US/USSR SPACE AGREEMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP74B00681R000100150004-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 29
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 10, 2005
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: November 2, 1971
• Content Type: MEMO

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NATIONAL AERONAUTICS r,. a SPACE ADMINISTF MON
(J y~^ WASHINGTON, D.C. 20546
DD/ST#
REPLY TO NV g (~ L~`L"~ -~~, CC
ATTN OF: WX Sr f
TO: CIA/Dr. Donald Steininger
Assistant Deputy Director for Science and Technology
FROM: WX/Technical Coordinator, Office of DOD and Interagency
Affairs
SUBJECT: US/USSR Space Agreement
Attached is the press release and text of the recommendations of
three joint US/USSR working groups which met in Moscow, August 2-6,
1971.
Please destroy the advance copy previously sent you since the
Soviets have accepted our suggested revision in the text; namely,
redc.signation of "Joint Coordination Group on Natural Resources"
to "'Joint Coordination Group on the Natural Environment (pp. 9-11,
13 and 15) and on pp. 14 "natural resources" has been changed to
read "natural environment features."
Note especially pp. 9-16 re Joint Working Group II - Natural Environment.
Myron W. Krueger
Attachment
as stated
NASA review completed
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~~ E ~~ r?IM II%JI FII 1'.nv~~r.v ..v.. .~. ... .... ..... ..~..... ..~.._,..,~. ~wc./ :/ -j-j-0 J / V
WASHINGTON,D.C.20546 LS: (202):'755-R347
FOR RELEASE: UPON RECEIPT
Richard Friedman
(Phone: [phone])
RELEASE NO: 71-210
US/USSR SPACE AGREEMENT
The National Aeronautics and. Space Administration and
the Soviet Academy of Sciences have agreed to rapid exchange
of findings of special interest by the U.S. and Soviet probes
now approaching Mars.
This exchange is one of a wide range of recommendations
by Joint Working Groups under a space agreement negotiated last
January by teams led by Dr. George M. Low, Deputy Administrator
of NASA, and Academician Mstislav V. Keldysh, President of the
Soviet Academy of Sciences. All the recommendations have been
approved.
Other approved recommendations by a Working Group on Near-
Earth Space, the Moon, and the Planets include the continued
exchange of lunar samples.; working seminars to consider scientific
objectives, strategy, and results, and cross-calibration of
instruments; and expert consideration of the principles of
constructing a common lunar coordinate system.
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The recommendations of a second Joint-Working Group on the
Natural Environment include experiments in remote sensing of the
environment at sites in the U.S. and the USSR, with each country
carrying out the research at its own sites, and joint efforts in
remote sensing of the ocean to relate satellite measurements to
sea surface measurements.
The recommendations of a third Working Group on Space
Meteorology include a review of the existing methods of tempera-
ture sounding from satellites; a joint experiment in methods
of microwave measurement; assurance that ground stations for
receiving cloud cover data from satellites (APT receivers)*of both
countries will be as nearly identical as possible; and coordinated
meteorological rocket soundings along selected meridional zones
in Eastern and Western Hemispheres.
The U.S.-Soviet agreement under which the recommendations
were made and approved is one of two major bilateral space accords
negotiated in the past year. The other provides for joint
determination of compatible space rendezvous and docking capa-
bilities.
* APT - Automatic Picture Transmission system.
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RECOMMENDATIONS BY THE JOINT WORKING GROUPS
ESTABLISHED UNDER THE SUMMARY OF RESULTS
of Discussions on Space Cooperation
Between
THE US NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION
AND THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR
Held In Moscow, January 18-21, 1971
The Joint Working Groups I, II9 and III* provided for in
the Summary of Results of January 1971 have met in Moscow,
August 2-6, 1971, and have developed the following recommenda-
tions.
The Joint Working Groups suggest that the Principals
approve these recommendations in whole or in part within
60 days from this date, after which those recommendations
which are approved shall enter'into force.
*Joint Working Group Is Exploration of Near-Earth Space, the
Moon and the Planets
Joint Working Group II: Natural Environment
Joint Working Group III: Space Meteorology
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1. Recommendations of the Joint Working Group
on Near-Earth Space, the Moon and the Planets.
Near-Earth Space.
1. Joint Working Seminars
The Joint Working Group recommends procedures for
Joint Working Seminars to facilitate joint analysis of data,
coordination of programs of measurement, and discussions of
topical. problems of programmatic value in the field of
magnetospheric investigations.
The recommended procedures follow:
Concrete proposals for Joint Working Seminars
meeting the above objectives will be made as appropriate by
either side through coordinators (Dr. John Naugle for NASA,
Academician Boris N. Petrov for the Academy) whose approval
shall be required in each case, Such approval shall include
a. topic and scope
b. time and duration
c# location
d. attendance
The coordinators shall name co-chairmen (one from
each side) who together will work out details, issue
invitations for attendees and papers, and establish the
general format. Each side may invite scientists of other
countries already engaged in relevant joint research.
Without intent to limit the list of desirable
Working Seminars, it is recommended that the following
topics be given early consideration:
(1) Controlled injection experiments.
2) UV and X-ray solar radiation in relation
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(3) Calibration of instruments.
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stations and satellites.
(5) Specific solar-terrestrial events (such as'
the 8 March 1970 geomagnetic storm).
(6) Coordinated satellite measurements.
2. Correlation of Magnetic Observations
Recognizing the value of correlating magnetic
variations in space with those observed on the ground, the
Joint Working Group recommends that designated points of
contact on each side (Dr. Erwin R. Schmerliug for NASA
and Dr. I. Zhulin for the Academy), explore and report
by 31 December 1971 the feasibility of a project whereby
magnetometer data from USSR ground-based observing stations
would be transmitted in real time to the U.S. geostationary
satellite, ATS-F, assuming its successful functioning, and
re-transmitted to the ground together with data from an on-
board magnetometer. The combined data of magnetic variations,
referring to the same time, will then be made jointly
available. If the project is reported to be feasible, it
shall proceed.
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B. Planetary Exploration
11. The Working Group recommends that as an adjunct to
appropriate international colloquia both parties hold bilateral
discussions on the scientific results, objectives and strategy
for planetary exploration.
It is understood that in connection with such
international colloquia, the parties will, if necessary for
completeness, organize special sessions of invited papers in
which scientists of countries directly engaged in relevant
research could participate. A working session of designated
US and USSR scientists will then prepare a report which should
review the principal scientific problems and objectives in the
exploration of the planets discussed at the meeting and
recommend experiments to be considered by the two sides in
planning their respective research programs. The report may
also ;propose complementary activity by one party during
planetary investigations conducted by the other, as well es
recommendations concerning the exchange of information from
planetary experiments.
We suggest that the discussions of selected planetary
subjects be held in conjunction with the following colloquia:
a. Planetary Sciences Meeting of American
Astronomical Society in Kona, Hawaii, during
March 1972; terrestrial planets, including
preliminary 1971 Mars results.
b. Annual meeting of COSPAR in Madrid, Spain,
during May 1972; outer planets.
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~^. proposed unar mee ing
March 1973; Mars, including an in-depth review
of the 1971 mission results and their effect on
future Mars ubjectives in the pnysicai and
biological sciences.
Final approval of the colloquia and the topics of
subsequent discussions shall be confirmed by 31 December 1971-
2. Considering it feasible and mutually beneficial, the
Joint Working Group recommends a bilateral exchange of
messages on findings of special interest in as near real-time
as possible during the execution of the experiments on
Mariner 9 and Mars 2 and 3. Such exchanges promise to be
especially valuable for the mutual study of dynamic phenomena
in the atmosphere and on the surface of Mars. On this basis,
we recommend the bilateral exchange of suggestions for
desirable measurements, based on the preliminary analysis
of the most significant experimental data, such suggestions
to be accompanied by an appropriate explanation of the
nature, time (GMT), and location of the measurements.
The names of the responsible representatives and the
Telex numbers for such exchange shall be communicated by
mail before 1 October 1971.
The parties would designate the location of the
agreed
measurements ink Mars coordinates. Prior to
1 November 1971, each party would deliver to the other an
explanation of how it is relating its Mars coordinate
system to celestial coordinates.
3. The Joint Working Group recommends that both parties
eachangeA rgy~c~~~20~~r4,~48@U6M~009~0~15'~9 ?
a.,+m will hn nrovidod in printed form with
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adequate explanation. The USSR will provide approximately
70b time-of-flight data points for Venus and the US will
provide approximately 900 post-1965 independent time-of-
flight data points on Mars. Designated points of contact
on each side (Dr. William Brunk for NASA and Dr. E. L. Akim
for the Academy) will assure that the exchange is completed
by December 31, 1971-
C. Lunar Exploration
1. Lunar Conferences.
The Joint Working Group recommends that a lunar con-
ference be held in the USSR in February or March, 1973, in order
to exchange views on the results, scientific objectives, and
future programs of lunar exploration.
Representatives of the USSR will attend and present
scientific papers at the Lunar Science Conference in
January 1972 in Houston, Texas, USA. At that time preliminary
plans for the USSR conference will be discussed.
2. Lunar Photography.
The Joint Working Group recommends that information
on all photography taken on past and future lunar missions
be communicated through an exchange of detailed index
charts, lists, catalogs, or similar means, the first exchange
to be completed by 31 March 1972. This does not exclude the
possibility of exchanging lunar photographs prior to
March 1972. Requests for photographs shall be made by
reference to such indices, shall be made in reasonable
quantities with due regard for possible reciprocation, and
shall be fulfilled at reproduction cost. Requests shall be
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directed, if to the US, to t h- 1~'a ional pace cience a a
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Center, and if. to the USSR, to INTERCOSMOS. Descriptions
of supporting data will be the subject of future correspondence.
Each party may indicate to the other, regions of the
lunar surface which in its view are of particular interest for
photographing. The other party will then attempt to take this
into account in planning future missions.
3. Lunar Cartography.
The Joint Working Group recommends that each party
provide for the other by 31 December 1971 copies of all. lunar
maps that have been prepared at a scale of 1:250,000 or
smaller. An index of larger scale maps will also be provided
and copies of such maps furnished on request.
Where either party wishes to specify a location on the
lunar surface, it will do so by reference to coordinates on a
specified map available to both parties.
A group of experts, to be designated by 31 December 1971
by Dr. John E. Naugle for NASA and Academician Boris N. Petrov
for the USSR Academy of Sciences, will meet to discuss the
techniques by which the maps have been prepared, the
principles of construction of a common lunar coordinate
system, the compilation of a list of control points of
varying order and common methods for future lunar cartography.
The first meeting of this group will be held by 1 April 1972.
The participants, location, date and program of this meeting
will be established by correspondence.
4. Exchange of Lunar Samples.
The Joint Working Group recommends that samples
returned from lunar missions by either party will be provided
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to.the other party in a manner similar to that already used
with Apollo 11 and Apollo 12 lunar samples and Luna 16 lunar
samples. The amount and kind of samples will be negotiated
and agreed in each case by designated representatives of
NASA and the USSR Academy of Sciences. Each sample will be
appropriately documented for its place of origin, methods
of handling, and other necessary data.
Such exchanges will be implemented as soon as
possible following the completion of preliminary examination
and characterization of the material, but at a time and in
a manner convenient to both parties.
For the purpose of exchanging experience in the
techniques of lunar sample investigation, the cross-calibration
of instruments, or the interpretation of results, the Joint
Working Group recommends an exchange of one or two
appropriate specialists. The names of the specialists,
duration and the institutions where they will be in residence,
will. be established through correspondence.
5. Complementary Lunar Exploration.
The Joint Working Group recommends continued
discussion between designated representatives on the possi-
bilities of complementary lunar exploration activities.
Co-Chairmen:
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'II. Recommendations of the Joint Working
Group on the Natural Environment
~. Investigations Over Land
The Joint Working Group recommends:
-- The conduct of multi-purpose aerospace and field experiments
on the environment, using similar methods and sensors, in a
number of sites in the US and the USSR. Two of these sites
in the USSR are similar to sites in the US. They are
referred to as the analogous sites. The remaining sites
are complementary in the two countries. Each country will
carry out research in its own sites;
-- That the results of these experiments be exchanged in the
form of technical reports containing conclusions, analysis
methods and original data with sufficient completeness
that the analyses could be repeated or accomplished by
alternative methods by other investigators.
-- That close cooperation and coordination be maintained
throughout the conduct of the experiments. The subjects of
cooperation and coordination shall include: general methods
employed in the experiments and methods of instrument
calibration including, where necessary, exchange of
calibration standards.
-- That within 90 days of the acceptance of these recommenda-
tions, the Academy of Sciences of the USSR and the US
National Aeronautics and Space Administration each designate
a. group of scientists as members of a Joint Coordination Group
on the Natural Environment to be responsible for carrying
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out the recommended coordination and cooperation on the
working level. The first meeting of the Joint Coordination
Group on the Natural Environment should take place not more
than 90 days after establishment of the group. At their
first meeting the Joint Coordination Group on the Natural
Environment should establish a schedule for exchange of infor-
mation and data concerning the projects (described later in
this document) in the analogous area. At the same meeting they
should establish a schedule for the selection of the research
projects in the complementary areas for which information
and data will be exchanged and the program for the exchange
of reports. As individual results become available the Joint
Coordination Group on the Natural Enviroment should carry out
specific exchanges of data and results for related and com-
plementary projects as soon as possible during and after the
acquisition of data. The Joint Coordination Group on the
Natural Environment should also be responsible for carrying
out the cooperation and coordination regarding experiment
methods and calibration methods and standards.
The sites recommended for cooperative study follow:
Analogous Sites
USSR
1. Tsimlanski (46?40'-47?40' n.lat., 43? to 44?30' e.long.)
a flat steppe plain, cultivated in the main, composed of
friable deposits. %
2. Ustyurtski, corner coordinates: Point A (43?N-54?E),
Point B (43?40'N-57?30'E), Point C (41?N-60?E), Point D
(4ap ro;e'd [Pdr Feel asi 6f/t2/RT~8 aii?Pf 6&&db; 1 OD4-flow
sea level depressions.
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1. South Dakota (44? to 45?30' n.lat., 97? to 99? w.longa
a relatively flat, dry land agricultural area.
2. Arizona ecological site (32? to 35? n.lat., 103? to
112? w.long.) - a desert area that includes rapidly
growing urban centers and an eastward addition to this
site that is underlain by gently folded sedimentary
rocks.
Complementary Bites
1. Caucasus,
2. Balkhash,
3. Chatkalski,
4. Sikhote-Alin.
1. Southern Appalachian,
2. Cascade Mountains,
3. Chesapeake Bay,
4. Gulf Coast,
5. South Florida,
6. Bucks Lake,
7. California.
-?- It is recommended that the Joint Coordination Group on
the Natural Environment, in an early meeting, review the
complementary sites and related investigation topics and
recommend definite projects for selected sites for addi-
tional study and exchange of results.
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Aerial and space surveys and supporting ground observations
and measurements of and within the analogous sites are
recommended. These should include:
1. Aerial and manned and unmanned space: spectro-
photometric, photographic, multi-spectral, thermal,
and microwave surveys..
2. Related ground-based geophysical, spectrometric,
meteorological, geological, soil, and geobot anic
observations and measurements.
-?- The basic physical problems of atmospheric transmission,
absorption, scattering, emission and refraction as well as
questions of spectral reflectivities, emissivities and
penetration radiation into solid materials must be addressed.
~?- The Joint Working Group on Natural Environment recommends
that the following research topics be pursued cooperatively
in the analogous sites:
At Tsimlanski, USSR, and South Dakota, US:
1. Water and snow inventories,
2. Hydrogeology,
3. Structural geology,
4. Agricultural crop inventory and productivity
estimates,
5. Microclimatology (shelter belts),
6. Soil mapping, and soil moisture and conservation
studies.
At Ustyurtski, USSR, and Arizona ecological site, US:
1. Structural geology,
2. Forage grass and shrub inventory,
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.4. Archeology,
5. Soil mapping, and soil moisture and conservation studies.
Each research topic will require specific types of remote
sensor data collected at specified intervals. To illustrate
these data requirements, the data required to undertake snow
inventories, with the aim of evolving a model for predicting
water runoff, are given in the following table:
Task Sensors Platform Frequency
Develop Infrared Aircraft Weekly in
model for photography, or space- snow
predicting thermal craft accumula-
water run- imagery, tion and
off from passive melt
melting microwave, periods
snow radiometers,
and gamma
ray detectors
Ground Truth
Measurements of
water content of
snow, hydrologic
history, climato-
logical history
-- It is recommended that the Joint Coordination Group on
the Natural Environment define similar specific data
requirements for each of the other research topics early
in the planning process.
B. Investigation over the Ocean
1. The Joint Working Group on Natural Environment, in
considering oceanography, notes the following:
(a) The USSR has a national program to deploy several
research ships in the eastern tropical Atlantic in 1972 primarily
for meteorological purposes. They will also continue to have in
1972 and following years operational meteorological satellites
(Meteor) in orbit equipped with infrared radiometers. In 1973,
the USSR proposes to send one oceanographic research vessel to
one of two sites in the North Atlantic where large horizontal
temperature gradients prevail: (1) the Gulf Stream east of.Cape
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'Hatteras, or (2) the polar front between Iceland and Canada.
They will deploy many research vessels and several aircraft and
spacecraft in support of the international GARP/GATE tropical
meteorological experiment in the A111Fa-vllic in 19740
(b) The US has a national program involving aircraft to
develop remote sensing technology for all natural environmental
features, including those of the oceans. They will continue to
have in 1972 and following years operational meteorological
satellites (ITOS/NOAA) in orbit equipped with infrared radiom-
eters. In 1972 they will also have an experimental earth
resources satellite (ERTS A) to measure reflectances in several
bands of the visible. In 1973 the US may launch an ERTS B
satellite (multispectral visible and IR), Nimbus E (IR and
microwave) and Skylab (multispectral visible, IR, Passive and
active microwave). In 1974, the US plans also to participate
in the international meteorological tropical experiment (GARP/
GATE) in the Atlantic with several research vessels and several
aircraft.
2. The Joint Working Group on Natural Environment recom-
mends the following US/USSR joint efforts in remote sensing of
the ocean in the interests of better management of fisheries,
safer and more efficient marine transport, and improved predic-
tion of weather and roughness of the sea.
-- NASA and the Academy will exchange satellite and surface
data accumulated during the USSR program deploying ships in
the eastern tropical Atlantic in 1972. The purpose would
be to compare satellite infrared temperature measurements
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? evaluate the utility of infrared and visual images to
describe sea surface conditions. NASA and the Academy
will name, within 90 days of the date of this agreement,
experts to the Joint Coordination Group on the Natural
Environment to plan and execute this effort.
-?- The aforementioned exports will plan implementation of all
agreed-upon joint efforts, will schedule and carry out
.exchanges of information on techniques, methods of data
processing and analysis, and results of experiments.
Reports on the results will contain sufficient original
data to permit evaluation of the results or to permit
analysis by other techniques.
-- NASA and the Academy will also charge the aforementioned
experts to study the opportunities for expansion of the
above mentioned national efforts to further the objectives
stated below, and within six months of the date of this
agreement to recommend cooperative efforts as necessary.
Objectives
1. Sea Surface Temperature
To: (a) Relate satellite and aircraft microwave and
infrared measurements to direct surface
temperature measurements.
(b) Develop understanding of the effects of surface
conditions (i.e., spray, foam, and surface
films) on the above..
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2'. Sea Surface Roughness
To: (a) Determine the ability of visual and IR images
and passive and active microwave instruments
a
from satellites to measure sea surface
conditions, including rouGYuless.
(b) Relate such measurements to two-dimensional
wave spectra theory and surface winds.
Ocean Biological Productivity
To: (a) Determine the utility of remote visual spectrum
for detection of phyto-plankton and its relation-
ship along with surface temperature, to
bioloGical productivity of the ocean.
(b) Determine the variability of such measurements
in various upwelling area.
4. Sea Ice Conditions
To. (a)
Map and describe the ice cover in polar regions
of the ocean by means of III and microwave
measurements from aircraft and satellites.
A. P. Vinog dov Leonard Jaffe
Date: Date
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III. Recommendations of the Joint Working
Groups on Space Meteorology.
A. Meteorological Satellites.
1. Having discussed the possibilities for cooperation in
the development of methods for meteorological measurements from
satellites as well as the interpretation, processing and
application of the data acquired, the Joint Working Group
recommends the following:
(a) Experts from each country would prepare and
exchange by 1 June 1972 a "Technical Note" on temperature
sounding from satellites with emphasis on; a review of existing
methods, analysis of problems to be solved, a list of required
experiments, proposed cooperative programs and adequate
references. (A recommended format for the "Technical Note" is
contained in the Appendix.)
(b) Based on the "Technical Notes" (one from each
country) recommended above, experts would convene to develop
detailed plans for appropriate cooperative programs.
(c) A joint experiment would be organized in 1973-74
on temperature sounding by satellites of both countries over
Western Europe, including the exchange of data on spectral
intensities measured during this experiment, and the provision
of basic additional information such as orbital data, slit
function, resolution, etc. The experts designated under (b)
will plan this experiment.
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2. Exchange of information on methods of microwave
measurement now being developed in both countries indicated
the strong interest and capability of both sides in microwave
methods which may be applicable to the determination of
precipitation zones, ice conditions, and sea surface roughness
and temperature.
(a) It is recommended that simultaneous conventional
and. microwave aircraft observations of these parameters be
conducted in conjunction with direct observations from ships
(if the latter are available), and that such a program be
conducted jointly by both countries in the international waters
of the :Bering Sea beginning late 1972 or early 1973.
Aircraft would also be used with the ships to
observe directly the atmospheric and surface parameters which
are needed to interpret the microwave measurements. If' microwave
observations from both US and USSR satellites are available over
the experimental area at the same time, these data should be
incorporated into the joint experiment. The end product of this
experiment should be the exchange of equivalent observations made
by aircraft and ships of each side, the analysis of the microwave
observations using the total set of environmental measurements
available, and a comparison of these analyses.
(b) It is recommended that each side produce a plan
describing its contribution to the joint experiment and that
both sides exchange these plans by January 1972. These plans
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.should specify the exact time and location for the experiment,
the parameters to be measured by inutruments, the accuracy,
spatial and spectral resolutions of the measurements, and the
format of data to be exchanged.
3. The Joint Working Group, recognizing the importance of
remote sensing of temperature and height of cloud. tops, and
stressing the lack of adequate data. on emissivity of clouds,
recommends that the existing data on emissivity of clouds of
various types in the 8-12 micrometers "window" be exchanged by
1 February 1972, and that future efforts be coordinated by
correspondence.
4. (a) The Joint Working Group recommends that Automatic
Picture Transmission (APT) signal characteristics of the two
countries should be such that requirements for ground receiving
equipment be as nearly identical as possible.
(b) It is recommended that both sides, after conducting
appropriate experiments, ma',--e known the basic parameters of
their respective systems under development for the direct
broadcast of images from meteorological satellites. It is
expected that no significant modification of equipment now being
used to receive APT data from US satellito will be required in
order to receive the direct broadcast of images expected from
USSR meteorological satellites.
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APPENDIX TO METEOROLUGICAL SATELLITES
TEMPERATURE SOUNDING FROM SATELLITTES
1. Summary of existing methods of observation and of
inversion of radiances to temperature profiles.
2. Problems requiring additional wore and status of
solutions:
a. Influence of clouds
b. Influence of aerosols
c. CO concentration and its variation
d. Transmission functions
e. Necessary a priori information
f.' Optimum form of instruments for
operational application
3. Experiments and studies which would contribute to the
solution of above problems (e.g., balloon-borne
spectrometers, CO2 measurements, laboratory tests).
4. Proposed cooperative ppograms (including form,
mechanism, schedule).
!7. References.
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Sounding Rockets.
1. The Joint Working Group recommends that the primary
scientific aim of meteorological rocket soundings along
two selected meridional zones in the Eastern and Western
Hemispheres be to investigate the processes characterizing
the physical state of the stratosphere and mesosphere.
Accordingly, appropriate research topics are:
(a) the investigation of the cyclic processes in
the tropical stratosphere, such as the annual, semi-annual
and quasi-biennial changes, and their relation. to processes
in the extratropical latitudes;
(b) the investigation of the large scale strato-
mesospheric meteorological processes in the Northern and
Southern Hemispheres;
(c) the investigation of the seasonal transitions
of the circulation and intra-seasonal phenomena, such as
strata-mesospheric warmings.
Data from the proposed networks could also be
applied to the study of solar-terrestrial relationships and
high altitude climatological investigations. Additionally,
the acquisition of these data is of great importance for the
calibration and improvement of temperature sounding by means
of meteorological satellites. Together with other existing
and future meteorological rocket sounding activities, the
two proposed meridional systems could serve as a foundation
for the development of an ultimate global meteorologic,:t.i
rocket; sounding network.
2. The US? Hid~rometeorolo ical Service will be
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responsible for rocket soundings at the following stations:
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Heisse Island; Volgograd; Molodjejnaya; one or two research
ships in the Indian Ocean; and will coordinate with India
sounding programs by Soviet meteorological rockets at the
international range, TERLS (India). The USSR Hydrometeorological
Service will also make necessary arrangements with France con-
cerning the launching of M-100 rockets from Kerguelen Island
beginning in 1973. The sounding results, obtained from these
stations, will be transmitted to the US side, with the approval
of India and France under arrangements to be made by the Soviet
side.
NASA will assume the responsibility for the rocket
soundings at Wallops Island and will coordinate with Brazil,
Argentina (EXAMETNET members) and France for launchings at
Natal, Mar Chiquita and Kourou. NASA will also make the
necessary arrangements for soundings at Thule (Greenland);
Ft. Churchill (Canada); Cape Kennedy; Antigua; and Ft. Sherman.
Both sides will explore the possibility of increasing
the number of stations in the meridional networks with
particular emphasis on higher latitudes.
It is recommended that the parameters to be measured
are temperature and wind.
3. The Soviet side will use the M-100 meteorological
rocket with an altitude capability of 100 km, providing
temperature and pressure measurements up to altitude of
80-90 km and wind data up to 60 km.
The American side will primarily use the Space
Data Loki Motor and Dart equipped with the Space Data
instrument and sensors, having an altitude capability of
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70 km. This sytem will provide temperature and win
mea'3urements up to 60 km.
It is recommended that the following technical
documentation be exchanged before the end of 1971<
(a) Technical descriptions and specifications of
systems to be used, including the flight and ground facilities;
(b) Descriptions of the measurement and processing
techniques, including examples of processing;
(c) The description of sensor calibration techniques.
Both sides would schedule their respective launchings,
each i1Jednesday, if possible, the International Day of the
Geophysical Calendar.
It is recommended that the two sides exchange alerts
of stratospheric warmings and make additional soundings during
these periods, as well as during the spring and autumn transitions
of circulation. Emphasis will be on those stations located
in high latitudes.
4. It is recommended that the exchange of rocket
sounding data begin in January 1972. Data of two kinds
will be exchanged: (a) for operational use and (b) for
scientific use. For the transmission of operational data,
the WMO ROCOR code will be used. These data transmissions
should be made within seven days after launching. For the
exchange of data for scientific purposes, the 'WDC-A form
should be used. Data for scientific use should be
dispatched by air mail within 1 - 2 months after launchings.
5. The Working Group recommends rocket system inter-
comparison tests, since those are much needed for this program.
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 Approved For Release 2005/02/17 : CIA-RDP74B00681 R000100150004-2 24
However,-the program of exchange should not be delayed until
the intercomparison tests can be made since for certain
research problems the data now appear to be sufficiently
compatible.
The intercomparisons should be conducted within the
framework of international cooperation of the WPJMO, if
possible. Other approaches which may be more feasible and
convenient for both sides should be explored.
6. Both sides note the necessity to exchange some
analyses (i.e., space- and time-cross sections) and to
present scientific results in regular scientific seminars
and symposia such as COSPAR and IUGG.
Co-chairmen:
~' //~, j I /
L. A.. AIesandrov
Date :
orris .CepT per
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 Approved For Release 2005/02/17 : CIA-RDP74B00681 R000100150004-2
US MEMBERS OF JOINT WORKING GROUPS
participating in meetings August 2-6, 1971
Near-Earth nca the Moon and the Planets
~M~p1~IMRiL^!.c?:'*. 12+"'y. i'sl3fa[S~^' YR.i~el~ EI~MRMF.~yfYE~:'
John E. Naugle -- Chairman
Henry J. Smith -- Vice-Chairman
Magnetosphere Panel
Erwin R. Schmerling -- Chairman
Kinsey A. Anderson
Norman F. Ness
James I. Vette
Planetary Panel
Henry J. Smith -- Chairman
Robert S. Kraemer
Michael Be McElroy
Donald G. Rea
Wolf V. Vishniac
Lee R. Scherer -- Chairman
Noel W. Hinnors
Frank Press
Leonard Jaffe -- Chairman
William A. Fischer
Marvin Holter
E. P. McClain
Meteorological Satellites
David S. Johnson -- Chairman
Morris Topper -- Vice-Chairman
John W. Firor
Arthur W. Johnson
William Nordberg
Meteorological Rockets
Morris Topper -- Chairman
Frederick G. Finger -- Vice-Chairman
William W. Kellogg
John F. Spurling
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of Members of the Soviet Working Groups
who participated in the Conference
Moscow, 2-6 August 1971
I. working Group "Exploration of Near-Earth Space,
the Moon and the Planets"
Be N. Petrov -- leader
G. I. Petrov
A. I. Tsarev
M. Ya. Marov
I. A. Zhulin
S. S. Kryukov
11. Working Group "Study of the Natural Environment"
A. P. Vinogradov -- leader
A. 14, Obukhov
K. Ya. Kondrat'yev
A. Ye. Basharinov
Yu. K. Khodarev
V. Be Komarov
III. working Group "Space Meteorology"
A. A. Aleksandrov -- leader
I. Subgroup "Meteorological Satellites"
I.
P.
Vetlov
N.
K.
Vinnichenko
D.
P.
Zakatov
V.
G.
Boldyrev
II.
Subgroup "Meteorological Rockets"
L.
A.
Aleksandrov
I.
S.
Moshnikov
A.
V.
Fedynskiy
A.
P.
Perov
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