SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP84-00022R000300160035-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 7, 2000
• Sequence Number: 35
• Publication Date: August 24, 1951
• Content Type: BULL

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C E N T R A L I -4; T T E L L I C E N C njJ .A G L N C Y
OFFICE UiP' SCIE1 TIFIC I TELLIGE CE
SCIENTIFIC INTELLICPNCE BULLETIN
Cosnonts presented herein do not necessarily
represent the mature or final appreciation of CIA
and, in general, have not been coordinated with
other intelligence agencies,
This document contains information affecting
the national defense of the United States, within
the meaning of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of
the U. S, Code, as amended. Its transmission or
revelation of its contents to or receipt by an
unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
SECRET
}'La C--hApproved For Release
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SIB 51-2
24 August 1951
Copy No..,/ J,
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BIOLOGY
Page .
Soviet Development of BW Defense Methods . . m . . 1
Plant Breeding Research in USSR
8 Purchase of Large Plasma-Producing Plant by Soviet
Satellites . ? . ? ? . . . . . . . . e . . 4-5
Supply of Antimalarial Drugs to China
. , ? . . a ? ? . . . 5
11 Increased Production of Rubber Medical Equipment in
Eastern Germany . . . . .
12 Transfer of Hospitals from Chinese Coastal Cities . . . . 6
13 Overburdened Chinese Communist Medical Facilities . . . . 7
14 Diversion of U. S. Antibiotics through Belgium to Soviet ry
Orbit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ? . . . ? . . . , ? .
16 Assignment of Medical Units to Battle Stations in North
15 Control of Typhus in the USSR . . . . . . . . . . . .. ? . ? ? 8
Korea . . T ? . . . . . . . .
Approved ror Rele?stJ
Hydrogen Peroxide Development in the USSR
. ? . . . . . 1-'2
East German Export of Paraldehyde Mixture to USSR . . . 3
MEDICINE
Concentration of Physicians in Rumanian Resettlement ,'area . 3-4
Rumanian Acquisition of "Gift" Drugs . .
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'TABLE OF CONTENTS (contd)
NUCLEAR ENERGY
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Item
Atomic Energy Activities in Sinkiang, China
ELECTRONICS
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20 Production of Transformer Paper in Eastern German,
21 Swiss Television
22 New Broadcast Transmitter in East Germany . . . . . 1 Q . . ?
Page
. 8-9
23 New Short-wave Transmitter in East Germany .'. . . ? . . a . . . 11
24 Attempt by Poland to Obtain Electronic Equipment in Switzerland,. 12
WdEP ONS
25 Preliminary Analysis of MIG-15 Recently Recovered in Korea , , 12-13
26 Sighting of Type-15 Aircraft over Korea . . . . . . . . . *? 13-14
27 Reported Quantity Production of Pulse Jet Engines in the USSR 14
MIS CELLANEOUS
28 Meteorological Conference in Czechoslovakia ... . . . . $ . 14-15
29 German Development of Stratosphere Balloons a . . ? ? 15
30 International Activities of Soviet Scientists . . . . . . . . . . 15-16
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SECPO
BIOLOGY
I.. Soviets Development of BW Defense Methods :
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A Canton newspaper, NAN-fang JIH-PAO,
19 Jun :51 dated 29 March 1951, quoted a Tass
CONFIDENTIAL report that Soviet scientists condemned
General MacArthur for large-scale
preparations for BW and stated that the USSR is developing methods
to combat such warfare.
COMMENT: Although there has been
considerable Soviet propaganda on the general subject of BW,
this is the first public mention of Soviet development of what
presumably are methods for Bid defense.
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3. Plant Breeding Research in USSR:
A vast program to develop new crop
varieties adapted to the steppe and
semi-desert area of the USSSR is being
conducted by the All-Union Institute of
Plant Growing. The primary objective is
the development of crop varieties resistant
to the extreme heat and drought of the Turkmen SSR, the Prikaspiskaya
depression (northwest of the Caspian Sea) and the southern Ukraine.
The World Collection of crops, located at the All-Union Institute
"Socialist Agriculture"
(USSR Newspaper)
15 Jul 51
Reed: 1 Aug 51
UN CLASSIFIED
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1, Sovie Develo ment of BW Defense Methods:
General. MacArthur for large-scale
preparations',for BW and stated that the USSR is developing methods
to combat sucl warfare .
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COMMENT: Although` there has been
considerable Soviet propaganda on the general subject of BW,
this is the first Public mention of Soviet development of what
presumably are methods for BN defense.
3.
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BIOLOGY
A Canton newspaper, NAnT-fangf'JIH-PAO,
19 Jun 51 dated 29 March 1951, quoted a Tass
CONFID?INTI. L report that Soviet scientists condemned
"Soeialift Agriculture'
(USSR N wspaper)
15 Jul., l
Reed: .Aug 51
UN CL43SIFIED
A vast program tf"p develop new crop
varieties adaptee\ to the steppe and
semi-desert area Af the USSR is being
conducted by the 41-Union Institute of
Plant Growing. Th primary objective is
the development of r op varieties resistant
to the extreme heat and drought of the Turkmen SR, the Prikaspiskaya
d9pression (northwest of the Caspian Sea) and then southern Ukraine.
The iWorld Collection of crops., located at the All~Union Institute
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of Plant-Growing, serves as a basic source of material for the
program. Local experiment stations in these areas have received
12,000 samples of cotton, wheat, potatoes', vegetables, forages,
oil crops, and citrus crops.
CORNY This report,
supported by information from other sources, indicates that Soviet
plant breeders are continuing to give major attention to heat and
drought resistance in their crop plants and that disease resistance
still occupies a secondary position in their over-all program.
The implication is clear that plant life in the USSR continues to
be vulnerable to biological warfare agents. The World Collection
of plants teas originally established under the regime of N. I.
Vavilov who, as Lysenko's strongest opponent, was purged in 1940.
It is extremely doubtful, however, whether the Soviets will benefit
materially from this remarkable collection of germ plasift so long
as they continue to exclude all methods of plant improvement based
upon modern genetics.
CHEMISTRY
4. Hydrogen Peroxide Development in the USSR:
CIA/HICOG
RITE 01258
TFI-00328/3
15 Jun 51
SECRET
The delivery
known.
A new Soviet purchase order for
considerable amounts of manufacturing
equipment, including ceramic vacuum
columns, for hydrogen peroxide was
placed in the Spring of 1951 with
SAG Reecho, Soviet Zone of Germany.
date and final destination of the equipment are un-
COMMENT: Ceramic vacuum columns are
now used in Germany as part of the equipment employed in the manu-
facture of 35% hydrogen peroxide, but are probably suitable for
making 90% hydrogen peroxide as well.
This is the latest in a series of
orders which indicate a continuing and fairly large-scale effort
to construct plants within the USSR for producing hydrogen peroxide.
These orders imply that the Soviets are in the plant-building rather
than the production stage, and that facilities for making high-test-
peroxide (HTP) production equipment in adequate amounts are not
available within the USSR.
The only conceivable use for large
quantities of HTP is in Walther-type submarine propulsion units.
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The Walther submarine was a German World War II development, and
used concentrated (55% - 90%) hydrogen peroxide, a 90-ton supply
of which permitted these craft to travel submerged for six hours
at a speed of 26 knots.
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;Bona-Schkopa.> chemical plant produces a
paraldehyde-alcohol(45% - 55%) mixture
for export tc. USSR ostensibly for the
production of butadiene, the basic raw.
\material for the manufacture of -ynthetic
rubber. In addition, this mixture can be
readily converted to a rocket fuel by
diluting with alcohol to a 30% paraldehyde-
70% alcohol ratio,
On 21 June 50 the planned production goal
for this chemical plant. during 1951 was
established as 30,000 tons of paraldehyde
mixture. On 14 Nov 50 the planning depart-
ment issued the first Quarter forecast for
1951 indicating that annual. production was
to be increased 36%.
On 30 Jan 51 DA}IA Chemie issued "Export
Allotments of the G.D.R. for 1951", call-
East German Export of Paraldehyde Mixture to USSR:
ing for Schkop'x to' export to USSR 45,000 tons of the paraldehyde-
alcohol mixture, a 50% increase over the original plan.
Oc 4MENT: The large increase in planned
export of this mixture may imply'either an acute shortage of rubber,
a large expansion of the synthetic rubber program, or a stockpiling
of a potential rocket fuel in a very logical and convenient method.
MEDDICINE
6. Concentration of P h sicians in Rumanian Reset;tl me t Area:
State, Bucharest Estimates indicate that 50--75,0b0 persons
Weeka 26 have been evacuated from the Rumanian side
29 Jun 51 of the Rumania-Yugoslavia border. The
SECRET exacuated area reportedly extends along the
full length of the border and is 30-40 miles
wide. In order to care for the requirements of evacuees and to prevent
epidemics, 120 physicians have been ordered to the resettlement' areas.
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COUNT: Regardless of the reported shortage
of physicians and medical supplies elsewhere in Rumania,medical
doctors are being concentrated in the re-settlement area. This is
probably indicative of norm-immunized civil population lacking adequate
hygiene and sanitation facilities in that area.
7. Rumanian Acc uisition of "Gift" Drugs :
Early in 1951 it was reported that Rumanian
authorities have been retaining ten per cent
of the medicines sent in gift packages from
private citizens in the United States.
Authorities use a syringe to withdraw part
of the contents of penicillin bottles containing more than a million
units. Experiments to produce penicillin at'Sinaia have failed.
COUNT : Numerous reports have been received
of the serious shortages of medicines, particularly antibiotics, in
other Soviet Satellites. This item indicates that the Rumanians also
are very anxious to procure additional penicillin. The Rumanian
pharmaceutical industry has been extremely under-developed but with
the help of the USSR more and more products, including sulfa drugs,
are being manufactured. A July broadcast from Bucharest reported
that some of the factories producing medicines had completed this
year's program ahead of schedule. Nevertheless, other reports indi-
cate that during the past year and a half Rumania has received
"medicines" from Czechoslovakia and Western Germany, and penicillin
from-Holland, Sweden, and Eastern Germany. A center in Bucharest
receives penicillin and distributes it only to the Army and hospitals.
It is believed that, while apparently there is little or no peni-
cillin available to civilians, it is quite probable that the military
has adequate supplies and, in fact, may be stockpiling the drug.
Additional evidence confirms the fact that
confiscation of a certain portion of the drugs contained in gift
packages is a standard procedure of most of the Satellite govern-
ments. Other reports have indicated that the Satellite governments
,encourage private citizens to request drugs from the "West" as one
1 means of obtaining medicines in short supply.
.G-
8. Purchase of Lame Plasma-Producing Plant by Soviet Satellites:
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R-1200-51
9 May 51
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a large freeze-drying plasma.
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plant (capacity 1,100 bottles of plasma per week). Since then,
facilities have been extended for large-scale production and
storage. Although these are long-range projects, taking from
6 to 12 months to attain full production, it has been pointed
out that eventual capacity of these plasma plants is far in excess
of peacetime requirements. This large excess can be stored indefi-
nitely. The plants can also be used for production of antibiotics,
vaccines and, with certain modifications, can be converted for
production of BW agents.
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C0 iENT: This is the first information
concerning the Soviet Satellite purchase of plasmaprocessing
equipment No information is given as to which
country purchased the plant or its location.
9. Supply of Antimalarial Drugs.too China:
,
R-1200-51
9 May 51
SECRET
Simultaneously, 1,200 tons of quinine
were ordered from the Netherlands. Prior to the American ban on
exports 19 Nov 50, China received large orders of antimalarials
from U. S, firms believed to be transshipped via India.
COMMENT: This confirms information
received previously that China has been ordering large quantities
of antimalarials. The amount demanded is far in excess of pre-
1950 consumption and might indicate a large civilian antimalarial
campaign. The highest incidence of malaria in China is along the
Indo-Chinese and Burmese borders. No other antimalarial control
measures have been noted and there has been none of the propaganda
build-up with which Communist countries usually herald such a
project.
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11. Increased Production of Rubber Medical Equipment in Eastern Germany:
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11 Jul 51
Recd: 23 Jul 51
CONFIDENTIAL
On 1 March 1951 the Rubber Works in Berlin/
Weissensee reportedly will. start production
of catheter, throat, and stomach tubes in
quantities sufficient to cover the require-
men,s of hospitals and doctors in the German
Democratic Republic.
COMMENT: Although this is the first report
of production of this type of medical equipment in Eastern Germany,
recent information indicates increased production of all types of
medical and scientific equipment. In consideration of German
techrtical and industrial ability, this industry may well be expanded
to provide sufficient equipment not only for East German needs but
for the USSR and Satellites as well.
12. Transfer of Hospitals from Chinese Coastal Cities:
During June, 1951, Chinese Communist authori-
ties commenced moving hospitals from the
Wenchow and Linhal (28-53N/121-07E) coastal
areas to a mountainous area in the northern
part of Chekiang Province. It is also reported
'that there was an influx of various military
units into the coastal regions.
COYMENT: There are no indications of unusual
outbreaks of disease or heavy influx of population to warrant move-
ment of hospitals into the mountainous area, nor does this report
indicate that these are mobile military hospitals. This inland
movement will leave the coastal cities without adequate civil, nedi-
eat protection. It is noteworthy that the population of Wenchow
alone is more than 630,000, whereas the largest city in the mountain
area has a population of only 60,000.
It is possible that the evacuated hospitals
may be used as barracks, living quarters and office space for the
incoming military units,
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quently the shipment was diverted to Rumania. Altlaougn no ac
stated, it was implied that the penicillin was of U. S. origin,
processed and packaged in Belgium for re-export.
SECRET
13. Overburdened Chinese Communist Medical Facilities:
FBIS No. 138 It is reported from Hong Kong that shrines
Far East in Canton were being converted into tempo-
10 Jul 51 ary hospitals to accommodate wounded
Recd: 26 Jul 51 soldiers from Korea. Trainloads of
RESTRICTED wounded stream into Canton daily and all
hospitals are crowded to capacity.
COMMENT: Analysis of
numerous reports indicates the inadequancies of medical facilities
in and near the combat zone, the most important area for the treat-
ment of wounded personnel. Conversion of religious shrines, as well
as evidence that there is no space in any of the hospitals under
command of the Central and South China Military Area, are indicative
of the great strain on available medical facilities in these regions.
14. Diversion of U. S, Antibiotics through Belgium to the Soviet Orbit:
CIA ;631362
State, Brussels, 1605
20 Jun 51
Recd: 18 Jul 51
CONFIDENTIAL
COMMENT: Past evidence indicates that
both Belgium and Switzerland have been involved in transshipment
to Satellite countriest Switzerland is in no way obligated to
abide by U. S. interpretations of what should not enter into
East-West trade. Although Switzerland has been cooperating to
some extent, the U. S. Department of Commerce is now denying
U. S. licenses for export to Switzerland,
There have been numerous references to
Belgium's channeling of pharmaceuticals to Satellites through
Switzerland and other countries. Apparently those concerned with
the matter in Belgium take the stand that the ultimate destination
requirements of the U. S. Department of Commerce are satisfied by
the "nationalizing" of the products through processing and packaging.
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