DDCI'S TALK TO DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE SCHOOL ADVANCED INTELLIGENCE COURSE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80M01066A001400310002-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 23
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 16, 2005
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: September 18, 1967
• Content Type: SPEECH

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DDCI'S TALK TO DEFENSE INTELLIGENCE SCHOOL
ADVANCED INTELLIGENCE COURSE
1~ SEPTEMBER 1967
THE INVITATION TO SPEAK TO THE ADVANCED INTEL-
LIGENCE ~.OURSE SPECIFIED THAT I SHOULD DISCUSS THE
FUNCTIONS, ORGANIZATION AND OPERATIONS OF THE CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE AGENCY. WITH PARTICULAR EMPHASIS ON ITS
RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE REST OF THE INTELLIGENCE COM-
MUNITY IN SUPPORT OF OUR NATIONAL SECURITY
I UNDERSTAND THAT LAST FRIDAY YOU HEARD TALKS ON
THE COORDINATION OF INTELLIGENCE PROGRAMS, THE FUNC-
TIONING OF THE= INTELLIGENCE (,OMMUNITY TFIROUGH THE
U,S, INTELLTGENCE BOARD AND THE USIB COMMITTEES, AND
THE WORK OF THE PRESIDENT'S FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE AD-
VISORY BOARD I'IITH YOUR PRIOR. EXPOSURE TO THESE
SUBJECTS IN MIND, I WILL TRY TO BUILD ON--RATHER
THAN REPEAT--WHAT YOU HAVE ALREADY HEARD. SO AS TO
GIVE THE GROUP AN OVERALL UNDER:~TANDING OF THE CIA,
AND ITS ROLE WIT!-IIN THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AND
THE GOVERNMENT AS A WHOLE.
CIA IS NOW .ABOUT 2O YEARS OLDS I WA5 ASSOCIATED
4~IITH THE AGENCY DURING ITS INFANCY, AND I HAVE WATCHED
ITS EVOLUTIOfJ, AS WELL AS CHANGES IN OTHER PARTS OF THE
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY THE INTELLIGENCE CAPABILITIES
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OF THE U,S, GOVERNMENT. IPJ MY JUDGMENT. NOW STAND AT
AN ALL-TIME HIGH WHILE WE DO NOT HAVE AS MUCH IN-
FORMATION ON CERTAIN VITAL SUBJECTS AS WE WOULD LIKE
IN ORDER TO SUPPORT THE PRESIDENT. OUR NATIONAL POLIGY-
MAKERS AND PLANNERS, WE ARE BY NO MEANS BADLY OFFS
THE CIA WAS CREATED BY THE NATIONAL SECURITY ACT
CF ~q4~, WHICH GAVE THE CIA FIVE FUNCTIOPJS~ HEPE I
WOULD LIKE TO CIUOTE TO YOU THE PERTINENT SECTIONS OF
THE LAW;
"FOR THE PURPOSE OF COORDINATING THE INTELLIGENCE
ACTIVITIES OF THE SEVERAL GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS
AND AGENCIES IN THE INTEREST OF NATIONAL SECURITY,
IT SHALL BE THE DUTY OF THE AGENCY, UNDER THE DIREC-
TION OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL--
"(1) TO ADVISE THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL IN
"~1ATTERS CONCERNING SUCH INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES OF
THE GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES AS RELATE
TO NATIONAL SECURITY;
"(2) TO MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS TO THE NATIONAL
SECURITY COUNCIL FOR THE COORDINATION OF SUCH INTELLI-
vENCE ACTIVITIES OF THE DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES OF THE
GOVERNMENT AS RELATE TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY:
"(3) TO CORRELATE AND EVALUATE INTELLIGENCE
RELATING TO THE NATIONAL SECURITY. AND PROVIDE FOR THE
APPROPRIATE DISSEMINATION OF SUCH INTELLIGENCE WITHIN
THE GOVERNMENT USING WHERE APPROPRIATE EXISTING
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AGENCIES AND FACILITIES; PROVIDED. THAT THE AGENCY
SHALL HAVE NO POLICE. SUBPOENA, LAW-ENFORCEMENT POWERS,
OR INTERNAL-SECURITY FUNCTIONS; PROVIDED FURTHER. THAT
THE DEPARTMENTS AND OTHER AGENCIES OF THE GOVERNMENT
SHALL CONTINUE TO COLLECT, EVALUATE. CORRELATE, AND
DISSEMINATE DEPARTMENTAL INTELLIGENCE; AND PROVIDED
=URTHER, THAT THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
SHALL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR PROTECTING INTELLIGENCE
SOURCES AND METHODS FROM UNAUTHORIZED DISCLOSURE:
"~1-I) TO PERFORM. FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE EXIST-
ING INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES. SUCH ADDITIONAL SERVICES
OF COMMON CONCERN AS THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL
DETERMINES CAN BE MORE EFFICIENTLY ACCOMPLISHED CEN-
TRALLY;
"(S) TO PERFORM SUCK OTHER FUNCTIONS AND DUTIES
RELATED TO INTELLIGENCE AFFECTING THE NATIONAL SECURITY
AS THE NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL MAY FROM TIME TO TIME
DIRECT"
AS I AM SURE YOU RECOGNIZE. THESE STATUTORY AU-
THORITIES--LIKE MANY PUBLIC LAWS--ARE SET FORTH IN
\`ERY BROAD TERMS, HOWEVER, FURTHER DEFINITION AND
REFINEMENT WAS PROVIDED FOR BY THE CONGRESS IN THE
STATUTORY PROVISION THAT CIA MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS
TO THE NSC FOR THE COORDINATION OF INTELLIGENCE AC-
TIVITIES RELATED TO NATIONAL. SECURITY, THESE RECOM-
+~EPJDATIONS HAVE RESULTED IN THE SERIES OF CLASSIFIED
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PAPERS, APPROVED BY THE PRESIDENT. CALLED ~~ATIONAL
SECURITY COUNCIL INTELLIGENCE DIRECTIVES THE
NSCIDs ESTABLISH THE FRAMEWORK WITHIN WHICH THE
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY AND USIB FUNCTION. AND THEY
SET OUT CERTAIN ASSIGNMENTS OF RESPONSIBILITY AMONG
THE VARIOUS INTELLIGENCE AGENCIES,
THE FIRST ONE, NSCID #1. ALSO PROVIDES FOR STILL
FURTHER DELINEATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES THROUGH THE
ISSUANCE OF ~~I LECTOR OF CENTRAL I tJTELLI GFPJCE DI REC-
TIVES, WHICH NOW TOTAL SOME 3O-PLUSH I COULD NOT BE-
GIN TO ACCIUAINT YOU WITH ALL THE DETAILS COVERED BY
THE NSCIDS AND DCIDS, BUT THE IMPORTANT POINT IS
THAT THEY REPRESENT A P1EANS FOR CI 11 AND TIDE REST OF
THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY TO UPDATE AND ADJUST TO THE
CHANGING CIRCUMSTANCES, NEEDS AND CHALLENGES FACING
II~S~ iNTELLI(~CNCE,
AS JUST ONE EXAMPLE, DCID 2/7, WHICH SET UP THE
IJSIB COMMITTEE ON OVERHEAD RECONNAISSANCE, oR COMOR,
WAS REPLACED THIS PAST JULY FIRST BY DCI~ 1/14, THIS
DIRECTIVE BROUGHT INTO OPERATION A NEW COMMITTEE ON
IMAGERY REQUIREMENTS AND EXPLOITATION, WHICH TOOK OVER
MOST OF CCP~OR~S FUNCTIONS AND MOVED INTO THE VITAL AND
I NCk:F.~S I Nc,L.Y Cc~h1PLFX FIELD OF REQUI REMENTS FOR I MAGERY
INTERPRETATION, MY POINT IS THAT WE ARE NOT STANDING
STILL IN THE FACE OF NEW PROBLEMS AND CHALLENGES
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AGAINST THIS GENERAL BACKGROUND AND WHAT YOU
HAVE FiEARD AL~OUT T!iE I NTELLI GENCF ~.OMMUNI TY AND
THE USIB, I WOULD NOo~t LIKE TO DESCRIBE CIA~S FUPIC-
TIONS AND OPERATIONS
THE PRIMARY FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY CIA FALL
INTO THESE BROAD CATEGORIES;
COLLECTION OF INTELLIGENCE;
COVERT ACTION OPERATIONS; AND
~!:ODUCTI ON OF I NTELLI GENCE
r~E FIND IT CO~JVENIENT TO FURTHER DIVIDE CIA~S
INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION ACTIVITIES IN THREE MAIN
GROUPINGS WHICH REFLECT DIFFERENT MEANS OF ACQUISI-
TION THE FIRST IS QVER_T._~QLLEC_TI.ON WHICH, AS THE
"JANE SUGGESTS. COVERS INFORMATION SECURED BY OPEN OR
NON-CLANDESTINE MEANS, OVERT COLLECTION INCLUDES
THE MONITORING OF FOREIGN RADIOS, SUCf-I AS RADIO
;MOSCOW AND THE VOICE OF THE ARABS IN CAIRO THIS
IS DONE BY THE FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE,
WHICH HAS MONITORING POSTS
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AS YOU ALL-KNOW, CIA ALSO CONDUCTS COVERT
IN:TIa.LLIC~ENGC__.~QLI.EGT[4N, TCIE~C= Of E=RATIOFJ~ IP1~L'.IDE
AGENT PENETRATIONS, SURREPTITIOUS ACQUISITION OF
DOCUMENTS, AND THE USE OF AUDIO DEVICES OR "BUGS "
COVERT COLLECTION CAN ALSO BE DISTINGUISHED BY PUR-
POSE, IN CIA. WE USE THE TERM ErSPION~~ TO REFER
TO THE COLLECTION OF POSITIVE INTELLIGENCE. AND THE
TERM ~OUNTER~NTELLIGENCE WHEN WE SEEK TO FRUSTRATE
jOSTiLE INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION AGAINST THE U,S~ OR
OUR ALLIES, OR TO PROTECT OUR COLLECTION OPERATIONS
FROM BEING COUNTERED OR ROLLED UP BY THE ENEMY
A THIRD TYPE OF INTELLIGENCE GATHERING IS TECHNI-
CAL COLLECTION, WHICH GENERALLY INCLUDES THE USE OF
SENSOR DEVICES, CIA SUPPLEMENTS THE COLLECTION OF
SIGNALS INTELLIGENCE OF THE SERVICE CRYPTOLOGIC
AGENCIES 1N CERTAIN CASES WHERE THEY ARE NOT ABLE
TO OPERATE, CIA ALSO PARTICIPATES IN THE NATIONAL
PROGRA~1 OF COLLECTING PHOTOGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE BY
AIRCRAFT AND SATELLITES
THE NEXT PRIMARY MISSION OF CIA IS COVERT CTION,
WHICH CONSISTS OF OPERATIONS AND ACTIVITIES UNDER-
TAKEN I"d SUPPORT OF U,S, POLICY OBJECTIVES. BUT IN
~~HICN THE SPONSORSHIP OF THE U,S~ l7OVERNMENT IS
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HIDDEN I N THE ~~COLD WAR , ~~ WHICH HAS EXISTED LONGER
THAN THERE HAS BEEN A CIA, WE FACE AN ENEMY ADEPT
AT CONSPIRACY AND SUBVERSION, WITH WORLDWIDE CLAN-
DESTINE ASSETS. SKILLED AGENTS, AND NO COMPU~dCTiON
ABOUT UNDERMINING OR OVERTHROWING ANY GOVERNMENT WHICH
RESISTS THE SPREAD OF COMMUNISM
THERE ARE OCCASIONS WHEN IT IS IMPORTANT FOR
THE UNITED STATES TO COUNTER THESE COMMUNIST EFFORTS
BY COVERT ACTION OPERATIONS THIS IS NOT NECESSARILY
BECAUSE THE UNITED STATES WOULD BE ASHAMED OF EITHER
THE OBJECTIVES OR THE METHODS IT IS PRIMAPIL`,' BECAUSE.
IT SOMETIMES TAKES CLANDESTINE METHODS TO BEAT CLAN-
DESTINE METHODS--JUST AS A KILLER SUBMARINE IS OPdE
OF THE BEST WEAPONS TO USE AGAINST ANOTHER SUBMARINE
THIS IS THE SHADOWY. TWILIGHT ZONE OF GOVERNMENT
OPERATIONS THAT CONGRESS HAD IN MIND WHEN IT DIRECTED
CIA TO PERFORM ~~SUCH OTHER SERVICES~~ AS THE NATIONAL
SECURITY COUNCIL MIGHT DIRECT,
OUR CRITICS WOULD HAVE YOU BELIEVE THAT EVER
SINCE CONGRESS GAVE THIS AUTHORITY IN 1947, CIA HAS
DONE AS IT PLEASED. WITHOUT REGARD TO OFFICIAL POLI-
LIES OR OBJECTIVES OF THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT,
AND SOMETIMES IN DIAMETRIC OPPOSITION TO THOSE POLI-
CIES~
~~'~HENEVER THE CIA CARRIES OUT A COVERT ACTION
OPERATIONS OVERSEAS, IT IS WITtI THE PRIOR APPROVAL
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OF A SPECIAL COMMITTEE OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY
COUNCIL THIS COMMITTEE IS CHAIRED BY THE PRESI-
DENT S SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR NATIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS,
REPRESENTING THE PRESIDENT. ICE MEETS ONCE A WEEK--
OR MORE OFTEN IF NECESSARY--WITH THE DIRECTOR OF
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AND REPRESENTATIVES OF THE
SECRETARIES OF STATE AND DEFENSE--NORMALLY THE DEP-
UTY SECRETARY OF DEFENSE AND THE DEPUTY BINDER SECRE-
TARY OF STATE FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS
EACH COVERT ACTION OPERATION WHICH THE AGENCY
IS GOING TO CONDUCT OVERSEAS, WHETHER IT IS POLITICAL.
PSYCHOLOGICAL. ECONOMIC. OR EVEN PARAMILITARY. IS
PRESENTED TO THIS COMMITTEE, IT EITHER WINS THE
UNANIMOUS APPROVAL OF THE COMMITTEE. OR IT DOES NOT
TAKE PLACE
WHEN SUCH COVERT OPERATIONS ARE APPROVED IN
ADVANCE BY REPRESENTATIVES OF THE PRESIDENT, THE
SECRETARY OF STATE. AND TIDE SECRET"ARY OF DEFENSE,
IT IS OBVIOUS THAT THESE OPERATIONS ARE NOT GOING
TO BE CONTRARY TO--OR OUTSIDE OF--THE GUIDELINES
ESTABLISHED BY UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT POLICY,
THE THIRD PRIMARY MISSION OF CIA IS TO PRODUCE
NATIONAL INTELL~GENC~. AND TO PROVIDE FOR ITS DIS-
SEMINATION AN EARLIER SPEAKER HAS DISCUSSED
WITH YOU THE PREPARATION OF THE NATIONAL INTELLI-
GENCE ESTIMATES, OR HIES, BUT I WOULD LIKE TO ADD
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SEVERAL POINTS ON THE SUBJECT,
THESE ESTIMATES ARE GENERALLY DRAFTED BY THE
OFFICE OF PJATIONAL ESTIMATES WHICH IS A PART OF CI/I,
BUT THEY ARE NATION~,j= INTELLIGENCE ESTIMATES, THEY
MUST. THEREFORE. REFLECT THE CONSIDERED JUDGMENT OF
THE ENTIRE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY Tf~IS IS ENSURED
THROUGH THE PARTICIPATION OF ALL APPROPRIATE ELEMENTS
OF THE COMMUNITY, THROUGH THE CONTRIBUTION OF FACTS
AND JUDGMENTS. IN THE REVISING OF THE PAPERS IN DRAFT,
AND BY THE USIB REVIEW OF THE FINAL PRODUCT, THE
OBJECTIVE OF EACH ESTIf~1ATE IS A CAREFUL AND THOUGHT-
FUL SET OF JUDGMENTS WHICH WILL BE OF THE GREATEST
POSSIBLE ASSISTANCE TO THE POLICY MAKER,
I WANT TO STRESS THAT THE MEN ENGAGED IN ARRIV-
ING AT AN ESTIMATE ARE V~OT STRIVING FOR UNANIMITY,
IT WOULD BE POSSIBLE TO ACHIEVE UNANIMITY BY OVER-
RIDING THE DISSENTING MINORITY, OR BY WATERING DOWN
THE ESTIMATE TO THE LEAST COMMON DENOMINATOR OF A
NARRONJ AREA OF COMPLETE AGREEMENT BY THE ENTIRE
INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY SUCH UNANIMITY, HOWEVER.
WOULD BE A DISSERVICE TO TFIE POLICY MAKER AND THE
PLANNER
WHAT ~ ASKED IS THAT THE DISSENTS ARE BASED
ON HONEST DIFFERENCES OF OPINION OVER HOW THE AVAIL-
ABLE FACTS ARE TO BE EVALUATED AND INTERPRETED--
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NOT ON PERSONAL CONVICTIONS. HUNCHES. OR PAROCHIAL
INTERESTS, WI~fHIN THIS FRAME OF REFERENCE. IT IS
POLICY TO ENCOURAGE WELL-FOUNDED DISSENTS,
THE BOARD OF NATIONAL ESTIMATES DESERVES SPE-
CIAL MENTION,
.CIS ESTABLI SHED
BY GENERAL SMITH WHEN HE WAS DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE IN 1950, IT IS A BODY OF SENIOR,
KNOWLEDGEABLE MEN OF VARIED EXPERIENCE. WHO HAVE
NO OTHER DUTY THAN TO STUDY AND SEEK ANSWERS TO
THE FUNDAMENTAL QUESTIONS OF NATIONAL SECURITY,
THEI~OARL~ IS COMf't)SED OF ABOUT FI FTEf:N MEN WITH
EXTENSIVE BACKGROUNDS IN THE MILITARY, DIPLOMATIC.
LEGAL> ACADEMIC, AND INTELLIGENCE PROFESSIONS,
THEIR SOLE FUNCTION IS TO HEAR AND CONSIDER EVI-
DENCE AND ARGUMENT FROM THE ENTIRE INTELLIGENCE
COMMUNITY, THESE JUDGMENTS ARE THEN PRESENTED TO
THE DIRECTOR AND TO USIB, AND NORMALLY HAVE GREAT
WEIGHT IN THE ESTIMATES THE DIRECTOR SUBMITS TO
THE PRESIDENT AND HIS ADVISORS ON MATTERS OF
CRITICAL IMPORTANCE TO NATIONAL SECURITY,
YOU MAY HAVE HEARD OF THE RELATED SERIES OF
PAPERS, CALLED ~~ATIONAL INTELLIGENCE PLANNING
PROJECTIONS, WHICH ARE NOT VERY WELL KNOWN, THESE
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PROJECTIONS ARE WRITTEN BY THE OFFICE OF NATIONAL
ESTIMATES OF CIA. WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF DIA. FOR
THE USE OF THE LONG-RANGE PLANNERS IN THE DEPARTMENT
OF DEFENSE IN THESE PROJECTIONS. THE ESTIMATORS
ARE CALLED UPON TO COME UP WITH HARD FIGURES ON JUST
HOW MANY POLARIS-TYPE SUBMARINES. OR ANTI-BALLISTIC
MISSILE SITES. OR A CERTAIN TYPE OF BALLISTIC MIS-
SILE. THE SOVIET ONION COULD HAVE UNDER CERTAIN CON-
DITIONS IN, SAY, OCTOBER 1976 OR JUNE 1978, PROJEC-
TIONS THIS FAR INTO THE FUTURE LEAVE THE CURRENT
BASE OF EVIDENCE QUITE FAR BEHIND AND ARE. IN EFFECT.
A SETTING FORTH OF DETAILED PLANS FOR THE SOVIET
DEFENSE ESTABLISHMENT SEVERAL YEARS BEFORE THE
RESPONSIBLE RUSSIANS HAVE TO DO S0, I MIGHT ADD
THAT THESE PROJECTIONS HAVE BEEN WELL RECEIVED.
IN ADDITION TO NATIONAL ESTIMATES. CIA PRO-
DUCES A NUMBER OF OTHER INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTS,
THESE INCLUDE WHAT WE CALL BASIC INTELLIGENCE
WHICH IS THE DURABLE TYPE OF BREAD-AND-BUTTER FACT
YOU FIND IN THE NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE SURVEY--
THE RAILROAD SYSTEM. THE NUMBER OF PORTS, THE PO-
LICE MACHINERY. TfiE MILITARY FORCES OF A PARTICULAR
COUNTRY
CURRENT INTELLIGENCE IS DESIGNED NOT ONLY
TO ALERT THE DECISION-MAKER TO AN INCIPIENT CRISIS.
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BUT ALSO TO FILL HIM IN ON ANY GAPS WHICH MAY HAVE
DEVELOPED IN HIS BASIC AND ESTIMATIVE INTELLIGENCE
SINCE THOSE DOCUMENTS WERE COMMITTED TO PRINT. CIA's
CURRENT INTELLIGENCE IS DISSEMINATED IN DAILY AND
WEEKLY PUBLICATIONS, SPECIAL MEMORANDA. AND SITUA-
TION REPORTS ON CRISIS TOPICS,
OTHER TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE PRODUCTION INCLUDE
THE RESEARCH STUDY. SUCH AS ANALYSIS OF VARIOUS
SECTORS OF THE SOVIET ECONOMY. OR OF THE COSTS OF
SOVIET MI LITARY EQUIPMENT THE SUBJECT~~OF THESE
STUDIES VARY WIDELY. AND THEY ARE OFTEN PRODUCED
IN RESPONSE TO SPECIFIC RE(~UESTS~
FINALLY. THERE IS ~M~GE~ _I_NTERPRE T ON, WHICH
FEEDS INTO THE VARIOUS FORMS OF INTELLIGENCE PRODUC-
TION WHICH I HAVE DESCRIBED. THIS WORK IS CONDUCTED
IN THE NATIONAL PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION CENTER
WHICH EXAMINES FILMS IN DETAIL AND INTERPRETS WHAT
IS TO BE SEEN THE NPIC IS ADMINISTERED BY THE
CIA IN CLOSE COLLABORATION WITH THE ILIA,
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IN ADDITION TO THE CIA~S THREE PRIMARY MISSIONS--
INTELLIGENCE COLLECTION. COVERT ACTION. AND PRODUC-
TION OF INTELLIGENCE--THE AGENCY ALSO UNDERTAKES
A NUMBER OF RELATED OR SUPPORTING ACTIVITIES, THESE
INCLUDE OUR REFERENCE SERVICES, AUTOMATIC DATA
PROCESSING, RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT AND THE FAMILY
OF SUPPORT S(ERVICES--PERSONNEL. TRAINING, FINANCE,
AND SO ON , I l~t-~6fl----if~~'O.. ~'~ES~~ A ?1~i7~FFE~..._CaT.E.R"~~
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NOW LET'S TURN TO THE QRGANIZAT~ON OF CIA.
THE AGENCY IS DIVIDED INTO FOUR PRINCIPAL GROUPINGS--
REFERRED TO AS DIRECTORATES--AND SEVERAL STAFF OR
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS THE HEADS OF WHICH REPORT DIRECTLY
TO THE DIRECTOR. SUCH AS THE INSPECTOR GENERAL. THE
GENERAL COUNSEL AND THE BOARD OF NATIONAL ESTIMATES
WHICH I DISCUSSED. EARLIER THE BOX ON THE UPPER
RIGHT OF THIS CHART--NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE PROGRAM
EVALUATION--REPRESENTS A SMALL STAFF WHICH ASSISTS
THE DIRECTOR OF CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE IN HIS DUTIES AS
COORDINATOR OF ALL U,S, FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE ACTIVI-
TIES I UNDERSTAND THAT YOU HAVE RECEIVED A TALK ON
THIS FUNCTION
NOW FOR THE DIRECTORATES THE DDI. OR INTELLI-
GENCE DIRECTORATE-. IS THE PRINCIPAL PRODUCER OF SUB-
STANTIVE INTELLIGENCE THE DIRECTORATE OF INTELLI-
GENCE ALSO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR OVERT INTELLIGENCE COL-
LECTIO N THE NPIC--WHICH I DISCUSSED EARLIER--AND
THE AGENCY'S REFERENCE SERVICES ROUND OUT THE INTEL-
LIGENCE DIRECTORATE
THE NEXT DIRECTORATE IS THE DDP OR ~NS DIRECTO-
RATE WHICH IS ANOTHER WAY OF REFERRING TO CIA's CLAN-
DESTINE SERVICES THE CLANDESTINE SERVICES CONDUCT
ESPIONAGE. COUNTERINTELLIGENCE AND COVERT ACTION
OPERATIONS
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THE DDP OR CLANDESTINE SERVICES ARE ORGANIZED IN
A SERIES OF AREA DIVISIONS. SIMILAR TO THE STATE DE-
PARTMENT`S REGIONAL BUREAUS; STAFFS FOR SPECIALIZED
MATTERS SUCH AS FOREIGN INTELLIGENCE. COVERT ACTION
AND COUNTERINTELLIGENCE; AND OUR CLANDESTINE UNITS
ABROAD WHICH ARE CALLED "STATIONS," THE PLANS DIREC-
TORATE AND THE E1EAL)S OF OUR OVERSEAS STATIONS ALSO
SUPPORT THE DIRECTOR IN HIS RESPONSIBILITY FOR CO-
ORDINATION OF COVERT COLLECTION OPERATIONS CONDUCTED
BY OTHER U,S, INTELLIGENCE ORGANIZATIONS,
THE DIRECTORAZ~..~~CIEN~~ AND TECHNO)OGY, AS
THE NAME SUGGESTS, CONCENTRATES ON THE SCIENTIFIC AND
TECHNICAL ASPECTS OF OUR INTELLIGENCE ACTIVITIES. IN-
%LUDING R ~ D FOR TECHNICAL COLLECTION OPERATIONS
AND PRODUCTION OF SUBSTANTIVE INTELLIGENCE ON THE
S & T CAPABILITIES OF FOREIGN NATIONS, THIS DIRECTO-
RATE ALSO HOUSES OUR CENTRAL ELECTRONIC COMPUTER
CENTER, THERE ARE A FEW S & T ACTIVITIES WHICH ARE
LOCATED OUTSIDE THE DDS & T, FOR EXAMPLE. THE NPIC
HANDLES ITS OWN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ENGINEERING
FOR F'HOTO INTERPRETATION EQUIPMENT, HOWEVER, DDS & T
CONSOLIDATES AND PASSES MUSTER ON ALL R & D PROGRAMS
WITHIN THE AGENCY,
THE FOURTH DIRECTORATE IS THE SUPPORT DIRECTORATE.
WHICH EMBRACES THE SUPPORT SERVICES, SUCH AS SECURITY.
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TRAINING, COMMUNICATIONS, FINANCE. PROCUREMENT,
PERSONNEL. PRINTING AND OUR HOUSEKEEPING FUNCTIONS,
CIA MAINTAINS A WIDE VARIETY OF RELATIONSHIPS
WITH OTHER INTELLIGENCE ORGANIZATIONS AND GOVERNMENT
DEPARTMENTS AND AGENCIES, YOU HAVE ALREADY HEARD
ABOUT THE RELATIONSHIPS CIA HAS WITH OTHER MEMBERS
OF THE INTELLIGENCE COMMUNITY THROUGH THE U,S, INTEL-
LIGENCE BOARD AND ITS COMMITTEES, AND THE DIRECTOR S
ROLE IN EVALUATION AND COORDINATION OF NATIONAL IN-
TELLIGENCE PROGRAMS, I HAVE MENTIONED THE 000RDINA-
TION OF COVERT COLLECTION OPERATIONS,
IN ADDITION, CERTAIN CIA COMPONENTS ARE CHARGED
WITFI RESPONSIBILITY FOR COORDINATION OF SPECIFIC IN-
TELLIGENCE FUNCTIONS OR ACTIVITIES THESE INCLUDE
THE OVERT COLLECTION ACTIVITIES MENTIONED EARLIER--
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SUCH REFERENCE SERVICES AS BIOGRAPHIC
DATA ON FOREIGN PERSONALITIES EXCEPTING MILITARY FIGURES;
AND TFIE FOREIGN NAME TRACE REGISTER WHICH SUPPORTS ES-
PIONAGE. COUNTERINTELLIGENCE AND INVESTIGATIVE WORK
THROUGHOUT THE GOVERNMENT
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ICIA. THROUGH
AGREEMENT WITH THE JCS, COOPERATES IN CERTAIN MILI-
TARY PLANNING BOTH IN WASHINGTON AND AT THE UNIFIED
COMMAND LEVEL,
I THINK YOU CAN SEE FROM THESE EXAMPLES THAT
MANY OF OUR RELATIONSHIPS ARE TWO-WAY STREETS. WITH
ASSISTANCE AND SUPPORT FLOWING BOTH WAYS
FINALLY, CIA HAS A WIDE NETWORK OF RELATIONSHIPS
WITH THE RECIPIENTS OF OUR INTELLIGENCE ANALYSES AND
REPORTS HERE I REFER TO BOTH IN1-ELLIGENCE PRODUCED
WITH THE ASSISTANCE OF OTHER USI13 AGENCIES AND TO
CIA's IN-HOUSE PRODUCTS, QUR TOP CUSTOMER IS. OF
COURSE, THE PRESIDENT. HIS SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR NA-
TIONAL SECURITY AFFAIRS AND OTHER MEMBERS OF THE
WHITE HOUSE STAFF CALL ON CIA FRE(~UENTLY--I SHOULD
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SAY, DAILY--WITH A WIDE VARIETY OF REQUESTS SOME RE-
QUIRE ONLY A REPLY BY SECURE TELEPHONE OR LDX, OTHERS
MAY SET A NUMBER OF ANALYSTS TO BURNING THE MIDNIGHT
OILS
THE SECRETARIES OF STATE AND DEFENSE AND THEIR
DEPARTMENTS ARE ALSO MAJOR CONSUMERS OF INTELLIGENCE.
THE HIES. SPECIAL PJIES. CURRENT INTELLIGENCE AND
CERTAIN RESEARCH STUDIES ARE IMPORTANT IN THIS RE-
SPECT~ I REFERRED EARLIER TO THE NATIONAL INTELLI-
GENCE PLANNING PROJECTIONS WHICH WERE INITIATED TO
MEET THE NEED OF SECDEF AND OSD PLANNERS,
I~UR I NTEI_LI GENCE {'ROllUCTS G I VE R I SE TO MANY OTHER
RELATIONSHIPS AND CONTACTS THROUGHOUT THE GOVERNMENT
AS JUST ONE EXAMPLE, OUR OFFICE OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH
PRODUCES INTELLIGENCE IN SUPPORT OF THE INTERAGENCY
GROUP WHICH MAINTAINS THE WATCH ON THE FLOW OF STRA-
TEGIC GOODS AND MATERIALS TO THE COMMUNIST BLOC,
ALTHOUGH CIA PRODUCES INTELLIGENCE FOR MANY DIF-
FERENT CUSTOMERS AND MAINTAINS A WIDE RANGE OF RELA-
TIONSHIPS, CIA ADHERES TO THE FIRMLY ESTABLISHED RULE
THAT THE ONLY ROLE OF INTELLIGENCE IS ONE OF SUPPLY-
ING OBJECTIVE. SUBSTANTIVE INTELLIGENCE IT MAY BE
HARD-FACT: IT MAY BE AN INTELLIGENCE APPRECIATION--
THE BEST JUDGMENT OF THE SITUATION: OR IT MAY BE
ESTIMATIVE--AGAIN. A CONSIDERED JUDGMENT OF HOW THE
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SITUATION IS LIKELY TO DEVELOP BUT I WISH TO EM-
PHASIZE THAT CIA DOES NOT ~