CAMBIO 16 MAGAZINE VOICES CONCERNS OF A DIFFERENT SPAIN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP88-01314R000300010044-4
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 1
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 18, 2004
• Sequence Number: 44
• Publication Date: December 10, 1974
• Content Type: NSPR

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and a working class with Dope.
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?rne airrerence is Mar, ce - ;
we knew our children would be
too," says one businessman.;
r' ."D.,..nl~ ? hnl;uvo their ,d-4 _ ~.
r._
` e vii s 01 - d,. __But despite--Spain's - cigh aC y o/-
4 ,~ different Snain
Franco led t^.e. r,-`ioraiists for closeness to the Arab staas, ,/Jail J -
s?e + ---.._
ZY F1tI DFnIC f. HILL victory In the boody 1936-193.9 former security lice chief on worldwide economic problems:
. t 1 whom ."n s.r,r con.-expo uer t whom many moderates pinned
Civil War. are catching up with this coun-
hopes for a promised t! rl 6r a
Madr,M-Three years ago, a And, falling within the same ?hberalization" of political life, I try. Inf.ati.on is 15 per cent,
b oup of spanish businessmen 1 12 months as the overthrow of and workers are still insisting
and journalists started a pro-i Portugal's 41;-year dictatorship is the third recent victory for on government - guaranteed i the extreme ri~ht. G~ ; E
,!
g; ess!ve weedy business ma- ?and Generalissimo F'ranrn's ~ I raises 5 per cent ahead of the
ss 1-+ c?mrner A liberal information minis- cost .if tic.?
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Ca
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Ch
h
d
n
have
r
or
ange
,.,
Change being a word that
makes dictators nervous, gov-
ernment censors asked them
for something less dramatic.
The 16 owners adjusted the..
name to Cambio 16 with some
clever art work.
The' magazine got off the'
ground with a circulation of
10,000, which climbed-sat! s
factori!y for a business review
-to 17,000 just a year ago.
Today, however, Cemiro 16's
sales have doubled three times
over to 135.(V0. Stories on eco-
nomic indicators and industrial
plants have taken a back seat
to critical articles on Spain's
-prisons and the CIA, forums of
political opinic=ns rangring from
ts
t
ese
evelop
e
,pushed open the- door on Sap-
in's future wider than it has
been since that war.
Poised at the end of a 15-
year economic boons that trap
spormed a primarily agricul-
tural country into the world's 1
10th industrial. nation, Spain
today is in the throes of a
critical struggle over Just how
far that door should open.
And the outcome will rely
decide whether the transition
to the post-Franco era now
under way will remain peace-
ful or. lead to a dangerous
polarization of the same forces
that fought the civil war.
Generalissimo Franco, who
resumed his role as chief of
hand-
oraril
state after tem
p
y
reactionary to revolutionary.
Full-page ads come from .pil-' ing over the reins last summer
tars of the Spanish establish- 'to Prince Juan Carlos, seem.
rreat_ (leterrnined to keep the opan-
The surge in circulation and
sr4itch in coverage stem
largely from one event-the
.ssassinat!on, a year ago De-
reniber 2j) of 11.r-,me lJiniser
Carrero El _:co, the hand-
pic?ked sucxessor of Spain's
i:y ng dictator, Gen. Francisco
Franc ,
"It charged everything."
says one of the magazine's
executives. " Ard the figures
show the Spanish peoo'e want
information."
Carrero Blacco's assassina-
tion by separatist Basque ter-
rorists did not change quite
-everything in Spain. It did not,
Jar instance. sweep away the!
=carefully builtup, tightly con-!
-rotted insth `i ;,:s of the fas-1
cist regmie Vat has muffled;
C; _ Spanish voice for 35 years.
More than ?,Cx) political prison-
ers in jail, rnani for 20 years
nlel
for i.,~~,g-a can tes-
liiy to that.
a : 0 important
But raze c'.ser'ers here re '
card tll*S ti'; )'..2Y.J:. PS thr'.
SaOst ;' nifi .':{ . Ingle event 1?r
;J
an ..:erahssi;no'
ing to a here crack. The cr
i dillo, who turned 82 last week,
is still active but so frail that
television cameras show him
only a split-second. Yet; to
date, he is succeeding.
Last Monday, Generalissimo
Franco and the extreme right;
dashed one of the major hopes'
of moderates and even con-
servatives when they watered
down a new lair desizrecl ori-
ginally to permit political 'as-
sociations"--or parties.
As the bill was outlined, al-
lnost apol+ getically, by the.
current premier, Carlos'Arias'
Navarro, it will permit nothing'
of the sort. Any": ssociations"
will have to swear undying
allegiance to General I'r; nco'J
and the ultra-ri:ht national
movement, now t}1 only legal
party.
Third win for right
"The story is." stirs a mod-
cr.ttc leader, ':that Arias gave
his association hiit to "raneo
coo day at the 1?arilo Palaco,
and Franco ri?ht away took
s
e
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t lard wU- ('la:ms t~ r m' `"a-
(lie de ent for - , .r. Arias, a t
officers. "11ey are I,,:.;-r'-T
to think, and they're trot all for
October 30 after giving unprec- But
La; like so many paradoxes of
edented freedom to the press, Spanish life, srikes are corn-.
perhaps the biggest break- monplace. The country has the
,through this year. And 14 mod- fourth highest strike rate in
crate politicians were arrested Europe.. And this year thee
10 days ago for holding an have been more than ever be-
illegal meeting. (The fact that More.
the law requires a permit only i No one knows what a sudden
when groups of more than 20 reversal in living standards i
aree to gather-which Includes woundl bring. "There are even
weddings and parties-was ap- some people now who wouldn't
parently only a legal nicety). ;mind Franco hanging around
Some moderates feel the cur- so the next two years can be
rent period is fraught with, blamed on him," observes an
danger. "There is a climate of I ecor;omist.
ambiguity that .promises little! But the political and eca-
1 good," wrote the count of MO- I nomic uncertainty plays into
trico recently. Its the assn the hand of the Communist-
ciaticrs or the bunker." I
dominated workers commis-
The count, a former Franco
sappt)rter active in moderate, 1sions, arhic l eritployers cfren
circles, reerr(~li to the siege must d..al with rather than tite
mentally and militant anti- official trade ulaions.
Communism on which General-I Political activity urged
issimo Franco has drawn year;
after year to 'protrx.t' Span-j Most moderates argue that
i,rrds against themselves and; the Communists will have to
'prevent' another war. be banned if the political pro-
Civil war in Spain, where 70; cess is opened up. But they .
per cent of the population has; warn that unless real political.
been born since 1939, is consid-
ered unthinkable by most peo-
ple. Aad the main reason is
the country's economic 'icaira-
c!e.'
Most of Spain's 35 million
persons simply now have some-
thing to lose-their cars, their
televisions sets, their $2,000
per capita income and other
signs of the consumer society
the country has become.
"Look around you," a resi-
dent said pointing to the stream
of cars jamming the broad
Caile do Serrano. ':Ten years
ago you could walk across here
without looking."
Led by a flood of foreigni Tress community is still largely
largely-American investment1:pro-irranca. Exit little i s k
o;Lit
since 1959 and a tourist trade abut the Army.
the leaf es it second only to the ~ its officers are far to t.h4
United S:aces, Spain--despitei1night cf the majors and coin
activity is allowed soon, a
chance to set up a viable,
non-ComLmunist union structure'
will be lost as Socialists and
other moderates are driven
into the arms of the far left. .
Naturally, all eyes turn also 1
to the Spanish Army, which for
decades has been, along with
the Catholic church and the
(landed classes, one of the,
l throe chief props of the Franco
regime.
And the church turned
"against Cereralis~imo Franco
several years ;.lore and-
IrtlorFe priests r;et arrested
Iiiels u'ho overturned tiie Far-
tn
ese reg ne
;'?+~rc.~?theless "e n't
ell th