MINUTES OF 24 JANUARY 1978 MEETING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP91M00696R000300020002-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 31
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 14, 2004
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: January 25, 1978
• Content Type: MF

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DCI/IC 78-1113
25 January 1978
MEMORANDU.I FOR: Members, Intelligence Definitions
Working Group
Office of Policy and Planning
Intelligence Community Staff
SUBJECT: Minutes of 24 January 1978 Meeting
1. A summary of the 24 January 1978 meeting of the
Intelligence Definitions Working Group is attached for your
information. Also attached is a complete list of definitions
approved by the Group to date. The most recent additions
are asterisked.
2. The next meeting of the Working Group will begin at
1330, 31 January 1978, CHB Room 5Sft
Acting Chairman
Attachment
As stated
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ATTENDEES
DEFINITIONS WORKING GROUP
24 January 1978
Charles E. Wilson
Acting Chairman
STAT I
Capt. L. D. Dahl
Mr. Lee E. Martin
M.r. R. P. Watson
STAT
STAT
Mr. Hugh Smith
NFAC
CIA
State/INR/DDC
DoE
FBI
DIA
NSA (II-IC)
NSA
Navy
IC Staff (OPP)
IC Staff (OPP)
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MINUTES
INTELLIGENCE DEFINITIONS WORKING GROUP
24 January 1978
1. I lopened the meeting by announcing
that he expects to e reassigned by about the end of February,
and that he regretted that he would be unable to see the
definitions project through to its conclusion. He expressed
his satisfaction with the industriousness and progress of
the Working Group to date and his expectation that the Group
would roduce a well-conceived and useful document. STAT
I lasked the Executive Secretary to be Acting Chairman
until his replacement was known and a new Chairman might be
named.
2. The Group discussed the definitions of Intelligence
at some length, finally agreeing on the definition s own in
the updated glossary. It was also noted that the foreword
to an eventual definitions publication would be obliged to
discuss the rationale underlying this definitions and others
that derive (or will be derived) from it.
3. The Group agreed on definitions of Sensitive
Intelligence Sources and Methods, Damage Assessment and
Proprietary. Turning to t e 'Loose-en s Listthe Group
agreed on a definition of National Intelligence Officer
and discarded a proposed redraft of Energy Intelligence,
choosing instead to retain the definition already included
in the glossary.
4. The Group considered a list of terms taken from the
Church Committee report and decided to include Case Officer,
Safe House, and Intelligence Officer in the list o terms to
eceffineT. A definition of Safe House was offered and
accepted; candidate definitions of the remaining two are
attached and will be considered at another meeting.
5. The next meeting of the Working Group will begin
at 1330, 31 January 1978, CHB Room 5509, with consideration
of the "Loose-ends List."
STAT
Acting airman
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CASE OFFICER: A career employee of an intelligence service
who is responsible for providing direction to an agent.
(See Agent).
INTELLIGENCE OFFICER: A professional career employee of an
Intelligence Community organization engaged in intelligence
activities.
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DEFINITIONS WORKING GROUP
APPROVED DEFINITIONS AS OF 20 DECEMBER 1977
ACTIONABLE INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence information that is
directly useful to consumers without having to go through
the full intelligence production process. It may address
strategic or tactical needs, or close-support of US nego-
tiating teams or action elements dealing with such matters
as international terrorism or narcotics.
ADVISORY TASKING: A non-directive statement of intelligence
interest or a request for intelligence information which is
addressed by an authorized element of the Intelligence
Community to departments or agencies having information
collection capabilities or intelligence assets not a part of
the National Foreign Intelligence Program.
AGENT: A person other than an officer, employee or co-opted
worker of an intelligence service who under the direction of
that service engages in clandestine intelligence activity.
AGENT OF INFLUENCE: A person who is manipulated by an
intelligence service to use his position to influence public
opinion or decisionmaking in a manner which will advance the
objective of the country for which that service operates.
ALERT MEMORANDUM: A document issued by the DCI to NSC-level
policymakers to warn them of possible developments abroad,
often of a crisis nature, of major concern to the US. Alert
Memoranda are coordinated within the Intelligence Community
to the extent time permits.
ANALYSIS: A process in the intelligence cycle in which
information is subjected to review in order to identify
significant facts and derive conclusions therefrom.
ASSESS: To appraise the worth of an intelligence activity,
information, or product in terms of its contribution to a
specific goal, or the credibility, reliability, pertinency,
accuracy, usefulness of information in terms of an intelli-
gence need. When used in contrast with "evaluate," assess
implies a weighing against resource allocation, expenditure,
or risk (See Evaluate).
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BASIC INTELLIGENCE: Comprises general reference material of
a factual nature which results from a collection of encyclo-
pedic information relating to the political, economic and
military structure, resources, capabilities and vulnerabilities
of foreign nations.
BIOGRAPHIC(AL) INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence on the
views, traits, habits, s ills, importance, relationships and
curriculum vitae of those foreign personalities of actual or
potential interest to the United States Government.
CARTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence primarily mani-
fested in maps and charts of areas outside the United States
and its territorial waters.
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY PROGRAM (CIAP): See National
Foreign Intelligence Program.
CIPHER: A cryptosystem in which the cryptographic treatment
i.e., the method of transforming plain-text by predetermined
rules to obscure or conceal its meaning) is applied to
plain-text elements (such as letters, digits, polygraphs or
bits) which either have no intrinsic meaning or are treated
without regard to their meaning (e.g., if the element is a
natural-language word).
CLANDESTINE: Secret or hidden; conducted with secrecy by
design.
CLANDESTINE ACTIVITY: Secret or hidden activity conducted
with secrecy by design. (The phrase "clandestine operation"
is preferred. Operations are pre-planned activities.)
CLANDESTINE COLLECTION: The acquisition of intelligence in-
formation in ways designed to assure the secrecy of the
operation.
CLANDESTINE OPERATION: An intelligence information collection
activity or covert political, economic, propaganda and
paramilitary activity conducted so as to assure the secrecy
of the operation. Encompasses both clandestine collection
and covert action.
CLANDESTINE SERVICES: That portion of the CIA that engages
in clandestine activity; sometimes used as synonymous with
the CIA Operations Directorate.
CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY: Those officials within the Executive
Branch who have been authorized pursuant to an Executive
Order to originally classify information or material.
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CODE: A cryptosystem in which the cryptographic equivalents
usually called "code groups"), typically consisting of
letters or digits (or both) in otherwise meaningless combi-
nations, are substituted for plain text elements such as
words, phrases, or sentences.
COLLECTION: See Intelligence Cycle.
COLLECTION REQUIREMENT: An expression of intelligence
information needs which has been sanctioned by the resource
manager and carries at least an implicit authorization to
the field collector to commit resources in acquiring the
needed information. (Also see Intelligence Requirement.)
COMBAT INTELLIGENCE: That knowledge of the enemy, weather,
and geographical features required by a commander in the
planning and conduct of combat operations.
CONSOLIDATED CRYPTOLOGIC PROGRAM (CCP): See National Foreign
Intelligence Program.
COMMITTEE ON EXCHANGES (COMEX): See Director of Central
Intelligence Committee.
COMMITTEE ON IMAGERY REQUIREMENTS AND EXPLOITATION (COMIREX):
See Director o entral Intelligence Committee.
COMMUNICATIONS INTELLIGENCE (COMINT): Technical and intel-
ligence in ormation derived from intercept of foreign
communications by other than the intended recipients.
COMINT does not include the monitoring of foreign public
media nor the intercept of oral or written communication
obtained during the course of foreign counterintelligence
investigations within the United States.
COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY (COMSEC): The protection resulting
from the application o any measures taken to deny unautho-
rized persons information of value which might be derived
from telecommunications or to ensure the authenticity of
such telecommunications.
COMPARTMENTATION: Formal systems of restricted access
established an or managed by the DCI to protect the sensitive
aspects of sources, methods, and analytical procedures of
foreign intelligence programs.
COMPROMISE: The exposure of classified official information
or activities to persons not authorized access thereto.
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COMPUTER SECURITY: The means and procedures to provide
protection for information processed and/or stored in Automated
Data Prodessing (ADP) systems and networks.
CONSOLIDATED INTELLIGENCE RESOURCES INFORMATION SYSTEM
CIRIS : The automated management information system used
to i entify and display the expected distribution of all
intelligence resources within the National Foreign Intel-
ligence Program.
CO-OPTED WORKER: A national of a country but not an officer
or employee of the country's intelligence service who assists
that service on a temporary or regular basis. (In most
circumstances a co-opted worker is an official of the country
but can also be a tourist, student, etc.)
COORDINATION: The process of seeking concurrence from one
or more groups, organizations, and agencies regarding a
proposal or an activity for which they share some responsi-
bility, and which may result in contributions, concurrences
or dissents. In the production of intelligence, the process
by which producers gain the views or other producers on the
adequacy of a specific draft assessment, estimate, or report.
Coordination is intended to increase a product's factual
accuracy, clarify its judgments, resolve disagreement on
issues that permit, and sharpen statements of disagreement
on major unresolved issues.
COVER: Protective guise used by a person, organization, or
in` stallation to prevent identification with clandestine ac-
tivities.
COVERT: See Clandestine. Covert Action has special meaning.
See below.
COVERT ACTION: A clandestine operation designed to influence
foreign governments, events, organizations, or persons in
support of United States foreign policy. Covert action may
include political and economic action, propaganda, and para-
military activities.
COVERT OPERATION: See "clandestine operation" (preferred
term covert operation encompasses covert action and
clandestine collection.
CRYPTOLOGIC ACTIVITIES: The activities and operations
involved in the production of signals intelligence and the
maintenance of communications security.
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CRYPTOLOGY: The branch of knowledge which treats the
principles of cryptography and cryptanalytics and is used to
produce signals intelligence and maintain communications
security.
CRITICAL COLLECTION PROBLEMS COMMITTEE (CCPC): See Director
of Central Intelligence Committee.
CRYPTOSECURITY: The component of communications security
that results from the provision of technically sound crypto-
systems and for their proper use.
CRYPTOGRAPHIC SYSTEM: All associated items of cryptomaterial
e.g., equipments and their removable components which
perform cryptographic functions, operating instructions,
maintenance manuals) that are used as a unit to provide a
single means of encryption and decryption of plain test, so
that its meaning may be concealed. (In addition, code,
cipher, and cryptographic systems include any mechanical or
electrical device or method used for the purpose of disguising,
authenticating, or concealing the contents, significance, or
meanings of communications.)
CRYPTOSYSTEM: See Cryptographic System.
CURRENT INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence of all types and forms
of immediate interest to the users of intelligence; it is
usually disseminated without the delays incident to complete
evaluation or interpretation.
CUSTOMER: A person who uses intelligence or intelligence
in ormation either to produce other intelligence or directly
in the decisionmaking process. Synonymous with Consumer and
User.
* DAMAGE ASSESSMENT: (Intelligence Community Context.) An
evaluation of t e impact of a compromise in terms of loss of
intelligence information, sources or methods, and which may
describe and/or recommend measures to minimize damage and
prevent future compromises. (Military Intelligence Context.)
An appraisal of the effects of an attack on a nation's
military forces to determine residual military capability
and to support planning for recovery and reconstitution.
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DCID 1/2 ATTACHMENT: An annual publication by the Director
of Central Intelligence (DCI) which establishes a priorities
classification system. The publication presents requirements
categories and foreign countries in a geotopical matrix,
against which priorities are assigned which provide the
Intelligence Community with basic substantive priorities
guidance for the conduct of all U.S. foreign intelligence
activities. The document includes a system for adjusting
priorities between annual publications. Priorities are
approved by the DCI with the advice of the National Foreign
Intelligence Board. (See Priority.)
DECEPTION: Those measures designed to mislead a foreign
power, organization or person by manipulation, distortion,
or falsification of evidence to induce him to react in a
manner prejudicial to his interests.
DECLASSIFY: To remove official information from the protective
status a_ orded by security classification.
DECOMPARTMENTATION: The removal of information from a
compartmentation system without attempting to conceal the
source.
DEFECTOR: A national of a designated country who has escaped
from the control of such country, or who, being outside such
jurisdiction and control, is unwilling to return thereto and
is of special value to another government because he is able
to add valuable new or confirmatory information to existing
knowledge about his country.
DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY: Refers to Defense Intelligence
Agency DIA , National Security Agency (NSA) and the Military
Services Intelligence offices including Department of Defense
(DoD) collectors of specialized intelligence through recon-
naissance programs.
DEPARTMENT(AL) INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence produced
and used within a governmental department or agency in order
to meet unique requirements of the department or agency
mission.
DIRECTION FINDING (DF): A procedure for obtaining bearings
on radio frequency emitters with the use of a directional
antenna and a display unit on an intercept receiver of
ancillary equipment.
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DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE (DCI): The President's
principal foreign intelligence adviser- appointed by him with
the consent of the Senate to be the head of the Intelligence
Community and Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
and to discharge those authorities and responsibilities as
they are prescribed by law and by Presidential and National
Security' Council directives.
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE: A committee
established by the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) to
advise him and to perform whatever functions he shall deter-
mine. DCI Committees usually deal with Intelligence Community
concerns, and their terms of reference ordinarily are specified
in DCI Directives. (See DCID.)
DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVE (DCID): A directive
issued by the DCI which outlines general policies and pro-
cedures to be followed by intelligence agencies and organiza-
tions which are under his direction or overview.
DISAFFECTED PERSON: A person who is a potential defector
and who either t rough inducement or voluntary action has
indicated the willingness or desire to defect.
DISSEMINATION: See Intelligence Cycle.
DOMESTIC COLLECTION: The acquisition of foreign intelligence
information wit i tthe United States from governmental or
nongovernmental organizations or individuals who are witting
sources and choose to cooperate by sharing such information.
DOMESTIC SECURITY MEASURE: An internal activity undertaken
by the Unite States Government to protect the nation from
acts of force or violence (not conducted pursuant to the
direction of a foreign entity) in violation of Federal law
and intended to overthrow or substantially impair the func-
tioning of the United States Government or the government of
a state; to substantially interfere with the legal activities
of a foreign government in the United States; or to deprive
persons of their civil rights.
DOUBLE AGENT: An agent who is cooperating with an intelligence
service of one government on behalf of and under the control
of an intelligence or security service of another government,
and is manipulated by one to the detriment of the other.
DOWNGRADE: To change the security classification of official
information from a higher to a lower level.
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ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE: Foreign Intelligence concerning the
pro uction, istri ution and consumption of goods and services,
labor, finance, taxation, and other aspects of the interna-
tional economic system.
ECONOMIC INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE (EIC): See Director of
Central Intel igence Committee.
ELECTRO-OPTICAL INTELLIGENCE (ELECTRO-OPTINT): See Optical
me ligence.
ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURES (ECM) : That division of electronic
warfare involving actions taken to prevent or reduce an
enemy's effective use of the electromagnetic spectrum. ECM
includes electronic jamming, which is the deliberate radiation,
reradiation, or reflection of electromagnetic energy with
the object of impairing the uses of electronic equipment
used by an enemy; and electronic deception, which is similar
but is intended to mislead an enemy in t e interpretation of
information received by his electronic system.
ELECTRONICS INTELLIGENCE (ELINT): Technical and intelli-
gence in ormation derive from foreign noncommunications
electromagnetic radiations emanating from other than atomic
detonation or radioactive sources.
ELECTRONIC ORDER OF BATTLE (EOB): A listing of non-communications
electronic devices inc u ing site designation, nomenclature,
location, site function and any other pertinent information
obtained from any source which has military significance
when related to the foreign devices.
ELECTRONIC WARFARE (EW): Military action involving the use
of electromagnetic energy to determine, exploit, reduce, or
prevent hostile use of the electromagnetic spectrum, and
action which retains friendly use of the electromagnetic
spectrum.
EMIGRE: A person who departs from his country for any law-
ful reason with the intention of resettling elsewhere.
EMISSION SECURITY: The component of communications security
which results from all measures taken to deny to unauthorized
persons information of value which might be derived from
interception and analysis of compromising emanations from
crypto-equipment and telecommunications systems.
END PRODUCT: Finished intelligence. (See Product.)
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ENERGY INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence relating to the
technical, economic and political capabilities and programs
of foreign countries to engage in development, utilization
and commerce of basic and advanced energy technologies.
Energy intelligence includes the location and extent of
foreign energy resources and their allocation; foreign
government energy policies, plans and programs; new and im-
proved foreign energy technologies; and economic and security
aspects of foreign energy supply, demand, production dis-
tribution, and utilization.
ESPIONAGE: Intelligence activity directed toward the
acquisition of information through clandestine means.
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF INFORMATION (EEI): Those items of
information regarding a foreign power, forces or targets and
their environment essential for timely decisions.
ESTIMATIVE INTELLIGENCE: A category of intelligence pro-
uctlon w is attempts to project future foreign develop-
ments and their implications for US interests, whether of a
national or departmental character. Estimative Intelligence
may or may not be coordinated.
EVALUATE: To appraise the worth of an intelligence activity,
information, or product in terms of its contribution to a
specific goal, or the credibility, reliability, pertinency,
accuracy, usefulness of information in terms of an intelli-
gence need. Evaluation may be used without reference to
cost or risk, particularly when used in contrast with "assess
(See Assess.)
EVASION AND ESCAPE (EFE): The procedures and operations
whereby military personnel and other selected individuals
are enabled to emerge from enemy-held or hostile areas under
friendly control.
EVASION AND ESCAPE INTELLIGENCE: Processed information pre-
pare to assist personnel to evade capture if lost in enemy-
dominated territory or to escape if captured.
FINISHED INTELLIGENCE: The result of the Production step of
the Intelligence Cycle. (See Intelligence Cycle.)
FOREIGN COUNTERINTELLIGENCE (FCI): Intelligence activity,
wit its resultant product, devoted to countering the
effectiveness of foreign intelligence activities and under-
taken to protect the security of the United States, its per-
sonnel, information and installations against espionage,
sabotage, and terrorism. Foreign counterintelligence does
not include personnel, physical, document, or communications
security programs.
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FOREIGN INSTRUMENTATION SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE (FISINT):
Information derived from the collection and processing of
foreign telemetry, beaconry, and associated signals.
FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE (FI): The product of collection,
processing, and analysis of foreign intelligence information
relating to the national security, to the foreign relations
or economic interests of the United States by a government
agency that is assigned an intelligence mission.
FOREIGN MATERIEL (FORMAT) INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence derived
from the exploitation of foreign materiel.
FOREIGN OFFICIAL: A foreign national acting in an official
capacity on behalf of a foreign power, attached to a foreign
diplomatic establishment or an establishment under the
control of a foreign power, or employed by a public inter-
national organization.
FORWARD LOOKING INFRARED (FLIR): An airborne system used
for producing infrared groun images the dimensions of which
are determined by the forward motion of the aircraft and by
scanning across its flight path.
FUSION: In the military operational context, the blending
of n elligence with operational information; or, in the
tactical intelligence context, the blending of information
from multiple sources to produce a single intelligence
product.
FUSION CENTER: A term referring to an organizational ac-
tivity, associated with the Department of Defense and under
the control and supervision of a field commander, having the
responsibility of blending both compartmented intelligence
with all other available intelligence in order to support
military operations. (See Actionable Intelligence and
Tactical Intelligence.)
GENERAL DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE PROGRAM (GDIP): See National
7oreign Intelligence Program.
GEOGRAPHIC(AL) INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence dealing
with the location, description, and analysis of physical and
cultural factors of the world, (e.g., terrain, climate,
natural resources, transportation, boundaries, population
distribution) and their changes through time.
HUMAN RESOURCES COMMITTEE (IIRC): See Director of Central
Intelligence Committee.
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ILLEGAL: An officer or employee of an intelligence service
dispatched abroad who has no overt connection with the
intelligence service with which he is connected or with the
government operating that intelligence service.
ILLEGAL AGENT: An agent operated by an illegal residency or
directly from the headquarters of an intelligence service.
ILLEGAL RESIDENCY: An intelligence establishment in a
foreign country composed of one or more intelligence officers
and possibly one or more employees which has no overt con-
nection with the intelligence service involved or with the
government of the country operating the intelligence service.
IMAGERY: Representations of objects reproduced electroni-
cally or by optical means on film, electronic display
devices, or other media.
IMAGERY INTELLIGENCE: The collected products of imagery
interpretation processed for intelligence use.
IMAGERY INTERPRETATION: The process of location, recognition,
identification, and escription of objects, activities, and
terrain represented by imagery.
INFORMATION HANDLING COMMITTEE (IHC): See Director of
Central Intelligence Committee.
INFORMATION(AL) NEED: The requirement of an official involved
in the po icyma ing process or the intelligence production
process of the US Government for the best available informa-
tion and intelligence on which to base policy decisions,
recommendations, or intelligence production.
INFRARED IMAGERY: That imagery produced as a result of
sensing electromagnetic radiations emitted or reflected from
a given target surface in the infrared portion of the electro-
magnetic spectrum.
INFRARED INTELLIGENCE: See Optical Intelligence.
INTEGRATION: A process in the intelligence cycle in which a
pattern is formed through the selection and combination of
evaluated information.
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* INTELLIGENCE: (a) Knowledge acquired and furnished in
response-to the known or perceived requirements of decision-
makers which is derived principally from information which
is normally concealed or not intended to be available for
use by the acquirer. Intelligence is the product of a cyclical
process encompassing the planning for gathering and analyzing
such information and providing it to consumers in a desired
format. (See Intelligence Cycle.)
Examples:
-- Policy development requires good intelligence.
-- Timely intelligence is important to informed
decisionmaking.
(b) A term used to refer collectively to the functions,
activities, or organizations which participate in the process
of planning, gathering, and analyzing information of value
to decisionmakers and to the production of intelligence as
defined in (a) above. (See Foreign Intelligence and Foreign
Counterintelligence.)
Examples:
-- Human source collection is an important intelligence
activity.
-- Central Intelligence Agency.
-- Intelligence is a demanding profession.
INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES: A generic term used to describe
the efforts and endeavors undertaken by intelligence organi-
zations.
INTELLIGENCE-RELATED ACTIVITIES (IRA): Those activities
specifically excluded from the National Foreign Intelligence
Program which respond to departmental or agency tasking for
time-sensitive information on foreign activities; respond to
national Intelligence Community advisory tasking of collection
capabilities which have a primary mission to support depart-
mental or agency missions or operational forces; train
personnel for intelligence duties; or are devoted to research
and development of intelligence or related capabilities.
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INTELLIGENCE ASSESSMENT: A category of intelligence production
that encompasses most analytical studies dealing with subjects
of some policy significance. Assessments are thorough in
their treatment of subject matter, as distinct from building-
block papers, research projects, and reference aids; but
assessments unlike estimates may not attempt to project
future developments and their implications. Assessments may
or may not be coordinated.
INTELLIGENCE ASSET: Any resource--person, group, instrument,
installation, or technical system--at the disposal of an
intelligence organization.
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY: A term which, in the aggregate,
refers to those Executive Branch organizations and activities
composed of: the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA); the
National Security Agency (NSA); the Defense Intelligence
Agency (DIA); offices within the Department of Defense for
the collection of specialized national foreign intelligence
through reconnaissance programs; the Bureau of Intelligence
and Research (INR) of the Department of State; intelligence
elements of the military services; intelligence elements of
the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI); intelligence
elements of the Department of Treasury; intelligence elements
of the Department of Energy; intelligence elements of the
Drug Enforcement Administration; and staff elements of the
Office of the Director of Central Intelligence.
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY STAFF (IC STAFF): A term referring
to an organization under t e direction and control of the
Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) formed to assist the
DCI in discharging his responsibilities relating to the
Intelligence Community.
INTELLIGENCE CONSUMER: See Customer.
INTELLIGENCE CYCLE: The processes by which information is
converted into intelligence and made available to users.
There are usually five steps in the cycle:
a. PLANNING AND DIRECTION--determination of intelli-
gence requirements, preparation of a collection plan,
issuance of orders and requests to information collec-
tion agencies, and a continuous check on the productivity
of collection agencies.
b. COLLECTION--acquisition of information and the
provision of this information to processing and/or pro-
duction elements.
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c. PROCESSING--conversion of collected information
into a form suitable to the production of intelligence.
d. PRODUCTION--conversion of information into in-
telligence through the integration, analysis, evaluation
and interpretation of all source data and the prepara-
tion of intelligence products in support of known or
anticipated user requirements.
e. DISSEMINATION--conveyance of intelligence to
users in a suitable form.
INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE: The product of Estimative Intelli-
gence.
INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION: Information of potential intelli-
gence value concerning the capabilities, intentions and
activities of any foreign power or organization or any
associated non-United States person.
INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION REPORT: A report which disseminates
foreign intelligence information.
INTELLIGENCE REPORT: A product of the analysis of foreign
intelligence inf ormation.
INTELLIGENCE REQUIREMENT: Any subject, general or specific,
upon which there is a need for the collection of information,
or the production of intelligence. (Also see Collection
Requirement.)
INTELLIGENCE USER: See Customer.
INTERAGENCY DEFECTOR COMMITTEE (IDC): See Director of
entra ntelligence Committee.
INTERAGENCY INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM (IIM): A national
intelligence assessment or estimate issued by the DCI with
the advice of appropriate National Foreign Intelligence
Board agencies.
INTERDEPARTMENT(AL) INTELLIGENCE: Integrated department(al)
into ligence required by 'departments and agencies of the
U.S. government for the execution of their missions but
which transcends the competence or interest of a single
department or agency.
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INTERNATIONAL TERRORIST ACTIVITIES: Terrorism is the cal-
culated use of violence, or the threat of violence, to
attain political goals through fear, intimidation or coer-
cion. It usually involves a criminal act, often symbolic in
nature, and is intended to influence an audience beyond the
immediate victims. International terrorism is terrorism
transcending national boundaries in the carrying out of the
act, the purpose of the act, the nationalities of the victims,
or the resolution of the incident. These acts are usually
designed to attract wide publicity in order to focus attention
on the existence, cause, or demands of the perpetrators.
JOINT ATOMIC ENERGY INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE (JAEIC): See
Director of Central Intelligence Committee.
JOINT INTELLIGENCE: (Military Context) Intelligence produced
by elements o more than one Service of the same nation.
(Intelligence Community Context) Intelligence produced by
intelligence organizations of more than one country.
KEY INTELLIGENCE QUESTION (KIQ): A question, issued by the
Director of Central Intelligence and part of the Intelligence
Community Planning System, which identifies a most important
gap or weakness in the intelligence information holdings of
the Intelligence Community. A Key Intelligence Question
serves to notify the Intelligence Community of a shortcoming
which, by its selection and illumination, requires a period
of special operational attention. KIQs are usually published
annually in a DCI guidance document.
LASER INTELLIGENCE (LASINT): See Optical Intelligence.
LEGAL RESIDENCY: An intelligence establishment in a foreign
country composed of intelligence officers and employees
assigned as overt representatives of their government.
MEDICAL INTELLIGENCE (MEDINT): Foreign intelligence related
to all aspects of foreign natural and man-made environments
which could influence the health of military forces. It
incorporates General Medical Intelligence (GMI), which is
concerned with foreign biological medical capabilities and
health situations, and medical Scientific and Technical
Intelligence which assesses and predicts technological
advances of medical significance, to include defense against
Chemical, Biological, Radiological (CBR) Warfare. MEDINT is
applied to both tactical and strategic planning and operations,
including military and humanitarian efforts.
MILITARY INTELLIGENCE (MI): Current, basic, or estimative
intelligence on any foreign military or military-related
situation or activity.
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MONITOR: To observe, listen to, intercept, record, or
transcribe any form of communication or media for intelligence
collection or communications security purposes, either
overtly or covertly.
NATIONAL ESTIMATE: (See National Intelligence Estimate.)
NATIONAL FOREIGN ASSESSMENT CENTER (NFAC): An organization
established by, and under the control an supervision of,
the Director of Central Intelligence, which is responsible
for production of national intelligence.
NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE BOARD ('NFIB): A body formed
to provide the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI) with
advice concerning: production, review, and coordination of
national foreign intelligence; the National Foreign Intelligence
Program budget; interagency exchanges of foreign intelligence
information; arrangements with foreign governments on intelli-
gence matters; the protection of intelligence sources and
methods; activities of common concerns; and such other
matters as are referred to it by the DCI. The NFIB is
composed of the DCI (chairman), and the appropriate officers
of the Central Intelligence Agency, Department of State,
Department of Defense, Department of Justice, Department of
Treasury, Department of Energy, the offices within the
Department of Defense for reconnaissance programs, the
Defense Intelligence Agency, the National Security Agency,
and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. The senior intel-
ligence officer of the Army, Navy, and Air Force participate
in NFIB matters as observers.
NATIONAL FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE PROGRAM (NFIP): A program
aggregating the programs of the Central Intelligence Agency;
the Consolidated Cryptologic Program, and the programs of
the offices within the Department of Defense for the col-
lection of specialized national foreign intelligence through
reconnaissance (except such elements as the DCI and the
Secretary of Defense agree should be excluded); the elements
of the General Defense Intelligence Program and other pro-
grams of agencies within the Intelligence Community designated
by the Director of Central Intelligence and the head of the
department as national foreign intelligence or national
foreign counterintelligence activities; and activities of
the staff elements of the Office of the Director of Central
Intelligence.
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NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence produced under
t Fie aegis of the Director of Central Intelligence and intended
primarily to be responsive to the needs of the President,
the National Security Council and other Federal officials
involved in the formulation and execution of national
security, foreign political and/or economic policy.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ASSET: An intelligence asset, the
primary purpose of which is the collection, processing or
production of national intelligence. (See National In-
telligence.)
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE (NIE): A thorough assessment
of a situation in the foreign environment which is relevant
to the formulation of foreign, economic, and national security
policy, and which projects probable future courses of action
and developments. It is structured to illuminate differences
of view within the Intelligence Community, and is issued by
the Director of Central Intelligence with the advice of the
National Foreign Intelligence Board.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE OFFICER (NIO): The senior staff officer
of the DCI and t e DCI's Deputy for National Intelligence for
an assigned area of substantive responsibility. He also
manages estimative and interagency intelligence production
on behalf of the DCI. An NIO is, further, the principal
point of contact between the DCI and intelligence consumers
below the cabinet level. An NIO is also charged with monitor-
ing and coordinating that portion of the National Foreign
Assessment Center's production that involves more than one
office or that is interdisciplinary in character. Finally,
an NIO is a primary source of national-level substantive
guidance to Intelligence Community planners, collectors, and
resource managers.
NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE TASKING CENTER (NITC): The central
organizational mechanism established under the direction,
control and management of the Director of Central Intelligence
for coordinating and tasking within the National Foreign
Intelligence Program activities, and for providing advisory
tasking to other intelligence and information gathering
activities.
NATIONAL SECURITY: The territorial integrity, sovereignty,
and international freedom of action of the Unted States.
Intelligence activities relating to national security
encompass all the military, economic, political, scientific
and technological and other aspects of foreign developments
which pose actual or potential threats to U.S. national
interests.
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NATIONAL/TACTICAL INTERFACE: A relationship between national
and tactical intelligence activities encompassing the full
range of fiscal, technical, operational, and programmatic
matters.
NEAR-REAL-TIME: The brief interval between the collection
of information regarding an event and reception of the data
at some other location, caused by the time required for
automated processing, communications and display.
NET ASSESSMENT: A comparative review and analysis of opposing
national strengths, capabilities, vulnerabilities and weaknesses.
An intelligence net assessment involves only foreign countries.
NONCOMMUNICATIONS EMANATIONS: That class of radiations
which are emitted intentionally or unintentionally by
electrical or electronic equipments for purposes other than
communications, e.g., by radars, navigational aids, jammers,
or remote control systems.
NUCLEAR INTELLIGENCE (NUCINT): Intelligence derived from
the collection and analysis of radiation and other effects
resulting from the detonation of nuclear devices or from
radioactive sources.
OFFICIAL: See Foreign Official.
OPEN SOURCE INFORMATION: A generic term describing information
of potential intelligence value derived from data available
to the general public.
OPERATIONAL CONTROL (OPCON): (Military Context) The authority
delegate to a commander to direct forces assigned so that
the commander may accomplish specific missions or tasks
which are usually limited by function, time, or location; to
deploy the forces concerned, and to retain or assign tactical
control of those forces. It does not, of itself, include
administrative or logistic control.
OPERATIONAL INTELLIGENCE (OPINTEL): Intelligence required
for planning and executing operations.
OPTICAL INTELLIGENCE (OPTINT): Intelligence derived from
data on optical app ications using that portion of the
electromagnetic spectrum from ultraviolet (0.01 micrometers)
through far (long wave length) infrared (1,000 micrometers).
ORDER OF BATTLE (OB): Intelligence pertaining to identifi-
cation, strengt , command structure and disposition of the
personnel, units, and equipment of any foreign military
force.
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OVERT: Open; done without attempt at concealment.
OVERT COLLECTION: The acquisition of intelligence informa-
tion from public media, observation, government-to-government
dialogue, elicitation, and from the sharing of data openly
acquired. The collection process may be classified or un-
classified. The target and host governments as well as the
sources involved normally are aware of the general collection
activity although the specific acquisition, sites, and
processes may be successfully concealed.
PERSONNEL SECURITY: The means or procedures, such as
selective investigations, record checks, personal inter-
views, supervisory controls, designed to provide reasonable
assurance that persons being considered for, or granted
access to, classified information are loyal and trustworthy.
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE (PHOTINT): The collected products
of photographic interpretation classified and evaluated for
intelligence use. Photographic intelligence is a category
of Imagery Interpretation.
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION (PI): The process of location,
recognition, identification, an description of objects,
activities, and terrain represented on photography. Photo-
graphic interpretation is a category of Imagery Interpretation.
PHYSICAL SECURITY: Physical measures--such as safes, vaults,
perimeter barriers, guard systems, alarms and access controls--
designed to safeguard installations against damage, disruption
or unauthorized entry; information or material against
unauthorized access or theft; and specified personnel
against harm.
PLANNING AND DIRECTION: See Intelligence Cycle.
POLICY REVIEW COMMITTEE (As pertains to intelligence matters)
PRC committee established under the National
Security Council which when meeting under the chairmanship
of the Director of Central Intelligence is empowered to
define and prioritize substantive intelligence requirements
and evaluate analytical product performance. This is sometimes
referred to as the Policy Review Committee (Intelligence).
PRIORITY: A value denoting a preferential rating or precedence
in position, used to discriminate among like entities. The
term is normally used in conjunction with intelligence
requirements in order to illuminate importance and to guide
the actions planned, being planned, or in use, to respond to
the requirements.
PROCESSING: See Intelligence Cycle.
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PRODUCT: (1) Finished intelligence reports disseminated by
in elligence agencies. (2) In SIGINT usage, intelligence
information derived from analysis of SIGINT materials and
published as a report or translation for dissemination to
customers.
PRODUCTION: See Intelligence Cycle.
PROLIFERATION INTELLIGENCE: Foreign intelligence relating
to (a) scientific, technical and economic capabilities and
programs and the political plans and intentions of non-
nuclear weapon states (NNWS) or foreign organizations to
acquire nuclear weapons and/or to acquire the requisite
special nuclear materials (SNM) and to carry on research,
development and manufacture of nuclear explosive devices,
and; (b) the attitudes, policies and actions of foreign
nuclear supplier countries or organizations within these
countries toward provision of technologies, facilities or
SNM which could assist NNWS or foreign organizations to
acquire or develop nuclear explosive devices.
PROPRIETARY: A business entity owned, in whole or in part,
or controlled by an intelligence organization and operated
to provide private commercial cover for an intelligence
activity of that organization.
RADAR INTELLIGENCE (RADINT): Intelligence derived from
information collected y radar.
RADIATION INTELLIGENCE (RINT): Intelligence derived from
information obtained from unintentional electro-magnetic
energy emanating from foreign devices to determine their
function and characteristics, excluding nuclear detonations
or radioactive sources. (See Noncommunications Emanations.)
RAW INTELLIGENCE: A colloquial term meaning collected
intelligence in ormation. (See Intelligence Information.)
RECONNAISSANCE (RECCE): A mission undertaken to obtain by
visual observation or other detection methods, information
relating to the activities, resources or forces of a foreign
nation; or to secure data concerning the meteorological,
hydrographic, or geographic characteristics of a particular
area.
RECRUITMENT-IN-PLACE: A term pertaining to a person who has
been recruited and agrees to retain his position in his
organization or government while reporting thereon to an
intelligence or security service of a foreign country.
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REFUGEE: A person who is outside the country of his former
habitual residence, and who, because of fear of being persecuted
in that country, is unwilling to return to it.
REPORT: See Intelligence Report and Intelligence Information
Report.
REQUIREMENT: See Intelligence Requirement or Collection
Requirement.
RESIDENCY: See Illegal Residency and Legal Residency.
SABOTAGE: Action against material, premises or utilities,
or other production, which injures, interferes with or
obstructs the national security or ability of a nation to
prepare for or carry on a war.
* SAFE HOUSE: A house or premises controlled by an intelligence
service that affords--at least temporarily--security for
individuals involved in or equipment used in intelligence
operations.
SANITIZATION: The process of concealing sensitive intelligence
sources, methods, and analytical procedures in order to
permit wider dissemination of information.
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL (S~T) INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence
concerning foreign developments in basic and applied scientific
and technical research and development, including engineering
and production techniques, new technology, and weapon systems
and their capabilities and characteristics. Also included
is intelligence which requires scientific or technical
expertise on the part of the analyst, such as physical
health studies and behavioral analyses.
SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE (STIC): See
Director of Central Intel igence Committee.
SECURITY COMMITTEE (SECOM): See Director of Central Intelligence
Committee.
SENSITIVE: Requiring special protection from disclosure to
avoi compromise or threat to the security of the sponsor.
SENSITIVE COMPARTMENTED INFORMATION (SCI): All information
and material requiring special controls for restricted
handling within compartmented foreign intelligence systems.
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* SENSITIVE INTELLIGENCE SOURCES OR METHODS: A collective
term for thos.e persons, organizations, things, conditions,
or events'-that provide intelligence information and those
means used in the collection, processing and production of
such information which, if compromised, would be vulnerable
to counteraction that could reasonably be expected to reduce
their ability to support U.S. intelligence activities.
SIDE-LOOKING AIRBORNE RADAR (SLAR): An airborne radar,
viewing at right ang es to the axis of the vehicle, which
produces a presentation of terrain or moving targets.
SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE (SIGINT): A category of intelligence
information comprising al communications intelligence,
electronics intelligence, and foreign instrumentation
signals intelligence, either individually or in combination,
including as well nonimagery infrared and coherent light
signals.
SOURCE: A person, device, system or activity from which
in telligence information is obtained.
SPECIAL COORDINATION COMMITTEE (SCC): A committee established
un er the National Security Council which deals with such
matters as the oversight of sensitive intelligence activities--
such as covert action--which are undertaken on Presidential
authority.
SPECIAL NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATE (SNIE): National
me igence Estimates Es which are re event to specific
policy problems that need to be addressed in the immediate
future. SNIEs are generally unscheduled, shorter, and
prepared more quickly then NIEs and are coordinated within
the Intelligence Community only to the extent that time
permits.
STRATEGIC INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence which is required for
the formulation of policy and military plans at national and
international levels. Strategic intelligence and tactical
intelligence differ primarily in level of use, but may also
vary in terms of scope and detail.
STRATEGIC WARNING: Intelligence regarding the threat of the
initiation of hostilities against the U.S. or in which U.S.
forces may become involved. Strategic Warning may be
received at any time, prior to the initiation of hostilities.
SURVEILLANCE: The systematic observation or monitoring of
aerospace, surface, or subsurface areas, places, persons, or
things by visual, aural, electronic, photographic, or other
means.
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TACTICAL INTELLIGENCE: That intelligence required by
military commanders in the field to maintain the readiness
of operating forces for combat operations and to support the
planning and conduct of military operations under combat
conditions.
TACTICAL INTELLIGENCE ASSET: An intelligence asset, the
primary purpose o which is the collection, processing or
production of tactical intelligence. (See Tactical Intel-
ligence.)
TARGET: A country, area, installation, organization, weapon
system, military force, situation (political or economic),
person or other entity against which intelligence operations
are directed.
TARGET INTELLIGENCE: Intelligence which portrays and locates
t He components o a target or target complex and indicates
its identification, vulnerability and relative importance.
TASKING: The assignment or direction of an individual or
activity to perform in a specified way for achievement of a
specified end, objective, or goal.
TELEMETRY INTELLIGENCE (TELINT): Technical and general
intelligence information derived from information obtained
through the intercept, processing and analysis of foreign
telemetry.
TERRORIST ORGANIZATION: A group or organization that engages
in terrorist activities. (See International Terrorist
Activities.)
TRANSMISSION SECURITY (TRANSEC): The component of communi-
cations security which results from all measures designed to
protect transmissions from interception and from exploita-
tion by means other than cryptanalysis.
* UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE: See Compromise.
UNITED STATES SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE SYSTEM: An entity that
is comprised of the National Security Agency (including
assigned military personnel); those elements of the military
departments and the Central Intelligence Agency performing
signals intelligence activities; and those elements of any
other department or agency which may from time-to-time be
authorized by the National Security Council to perform
signals intelligence activities during the time when such
elements are so authorized.
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VALIDATION: A process normally associated with intelligence
collection, which provides official status to an identified
requirement and confirms that the requirement is appropriate
for a given collector and has not previously been satisfied.
(See Collection Requirement.)
WALK-IN: A person who on his own initiative makes contact
with a representative of a foreign country and who volunteers
information and/or requests political asylum.
WEAPON AND SPACE SYSTEMS INTELLIGENCE COMMITTEE (WSSIC):
See Director of Central Intelligence Committee.
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
CAMS
CBR
CCF
CCP
CCPC
CIA
CIAP
CIRIS
COMEX
COMINT
COMIREX
DCI
DCID
DEA
DF
DIA
ECM
EEI
E&E
EIC
ELECTRO-OPTINT
ELINT
EMSEC
EOB
EW
FBI
FCI
FI
FISINT
GDIP
GMI
COMIREX Automated Management System
Chemical, Biological, Radiological
Warfare
Collection Coordination Facility
Consolidated Cryptologic Program
Critical Collection Problems Committee
Central Intelligence Agency
Central Intelligence Agency Program
Consolidated Intelligence Resources
Information System
Committee on Exchanges
Communications Intelligence
Committee on Imagery Requirements and
Exploitation
Communications Security
Director of Central Intelligence
Director of Central Intelligence
Directive
Drug Enforcement Administration
Direction Finding
Defense Intelligence Agency
Electronic Countermeasures
Essential Elements of Information
Evasion and Escape
Economic Intelligence Committee
Electro-optical Intelligence
Electronics Intelligence
Emanations Security
Electronic Order of Battle
Electronic Warfare
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Foreign Counterintelligence
Foreign Intelligence
Foreign Instrumentation Signals
Intelligence
Foreign Material
General Defense Intelligence Program
General Medical Intelligence
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ICRS Imagery Collection Requirements
Subcommittee (COMIREX)
IDC Interagency Defector Committee
IHC Information Handling Committee
IIM Interagency Intelligence Memorandum
INR Bureau of Intelligence and Research,
Department of State
IRA Intelligence-Related Activities
JAEIC Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence
Committee
MEDINT Medical Intelligence
NIE National Intelligence Estimate
NIO National Intelligence Officer
NITC National Intelligence Tasking Center
NMIC National Military Intelligence Center
NNWS Non-Nuclear Weapon States
NPIC National Photographic Interpretation
Center
NSA National Security Agency
NUCINT Nuclear Intelligence
OB Order of Battle
OPCON Operational Control
OPINTEL Operational Intelligence
OPTINT Optical Intelligence
PHOTINT Photographic Intelligence
PI Photographic Interpretation or
Photographic Interpretor
PRC(I) Policy Review Committee (Intelligence)
RADINT Radar Intelligence
RECCE Reconnaissance
RINT Radiation Intelligence
SET Scientific and Technical
SAO Special Activities Office
SCC Special Coordination Committee
SCI Sensitive Compartmented Information
or Source Code Indicator
SECOM Security Committee
SIGINT Signals Intelligence
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SIGINT Committee
SLAR
SNIE
SNM
SSO
STIC
Signals Intelligence Committee
Side-Looking Airborne Radar
Special National Intelligence Estimate
Special Nuclear Materials
Special Security Officer
Scientific and Technical Intelligence
Committee
TELINT Telemetry Intelligence
TRANSEC Transmission Security
Weapon and Space Systems Intelligence
Committee
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