IMAGERY ANALYSIS REPORT EXPANSION OF CHINESE IRON AND STEEL PLANTS(Sanitized)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79T00919A000100250001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 65
• Document Creation Date: December 28, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 8, 2003
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 1, 1967
• Content Type: REPORT

DIRECTORATE OF
INTELLIGENCE
Imagery Analysis Report
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Top Secret
DDI/IAR 85014
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ion ecret
Expansion of Chinese Iron and Steel Plants
Declass Review by NIMA/DOD
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COPY
PAGES
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This study of four major and 27 secondary iron and steel plants,
representing all but a fraction of this Communist Chinese industry,
reveals continued expansion since the fall of 0 The largest portion
of the expansion occurred in the steel making, fabrication, and rolling
facilities. Two basic oxygen furnace buildings for steel making have
r been firmly identified, one at the Shih-thing-shan Iron and Steel Plant and
the other at the Shang-hai Iron and Steel Plant No. 1, and one is tentatively
identified at the Taxi-yuan Iron and Steel Plant. Five rolling mills have
been lengthened, a new 1,910-foot rolling mill has been completed at the
Tai-yuan Iron and Steel Plant, and a new 2,350-foot rolling mill has been
completed at the Wu-han Iron and Steel Plant. Two side-blown converter
shops were converted to rolling mills, and the construction of four other
rolling mills was seen in progress. In addition, four new fabrication
buildings were constructed and three were seen in the early stages of
construction. Also noted was the removal of several of the smaller blast
yr furnaces.
In all, expansion or modification was observed at 16 Communist Chinese
iron and steel plants. Of these 16, 13 underwent major expansion.
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- r _ i I__-on and Steei l'.ant. . . . . . . c
I on and S..ce I:.ant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
ji,Ui- :_)n and SteeL P ant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
.eeamt.cee SteeL Pipe Plant , , . . . . . . . . . . .
iron P_an t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . l t
- Pt ILon G.rtd Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
c: i Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
unfr-chi i r r Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
on and S.,eel FLant. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Steei Pant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
r~-, ~io~ r Iron and S tee- Plant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
_ant-t.n Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2"(
i,n-rug . l:ron and Steel Pant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
1 P'. ant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
it;, Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
-r i,irrs; Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~5
U-?: :U on and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .? f
;'nn and Steel P-ant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
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Shang-hai Iron and Steel Plant No. 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Shang-hai Iron and Steel Plant No. 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Shang-hai Iron and Steel Plant No. 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Siren-yang Iron and SteeL Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Shih-thing-shan Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Shih-tsui-shan Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Tai-yuan Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Tang-shan Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Ta-yeh Iron and Steel P-_ant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Tien-ching Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Ti -hua Iron and Steel Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Wu-han Iron and Stee Plant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
TabLes
Table I. New Construction at Chinese Iron
and Steel Plants Studied . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Table II. Summation of Major Facilities Observed
at Chinese Iron.and Steel Plants Studied. . . . . 62
Illustrations
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Figure 1. Location Map . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Figure 2. An-nin Iron and Steel Plant,
(photograph . . . . . . . . . . 9
Figure 3. Canton Iron and Steel Plant,
I I photograph). . . . . . . . . . . 12
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Chen.-t?.a Sc mless Stee_'_ Pipe P I ant ,
prioto;~aph
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(ph-utograph) .
p1iot:)graph) . .
and Steel Plant,
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photograph) . . . . . . . . . . . .
photograph) . .
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I w hog:raph )
(photograph) . . . . . . . . . .
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photograph) . . . . . . . . . .
32
(photograph).
(photograpn) . . . . . . . . . .
36
Pao- Lou Iron and Steel Plant,
photograph) . .
photograph) . . . . . . . . . .
Bien-yang iron and Steel Plant,
(pho tograpii) . . .
Shire-thing-span Iron anti Steel Plant,
(pho t o graph) . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Tai-Juan Iron and Stee._ Plan t,
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photograph) . . . . . . . . . . . .
02
ti' rurc
'bier-thing Weed Plant,
photograph). .
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Figure 20. Ti-hua Iron and Steel Plant.,
(photograph) . . . . . . . . . 58
Figure 21. Wu-han Iron and Stee_i PLant,
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This report is based on photographic coverage
of 31 iron and steel plants in Communist ina. search for additional
iron and steel plants reported at Hsi-chang (27-53N 102-18E) and Hsi-ning
(36-4ON 101-50E) failed to reveal any iron or steel making facilities.
The purpose of this study was to identify any new construction or
~.r modification revealed by recent photography of the major Communist Chinese
iron and steel plants. When early l_ photography was not available,
imagery was utilized. In order that recent changes be reported I
low were made by the Imagery Analysis Service project analyst. The NPIC/TID
measurements are considered to be accurate within + 5 feet or + 5%,
whichever is greater.
imagery was also used. This report includes annotated photographic enlarge-
ments of the plants where significant new facilities have recently been
constructed. Enlargements are also included of the plants where previously
unreported facilities have been identified.
All measurements have been made by the NPIC Technical Intelligence
Division with the exception of those indicated by an asterisk (*), which
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m!r>Labbing mill, rolling mill, a firebrick ?lant, and a >tatic
A--nine iron and Steel Plant is located I lutical r~t -e (nr_) o r~
,7, China, at L'4--55i 102-30E (Figure 1, It rr. 1).
) i ties e ,weE~n The r.lant
tour medium blast furnaces, two side-blown converter -ho~ons. a.
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imagery. The static construction e'ca has not, changed
it wal,s first seen nn imagery.
'i'vr not at 'ion
Facility
Brick -..n:1 Plant
~Latic Construct on Area
Firebrick Plant
Boiling Mill
Blooming/Slabbin ill
S i.dc-Blown Conve ter Shop
Pour Medium Bias 'urnaces
Materials Ya c;
S i dry-Blown C.-)rise ter Shot
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FIGURE 2. AN-NING IRON AND STEEL PLANT,
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AN-SHAH IRON AND STEEL PLANT
The An-shan Iron and Steel Plant is located in the northwest sector
of An-shan, China, at 41-08N 122-59E (Figure 1, Item 2).
This plant was studied from imagery of
During this time interval no significant change occurred to the
plant's facilities. All facilities at the plant appeared highly active
on both dates.
This plant contains twelve by-products coke oven batteries with
an associated by-products area, ten large blast furnaces, three open
hearth furnace buildings, a thermal power plant, a soaking pit, five
rolling mills, an iron ore processing plant, and a limestone preparation
plant.
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CANTON IKON ANN) STEEL FLA T!
ilbcl Canton moron all Steel Plant is located or. the southwest euge ci
China, ai, 23-O4iu 113-14E (Figure 1, Iten .
Anal sip cif' this plant was accomplished fi sr. imagery
During this tim? interval the only _nang=
rrr,j,t occurred was LIAP ~.-rnstruction of a pi bable rolling mill.
i :r. ro I_'..i.ng mill was still in the early stages o- cunstruct _ on on th:_
available imagery of the plant dated
t i i7 f. Les at this plant include two uy ~~uucts oee ~,verr
IA_rif_s vim Limit(_d by-product: section, t,l,,o nedium blast t ur:raes
in, Slabbing mill.. , and a building foundat io, These f j.ci ! it _es
.red moderately active on
,at ions are -tieyed so F ig'or
lnnotat ion ciliLy
-- _t i de-Blown on
1'5,x0 Medium via.
;do By-Product
;ke B, -Prrriuc
'robable P.ci
o Abandoned
Blooming and t
_'robabler abr
I3,: j lding loans
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sober Shop
;.tubing ML-is
Furnaces
;oke Oven Bai:teries
Section
Mill (u,"")
last Furnace.
asbing Mi:-
ation Buijditng
ition
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FIGURE 3. CANTON IRON AND STEEL PLANT,
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Thee Cheng-tu Seamless Steel Pipe Plant is for ,.ted on the southeast
((,agae of Cheng-tu, China, at 30-38N l04-06E (hi.a;ur 1, Item +).
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/do analysis of this plant was accomplished f, )rr: imagery
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one roing mi was len eney -nroximateiy 1,00 feet-. between a sec( -)d rolling mill was
,ngthened by approximately 250 feet*, and a prodl:er gas plant and six
uG p .rt buildings were constructed. The facilitie at the rl apt nn-:w
consist of two rolling mills, two fabrication biii 7i.ngs, a producer gas
;: Lant , and numerous support buildings. All. oe the fa.cili t ' e=s appeared
Hi,oO y active on the three missions from which the were anaalrzed.
The, following annotations are keyed to Figure 14:
1lnnotation h'acility
l~ Lolling ML 1
-' ho ling Mi1 Ac ? ; ti_on (ae ros. x'50 feet)
3 ?rc; t'abricat or duild.ings
Hailing Mill Ac iit.ion (ar,r,rox. 1,200 feet)
5 hollinp- Mill
6'reducer Gas P] ? nT
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I't _, Chiang-yu iron Plant is located 76 n.m n107, r;-northwest of Cheng-tu,
'~1in;A an the
ru-chi ark River at 31.-~+61v 101+-1~F;F ' Figure l., Item 5) .
h plant was stldied from imagery
''he changes during this time interva. 1nc the c ;m;,lete construction
two i.bricati on buildings and 33 support build '~cs
and the initial
,
Mnccruc't j on of two
coke fabrication buildings The facilities now consist
tight beehive e ovens, two small blast fern, es, four fabrication
oil 1 I ~n (two of them under construction), a roll i r~:, m.i 11, cod ntunercos
:cpport huildin.s. All facilities appeared moiler oly active on
I I
PEI: f'oLlowing annotations are keyed to Figure 5:
Annotation Facility
Fight Beehive C l: Ovens
Probable kahri r s on Bui l d i n (li/C )
3 Two Small. Blast '4,.Arnaces
6 I'wo Fabri_ cat i or ` idi ng
Ti ng 14iii
6
2robable Facrie S on Build i n (ti/C )
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?a(- :'tciu-chu:m.n iron and Steel Plant is locate nm nort,;west ';P
China, at 3l)-]+8N 098-20E (Figure 1. I ~rn 6).
n na ysic of this plant was accomplished Cr r imagery dated
During this time i nt;e 'c ~?7 relatively
-_~st
two by-product:; coke oven batteries, a by products section, 3.r!cw
-r-ion bull i .nc-. The blast furnace and rib cation biz i ]din arcs
i i;iv.l stages o-' construction, but further c t;ruction appears to
cceecn stopneci, Construction on the two by-ran ,c,ts coke ven batteries
products section appears inactive a.nr' i till in ' n arty
'hic omG 1c t< ci tar i i ties at the plant consi.,t ' I P beehive cone oven,.-,,
cation builiiri-, and a thermal power plat.. f these t'aci Iities,
Power p_l nt appears active. This power n -r-, is prnba.bly c;pera.tine'
eve the housing rtnt_i, support facilities in .~~e Fnter o' the plant area.
tutotat i_on
3eehi.ve Coke wens
e?rmal Power P ' rt
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roducts i:.' k Wren Sector ;
By-', rnd is -,s ise Oven: (C'/C )
I,:t.ree Blast F'~tr_ :.ce
]~ brication cci i nee
5 :.b' lcation Psi ii rig (U/!'
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FIGURE 6. CHIU-CHUAN IRON AND STEEL PLANTI
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The Chu-chiang (Shao-kuan) Iron and Steel Pl< Lt is located '( nm south-
outt,east of Chu-chiang, China, at 24-42N ll_;-37~ (Figure 1, Item 7).
Al comparative analysis of this plant was math from imagery dated
`PhE analysis revealed no
rhan4re y: :o the facilities between The plant
:ippears abandoned and deteriorated with only one ::tail blast furnace and
:rle fabrication building still identifiable.
Tho' following annctations are keyed to FlourE
Annotation Facility
cabrication !Bu. ding
I ['last Furnace
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The Chung-ching Iron and Steel Plant is located on the west bank
of the Yangtze River 3 nm south-southwest of Chung-ching, China, at
29-29N l06-29E (Figure 1, Item 8).
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A study of this plant was made from imagery dated 25X1
The study revealed no significant change during is
time interval. e plant was seen o Aerating at a high level ono 25X1
photographic missions from The plant contains 25X1
two by-products coke oven batteries with an associated by-products area,
two medium blast furnaces, four small blast furnaces, a foundry, a side-
blown converter shop, a two-stack open hearth furnace building, and three
:rolling mills.
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facilities at ,he plant consist
'I'hll Fu-shun Iron and Steel Plant is located
`,-shun, China, at 4L-50N 123-48E (Figure 1.
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but since that time they have shown tittle
of eight echive coke. evens,
an ore pr naration plant, four
a forge/ "oundry complex containinoo
beehive ;ke ovens and the
phc ographic missions
The coke ovens and blast furnaces appeared
active on
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fabrication
furnaces,
building and
All facilities
appeared highly
]lit following annotations are keyed to Figure L:
Annotation F'anilit I Ore Concentra.ti n. Plant
I Rolling Mi7_l
3 :Rolling Mill.
4 + -i.ght Beehive C :ce Ovens
5 One Small and T:i Medium Blast Furnaces
6 Fa.bri cation Bui ding
7 Polling Mill (F emer side-blown converter
the western section
;em 9).
A comparative anal sis of this plant made frc photographic imagery
revealed the Mange of n side-blown
= < op into a a rica ion building (Annota ion 7 Fi_ur ). No
"j.rtrner change has been observed on photography
small. and two medium blast
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ix buildings.
;ias f, furnaces
i c i'
shop)
Rolling Mill.
Forge/Foundry C -,)I-ex
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The Fu-la-erh-chi Steel Plant is located in the southern sector of
Fu-la-erh-chi, China, at I7-llN 123-37E (Figure 1, Item 10).
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The study revealed no significant change to the plant's
facilities. The facilities at the plant consist of an open hearth furnace
building with two stacks, a foundry,three heavy machine shops, and a
producer-gas plant. Smoke seen emanating from the stacks serving the open
hearth furnace building and the producer-gas plant on 25X1
coverage indicates a high degree of activity.
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'I're Hang-chou (Pan-span) Iron and Steel Plant s located h on north
li,an --chou, China, at '0-21N 120-10E (Figure 1, tem 11).
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iirrl.oces, a side-blown converter shop, a fabrica.tic j building, and two
chin -chops. The plant; appeared moderately activ oon imagery dated
imagery revealed no change to the rlar,'s facilities.
p._Lnt contains six beehive coke oven batteries, three medium blast
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e following annotations are keyed to Figure !:
Facility
Three Medium Pia. r Furnace::
Machine Shop
Ntacrii.ne ~fhoi,
:six Beehive lute ),ren Batt` ries
ii'.abrication boil i rg;
S idee-Blown Cunve cur Shop
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FIGURE 9. HANG-CHOU IRON AND STEEL PLANT,
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TIn U
~- r ,, an 4- ~ ~s, T ~,n,~,n end .-,+eel F ~ e,nt , s ~ ^~atea ~ .tr
Hs _anrz-tan, Chin., at 7-48w 1 1 %_94F (Fj f'u.lre 1 Item 1?
anal-ysis of tr is plant from nd
lr-- ee ry- r veaery no significant change to t
- fac__1_t, es,
contains o-^e b~-^ o- is coke oven b tte,, ,_tr an associa+o~..
I
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HSUAN-HUA IRON AND STEEL PLANT
The Hsuan-hua Iron and Steel Plant is located on the southern edge
of Hsuan-hua, China, at 39-36N 115-02E (Figure 1, Item 13).
A study of this plant from l
2'rre
photography revealed the dismantling of five small blast furnaces.
ilities at the plant now consist of four medium and 11 small blast
fac
IM furnaces, a limestone preparation plant, a side-blown converter shop, and
two by-products coke oven batteries with an associated by-products area.
A moderate level of activity was seen or.
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The Lu-ta Steel Plant is located in the r.r,rt ern section of T-u-ta,
;hina, at 38-58N 121-37E (Figure 1, Item 14).
A comparative analysis of this plant from nh-tngraphic coverage
La's side-blown converter shop into a rolling rill (Annotation 16,
i.gure +). The roof o' this building was changed from a monitored roof'
o a saw-tooth roof during this time period. Wit this conversion the
lane has no further capacity to produce steel. he only other change
oted from photographic coverage was the add Lion of one large
+upport building (Annotation 15, Figure 9) to the c:l.ant.
The plant contains. four rolling mills, three t'orge/foundri.es, one
crrge/machine shop, two foundry/machine shops, on- machine shop, three
abrlcation buildings, a thermal power plant, a p ssible pattern shop,
our multi-unit warehouses, and numerous support a ldin s. A moderate
ove_ of` activity was seen on imagery.
'I'h following annotations are keyed to Fi jizr _1,5:
Annotation
evealed th conversion of the
I''acility
Srtgineering Bu !ding
:;rge/Machine : oo
Fabrication Bu._din,g
^'-abrication Budding
?.:sundry/Machine :Sop
'4achine Shcn
Rolling Mill
our Multi-uni- Warehouses
:' randry/Machine Shop
1 ^.< ;hri cation Bu -r_; ng
L~_ ,rge/Foundry
1 ? --ssible P- ,.te i Shop
rmr .i_ Power ant
1_~l ,r o ]forge/Fo znt -i es
Support Bu La-Lng
1 E l Ii ng Mill ?e-riously :i s i de-
awn cora-r- r shop)
A,() Pollinoo i.IL ! :-
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'F'he Ma-an Shan Iron and Steel Plant is located on the east bank of
the Yangtze River approximately 25 rim downstream f?om Wu-hu, China, at
31-43N 118-29E (Figure 1, Item 15).
l study of this plant was accomplished from
'magery. The only change to the plan, during this period
was the removal of five medium blast furnaces. Th= plant now contains two
by-products coke oven batteries with an associated by-products area, nine
].:urge, three medium, and four small blast furnaces, an open hearth furnace
building, three side-blown converter shops, a blooriing/slabbing mill with
a soaking pit, a fabrication building, an iron ore sintering plant, a
probable limestone preparation plant, a fire brick plant, a thermal power
plant, and a rolling mill. These facilities appea?ed highly active on
I imagery.
Annotation
1
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1.1
12
13
14
1.5
A
Facility
Four Small Bias Furnaces
Rlooming/Slabbi:g Mill with a Soaking Pit
Three Side-Blow. Converter Shops
Fire Brick Plan
Four Large Blas Furnaces
Thermal Power P.-ant
Five Blast Furnaces Removed
Probable Limest.ne Preparation Plant
Three Medium Blast Furnaces
Iron Ore Sinter ng Plant
Five Large Blas Furnaces
Two By-Products Coke Oven Batteries
Coke By-Product Plant
Fabrication Bui ding
Open Hearth Fur ace Building
Rolling Mill
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FIGURE 11. MA-AN SHAN IRON AND STEEL PLANT,
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The Nan-chang iron and Steel Plant is located e nm east of :pan-chang,
inc., at 28-38N 115-59E (Figure 1, item 16).
"his plant is served with electric power, `ro an electrical substation
voted 1.2 nm northeast of the plant.
comparative analysis of
revea. Led the lengthening of this plant's rolling m
reet{ (Annotation 5, Figure 11). This was the onl.
t.&, Photograph
r unL;ains only six beehive coke ovens. prior to
wwre either dismantled or allowed to deteriorate.
imagery
1i by approximate y 300
change noted between
c coverage. The plant
44 other ovens
The facilities at the plant include six beehi e coke ovens, two medium
;last furnaces, a side-blown converter shop, a roi ing mill, and a limestone
reparation plant. The beehive coke ovens did not appear active on
cnveruge, but all other facilities appeared highly active on that hate.
'I'hc following annotations are keyed to Figure 12:
'annotation f Ac i l ity
1 Six Beehive Go1 Ovens
Limestone Prepe?at_ion Plant
3 two Medium bIa. Furnaces
Ja tolling Mi_
Audition to 2o. ..ing Mill
bide-Blown torn rter Shop
7 Probable Ferti.,.zer Plant
8 Electric Subste ion
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10
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FIGURE 12. NAN-CHANG IRON AND STEEL PLANT.
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The Nan-ching Iron and Steel Plant is locate 10 nm north Of Nan-chine.
on the northwes-a bank of the Yangtze River at 32-12N 113-1+5E
(Figure 1, Item 17).
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;,;raphiic coverage revealed no significant change t the plant's facilities.
i'he ; lant contains 44 beehive coke ovens, two mod l,r . blast furnaces, a.
,id.e-blown converter shop, a rolling mill, and a inestone preparation
lant. 'These facilities appeared to be only slig tly active on
I coverage.
The following annotations are keyed to Fiour 13:
Annotation
Facility
`}i.ermal Power ant
Co>ehive? coke t o n s (1+4)
i.de-B' own i :gin -rter Shop
killing Mill
Lw Medium Pta T. Furnaces
mestc;ne Frey, ration Plant
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FIGURE 13. NAN-CHING IRON AND STEEL PLANT,
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The Pao-tou iron and Steel Plant is located 1_.5 nm west-n::_-rthwest of
China, at 40-3')_1 109-4bL (Figure 1, lten N) .
photography. This analysis r vealed the completion
_a. soaking pit section (Annotation 9, Figure :13). the completion of a
)Loom ng/slabbing mill ;Annotation 10, Figure 1?,), continued construction
roiling mill (Anne-.anon 12, Figure 13), cent :. aced construction on an
,xterision to the open hearth furnace building (Ann Cation 7, Figure 13),
the construction of an unidentified facility ( nnotation 11, Figure 13).
1eextension of the open hearth furnace building c nearing completion. ana
instruction on the new rolling mill is app-oxmately ,0 per cent
Nfie plant now cont..i,ins three by-products coke oven batteries with
asocciated by-produces section, two large blast furnaces, an open hearth
irnt-~,e building, a the=^mal power plant, a soaking pit, a blcoming/slabbing
.ra.i.I.l, a finishing mill under construction, an ore oncentration plant, an
()re .intering plant, five fabrication buildings, a d a fire brick plant.
addition to these facilities, ten small blase, f rraces in the Pao-ton
area provide iron to th:- iron and steel plant. I n other small blast
.=aces that were in the area have been removed. all production facilities
n..peared highly active on imagery with the exception of four
Annotation
Nacility
Ore Concentra.ti n Plant
Coke By-Product 'lant
!hi-rmal Power Fant
three By-Proouc Coke Oven Batter-'es
Lr- Sinterinxx F ant
;pen Hearth Fur ....ne Building
Sow Addition tc ?,en Hearth Furnace Puil :.ing
Fabrication 'em ..ax
Newly Completed Soaking Pits
1.0 Now Blooming/S1bbing Mill
I1 IJ::,ide nti iedl Fa 11_ity
I_? tiol.l.ing MiSI IJr-r Construction
_I_ l wu Large 1-last Furnaces
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FIGURE 14. PAO-TOU IRON AND STEEL PLANT,
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J'hf Pen-chi Iron and Steel Plant is located i the southwest section
I'eesn-chi, China, at 4L-16N 123-44E (Figure 1, I em 19). An older rortion
the plant is located in the northeast section c' the city at 41-19N
umparative anal-ssis of the facilities at t th locations from
.cktcsi,