HIGHER MARITIME EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R014300510005-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 24, 2006
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: October 21, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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FEB 1952 b1-4AA
SECRET
SECURITY INFORMATION
INFORMATION REPORT REPORT NO.
CD NO.
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT Higher Marit-111'~e Educational Ixnstitutions
25X1
25X1A
DATE DISTR. 21 Oct o 1952
NO. OF PAGES
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO.
REPORT NO.
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES, WITHIN THE MEANING OF TITLE 18, SECTIONS 795
AND 794, OF THE U.S. CODE, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REVE-
2 IATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT BY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
PROHIBITED BY LAW. THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
0
25X1X
25X1
L. A :t schools prepay: mg rRornnne' f.o,,r the Ministry of the Merchant Fleet C.~a r e 25X1
s,uhc da.nate to the Ctd.e.~ Dire.tor~ate of Educational Institutions (GU'J2)
The three tr, ~,gher? institution > prepariing persons on. m,he university le rel
Th M hd Ft A (
aseeran,eecademyAkadem !ya Morsko Io F of
The Mar'irike Er,.gin:eering Institute in Odessa, 25X1
Three higher navigation schools in Leningrad Odessa9 and Vladivostoko
The Merchant Fleet A:':adewy
Thi - academy is located in. Leningrad, Vasiievskiy Ostr ov9 21st Liniya, in the same
building as the Higher Navigational School. The Academy was established in 1949 to
provide advanced education for higher employees of the MMFO The main reason was
that a large number of distinguished Party .members, without the necessary training
and experience, had been appointed to leading positions in,MMF organizations. The
ac_nadei y has two departments, (fake:, t ti) as follows-
a. Administration and Management (Ektiploatatsionnyy)Awhich gives advanced training
t,o h .gh adrrtxnistrat,i.ve personnel of steamship companies and, ports
>o Marine Erxg_ neeri^.g (Sud.o lekhanilrcheskiy), which provides training for high
adnr.inisirative personnel of MI+ ' shipyards and ship repair yards.
NSRB
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Students enrolled in either of these departments are officers of the
MMF with college education; and practical experience.. They must'have..
served at. least five years in leading positions with organizations
and agencies of the Mme', such as directors of steamship col anieis, '
directors of shipyards and'repair yards The age limit is 0 years
and the annual contingent of students is 120.
The selection,of candidates is,made on the.basis of the annual quota,
determined by the Committee for Higher Education, USSR Council of
Ministers,, This quota is sent to TUZ which prepares breakdowns.
(limity) for all the lavks (chief directorates) which loses such high
personnel in their fie ,agencies, The lavks in turn prepare the
breakdown for all steamship companies, yards, and ports which are
subordinate to them, The field agencies select the indivi uals.who
are.to attend the academy and forward the lists to their respeotive...
lavke. The lists-of prospective students., subject to the approval
o hi lavks, are forwarded to they". of Pere?el,
pn . (Glavnoye Upravleniye Kadrov), where a second., though foraasi, check
is made. In practice the approval given by the lavks where all the
25X1 candidates are personnally well known, is final aal-t lough officially,
the ultimate decision lies with the 'sinister of the Merchant Fleet.
The academie year begins in October and the course lasts two years'.
(b) Students of both departments are taught the' following 070 eats `._
together: theory of Marxism-Leninism and dialectical 'materialism;
political economy; budgeting-and cost-accounting (Khozrasehet)
with special emphasis on the financial activities'. of the F'
organizations; rules for technical exploitation of vessels.,-
(0) Only the students in. the administration faculty are. tight the.
following: organization of,maritime transports (organisatsiy&
Morakikh Transportov); organization of work in ports,; planning
of maritime transports,
(d) The special subjects for students in the marine sngineering
faculty are: organization of ship', repair (Organizatsiya
8ndoreeRonta).; planning of ship repair
25X1 (e) Ione, 'of the.
tion of Maritime Transports".
f) After completing their course, the, students took a final esamination,
were given diplomas, and. assigned to now positions, Al a rule,
graduates of this academy were not sent back to their previous'
organizations,
g) While they were at the academrq,students retained their full
salaries -and 'ranks. Room, board, and books were provided b the
'. (For a time students had been given an 'll wanae,of 300
rubles per month but this was abolished in 1949.,Q)
i~ieer,`Ravigati4n Schools .
There are a total of three higher navigation schools in.Leningrad;
Vladivostok,and Odessa. the Leningrad school ishlocated.on Yasi1 6
evskiy Ostrov, 21st Linty,. Th essa school s on'Meol~ikova
Ulitsa, close to the.iarine Engineering Institute.
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25X?T. the Odessa Higher Navigation School and the
Information on it, dating back to 1945, would also apply to the two
others which are organized and operated on the same pattern.. Theme.
higher navigation schools were created in 1944 when the existing
maritime technical institutions (Morskiye Tekhnikumy) were reorganized.
The annual enrollment in each school is about 200 students.
8. In 1945 the head of the Odessa school was Kravchuk (fnu), Engineer
Director General, NF, Third Class. His deputy, the director for
education, was Euryzhkin (fnu), an army engineer with the rank of
25X1 major. the names of any other personnel. The
school had the following raculties:
(a) Navigation (Sudovoditel'skiy)
(b) Marine Mechanics (Sudo-nekhanicheokiy)
(c) Electrical engineering (Elektro-mekhanicheskiy)
25X1 ( d) Radio engineering (Radio-tekhnicheskiy)
(e) Ship repair (Sudo-remontnyy)
In all the faculties the course lasted five to five and a half
years, normally divided into 10 semesters. For the first four
years the students in the mechanical and the.ship repair faculties
`took the same courses. In the last year they had separate courses.
(b) The entrance requirements were 10 years of education and a clean
political record. Priority was given to children of ,sailors and
employees of the Merchant Fleet. The age limit was 23 years and
the candidates had to undergo a very strict physical examination;
they had to take a general education examination and in addition
to this there was always a competitive examination to eliminate
the numerous candidates which the school could not accept. Appli-
.cants who had completed 10 years. of education with excellent
results (bearers of gold medals) were exempted from the general
examination and were accepted within the limits of the competi-
tive examination on a priority basis.
(c) Accepted candidates, called "kandidat-kirsant", were sent,
immediately after enrollment, for one year practical training
wehips. This naval 'apprent:.aeship was compulsory and co t d
in working as sailors, stokers,and in other low positions
25X1 II. At the end of this stage, students were sent bas to 25X1
?school..for their theoretical-instruction.
(d) The academic year was divided in the following way: there were
two instruction periods, .from September to December and from
February to May, each followed by an examination period of two
is 'four weeks.* Each summer there was a compulsory practical
training period which lasted two months. During this time students
of the navigation faculty were sent on a cruise while the students
of the other faculties, except radio-engineering, toot their
practical. training in the school's workshops (uchebno-~proizvods-
tvennyye masterskiye). where the radio-engineering
students underwent practlowl Training! This schedule was
followed, without much variation, by the students in navigation,,. 25X1
electro-engineering and radio engineering faculties.
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(e) After two years in the school the students of the mechanical
and ship repair faculties were sent for practical training on
steamships to familiarize themselves with engines and boilers.
Their third training period was spent on ships with Diesel
engines to acquire practical expetience with them. The following
year they were sent to shipyards and repair yards to become
familiar with ship building and ship overhauls. The~last phase
of practical training, lasting three months, consisted in an
overseas voyage for the students in the mechanical faculty and
more work in the shipyards for the other group.
10. After 10 semesters the students were given a subject for a thesis
(diplomnyy proekt) which had to be presented andoddefended dbeforeQthe
examination board three or four months later. per
of the students failed this examination and were given a chance to
take it again the following year. The successful students were give
engineer diplomas as follows:
(a)
Navigation faculty:
nautical engineers
(b)
Mechanical faculty:
marine mechanical engineers
(c)
Electrical engineering faculty: marine electrical engineer
(d)
FAdio engineering faculty: marine radio engineer
(e)
Ship repair faculty.: shipyard engineer
According to the results obtained in their school record graduate
students were given the rank of lieutenant (Technical lt) or senior
lieutenant (Sen Teehn it) in the Merchant Fleet. At the same time
they received their reserve commissions for the same ranks in the Navy.
11. The appointments to positions were made according to the needs of the
service with no consideration of individual desires 25X1
The prevailing regulations'stipulate that newly promoted o cer of
the Merchant Fleet have to stay on their jobs for at least three
years in order to repay the state for the expenses incurred by their
free. education. Since 1939 all positions in the W and the Ministry
of the River Fleet are considered as military service. All the
personnel are under military juriadietion and no one can leave his
position even after the compulsory three-year term of service,.
Offenders are brought before Maritime Courts (Vodnyy Tribunal), set.
up on the pattern of courts-martial, and tried for absence"withbxt`
leave or desertion. The penalty for an unauthorized absence of
24-48 hours would be some five years of forced labor. Although
martial law, proclaimed for the ministries of the Merchant Fleet and
the River Fleet-in 1941, was lifted in 1948,all other mobilization
regulations have remained in force. Disciplinary. and court-martial
regulations of the Merchant Fleet are almost the same as those for
the Navy,
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