STAFF NOTES: MIDDLE EAST AFRICA SOUTH ASIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000400040040-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 11
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 16, 2005
• Sequence Number: 40
• Publication Date: August 14, 1975
• Content Type: REPORT

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~~pCff~ irrr:
Middle East
Africa
South Asia
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Secret
139
No. 0843/75
August 14, 1975
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MIDDLE EAST - AFRICA - SOUTH ASIA
Nigeria: Tough Stand on
Corruption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Tanzania-Ugand;?.: Taking Amin
Seriously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Israel: Future in the UN . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Aug 14, 1975
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Nigeria
Tough Stand on Corruption
The new military government is taking a strong
public stand against corruption, which is widely
prevalent in the Nigerian political system. The
recently appointed military governors have been
admonished not to tolerate abuse of power or graft
and are already dismissing large numbers of allegedly
corrupt officials.
At this point it does not appear that former
high officials of the Gowon regime--popularly thought
to have been corrupt--will be investigated or punished
as demanded by the press and student groups. Although
continued public clamor could compel the government
to move against some lesser figures associated with
Gowon, the generous treatment accorded members of
his government so far has created an impression of
statesmanlike restraint and contributed to the accep-
tance of the new regime.
The new leadership presumably is aware of the
political risks of letting its anti-corruption campaign
get out of hand. Unrestrained accusations against
former senior officers could prompt counter charges
against some members of the new regime who may not be
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Tanzania-Uganda
Taking Amin Seriously
US personnel working in Dodoma, the future
capital now being built in central Tanzania, have
been ordered by the government to build air raid
shelters as a precaution against Ugandan bombing.
Tanzanian fears of air raids may have been
increased by Amin's announcement on August 9 that
fedayeen pilots are now serving with the Ugandan
air force. Although we cannot confirm that Pales-
tinian pilots are in Uganda, any such assistance
would help overcome Uganda's shortage of pilots
for its MIG 17s and 21s. Lack of pilots has been
Uganda's major deficiency with respect to the
Tanzanians. In 1972, after the unsuccessful Tan-
zanian-supported Ugandan exile raids into Uganda,
the Ugandan air force raided the Tanzanian city of
Bukoba by pushing explosives out the door of a
transport aircraft.
Amin's retaliation against Nyerere for his
efforts to prevent the holding of the OAU summit
in Kampala will probably not go beyond threats and
propaganda attacks for the time being. Amin is
preoccupied with his new role as OAU chairman and
is anticipating an extensive schedule of foreign
trips, including one to the September UN General
Assembly session in New York.
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The meeting later this month of the nonaligned
countries in Lima will be a watershed in the campaign
to expel or suspend Israel from the 30th UN General
Assembly or, at the least, to secure sanctions against
Tel Aviv for refusing to comply with UN resolutions.
The campaign, thus far, has had its ups and downs.
In June, at the regional preparatory meetings for the
Lima conference at Tehran and Cairo, the Arabs secured
resolutions calling for the exclusion of Israel from
the UN Human Settlements Conference scheduled for 1976
in Canada.
At the conference's regional meetings in Geneva
and Caracas, other delegations immediately countered
this move, however, by introducing statements extoll-
ing "universality" in the UN. The Islamic foreign
ministers, meeting last month in Jidda,, Saudi Arabia,
called for the ouster of Israel from the UN, its related
agencies, and all international conferences.
The Arab militants were not so successful, however,
at the Organization of African Unity summit in Kampala.
The African heads of state rejected resolutions demand-
ing Israel's expulsion or suspension from the UN. The
Arabs came away from Kampala with a watered-down resolu-
tion calling for increased pressure on Israel, "includ-
ing the possibility of eventually depriving it of its
membership" in the UN.
The OAU position represented a shift for many
African states; nearly all had broken diplomatic rela-
tions with Israel after the 1973 war. The Africans'
decision on Israel primarily reflects their dissatis-
faction with the meager assistance given them by the
OPEC countries.
During the Lima nonaligned conference--August 25
to 29--the Arabs will try to regain the momentum they
lost in Kampala. The results of their efforts will
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depend in large part on the status of Egyptian-
Israeli disengagement negotiations and the resistance
of some nonaligned countries to the radicals' demands.
If a Sinai disengagement agreement has been concluded
or seems close by the time of the Lima conference,
the Egyptians are likely to oppose any move to expel
or suspend Israel. They would be supported by some
Africans and the Yugoslavs.
It is unlikely that the issue will be brought up
next month at the UN's Seventh Special Session on
economic cooperation and development. Both developing
and developed countries have worked hard in two prepa-
ratory meetings to prevent the more radical states
from taking control of the session. Many of the
developing as well as developed states believe that
raising the Israeli issue will break up a conference
they consider very important.
At the UN General Assembly itself, the Arabs will.
probably follow closely the method used to suspend
South Africa from last year's session. Then, as in
previous years, the General Assembly voted not to
accept the credentials of the South African delega-
tion, but departed from previous procedure when the
General.Assembly president--Algeria's Bouteflika--
interpreted the credentials vote as a call for suspen-
sion. His decision was upheld in a subsequent vote.
Under this pressure, South Africa withdrew from the
session.
The UN charter requires a recommendation from the
Security Council before a member can be suspended or
expelled. Britain and France would join the US in
vetoing any such proposal directed against Israel.
Israel, however, could suffer a fate similar to
that of South Africa if the Africans and some of the
Arabs believe Tel Aviv has not been cooperating on
moving toward another disengagement agreement.
The French, who hope not to antagonize the non-
aligned countries, probably will exert pressure on
Gaston Thorn of Luxembourg, president of the next:
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General Assembly, to repeat the Bouteflika ruling on
South Africa. Such a decision on South Africa would
be viewed as a dangerous precedent by the Israelis.
The radical Arabs, such as the Syrians, Libyans,
and the Palestine Liberation Oraanizafinn. are still
calling for Israel's expulsion.
Egypt now publicly says that it would be best
for Israel to stay in the UN, obliged to fulfill UN
resolutions but still subject to the threat of sus-
pension in case of noncompliance.
The rifts among the Third World and nonaligned
countries on the issue and how far some of them will
go in opposing strong action against Israel will be-
come clearer at Lima. There have been signs in recent
days that some momentum is developing for, a less radi-
cal position.
Yugoslavia, for example, is adamantly opposed
to Israel's suspension or expulsion and is making
attempts to persuade others to adopt this view. A
Yugoslav official recently said that Belgrade would,
if necessary, break with the nonaligned camp for the
first time by refusing to sign any declaration calling
for such a step.
A crack in African support for Arab causes--as
shown in Kampala--is also evident. The Arabs already
have found it difficult to tie the Israeli issue to
the more emotionally charged South African situation
when dealing with the black African states.
During informal discussions among Western leaders
at Helsinki last month, the EC countries agreed to
make bilateral approaches--as opposed to a Community
approach--to the nonaligned countries to discourage
an initiative against Israel. Thus far, however,
only France, Great Britian, the Netherlands, and Italy
have approached Third World countries with their views.
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The EC earlier issued a statement calling for
continued dialogue among all UN member states to
reaffirm the universal nature of the UN. The govern-
ments of Mexico, Zaire, Austria, and Canada, among
others, have made forceful statements of opposition
to Israel's suspension or expulsion from the UN.
The West European Socialist leaders last month also
pledged solidarity against any Arab initiative to
expel Israel.
The Soviets have expressed particular interest
in the Israeli question, but seem intent on not
taking any public position.
Tel Aviv has decided to fight hard to keep its
delegation in the General Assembly. Prime Minister
Rabin, for instance, attended the recent gathering of
West European Socialist leaders in Stockholm primarily
to argue Israel's case.
Tel Aviv has pointedly raised the issue of the
effect its suspension from the General Assembly could
have on UN involvement in Middle East peace efforts.
Foreign Minister Allon told the Knesset in late July
that Israel would have to "reconsider" its policy
toward UN activities if the Arabs succeeded in their
campaign. He later told reporters that he would recom-
mend to the government that it order a suspension of
UN activities in Israel and oppose UN participation
in Geneva peace conference activities.
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