MIDDLE EAST BRIEF 135-75.Y

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 30
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 21, 2001
• Sequence Number: 37
• Publication Date: August 29, 1975
• Content Type: CABLE

 Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-
Secret
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Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9
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SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM
MIDDLE EAST AFRICA BRIEF 135-75.Y
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1. LEBANON: GOVERNMENT SECURITY FORCES MOVED INTO THE
PROVINCIAL CAPITAL OF ZAHLAH ON THURSDAY AND HALTED THE SPORADIC
ACTS OF VIOL-EN-CE THAT BEGAN LAST WEEKEIND.Y
UNREST IN THE PREDOMINANTLY CHRISTIAN CITY AND IN A
NEIGHBORING MUSLIM TOWN GREW OUT OF SHOOTING INCIDENTS
INVOLVING PATROLS OF THE RIGHT--WING CHRISTIAN PHALANGES
PARTY MILITIA AND UNIDENTIFIED LEBANESE, SYRIAN, AND
PALESTINIAN ELEMENTS. SEVERAL PERSOi}S HAVE BEEN INJURED
IN THE VIOLENCE, WHICH INCLUDED BOMBING ATTACKS IN THE
CITY CENTER AND NUMEROUS EXCHANGES OF SMALL-ARI"S FSRE.Y
AUTHORITIES ARRESTED SOME TROUBLEMAKERS EARLY IN THE
WEEK, BUT THIS LED TO CALLS FOR A GENERAL STRIKE, DEMONSTRATIONS
AT THE LOCAL GOVERNOR'S HOUSE, AND THE ERECTION OF BARRICADES
IN SOME AREAS OF THE CITY.Y
THE TWO-MONTH-OLD GOVERNMENT OF PRIME MINISTER
RASHID KARAMI HAS BEEN SUCCESSFUL IN USING GOVERNMENT
SECURITY FORCES TO PREVENT SIMILAR BUT LESS SERIOUS
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OUTBREAKS OF FIGHTING FROM GROWING INTO WIDER CLASHES
BETWEEN GOVERNMENT FORCES, THE PARTY MILITIAS, THE
RADICAL FEDAYEEN, AND LEBANESE LEFTISTS. THE SECURITY
SERV=CES THIS TIME JILL BE HELPED BY THE FACT THAT ';';HE
FIGHT ING THAT HAS OCCASIONALLY ERUPTED IN BEIRUT AND OTHER
PORT CITIES, WHERE THE LEFTISTS AND FEDAYEEN ARE BETTER
REPRESENTED AND MORE HEAVILY ARMED, HAS BEEN LIMITED.
AC':ORDING TO PRESS REPORTS FROM BEIRUT LAST NIGHT, PALE STINIAN
GUERRILLAS PROTESTING THE ALLEGED DEATH OF A GUERRILLA IN THE
ZAHLAH FIGHTING INTERRUPTED TRAFFIC ON THE HIGHWAY DET!iJEEN THE
CAPITAL AND THE AIRPORT.Y
I f IS POSSIBLE, HOWEVER, THAT THE FRAGILE TRUCE
BETWEEN l EBANON',S CONTENDING. FACTIONS COULD BREAK DOWN
WITH THE SLIGHTEST PROVOCATION AND THAT WIDESPREAD
FIGHTING COULD ERUPT AGAIN- {CONFIDENTIAL}Y
2. BAHRAIN: THE EMIR ISSUED A DECREE ON TUESDAY
DISSOLVING THE NATIONAL ASSEMBLY. AN ACCOMPANYING ORDER
SUSPENDING AN ARTICLE OF THE CONSTITUTION THAT CALLS FOR
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NEW ASSEMBLY ELECTIONS WITHIN TWO MONTHS OF DISSOLUTION SUGGESTS
THE RULING FAMILY INTENDS TO DO WITHOUT A LEGISLATURE INDEFINITELY.
THERE HAVE BEEN NO REPORTS OF OPPOSITION TO THE EMIR'S
ACTION. {CO`NFIDENT IAL}Y
3? RHODESIA: PRIME MINISTER IAN SMITH IS PRIMARILY IRE-.
SPONSIBLE FOR THE FAILURE EARLIER THIS REEK OF SETTLEMENT TALKS
WITH SLACK NATIONALIST LEADERS.Y
IN WHAT WAS A LONGER INITIAL SESSION THAN MANY OBSERVERS
AND SMITH HIMSELF HAD PREDICTED, THO BLACK LEADERS APPARENTLY
MADE AN IMPORTANT CONCESSION TO SMITH TO KEEP THE TALKS GOING.
ALTHOUGH THE NATIONALISTS HAVE LONG fIAINTATNED THEY WOULD NOT
HOLD DISCUSSIONS INSIDE RHODESIA, THEY REVERSED THEMSELVES
AND AGREED TO MEET IN COMMITTEES THERE&
SMITH, PROBABLY TAKEN BACK BY THIS UNEXPECTED CONCESSION,
REFUSED A LONG-STANDING NATIONALIST DEMAND THAT HE GUARANTEE
SAFETY FROM ARREST FOR TWO KEY NATIONALIST LEADERS TO RETURN
TO RHODESIA FOR THE COMMITTEE SESSIONS. AT THIS POINT, THE
MEETING BROKE OFF.Y
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SOU7H AFRICAN PRIME MINISTER VORSTER, WHOSE HEAVY PRESSURE
ON SMITE; WAS LARGELY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MEETING AT VICTORIA FALLS
THIS LIEL K , HAS NOT INDICATED HIS REACTION TO SMITH'S ADAMANT
STAND. PRETORIA CAN STILL EXERT HEAVY ECONOMIC PRE SSUIRE ON
RHODES.:A IF VORSTER DECIDES TO PRESS SMITH FURTHER. {CONFIDEN J':J:ALlY
!!. NAMIBIA: A CONSTITUTIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE FUTURE OF
iJAMIBIA {SOUTH-WEST AFRICA}, OPENS IN WINDHOEK, THE TERRITORIAL
CAPITAL, ON SEPTEMBER 1, IT IS SPONSORED BY THE SOUTH AFRICAN
GOVERNMENT-4'
SOUTH AFRICAN PRIME MINISTER VORSTER CLAIMS
THAT THE DELEGATES, REPRESENTING MOST OF THE TERR:C10RY!S
12 ETHNIC GROUPS, ARE FREE TO CHOOSE ANY FORM OF GOVERNMENT
FOR (NAMIBIA-EVEN INDEPENDENCE FOR THE WHOLE TERRITORY
AS A UNIFIED STATj. ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONFERENCE, HOWEVER,
MAKE ALMOST INEVITABLE THE EMERGENCE OF A LOOSE FEDERAL
SYSTEM THAT WOULD MAINTAIN WHITE CONTROL OF THE TERRITORY'S
MAJOR MINERAL RESOURCES&
THE DELEGATES TO THE CONFERENCE HAVE BEEN CHOSEN
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INDIRECTLY BY LEGISLATIVE OR ADVISORY BODIES FORMED FOR
EVERY ETHNIC GROUP. A FEW OF THE LEGISLATIVE COUNCILS FOR
NON-WHITE GROUPS HAVE BEEN POPULARLY ELECTED, BUT EVEN THE
ELECTED 30DIES ARE DOMINATED BY OLD-LINE T13%I3AL CHIEFS
WHO USUALLY HAVE GONE ALONG WITH SOUTH AFRICAN TUTELAGE.'
THE SOUTH AFRICANS SAY THAT ALL ETHNIC GROUPS TN
NAMIBIA ARE TO HAVE EQUAL STANDING IN THE CONFERENCE,
ALTHOUGH THE GROUPS VARY WIDELY IN NUMBERS AND CAPABILITIES
FOR AUTONOMOUS EXISTENCE. SOME 90,000 WHITES COMPRISE ONLY
12 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION, YET THE SECTOR OF THE T ERIRITORY
THAT IS RESERVED FOR WHITES INCLUDES MUCH OF THE SE'ii'ER
GRAZING LANDS AS WELL AS THE RICH DIAMOND AND COPPER
MINES THAT CONTRIBUTE SUBSTANTIALLY TO THE SOUTH AFRICAN
ECONOMY. ON THE OTHER HAND, THE OVAMBO TRIBE MAKES UP
ALMOST HALF OF THE POPULATION, BUT OVAMBOLAMD, SITUATED
ALONG THE ANGOLAN 3ORDER, HAS INADEQUATE RESOURCES. OVAMBOS
PROVIDE MOST OF THE UNSKILLED LABOR FOR THE MINES?Y
PRETORIA APPARENTLY REASONS THAT FEAR OF OVAM9O
DATE:
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DOMINATION WILL MOTIVATE DELEGATES FROM THE SMALLER TR
IBES
TO BACK THE WHITES IN VOTING FOR A FEDERAL SYSTEM THAT
WILL PERPETUATE THE PRESENT ETHNIC HOMELANDS. ALTHOUGH
THE OVAMBOS i1-fEG ETICALLY MIGHT CONTROL A POPULARLY ELECTED
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT, THE TRI3AL LEADERS WHO WILL GO TO THE
CONFERENCE ACTUALLY WANT MAXIMUM AUTONOI;Y FOR OVAMBOLAND.4'
A FEDERATION MIGHT INVOLVE NO 1ORE THAN COSMETIC CHANGES
IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN POLICY OF SEPARATE DEVELOPMENT THAT HAS
LONG INCURRED BROAD INTER NATIv AL CENSURE. ALTHOUGH SOME OF
THE "PETTY APARTHEID RULES THAT PRETORIA HAS APPLIED IN
THE WHITE SECTOR OF NAMIBIA HAVE ALREADY BEEN LIFTED-,
VORSTER HAS NOT PROPOSED TO ABANDON THE BASIC DISCRIMINATORY
MEASURES THAT HAVE KEPT NON-U:127="S FROM ADVANCING IN THE
TERRITORY'S MODERN INDUSTRIES.Y
INSIDE NAMIBIA, THE MOST ARTICULATE OPPOSITION TO
SEPARATE DEVELOPMENT HAS COME F'O`I THE SOUTH-WEST AFRICAN
PEOPLE'S ORGANIZATION, UHICH UA;,J T S i`JAMIBIA TO HAVE A U~ITI=2ED,
POPULARLY ELECTED GOVERNMENT. ~L T HUGH ITS MEMBERSHIP IS
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PREDO"II,'iANTLY OVAM90, THE PEOPLE'S ORGANIZATION IS THE ONLY
NAMIBIAN NATIONALIST GROUP THAT IS RECOGNIZED BY TIHE U.11 OR
THE 0 'AI'.,) ZA T ION OF AFRICAN UNITY. ITS FOREIGN-BAS'ED
GUER'ILL,aS q WE ~SEL D-)i1 D NETRATED ii ,Ai^,' 3IAiN TIER RITOi"', !.h.lT
ITS YOUTH WING ORGANIZED A HIGHLY EFFECTIVE 30YCOFT OF
OVAMBO LEGISLATIVE ELECTIONS IN 1973-THE FIRST POPULAR
ELECTIONS TO BE HELD IN NAMIBIA. TO OFFSET THE FIASCO,
SOUTH AFRICAN ADMIMIS T RATO`,'S HELD A NEW ELECTION IN
OVAMBOLAND LAST JANUARY AND ACHIEVED A 55-PERCENT
TURNOUT 017 ELIGIBLE VOTERS . Y
V0.?,STER MAY HAVE NO ILLUS.T_O`1S THAT THE OUTCOME OF
THE CONSTITUTIONAL CONFERENCE 'JILL BE ACCEPTABLE TO THE
UN. HIS PRIMARY INTENTION IS TO SHO'.J THAT THERE IS NO SERIOUS
NAMIBIAN OPPOSITIO`! To SZPA.:~A TE DEVELOPMENT. IF VORSTIE-RIS
CASE IS TO GAIN CREDENCE-, THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE
MUST 3E PUBLICIZED :,'iD ANY DRAFT CONSTITlJTIO^I MUST EVENTUALLY
BE SUBMITTED TO A FREELY CONDUCTED REFERENDUM. MEANWHILE,
THE SOUTH AFRICAN ,AANNND TR=BAL AUTHORITIES MUST REFRAIN FROM
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THE MASS ARRESTS OF NATIONALISTS THEY EMPLOYED IN 1973
DURING THE OVAMBO ELECTIONS-9
VOPSTER'S STRATEGY WAS ALREADY BEEN THREATENED BY THE
ASSAISI i a T TOM OF THE OVA030 PRIME MINISTER ON AUGUST IV.
ALTHOUGH THE IDENTITY OF THE ASSASSIN IS UNKNOWN, THE DEED
HAS BEEN APPLAUDED BY SEVERAL EXILED LEADERS OF THE PEOPLE'S
ORGANIZATION, AND THE PRINCIPAL CHIEF OF THE HERERO ETHNIC
GROUP CLAIMS THAT AGENTS OF THE PEOPLE'S ORGANIZATION ARE
PLOTTING HIS DEATH. THE SOUTH AFRICANS HAVE REINFORCED THEIR
SECURITY FORCES IN NAMIBIA AND ARRESTED SOME MEMBERS OF THE
PEOPLE'S ORANIZATION, BUT THEY HAVE NOT CLAMPED DOWN ON
THE WHOLE GROUP. {CONFIDENTIAL}u
S. NIGERIA. 3RIGADIER O3 ;SANJO, THE NEW ARMED FORCES
CHIEF OF STAFF AND THE N03ER-TJO MAN IN GOVERNMENT, RECENTLY
HELD HIS FIRST PRESS CONFERENCE. HE USED THE OCCASION TO
OUTLINE HIS VIEWS ON :10W THE NEW REGIME INTENDS TO HANDLE
.THE DOMESTIC SITUATION. WE RESPONDED TO A QUESTION ON THE
MILITARY'S ATTITUDE 04 TURNING NIGERIA TO CIVILIAN RULE 3Y
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STRONGLY IMPLYING THAT HEAD OF STATE BRIGADIER MUHAMMED
WILL ADDRESS THE SUBJECT IN HIS NEXT MAJOR SPEECH-4'
THE DAY BEFORE THE PRESS CONFERENCE, CHIEF OEIAFEMI
AWOLO'JO--INII(jER-IA' S BEST KN O JAN CIVILIAN POLITICIAN--?TSSUE) A
LE^1G T o-iY STATEMENT CALLING FOR A RETURN TO CIVILIAN GOVERNMENT
BY EARLY 1977 AND FOR LIFTING--BY OCTOBER--THE BAN ON POLITICAL
ACTIVITIES THAT HAS SEEN IN FORCE FOR NINE YEARS. SINCE THE
COUP1 THE PRESS, STUDENT GROUPS, AND EXPOLITICIANS HAVE BEEN
CLAMORING FOR THE 11EU GOVERNNE`IT TO *SET A FIRM SCHEDULE FOR
RETURNING NIGERIA TO CIVILIAN RULE. {CONFIDENTIAL} E-2 IMPDET-rl
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EUROPEAN BRIEF 135-75.Y
1. PORTUGAL: PORTUGUESE COMi'1UJNIST PARTY LEADER ALVARO CUINHAL
MADE A DRAMATIC APPEAL THURSDAY NIGHT FOR A SUMMIT CONFERENCE OF
NILITARY ANY-CIVILIAN POLITICAL LEADERS FOS WHAT HE VES&TLJ D AS
A LAST-MINUTE EFFORT TO AVERT CIVIL UAR.Y
CUNHAL'S APPEAL WAS MADE AT A HASTILY ASSEM'3LED MIDNIGHT
PRESS CONFERENCE. HE SAID THAT THERE WAS A REAL DANGER THAT A
RIGHTIST GOVERNMENT WOULD 'E FORMED, THAT THERE WAS A GROWING
FEELING IN THE COUNTRY THAT A RECOURSE TO FORCE WAS INEVITA.LE,
AID THAT THE ONLY (JAY TO AVOID THE WORST WAS TO FIND A COMMON
POLITICAL SOLUTION TO THE PRESENT CRISIS INMEDIATELY.Y
FT ANNOUNCED HIS PARTY WAS PREPARED TO MEET WITH PRESIDENT
COSTA GONES; MEMBERS OF THE PRESENT GONCALVES GOVERNMENT; THE
MILITARY'S REVOLUTIONARY COIJ C I L, INCLUDING THE ANTI-COHMUNIST
ANTUNES GROUP; RIVAL FACTIONS IN THE MILITARY; REPR`SEN T ATIV`S
OF PARTIES ALLIED TO THE COMMUNISTS; ?AND THE CON( Li,;_CSTS' ARC' R 'JI!_ ,
THE SOCIALIST PARTY OF MARIO SOARES. X T WOULD APPEAR THAT CUNNAL
IS CONCERNED ABOUT GONCALVES' STAYING POH AS PRIME MINISTER-,
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BUT HE MAY ALSO BE MAiicUVE'ING TO AVOID T'H'E. ONUS FOi,' AN
SHOWDOWN SHOULD ONE OCCU'.Y
TiHEP HAVE BEEi`1 INCREASING SIG iS IN THE PAST FE!-J DAYS Tll;,1T
COSTA 60i1F 3 i,i0ir} ~;JT'EiiDS TO TAKE TOL1G'I .:r S T ANT; . ON HE UAr1N D THE NEWS MEDIA A>3OU T AD ING TO THE_ PRESENT ?OL'ITJ:C
T EINSION. THE PRESIDENT CUT SHORT HIS SPEECH TO A Pi,0- I'jOi1CAL
DEMONSTRAT! Oi] THE SAM` EVENI?G 2 ECAUSE OF 11 AP,AS SNENT FR 011 THE Ci-%'
FORCES TO OCCUPY THE OFFICES THE P O-COMi11Jt1lIST r11LI'rARY AND
PROPAGANDA SERVICE?4'
TO? r T-LIT?RY LEADERS MET T H~?OUGHOJT THE DAY ON T il,;;~ ,* i,1`r' m"11))
NEW i?c:?OP,TS THAT COSTA L:0UL ; REPLAC = GONCALVES. SHORT LY
AFTER MID:` IGH"i I", PO:. c. ',?O TO THAT NAVY CH'I
OF STAFF AZEV DO iiIGH I s i E 1r,1,_r ^i:Iii I'1 LrJ r, I ul.l'r Sr- i1
[' 11~ , 1
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TIE'C1'r,:T JO FOREIGN DISSEM
POLITICAL DISSENT COULD Ij'';SPIrRE PROTESTS THAT i' IG;1'r 'r,-ST TH
COHESIVENESS OF SPAIN'S D0:'1:CNANT POLITICAL AND
A TO1,1GH ;iEU AN OP:CST LA'1, APPROVED UY THE (.AL;:CHET LAS r
ijTOraITr DEVi'l PENALTY ooi'J 1i!?'{`P1` (:~)n!'J:':C. EJ) OF
KILL!';G A r1Ei1CiE? OF. THE EE(:U;Zt'iY FORRCES ? T!-!" L,\'a ALSO
THE SA1'1F: SENTENCE TN CASES U HERE A KIDNAPING RESULTS IN TH1_ Th..ATH
OF A HOSTAGE. THE DECREE ! 1:C1_L BE APPLIED RETROACTIVELY TO AT LEAST
16 ACCUSED TERRORIST: AL;-'r t,-D'' U,;DE'R DETENTION ? Y
THE FIRST TEST OF THE L.;% j EEGAiti ON THURSDAY IN THE TRIAL OF
TWO BAST IJ S CH ARGED WITH IL!.-FN A MEMOER OF THE P AI:Aii.i:LITA-,'Y
CIVIL GUARD. SPANIA;(DS LIKELY TO COM1PAt2EE THE 19:CT11 'i :?IE
FAMOUS BURGOS TRIAL OF IN UHIC-I SIX BASQUE TE1c:;OR:CSTS !?!E RE
SENTENCED TO DEATH . Y
Fi?I`ICO COi'1MUTED I'0 CJ YI A.;.; 01b ;'j T t11,
NOT B :FORE THE VERDICT 1 t..:L? TO
I:'1VOL'lT'.. :: `! !1 TITS :' T`i - C'!!J!'C?! "(:
FROM 3i;'):\D , THE Ai F ,I'' ., t. ? i~`~:''::\i_EI '~l tRLOtI:. 1>:C:.:'.. ;~r:`_i1 11T .ilt iG
VARIOUS S~C'i OF'S OF ELITE i~: TO Till-7
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DEVELOPMENTS IN SPAIN SHOULD TAKE.
Y
TF A SIMILAR STO?f1 OF PROTEST ARISES THIS TICK, THE S'I'1;A.IN ONJ
SPAIN'S JM.'L): NG CIRCLES COULD E COMPOUNDED DY PUBLICITY GIVEN '1'O
THE CASES OF THE MILIT AR t' FOR PCL,f "O.:;11..
ACTIVI i Y Y. Y
THE ANTITERRORIST LAW'S P~'OVISION FOR CLOSING i'JEI?JSPAPJ=:ial,1' Oi~1
PORTUGAL SHOWS A SLIGHT Ii;;:JEAS IN RHETORICAL INTENSITY 01.1)
EXPRESSIONS OF CONCERN, BUT DOES NOT DEVELOP ANY
NEW POSITIONS.y
AMPLIFYING EARLIER SOVI.E. T CRITICISM OF WESTERN
.IN T ERFEi'ENCE IN PORTUGAL, TODAY'S PF AVDA ;TOTES THAT
THE SOVIET PEOPLE r.LAI"N," t,J STFRii i1;~Cf1IN:~
TIONS IN THE COUNTRY- iJE~ T =r CO: iPA;IIES AND ECONONI C
ORGANIZATIONS ARE NOW ACC~~E O 1O S'! T T'!G V:' f;T!.11L
ECONC' TC BOYCOTT ,~GAII'!J :? T :1G `L PEKIi';G IS ATT" Ki_D
MORE FORCEFULLY. -W:ERE. S ="EV? --C'JSLY THE CHINESE
ACCUSED I!!TFEi':i,
LATEST SOVIET AR'!'.:C.!_c`. i,:r i' iEY AI-SO I''"' 1' !
DATE:
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SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEN
THE SOVIETS STILL SEEM CONCERNED PRIMARILY UI T 1-I
REBUTTING LJESTERN CHARGES THAT THEY ARE INTERFERING
IN PORTUGAL, RATHER THAN LAYING A FOIJNDATIOI'J FOR
DEEPER INVOtLVEil.:NT. PRA';VDA :.GAIN CITES THE El'ROP4 A J
SECURITY CONFERENCE, RHETORICALLY CUESTIONING WHETHER
ALLEGED WESTERN ACTIONS In PORTUGAL ARE COMPATIBLE
WITH CSCE PRINCIPLES, BUT REITERATES THE VIEW THAT
111. 11-1
"I TI-N TO F'Ck
PORTUGAL'S FATE SHOULD OE J)E'CIDED DY THE PORTUGUESE IHEMSELV_S.Y
THE SOVIETS AGAIN DRAW PARALLEL BETWEEN TH'_
PRESENT SITUATION IN PORTUGAL AND CONDITIONS IN
CHILE 3EFORE THE OVERTHiROU OF ALLEN'DE, BUT STRIKE
A SOMEWHAT MORE DEFIANT MOT: IN A BROADCAST ON
THURSDAY A SOVIET COPMEP; T A T C=' ASSERTED THAT "PORTUGAL
MUST NOT 3E ANOT HER CHILE. T? CALLING AG:1 :'I FOR UNITY
OF ''PROGRESSIVE'' FORCES, HE AIDED A NEW :1 ZLE ?Y
CANl INtNG 1 PORTUGUESE
J90h LI_i T l .._ , 70A R0 R0 inAT YN'.
SOCIALISTS (JILL HOT BE SP RED IF R'EACTI'ON:, i?;- IHN AT ? Y
.II
HHJ:LE THE SOVIETS SESNED SOKEUHAT MORE 3E L.
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SEC~'E T NO FOREIG(`J DIS',"E('1
0
GERENT IN THE CONT 'T OF CHILE, THEY MAY HAVE BALANCED
THIS BY SH0'.JING RELATIVE MODERATION ON ANOTHER SUB-
JECT. IN REPORTING THE ? LLIA'JCE THAT THE PO R , UGU,ESE
C0,111UN rSTS RAVE-FOR 1ED iT i ti-V 1 LEFTIST G?OUP S,
THEY DESCRIBED IT AS "SET L'P TO Oi`GANIZE A JOINT
REBUFF TO REACTION" ANTI HAV_ MOT YET REPEAT ED
CUNHAL'S STATEMENT THAT THE NEU FRONT WOULD CARRY
OUT "OFFENSIVE ACTION" AGA,.',i1ST GROUPS TO ITS POLITI-
CAL RIGHT. iC0INFIDE*NTIAL}M
4. ROMANIA-r 0 '7UGAL : 7'-!E OMA;'1IAIJS ARE ATTEM 1 T i NC TO ARF;A,JG
A VISIT : Y PESIDEN T CEr*S:SCIJ T O LI390,1, PR0;3A:3!_Y IN EA';!_Y
0CT03 IR '
CEAUSESCU HAS F2E^U_;; T?._Y T,7; -1. ED, WITH VARYIAIG
SUCCESS, 1'0 INJECT HIMSELF AS "HONEST X
',OKE'P,
INTO COMPLEX INTERNA TTO'?;AL P?03L-(1S. THESE V'=N-1-
T [,i'.-S I;,TO :IORLD Cc,l,r?. !
!-JAY TO L
;'0(1Ait'=A'S I' )EP-ENDS,; T r_ ..--G1I POLICY COIJ'SL.';'
DATE:
OHIG:
UNIT:
EXT:
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Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9.
 Approved. For,, Release 2001/08/21: CIA-RDP66'T!00608R000300010037-9- j :
0 0 0 0 0 U
SEC.?_I' NO FOREIGN i`ISSEM
CEAUSESCU APPARENTLY HOPES TO STOP OVER IN
LISBON EITHER BEFORE OR AFTER HIS SCHEDULED VISIT
TO CANADA OPJ OCTO2ER 6-11? PO'7UGUESE DIPLOMATS IN
3UC!-I;.\F c.S T SAY .THAT LTS3O`I :'S :Ii'TE'1PTZ~dG TO "ACCOi1
MODATE" THE ROMANIAN LEADER, BUT IT TS TOO
EARLY TO TELL WHETHER THE VISIT CAN BE ARRANGED .'r'
CEAUSESCU'S APPA.r;Ei1T DESIRE TO USE PORTUGAL'S
PROBLEMS TO ENHANCE OUCHAREST' S INTERNATIONAL
STANDING IS ALSO REFLECTED I'; THE COMMENTARY BY
"'OMA',JIAPI 11EDIA ON THE. CRISIS. 7H_ i;OMANIAii PARTY
DAILY' S i1O:,,T RECENT EDT T'',I AL O.; THE SITUAT ON RCN
LISBON CONDEMNED ALL FOREIGN :i'.'i ERVENTION IN PORTU'-
GUESE AFFAIRS AND !uARNE D THAT a';TI_ COMMUNIST VIO-'
LEN,:E- "JILL ONLY BENEFir
THIS C!Hri4 S :,*oSCO' EDITORIAL ALSO
S1?O(; ! Y L,a??71;'FED THE LAc:,
01\TU 1J SE .I,-LTS S?-^i1 ~.. :1 ~.: f!r~ r
!ILL Su:ELY T-11 VA SOVIE
T
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a 0 a a r.J a
S_".CF'ET i;0 FOREIGN DISSEM
M,,.. )I5 itEM 9Y:
Fa T%lu?, PER
5. 'YUGOSLAVIA : YUGOSLAV FO,REIGM MINISTER 11ILOS IINIC O?END
THE DEBATE AT THE LIMA MEETING OF NONALIGNED FOREIGN
MINISTERS ON TUESDAY BY TAKING CONTROVERSIAL POSI-
TIONS TH.4 T I'NCLU?DED 7E IEC T! ON1 0F ARAtB Pi,'OPOSALS TO
EXPEL 03 EXCLUDE ISF AEL FROM THE IJ.'1. Y
i1IUIC ARGUED AGAINST THE SYRIAN RESOLUTION ON
ISRAEL GY ASSERTING THAT THE Uii CHARTER SHOULD BE
OBSERVED IN SEEKING ANY SA~:C 'i0''!S AGAIN:iT ISE Ai=L.
HE MADE IT PLAIN, HOHEVER, T--AT BELGRADE BELIEVES
TEL AVIV IS ILLEGALLY OCCUPY111:G ARAB LAND AND IS
THEREBY CO,-"NT i\IUING THE i'IIDDLE EAST CRISIS. I1INIC
RECOMMENDED THE GENEVA CO;'JF ERE;ICE AS A USEFUL MEANS
OF ACCELERATING A "COi1??r HEI.1SIVE SOLUJTION" TO THE
SITUATION . HE ALSO REPEATED YUGOSLAV INTEREST IN
FORMI~;G A NONALIGNED GROUP TO i" A- -.1'f ANN
PAL
i' O?.EJ'St1i'?.E ON IS~ i\A '*L ? )i I
:c G 1?!-1: SENS I i' 1 `~Iw .'.. =AS ;i T ii i C ?CH.t *:DE.D IHL O.CL-
?RODUJCIiNG COUNTRIES FOR FAILING y), ;'ALLOCATE PART OF
THEIR FINANCIAL RESOL;P,CES"
O T!1cRi: L'J0;'?.!..;! i?= VELOP-
,).ATE :
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0 ~) C! 0 I J
SECRET :;0 FOREIGN DIS:SEc'
MENT PROJECTS AND CALLED FOR THE CREATIOi1 OF A
SYSTEM OF MUTUAL ASSISTA.%CE FOR THIRD WORLD 000iNI--
T1 IES IJHO FACE A THPEAT TO THEIR SECURITY ? Y
NI,;rC .4TH.TH7 :,,?{O!.1LD
.. G ED ' Ur 'E 'C'
l:i'~1._ ~~I-!..?t) .1
YUGOSLAV PROPOSAL FO' A UORLD DISARMAMENT CONFERENCE
OR, FAILING THAT-, SUPPOPT A SPECIAL SESSION OF THE
UN GENERAL ASSEMBLY ON T !aE THEME OF DISAP.MArIENT? {CON?-
FIDENTIAL} E-2 IMPD T?d
UATE
ORIG:
UNIT:
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Approved 0or }7efease 2001'td 171 tiA-"AdP86T006O8F2000300010037--9
 Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP8 T IILI~,)BO8RQ043 (JIIf9.0037-9...
:?I GNAL CVNrrti rl: e ONLY
__.._ ~.1__._
^ Nu 110.x
^ PER
EAST ASIA BRIEF 135-7S.Y
1./ /LAOS: THE LAO COMMUNISTS OVER THE PAST FEW !;!LEES HAVE
BEEN IMPLEMENTING A CAREFUL PLAN TO RE-EDUCATE LAO
ARMY OFFICER WHO DID NOT FLEE THE COUNTRY FOLLOWING
THE COLLAPSE OF THE COALITION. THE OFFICERS, PAR-
TICULARLY THOSE WITH PAST CLOSE CONNECTIONS WITH THE
US1 HAVE SEEN HUMILIATED AND MANY HAVE BEEN TRAIN;S-
PORTED TO COMMUNIST TOWNS DEEP IN THE HINTERLANDS
FOR INDOCTRINATION- THERE IS NO EVIDENCE THAT ANY
HAVE BEEN EXECUTED OR PHYSICALLY ABUSED, BUT THE
CONDITIONS IN SOME OF THESE AREAS RESEMBLE CONCEN-
TRATION CAMPS.//Y
//IN LATE JUNE AND EARLY JULY MANY LAO ARMY OFFI-
CERS AND SOME CIVILIAN OFFICIALS WERE REQUIRED TO
ATTEND TRAINING SEMINARS AT LOCAL MILITARY FACILITIES
TO LEARN THE NEW "POLITICAL REALITIES." THE EX-
PERIENCES OF ABOUT 250 OFFICERS WHO ATTENDED A SEMI-
NAR AT CHINAIMO CAMP NEAR VIENTIANE SEEM TYPICAL.
DATE:
ORIG:
UNIT:
EXT:
e;,A~y.,C,rrON Approved WPIW6 2OU1RJ 21N:k AEA 6TV0608 i18r1'68100VT-8 l;nPDET
CL 3Y:
 ~J V ! r.a Vl lpt:J f/I L:JJHV L.. c I ? i
Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDR _ 00608R000>0~010037-9_ _
0 0 ^ 0 0
SECRET ;'HO FOREIGN DISSEM
THE PARTICIPANTS SPENT PART OF THEIR DAY DIGGING
DITCHES, LEARNING HOW TO CONSTRUCT GRASS HUTS, AND
TENDING VEGETABLE PLOTS. THE REMAINDER OF THE DAY
WAS TA,:E I UP'-ITTH LECTURES _:Y PA T HET LAO CADRE ON THE
NEW LAO POLITICAL SITUATION.. ACCORDING TO ONE SOURCE,
SOVIET AND CHINESE PERSONNEL ALSO MADE PRESENTATIONS.//Y
//THE COMMUNISTS IN LATE JULY BEGAN MOVING GROUPS
OF OFFICERS AND OTHCRS TO SA" 11ElHA 1 THE PLAINE DES
JARRES, OR ELSEWHERE DEEP UI'i'-.I i PAiRTS OF LAOS LONG
UN.DEIR COMMUNIST DOMINATION. ;R71CPANTS ;WERE US-
.L.
GIVEN LITTLE NOTICE. THE -Jr':RTICIPAI`JTS AT THE
CHINAIMO SEMINAR WERE HUSTLED OUT OF VIENTIANE SO
QUICKLY THAT THEY WERE NOT ALLOHED TO DID FAREWELL
TO THEIR FAMILIES. AS A RESULT OF THESE SWIFT MOVES,
MANY OF THE OFFICERS' JIVES BELIEVE THEY WILL NEVER
SEE THEIR HUSBANDS AG.AI;?l. CE:'ERAL OFFICERS, I!J,-lO I?JERE
WARNED, MANAGED TO SLIP IC RO S E THE RIVER.//'
r'
//;N10 OFFICER HAS YET Rr:TURNED FROM THESE SEMINARS
DATE:
ORIG:
UNIT:
EXT:
LAS4?I?:~ :Y ApproVtfd.T&J +a-tyawl/ 8/2tli9CrA F2DPffNT-00608ROOD30001 Q43?7-9 i;`rl O T
 V V 1 \J%.j119No 111.z.~ }j17 r.,
Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDF
SIONAL CENTER US5 ONLY n
0 7 0 U 0 0
.SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM
kLIIHIT _.
Nu "ex
hrmR 10 PER
0 N P LeS
IN THE HINTERLANDS AND WE HAVE NO INFORMATION ON THE
FATE OF THE PARTICIPANTS. THE SESSIONS ARE SUPPOSED
TO LAST FROM TWO TO THREE MONTHS, BUT MOST LAO EXPECT
IT TO SE CONSIDERABLY LONGER. ONE KNOWLEDGE ;3LE LAO
OFFICIAL BELIEVES THAT MANY WILL REMAIN FOR MORE THAN
A YEAR. HE BELIEVES ThAT MOST OF THOSE WHO FULLY
GRASP AND ACCEPT THE COMMUNIST TEACHINGS WILL BE AL-
LOWED TO RETURN TO VIENTIANE, BUT SOME WILL REMAIN TO
WORK AT POSTS IN THE HINTERLANDS-//Y
//THIS RE-EDUCATION EFFORT PROBABLY SERVES SEVERAL
COMMUNIST PURPOSES. ONE IMPORTANT GOAL ALMOST CER-
TAINLY IS TO KEEP A CLOSE WATCH ON THE OFFICERS WHILE
THE REMAINDER OF, THE COALITION IS DEMOLISHED. THE
MOVEMENT OF MOST OFFICERS FAR FROM.THEIR HOMES PRE-
CLUDES THEIR FLIGHT AND ENSURES THAT THEY WILL NOT BE
IN CONTACT WITH POTENTIALLY TROUBLESOME ELEMENTS IN
VIENTIANE OR ACROSS THE MEKONG IN THAILAND.//Y
//THE COMMUNISTS PROBABLY ALSO HOPE THAT SOME OF
DATE:
ORIG:
UNIT:
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`LA""C" '104 A ro gH~O(R6q/O 'tlt di R&6TOG6D8ROOOS6001 -9 ,
pp ~ ~3,7 Iti1PDtT
CL BY:
 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP$61*0fi08ROO Op 037=5
037--5-r COO ACb Tue Vl.l. l.l
0 0 0 0 0 0
SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSr i1
u,sn.l 0!S3E:NI QY :
NO 1?.rle.v
AMTrIH"i TO PER
THE OFFICERS WILL DEMONSTRATE A WILLINGNESS TO CO-
OPERATE IN THE NEW ORDER. TECHNICIANS AND CAPABLE
MIDDLE GRADE OFFICERS AND CIVILIAN PERSONNEL ARE IN
SHORT SUPPLY ' IN- COMMUNIST RANKS. REFORMED OFFICERS
COULD BE PUT TO GOOD USE EI':;iLP IN VIENTIANE OR WITH
COMMUNIST UNITS IN THE BACK COUNTRY. {SECRET}//Y
2. BURMA: AUTHORITIES IN RANGOON HAVE BEEN ENGAGED
IN A NEW GET-TOUGH CAi1PAIGN AGAINST LAWBREAKERS IN RECENT
WEEKS. THE EFFORT, UHICH BEG/,N SHORTLY AFTER THE
STUDENT AND LABOR DISTURBANCES LAST JUNE, HAS CENTERED
ON POLITICAL DISSIDENTS AND ECONOMIC CRIMINALS. LAST
MONTH, THE CRACKDOWN WAS BROADENED TO INCLUDE HUNDREDS
OF ?'BAD CHARACTERS''--VAGRANTS, S!IIJATTERS, AND PETTY
THIEVES&
PENALTIES ARE ALSO BECOMING MORE SEVERE. STU-
DENTS AND WORKERS FOUND GUILTY OF PARTICIPATING IN
THE DISTURBANCES ARE NON BEING GIVEN STIFFER SENTENCES
THAN THOSE INVOLVED IN S111LAR DISORDERS LAST YEAR.
DATE:
ORIG:
UNIT:
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.....-. .. .-..:. AU
PEPRODvCTIOv 3y l,) H -HAN THE ISSUING OFFICE IS PNWHIst f; D 'P 'S'T
Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010,Q37-.9.(:
 Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP8~iffU~.vavb
AL cENF4 USE ONLY
n
40 0fl37-9 ;-
SOME STUDENTS HAVE RECEIVED EIGHT-YEAR JAIL TERMS,
WHILE WORKERS GOT UP TO 16 YEARS. EVEN PETTY CRIMI-
NALS ARE SUMMARILY SENTENCED TO TERMS OF UP TO SIX
YEARS, AND TkAFFIC LAWS ARE BEING STRICTLY ENFORCED. Y
CHARGES OF CORRUPTION, NEGLECT, AND INDISCIPLINE
HAVE BEEN LEVIED ON SEVERAL HUNDRED LOW LEVEL GOVERN-
MENT OFFICIALS. ALTHOUGH THE REGIME NORMALLY TURNS A
BLIND EYE TO BLACK MARKET OPERATIONS, RAIDS HAVE BEEN
MADE ON RANGOON WAREHOUSES, AND NEARLY 100 SMALL
PRIVATE INDUSTRIES IN THE CAPITAL HAVE BEEN CLOSED FOR
RESELLING RAW MATERIALS PURCHASED FROM THE GOVERNMENT.Y
HARD-LINE ELEMENTS IN THE ARMY APPARENTLY ARE
BEHIND THE TOUGH TACTICS. THE MILITARY HAS ADMIN-
ISTERED RANGOON DIRECTLY SINCE THE RIOTS LAST DECEM-
BER, AND SOLDIERS, RATHER THAN POLICE, ARE NOW MAKING
HOUSE TO HOUSE SEARCHES IN LOWER CLASS SUBURBAN AREAS.
ARMY PATROLS ARE AGAIN STOPPING LONG-HAIRED YOUTHS ON
THE STREETS AND GIVING THEM FREE HAIRCUTS, AS THEY
DATE:
ORIG:
UNIT:
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CLAS9,01CA-?N Approved WSi4 AQge , FYI PD El
CL E Y:
 Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP6-- QO808RO YO
G." A1-CUSTCR Use 7`.L
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0 0 0 u 0 0
SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM
(] I.-mix DISSEM UY:
0 NO IN7kN
CI II TUV.! To
DID IN DECEM BER.Y
THE AUTHORITIES HAD ORIGINALLY ACTED WITH CON-
SIDEI'A3LE RESTRAINT IN DEALING !JITH THE NOST RECENT
DIS TU'3A iCES IN RA iGOJ;I . SEh2)' ?r CIALS r; T ,.1 T H
S T UDENIT AND WORKER G?01JPS T O EXPLAIN THE GOVER)INIMENT' S
POLICIES. THE REGIME HAS KEEN U.iiJILLING OR UNABLE,
HOWEVER, TO COME UP WITH NEW SOLUTIONS TO ALLEVIATE
BURMA'S UNDERLYING ECONOMI: ILLS, AND AUTHORITIES
APPI\RENI -iLY HAVE CONCLUDED THAT THEY i11JST USE FORCE
TO KEEP THE SITUATION FRO I GETTING OUT OF HAND.
{CONFIDENTIAL} E-2 1"1P)E T .r
DATE:
ORIGi
UNIT:
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PT.r:iS~`. : +IC?n .? .. ..5 ?UTHi~r~..n llnli f.-~IG4'!
..I.,SnI..,..,.._ Approverri M3TPPPU 4 91003.7-9 ;,0 =i.1 T
c l- '1" :
 Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9
SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEI?
WESTERN HEMISPHERE DRIEF 135-75?Y
//CHILE: SOME. GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS AND MILITARY OFFICERS
IN CHILE ARE EXPRESSING CONCERN THAT PRESIDENTPPINOCHET IS PLACING
TOO MUCH CONFIDENCE IN THE JUDGMENTS Of A SMALL GROUP Of EXTREMELY
CONSERVATIVE ADVI CRS. THE TOTALITARIAN VIEVS OF THIS GROUP
APPARENTLY HAVE HAD A MAJOR IMPACT ON DECISIONS MADE RECENTLY IN
THE JUNTA'S ?*AME?//V
25X THAT CIVILIAN ADVISER JAIME
GUZ!^,AN WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN PERSUADING THE PRESIDENT TO ADOPT
POLICIES LICE THE CANCELLATION OF A VISIT TO SANTIAGO OP THE UK
HUMAN RyIHTS STUDY GROUP THAT SUBSEOU#NTLY AROUSED STRONG CRITICISM
Of THE REGIME AT HOME AN) ABROAD. RESENTMENT OP THE POWER ARROGATED
BY GUZMAN IS SHAkED BY GENERAL LEIGHT%A KEY JUNTA MEMBER, WHO BLAMES
GUZMAN POR INFLUENCING PINOCHET TO CANCEL THE VISIT.//V
25X1C THAT GUZMAN IS
AAREUVERINI TO EXERT TIGHTER CONTROL OVER THE NEWS MEDIA IN CHILE.
GUZMAN IS SAID TO BE RIGIDLY OPPOSED TO A FREE PRESS AND EAGER TO
CLAMP MORE RESTRICTIVE CONTROLS OVER IT. PINOCHET MAY YET NEED
Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9
 Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9
SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEN
THE WARNINGS OP THOSE WHO OPPOSE MORE REPRESSIVE 1EASURES./FY
//PINOCHET SEEMS TO BELIEVE HIS OWN YREfiUENT ASSERTIONS
THAT THE REGIME HAS STRONG POPULAR SUPPORT- THIS CONfIDEnCE IS
BASED ON OPINION POLLS AND ON CAREFULLY ARRANGED VISITS TO AREAS
OUTSIDE SANTIAGO. HE ONLY GRUDGINGLY ACKNOWLEDGES THE SERIOUSNESS
OP CSILE'S ECONOMIC PLIGHT AND THE DISCONTENT CAUSED BY THE GOVERN-
fENT'S HEAVY-HANDED SECURITY ACTIONS.//Y
//?OR Th8: MOST PART, PINOCHET SEEMS TO LISTEN ONLY TO
WHAT HE WANTS TO HEAR, AND HIS CLOSEST COLLABORATORS ACRE PROBABLY
PLAYING ON THIS TENDENCY.//Y
//THE GOVERNMENT RECOGNIZES THAT A PUBLIC GESTURE TOWARD
RELAXING ITS STAND ON HUMAN RIGHTS IS LONG OVERDUI+ AND WE dAVE
FIRM REPORTS THAT MEASURES TO INPROVE THE SITUATION WILL BE
ANNOUNCED WHEN PINOCHET DELIVERS AN ADDRESS ON SEP?E"8ER Ili THE
SECOND ANNIVERSARY Of ALLENVE' S OVERTHROU./AV
//ALLEVIATION OP THE STATE Of SIEGE RESTRICTIONS AND A
SHIFT Of JUDICIAL AUTHORITY rROf fILITARY TO CIVILIAN COURTS ARE
DISTINCT POSSIBILITIES-//Y
Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9
 Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9
4
SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEM
//SO PAR, HOWEVER. THERE 13 LITTLE REASON TO BELIEVE
THAT THE GOVERNMENT IS READY TO OBSERVE THE SPIRIT AS WELL AS THE LE
LETTER OF ITS OWN LAWS. MORE OFTEN THAN NOT IT LOOKS THE OTHER
WAY WHEN SECURITY FORCES IGNORE THE LAW. {SECRET NO FOREIGN DISSEl1}//
E-2 INPDET * r1
DO/DDO
25X1A
AUGUST 21% 1175
OC2/VHD
3027
Approved For Release 2001/08/21 : CIA-RDP86T00608R000300010037-9