LETTER TO ANGUS MACLEAN THUERMER FROM E. SPENCER GARRETT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP77M00144R000500140059-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 5, 2004
• Sequence Number: 59
• Publication Date: February 20, 1975
• Content Type: LETTER

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7
Mr. Angus Maclean Thuermer
Assistant to the Director
Central Intelligence Agency
Washington DC 20505
Dear Mr. Thuermer:
February ZU 19/5
To refresh your memory of a recent exchange, I'm
attaching copies.
Thought you might also be interested in the cartoon
and my letter to President Ford.
I would like to pursue my support of both the CIA
and the FBI and continue to write (for what they're
worth) to various persons in Washington. The big
problem with such activity is that the public just
doesn't know the names, titles, or addresses of the
people to whom they should write.
Can you give me any information? In this mornings
,paper I see that Representative Lucien N. Nedzi is
to be chairman of the Select Committee on Intelli-
gence. I would imagine he would be a "good one"
for me to write ... but what's his address? Can
you help me?
With thanks for your Feb 03 note ... and best wishes
to you and the CIA.
attchmts: ml Jan 17
yours Feb 03
ml to the President
(with cartoon)
Very truly,
A
. Spencer Garrett
Incidentally ... you might be interested, in knowing that
your's of Feb 03 was the only acknowledgement I received
t Apt3116VeZI Aft iftetera%e h00470/29 a tIN-11;00trrM6Cii44R0d051004)400to.ety ' re
all very busy ... so am II.
CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR
5 MIRCH 1975
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New JFK assassination probe sought
? By Stewart Dill McBride
Staff writer of
The Christian Science Monitor
Boston
Rep. Henry B. Gonzalez (D) of
Texas was riding only four cars
behind the late President John F.
.Kennedy on the day of the assassina-
tion, Nov. 22,1963.
? And up until Watergate, the San
? Antonio congressman, like most
Americans, was content to accept the
Warren Commission conclusion that
Lee Harvey Oswald was the only.
? gunman in Dallas tile:. day.
But now he has asked the House to
create a select committee to reopen
the case ? on the grounds that federal
Intelligence agencies might have had
a conspiratorial hand in the assassi-
? nation.
While anticipating opposition from
congressional colleagues who "either,
think the topic is too hot to handle or
are afraid of looking ludicrous if an
Investigation falls through," Mr. Gon-
zalez is bolstered by growing num-
bers of Americans who want to know:
"Who killed JFK?"
But Mr. Gonzalez's efforts probably
will receive little support from the
late President's family. At a recent
news conference, Eunice Kennedy
Striver said her family was "per-
fectly satisfied with the Warren re-
port," which looked into her brother's
assassination.
Still, "speculation which seemed
absolutely lunatic 10 years ago ? the
Idea that government agencies, big
business, or the Mafia might be
involved ? now seem pen:ectly rea-
sonable," said philosophy Prof. Rich-
ard Popitin of Washington University
in St. Louis during a conference in
Boston on "ne Politics of Con-
spiracy."
Representative Gonzalez says his
suspicions were aroused by Water-
gate testimony revealing what some
saw as intense resentment by the
Central Intelligence Agency of Presi-
dent Kennedy's handling of the 1961'
Bay of Pigs invasion, coupled with
recent reports of domestic CIA spy-
lug.
'Documents link incidents?
Among the Gonzalez files ? ac-
cumulated from private researchers
across the country ? are documents
which, he says, suggest links between
the presidential assassination and the
Watergate burglars.
In the working papers of Represen-
tative Gonzalez are a series of photo-
graphs supposedly taken shortly aster
the assassination showing three men
? two of whom the Gonzalez staff
claims resemble Watergate figures
E. Howard Hunt and Frank Sturgis.
These photographs, in the custody
of the Dallas police, reportedly show
the men outside the School Book
Depository Building free- n?hich Mr.
Oswald was said to have firer.; the
fatal bullet.
But more important than the new
and old documents in their files, say
the Gonzalez staff, is the need to
examine still unanswered questions
such as: Why were crucial autopsy
records destroyed and some 100 docu-
ments sealed in the National Archives
for 75 years for "national security"?
Why did the Warren Commission,
Including then Rep. Gerald R. Ford of
Michigan, never view crucial autopsy
X-rays and photos to resolve the
conflicting testimony regarding the
angle and entrance points of the
bullets that hit President Kennedy
and Texas Gov. John B. Connally? 1
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WASHINGTON POST
5 MARCH 1975
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LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
"The KGB's 'Safe House"
Joseph Alsop's column, "The KGB's
-,Safe house'". in ...the February 24
Washington Post asserts that "domi-
neering and left of center Senate.
staff aides ? . are controlling the
thoughts and acts of all too many law-
makers" and constitute "a quasi-in-
dependent power bloc." This is such a.
self-evideNt propoeition to Mr. Alsop
tl'-at he ck osn't boAler to offer a 'shred
of documentation 'or it. .
Moreover, he says, this group?"this
-unknown, unseen (indeed!)- power
bloc" is being visited by Toss corre-
spondents, Soviet -embassy employees
and others . who are _in reality KGB
agents. The FBI has been derelict in
not keeping these encounters under
survei!lance, and as a result the U.S
Capitol is infested with spies.
The implication is plain and nasty:
anybody who is ,"-Left of center" is a po.
tential KGB accomplice and needs to
be watched.
What does Mr. Alsop mean by "left
of center" anyway? People who fa-
vored the end of the 'Vietnam war?
Those who favor detente? Arms limita-
tion? in.. short, anyone who disagrees
with Mr. Alsop? if that is the case, Mr.
Alsop- has a _bigger problem than he
imagines, since- the majority of Amer--
cans?according to the polls--also dis-
agree with Mr. Alsop and favor the
policies cited above, and presumably
need to be- watched, too.
The trouble with Mr. Alsop's fantasy
world is that only foreign communism
is seen as undermining our institutions.
Surveillance of our legislators and
their staffs by a secret, unaccountable
police force is not seen as a danger; Or
the collection of damaging dossiers
based on hearsay: or the reckless la-
belling of dissenters as conspirators;
or the infiltration of government spies
into legitimate private organizations.
Alf of these violations of our righ.zs to
privacy, to freedom of expression and
to freedom of asso,iation are 1..irtly
dismissed: ". . . the foolish may credit
the argument that the CIA-FBI rum-
pus has uncovered a grave threat to
our civil liberties."
Well, along with millions of other
Americans, 1 do not think it is foolish
to believe that violation of our funds-
mental constitutional rights does more
to subvert our institutions than any ex-
ternal threat; or to believe that if the
abuses of the FBI and the CIA are not
exposed and checked, these secret
agencies will become as powerful and
repressive in the United States as the
KGB is in Russia. Finally, I believe
that the Congress of the United
States, as the people's freely elected
representatives, has the right and the
duty to oversee and control the CIA
and the FBI, and not, as in Mr. Alsop's
upside-down and profoundly undemoc-
ratic scheme, the other way around.
Florence B. Isbell,
Executive Director.
American Civil Liberties Union.
Natonal Capital Area.
WtiAlirlgt.011.
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CHICAGO TRIBUNE
5 MARCH 1975 .?
.Spy vs'. s ? ove d FOr Kir ,49 onvaq, ,..09 bk IVTIF, 7 RA q,91 4414-61:16K8 itaagggf
. -
. has been dominated by the Donovan _swasli- gory are such vergent personalities as au-
enemy-professor eate- .
thor Victor Marchetti, a former CIA analyst
Wh
bucklers, among them most of its directors. who has ?.t.-ritten a book critical of clandestine o wil' I With the permission and most often the .en- acticnt Seci. -etary of Defensees
Jam Schlesing-
couragement of U. S. Presidents, they have &, a former CIA director; and Ray S. Cline, a
made clandestine operation the center of CIAf di ector- of the CIA and State
CIA control?
?
'Professors' threaten reign
of old cloak and dagger set
By Jim Squires
Cale.f r.,,T Washington Bureau
oicaqa Tribeme PresS Sandie
WASHLNGTON?At the Central Intelligence
kgency's sprawling home for spies in subur-
Dan Virginia, an elevator arrives on an upper
Icor and opens its doors. It's empty. -
. In the hallway, two agency employes watch
as the elevator waits its computer-allotted
Eine, silently closes it doors, and moves on.
. !Well, there goes Angleton again," one
racks. His companion shrieks in laughter. ,
Se.A.'NGLETON,". As the world now knows, Is
lames Jesus Angleton, the shadowy 57-year-
aid American master counterspy whose forced
resignation last December appeared to link
aim to allegedly illegal spying activities by the
7IA against Americans. ?
For 31 years Angleton had been a key figure
in the nation's intelligence community, a val-
Jed and trusted superpatriot who served his
eountry with a bri Ili a nee and dedication
matched by few others. .
- But had he been on that elevator, chances
are that no one would have recognized hini
anyway. As chief of CIA counterintelligence,
the enigmatic Angleton and his job were such
a mystery that he was hardly more than a
name in a bad joke to many of his coworkers.
THIS SHARP-FEATURED, British-mannered
=an with the cloak-and-dagger style is the
personification of the clandestine operation?
the dark side of the nation's divided intelli-
gence house. ?
Both the Angleton firing and the accompany-
ing flap over whether the agency has been
operating illegally in this country are off-shoots
or a much broader dispute within the highest
levels of government?a dispute which pits spies
against spies.
On one side are the Angletons?the agency's
operators who, have their roots in the "drop
'em behind the days of Gen. William.
(Wild Bill) Donovan, whose Office of Strategic
Services pioneered .covert. United States ac-
tion against the 'Germans and Japanese in
"World War H.
. On the other are the analysts, or "profes-
sors," as Angleton. might call them?the re-
searchers and policy experts who believe the
CIA's principal role is to coordinate and eval-
-uate intelligence information.
Approved For
-existence.
The agency has fought some secret wars, Department analyst who is a vocal critic of
started several not so secret ones, felled gov- past and present intelligence policy, especially
as practiced by Secretary of-State Henry Kis-
ernments, installed its own men wherever pos-
Sible. and generally poked its nose in everyJ singer. While Cline, Schlesinger, and Marchetti
where a U. S. interest might be served. are unlikely conspiratorial partners in any en-
deavors, they all agree that the intelligence
Better known than its successes are its fail- operations of the government badly needs re-
ures. Among them the war in Laos, the pacifi- forming.
e ation program in Viet Nam, the Bay of Pigs The spate of books and articles critical of
'Invaslon, and U. S. efforts to overthrow gov- the CIA and the flood of newspaper accounts
einments in Guatemala and Chile. of clandestine activity are all regarded by the
These global pursuits have invariably been old OSS troops as thinly veiled attacks by
,
their enemies. CIA DIRECTOR William Colby, while a
product of the clandestine services, is labeled
by his former associates as a. turncoat who
.has-sided with the other side out of political
, expediency: ,
? He has been roundly condemned inside and
outside the intelligence _community for firing
Angleton simultaneously with published reports
that linked him to domestic spying activities.
Ironically, most intelligence sources agree
? that Colby had decided to fire Angleton long
? ago, mainly because the old warrior had failed
to accept the policy of detente with the Soviet
Union and softening U. S. stands toward the
Arabs. Angleton's hardline policies, the
sources contend, had led to repeated confron-
tations with Colby over the handling of -Israeli
intelligence operations with whom Angleton
had long been the liaison.
' ANGLETON WAS SIMPLY a symbol of the
Old Boy, OSS clandestine operator who had
refused to change with the times," explained
one insider. "Colby wanted his own man in
that job. By reinoving Angleton when he did;
he let it be known that the agency is Changing.
"I think Colby is handling things.rather well.
He's got to, push what is good about theagen-
-cy, and what is good is its capability for re-
search and analysis." ?
Colby, himself, has complained that public
attacks on the agency and that many congres-
sional probes are endangering the life of the
CIA as an intelligence-gathering apparatus.
Because of the tin-eat posed by Congress and
the press, he says, the agency's foreign
sources may dry up, rather than risk having
their information or their identities leaked by
the CIA.
orrner deputy r
conceived, charted, and carried out by the
secret operations of the CIA. ?
- SO3EE CIA MEN. like Gen. Edward Lens-
ale, whose military rank was a "cover"- for
the loyalties, became public men. The now-
retired Lansdale, for examiile, is so well
Insenen for his meddling in foreign govern-
ments that his presence in an underdeveloped
country is still an effective weapon in psycho-
lcigical warfare. a
:Others, like Angelten, the. just as impor-
.
flrrt, are far less known. After a stint with
rlonovan at protecting the Italian provincial
gf)verzinent against insurgent Communists aft-
er World War II, Angleton faded into the CIA
maze to become the nation's most effective
cc:amterintelligence officer. Among his Success-
es was uncovering evidence leading to- the
'identification of Soviet spy Rudolf Abel in 1957.
Underlying the work of the Lansdales and the
rseletcres is a burning dedication to a single
principle?the' use of the CIA as a covert oper-
ation force with which to fight the cold war
threat of Communist 'takeover on any and all
fionts.
NOW, FOR THE FIRST time, the clandes-
Vase operators find themselves under sustained
attack from the "other 'side" of their, own
house. And they have never been so vulnera-
ble.
:The clandestine side produced Watergate
burglars E. Howard Hunt and James McCord.
It was the clandestine side of the agency
thich was misused domestically by the Nixon
atimini=ation. And it was for "clandestine"
purposes that top agency officials lied to the
Congress about its role in the , affairs of the
Chilean government.
:"Now that we're in trouble, the professors
are teyieng to destroy us," complained .one , DESPITE DIFFERENCES among them-
ranking clandestine official recently. "We have selves, the nation's spies?both overt and cov-
always lived under one set of rules and the ert?agree that the agency is in trouble.
overt people have lived under another. If. we
To help analyze the situation and recommend
are forced to live by their rules, it ,will put us
steps to correct it, a group of retired agency
out of t...-ins?vshich is exactly , what they
want to do." ? consulting capacity.
One of them is James Jesus Angleton, covert
operator extraordinaire. Wild Bill Donovan-,
en%
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employes have been called back to work in a
NATIONAL C-UIRDIAN
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AFRICA
AFRICAN STATES PROTEST
KISSINGER APPOINTEE
Foreign ministers of 43 member
states of the Organization of African
Unity meeting in the Ethiopian capital
of Addis Ababa adopted a resolution
last week opposing the nomination of
Nathaniel Davis as U.S. Under- '
secretary of State for African Affairs.
Davis was ambassador to Chile at the
time of the CIA-instigated coup
. against the Popular Unity government
of Salvador Allende. and it is widely
assumed that Davis, as top U.S.
official in Chile, supervised the U.S.
"destabilization" operations there.
The OAU resolution marks a new step
forward for African unity against U.S.
imperialism. The Africans' diplomatic
drive against Davis was launched Jan.
24 by Zaire President Mobutu Sese
Seko at an African-American confer-
ence in the Zaire capital, Kinshasa,
with a pointed criticism of Davis'
"destabilizing" mission.
In another OAU development, the
organization's foreign ministers re-
commended Feb. 17 that member
states should now feel free to
establish diplomatic relations with
Portugal in view of the independence
agreement reached recently with
Angola. The recommendation marks ,
the end of the OAU's diplomatic
boycott of PortugaL
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-Approved
I-louse CIA .Panel
-Salted with Leftists
The ilotie of Representatives has established a
Select Committee on Intelligence to conduct an in-
quiry into the .operations of various -super-secret
U.S.. government agencies, but there. are many who
are concerned that some far-left-and extremely dovish
HUMAN EVENTS
For Releaie 204411 11215 CIA-RDP77M00144R000500140059-1
super-sensitive National Security Agency, the Intel-
ligence and Research Bureau of the State Department
and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. Among other
things, the committee may require, by subpoena or
otherwise, "the production of such books, records,
correspondence, memorandums, papers and docu-
ments as it deems necessary.-
HARRINGTON DELLUMS
lawmakers are sitting on this panel and will have
access to'highly sensitive material.
The committee, for ,instance, is authorized to in-
quire into the activities of the National Security
Council; the U.S. Intelligence Board; the President's
Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board; the Central
Intelligence Agency; the Defense Intelligence Agency;
and the intelligence components of the Departments
of the Army, Navy and the Air Force.
The committee is also authorized to probe the
? Yet the committee is tilled with representatives of
the militant left. Rep. Ronald Dellums
for instance, is one of the ten members. Dellums, as
HUMAN EVENTS has reported in the past, has been a
leading supporter of left-wing revolutionaries, includ-
ing the Black Panthers and pro-Communist outtits
in the United States that have been artfully contriving
to turn over South Vietnam to Hanoi.
When Dellums first ran for Congress in 1970,
he was an open supporter of the Panthers, whose
leaders and publications were then calling for the
assassination of American leaders. Dellums has
been a backer of Communist Angela Davis. When
the Communist-dominated World Conference on
Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia concluded a mo-
day session in Stockholm,Sweden,three years ago,
guess who turned up as a U.S. delegate?
Rep. Michael Harrington (D.-Mass.), another sup-
porter of far-left causes, is also a member of this
extremely sensitive panel. Yet Harrington has been an
open supporter of Communist causes. In December of
last year, Harrington, .for instance, was a' special
guest of the National Emergency Civil Liberties Com-
mittee which honored pro-Hanoi and pro-Communist
radicals, Jane Fonda and Tom Hayden.The commit-
tee, described by the House Committee on Internal
Security . as "communist controlled," 'presented the
"Tom Paine" award to both Fonda and Hayden for
their efforts in trying to cut .olf all.. U.S. military
and economic aid to South Vietnam and Cambodia.
The NECLS is chaired by long-time Soviet apologist
Corliss Lamont, and has as its general counsel Leo-
pard B. Boudirt, a fervent supporter of Communist
and radical causes.
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THE ECONOMIST
1 Mcli 19-75
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Doubtful company
THE REAL SPY WORLD
By Miles Copeland.
Weidenfeld and Nicolson. 351 pages.
?3. 50.
The CIA is in bad odour these days.
Unlike many of his ex-colleagues who
exploit their inside knowledge of "the
Company" ?by fresh and sensational
disclosures, Miles Copeland actually
rallies to its defence. Not in any officially
inspired or romantic spirit; but by lead-
ing us deep into the "special and private ,
world" of intelligence (of which espion-
age proper?or improper?forms only
a part), explaining, assessing and
generally justifying.
Mr Copeland is no ordinary guide.
A former officer of the wartime Office
of Strategic Services, he played an im-
portant part in setting up the CIA,;
became a competent Arabist and one-
time adviser to President Nasser,.
hobnobbed with Philby ("I knew him
as well as anyone did"), and matched
his wits against, and even conceived;
a personal liking for, his Russian
counterparts ("a friend of mine in the
KGB office in Cairo . ."). He has com-
bined a career in intelligence with those
of international business consultant,
jazz musician and author.
For all its picturesque detail and
anecdotes (sometimes doctored so as
not to compromise operations or
techniques still on the secret list) this
is an informative and sobering book.
It tells us much about the origins and
organisation of the CIA, the various
categories of agents used on both sides,
their motives, methods of recruitment
and operation and their career prospects.
Jobs are apparently efe.ier to get with
Soviet intelligence than with the CIA.
For the former "pay is Food and
steady"; probably not more than three
out of ten Soviet agents get caught,
and of those who do, a few get off fairly
lightly, though othera,"die of the measles"
in circumstances "that are so terrifying
as to defy description". The CIA's
agents are mostly citizens of eastern
block countries, many of them in
government or party posts. Most
curious of all is the allegedly large
category of informants who believe
they are working for an industrial body,
crusading newspaper or other organisa-
tion, but are in reality being manipulated
by some intelligence service.
Mr Copeland describes the "alterna-
tive means" for gathering intelligence
which range from minuscule micro-
phones to the sophisticated scrutiny of
scientific journals, official directories
and so on and the brain which collates
this plethora of information?the data
bank. The CIA has become ?the world's
repository of political, sociological, ,
economic, military and scientific data".
"Octopus", the computerised files held
at the CIA's headquarters at Langley,
Virginia, is proving an effective weapon
for detecting terrorists and hijackers,
as well as enemy agents. But Mr Cope-
land predicts that, by the time the
present drive for data is completed,
its tentacles will hold "a file of some
kind on practically every person in the
world who in any way comes to the
official notice of his own government
or of the US Government".
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Approved For Release 2004/11/29 : CIA-RDP77M00144R000500140059-1
-iI1EWPOINT
Boston Herald American?Wednesday, Feb. 26, 1975?Pa
A Warning to Heed
William E. Colby. director of the beleaguered
Central Intelligence Agency, last week gave Con-
gress a grim warning of the damage already done
to national security operations by what he called
"exaggerated" press allegations?and the poten-
tial future damage inherent in pending probes by
publiehy-seeking Washington lawmakers.
L'otti the Senate and the House, heavily do-
minated by the Democratic party, have estab-
? lished Watergate-type select committees soon to
begin alasi-public investigations of the CIA, the
FEI and all other hush-hush government agencies.
With revealing significance, the House committee
has allotted only three of its 10 seats to Republi-
cans.
In rare public testimony before a House Ap-
propriations subcommittee, Colby undertook to
deny charges in The New York Times and
elsewhere that the CIA conducted "massive illegal
domestic intelligence operations." Admitting that
some minor stretching of the CIA charter may
have occurred in pursuing possible foreign links to
American dissidents, Colby nevertheless insisted:
"It was neither massive, illegal nor (funda-
mentally) domestic, as Charged. All our opera-
tions Nvere made at presidential directive and un-
der authority of the National Security Act."
This admittedly real consideration, he went
on, was negligible when compared with the harm
done to national security operations by what he
termed -hysterical" charges against the agency.
Already, he said, CIA relations with in-
telligence froups in allied nations have been
jeopardized, the lives of American spies on
dangerous missions abroad have been imperilled
and CIA morale in general has been lowered
dangerously.
"These last two months have placed American
intelligence in danger," Colby said. "Exaggera-
tion and misrepresentations of CIA activities do
irreparable harm to our intelligence apparatus. If
carried to the extreme, (they) would blindfold our
country as it looks ahead."
What the director clearly suggested was that
the forthcoming select committee probes, with
their built-in danger of private-session leaks, area
dandy way of serving the curiosity of Moscow
spies far more than the interests of the American
people. In a competitive; war-threatened world,
even democracies are obliged to have self-
protective secrets?or else.
Like CIA Director Colby, we view the im-
pending Senate and Hodsc. inquiries with both
resignation and trepidation. Congress has a perfect
right to pursue the planned probes?which,
inci-
dentally, are supposed to go on quietly all the time
as part of its budget control responsibility. It is
the specter of politics vs. security which is so
alarming.
Sometimes?when especially discouraged?it
is possible to view some of the decisions of our
national legislators as not only self-serving but
self-defeating. We fear that the Hippodrome probes
of national security agencies now looming may
well fall into both categories.
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Approved For Release 2004/11/29 : CIA-RDP77M00144R000500140059-1
Liberals Forced Angleton Out
James Angleton, a patriotic public servant has been
forced to resign from the C.I.A. because of mounting
pressure from the liberal news media. I hope that after '
31 yeas of service he should be rewarded in some way.
The Republic needs the CEA now more than ever.
T.P.F.
Belmont
BOSTON HERALD
211 February 1975
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HUMAN EVENTS
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* Philip Agee, the former CIA agent who has :
written a blistering "expose" of the agency, con- i
cedes that he is now a "supporter- of the Castro
revolution.That is putting it mildly. A defector from 1
the Cuban intelligence service. has given secret!
congressional testimony spelling out Agee's links
with the Castro regime.
* In listing hundreds of CIA agents and their
Latin American contacts, Agee has, in effect,
signed their death warrants. Columnist Jack
Anderson reported last week that in Uruguay,
a taxi driver whose name appeared in Agee's book
stopped at a traffic light. Another car pulled
alongside him and an assailant emptied a pistol
at the taxi. Miraculously, the driver escaped injury.
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EDITOR & PUBLISHER
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Fol amendments
The amendments to the 1966 Freedom of Information Act pass-
ed by Congress over President Ford's veto, became effective last
week. Theoretically it requires most federal agencies to honor all
requests for documentation on file excepting those involving na-
tional security.
The FBI has already listed the exceptions it will take (Feb. 22,
page 18) and noted the Fol Act is in conflict with the "Privacy Act I
of 1974. Other government agencies undoubtedly will develop their
own series of objections. It remains to be seen, therefore, how I
effective the new act will be. It also depends upon how aggressive
news media are in applying the Act to obtain information.
In connection with this and related issues of freedom of
information?censorship, gag orders, shield laws, and a host of
others?we want to put in a plug for the Reporters Committee for
Freedom of the Press in Washington D.C. Its "Press Censorship
Newsletter" is a compendium of up to date reports on cases in
these areas. Volume VI just released contains 77 pages of 316
indexed summaries. The committee also provides legal advice and
has arranged legal representation in some cases on a pro-bono
publico basis by law firms. The committee needs financial support
from the newspaper business to continue and merits it, in our
opinion.
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_WOODL
Approved For Keiease
THE LION'S ROAR
WhAkiiiik8b8ghiiiillis9iip ? )
THE CIA - HAS IT GONE TOO FAR?
Recent criticism of the Central Intel-
ligence Agancy (CIA) has led to the ap-
pointment of a Presidential and a Senate
committee to investigate allegations of
wrong-doing by the CIA.
The CIA was alleged to have illegally
investigated the affairs of American
citizens during the Vietnam war. The.
investigations were alleged to be illegal
because the CIA's charter specifies that
it is limited to intelligence gathering
operations outside the U.S. The CIA main-
tained surveilance and kept files on many
U.S. citizens instead of leaving it up to
the FBI. They tapped phones and opened
letters illegally because the CIA had
tried to find out whether or not there
was any connection between the domestic
anti-war protest movement and foreign
intelligence operations.
This is where the allegations are
debatable. The question is, even though
these activities took place in the U.S.
were they partly influenced by foreign
intelligence operations in the country?
And were the civil tights of U.S.citizens
violated without adequate justification?
These are the things the committee was
supposed to determine. But it would be
wise to withhold judgement on the CIA's
behavior until the reports of these com-
mittees have been completed and carefully
examined.
Peter Cromwell
5th grade
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UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON DAILY ( SEATTLE )
31 JAN 1975
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Has CIA infiltrated office
of women voters' league?
A former secretary for the
Overseas Education Fund
(OEF) of the League of Women
Voters in Washington, D.C.
claims the C.I.A. has infiltrated
the OEF for the purpose of
. "neutralizing" the women's
' movement.
Another critic of the CIA, ex-
agent Victor Marchetti, will
speak today (admission free) in
the HUB Ballroom at 2 p.m. on
further CIA activities in his only
Seattle speaking engagement.
"I believed the function of the
OEF to be to sponsor programs
for self-help to assist women in
Latin America and in Asia,"
said Ann Roberts, a Seattle
woman who began working for
the OEF last July.
"During the course of my
employment at OEF and from
what I have learned subsequent-
ly," she said, "it became clear
to me that the CIA provided
funds which, under the auspices
of the OEF, went to people to
conduct investigations of femi-
nist organizations in Latin Amer-
ica and Asia.
. "A scheme was set up
whereby an individual, traveling
abroad for the OEF, was asked
to collect information about the
size, strength, politics and fu-
ture directions of women's or-
ganizations and groups abroad.
"That person would then turn
the information over to a CIA
operative abroad."
It is now clear, Roberts said,'
ithat the CIA considers the fem-
inist movement, to be a force to
be investigated, infiltrated and
1; controlled.
/"The CIA desires to keep a i
close watch on the women's
movement and neutralize it as it I
approaches its goal of achieving
,social change," she said.
i "I have made these CIA prac-
tices known because I resent
having the women's movement
used in this way and because the
policies and actions of the CIA
are abhorrent not only to me,
but to concerned people in this
country and throughout the
world.
"It is perhaps a sign of the
strength of the women's move-
ment that the CIA considers it a
force to be infiltrated and spied
upon.
"But it is now incumbent upon
those in positions of responsi-
bility within domestic feminist
groups to scrutinize closely their
government funding, to analyze
possible ways the CIA may have
infiltrated their organizations
and to come forward immedi-
ately to expose any and all CIA
involvement in their organiza-
tion."
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THE TIMES (LONDON)
25 FEB 1975
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Why the CIA will tell t e truth,
the whit le trk th an not ut the
trut to keep its secrets
It is usually dangerous to make
early predictions about the out-
eome of governmental investiga-
=ions, especially when their sub-
ject has been cloaked in secrecy
then further obscured by
masses of published misinfor-
-nation, but the current witch- .
mint against the Central Intel- ?
ligence Agency may, prove an
exception.
Already, Washington's in-
;iders think they see how it
-viii come out. It seems to be
Jointing to a surprise ending
ike those of Agatha Chnsue's
murder mysteries. The chief
-iuspects may turn out to have
neen accomplices of the detec-
ives and the characters who
-vere such honest chaps in early
Darts of the books are turning
out to have been the villains.
Here, in an only slightly over-
:implified summary, is the
emerging scenario :
? Having no member who is
a " champion of civil liberties",
he President's " blue ribbon
:ommission" will be unable to
erovide findings acceptable to
lie Congressmen and crusading
ournalists who are attacking
he CIA?although. for what It .
worth, the findings will be :
,icceptable to tile large majority
if American people. As those .
-f us who have recently toured 1
he country promoting hot:110,i
bout the CIA leareed, the.in-
-erest of America's . "silent
najority " in this subject is one
f curiosity rather than worry
?and, anyway, there is little
?
=earning for a "champion of
zivil liberties" in a' country
where the likes of Daniel Ells-
;erg, Victor Marchetti and
thitip Agee can win fame and
ortune by exposing the secrets
if the very agency against
which the championing is to be
lone.
In any case, how the great
emerican public feels about the
-2,LA is at the moment of little .
oncern to those who are out to
-get" it. So is the fact that :
ri Britain or any other country
et the world those who expose
lie secrets of the nation's in-
1ligence organization wind up
iehind bars.
^ Because the blue ribbon
ommission has on it no " cham-
ion of civil liberties" and is
-omposed exclusively of senior
itizens whose discretion and
etegrity is above question.
egency members and alumni
nh tell it the truth, the whole
euth, and nothing but the
truth. " We're going to give
them the truth about every-
thing ", an old colleague told
me, even about matters they
won't know to bring up. By the
time we're through with them
they will have had the most
thorough cram course on the
CIA anyone has ever had?on
what the Agency is supposed to
do, what the dangers are of our
not doing it, and what we are ;
doing, good, had and indiffer-
ent."
There will he no "withhold-
ing of information", the whole
point of the exercise being to
?give commission members total
confidence in their findings..
When the blue ribbon hearings .
are over, the CIA will have as
allies a group of men with tre-
mendous prestige and power,
representing a cross section of
American society and having
such a depth of understanding'
of the Agency's affairs and
problems that they can relieve:
CIA witnesses of the burden of
deciding, for themselves, what
should and what should not be
revealed to later investigating
committees. .
O Thus, when it comes time
to face the congressional com-
mittees, Agency members will
unhesitatingly "withhold in-
formation "?or even lie out-
rightly?when, with the backing
of their new allies, they feel it
is in the public interest that
they do so. "Suppose", an
Agency member said to me, "I
am asked by someone on Sena-
tor Church's committee if it is
true that such-and-such an Arab
leader is secretly cooperating
with us to bring about an Arab-
Israeli peace, should I tell him
the truth? If I say 'Yes' or
'Sorry, but that's secret infor-
mafion there'll be newspaper
headlines the next day which
will end the cooperation, de-
stroy the poor Arab, and teach
other Arab leaders the unwis-
dereof cooperating with
Americans. So if I'm asked a
yece.tion like that I'll lie in my
teeth. and consider I'm doing
'my patriotic duty."
O Even with the CIA's wit-
nesses "withholding informa-'
don", Congressional investiga-
tors will get enough informa-
tion on dangers to the nation
to make them wonder if th-eylve
not been fretting over the
wrong questions. They will he
briefed on the increased techni-
cal capabilities of terrorist;
groups, "sleepers" - in our
transportation systems, public
utilities and ports who could
paralyse the nation's military
capabilities in the event of any
showdown with Russia, and on,
other means by which the
opposition" hopes to achieve
the Leninist goal: " Do not
attack. until you have removed
the enemy's capacity for
counter-attack."
Agency briefers. whose re-
cords establish them as cold-
blooded analysts, rather than
fanatical cold warriors, will also
convey to the Congressmen an
understanding of another
point: the " Leninoid demono-
logy" requires "a CIA ". If
one didn't exist, it would have
to be created. By coincidence
or design, the pattern of attacks
on the CIA is exactly what it
would be were it the result of
a master scheme. In these days
of "upside down NIcCar?
thyism" one dares not say such
things publicly tier fear of h?y-
hug called a " fanatical cold
warrior ", and the Congressmen
to 'whom I suggested that the
Agency might just possibly he
right On this point ipstantly re?
plied that it was ".-hysterical-
nonsense ".
My Agency f:iends assure
me, though, that even the most
sceptical CongresSmen will
change their tune in the course
of the briefings.
9 In any case, ?eith respect
to what the. Agency has done,
abroad or domestically, tins
realization is going to strike the
Congressional 'investigators:
all of it would have had the full
approval- of any Congressional
" watchdog" committee which
might conceivably have existed.
There would have been hut one
difference: instead of the
CIA's being all alone in its
current troubles it would have
had the company of the Con-
gressmen on the committee.
Such ? a realization is bound
to der:open the Congressmen's
enthusiasm for abandoning
secrecy laws and relaxing the
security screenings of civil
servants haying access to
official secrets. Once -he learns
what sort of activities he Mal'
Congressnlaci in his right mind
would serve on a Watchdog .
committee unless he is assured
that the secret's which will.
inevitably come his way have
complete security protection?
even if this means surveillances
sometimes borckr on " spying".
Moreover. as Tee result of the i.
briefings they will get, the
Congressional investigators will ,
recognie . community sur?
veillance-ll as on ine,;canahio
need, and they will regard the
criestion of :whether or not the
CIA should, have any, part in it
as constructionist and trifling.
Their distaste for it, however,
may cause them to insist that it
be entirely in the hands of an
agency with - these qualifica-
-tions:. ability to - operate
efficiently and inconspicuously,?
lack Of police rewcrs or other.
powers which might cause it to
develop into a Gestapo, and - -
means of storing information
so securely that it cannot be
leaked to .outsiders who might:
misuse it. An American " MI5"-
-in other words. "Unfor-
tunately ", an old Agency man:
told the blue ribbon cotn-
mission, " the CIA fills the bill,
better than the FBI",
So what. when we get right
down to it. has the fuss been
all about ? -My friends in
Langley are convinced that this ?
is the real te estion. Agency'
officials concede that the New
York Times' Se:.:reour Hersh is
motivated by nothing more'
sinister than y. ciire to get
ahead of his 11-ceeengton- Post
rivals and win ? himself ? a
Pulitzer Prize, but they think
he and others mite have been
caught. up
I.be" master
scheme" they will
the blue ribbon commission and
the Coneressional committees
about. This is at least. a- possi-
bility worth
cru'ickreinrg:
Miles Copeland
ie
The author's
17?r
The Real Spy World-. is pub.
Vs/zed this week .
1k,ijoweidenteld ?
and Nicolson, E3:5?:
.1 Times Newspaeers Ltd, 1975
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THE GUARDIAN (MANCHESTER)
21 FEB 1975
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Colby hits back at
CIA's detractors
From our own Correspondent, Washington, Feb. 24
Mr William Colby, ' the
director of Central Intelligence,
today roundly attacked the
" hysteria " and the " exaggera-
tion and misrepresentation"
it Inch, lie claimed, surrounded
recent reporting of the CIA. He
said stioh reporting could do
irreparable damage " to vital
Anierican in work.
In particular, Mr Colby told
Comiressional subcommitIce.
unjustified attacks on the CIA
could "blimtfold our country."
His agency had overstepped its
bounds from time to time, but
the reaction .to these incidents
thA were -" few and far bet-
ween," was placing the agency
in _serious danger.
The CIA director's denuncia-
tion of the press, some
members of Congress, and some
former members of the Nixon
Administration, came less than
a day after the House of .Repre-
sentatives had voted to create
a special committee ? similar
to the Church committee in the
Senate ? to investivate? the
entire US- intelligence com-
munity.
There is a passibility the two
hod i es will combine, thereby
.forming an extremely powerful
joint select committee. .The
distinct chance that an exa-
mination of the CIA by such
a body could harm the opera-
tions of the agency must .have
been in Mr Colby's mind when
he spoke out so sharply this
afternoon.
His attacks were specific as
well as general. He attacked the
New York Times reporter who
wrote the December 22 article
alleging " massive illegal
domestic intelligence opera-
tions" by the CFA. Mr Colby
said this writer was guilty of
" mixing and magnifying" both
those legal activities of the
CIA and those "few activities
that may have been illegal"
into a "highly exaggerated"
report.
Mr Colby also came down
hard on Mr Charles Colson, the ,
felon-turned-zealot of the Nixon
team. who has accused the CIA
of all manner ?if criminal activi-
ties.
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?
Donald Morns /a. analysis
File flap misses mark
If there is a concept com-
mon to all threads of the cur-
rent uproar over intelligence
agencies, it is the subject of
"files."
The FBI is charged with
maintaining files on con-
grsssmen, the CIA with open-
ing files on "10,000" Ameri-
can citizens, the Houston po-
lice with "criminal in-
telligence" files, the military
services with "secret code
numbers" in otherwise un-
classified files, credit bureaus
and educational institutions
with collecting unevaluated
material. The very idea of a
file on us, unbeknownst to us
or holding material we are
unaware of, disquiets us to
the point of frenzy.
But there are two quite dis-
crete principles involved and,
as is all too often the case,
we are venting our ire on the
wrong one. The first principle
is the mere existence of files,
for any purpose, and contain-
ing any material, and the sec-
ond is the misuse of what a
file contains.
File information can be
misused (although not as eas-
ily as most people think), and
no safeguard against such
misuse can be too strong. But
simply jumping to the con-
clusion that the best safeguard
against misuse is to abolish
files is like saying the best
way to stop traffic deaths is
to abolish automobiles.
No enterprise, private or
public, can budge? without
personnel files. All projects
I nvolve people, and and
people must be selected,
trained, assigned, transferred,
evaluated, promoted, licens-
ed, paid, issued or barred
from credit, bought from,
sold to and discharged ? and
(human nature being what it
is) investigated for actual and
even potential wrong-doing.
Every last one of these func-
tions is for the benefit of
society as a whole, and in al-
most all cases for the benefit
of the individual as well. And
not a one of thsm can. be
started without a personnel
file.
America, which has devel-
oped organizational tech-
niques beyond any other
country, is rather good at
such management.
We are perhaps the only
country with a literature on
such esoteric subjects as "In-
form atie n Retrieval",
"Records Management" and
the like, and most of our
large institutions, public and
private, have branches con-
cerned only with records
management, without any
concern for what they con-
tain. And I have worked with
governments where a docu-
ment is apt to vanish from
the face of the earth the in-
stant it leaves ths typewriter,
to be located again (if at all)
only by a painful and prot-
racted hunt down the line for
the person who saw it last.
These files, by their nature,
will contain what is usually
referred to as "derogatory"
information, and the functions
they support cannot possibly
be carried on without it. Any
evaluation for the approval of
responsibility ? the issuance
of a license, granting of cred-
it, selecting for a position ?
is only as good as the file it
is based on.
We may not like it if a his-
tory of mild diabetes or heart
trouble bars us from a pilot's
license, if a few months as a
"slow pay" prevents us from
securing a charge plate, or
drinking habits lose us a job
we want. We would like it a
lot less if these functions ?
from which we all benefit ?
were not carried out.
Files, no matter how neces-
sary, are a nuisance to main-
tain, and those that do make
decided efforts to eliminate
"garbage" ? which is any
material not relevant to the
purpose for which the file
was established.
Those concerned with files
rontaining derogatory materi-
al also take stringent steps to
prevent their misuse, for ob-
vious reasons. The existence
of such files implies the possi-
bility of misuse, but this does
not equate automatically with
the likelihood of misuse and,
in fact, in all the present
broughaha there has not been
the slightest evidence of mis-
use by anyone ? simply, the
charges that files were
opened and maintained.
The investigative process,
uncomfortable as it makes us,
is a necessity in all manner
of aspects of the national life.
Our concern should be fo-
cused on the misuse of file in-
formation, not on their mere
existence.
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CHICAGO TRIBUNE
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Committee takes
the vow of silence
WELL, NOW the circle is complete.
The House has created a select com-
mittee to investigate whether the. Cen-
tral Intelligente Agency and the Federal
Bureau of Investigation violated individ-
ual rights thru alleged domestic spying.
The action rounds out the efforts of a
. similar Senate committee and a special
White House commission chaired bY
Vice President Nelson Rockefeller. ?
; Verily. This is lir year to investigate
the investigators. , ? -
Let us hope, tho, that these sensitive
areas are plumbed with good' judgmente
*, and proper regard for national securitY,
. however in disrepute that term may
haye fallen during the Nixon Watergate
years.
For it con tinues to have con-
siderable impact on the well-being of the
: United-States in trucial times.
AND THAT is why it is encouraging
to learn the House Select Committee to
'be headed by Rep. Lucien Nedzi ED.,
:Mich.] has pledged not to compromise
or jeopardize the secrecy of matters
, vital to the safety of the country.
Specifically, committee member s
have imposed a vow on themselves not
to divulge national security data about
intelligence gathering. ?
They have also promised that no
committee or staff members will be
permitted to enrich themselves by writ-
ing articles or making speeches for
profit, nor shall they disclose Specific
information about specific individuals.
That rule alone should help prevent
a repeat performance of the three-ring
circus staged last year by tile Senate
Watergate and House Judiciary Com-
mittees when a combination of leaked
information and the lecture circuit too
often turned a serious business- into a
tragically irresponsible charade.
The main thing is to get these federal
agencies back where they belong, out
of politics, and restore public confidence
in them. If there have been improper
uses of the CIA and FBI, let them be
bared and actions taken to correct them.
But let the committees of the Con-
gress and the Vice President conduct
their inquiries with common sense and
the degree of restraint necessary to
safeguard the operations of the agencies
under fire.
Just condir the inquiries in a profes-
sional manner and keep the rhetoric
and partisan pot shots to a minimum.
That is why it is also heartening to
ear that the House Select Committee
intends to explore the possibility of
palitical manipulation of federal agen-
cies in previous administrations, too.
There is a responsibility for commit-
tee members to play it square. Obvi-
ously,. they recognize it,
This is, after all, an investigation for
the people of the United States, not one
for partisan advantage. -Nor, for that
matter, is it one designed to cripple
the, agencies.
During the course of the hearings,
there will be much sensitive material
produced for the committees, both do-'
mestic and international in scope.
There will be the possibility of placing
lives or covert operations in jeopardy.
The potential for harm to the nation's
cause will be great if there are leaks.
For spying is a dangerous game, an
often lethal one. It is one thing to read
a spy novel. - It is another to be in-
volved in the craft. And as distasteful
as the profession may be to many civil
libertarians, it -is vital in maintaining
United States security.
. If some have been overzealous, then !
let that be learned. If there has been
political interference or misuse of the
agencies, let that also be bared.
However, let not the missions of dedi-
cated men, risking their lives for their
country in the pursuit of intelligence
. information here and abroad, be -com-
promised by grandstand plays.
THE CIA, since its creation after
World War II, has never been seriously
surveyed by Congress'. No one knows
exactly what it spends or how or why.
A searching, responsible look is in
order. The same goes for any of the
investigative agencies that. should al-
ways be accountable to Capitol Hill as
representative of the American people.
None is inviolate.
The House and Senate Committees.
along With the Rockefeller commission,
can make a substantial contribution to
the country thru their investigations.. '
The agencies are important 'to the
national security. Their roles must be
These need not be' adversary proceed- unencumbered by political interference.
ings. There will be men of good con- That is why they must be restored to ,
-sciencv,and goodirtetiveLori both sides an eve-to-eye level with the public?and 1
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