files dealing
with FDU had, been found, but that a
double-check would beundertaken. Met-
calf said he was-not implying that-any'
security-risk documents existed-,. ? .
Rosen, however, contended .that; sty
least some correspondence. between the
CIA and. the university dealing with re- f
cruitmenr'must -ezist:-He said-there is
reason to believe that CIA research'con-
tracts. may lisve'beea let to FDU pro-
.fessors.
"If a professor prepared. a report on,
let's say, the shoe industry in the Soviet
Union," Rosen argued, "that could be'
embarrassing [to the professor], but it
should not be classified."
Domestic surveillance?
Rosen-also contended that the CIA's
refusal may have been prompted by
fear of exposing that it had illegally en-
gaged in domestic surveillance. : -
Metcalf said the CIA has openly re-)
cruited graduates- from -FDU': and
hundreds of other schools, but no rec
ords'of. such. recruitment at FDU :have
been found.
. - m>'T 1n'Jr
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Medoff first :wrote to the CIA in E`el}
ruary;1977 forfiles relating'to'FDU. The
CIA told him that it found'some mated' 'al which . originated. with' the Nationat.
Security Agency;: That ,agency, refused:
"By denying [the.
'record's] existence, a
process of elimination?
could lead-to the'
identification of sources at
other universities."
-~ John Blake,
_ : CIA'offic'ial
to give Medoff information. The CIA re-J, fused even to acknowledge if it had any;j
records on FDU.
In the affidavit reviewed- byJudgeR
Lacey yesterday, CIA:.. bfficer.''Blake
said:. "Our contracts-.with academic in-1
stitutions are, of course, made known to;
?$enior'university officials.''.
FDU' President Jerome. Pollack has'
said he was: not aware of any CIA adiva
ity at the school. - .:.
Sources called invaluable-`:,
Blake called academic sourcesinvalu.
able for-the. national interest. anti" said.
identification of them could be danger-i
ous. "Such sources place in jeopardy, in
many instances. their reputations, cred
It, livelihoods and; In some cases, their'
personal safety.,. he said. {
"The CIA can respond' only by refus-.
ing to confirm or deny existence of'any;
information which would even imply the'
existence of such relationships."
Metcalf said four similar cases asking
for disclosure of CIA. involvemex -p)\T
universities are. in. other courts.:...
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THE NAT ION
24 June 1978
LEPERS =..
to make the horror real
the CIA, and the scholars.-
Lawren~ ivulre NJJ.-
While-public attention, has focused orr sensational- misdeeds
of the CIA," very'little has beef said about another aspect
of CIA - activities, which. can be.: extremely harmful _to this..
country.. I refer to'-CLdL influences in.. our leadinz- academic."
institutions. Seestot Church's committee, after stating that
it was "disturbed" by its findings (which included occasional- .
participation by acadetnica in propaganda) 'wrote that "it
is:.tbe responsibility of private. institutions and particularly
the American Academic Cormrunity to set the'pmfessional
and ethical - standards. of its- nsembets. . '* (Acodemr.
June ?1976.) ~.~:..
Recently some Ivy-'Leagm coll cs have been ,raported
to permit faculty 'members to, work for the CIA when the
deans of their departments approve the -topic. Irv view of
close contacts between some university administrations and
the CIA,' with the litter's intermixtm: of basically incom-'
parable functions of intelligeaoa and propaganda, there can
be no assurance that this measure alone will be effective.
Prof. Norman Birnbaurn's recent recommmdationr (edit.
tonal, The Nation, April 11 shonid be expanded to-prohibit
any intelligence agency from participating in or administer-
ing propaganda and covert activities.- Then the academic
community could find it easier to prohibit 'as'unethical any
contacts between its rnernbxrs and- institutions engaged ire . f
propaganda.. - , Crrnr~! F. Tsrhr6orortojj
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 R
6ncern Colleges
ecrudin fy Do Not
o-norls On.CIA.-_
By PEGGY REISSER
Banner Staff Writer
There appears to be little concern at
local colleges over reports that the CIA
has been conducting secret recruitment of
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10
through the proper channels, most of the
college placement office direCte -
foreign students on U.S. campuses.
The recruitment activities, involving
150 colleges, were confirmed last week by
CIA Director Stansfield T.=er.atthe
naEiorl'gl"conven-ri6n lie American As-
sociation of University Professors. .
Turner would not disclose which cam-
puses were involved or what the foreign
students were being recruited to do. -
He did say that "very few" of the 120,000
foreign students in the United States are
under contract to the agency..
Only a few local foreign students said
they have been ap roached in the past by
someone they believed was a recruiter
from the CIA.
For instance, one Vanderbilt graduate
student from Algeria, who asked not to be
identified, said that two years ago he was
offered $100 to write a paper about his,
country.
The offer came from a man who said he
representated a multinational corpora-
tion. The student said he believes the man
was with the- CIA.
Administrators at Nashville colleges
said they have no knowledge of any secret
or open recruitment of foreign students on,
their campuses.
"I have not had it brought to my
attention in relation to our students, '
Joan Elliot, foreign student advisor at
Tennessee State University, said..
James Worley; director of the economic
development program at Vanderbilt, said
he "would be surprised if the CIA were on-
the campus..".
The recruiting of foreign students is
usually accomplished by direct contact
between the recruiters and the students,
Lynn Snuffer, with the Washington-based
Campaign to Stop Government Spying,
said. It is also conducted through faculty
members who are asked the names of
potential recruits, she said.
In the- past, the CIA has recruited
American students- at colleges through
the placement offices.
Students were recruited to work at the
agency's headquarters, but none has been
recruited here in. the past few years,
college officials say. .
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 Approved For Release 2006/01/30 : CIA-RDP88-01315FJ000100020001-4
DES MOINES REGISTER
19 June 1978
-on campus
"Most large American. colleges secret. and the research does not
enrolled substantial ? numbers of further. possibly :'illegal activity.
foreign shudents, and. many of : But we think it wrong if the CIA:
.these, especially those:: from the and..--the academic community.
Third World, were, (and are) trade : on .,the:. vulnerability of;
destined to hold high positions in -student; foreign or- American, or!
their home countries in a relative- use thoughts or written state-'
ly few years. They were much meats expressed in confidence to
easier to recruit at American a teacher for recruitmen
.schools. :,when. they.might have .purposes. :s, t,;..,. -
a needfornioney,'vhere they Regardng'CIA" use-`"-0
could,be easily compromised, and academics, 'the Senate; Selec
where foreign i security services Committee on' Intelligence ' wrote
could ;not interfere :than.-they: in its -1976 report:::'"If the CIA i
would be--when = they; returned to serve the intelligence needs *0
home. the nation, it must have unfet
"To spot and evaluate. these tered access,:'to the best advi
students, the Clandestine Services and judgment our universities can
maintained a . contractual : rela produce.. But.., this advice 'and
tionship with. key professors= on expertise can and should
numerous campuses.::; When a.,':openly-_. sought':;and :openl
professor had picked out a likely even.'
candidate, he notified.his contact ,: In. affidavits filed .. in a. case
at the CIA and, on occasion,-par- brought by a California man
ticipafed"'1$ thei actual':recruit-seeking records of CIA involve-
ment attempt." ment with the University of Cali-
VictorMarchetfi-and John D. forma, the CIA said ties with-
Marks wrote that in 1974 in their academics are very often kept
book, "The CIA and the Cult of in- secret at the,academic's request.,
telligence.". This :method of re- Academics_ :apparently are
cruitment of foreigners continues concerned they will be badgered
today, as CIA Director Stansfield and persecuted should their CIA
Turner told a meeting of the connections become known.
American Association of Univer- But such secrecy might raise
sity Professors on June 10. Turner questions about the integrity of
the college. or university, as it has
said only-a-"fe9--out the 120,000" -
said withthe. University of California-
foreigners. stu
this country are: recruitc uitededing id' East year; Harvard University es-
try are re, and tablished guidelines that allo
that the. CIA's recrultingprocess.=;
{: Harvard and its staff: to do co
is no moresecret..than#:that. of,
.. .
private businesses. suiting work for ,intelligence
agencies; but only if contracts are
Despite- Tnrner's-asiurances, : made public; staff: members who
we are bothered-to learn=that'this ":violate the guidelines Iasi be
recruitment, practice. continues dismissed Y .., .
and that.; U.S:.-.academics.,still .,:..That's a policy ather_academi
maintain secret ties with the CIA: `? institutions 'should follow. The olds
We can. accept atteacber doing CIA-school - tie l shouldn't b
.research?for..the?CIA'L--.provided -.allowed to.. hang undisturbed. in
that teacber'vconnection is- not' the closet b.t a- -. A.
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 Approved For Release 2006/01/30 : CIA-RDP88-01315R000100020
THE CHRONICLE OF HIGHER EDUCATION
19 June 1978
Thrner Says the GIA recruits Foreign -u en
in U. S. , DefendsAgency's Ise of Professors
_`z"51r-,.AtV?, t+
CHRONICtt P$OTOO7lAPK BY ?NtLIP W. SSMAX
Morton Halperin, a critic of the Central Intelligence Agency, questions Stansf old Turner, its director, at professors' meeting,:
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25X1
By ELLEN K. COUGHLIN
NEW HAVEN,CONN.
Stansfield Turner, director of the Central Intelligence Agency.
says his agency is recruiting "a few" of the more than 200,000
foreign students in this country, but that the contacts are
"without coercion, entirely free, and entirely a matter of choice"
for the students.
Addressing the annual meeting here of the American A,ssoci.
ation of University Professors, Mr. Turner said the recruitment
of foreign students and professors on U.S. campuses via