SAMPLE OF CORRESPONDENCE SUPPORTING THE OPPOSITION OF SENATOR MORSE TO THE SOUTH VIETNAM RESOLUTION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP66B00403R000200160030-8
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 24
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 29, 2004
• Sequence Number: 30
• Publication Date: August 13, 1964
• Content Type: OPEN

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1964
61NtitlESsloisiAL SATE
A number of these low interest "develop-
ment" loam actually were for budget sup-
port; that is to offset balance of payments
and other deficits incurred by the borrow-
ing countries.
In other words, the United States, with its
own budget running in the red in the bil-
lions, is ladling out tens of millions to bal-
ance the budgets of other countries.
That's the giant "hidden grant" in the
foreign aid program. On the basis of its esti-
mated $800 million cost to American tax-
payers last year, this secret burden in the
pending foreign aid measure is calculated
at around $1 billion.
ronnicil AID PLASHES
In 1963, 35 countries were granted low in-
terest "development" loans. Largest bene-
ficiary was India with $414,150,000, Pakistan
second with $69,450,000. Since 1947, the
United States has poured more than $4 bil-
lion in foreign aid into Turkey?largely a
state monopoly economy. Of this amount,
$1.0 billion was in economic aid, the re-
mainder In military aid. The United States
is continuing to grant so-called supporting
assistance to Yemen?which is little more
than a satellite of Egyptian Dictator Aamal
_,.Nasser.
SAMPLE OF CORRESPO ENCE
SUPPORTING THE OPPOSITION
OF SENATOR MORSE TO THE
SOUTH VIETNAM RESOLUTION
'Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that I may have
printed in the RECORD another sampl-
ing of correspondence that I have re-
ceived, relating to my vote and my
speechcs in opposition to the South Viet-
nam resolution and the war-making
policies of the United States in south-
east Asia.
My mail is still running better than
200 to 1 in support of my position, al-
though one would never know it if he
were to read the kept press of America.
My mail runs better than 10 to 1 in
support of my opposition to foreign aid.
There being no objection, the cor-
respondence was ordered to be printed
In the Itscosn, as follows:
WASHINGTON, D.C., July 16, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: You have been doirfg a
badly needed job in your speeches on the
situation in southeast Asia. You may be
interested in the enclosed article, which I
wrote. It was published in a number of
railroad and other union monthly maga-
zines back around April 1946, shortly after
the end of World War II in the Pacific area.
The reason why I think this article is
significant is that the story told about our
performance and policy in Indonesia after
the war is virtually identical with the per..
formance and policy of the United States in
Indochina at the ,same time. In both cases,
we backed British forces which landed quick-
ly after the Japanese surrender, to reestablish,
In behalf of Britain, France and Holland, the
colonial power and prestige which had taken
a bad beating when the Japs swept over that
area early in the war.
I got both those stories from U.S. military
Officers who were eyewitnesses of the events.
In both cases, they landed with the British
forces, whose commanders told the Jap
troops to keep their weapons, because they
might be needed to help hold down the rebel-
lious natives. These officers were friends
of mine in the Office of Strategic Services,
in which I served for nearly 3 years.
The people of that area had immense good
will for Uncle Sam when World War II ended,
but we lost it by backing the colonial pow-
ers.
Sincerely,
ALBERT H. JENKINS.
[From Railway Labor Magazine, April 19461
WHAT'S HAPPENING IN JAVA??INDONESIANS
GREET BRITISH AND DUTCH WITH BULLETS;
AMERICANS WITH CHEERS
(By Albert H. Jenkins)
What's going on in Java and the rther
South Pacific islands where 70 million Indo-
nesian natives are rebelling against the re-
turn of Dutch rule, and where British forces
are helping the Dutch put down the-rebel-
lion?
Few Americans have any first-hand infor-
mation on that subject. One of the few is
a young officer who arrived at Batavia, Java,
on a British cruiser, Just in time to see the
Japs surrender there at the end of the war.
He was a member of a small group of U.S.
soldiers and sailors taking food, clothes, and
medicines to sick and starved American pris-
oners of war held by the Japs on Java. His
name cannot be disclosed here.
In letters to "Mother and Dad," not in-
tended for publication, this average young
American told the following story of his
"great adventure"?a unique journey to
Java and other South Pacific lands.
Let's skip his story until he arrives at
Singapore, the big British naval base at the
southern tip of the Malay Peninsula. The
Japs captured it in the first days of the war.
Now, in the young officer's tale, the British
are taking it back again.
"I was in the city of Singapore, the day of
the signing of the formal Jap surrender.
Somehow, I did not like the idea of all this
celebration without a single American flag
in sight, when it is doubtful that, were it not
for our casualties on Iwo Jima and elsewhere,
the British would ever have returned to
Singapore.
"The population here is mostly Chinese,
with some Malayans. They greeted the
British with indifference?as though they
were saying: 'Oh, well, here we go again.'
Nine-tenths of them never even glanced at
the victorious white man."
The cruiser left Singapore and sailed to
Batavia, Java, where the young officer wrote
this:
"I was the first American to set foot on
the soil of the Netherlands East Indies after
the end of the war. I went ashore in the
British admiral's barge, sliding in alongside
a wharf where 12 shiny new American cars,
complete with snappy Japanese drivers, were
waiting to take us to our quarters.
"The Japs set the tone for the whole of
our stay by being from the very beginning
most courteous and helpful, carrying bag-
gage and waiting on us hand and foot.
"And thereby hangs a tale. The prelim-
inary parley with the Japs about our enter-
ing the country was held on board our
cruiser. All the British and Dutch officers
(we Americans were not invited) wore their
stiffest high-collared white uniforms.
"Every preparation was made to act the
part of victors in a great war. Much whisper-
ing and conference over protocol, how and
when the admiral would enter, when the
delegates would be allowed to sit down, and
all the other details which make for dignity
and redtape.
"So up the gangway came the Japs. They
bow, hiss, salute, and right away General
Yamaguchi made a little speech of welcome.
He took the wind right out of the British
and Dutch sails.
"He started out by saying that he was at
our disposal and would cooperate and make
our task easy. If there was anything we
wanted, just ask and it would be done.
"And then he presented, without even
1875
being asked, a tremendous sheaf of carefully
drawn up lists and documents answering
every possible question about prisoners of
war, supplies, transportation, and everything
else we needed.
"Here he was practically doing our job for
us. The more formal and curt the British
and Dutch representatives were, the more
polite and helpful the Japs. You can't
imagine the confusion that resulted among
the starched whites of the admiral's staff.
"The Japs made good on everything they
promised. Nothing, I assure you, is so dis-
concerning as going into a conquered coun-
try expecting sullen obstruction from the
Japs, and getting it from no one but the
British."
The reason for quoting so much of that
part of the young American's letters is this:
The British forces have been in Java for
nearly 6 months. They insist they are there
only because they have to force the reluct-
ant Japs to surrender, and round them up.
Yet this eyewitness account makes it clear
that the Japs surrendered instantly and al-
most gladly.
As this is written; early in March 1946, a
newspaper report says the British are using
Japanese troops in Java to maintain order.
In other words, to shoot the rebellious na-
tives.
Why are the British there? Let's see what
their unwelcome American visitor has to say.
"When I landed in Java, I was ignorant of
the status of the natives and the general
political conditions in the country. But I
began to smell a rat the first few minutes,
as I drove a jeep into the city from the dock.
"Everywhere people lined the streets, but
there were no cheering crowds, no smiles, no
waves, no shouting. Just sileme.
"At this time, and for about a week there-
after, there was nothing to identify Ameri-
cans as apart from the British or Dutch.
Even the uniform did not mean a thing, as
nine-tenths of the Dutch wore American uni-
forms, too.
"We were not allowed by the British to
display any flags, so you can see where that
left us. I was just one of the hated white
men. Gave me a funny feeling.
"The Dutch have been tragically stupid in
their relations with the natives. They do
not want the Dutch to come back and rule
them as a `colony' again.
"The natives have formed a government
of their own, called `Free Indonesia,' with its
own president, foreign minister, police force,
and other officials.
"They have announced their intention of
resisting by force any attempt by the Dutch
to return to the East Indies.
"To support their claim to the right of
self-determination, they point to the At-
lantic Charter, the American Declaration of
Independence, and the U.S. Constitution.
They ask why those principles should not
apply to them.
"Every night since we landed, people gather
on the streets, and there have been armed
clashes between Indonesians and the occu-
pation troops.
"What is the Dutch answer to this sgi-
tation? I have talked with dozens of Dutch,
and they all say: 'Just wait till we get more
troops in here. After we machinegun some
of these natives, they'll forget all about it.'
"They have refused pointblank to sit down
and discuss the problem with the native
leaders. It does not set very well with me.
"There ?is a food shortage in the city,
though `upcountry' there is plenty of rice.
The Dutch have made no attempt to move
food down here for the native population.
"The UNRRA food and medical supplies,
and U.S.-made trucks, have been taken over
lock, stock and barrel by the Dutch, with no
sign of using any for relief of the native
population.
"I feel the natives have lost their golden
opportunity by waiting so long before mak-
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Ing a disturbance which would bring the
whole stinking matter to the world's atten-
tion. But I still don't see how the Dutch
can ever come back here in anything like
their former status.
"They may rule the place, but they'll do
It by force.
"Our position, as the only Americans on
the island, is peculiar to say the least. The
natives are tremendously enthusiastic about
Uncle Sam, and look to us as their deliverers,
champions of the people's rights, and defend-
ers of international Justice.
"Of course, we are .absolutely unable to do
anything, but still they come to us. beg us
to do something, and plead for American
assistance in their fight for freedom. All this
annoys the British and Dutch.
"The natives give us Americans the 'free-
dom of the country.' / have in my pocket
a pass signed by the Vice President of the
Indonesian Republic, saying in Malay that
I am an 'Orang Amerika,' and as such am a
guest of the country.
"We Americans have been able to pass
roadblocks, tour the city, go into the native
?Kamponga' where no other white men dare
go, and even take motor trips up into the
hills with perfect safety, thanks to these
passes, and the "U.S.A.' on the backs of our
cars.
"Instead of shots and bricks, all we get is
cheers. No doubt that is the reason why the
British forbade us to use the American flag."
All that was written in the first days of
October 1945. About 2 weeks later, the young
officer wrote another letter. Among other
things, it said:
"The situation in Indonesia la going from
bad to worse. Incidents are increasing in
number and violence, and bode ill for the
future. By and large, however, the Nation-
alists continue to be able to keep their fol-
lowers in check.
"British Prime Minister Attlee dealt the
nationalists quite a blow the other day by
announcing that the British are under obli-
gation to support the Dutch in their return
to the Netherlands East Indies. Just what
that obligation is. I don't rightly know.
"U the British openly try to do so, they'll
have a war on their hands.
"Another complicating factor is the fact
that 90 percent of the British troops are In-
dians. They are a little unenthusiastic about
assisting by force of arms the suppression of
a movement closely akin to what their own
country. India, has been trying to do for
hundreds of years.
"The Indian troops, however, commit nu-
merous crimes against the natives, such as
robbery and rape, which does not help the
general feeling toward the Allies.
"We neutrals feel that the Indonesians
have a good cause and the organization to
put It over, if recognition comes in time."
Still another letter, written toward the
end of October, says:
"The former American consul general to
Java has reappeared on the scene. And what
a character. He is a typical old-line diplo-
mat, large and portly, with a comfortable
paunch. Pie loves nothing better than to
sit back in a big chair and give you his views
on Java.
"He is more Dutch than the Dutch them-
? selves. To do him Justice, he likes the Indo-
nesians, but his affection for them is too
much of the typical colonial 'nice children'
sort.
"He wants to be pals with everyone, par-
ticularly the Dutch. The first person he saw
after he arrived the other day was the com-
mander of the Dutch forces in Batavia. Ever
since, he has been expounding Dutch propa-
ganda as gospel truth.
"The terrible thing about all this is that
now another conflicting voice is going to be
added to the 'information from reliable
sources' which is raining upon the U.S. State
Department in Washington.
'
"Now one of that Department's oldest and
most trusted servants is reassuring it that,
as soon as the Dutch can get a few thousand
men with machineguns into Java, the whole
movement will die a natural death.
"That attitude is going to make for a lot
of bloodshed. These people know what they
want. They may not get it this year, or 10
years hence, but the wanting is going to re-,
main. They are not going to look upon
themselves as 'colonials' for the rest of
eternity."
PORTLAND, Oats.,
August 7, 1964.
Sena tor WAYNE Moast.
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Ma. MORSE: Congratulations on your
courageous stand in criticizing our recent
actions in southeast Asia. No doubt, you
are feeling rather alone, Judging from the
senatorial vote of confidence, and I feel proud
of your stand on this matter. I fully agree
with you, and also feel uneasy, to say the
least, in regards to our country's actions.
Also, I understand that there has been a
motion introduced recently to repress news
coverage on elections until the returns are in
across the entire Nation. What became of
the bill, or who introduced it, I do not know.
but I think that it is not only a good idea,
but that It, would help immensely in making
elections more a matter of individual choice,
as they should be.
Very respectfully yours,
MERLE A. GuLarnsoz4.
SANDRA OULLLICSON.
PORTLAND, OREG.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR 51s: I wish to commend you upon
your no vote on the southeast Stria resolu-
tion.
I hope you have your economic security as
the opponents are vicious. More power to
you.
As ever your friend,
GEORGE H. PETERSON.
PORTLAND, OREG..
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE L. Moses,
Senate Office Building.
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: The announcement
of your negative vote to the resolution sup-
porting President Johnson's moves in Viet-
nam prompt this letter. You will have to
pardon the scrawl?it Is being written from
a hospital bed.
I want to commend you for your vote. The
label of "aggressor" is being appended to our
country in several instances. I read it from
the people of western Europe as they criti-
cize us for helping to rearm Germany and
give her a share In the control of nuclear
weapons. I am sure that the people of the
world are saying this with regard to our role
in Vietnam.
These are hard days in which we live, but
the struggle for peace is augmented by men
like yourself and Senator GEUENFNO.
Sincerely,
HEBER L. GORDON.
MOUNT ANGEL. Os.,
August 8.1984.
Senator WArara MORSE,
U.S. Senate.
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Szrzsroa Molise: I am writing to back
you on your stand regarding Vietnam.
It is only too bad that there aren't more
thinking people like you in our Capital with
the courage to speak out,
Sincerely,
MARK PrrEssorr,
EUGENE, OREG ,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We have just sent
the following telegram to President Johnson:
We deplore U.S. unilateral military action
against North Vietnam. subverting the prin-
ciples of the United Nations.
Your stand on the Vietnam problem and
the current crisis in particular is absolutely
right and has our wholehearted support.
Sincerely yours,
Mr. and Mrs. ARNULF ZWEIG.
EUGENE, OREG.,
August 6, 1964.
SeTIRIOT WAYNE MORSE.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We have just sent
the following telegram to President Johnson:
We deplore U.S. unilateral military action
against North Vietnam, subverting the prin-
ciples of the United Nations.
As Oregonians, we are proud of your stand
on the current crisis, and want you to know
that you have our wholehearted support.
Sincerely,
Mr. and Mrs. JoHN W. Coon.
EUGENE. Oars.,
August 6,1964.
Senator WAYNE Mortar,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I should like to
express my appreciation for your courageous
stand in opposition to the administration's
policy in Vietnam. Your dissenting vote on
the resolution supporting our attack on
North Vietnam is a vote against the cynical
and hypocritical policy that our Government
Is pursuing in this area. I hope you will
continue to work for the principles that we
have agreed to as a member of the United
Nations.
Sincerely yours,
ALVIN F. KELM.
EUGENE, OREG.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
Dtaa SENATOR MORSE: We would like to ex-
press our appreciation and our support for
your stand on U.S. Involvement in South
Vietnam. It Is heartening to hear at least
one voice in this country raised against
what we believe Is a mistaken and very dan-
gerous path followed by our Government in
southeast Asia.
Please continue to speak against "military
actions" and for peace.
Very sincerely,
AGNES and DAVID CURLAND.
SALEM. OREG ,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
House of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: We were glad to know there
was One Senator with the intestinal forti-
tude to stand up for what he thought was
right. No doubt history and time will prove
you were right in your analysis of the situa-
tion in Vietnam. While there has been no
lambasting in the press here for the position
you have taken, they may be waiting for a
more opportune moment. I am old enough
to recall what Bob La Follette had to con-
tend with. He was proven right after years
had passed.
Secretary Rusk says we have to protect
our national interests. He fails to tell what
they are. I know I did not have any over
there and hope the rest of the American
people will also realize such.
Someone must have used some strong
medicine on Senator FITLBRIGHT to get him
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CO'NGittSSIONAL 'RECORD - sENATE 18877
to change his mind. Maybe a Rhodes
scholar on be unduly influenced too. Was
hoping he would stay with the ship too.
It looked like some of us would get more
in the way of social security. Now I doubt
if anything will become of it. Think there
will be too much opposition to the medicare
item. The veterans' bill also looks like a host
cause.
I just thought you would like to know
we stacked up on your stand on these late
issues. We are stronger than ever for you
and know we are not alone.
Respectfully yours, -
W. A. RENrsom...m.
STATE OF OREGON,
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,
Salem, Oreg ., August 8, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I want to assure you
of my hearty support for standing firmly
against the recent naval actions near Viet-
nam. There are usually two sides to every
question and we did not hear the other side.
The issues in the Far East are too complex
and serious to be settled by brute force. If
we are to live we must sit around the con-
ference table. This should be done now
and in conjunction with the U.N.
You are an island of sanity and courage.
Sincerely,
HOWARD WILLITS.
LEWIS AND CLARK COLLEGE,
Portland, Oreg., August 10, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for rais-
ing the right questions about North Vietnam.
The unfortunate hand of domestic politics
and the San Francisco fiasco appears too
nakedly in this instance. Would it have
happened had Rockefeller been nominated?
My wife, my four boys, and I are driving
east to Atlantic City and to Washington,
leaving at once. Perhaps we shall see you
back there.
Sincerely,
DONALD G. BALMER,
Chairman, Deparment of Political
Science.
'PORTLAND, OREG.,
August 9, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE: As an ex-sailor
and merchant marine skipper, / must say
that your evaluation of the southeast Asia
problems are absolutely correct. -
Of course the problems were not created
by the Johnson administration; the preg-
nancy occurred a few years back.
Respectfully yours,
JACOB A. WICK.
VAN NUYO, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR : We are very grateful for the
"lone voice in the wilderness" for sanity and
peace. I hope we are able to hold back the
leap "over the brink." "Negotiate" is the
word and bring back our troops.
Sincerely,
Mrs. E. Soma.
DENVER, COLO.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: It was my pleasure to see and
hear you on TV on the incident in South
Vietnam.
I, with millions of other Americans abhor
war, especially if it is not justified. I can
only say "Thank you" for the stand you have
taken in this case.
Very truly yours,
HELEN DIETRICH.
OAKLAND, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
Congratulations on your cottrageous stand
on Vietnam. From one who knows some-
thing about the background of the situation
there it is comforting to hear at least one
voice raised in the Senate on behalf of the
truth. If more people knew the facts, you
would have more support.
Sincerely yours,
Mrs. G. SORENSEN.
FAIRFIELD, CONN.,
August 9, 1964.
, -
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate office Building,
Washington, D.C.
SIR: I realize that it has taken a tremen-
dous moral and political courage to stand
alone in the Senate and question a blanket
authorization for acts of war by the Presi-
dent, as you have in the recent crisis. I am
writing to you, as a Senator of the United
States, not of Oregon alone, to express my
recognition of your usual effort and to en-
close a copy of a letter sent to each Mem-
ber of Congress from Connecticut for your
interest.
We have many people congratulating
themselves with this last success in brinks-
manship, but many, however, are realizing
intuitively this cannot be repeated often.
Inasmuch as a policy must have a sense of
history, and see beyond the year, we have
no realistic policy for southeast Asia and
China. I encourage you to bring the facts
and understandings to Congress and the peo-
ple of how we must create a realistic policy.
I have not had the chance to become fully
acquainted with your point of view, because
of limited reporting of your statements in
the Senate, and I would accordingly appre-
ciate arrangement for receipt of copies of
your statements.
Sincerely yours,
ROBERT K. DTIBROFF.
P.5.-1 have written Senator FULBRIGHT ex-
pressing my concern that he was a leader in
the Senate in introducing and supporting the
resolution to give the President unlimited
discretion in deciding on acts of war.
FAIRFIELD, CONN.,
August 6, 1964.
Representative BERNARD GRABOWSKI,
House Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR REPRESENTATIVE GRABOWSKI: I am
writing at an instant when we are poised
at the edge of war?a war which will lead
we know not where. We know essentially
that this would be a war with Red China, a
limited war to start; then a total war. At
this moment, there are basic assumptions
prevailing in the United States regarding
this war:
1. That if the United States shows enough
force, Red China will not fight.
2. That if Red China does fight, 'U.S. su-
perior firepower in conventional arms will
prevail.
? 3. That if conventional arms do not pre-
vail; we can always resort to nuclear weap-
ons?first tactical, then strategic.
4. That the United States can safely re-
sort to nuclear weapons in a war with Red
China since China lacks both the bombs and
the missiles.
5. That at no stage in a war with Red
China will Russia interfere.
These basic assumptions, taken singly and
in sequence, involve so much uncertainty?
instead of certainty?that they cannot be
taken as guides for policy.
Can we look at the present moment? A
tide of indignation is being roused in the
United States in protest at the aggression of
North Vietnam torpedo boats against vessels
of the U.S. Navy. We are letting out the
word that we will resist all further aggres-
sion. Just in the midst of these develop-
ments we have the need to reexamine the
major assumption of U.S. foreign policy:
that limited war with Red China?which can
flare out to uncontrolled major war?will
bring needed solutions. If we accept this
assumption, if you accept this assumption,
then we have learned nothing from the Ko-
rean war and we ignore the plain fact that
Red China has 700 million people.
Red China is at the heart of the problem.
We have deliberately ignored her in the past;
now propose to go to war with her and this
country's leaders are representing that this
war can be won. Such thinking is in the
world of dreams?not in the world of hard-
headed reality.
At this moment in history we have passed
the point where we can practice war without
courting disaster. I am asking, as your con-
stituent, that you take leadership?not in
giving President Johnson a blank check for
the conduct of a bottomless war?in mo-
bilizing all skills to engineer a peace and
to insist on a procedure for peace finding and
keeping in the Far East.
In this quest I think we have to abandon
these myths:
1. That we can support despotic, corrupt,
incompetent regimes?such as the govern-
ment of Mme. Nhu and family?without
inviting revolt.
2. That we can have escalating military
buildups without inflammatory incidents.
3. That we can defeat Red China in a war,
without drastic repercussions.
The present crisis calls for a greater and
different courage than that summoned for a
declaration of war. It calls for the courage
of utter realism?to discard, following the
lead of Senator FULBRIGHT, old myths and
take heed of new realities. It calls for a
recognition, in keeping with the editorial of
the July 25-August 1 issue of the Saturday
Evening Post, of the need to come to terms
with Red China; to get over our paralysis of
action short of war because it is Communist.
Today, as your constituent, I am asking
what leadership you will give our country in
the restoration of peace, the renunciation of
myths, and the invigoration of our responsi-
bilities to achieve a peace that works.
Sincerely yours,
ROBERT K. DUBROPP.
WEST COLLINGSWOOD, N.J.,
August 4, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
The Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: Enclosed is an article from
the Philadelphia, Pa., Inquirer. I know you
are opposed to our participation in the war
waging in South Vietnam.
Why doesn't the U.N. have control over
this situation? I thought the purpose of
the United Nations was to control such wars.
I don't think our Government ever asked
the U.N. to send troops to fight the Viet-
cong.
It seems to me we should only be in South
Vietnam under U.N. orders.
Very truly yours,
Mrs. PAUL A. BLOSER.
[From the Philadelphia Inquirer]
GRAVE DECISIONS AHEAD
The unprovoked attack on the U.S. de-
stroyer Maddox by PT boats of the North
Vietnam Navy, in international waters off the
North Vietnam coast, carries ominous warn-
ing that the time is at hand for grave policy
decisions in the southeast Asia theater.
If the attack was a considered test of Amer-
ican determination, the North Vietnam Reds
received a quick answer. The Maddox re-
sponded vigorously, as did the fighter planes
from the aircraft carrier Ticonderoga. As
Secretary of State Rusk put it, "The other
side got a sting out of this. If they do it
again, they'll get another sting.".
This is true enough, as far as it goes.
It still leaves major questions for which the
American public is entitled to answers.
Why, after years of such routine patrols
as the Maddox was engaged in, did the North
Vietnamese choose this time to launch a di-
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18878 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE August 13
rect attack on an American ship in inter-
national waters? Why should they have
felt (if they did) the need to test Ameri-
can determination? Did they count upon
prompt help from their Red Chinese allies
if the United States had chosen to reply still
more vigorously to this provocation?
One plausible answer to the first of these
questions lies in the smoldering differences
between policymakers of the United States
and South Vietnam Governments. Premier
Khanh has recently been talking belligerently
of carrying the war into North Vietnam,
and one of his commanders has said that
parachutists have already been dropped
there. American officials have disputed these
statements, at the same time that more
American troops have been ordered to South
Vietnam as advisers.
The American public, unfortunately, is left
uncertain as to the meaning of all this.
It may well be that the North Vietnamese
are equally uncertain. The time appears near
for making clear to everyone what seems to
lie ahead.
ToIsmo, Omo,
August 7,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
DEAR SENATOR: Nine out of ten people share
your views on southeast Asia.
Nothing would please Russia more than
to have United States embroiled in a jungle
war in Asia.
Napoleon once said China is a sleeping
giant: don't wake her up.
CHAS. E. KNOTT.
OLMSTED PALLS. OHIO,
August 9, 1964.
HOU. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Moasz: I write to congratu-
late you on your talk before the Senate in
regard to Vietnam. I try to imagine the
courage you had to oppose all those other
Senators except Senator GeozerrNo. In March
and in May I wrote to the President asking
him to seek negotiations on South Viet-
nam. The letters are handed over to the
State Department and they send out stupid
literature without any sense of reality for
the American people to read. They, the
State Department, hold conferences in the
major cities of the Nation to brainwash the
people on Vietnam. In Cleveland when peo-
ple wanted to discuss the issues they rail-
roaded all discussion, even insulting the per-
sons who rose from the floor to ask ques-
tions.
I am enclosing a letter I wrote the Presi-
dent on July 19 when I sent back to him all
the State Department propaganda. I haven't
had a reply this time unless it was the ac-
tion they took against North Vietnam. Al-
though I had two copies of the material /
sent them both back so I cannot enclose
copies to you, but I suppose you have read
the literature they write for the American
people.
/ am enclosing an open letter to the U.S.
Department of State which was in the Plain
Dealer the day the State Department offi-
cials and a Dr. Strangelove character from
the Pentagon held their brainwashing con-
ference here.
Thank you for representing some of us
(could it only be 2 percent of the people?)
who do not like what our Government is
doing In southeast Asia. Everyone I talk
to doesn't like the situation In South Viet-
nam * yet their Senators approve of
what the President did. The action seems
so unconstitutional to me. Only Congress
can declare war. Do I only know those 2
percent who are for negotiations?
Sincerely,
VITIAN WiLsoN.
Otatzrze rams, Dem,
July 19, 1954.
THE PRESIDENT or ram UNITED &rims,
The White House,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR MR. PazaiDENT: I BM returning
to you the material the State Department
sent me. Unless the State Department un-
derstands reality in Vietnam we may destroy
the world. The people who wrote the en-
closed material never seem to have read
D. F. Fleming, Graham Greene, David Roth-
am, Milton Taylor, Prank Child, Adrian
Jaffe or any authority on Vietnam. These
papers admit the State Department did not
know Ngo Dinh Diem and his administra-
tion was as bad as it was, but they should
have known.
One would think our Government would
not repeat so pitiful and devastating a
tragedy. The constant State Department
progaganda blaming North Vietnam for vi-
olating the 1954 Geneva accord is an out-
rageous perversion of truth. The Geneva
accord prohibited all foreign military per-
sonnel, equipment, and bases in Vietnam and
called for general democratic elections by
secret ballot under international supervision
by July 1956. The U.S. Government pre-
vented the elections. U.S. arms In Vietnam
is in direct violation of the Geneva agree-
ment. This is known all over the world.
The United States should welcome the
peace proposals of U Thant and the 5,000
professors who have asked that the Govern-
ment seek negotiations.
Never mind what BARRY COLDWATER says
about using nuclear force in southeast Asia.
As Alvin Silverman says, BARRY Goiewaxra is
a man without brains, and, as you know,
without administrative experience.
Why talk about democracy in Vietnam
when we prevented elections in 1956? Why
talk about freedom In Vietnam when we have
Mississippi, Alabama and other States where
Negroes are not free? Let the Federal Gov-
ernment protect the civil rights workers
who are the bravest and most courageous
people in our country, doing the work of
the Federal Government, but without the
pay. In order that things do not get out of
hand in the South, it is necessary to send
Federal aid at once to stop the violence which
has occurred since the civil rights bill was
passed.
We need men of vision In our State De-
partment. How about D. F. Fleming?
Thank you for beginning negotiations over
Vietnam.
Sincerely yours,
AN OPEN LETTER TO THE U.S. DEPARTMENT Or
STATE?NEEDED: AN APPROACH TO END THE
WAR IN VIETNAM
The United States is a foreign party to a
civU war in Vietnam. Fifteen thousand U.S.
uniformed personnel have been committed
to the battle. Casualties include American
soldiers.
Acceleration of the American war effort in
South Vietnam invites increased aid by China
to the Communist Vietnamese. Stepping up
the war effort risks the use by either side of
nuclear arms. Nuclear war offers no vic-
tory.
What is the alternative?
Negotiation is urged by Senator WAYNE
Moasz, Senator Ettezse GattettiNa, Columnist
Walter Lippmann, and others. Recognizing
it takes both sides to make peace, we urge
our Government to initiate a conference of
nations to guarantee a neutral Vietnam.
We support U.S. efforts to insure enforce-
ment of agreements. The United Nations
can assist direct negotiation. Inspection
teams must be free to operate wherever
needed. They can be backed by frontier
patrols.
The best guarantee of enforcement Is the
mutual advantage of the agreement. The
goal is a Vietnam whose independence is
guaranteed and respected.
This statement paid for by the signers:
Robert R. Archer, professor; Raymond S.
Beard, business counselor; Marguerite S. Bel-
lamy, housewife; Keith C. Elliman, social
worker; Evelyn A. Blackburn, insurance
agent.
Isabel N. Bliss, homemaker; William M.
Bliss, engineer; Edith 0. Brashares, college
instructor; Edwin A. Brown, minister;
Rilma Buckman, sociologist: Bronson P.
Clark, businessman.
Sheldon D. tier's. lawyer; Lila Cornell,
homemaker; Marie F. Cotton, homemaker;
Wendell P. Cotton, salesman; Natalie C.
Grouter, housewife; Elfrieda S. Daiber, sec-
retary; Alan J. Davis, minister; Hortense M.
Davis, teacher; Jack G. Day, lawyer.
Steven Deutsch, university faculty; Mort
Epstein, designer; Gail R. Gann, home-
maker; Donald S. Gann, surgeon; Joel M.
Garver, lawyer; Paul Gitlin, social worker;
Henry Gluck, psychologist.
William. F. HeUmuth, Jr., professor; Arnold
A. Herzog, lawyer; Fred Huse, office worker;
Sidney D. Josephs, businessman; Mrs. Barry
Kirtz, homemaker; Waldo H. Kliever, con-
sultant; Dennis G. Ruby. minister; Jerome
Landfield, college professor; Ada N. Leffing-
well, homemaker.
George Levinger, educator; John P. Mar-
hevka, male hair stylist; Mrs. Edward A.
Marshall, homemaker, Charles R. Miller,
lawyer: Paul I. Miller, professor; Hans F.
Mueller, retired; Laura Muller, homemaker;
Sarah B. Wenner, housewife.
James M. Newman, advertising; Paul Oly-
nyk, professor; Clyde Onyett, public rela-
tions; William W. Outland, order analyst;
Samuel Prellwitz, industrial research; Harold
3. Quigley, minister; Willard C. Richan, edu-
cator; Eldon P. Roe, merchant; Marian Rosen-
berg, social workers.
Ralph Rudd, lawyer; Audrey Sabadosh,
librarian; Nicholas Sabadosh, teacher; Wil-
mer L. Satterthwait, painter; Vera A.
Schwartz, legal secretary; A. L. Sherwin.
lawyer; Frank Spigel, lawyer; Benjamin
Spook, physician; Sam SponseUer, retired.
Vera Smisek? teacher; Oscar H. Steiner,
businessman; Helen Stewart, high school
counselor; Edward A. Taubert, photographer;
Warren E. Thompson, educator; Hugh Tyson,
graduate student; Harry 0. Way, bacteriolo-
gist.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
August 5, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We support enthusi-
astically your criticism of the foreign aid
program and the administration's policy in
southeast Asia. You are the only liberal
who has criticized the foreign aid program.
Why is it that the liberals In Congress have
always supported foreign aid while the op-
position to It has come from southern Dem-
ocrats and Goldwater Republicans?
We appreciate your enlightened stand on
these two issues.
Very truly yours,
RICHARD L. BACH.
MARGUERITE BACH.
PARADISE, CAL/F.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We are for you 100
percent in your lone courageous stand in
this present Vietnam crisis.
Senator GoinwaTza's contrary approval of
what is happening adds, in our opinion, con-
firmation of your stand.
Furthermore, we don't believe the story
that is being told of how this present crisis
happened. It stinks to high heaven?worse
if anything. than the Republican Convention
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ?SENATE
at San Francisco last month. Where, oh,'
where, are vite going? And, who can we vote
for, for President?
Meat respectfully yours,
HAROLD C. BARTHELSON.
ARDIS I. 13ARTHELSON.
(Copy to Senator MICHEL.)
POUVILLE S/MER, PRANCE,
August 8,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: A word of thanks for
your splendid stand on Vietnam. We are
trying to police the whole world to keep it in
our image. No patriot gets our help to sup-
press his people unless like Ithanh, he prom-
ises there will be no changes. Imaginative
men, patriots, George Washingtons, can
never turn to us-we only offer bombs and
death in areas we do not own and have no
right to fight in.
Again thanks. Time is with you.
Sincerely,
DAVID MANDEL.
.
REDOING, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
PIM. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We have noted with
surprise and pleasure that you have almost
singlehandedly upheld measures for the
benefit of the common people. As far back
as the tideland oil giveaway to your present
stand on the Vietnam war.
Never forget there are people that agree
with your views, and admire your great cour-
age and integrity. We are often too silent in
supporting 'public-minded statesmen. We
thank you for your efforts in behalf of the
whole society.
Another statesman we have admired is
Senator HUBERT H. HUMPHREY of Minnesota.
If you have the time, we would like your
opinion of him as a possible Vice President
of the United States.
Sincerely yours,
' EMIL E. TWETEN.
WESTPORT, CONN.,
August 9,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Again you have shown courage and pa-
triotism by standing up in the Senate and
speaking the truth.
Where is our Jeffersonian democracy?
Where was MANSFIELD and P'ULBRIGHT and
others?
When future historians write the sad pages
of U.S. events of today, your name will rep-
resent the wisdom and courage and states-
manship that still exists in our land.
Respectfully,
CHICAGO, ILL.,
August 8; 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I wanted to write to
you to express iny support for your views
on the Vietnam question and to tell you
that I am glad that there are at least a few
responsible Americans willing to speak out
clearly on this issue. I thought that your
article in the current Progressive was par-
ticularly cogent.
I realize that the situation in Vietnam is a
difficult one and that, most unfortunately,
the United Statea has lost almost all options
that could lead to a victory for a non-Com-
munist and popular government. From my
point of view, neither the Vietcong nor the
/Chanh government is a suitable alternative
and neither is capable of supporting a dem-
ocratic government nor needed land informs.
No. 158 27
- I am only sorry that I am not a citizen of
Oregon and therefore cannot vote for you.
Yours sincerely,
PHILIP G. ALTBACH,
Ford Foundation Comparative Studies,
Fellow, University of Chicago.
SANTA ROSA, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
HOE. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate.
DEAR SENATOR: As a mother, as a great
lover of all mankind and all living creatures,
as one who believes that by order of a great
Creator all are entitled to live?I wish to
express my sincere gratitude to you for your
standing alone to defend these divine rights.
You should be given a medal for courage,
a medal of honor. I am not a hero worship-
per, but I cannot help saying that in my way
of thinking, you are a real hero in oppos-
ing the warmongers who would destroy all
life.
'I have a young son (19 years) aboard the
U.S.S. Constellation. Ile has been taught
to love, to honor, to respect life?not to de-
stroy it. It would give me great pleasure to
tell President Johnson that I'm not standing
behind him in his warmongering action.
Nor for any resolution backed by Congress
supporting such drastic inhuman action.
This to me is signing and supporting a death
warrant for all creation. President Johnson,
McNamara, and company did not create the
world and man and they certainly have no
right to destroy it. So many times recently
Mr. Johnson has asked the American people
to stop hating, to love our neighbors?now I
would ask, was this an act of love that he
ordered to kill, to destroy perhaps many
innocent people? This is, may I say: "Dr.
Stranglelove," indeed.
My heart goes out to you, I am with you
in thought and deed. If there should ever
be any way that I could help you, please
do call on me. It is my greatest hope that
I can meet you personally, shake your hand
and say "thank you from the bottom of my
heart.' I ask myself so often?when will
man learn that he has no enemies, that in
the science and truth of being all men are
brothers by nature?
Yours for peace and understanding,
SARA BURCH.
ROCHESTER, N.Y.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We Wish to thank
you for your forthright condemnation of the
role of the United States in southeast Asia.
In these times of national, immorality, it
takes a man of the utmost moral conviction
and courage to speak out vigorously against
the actions of a society which is sick from
its affluency and military might and whose
code of conduct has degraded to that of "the
end justifies the means."
What a pity that the people of this Na-
tion will not have the opportunity to vote
for a man of your integrity in the coming
fall election. As it is we personally feel that
we have been disfranchised by being given
the choice of the "lesser of two evils."
Sincerely yours,
Mr. and Mrs. PAUL STEWART.
PLAINVIEW, N.Y.,
August 9, 1964.
President LYNDON B. JOHNSON,
The White House,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Me. PRESIDENT: I agree thoroughly
with Senator MORSE on the Vietnam situ-
ation. If the North Vietnamese attacked our
ships (and they deny it), we provoked it.
18879
We" have killed Men, women, and children
in South Vietnam, supported ruthless, blood-
thirsty dictatorships like the Diem regime in
defense of "freedom," destroyed crops and
livestock in order to "protect the people
against communism," and committed atroci-
ties against helpless civilians. Then we won-
der why the southeast Asians hate us.
In addition, we have refused to abide by
the Geneva convention agreement of 1954,
which stated an election should be held in
Vietnam so the Vietnamese people could de-
cide their government.
General de Gaulle has advocated neutrali-
zation of southeast Asia. The only honor-
able and practical thing for us to do now is
to stop the war, see that an election is held,
and work for neutralization of the area.
Sincerely yours,
Mrs. DONALD S. DUSHKIND.
PRITCHETT, COLO.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations on
your spunk.
It looks like another black chapter is being
written in Vietnam.
There is much evidence to prove that we
were lied into at least three wars during the
past century, and after reading your fine
article in Progressive it may be possible to
include another.
All offers to settle this trouble were re-
jected at once which would seem to prove
that buzzards who profit through bloodshed
are dictating Government policy.
Sincerely,
W. F. BROWN.
P.5.?What we need is a third party for
people who believe in peace and good will.
This would eliminate most members of the
NAM and USCC.
PICO-RIVERA, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Moresa,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: Our family wish to express our
appreciation to you for taking the stand on
foreign aid that you have, and you are mak-
ing a fight to reduce it. We are native Ore-
gonians, who have been residents of Cali-
fornia for over 20 years. We have scores of
relatives in Oregon, both Democrats and Re-
publicans, though voting pretty muchly as
independents.
We respect you for being outspoken in your
beliefs, in our estimation, we need more
active, outspoken men such as you in Wash-
ington. Right now we are very concerned
over our huge foreign aid to countries of
Ben Bella, Sukarno, Tito, etc. Also this pro-
posed Hart amendment. We have requested
information pertaining to this from our Sen-
ator KUCHEL.
Very sincerely,
BLANCHE E. USABLE.
--
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. SENATOR,: May I commend you for
your courage in refusing so staunchly a "pre-
declaration of war" in Asia, I agree with
you that we had no business to be in Viet-
nam in the first place. If we had kept our
men and our flag at home there would have
been no occasion for anyone to shoot at it.
Voices like yours are the only ones that
give so many of us who crave peace and fear
annihilation, the hope to carry on. The
United States, by its persistent policy of re-
fusing to utilize the VII. or the World Court,
or of violating many of its agreements,
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18880 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
has set the nations of the world a poor
example.
I pray you have the courage to keep to
your course.
Sincerely,
MAY GOLDMAN.
WAUKESHA, Wis.,
August 7,1964.
DEAR. SENATOR MORSE: I would like to COM-
mend you on the courageous stand that you
took when you voted against President John-
son's resolution in regard to Vietnam. I was
shocked by this resolution and horrified by
the action preceding it. I regard the recent
bombing of bases in North Vietnam as noth-
ing less than an immoral act on the part of
our Nation. We certainly have the right and
the duty to defend ourselves in the face of
aggression but open aggression on our part
Is another thing. I strenuously object and
most heartily disapprove.
MIS. DOROTHY BOXHORN.
MENDOCINO, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
The Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: It is indeed heartening to
see a man of courage and understanding
stand out against the rabble that make up
most of the present Congress. The prospects
for a decent world would be far better if
someone of your stature had occupied the
White House during the last couple of dec-
ades.
All good luck to you.
R. J. KENNEDY.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sra; I should like to congratulate you
on your courageous dissenting vote with Sen-
ator ERNEST GRUENING, of Alaska. against the
emergency Vietnam resolution, which would
give a carte blanche authority to President
Johnson to interfere even more with the
touchy and inflammable southeast Asia sit-
uation.
I, as many, know how much and long you
have struggled for sanity on this issue in
Washington; it is to your eternal credit that
you've taken a hands-off stand about this
part of the world.
When there are enough men like yourself,
with personal integrity, to champion even for
the rights of faraway peoples to determine
their own future, then and only then, will
this world eventually settle down to some
semblance of peace. By that time, of course,
It would be judicious to embrace a World
Court with legal and police powers to enforce
all international decisions.
As long as you continue to believe that the
freedom of other nations is as important as
that of our United States, you'll have the
sincere support of people like myself who
not only are concerned for our family or our
city or our country?but for the world.
Respectfully yours,
ROBERT E. BLOMQUIST,
IVLSYNARD, MASS.,
Augurt 10, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We admire your courage and hope Ameri-
can policy in Asia will be corrected.
HAINES and CATHERINE TURNER.
SAN JOSE, CALIF,
August 8, 1964,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Many thanks for your courageous stand On
Vietnam. Remain firm in the right.
FRED !Moine.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.,
August 8,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank you and congratulations for your
stand on Vietnam and peace.
EVA RICHMOND,
San Francisco Women for Peace.
SILVER Smarm Mn.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE, of Oregon,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
As future Oregon residents we thank and
commend you for courageous just stand on
Vietnam.
Mr. and Mrs. Boa PASKOFT,
LOS GATOS, CALIF.,
August 8, 1964.
Seliator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
We fully support your courageous protest
against P.S. action in Vietnam. You are not
alone.
ELLIOTT WAR and family.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.,
August 8,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank heavens we have two courageous
Senators who think independently. Con-
gratulations on your Vietnam vote.
SYLVIA POWELL.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIT.,
August 8, 1064.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on your stand for peace.
Keep it up, please.
Svr.Lts PATS!.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALVE.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Moasz,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on outspoken Vietnam
stand. Working in California for more rep-
resentatives like you.
SUSANNE EUBANKS.
PITTSBURGH, PA.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on your vote. Save lives,
save the peace. Don't enlarge Viet war.
LEO GRONER.
CLEVELAND, OHIO,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Moasz.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
I am in complete support of your position
on Vietnam. Please do not waver.
NANCY HOLLANDER.
PORTLAND, OREG.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator Wayarz Moasz,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on your courageous stand
on Vietnam. Your commitment to world
peace most reassuring.
GEORGE ABEDE.
LOS ANGELES. CALIF.,
August 10, 1964.
SO/Ilit0/ WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Wish to express deep-felt gratitude and
appreciation for your forthright and cou-
rageous stand on the Vietnam resolution.
It Is a tragedy there should be only two
Voices in Congress in opposition. Please con-
August 13
tinue to fight for those of us who have no
voice.
MADELYNE GERLACH,
NEW YORK, N.Y., August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We applaud your position on the pre-
election Asia crisis. Congratulations.
Mr. and Mrs. H. LEVY.
EUGENE, OREG., August 9, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
We support your proposals regarding Viet-
nam and foreign aid. You deserve chapter in
"Profiles in Courage."
Mr. and Mrs. RUDOLPH POHL.
MINNEAPOLIS. MINN., August 8, 1964.
Senator Wevarz MORSE.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Commend your opposition to military
action in Vietnam. Urge concurrent resolu-
tion disapproving agreement to extend nu-
clear information to NATO member country.
Debate by Congress imperative.
MEDORA PETERSEN.
President, Minnesota Branch WiLPF.
SurreLo.N.Y., August 9.1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
We applaud your position and vote on
South Vietnam.
DONALD and Lomas SILBERMAN.
BERKELEY, Cs.tar., August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Moasz,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on your courageous stand
on Vietnam. Please continue to present
clearheaded and realistic alternatives.
DAVID GROSS.
Mtn' HAMPTON, N.Y.. August 8.1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on your courageous stand
against the predated declaration of war on
Vietnam.
Mr. and Mrs. BURTON LANE.
PALO ALTO, CALIF.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank you for courageous fight for truth
about Vietnam. We support you.
JANICE and STUART HARWOOD.
SOUTH GATE. CALIF.,
August 9, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Twenty-four organizations tonight dis-
tributed your speech on a vigil commemo-
rating Hiroshima and protesting involvement
in Vietnam. The vigil, sponsored by Uni-
tarian Universalists Fellowship for Social
Justice, Los Angeles. covered 12 blocks on
both sides of Hollywood Boulevard. Many
signs were taken from your statements. A
tribute to your courageous fight for truth
and peace.
KENNETH and BETTY ROTTGER.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations.
You of all our so-called Government lead-
ers had the courage to call a spade, a spade.
We don't belong in South Vietnam, and
should get out and let the people decide
their own destiny. Our "big stick" policy
results in support of every two-bit dictator
In the name of democracy.
What has happened to our glorious demo-
cratic heritage? Liberty, justice for all gave
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1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
birth to our Nation. Today we distort its
sacred meaning to hold in power ever dic-
tator throughout the globe who oppresses
the people.
When aye we going to reverse our suicidal
policy? Time is getting short. Must we take
the road to atomic suicide? I say no.
Keep up the good fight. 'It takes courage
and integrity to buck the war mongers in
these 'United States.
Sincerely,
CHARLES BERKOW.
SAN JOSE, CALIF.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Wash,ington, D.C.:
Twenty-fifth Assemey District California
Democratic Council Club strongly supports
your position on Asian resolution.
JERRY GORDON, Secretary.
PORTLAND, OREG.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAyrrz Mow.,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Regarding Vietnam, applaud your stand.
Keep it up.
Ei...gitNonz M. CAMPBELL.
QUINCY, MASS.,
August 8, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We applaud your courageous stand and
integrity in opposing the President's recent
action in Vietnam. We hope you will con-
tinue to show continued courage in the face
of powerful majority who seem eager to es-
calate present crisis into a world war.
RUTH and EDWARD ROSELAND.
WEST HEMPSTEAD, N.Y.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE 14.oBsE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
You may have addressed an empty Sen-
ate Chamber but the people and particularly
the mothers of this country are listening to
the only voice for peace in that supposedly
august body. Please keep up your wonder-
ful plea for sanity and world peace.
SYLVIA FINK.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I appreciate very
much your continued opposition to U.S. in-
volvement in the Vietnam war. I am glad
for your recent no vote on the President's
resolution.
I hope and pray that our Government will
be willing to enter into negotiation soon
through the calling of the Geneva powers.
Sincerely,
MARGARET T. Salmi%
AUGUST 10, 1964.
Hon. Senator WAYNE L. MORSE,
U.S. Senate Chamber,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Six: My sincerest congratulations to
you for your courageous stand you took
against the joint resolution on southeast
Asia. Our warships have no business in
southeast Asia. They are there to provoke
the North Vietnamese and China. I am
convinced that China will never attack the
United States.
S. M. BALINER.
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH.
DEAR SENATOR 1VIORSE: I have absolutely
no time?pressed for time to write papers
and have final examinations?but I must
tell yon of my appreciation for your love
of truth and for your lionlike courage.
Anybody who even begins a study of Viet-
nam knows that the situation there stemmed
from rural despair and from-Diem's arbitrary
tyranny?not from an invasion from the
North. How can we base our whole policy
on a myth? My Senator from Wyoming
McGEE says in letter to me that the main
cause of trouble is Red Chinese expan-
sionism.
My heartiest and best wishes. This will
reach you after you have spoken?but what
you have already said puts you in Lincoln's
courageous tradition of opposition to the
cooked-up incidents leading to, the Mexican
War.
Yours for a country which is right.
SYDNEY SPIEGEL.
Atrausr 7, 1964.
DEAR SIR: Thank you for opposing the
Vietnam resolution.
_ It seems, at times, that men are not unlike
the lemming?racing toward the sea?and
suicide. It is at these times, that it is glori-
ous to hear the sweet voice of reason.
I cannot fully express my gratitude for
your courage and convictions.
Thank you, sir.
SEATTLE, WASH.
PAT CAWTHON.
UTICA, N.Y.,
August 7,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
Sm: I think that you are to be commended
for your stand on the Asian situation.
You apparently see the futility and the
irresponsibility of the involvement.
You may be a voice crying in the wilder-
ness, but your example and courage and in-
tegrity are an inspiration to all Americans
Who cherish justice and truth.
In an era of extremism and insanity you
have shown that you can maintain common-
sense regardless.
Senator MORSE, we need more men and cer-
tainly more elected representatives like you.
Please keep up the good work.
With best wishes,
Yours truly,
Hon, WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. MORSE: We support your Cou-
rageous stand on American military ventures
in Vietnam. Keep up the good work.
Yours truly,
Mr. and Mrs. R. E. GREENBERG.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
Sm: It must be the "latter days" if there
are only two prophets willing to stand up.
Commonsense seems to say that it would be
foolhardy for a small kid to attack or tease
a big kid like the United States. But if he
did, the big kid beat the out of him
and then run and tells on him, instead of
telling on tim first?if he's so bighearted.
I think the slanted news we get in this
country is appalling. And no one is allowed
to visit Cuba and find out the truth either.
RALPH TACZYNSKI.
AUGUST 5, 1964.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: May I take this
opportunity to thank you for the courageous
position you have taken against our foreign
policy in Vietnam, and in other areas in-
volving peace.
18881
In making known your position, you speak
out in the name of all peace-loving people,
who understand that it no longer is a ques-
tion of war or peace?but a question of
survival.
Yours has been a voice in the wilderness,
and most welcome to hear.
Thank you again for myself and for my
sons.
Sincerely yours,
MTS. JULIE 1VIERLINO.
AUGUST 9, 1064.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I think the whole
country is indebted to you for that fine
speech you made on the floor of the Senate
on our involvement in Vietnam. I realize
many of your colleagues must, with their
minds and their hearts, have agreed with
you. If I am right in thinking that it is
depressing that they lacked the honesty and
courage to express their opposition to the
stupid and dangerous tactics that are being
used by our Government.
Please keep on with your good work.
Gratefully yours,
FRANCES MEYER.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIE: We wish to comment on the
stand you took for morality. God bless you
for your forthrightness.
Sincerely,
HELEN PIERSOL.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Your lone voice dis-
senting in Johnson's Vietnam action is to be
commended. I realize that "realistic poli-
tics" demands that Johnson do something
to drown some of GOLDWATER'S campaign
charges. However, it's been dishyartening to
see so many Congressmen silent on this U.S.
action.
Congratulations for your stand.
Sincerely,
Mrs. ELIZABETH RICE MOORE.
CHERRY HILL, N.J.,
August 9, 1964.
1-10/1. WAYNE L. MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have intended to
write to you for several months, but the
present crisis forces me to end the delay.
I completely support your position on the
war in Vietnam and on the recent attack on
North Vietnam. It is unfortunate that this
Intensification of the war has brought such
a jingoiatic and unreasoned response on the
part of our lawmakers, rather than the sober
questioning of the Maddox attack, as well as
the whole war, that our involvement there
deserves. What serious discussion there has
been in Congress ha,s been largely the result
of Senator GRITENING'S and your speeches.
I notice in a UPI dispatch of August 6
that Assistant Secretary of State William
Etundy acknowledged on Thursday that
South Vietnamese gunboats may have shelled
two North Vietnamese islands approximately
a day before the first attack on the U.S.S.
Maddox. He asserted, however, that the de-
stroyer was at least 60 miles away and did
not provide cover for the attack. Even if
this distance is correct, and I no longer
have the utmost confidence in the State De-
partment, this action surely must have been
viewed by Hanoi as having U.S. approval.
What with repeated calls for roprisals
against the "privileged sanctuary" of North
Vietnam by both United States and Viet-
namese officials, even to the extent of step-
by-step plans for military attack on the
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18882 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE August 13
North; admitted South Vietnamese guer-
rilla raids on North Vietnam; this alleged
island incident; and provocative U.S. patrols
off Hanoi's coast, these attacks do not seem
so surprising. That our naval patrols in the
Gulf of Tonkin have intended to intimidate,
it not provoke Hanoi can no longer be easily
denied. For if, indeed, the Maddox was 60
miles away during the Vietnamese attack on
the North Vietnam islands, its patrol
roughly 24 hours later at supposedly 30
miles offshore must have been viewed at the
very least with alarm by Hanoi.
I certainly do not agree with Communist
claims to possession of waterways. bounded
by their territory, but we have also abused
the concept of "freedom of the high seas."
I do not believe that it includes maneuvers in
such close proximity to a hostile country at a
time of great tension. The ostensible reason
for our patrols is to prevent infiltration of
men and materiel by sea from North to
South. Secretary McNamara, in his news
conference as reported in the New York
Times of August 7, revealed that the South
Vietnamese Navy has for some time patrolled
its coast and portions of the North Viet-
namese coast with a fleet composed of as
many as 500 vessels for precisely this same
purpose. It does not seem to me that the
,Vietcong are extensively supplied in any way
from the North, but if patrols are to be kept,
the logical place for them would seem to
be along South Vietnam where there would
be no confusion as to their mission, rather
than off North Vietnam where fishing boats
are indistinguishable from supply ships and
where patrols (and I presume searches if
they are to be effective) can only invite
perpetual error, antagonism, and eventual
retaliation.
I regret having taken your time with such
a long letter, but I wanted to give a few of
my reasons for supporting your speeches.
Very truly yours,
WALTER BROD.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 7,1984,
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for your
sanity, intelligence, and courage.
Would to God more of your colleagues pos-
sessed at least a little of these fine qualities.
Most sincerely,
JAMES V. RYAN.
Wsersturtsrze, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senator front Oregon,
Washington, D.C.
Dean SIR: I, for one, admire your stand in
denouncing the dangerous policy that our
country is pursuing in southeast Asia. Your
refusal to "knuckle under" is held in high
regard by myself, my family, and those of us
who truly desire peace in our time.
Sincerely,
PERRY DEMAKEAS.
WESTBURY, N.Y.,
August 7, 1964,
Senator WAYNE Molise,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: May I begin this
humble letter by congratulating you for your
courage. Some people might doubt that
that noun applies to Senator Moms who re-
fuses his vote to President Johnson allowing
him to use whatever forces are fitting in
South and North Vietnam. Some people do
not appreciate true courage. They must still
prove their greatness by employing barbaric,
primitive methods.
Things that are important and worthy are
often difficult to attain. A neutral southeast
Asia is important. It is, in fact, imperative
that it does not become another Korea. For
the more inflamed this problem becomes the
more of a threat "all-out nuclear war" be-
comes.
There is a way to settle this problem
other than the arrogant and barbaric way
still used by man. We on the Hiroshima
Day observance in New York City, August
8, recognize It and were so happy to receive
your telegram. You are still one out of a
hundred, but it made us at least hope that
someone in our Government is sympathetic.
The way is negotiation.
The only moral and sane way is through
negotiation.
President. Johnson speaks of freedom and
peace for South Vietnam, in fact, for all of
southeast Asia. Yet ironically enough he
asks Congress for permission to use military
force to attain this end. At the rally at
Washington Square yesterday, Mr. Bayard
Rustin spoke to us. He cited that history
has taught some of us that violence has
never settled any human problem. He re-
minded us that World War I was to be the
"war to end all wars." This war was ended
by the Treaty of Paris of 1918. President Wil-
son was afraid of a punitive peace treaty.
His fears were realized with World War II.
This war was more destructive than the
first. This time the world was brought to
peace with the atom bombs at Hiroshima
and Nagasaki. These events marked a sordid
change in the world's motality. During no
other time in history has man been so casual
with his brothers' lives. Now he nonchalant-
ly speaks of such immoralities as "128 over-
kill." After all this violence, and violence
to end violence, 19 years tater we are still
a long way from peace.
Mr. Rustin also reminded us of what some-
one once said. I am not quoting; those who
do not learn from history are condemned to
relive it. Perhaps it is not too late to learn.
At least we must not be discouraged. You,
a minority, must not be discouraged. All of
us who attended the Hiroshima Day Observ-
ance and many more are supporting you. I
sincerely thank you.
I remain,
Respectfully,
MISS DEANNA GALLO.
BURBANK, CALIF.,
August 8, 1964.
DEAR WAYNE MORSE: Both MM. Wolf and I
agree 100 percent with your brave stand on
the Vietnam mess.
And as the !tingle Senator who stood with
you said (and he, too, is to be commended)
the whole of Vietnam, and I might add, all
of southeast Asia is not worth the life of one
American boy.
With highest regard for your display of
real guts, regardless of consequences.
Sincerely yours.
HAROLD E. WOLF.
Anon= 7,1864.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Forgive the appear-
ance of this hastily scribbled note but these
are times which often put feeling above cere-
mony.
I congratulate you on your lone, courage-
ous vote against the madness which we have
become a part of in Vietnam. Yours is the
voice of vanity and honesty, a rare thing in
our country today. I shall write in your
name on my presidential ballot this year.
Keep it up?for a future.
Sincerely,
MARTIN COOPER.
BROOKLYN, N.Y.
NORTH HOLLYWOOD, CAW.,
August 6,1964.
Senator WAYNE ?damn,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Although We are not
residents of your State, we feel we owe you a
debt of thanks as the lone voice that speaks
out for sanity. We are grateful for your ra-
tional approach to the Vietnam situation,
and only regret that you are alone in the
Senate seeking to secure a more peaceful
world.
Very truly yours,
Mr. and Mrs. SIGMOND FIELD.
DALLAS, TEX., August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE: Thank you for your
dissenting vote on the "fight if we must"
resolution. That took courage, and not the
type of flag-flying courage which goes forth
to kill, maim, and destroy, all over the world
In the name of liberty, freedom and democ-
racy.
The U.S. economy is war geared. It de-
mands war crises and occasional war for
maintenance and the justification of big de-
fense. The United States interferes in in-
ternal affairs of other countries in both hemi-
spheres. We forced Cuba to accept aid from
Russia and now we can hardly wait to take
over Cuba and get back the vast interests
and opportunities our big industry had there
before Castro.
The Vietnam problem must be taken to
United Nations. Delegates from Vietnam,
especially North Vietnam, and from China
should sit in on all conferences so that
United Nations has both versions of the
story, upon which to base a just decision.
Thank you for your frankness. I cannot
express my gratitude.
EULA M. MCNABB.
CUBANS BLAST RAIDS ON REDS
Havaera.?The Communist Cuban Govern-
ment today sided with North Vietnam in a
bitter statement saying "We know how Yan-
kee imperialism acts?Its incessant provoca-
tions, its piratical methods, its scandalous
lies, and its shameless pretexts."
A statement signed by President Osvaldo
Dorticos and Prime Minister Fidel Castro
said the Cuban Government, "in the name of
the Cuban people, condemns the unjusti-
fiable attack unleashed by American Armed
Forces against the democratic Republic of
North Vietnam.
"In cynical, cold, and deliberate form, the
U.S. Government planned and executed its
criminal attack."
Referring to the Ill-fated Bay of Pigs in-
vasion and the repeated Cuban charges of
American provocations at the Guantanamo
Navy Base border, the statement said "in this
case the U.S. Government, with the same
lack of scruples, has forged an incident that
was used as the pretext for an air attack
against North Vietnamese installations."
The two Cabinet members went from the
Senate to testify before the House Foreign
Relations Committee on the resolution which
Johnson said was needed to show "that our
policy in southeast Asia will be carried for-
ward and that the peace and security of the
area will be preserved."
Senator Moase. a sharp critic of the ad-
ministration's Vietnam policy, said Wednes-
day that the United States shares responsi-
bility with the Communists for the attacks
which brought on the crisis.
"For 10 years, the role of the United States
in South Vietnam has been that of a pro-
vocateur, every bit as much as North Viet-
nam has been a provocateur." he said. He
has urged that the Vietnam problem be
taken to the United Nations and that the
United States make use of the SEATO pact.
DALLAS, TEX.,
August 6, 1964.
President LYNDON B. Johnson,
President of the United States of America,
Washington. D.C.
HONORABLE PRESIDENT JOHNSON: OUT
hearts are very heavy as we realize that the
maturely intelligent people of the United
States and of the world, are being given no
choice, as to our state of war, now, or in No-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
vernber. With an accompaniment by Syra-
cuse University Band, must we say: "Onward
Christian Soldiers"?onward with all the de-
struction that can be wrought through the
employment of war as a futile, wasteful, and
archaic method of attempting to determine
right, or, of attempting to point the way to
justice.
You have stated: "The world is challenged
to make its will known, and make it known,
now." How? How, we ask as citizens of the
United States and of the world? Shall we
make our will known through ever-escalating
war until the world is devastated and the
efforts of centuries of progress have been ob-
literated? Shall we have peace dangled be-
fore us as the illusive, future reward for
fighting another, and, yet another war? Why
sacrifice our men and the men of the "cur-
rent enemy" for matters which will never
be settled by war?
Secretary McNamara has stated: "Whether
any further major action will be taken by
the United States against Vietnam depends
upon the Vietnamese." Is this statement not
typical of all warring nations from time im-
memorial? In the senseless game of war, the
full blame for aggression is always placed
upon the enemy. And, the assistance of Al-
mighty God (or, counterpart) is invoked by
each warring nation because each feels that
"God is on our side?the side of right."
Please use your influence toward having
the decision of the course to be pursued in
Asia placed under the United Nations. All
conferences on Asia should include discus-
sions by delegates from Vietnam and from
the Peoples' Republic of China; otherwise
the United Nations will not have both ver-
sions of the recent events upon which to base
a just decision.
Respectfully;
ETJLA M. MCNABB.
AUGUST 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
HS, Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: This is the first letter I
have ever written to any elected official, but
X feel so strongly that unless all adult Amer-
icans speak up now we will be involved in
another full-scale war in Asia.
)I would like to congratulate you and the
distinguished Senator from Alaska for the
stand you took recently, and have been tak-
ing for a considerable time, against the Viet-
nam war.
As you continually point out, we are totally
in the wrong. Our involvement there is
blatant belligerence. This is a popular up-
rising against continued dictatorships with
foreign power behind them. The CIA for
too long a time has used that country as
their own "poaching grounds." And the U.S.
Army for too long has been using it as a
"testing ground" for their weapons and
tactics.
Everyone, however, seems to have over-
looked the continued toll on the Vietnamese
population. Why should these human be-
ings be slaughtered any longer?
Not all Americans are warmongers, and I
am certain that you have received other let-
ters thanking you for your lonely stand.
Needless to say I am aware of the virtual
news "blackout" imposed on the majority
of your speeches on this issue. If it weren't
for such fine journalists as Mr. I. F. Stone,
we would not be able to penetrate this
"blackout."
Keep up the good work.
Respectfully yours,
RAYMOND STAINGH.
BROOKLYN, N.Y.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MossE,
Senator ?from Oregon,
Senate Office Building.
DEAR SENATOR: I wish to thank you sin-
cerely for voicing your opposition to our poi.-
icy regarding Vietnam. I can see no valid
reason for our interference with, or in, the
affairs of southeast Asia.
President Johnson speaks of a limited war.
Facts show that when war begins there is no
knowing when and how it will end.
Please continue your outcry. We need you.
AaLTNE D. HAYS.
CLEVELAND, OHIO,
August 9, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: It required a tre-
mendous amount of courage for you to ex-
press opposition to granting President John-
son unlimited power against the North Viet-
namese. There is too much at stake in
trusting such colossal powers of worldwide
destruction to any man, let alone one who
doesn't even drive a car rationally.
If the facts were presented, they wouldn't
even justify our presence in South Vietnam
where we now have some 16,000 armed-to-
the-teeth advisers,
As I read the enclosed clipping I wondered
whether the chuckle was intentionally placed
where it so aptly fits.
Sincerely yours,
GEORGE FLICK,
'From the Cleveland (Ohio) Plain Dealer,
Aug. 7, 1964]
L.B.J. VIETNAM STAND OK'D BY CONGRESS
Wssnixpxox.?The House and Senate ap-
proved in quick succession today an emer-
gency Vietnam resolution upholding Presi-
dent Johnson in any "fight-if-we-must"
measures needed to counter Red aggression
in southeast Asia.
The House rollcall vote was 414 to 0.
The Senate vote, which sent the resolution
to the White House, was 88 to 2. The dis-
senting votes were cast by Senators WAYNE
MORSE, Democrat, of Oregon, and ERNEST
GRUENING, Democrat, of Alaska.
The resolution states that "the Congress
approves and supports the determination of
the President?as Commander in Chief?to
take all necessary measures to repel any
armed attack against the forces of the United
States and to prevent further aggression.
It was proposed to Congress Wednesday
after Johnson ordered U.S. carrier planes to
bomb North Vietnamese torpedo boat bases
which had sent out attackers against two
U.S. destroyers.
Only major opposition to the declaration
came from Senator WAYNE MORSE, Demo-
crat, of Oregon, who waged a delaying action
against the resolution in the Senate. House
passage came after a 40-minute debate.
MORSE, a sharp critic of the administra-
tion's policies in Vietnam, opened his attack
on the resolution with a speech last night.
He said, "No one can justify the (North Viet-
namese) PT boat attacks, but the fact that
the U.S. destroyer Maddox was relatively
close inshore when South Vietnamese planes
attacked some North Vietnamese islands
"was a well thought out military maneuver."
"If we had known that the South Viet-
namese were going to bomb the islands (last
Friday) we should not have had ships any-
where near the islands," he said. MORSE
contended that it was after the bombings
that the PT boats began pursuing the
Maddox.
The Senate Foreign Relations and Armed
Services Committees and the House Foreign
Affairs Committee overwhelmingly approved
the resolution yesterday.
AUGUST 8, 1964.
HON. SENATOR MORSE: In behalf of many
mothers, garment workers, we send you our
heartfelt greetings and thanks.
Stand up?as you do?for peace and life
for our children.
With gratitude,
ESTHER CARROLL.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have been follow-
ing your statements on Vietnam with the
greatest admiration for your uncommon
"commonsense" and courage. Your ability
to keep your head while others all around
you lose theirs in true "rugged individual-
ism" of the highest order.
I live in what I believe to be the,Nation's
largest cooperative apartment unit which
Is to house some 6 thousand families and
Is called Rochdale Village.
What I would like to do is personally to
put your views in every single household by
slipping a printed summary of your views
under each and every door or in the hands
of every household head here.
I would deem it a great service if you could
send me such a summary that I could have
copied somehow if you cannot send me your?
-
self several thousand copies for immediate
distribution.
As I realize no man in this country un-
derstands the importance of shedding some
light on this heated situation better than you
do, I await your reply in all confidence that
you will help me to help my country.
Thank you.
Very truly yours,
SONYA FINGER.
BROOKLINE, MASS.,
August 8, 1964.
18883
JAMAICA, N.Y.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You and Senator
ERNEST ORUENING are the only two men in
the Congress of the United States who, in
my opinion, see the grave situation in south-
east Asia in its proper perspective and are
willing and courageous enough to speak out
against the dangerous and deceptive foreign
policy of our Government. I know it must
be difficult to stand alone against the emo-
tionalism of false patriotism, but to do so
Is a measure of your intelligence, wisdom,
and integrity, which few men today are
privileged to share with you.
Only history (if there is a world and his-
tory is possible) will prove that men like
you are the true patriots who love our great
country and want to see it receive the proper
respect and admiration, which it can only
achieve through realistic attitudes toward
the needs of the peoples of the world who
look to us for help.
I take comfort in the fact that there are
at least two such distinguished men of prin-
ciple as you and Senator GauuNiNs in our
Congress. You represent the many thinking
people of our country. It is my hope that
your sanity will eventually prevail.
My congratulations to you and my best
wishes for success in your strivings.
Sincerely yours,
EDNA STEIN.
VENICE, CALIF.,
August 9, 1964.
President L. B. JOHNSON,
The White House,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I have been shocked
by your recent show of force action in the
Gulf of Tonkin. It seems to me that such
action could not be necesary if our preceding
action had been as reasonable as we were
led to believe it was.
I agree with Senator WAYNE MORSE who
has said that we have nothing to gain by
continuing "unilateral military action in
southeast Asia, unsanctioned by the United
Nations and unaccompanied by allies."
I urge that we take the matter to the
United. Nations and arrange to negotiate.
Most of all we want no tensions built up
that could lead to war. Peace requires re-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- SENATE August 13
Taxation of tension and this is what we want
to see throughout the world.
Very sincerely.
Mamma= P. hisuoNxv.
MORGAN HILL, CALTP.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We support you in
your stand against the terrible war in
Vietnam.
Sincerely yours,
BETTY ANDERSON.
MAHOPAC PALLS, N.Y.,
August 8, 1964.
U.S. Senator Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Moue: You have always
with good judgment stood with honor on
your own feet.
Our Government and our SAR Society
both need you, and need you very much.
Do keep up your good work. It is all that
can save the world from another state of
war.
My Gen. Israel Putnam chapter (Empire
State), Society EAR, well knows my objec-
tion to having us put on record as favoring
invasion of Cuba or any other country, and
I refuse to believe the majority of our mem-
bers are. so ignorant as to be warmongers.
No. I am not a doctor of medicine or law:
I am a plumber 82 years of age suffering
with a heart condition and arthritis, but
made most unhappy by the actions of our
warmongers.
The Bible states all men are liars, and
women. too. Wars, war after war, is proof
what we are.
We never learn.
We can be very proud of our Revolutionary
ancestors. My grandfather's grandfather,
Morris Earle, fought all through the war and
was a prisoner in the old sugarhouse prison
(Yonkers) 9 months, His brother, Peter,
was killed in the battle at Saratoga.
But we, too, must be men of honor and
courage, not puppets.
Sincerely,
&MPH= HENRY VRIELAND.
WYNNEWOOD, Pa.,
August 10, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Moue,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEnit SENATOR MORSE: I want to commend
you for your vote last week in opposition
to the President's resolution not only giving
him a blank check to enlarge the war in
southeast Asia, but expressing approval for
his action against North Vietnam.
We appreciate tremendously the courage
and insight into the possible dire con-
sequences shown by you and Senator
Gsuraersic. Although we heartily wish we
had 100 Senators with your vision, we are
glad we have at least 2, and hope you
will continue to work and write (your article
"Humpty Dumpty in Vietnam" in the Au-
gust "Progressive" is superb) for the earliest
possible settlement of the Pacific crisis,
Thank you.
Cordially yours,
MAILGARET FORSYTHE.
Atrouirr 9, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I sincerely commend
your voice of dissent in the actions of our
country in the North Vietnam crisis.
I, too, feel we were not justifted in our
actions there. It seems our country is fast
becoming a warring nation rather than the
great proponents for peace as has been .our
profession in the past.
Sure, our country must show itself to' be
great in the eyes of the smaller, uncommit-
ted nations of the world, bUt is this great-
ness, to murder the Vietcong in their own
land by such a trivial provocation? It's
surely time for men such u you and I to
ipeak out against our policies of war at the
drop of a hat.
I'm afraid many people do not really un-
derstand the gravity of a possibility of nu-
clear war and its consequences. My chil-
dren. your children, and even countless
Thousands of children of uninvolved nations
would be consumed, maimed, and left to a
hell such as we have never faced before.
God help us to see that peace will not
come from provoking war.
God will surely judge us for all innocent
blood we have spilled as a nation.
Thank you again for speaking out on a
subject which is in dire need of spokesmen.
You're truly a statesman in the sense that
we've not seen in many days.
God bless you.
HAROLD E. CORDELL, Jr.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF..
August 7, 1694.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
(The following is a copy of a telegram
which has been sent to Congressman BUR-
TON of San Francisco.)
"DEAR REPRESENTATIVE Boaron: Suppose a
newly elected President Gotewsree bad or-
dered the bombing of North Vietnam. We
would have vigorously opposed such action.
We cannot now allow fear of a ?mower=
victory to be translated into uncritical sup-
port of acts of brinkmanship on the part of
the Johnson administration. We want a pol-
icy aimed at a world in which freedom can
grow. We applaud the courage of Senator
Moue In challenging our present Vietnam
policy, and we ask you to help open the de-
bate in the House by: (1) plainly opposing
the extension of the war to the North, and
(2) urging an immediate reconvention of the
Geneva Conference to work for a peaceful
solution based on the principle of self-de-
termination.
"The recent events demonstrate the criti-
cal urgency for Americans to begin to heed
the call of Senator Putsarnier and George
Kerman to challenge the outworn myths of
the cold war era. Your actions on the floor
of the House in the coming weeks could be
of great importance in opening this crucial
discussion. The following is a partial list of
signers:daahr all Axelrod.
"Prof. Arthur K. Bierman, San Francisco
State College.
"John Burton, Democratic candidate, 20th
Assembly District.
"Rev. Harry J. Chuck, Jr., Cameron House.
"Rev. James M. Christensen. Presbyterian
Inner-City Council, Coleman Street. MD.
"Douglas Corbin.
"John David, Democratic candidate, 21st
Assembly District.
"K. R. G. Davis, director, San Francisco
Mine Troupe.
"John Dearman.
"Ed Dunn, vice chairman, San Francisco
Firefighters. Association.
"Prof. David Eakins, San Jose State College,
"Lawrence Fenlinghetti, City Lights Books.
"Rev. Frances Geddes.
"Asher Gordon, MD.
"Don Grimes.
"Paul Jacobs, Center for the Study of Dem-
ocratic Institutions.
"Rev. Andrew Juvinall, Hamilton Metho-
dist Church.
"Richard Liebis.
"Frank Marx.
"Mike Millen.
"Rev. William P. Miller, Methodist mis-
sion parrish.
'Prof. George Nononha.
"Gerald Rosenfield, MD.
"Robert Scheer, author.
"Rev. William Shirley.
"Marvin Stender, Democratic County Cen-
tral Committee.
"Prof. Jerrold Werthimer, San Francisco
State College.
"Tom V7Innett, assistant editor, the Lib-
eral Democrat."
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.,
August 10, 1964.
SINICILOT WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Sincere appreciation for your vote on Viet-
nam. Millions of mothers, like myself,
though inarticulate, are heartily in accord
with the stand you have taken.
MARY DONOVAN HAPGOOD.
WASHINGTON. D.C.,
August 11, 1964.
SellaLOr WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
I gratefully support your courageous stand
on Vietnam.
SYLVIA BAILEY,
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
August 10, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Our association endorses the principles in
Senate Joint Resolution 139 proposing con-
stitutional amendment relating to disability
of the President of the United States and
urges adoption of amendment embodying
those principles.
CATHRINE EDMONDSON,
President, National Association of
Women Lawyers.
HERSHEY. PA.,
August 11, 1964.
Senator WAYNE L. MORSE.
U.S. Senator from Oregon,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
HONORABLE SIR: Congratulations upon
your courage to speak out against involve-
ment in the warfare now raging in the rice
paddies and jungles of southeast Asia.
What a shame that more voices can't be
heard.
Respectfully.
EDWARD E. SHEARER.
MARTINSVILLE, VA.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We support your effort for a peaceful solu-
tion in Asia.
NOVOGRODSKY FAMILY.
NEW YORK. N.Y.,
August 8, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Report your stand for world peace and
your realistic American leadership.
Loma and EDITH VOGEL.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 8,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
My congratulations to you and to Senator
Grarennea for the position both of you took
In yesterday's resolution. If we would only
have a few more Senators like yourself we
might have had a little better and safe
world to live in. I'm sure that all the peace
loving people of the world are with you and
pray for your continued fight for the cause
of peace.
SIMON M. KAZARUS.
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1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
10; ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 10, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.:
. Support your stand on North Vietnam.
Proud to have you for an American with me.
Dr. and Mrs. BERNARD BRICKMAN,
BERKELEY, CAMP ,
August 10, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on courageous dissent in
recent Vietnam crisis. Proud to have sup-
ported you in 1958.
XL SNODGRASS.
COLOMA,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Keep up your magnificent fight. You
speak for more people than you think.
Mrs. C, E. KILLMIREW.
PITTSBURGH PA.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senator from Oregon,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Congratulations on the stand you and
Senator GRUENING have taken on Vietnam.
Please, no war.
Mrs. DORIS HERRON.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
August 10, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Please continue your
courageous stand for a negotiated peace in
Vietnam before it is too late.
Also prevail upon all our legislators and
President Johnson that the people of the
United States want peace, no matter how
long it takes to negotiate.
Thanking you, I am,
Sincerely yours,
Mrs. SAatin ANN MILLER.
SAN JOSE, CALIF.,
August?, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations on
your continuing fight for the just and honor-
able solution of the southeast Asian p-roblem.
There are millions of people in the United
States of America who agree with you and
they should all write to you and show you
how they feel. I hope they do.
It is so important that you continue your
fight as you have been doing because if your
forces in the country fail, this country is
surely going down the drain.
Yours respectively,
SHERMAN W. GRAVES.
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senator from Oregon.
Senator ERNEST GRUENING,
Senator from Alaska,
Washington, D.C.
Dear Mr. Senators: This letter is to com-
mend both of you for the stand you have
taken against the measure presented by the
President yesterday, giving him the absolute
right to take this country into war in any
part of the world, without any further con-
sent by Congress or the American people,
through their Congress.
We are unalterably opposed to the war in
South Vietnam, and neither do we believe
the assertions that there has been any ag-
gression there against American territory or
the American people. Neither South nor
North Vietnam are American territory nor is
the Gulf of Tonkin American. What is there
that we are defending, or against which there
has been aggression that concerns us?
We reiterate that we commend you for your
stand and thank you for your courage and
honesty in being the only ones in the Con-
gress to tell us the truth. We hope you will
continue to do so.
Sincerely yours,
Mr. and Mrs. B. C. RI.IDEN.
PARKTON, Mn.,
August 8, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: If we can refrain
from turning ourselves into nuclear dust, the
Nation will one day thank. you for your lone-
ly and courageous warnings against the ig-
norant and immoral policies we now blindly
follow in Vietnam. At present you will re-
ceive nothing for your stand but the vitu-
peration of the idiot right, and frowns of
the muddled middle, and the admonitions of
the laggard liberals.
I hope your dedication to sanity does not
cost you votes, though I am afraid it will;
but whatever the cost, you have spoken the
truth and the Nation will be in your debt.
Though not a constituent, I follow your
career with real interest, for yours is one of
the few creative voices in our Government.
It is unfortunate that even liberals do not
understand what you are trying to say about
southeast Asia or foreign aid; but keep talk-
ing, for the sake of history if for nothing
else. Let it not be said by future historians
that all Americans in the 1950's and 1960's
were blind to the disastrous course we often
take in foreign affairs.
Sincerely,
JOHN ROEMER III.
DAMASCUS, Mn.,
August 10, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. MORSE: I approve of your action
of voting against the measure declaring con-
fidence in the Executive actions in southeast
Asia on the basis of two considerations.
A true patriot is not a man who says, "My
country, right or wrong, my country." Rath-
er, he is a man who is willing to seek out the
right path for his country even when such
a search is unpopular. He is a man who real-
izes destruction awaits the country that con-
sistently chooses the wrong path and is will-
ing to declare publicly his convictions as to
what, in his mind, constitutes the right
course in a particular circumstance. Na-
tonal unity is admirable, but to purchase it
by national mindlessness toward a problem
confronting the Nation destroys its value.
This is illustrated time and again in Euro-
pean history: France was unified when it
destroyed itself in a needless war with Ger-
many_ in 1870, Germany was unified in 1939;
but in both nations the unity one built on
mindless pursuit of what a few men called
national destiny. It seems to me that you
considered fully the policy of our country in
southeast Asia, found it lacking, and conse-
quently voted against the measure of con-
fidence.
I further approve of your action on the
basis of subsequent happenings in the world.
I believe our violent action has provided a
pattern that many a nation can follow in
dealing with its problems in the near future.
Indeed, the Turkish Government is almost
mimicking our words in regard to its attacks
on Cyprus. It seems almost as if "limited
and fitting" military action can replace nego-
tiation as an instrument of national policy
using the U.S. actions in the Gulf of Tonkin
as an example. Furthermore, the suspension
of civil government in South Vietnam and
the shift of U.S. military power into that area
has probably delayed for a significant amount
of time the return of southeast Asia to a nor-
mal, nonmilitary, and peaceful condition.
Sincerely,
GILCIN MEADORS.
18885
WISCASSET, MAINE,
August 9, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: This IS just to say
"bravo," once again to your stand against
gunboat diplomacy in southeast Asia.
May your admirable efforts be rewarded.
Sincerely,
FANNY VENTADOUR.
TACOMA, WASH.,
August 9, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Mons%
U.S. Senate,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I Wish to congratu-
late you on your and Senator GRUENING'S po-
sition in voting "no" on the recent resolu-
tion regarding Vietnam.
The following from an Al' wire dispatch is
quoted from the Portland Reporter dated
Friday, August 7, 1964:
"MORSE told the Senate that as a fore-
runner to attacks on the U.S. destroyers there
was a known bombardment by South' Viet-
namese naval vessels on 'two North Viet-
namese islands within 3 to 5 or 6 miles of
the main coast of North Vietnam.' He said
the 'clear implication' of that incident was
that the U.S. Navy stood guard while the
shelling took place."
The above vital information was con-
veniently left out in the local papers as far
as I can determine. It looks like there was
goading being done.
With best wishes.
Very truly yours,
JOHN C. MIGDULA.
P.S.-1 am also in favor of getting rid of
most of the foreign aid and starting more
concentration and expansion of the Peace
Corps.
NEWARK, N.J.,
August 9, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. SENATOR: Congratulations on
your lone and courageous stand on Vietnam.
Enclosed is a copy of a letter which I have
sent to President Johnson.
May your inspiring voice long continue to
be heard in a free America.
Sincerely yours,
BERNARD H. DAVIDSON.
AUGUST 9, 1964.
President JOHNSON,
The White House,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: / respectfully submit
to you these observations on Vietnam.
I pray that negotiation will soon replace
belligerency and I believe that neutralization
of southeast Asia will ultimately prove to be
In the best interests of all.
Sincerely yours,
BERNARD H. DAVIDSON.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: While I am not one
of your constituents I do want to take this
opportunity, Sir, to thank you for one of the
few examples of intellectual honesty, de-
cency, and integrity, that I find in our Gov-
ernment today.
Many Americans like myself, feel that our
actions in many parts of the world and es-
pecially in southeast Asia, have been pro-
vocative rather than intelligent. That the
collective American nose, already overex-
tended, is being poked into corners where
It does not belong and with what will un-
doubtedly be painful results. And all this
under the demogogic banners of so-called
freedom, which apparently means merely
freedom for corrupt and inept regimes which
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18886 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ?SENATE August 13
we seem to have a penchant for supporting.
Like many, or should I say moat Ameri-
cans. I was always under the impression that
war was the most serious of matters Which
under our Constitution would be determined
by Congress and only after due deliberation.
I was not aware that today the normal
method is to have Mr. McNamara decide
what little -war he wants to start, secure the
Chief Executive's approval, and once action
has commenced, so advise Congress and se-
cure approval of that body by resolution.
In all candor I say, Sir, that I am at a loss
to understand what is happening in my
country. What can we individual citizens
do when every action we take seems to go
for nought? Must my sons be subjected to
another bloodletting such as I went through
in the past war? Truly. I am nauseated and
ashamed of the actions of our country in
the guise of battling communism.
My sincere regret, Senator MORSE, is that
we do not have more men of your caliber
representing us. Were It so. there would be
fewer ills in our land today. But anyway.
please accept my thanks for continuing to
express what / believe to be the true essence
of the American spirit.
Sincerely,
RaGINaw 3. NAHAS.
Dorms, Cativ.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, Dr.
DEMI SENATOR MORSE: We watched you and
listened to your wise comments on the
the "Today" show sometime ago. We have
always respected and admired you and wish
you were In a position to lead our country.
All world problems should be settled
around the conference table and in our opin-
ion settled by the Malted Nations. It is
hoped that the U.N. can be strengthened and
all international problems in their hand?
nations in this day will have to handle only
internal affairs and external affairs taken to
U.N.
Peaceful solutions must prevail.
We thank you for your hard work and the
hope you bring to all of us.
You are a man of courage and intelligence.
Sincerely,
MIL ALICE 3. CLARKE.
OAKLAND, CALIV.,
August 8, 1694.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Hort. SENATOR MORSE: We are so thankful
for your opposition to the United States
going to Vietnam. You are very correct in
your statements against this awful war. The
fact that our men are being killed and killing
the peoples of those countries is very horrible
to us. All of southeast Asia is many inde-
pendent nations. We must get out of there.
We must have a nonmilitary settlement.
We urge the reconvening of the 14 nation
Geneva Conference to implement a United
Nations settlement.
We are being hated all over the world.
The military must not be allowed to run our
country.
Respectfully yours.
Ham M. LINTON.
Russ= L. Li:wrote.
PURCELLWILLE, VA., August 9, 1964.
Senator Wasrrs MORSE.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Wass: Please accept this
commendation of your recent courageous
stand In regard to the crisis in Vietnam.
At a time when others are being led in their
actions by irresponsibility grounded in
pseudo-patriotic emotions, It is Indeed en-
couraging to hear at least one voice of reason
and reproach.
Let it be recorded in your records that the
author of this letter supports your views
concerning our position in southeast Asia.
I believe in the exigency of United Nations
participation in the area. I also believe as
you, that we are wrong in the actions of last
week, The question haunts me. When will
the foreign policies of our Nation be gov-
erned by a creative concern for the un-
fortunate peoples of underdeveloped coun-
tries instead of the expediency of stopping
an ideology which has the seeds of IM own
destruction within it?
I am not a member of any political or-
ganisation and represent only my awn point
of view on this matter. Whatever my opin-
ion may be worth to you is given In good
faith. Your acceptance will be appreciated.
Si ncerel y.
H. EUGENE MINNICK. Teacher.
LOSANGELIFS, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Dees SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for your
remarks on the Vietnam crisis. Yours were
the only sane. Intelligent, realistic words I
heard on the situation.
May I also register my support at the
Geneva Disarmament Conference for a treaty
to prohibit the spread of nuclear weapons.
Sincerely yours.
Mrs. Ernst M. &ruses.
Los ANGIZAS,
August 9, 1964.
Draft SENATOR MORSE: The following is a
copy of the letter I have written to Presi-
dent Johnson?
"DEA& PRESIDENT Joni-mom: Please end our
involvement in the war In South Vietnam.
I support Senator WAYNE Mortar's stand and
can only hope that you will act quickly.
"Sincerely yours.
Gratefully yours.
FLUSHING. N.Y.. August 6,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
HONORABLE Sur Congratulations upon the
stand you took in opposing the resolution on
Vietnam.
May I commend you for possessing the two
qualities which are grievously lacking on
our political scene today, courage and wis-
dom.
I respectfully urge you to continue your
efforts in behalf of sanity and reason to end
the war in Vietnam through negotiation and
the withdrawal of our troops.
Respectfully,
Mrs. ELLLIE PARTNOW.
PHILADELPILIA, PA.,
August 7, 1964.
SenfALOT WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
. Davi &Naxos Mostar: I wish to commend
you for your stand on the Vietnam issue. I
suspect that now you may be somewhat soli-
tary in this as everybody hops on the patri-
otic bandwagon. An article in the Progres-
sive which you wrote on the issue was most
illuminating, and I wondered how can one
move from there. Well, the answer is that
we have moved into a war. It seems to me
that some weeks ago the head of the South
Vietnam forces made a statement about
escalating into North Vietnam and taking on
China for good measure, this to broad grins
of American advisers according to the news
account I read. I wonder whether this was
a trial balloon. There is a sort of madness
in this whole affair, and I wonder how much
of this "brinkmanship" is still basic policy,
supported possibly by some of these war
games played by the Rand corporation so
that a thermonuclear war with Its millions
of dead is one of those calculated risks that
is essentially foisted on the people.
It is very difficult to stand fast in the cur-
rent situation. I can see the rightwing
extremists clamoring for still more military
involvement. Cuba, and then for good meas-
ures the U.S.S.R. It Is all quite frightening,
and I am proud of the fact that you still are
a voice of sanity in this mess.
Sincerely yours.
H. OTTO DAILLKE.
MAGNOLIA, N.J.,
August 6, 1964.
The Honorable WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations
on your stand in reference to the joint res-
olution to support President Johnson's ac-
tion In the North Vietnam. I agree with
your stand and with the enclosed open letter
to the President which appeared in the Phil-
adelphia Evening Bulletin on August 5.
We shall need all our strength to solve
our social and economic problems at home.
Yours truly.
LEONARD A. WESTMAN.
Attetras 8, 1964.
Se/ARUN WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington. D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I am enclosing a
copy of an advertisement placed in the Phil-
adelphia Evening Bulletin yesterday. It con-
tains the names of nearly 1,000 people who
support your position on this most explosive
Issue.
You are not talking to an empty wilder-
ness. You are giving all of us the courage to
speak and act in these most trying times.
Sincerely yours,
CAROLYN AQII/NO BERGER.
PELHAM, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR Mos: Several months ago,
commenting on the war in Vietnam, you as-
serted: "We should never have gone in. We
should never have stayed in. We should
get out." I am writing to tell you that I
agree completely with your statement. On
June 23 you told McNamara and Taylor that
"I am now convinced that the greatest threat
to the peace of the world is the United
States." At the time I was somewhat skepti-
cal. I am no longer skeptical; I am sure
that you are right.
It is unfortunate that your statements,
along with those of a couple of other Sena-
tors, are the only ones that have been criti-
cal of the belligerent foreign policies pur-
sued by the United States.
I do not think that the people of South
Vietnam are aided in? any way by the pres-
ence of our troops. I am sure that the
majority of our country's citizens are only
endangered by the reckless policies of the
warmongers who run our Government.
It is frightening to realize that I am at
the mercy of such irresponsible individuals.
I implore you to continue your efforts to
make the officials of our Government admit
that war is being waged in Vietnam to serve
the interests of a small number of selfish
individuals.
I wish that there were something that I
could do to help you, for I don't want to be
-annihilated because some people think that
they have to control the whole world.
Sincerely,
PAUL J. NYDEN,
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
ENGLEWOOD CLIFFS, N.J.,
August 7, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: This letter fiom me
is long overdue, I had intended to write you
long ago, but your vote today against the
President's resolution on Vietnam made me
realize my longstanding obligation. First
of all, in regards to your stand on the com-
nrunication satellite bill, I wish to compli-
ment you and your colleagues who stood
against this bill. I believe that eventually
the wisdom of your position will be obvious
to the majority of Americans. Second, re-
garding your stand against the Vietnam
resolution and war require admirable courage
and in this too, I believe, Americans will
eventually regard as correct. I only hope
that when this realization comes it will not
be too late. In these two issues you have
demonstrated a courage and honesty that
few possess. I am only sorry that, not being
from Oregon, I cannot say that I will vote
for you when you are up for reelection.
As long as I am writing you, I would like
to communicate my support for the House-
passed social security increase bill. I hope
that the Senate does not try to attach a
medicare rider. While favoring medicare, I
feel the passage of the present bill would
be seriously hampered with a medicare rider.
I also feel that Congressmen should be able
to express themselves on each issue sepa-
rately and if both are tied together this
would not be possible. Your consideration
of these views will be most appreciated.
Sincerely,
WALTER H. BOTHATIG.
LYNBROOK, LONG ISLAND, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
HONORABLE SENATOR MORSE: I support you
In your stand in regard to the Vietnamese
position. I believe our action in the Bay of
Tonkin is provocative.
I admire your outspoken manner and agree
with most all you have to say.
You consistently have the correct perspec-
tive on our foreign policy.
Yours truly,
SAMPSON ENGOREN.
OCEAN BEACH, N.Y.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
The Senate Office Building,
Washington D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: May I offer you my
heartfelt thanks for your courageous speech
critical of our attack on the North Vietnam
naval bases.
Yours was the voice of sanity calling for
restraint in international relations and a
reexamination of our entire policy in south-
east ,Asia, What I and many other citizens
fail to understand?and certainly the ad-
ministration has failed to clarify the situa-
tion?is why America must accept the sole
responsibility for maintaining peace' in a
good part of Indochina especially when the
. people of that unhappy region have not been
consulted as to whether they want our in-
tervention or not. The French, very wisely
I think, decided that the problem was too
much for them to go alone. Is this not the
time to urge the United Nations to attempt
to settle the problems that beset this
troubled region rather than by unilateral
action take ourselves into what may become
a disasterous war with over one-fifth of the
world's population?
I have the greatest admiration for Lyn-
don B. Johnson who I think will be one of
our most eminent Presidents but I must
confess that when I saw the headlines about
our Navy's action in Tonkin. Gulf for a
No. 155-28
moment I was convinced that BARRY GOLD-
WATER was in the White House and not L.B.J.
Cordially,
ARTHUR S. GREGOR.
Copies to Senator J. W. FULBRIGHT, Senate
Foreign Relations Committee, and Lyndon
B. Johnson, President of the United States,
ENGLEWOOD, N.J.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We Wish to endorse
wholeheartedly the position you have taken
in opposition to our Government's actions in
southeast Asia.
The recent escalation of the conflict
through the bombing of North Vietnam is
particularly alarming, and the attacks on our
destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin seem at
best to be an inadequate justification, and
at worst to be manufactured provocations.
A glance at a map indicates that, regard-
less of legal technicalities, the Gulf of Tonkin
can scarcely be described as being "the high
seas." Not so long ago, our Government
went to the brink of war when a neighboring
sovereign nation installed on its own territory
certain military equipment supplied by an
ally. We went so far as to intercept foreign
vessels on the high seas, and, at that time,
unlike the present, our Government was not
parading the principles for which we fought
the War of 1812. The only consistent factor
in our policies seems to be an increasing
bellicosity and reliance on naked force.
We greatly appreciate your courage and
forcefulness in combating this dangerous
and immoral trend.
Yours truly,
STEPHEN H. UNGER,
Mrs. MARION R. UNGER.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
August 5, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I am very pleased to see that
we still have a Senator who not only thinks
for himself but one who is not afraid to
act in the Legislature even when his is the
lone voice calling for sanity.
I had already sent the enclosed letter to
the Tribune when I read of your action in
the Senate and it warmed my heart to know
that a man like you had similar opinions.
Before I read of your action, or rather I
should say I heard of it in a newscast, I had
the feeling that everyone in the whole
country was blind and sick with the fear of
not conforming. If this country is that sick
in its thinking, then the danger of a nuclear
holocaust is very great. Thanks for helping
me look upon our Government with a little
renewed faith.
Very truly yours,
DAVID S. MITCHELL.
EAST ELMHURST, N.Y.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you very
much for standing up and saying loud and
clear what needs saying. Please keep speak-
ing as you have so that we may find a way
out of South Vietnam and not another
Korea.
You certainly have my support.
Sincerely, '
JOSEPH SHILL.
AUGUST 7, 1984.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: YOUT Voice and ef-
forts--and those of Senator GausHINc?are
the only sane ones in these profoundly dis-
turbing days of sheer madness. Shame on
those who for whatever insane reasons?
have gotten us into this mess is Asia. And
18887
who, it seems, will not rest happy until they
have catapulted the whole world into
devastating war. As you have said, if the
world survives, for 500 years we Americans
will bear the brunt of these crimes our lead-
ers are perpetrating in the "strange" name
of peace.
Sincerely,
RUTH V. FRIEDMAN.
GROTON, CONN.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: For many years I
have admired your courageous expression of
moral convictions in the face of everything
from disagreement to open hostility. Your
most current stand on our retaliatory action
in destroying the bases in North Vietnam is
a case in point.
As a Christian I cannot help but feel you
are right, unpopular thought the stand may
be. And I want you to know that you have
my good wishes and prayers in your contin-
uing struggle for peace, justice, and reason in
human affairs. "Blessed are ye when ye are
persecuted for righteousness sake."
Sincerely,
HARRIET M. BOWE.
CHICAGO, ILL.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
DEAR SIR: Continue to do your utmost for
preservation of peace in southeast Asia, and
expose the false charges of Pentagon mili-
tarists to justify aggression against Demo-
cratic Republic of Vietnam. Wish you suc-
cess in your pursuit of peace and better still
it is you MT. WAYNE MORSE who should be
candidate for the Presidency of the United
States.
Respectfully,
ZYGMUNT MORAWOSKI.
MIAMI, FLA.,
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senator of the United States,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: Your outspoken remarks about
the Vietnam affair have revived my faith in
us as a thinking nation.
Thank you for having the courage to speak
out?I have always wondered why it was
imperative for us to be there?or at least,
thought our motives were surely political
and that it was hypocritical to call it by any
other name?but when you hear no other
dissenting voices, you begin to feel very lone-
some and uneasy.
Poor little nation?forced to fight itself
and destroy itself, between two great powers.
Nuts.
But it was nice to hear someone else
speak out. Perhaps, if we truly use it, the
U.N. will help us more than Mr. U Thant
seems to think.
Thanks again.
Sincerely,
LOUISE M. MAURER.
LEXINGTON, Mass.;
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have many
things to do preparatory to leaving in a
couple of days for my first trip to Europe,
yet I must write to tell you how much I
admire and am grateful to you for being the
only Senator in the Chamber with any cour-
age and deep intelligence. You see through
the bottom, around, and project a situation.
and come up with a proposed solution that
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18888 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE August 13
?
always rings true, and then, best of an, you,
are not afraid to risk your career in order
to see that truth and justice prevail. Un-
fortunately, you are alone. However, please
keep it up?if it wern't for you, I'd feel like
giving it all up?just never reading a news-
paper again, etc.
Please keep it going: You are right?we
have no business in Vietnam. It seems a
situation like this is engineered before each
election. I was on the verge of resigning my
foolish seat on the Town Democratic Com-
mittee, but your lonely voice saved me.
What if you gave up? Keep making your-
self heard?however, if you could only get a
press agent who would see to it that your
views were publicized better.
Sorry for this emotional letter but I really
have been low since the new escapade in the
Vietnam gulf.
I'm so grateful to you however.
Thank you again.
Sincerely yours,
MARION COLEITA.
P.5.?Mr. Colette feels !same way.?M.C.
HOLLYWOOD, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR Moasz: We are deeply grate-
ful that you are able to say on the floor of
the Senate what I am sure many Americans
feel; that we are pursuing an immoral and
dangerous course in the Far East; that it is
clear that the U.S. Navy acted as provocateurs
and freebooters in an area they had no busi-
ness being. But I thought we had a man of
courage and forebearance in the White
House, not a pawn of the Pentagon. In one
rash moment he has hurt that image con-
siderably.
I agree; we must stop this senseless war
and turn our national capacity into some-
thing constructive for people everywhere.
Good luck, Senator, and make the airways
more often.
Sincerely,
R. E. SPENCER.
WILLINGBORO, N,J.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Moss,
Senate Office Building.
DEAR SENATOR: This is just to congratuate
you on your courageous stand against getting
us involved in war in Asia.
May you long be in a position to light for
Justice.
Respectfully yours,
Comiten E. Kauxicktarter.
Antos N. Kazotateet.
Nsw YORK, N.Y.
August 6, 1964.
?
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. MORSE: Please continue your
fight in trying to halt MoNamara's war in
Vietnam, and informing the public on the
truth.
Thank you.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senator,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR Szigaroa; Are we asking for
chaos? are we in need of destruction? are
we not human? Indeed, sir, it seems as
though peace amid our world's leaders
should be the top and foremost subject on
anyone's agenda.
But really, among our leaders of this day.
one wonders, and we should, there's so much
at risk. But why, Senator, why have we
so many knots that are united' Why so
many stones unturned? Are we not very deep
In Latin America; knee deep, in fact, also in
the Congo, Middle East, Cyprus, Taiwan, and
most important, it's waist deep In our own
domestic entanglement?
RUDOLPH VOGEL.
August 7, 1964.
Sir, are we lacking in general leadership.
Our diplomatic corps, are they in capable
hands, efficient in handling world affairs Are
we blind to possible outlets that could lead
to a peaceful solution, or do we care?
Were we not a bit hasty in the Tonkin
Gulf affair, responsive to a quick draw Were
we In reason in comparative to our American
way of thinking Surely the decisive order
to assemble our great forces in such a small
and inadequate area such as the Vietnam or
much leas the Saigon area, was indeed very
amateurish. Especially we Americans with
so much power forces, modern long-range
fighters and bombers with great striking
arms, updated radar equipment, plus eche-
lons of armed elements, all concentrated In
a limited and restricted area. This is, with-
out doubt, very poorly supervised. Indeed,
a similar sight was seen and commented by
most of our allies, when we "packed 'em in."
on the Florida Keys during the Cuban fiasco.
But sir, would world opinion alter our
leader's thinking You know as well as any-
one, that, opinions of our allies as well as
our adversaries is not as bipartisan as we
would think. Surely we must heed advice
from others, those that understand the
other's problems.
But sir, at stake possible lies our future,
and the investment of arms and hate in
South Africa, Latin America, Asia, and even
here in our own America, it must be a bread-
line, adequately supervised to deter world
destruction.
Please sir, make your strong move; we can-
not ignore the fact, even though we are not
In agreement with the opposite way of life,
we have the facilities which can produce
what the other countries are in great need,
we need the export of our machinery and
byproducts, in order that we as well as our
importers can work side by side, we need ties,
we need leaden, so that this troublesome old
world can and will survive.
Yours very truly.
Ross Curazaa,
Retired, U.S. Air Force.
ARLINGTON, VA.,
August 7, 1964.
H011. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for your
courage in shedding light on the situation
with regard to North Vietnam
Please continue to urge negotiations
around the conference table for settling the
present difficulties.
.Gratefully yours,
KATHRYN I. COOPER.
Auouirr 5, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We Saw you on TV.
We all agree with you.
You are carrying on in the tradition of old
Bob La Follette.
May you stand fast In your principles re-
gardless of what men like that "Wizard of
Ooze" DIRKSEN preach.
We have lived through three wars, each
one getting worse.
Sincerely,
Roasar G. BREHMER,
VIOLA BasHissa,
MRS. DONALD KLASSEN.
AUGUST 6, 1904.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I heard your reasons
for urging the United States to settle Viet-
nam at a peace conference and / must say
I would vote and follow your leadership as a
President or in any other leadership capac-
ity.
I trust your judgment, and it is sad how
little people like us do not know or hear
enough to understand these actions by our
Government.
/ was wounded twice in World War II and
still do not know why a lot of things hap-
pened then and also now. I hope to hear
you more as you always made sense to me.
Good luck.
Yours truly,
EDWARD J. BORZUCZEK.
P.S.?We need more people running this
country like you. Where do we find them?
And how do we put them in office? All the
rest are afraid of their own shadow,
Mrs. GLENNA PORZUCZEK.
CAPE GIRARDEAU, MO.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Your strong, clear,
and courageous statement on the southeast
Asia situation gave me immense gratitude
as it came yesterday via the television broad-
cast. All along, I've shared and rejoiced be-
cause of your attitude on the issue of our
Nation's policy and program there.
Truly yours,
Bart H. CLEAVER.
HORNBY ISLAND,
BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR Moasz: On this 20th anni-
versary of Hiroshima our thanks to you for
your courageous and determined stand
against further military involvement in Viet-
nam. You speak not only for the best in
America but also for all of us who work
for peace and understanding.
More power to your voice?I have written
President Johnson urging him to listen to
It?and to his own conscience, for humanity's
sake.
Yours for peace.
Mrs. BILES BROWN.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I Congratulate you for your cour-
ageous and outspoken stand with respect to
South Vietnam, Your recent statements con-
cerning the North Vietnam strikes are com-
pletely in accord with My feelings.
I deeply regret that I am denied the op-
portunity to vote for you. Your patriotism
is a "shining light" in the troubled Republic.
Best wishes.
EUGENE CHARLOP.
BROOKLYN, N.Y..
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE L. MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D .0 .
MY DEAR SENATOR: Thank God, we have
at least one sensible and sane voice in the
U.S. Senate today.
I have always agreed with your thinking
on our involvements in South Vietnam.
As a veteran of both World War II and
the Korean conflict, I have seen the results
of our aid in the Far East and the waste of
life and money in that area.
Senator MORSE, please continue to plea
your cause, you have more support than you
can imagine. We have spent too much time
and effort in the Far East and now we have
fallen into the trap that has been built by
the administration's stupidity over the past
years.
Again, many thanks Senator.
Very truly yours,
FRANK I. O'BRIEN.
LOMBARD, ILL.,
August 5, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Moass: Though I do not al-
ways agree wholeheartedly with the stands
you take, I want to say that I believe you
have the correct opinion about our part in
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the war in Vietnam. You have taken a
courageous stand.
What more can we? do to keep our country
from making the terrible error of continu-
ing in the path of war?
Sincerely,
Mrs. SARAH J .BEALL.
Sn..vEn Srnrne,'MD.,
August 1964;
_
Hon. LYNpON tSAINES JOHNSON,
President of the United States,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I know you did not
take us into Vietnam. But get us out.
It should always have been a United Na-
tions problem. It still should be. / have
greatly admired United Nations restraint?
in the Congo, in Cyprus.
The Democrats have already taken us into
two World Wars.
Must the Democrats, again as in Korea,
defer to the Republicans as peacemakers?
Unfortunately I may not be able to vote
in the coming election?only one possible
candidate, and he has great big feet of Viet-
nam clay.
I am guilty of having procrastinated far
too long in writing this letter. Senator
WAYNE Monsn and the 5,000 ministers share
my guilt of procrastination. God give us
peacemakers more militancy. While we
siesta the warmongers bestir themselves.
I'm afraid we may deserve what they beget.
Very sincerely,
, F. E. PEnnitrs.
(CC: Senator Monsn.)
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PITTSBURGH, PA.,
August 6, 1964.
HOD. WAYNE MORSE,
Senator from Oregon,
Washington, D.C.
DRAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you very
much for your vote on the congressional
resolution on the President's recent &alert
?in Vietnam. Yours is a refreshing voice in
the U.S. chamber of winds. Keep on fight-
ing.
Sincerely yours,
JOHN J. TOBIN, Jr.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.,
August 5,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: All I can say is,
Thank God for WAYNE MORSE. Your position
is positively right and sound. Keep up the
good fight?history will vindicate your stand.
Sincerely,
AN EnrifusrAexxo SUPPORTER.
ASHEVILLE, N.C.,
August 5, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Every citizen of the
United States is indebted to you for your
efforts to spare us the shame, the folly, and
the peril of this country's armed interven-
tion in southeast Asian affairs.
It strengthens my faith in our Government
that you are there in the Senate.
With deep appreciation.
Sincerely,
PAULA G. RESTER.
P.8.?/ am making an effort to get your
message to others; am writing Senators Jon-
DAN and ERVIN today.
This letter also to Senator GRITENING.
NEW Yoxix, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: Your position on Vietnam
has my complete support and your courage in
maintaining it has won my most sincere ad-
miration. Yesterday I was present at a rally
in memorial of the dropping of the atomic
boml? on Hiroshima. The message you sent
was read and very warmly received by the
large crowd. You are not alone in this
struggle.
I realize how easy it is to get popular sup-
port by playing the role of the strong man,
but the strength you have demonstrated is
of the highest sort. I know you will con-
tinue to exercise this strength and I will sup-
port you in any way possible. I plan to
write your name in for President in the forth-
coming election and if there is any other
way in which I can be of aid (including
campaign funds in the future) please let me
know.
Sincerely,
THOMAS M. MICIELOW.
JERSEY CITY, N.J.,
August 6, 1964,
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We are indebted to
you for the fine initiative, intellectual great-
ness, and extraordinary personal courage you
are displaying in reacting to the crisis in
southeast Asia. Your profound endeavor to
preserve the integrity of this Nation and
peace for the world deserves the enduring
gratitude of all people.
The pressures for aggressive military pos-
tures dismay us, for we wonder why men,
especially intelligent and responsible ones,
are so very much prepared to ignore the terri-
ble lessons so severely taught by ,the First
and Second World Wars and the Korean con-
flict.
Please continue your present efforts, for
they have historic significance and mag-
nificent moral value. They may even suc-
ceed in constructively arousing many of those
persons who fail to recognize the facts or are
victimized by the wave of warlike talk.
Respectfully,
Mr. and Mrs. JACOB H. JAFFE.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Gee, you are wonderful.
AUGUST 7, 1964.
ED.
SYOSSET, LONG ISLAND, N.Y.,
August 7,1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
God bless you.
BERNARD L. WINTER, D.D.S.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Heartfelt thanks to you from all peace-
loving Americans for your courageous stand
against aggression in Vietnam.
ANN S. HARRIS.
SANTA ROSA, Cmar.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Ma, MORSE: More power to you for
your dauntless stand on the Vietnam situa-
tion. I am sure you have the accord of mil-
lions of your fellow citizens.
Sincerely,
(Mrs.) LEONA D. SURRYHONE.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
August 7,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Thank you for your stand on the Vietnam
situation. It is encouraging to have one
person state the truth.
KATHERINE MARIOR.
18889
LONGVIEW, WASH.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
YOUR HONOR SENATOR MORSE: I agree with
you about South Vietnam. Most people I
speak with also agree with you. There will
be no war if we stay at home and allow each
nation to vote as it chooses, not as we
choose. I believe in defense, not aggression.
Let's use the United Nations.
Respectfully,
IONE RAEMER.
KENOSHA, Wis.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: What, if any, is the
limit of a Nation's paranoia? Six thousand
miles from home, our Navy "defends" itself
against the "aggression" of the people it is
operating against. It's as though we had
committed "aggression" in depth-bombing
Nazi U-boats off the Carolinas in 1941.
God be with you in your lonely fight for
sanity in the senatorial snakepit. If you
have any data you believe would be of value
against the current flood of war propaganda,
I'll be happy to try to place it in the local
papers.
Sincerely,
C. D. MEYER.
ALBANY, N.Y.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
SIRS: Again, all thoughtful and unbiased
citizens of the U.S.A. gratefully acknowledge
your courageous stand in regard to Laos, Viet-
nam, etc. The French rode the gravy train
over there for decades and got out after 7V2
years of warfare, we failed to extend help
then, so your insistence of the United Na-
tions' for a peaceful settlement is, or should
be the only answer. Let's get the hell out of
Vietnam.
J. J. CEBULA.
--
EVANSTON, ILL.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE: May I express my
appreciation and agreement with your
courageous and realistic statements on U.S.
foreign policy, especially on the current situ-
ation in Vietnam.
T. F. RICHARDSON.
--
BAY CITY MICH.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SIR:I wish to congratulate you Sir,
in regards to your statement and views on the
U.S. bombings in Vietnam.
It has been said "America is losing its
prestige," yet how can we be proud of the
many things we know are being done is
"wrong," abroad as well as here at home.
Others, as well as I, admire you greatly,
after seeing and hearing you on TV. I
would be proud to shake your hand. Wish
you were running for President.
Mrs. R. N. MACDONALD.
BLOOMINGTON, IND.,
August 6, 1964.
I wish to commend you for your position
on the Vietnam Crisis, A diplomatic settle-
ment through the UN or the Geneva Confer-
ence would be a better solution than war.
Mrs. MARIE C. MILLS.
CANTON, OHIO,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SIR: Watch out for Russia. Russia
would just love to get the United States and
China into a war, then after 3 or 4 years,
Russia would step in and take over.
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Be sure and keep an eye on Russia, they
are the people that would like to take over
the world.
We love our Nation, these United States,
don't let Russia suck us into anything.
Lot's of good luck, from a man that thinks
you, Mr. MORSE are tops.
Jona' R. WILSON.
PORT COLLINS, COLO.,
August 5, 1964.
Demi SENATOR MORSE: Yours is the refresh-
ing voice of reasoned and intelligent dissent
In these recent days and events in southeast
Asia and I hope that you will not cease to
raise the questions you have raised, express
the ideas you have expressed, and continue
to offer alternative courses of action and ap-
proaches to the situation, including the use
of the United Nations.
CHESTER F. Mcquraae.
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.,
August 6,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I applaud your stand
on our position in southeast Asia, particu-
larly Vietnam. We have nothing to gain
there but more trouble and financial and
military problems. I have written the Presi-
dent and my Senators about this. I hope
that you will continue to express your views
on these matters as there are many Ameri-
cans who agree with you.
Sincerely,
FRIED WEZEMA N.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 6,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: One Of the only
things that keeps me from going into a
complete state of depression about the events
in southeast Asia is your clear voice ringing
a note of sanity throughout the land. In
these awful times of managed news and shoot
first, ask questions later, it's a relief to know
that there's at least one person in Washing-
ton acting as guardian of my human, ma-
ternal interests.
Sincerely,
MTS. ETHEL LAKE.
CHICAGO, ILL.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You are about the
Only person in Washington that we can ap-
peal to for help in peaceably solving the con-
flict in south Vietnam. Please continue
trying to get our Government to stop inter-
ferring with faraway places where we are
not even wanted.
Sincerely,
Mrs. KOENIG.
WASHINGTON, Dz..
August 7, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Praise God that you
have the intelligence and morals and courage
to stand up in that legislative body and
speak up for truth and decency in our foreign
activities, and may Be bless you most richly.
I am not a Communist, I am opposed to
the wrongdoings of Communist countries,
and for exactly the same reasons I do not
approve of wrongs committed by my beloved
United States of America.
While accusing the Communists of
attempting to start a war to keep our wealthy
industrialists fat on will' orders, we not only
refuse to negotiate in good faith for peace.
but engage in provocative acts when things
begin to get quiet.
Anyone who doubts that Whizz-Bang
Johnson did not arrange this latest outrage
to boost his political stock and get the Re-
publicans off his neck IS unsophisticated
Indeed.
Sincerely,
RALPH D. BROWN.
MADISON, WIS.,
August 6, 1964.
U.S. Senator WAYNE MORSE.
Dees Sim: Many of our Madison friends
want you to know we are very pleased that
you have sense enough to stand as you do
against the 'U.S. attack on South and/or
North Vietnam. It seems to me that as a
peaceful Nation we are way out of line. I also
want to thank you and all others, who passed
the recent civil rights bill. I have suffered
racial prejudice all of my life. I would like to
think that maybe my two grandchildren may
have equal opportunity for housing, educa-
tion. jobs. and the good life the United States
offers to all.
Thank you.
MTS. STANLEY SHIVERS.
LITTLE NECK. N.Y..
August 6, 1964.
HONORABLE SIB: I say: Get U.S. ships out of
the Gulf of Tonkin.
Get U.S. troops out of South Vietnam.
Respectfully yours,
J. J. STERNBACH.
Rocxvn.LE, MD..
August 6, 1964.
When executive control. White House con-
trol, of the Senate has reached a point where
there is almost unanimous approval of
moving in on French Indochina as a symbol
of U.S. freedom from the obligation to ob-
serve international agreements which we have
signed. This Nation has demonstrated not
its ability to lead but its insanity.
MARGARET BUTCHER.
HAMPTON, CONN.,
August 8, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Even before reading
your article in the last Progressive. I was in
agreement with your stand on our presence
in South Vietnam. To me, you and Senator
GRUENING are right. I have a son working
in Laos for IV5 and have been in southeast
Asia within the year. I know something of
the problems we fact out there.
Now, Senator DODD, my Senator, has the
opposite point of view from yours. He de-
mands that we carry the war to North Viet-
nam. I believe he is sincere in thinking this
to be the proper course for the United States,
but I also believe he is dead wrong. We
shouldn't be in southeast Asia at all. What
can I. an ordinary voter, do to help get us
out of a mess that promises to become an-
other Korea (or worse), and to which there
is no end in sight? Has the thing gone so
far that we are powerless to do anything but
watch the interplay of events over which we
have a good deal less than complete control?
I will appreciate any suggestions you can
give me and am willing to do some work if
there is any chance of changing the frighten-
ing course we are now committed to.
Sincerely yours.
Lentraea F. HOLMES.
MILWAUKEE, WL9.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
DEAR SENATOR: Thank God we have at least
one man in the U.S. Senate with guts enough
to stand up against the war hawks (shades
of La Follette) .
I think it was a put-up job from begin-
ning to?What?
South Vietnam said last week we were
going to attack the North Vietnamese so a
reason had to be arranged. After all, we are
the good guys and wouldn't dare stand before
the world as the armed aggressors.
But I say that is exactly what we are and
our tactics have been exactly the same as the
Germans and Italians in Spain and the Jape
In China.
Johnson acts like a patsy for the deal
Dulles and old Ike set up and Kennedy
furthered.
If communism disappeared from the earth,
we'd find some reason to further employ-
ment and keep this Nation from going into
a tailspin.
What would the little brass hats do with
all their dear little missiles if they can't
bomb hell out of the world?
I'm afraid they have jumped into a red
hot pan and it could burn us more than
some of the others.
I hope others show forbearance, as they
have so far.
Nostradamus said "the Eagle of the West
will stand before the world without one
friend." Are we there right now? Thanks
for you anyway. Hope there are more in
this Nation.
MIR. GLADYS LITTLEFIELD.
COOPERATIVE COMMUNITY
BUILDERS, INC.,
St. Petersburg, Fla., August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE Moium
U.S. Senator,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: I want to thank you and
congratulate you for your courageous, wise,
and statesmanlike stand on the Vietnam
situation.
/ thought that you would like to have the
enclosed report.
Success and more power to you.
Sincerely,
J. R. COTTON.
New Tome, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Bravo. Bless you
for voting against U.S. involvement in Viet-
nam as you stated not one American boy's
life is worth losing.
There are no Russian or Chinese soldiers in
South Vietnam. only American soldiers.
One million dollars a day down the drain,
for war 10,000 miles away from home.
U.S. Beet has been protecting Formosa and
Chiang Kai-shek for a long time. Why?
Beat wishes.
Respectfully.
M. MILLER.
EAST NORWICH, N.Y.,
August 8, 1984.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
WaslUngton, D.C.
DEAR Sm: I support your courageous
stand on the resolution. By your one lone
voice you are keeping a semblance of free
inquiry and healthy criticism of our Gov-
ernment's actions. I for one am skeptical of
our Government's pronouncements. I would
like to know more. When my Government
is trigger happy in defending two "demo-
cratically elected South Vietnam regimes"
like the Diem and Khanh governments as
representative of the free world, I say "let's
take a look."
Yours truly.
H. SARAVAY.
CHICAGO, ILL.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I wanted to con-
gratulate you for your courageous and sen-
sible stand on the deteriorating situation in
Southeast Asia. Unfortunately, your re-
marks got little press attention, but this is
symptomatic of the same malady that grips
Congress?with yourself and one or two
others, at great personal political risk, strug-
gling against the mounting pressures toward
war.
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CONGRESSIoN A
r RICORII0s? SZNWTE
Please continue your efforts for peace and
reason. There are so few clear and sensible
voices around, it is frightening. The coun-
try owes you its thanks, but I am afraid you
will get its wrath.
Thank you again.
Respectfully,
BERNARD A. KATZ.
EVANSTON, ILL.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations on
your stand on Vietnam. It is just too bad
that we do not have more men in your posi-
tion with this opinion. Peace cannot be
obtained through military force, but by sit-
ting down at the conference table and
negotiating our difficulties.
Keep up your good work. You do not
stand alone.
Yours very truly,
HENRY ADAMOWICZ.
PALO ALTO, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I wish to thank you
for taking your brave and lonely stand on
the Senate floor in opposing McNamara's
policy of carrying the war to the North in
Vietnam.
I think that it is especially valuable that
you again remind everyone that we are in
Vietnam to impose by force, a government of
our choosing. This is something that is not
often mentioned in the press.
I am sorry only that I do not live in Ore-
gon, so I could show my appreciation directly
at election time.
Yours sincerely,
RUSSELL TARG.
JACKSON HEIGHTS, N.Y.,
? August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Committee on Foreign Relations,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: It gives me pleasure
to congratulate you as Senator con amore.
Only you and Senator GRUENING had the guts
to say what you believe.
We are at war.
At this writing, the de facto policy of
Washington has become "the worst until the
next." Congress and the administration are
getting out on a limb?farther and farther?
until there is no retreat but ignominy.
Chinese have been scratching and strug-
gling to move into the 20th century ever
since they molted and shed their pigtails, in-
spired by Sun Yat Sen?I am not sure of the
spelling, and am too lazy to look it up.
Meanwhile, beheld as an idol, we harassed
them and their aspirations, losing a friend
and acquiring an enemy.
State has been ignoring a revolution un-
derway for at least a half century. Why
ignore it?
Respectfully yours,
WALTER HANLEY.
ST. PAUL, MINN.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have not ventured
to write to you before, but I have kept your
March 4, 1964 statement on our involvement
in South Vietnam in mind, and have the
deepest appreciation of your position, and
have spoken out on my agreement with it,
and have found much agreement from others.
When this present Crisis flared up and
threatened further involvement I sort of
held my breath waiting for what Senator
MORSE would say, since I have not changed
my position but it becomes a rather more
difficult one to hold. And when your brief
remarks come over TV I was not disappointed
but greatly heartened, and I have written to
the President and my own Senators saying
there can be no military solution to peace in
Vietnam and asking for disengagement; and
full debate in the U.N. General Assembly.
Do you have excerpts from your speeches
on this matter in the Senate, that you could
send me? I would like to have them to show
others.
What do you think should be done now to
get that critical situation cooled off, and
avert the culmination of the tragic threat
to world peace? Do you have a suggestion
for action? I would like to say, "get out?we
shouldn't have been there," but that advice
isn't going to be heeded right now, so what
should one say and do to defend the peace?
Yours truly, with appreciation,
ROSE RENAUD.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
RESPECTED SIR: I pray God your sane rea-
soning may save us from another miserable
war. At 68 years of age this would be the
fourth. Korea was a war.
On the radio today I heard an English
general give a most enlightening laugh when
he said, his country had troops in so and
so, the United States had advisers.
To tell our dull people that we were party
to splitting up these countries. The part we
do not control becomes Reds.
Tell them had we been victims of such a
happenstance, New York East would be good
fine folk we controlled, New York West
would become "Red." Uncle John's family
Would become enemy to Uncle Bill's family
even though they had loved each other
deeply. You cannot imagine how many peo-
ple do not know this. The white collar man
is the most lost. He has his two cars, two
mortgages, two side neighbors, his little cage
of quiet desperation. I worry for my poor
grandchildren.
Sincerely,
Mrs. GRACE MCCLOSKEY REINHART.
BEVERLY HILLS, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I wish to congratu-
late you on your courageous stand on the
Vietnam situation. Yours is a welcome
voice of reason, and your recommendations
are intelligent and show much more under-
standing of the situation than our leaders
have thus far demonstrated.
I only wish you had more people in this
administration on your side, although maybe
you do, but they are not as brave as you
and therefore do not speak out.
By your actions in speaking out, you have
given real meaning to the concept of free-
dom of speech, and I fervently hope you will
continue to be outspoken and will not be
silenced on this or any other issue. Thank
you.
Very truly yours,
Mrs. LEILA BROWNFIELD.
MARYSVILLE, KANS.,
August 5, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We agree with your
opinion regarding the recent crisis with
North Vietnam.
Sincerely,
Mr. and Mrs. CALVIN J. KING.
ACRE MUSIC CENTER,
Anchorage, Alaska, August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: This is to let you know that I
think your stand on Vietnam is absolutely
correct.
I also want to thank you for your many
years of service in behalf of reason and
decency.
Yours truly,
ALBERT ACRE.
SWARTHMORE, PA.,
August 7, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations On
your continued stand against the war in
Vietnam. Keep up the good work.
Enclosed is a copy of a petition to Presi-
dent Johnson which you may be interested
in. It appeared in the Philadelphia Evening
Bulletin on August 6.
Sincerely,
Mrs. ESTHER ROSENBERG.
AN OPEN LETTER TO PRESIDENT JOHNSON ON
THE WAR IN VIETNAM
WE ARE ENGAGED IN A HOPELESS STRUGGLE IN
SOUTH VIETNAM
Americans are dying while serving as
"military advisers" to a U.S. financed and
reluctant South Vietnamese Army. We are
sending our sons to die to prop up a suc-
cession of governments unsupported by their
own people.
We cannot win this war no matter how
many men we send or how much money we
spend. If we expand it we run the risk of
blowing it up into a nuclear war.
LET US LEARN FROM HISTORY
During 9 years of warfare in Vietnam the
French suffered 210,000 casualties. Despite
billions of dollars in U.S. aid, the French
surrendered at Dien Bien Phu was a half-
million troops still under their command.
THE SOUTHEAST ASIAN PROBLEM CALLS FOR
A POLITICAL SOLUTION?NOT GUNS AND
BOMBS
The confrontation of the parties involved
should be around a conference table, not in
jungle undergrowth or in muddy fields.
THERE IS A UNITED NATIONS AND A GENEVA
CONFERENCE IN WHOSE JURISDICTION THIS
BELONGS
"There has never been any other way out
of the dead-end street in southeast Asia ex-
cept to make a political settlement, to con-
struct international machinery, and to ex-
ert what influence we can by underwriting
them." (Walter Lippmann, May 28, 1964.)
(If you agree with the above statement
please add your name and mail to President
Lyndon B. Johnson, White House, Washing-
ton, D.C.)
SIGNERS
Mildred E. Adams, David Adsen, Evelyn
Albert, Elizabeth Alburger, Anne Alexander,
Lawrence Alexander, Evelyn Alloy, Diane Am-
erotic?, Ida Apfelbaum, James Amory, Sarah
T. Amos, Marjorie Anderson, Mr. and Mrs.
Bent Andresen, Dorothy Argupos, Edward
Arian, Dr. and Mrs. John H. Arnett, Mr. and
Mrs. Oscar Arost, Nancy Kelly Ashton, Helen
Kirk Atkinson, F. W. Austin, Gladys Austin,
Dr. and Mrs. Budd B. Axelrod, Elsie fuller,
Dr. Nejat Aydin, Jennie Bachrach, Mrs. Ellis
W. Bacon, Dorothy Baker, Edna C. Baker,
Mr. and Mrs. Percy Baker, John Balaban,
Bertha Balderston, Laura Lambert Bannister,
Ti. B. Parrish, Harriet Barron, Dr. F. Lewis
Bartlett, Elizabeth Bartram, Thomas S. Bart-
ram, Margaret D. Bertram, Mr. and Mrs.
Franklin Baruch, Esther Beldy, David Bell,
Mrs. Jean Bellow, Dorothy G. Belmont, Es-
ther Belay, Sarah B. Benamy, Mr. and Mrs.
Max Berg, J. Malvern Benjamin, Jr., Ruth F,.
Berger, Mr. and Mrs. Daniel Berger, Herbert
C. Bergstrom, Peter Bernard, Tillie R. Bern-
stein, Ann Berthoff.
Mr. and Mrs. A. Berthoff, Mark Bilk, Mr.
and Mrs. S. Bitters, Evelyn Blackman, Mr.
and Mrs. E. Allan Blair, Paul Blanshard, Jr.,
Mr. and Mrs. Peter Block, Sidney Bloom, Mr.
and Mrs. John L. Bloom, Mr. and Mrs.
Blum, Marjorie F. Blumberg, Yvonne Bobro-
wicz, Mr. and Mrs. Dark Bocide, Mitzi Bogus-
sky, R. R. Ridgely Bolgiano, Conrad F. Bond,
May Bond, Mrs. J. Borenstein, D. Boyarin, S.
Breit, Leila J. Brand, Mrs. Simma Brandow,
Theodore Brandow, Julian Braude, Mrs.
Louis H. Bressen, Bernard Brickman, Frank-
lin Briggs, Janis Brodie, Michael Brodie,
Grace G. Broomall, Jeanette T. Broomall,
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18892 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SENATE
Anne Brown, Cele Brown, Elvira Brown, Mr.
and Mrs. J. L. Brown, Leon Brown, Louis
Brown, Laurence Browne, Vera M. Browne,
Mrs. Jean Bryant, C. Rex Aulley, Ann Guth-
Ins Bulling, Anneliese Sutkind Bulling, Mrs.
Peggy Bunberry, Freda J. Burke, Norman
Bush, Mary Bye, Catharine Cadbury, Emma
Cadbury, Mr. and Mrs. Abe Caesar, Margery
T. Calvert, Robert S. Camburn.
Mr. and Mrs. Robert Carnmer, Dr. and Mrs.
Wm. P. Camp, Bertha Campbell, William
Campbell, Fannie Caplan, Lydia Carlin, Ruth
N. Carlin, Lucy Carner, Mary G. Cary, An-
thony Castillo, Ruth. Chait, Marcel Challier,
John L. Chariness, Harold J. Chance, Hanna
Cherry, Mr. and Mrs. L. V. Cherry, K. A.
Cheyney, Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Chambers, Dr.
and Mrs. R. J. Chodoff, Pearl Clayner, Mar-
gareta L. Clemens, Barbara R. Clement, Wil-
liam Cleveland, Reuben Close, Walter F.
Cluid, Mr. and Mrs. Forrest Coburn, Bernard
D. Cohan, Irene S. Cohan, Dr. and Mrs. David
J. Cohen, Mary Cohen, Thelma Cohn, Rae
Cohn, Adele Coleman, Roberta Coleman, Mrs.
Arthur L. Collins, Moyer Collinson, Nancy
Collinson, Edith J. Comfort, Emily Conlon,
Helen Cook.
Prof. E. A. Gutkind, Sylvia Gutlohn, Theo-
dore Hallman, Grace D. Halter, John C. Ham-
ell, Marian R. Hamilton, Bessie Hammer,
Patricia Hannon, Robert Hansell, Zelda Han-
sel], Richard E. Harlon, Robin Harper, Louis
Harrington, Matilda Harrington, Mr. and
Mrs. Pierson Harris, Jr., Louise D. Hart, Syl-
via Hartenbaum, Venette Hartman, Wilton
E. Hartzler, Melvin M. Harvey, Philip Hass-
rick, Robin R. Hassrick, Dr. and Mrs. David A.
Hausman, Mary Haussermann, Bill Havens,
Joseph Havens, Lucia Havens, A. W. Haynes,
G. E. Haynes, Howard K. Hays, Esther Hea-
cock, Priscilla Heacock, Eleanor Ream, Helen
C. Heller, Edith Herb, Alyson Herbine, Mr.
and Mrs. L. Herlick, Ethel B. Hibbert, Celes-
tine Hill, Theodore Hill, Virginia Hill, Bar-
bara Hinchcliff, Maud Hines, Enz. and Robt.
Ho, Ruth Hoepfner, Isadore M. Hofferman,
Anne E. Hoffman, Claire W. Hoffman, Nor-
man C. Roffman, Sol Hoffman, Ethel Rollin,
Frank Hollin.
Irving Hollingshead, Jr., Jennifer Hollings-
head, Lillian Holmes, J. Hopple, Marilyn B.
Horen, Mary Horns, Sylvia Horowitz, Robert
Horton, Katherine Horton, Ann B. Houston,
William Hubben, Peter Huegel, Mrs. Alfred
R. Hunter, Sr., Bess Hurwitz, Mr. and Mrs.
Spencer Huslk, Dorothy Hutchinson, Cath-
erine Huntington, Henry S. Huntington,
Libby Haynes Hyman, Raymond Hyman, M.
Constance Hyslop, Mrs. B. W. Ingber, Clarissa
B. Ingle, Emnia Issel, Max laser, Dr. Mabel
C. Jackson, Bessie Jacobs, Gertrude Jacobs,
Mr. and Mrs. J. L. Jensen, Jr., Augustine
Jetter, Margery John, Dorothy Johnson, Edith
Warner Johnson, Mrs. John M. Johnstone,
Mr. and Mrs. Edward M. Jones, Alice Kalman,
Ruth S. Kaplan, Samuel Kaplan, Stephanie
J. Kaplan, Mr. and Mrs. M. Katz, Mr. and
Mrs. Geo. Kauffman, Ellen Sue Kaufman,
Karen Kehos, Alice Keighton, James Keigh-
ton, David Keiser, Marjorie Keiser, Anne Ken-
in, Helen E. Kennedy.
Stanwood Kenyon, William J. Kerr, Rose
Kessler, Dr. and Mrs. B. B. Kimmelman,
Renee B. Kimmich, Elsie Kirk, Jeffery Kirk,
Florence Kite, Dr. Lee Klein, Mr. and Mrs.
Fred F. Klett, Mr. and Mrs. I. R. Klingsberg,
Paul Klingsberg, Marion Klugman, Harriet
and Thos. Knight, Bettie F. Knox, Jr., Mr.
and Mrs. Reed Knox, Jr., Leo.nore Koehler,
Louise Koszalka, Hideko Kounosu Mr. and
Mrs. Jos. M. Krause, Margaret Y. Krausz, Bea
Kravinsky, Dr. and Mrs. Victor Kremens,
Donald Kripke, Bernice Kuhn, Estelle Kulick,
Mr. and Mrs. James Kunkle, Shelia Kuzma,
P. Labovitz, Tim Lachman, Emma Jane
Lafetra, Gertrude G. Lafore, Diane Laison,
George Lakey, Esther. Landan, Bess Lane,
Ann Z. Landis, Charles Lang, Vivien Lang,
Ida Langman, May Lapin.
Paul M. Cope, Jr., Dorothy Corman, Mr.
and Mrs. S. Corenswit, Betty Corry, John
Corry, Mr. and Mrs. Elwood Cronk, Leonard
E. Crooke, Victoria S. Creed, Dr. and Mrs. A.
H. Cristol, Nancy Crosby, Phoebe Crosby,
Sylvia G. Croll, Leif A. Dahl, Carl E. Dahl-
green, Celia Daldy, Dr. and -Mrs. Neil Dell
Daniels, Jean Darnal3y, Mr. and Mrs. E. L.
Darnell, Dr. and Mrs. Robert Davidon, Dr.
and Mrs. William C. Davidon, Claire S. David-
son, Jo Davis, Ruth Deacon, Brucya Dedin-
sky, Robert Defuccio, Elaine De Marco, Don
De Vault, Jeanette De Vault, Mr. and Mrs.
Fred DeVan, Charles De Voe, Tillie Diamond,
Josephine Dirvin, Mrs. William Dobkin,
Marian Dockhorn, Ada M. Dolan, Jean W.
Dole, Mrs. R. K. Dorfman, Elizabeth Douglas,
F. Douglas, John M. Downie, Henry Dropkin,
Richard B. Du Boff, Frances M. Dubois, Ann
H. Duffield, James Dugan, Ruth Dugan, Mar-
garet L. Duncan, Mary M. Edwards, Mr. and
Mrs. A. Egnal, Ione Eh:rich.
Reese Ehmer, Rebecca P. Elliott, Gerald
Ensiol, Mrs. Morris Escoll, Kathryn B. Etris,
A. L. Evans, Eleanor Evans, Mr. and Mrs. J.
Morris Evans, Lauretta Evans, Mr. and Mrs.
L. Eveley, Esther Eyer, Robert 1Vt. Eyer, Har-
riet Fahey, Mrs. Florence Farntun, Mr. and
Mrs. Jacob Farber, Miss Elizabeth Farr,
Bertha B. Faust, Elizabeth Fawcett, Mr. and
Mrs. Milton Feldman, Mr. and Mrs. Seymour
S. Fels, George L. Fernsler, Jr., Margaret Field,
Bess Fischbein, Douglas S. Fischer, Marion S.
Fischer, William F. Fischer, Jr., Frederick
Fisher, Mary T. Fisher, A. Lidie Fite, Mary
Jane Flaith, Ruth H. Flick, Etta Forsythe,
Margaret Forsythe, Ellen Foster, Felicia
Foulkes, Albert V. Fowler, Eleanor Fowler,
Helen W. Fowler, Mary J. Francis, Marion
P. Frazier, Gordon L. Fredendall, Pearl L.
Fredendall, Barry M. Freeman, Rose Fried,
Florence Freund, Betty Friedmann, Sylvia
Friedland, Ella Friedman, Robert Friedmann,
Gertrude Fuchs, Andree Fury, Doris Gaines,
Joan Ganz, Beatrice Garber.
Mr. and Mr. Ernest Gardner, John Gard-
ner, Tom Gardner,- Ruth H. Gefvert, Nicola
Geiger, Lawrence H. Geller, Ertna Gerlach,
Eileen S. Gersh, Marie Glantz, Louise Gil-
bert, Ruth Ann Gold, Mrs. Gloria Goldberg,
Dr. and Mrs. Martin Goldberg, E. Goldman,
Claire Goldstein, Lester Goldstein, Norma
Goldstein, Renee B. Goldstein, Stephen F.
Golth, August Gonzalez, Jean W. Gonzalez,
Ann E. Goodman, I. M. Goodman, Dr. and
Mrs. Sol Gordon, Elizabeth Gosfleld, Mr. and
Mrs. E. H. Gosfield, Dorothy Gould, Miss
Charlotte Grant, Fried'a Gratzon, Mrs. H.
Green, Mrs. Evelyn Green, Margaret E. Green,
Mildred Greenberg, Frances Greenspan, Dr.
Sidney Greenstein, Eleanor Greenwald, Mr.
and Mrs. J. Greenwald, Helen Griffin, Doro-
thy Grobman, Porter Groff, Ruth Groff,
Elaine B. Grossman.
Judith Shouse, Elwood R. Showell, Dr. and
Mrs. Philip Shtasel, Hedvah Shuchman,
Catherine Sidwell, Rollin Sidwell, Frances
Silveri, Katherine W. Simons, Beatrice Sin-
clair, Dale Sinclair, David Sinclair, Caroline
A. Slotter, Florence Smith, James J. Smith,
Marion Smith, Ruth Smith, Philip W. Smith,
Inge Snipes, Harry Snyderman, Sydney Sny-
derman, Mildred Soast, Faye Soffen, Betsy
Solomon, Fay P. Solomon, Joan Solomon,
Larry Solomon, Mildred Solomon, David
Spector, Elaine Spector. Elizabeth Spitzer,
Jules Splaver, Lois Stanton, W. M. Stanton,
Sr., Emmy Steiner, Ida Si,aller, Ternma Stark,
Lena Starobin, Janet Stevens, Anne Stewart,
Ethel Stewart, Alexander Strachan, Allen
Strasburger, Richard Stra,sburger, Dorothy
Strasburger, Dr. and . Mrs. Richard H.
Stucklem.
Katherine Stratton, Diane M. Super, Mr.
and Mrs. Bernard Subin, Beaumont M. Sykes,
Lillian Talbot, Joseph Tanda, Deborah H.
Taylor, Elizabeth Taylor, Frances Taylor, Mr.
and Mrs. Thomas Taylor, Jr., Mr. and Mrs.
Thomas T. Taylor, Mr. and Mrs. William Tay-
lor, Mr. and Mrs. H. M. Terrell, Jr., Nancy S.
Terrell, Loren E. Tesdell, Margaret S. Tesdell,
Harriet Thall, Ninesteil Theomina, Mrs. Eliot
Thomas, Edward Thomas, Evan W. Thomas,
August 13
Sophia Thomas, Ann Newlin Thompson, Mar-
jorie L. Thompson, May Tisa, Mrs. Fridtjof
Tobiessen, Mrs. Ada Toll, Mr. and Mrs. H.
Tomlinson, Marjorie C. Toomer, Mrs. Paul
Touruier, Ruth Trimble, Willard Uphaus,
Betty Uphoff, Frank B. Uphoff, Mr. and Mrs.
Andries Van Dam, Betty Pennell Vander-
water, Doris Van Doren, Mrs. R. Venturi,
Robert Venturi, Christine J. Vollker, Lillian
Volusher, Simon Volusher, Edna Wagner,
Edith Wallace, Candle Wallace, Susan Tatum
Wallace, Mildred Walton, George A. Walton,
Walter M. Walton, Grace W. Waring, Louis
Waronker.
Sandra Warren, Arthur H. Washburn, Lucy
Waters, Katharine B. Way, Robert M. Way,
Jean Patterson Weber, Michael H. Weber,
Everhard Webster, Holley Webster, Hannah
Weiman, Judith Weinberg, B. Weiner, Marie
Weinman, Mrs. Clara Weiner, Betty Weiss,
E. P. Welch, Hope Welker, Robert Welker,
Milton Werrin, Nola Wharton, Wilhelmina
Whiley, Mildred Whitney, Gustav K. Wieneke,
A. Wilder, Clayda I. Williams, Arlene Wil-
liams, Margaret R. Williams, Dagmar Wilson,
Helen Wilson, Dr. and Mrs. Edward Winheld,
Mrs. Walter Wolfe, Frank B. Wolff, Elizabeth
Wood, Diana Woodruff, Susan V. Worrell,
Marjorie Woznicki, Vivien Wyatt, Mr. and
Mrs. D. R. Yarnell, Margaret Yarrow, Mrs.
Helen Yoskowitz, Edith Elliott Young, Mr.
and Mrs. Vincant Young, Ralph Zaroff, Ros-
ette Zeman, Mr. and Mrs. E. Zimmerman.
John E. Larsson, Richard Lattimore, Anne
Lazarus, Louis Lazarus, Mrs. Gladys IC Lech-
nor, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph Leib, Vivien Leiber -
man, Leo P. Lemley, Michael Lenard, Eva Le
Roy, Richard Lernat, Mr. and Mrs. Philip
Lessin, A. W. Lever, Martha Lever, Elizabeth
Levin, R. Levin, Robert Levin, Mrs. Newton
Le Vine, Sophia Levitt, Edythe Levy, Leonard
Levy, Betty Lewis, Elizabeth S. Lewis, Flor-
ence S. Lewis, Lloyd Lewis, Ruth Leppel,
Lynn Lieberman, Aaron Lipson, Dorothy Lib-
son, Gail Libson, Herman Libson, Norma.
Libson, Sally Liddie, Mr. and Mrs. Michael
Lieb, Mr. and Mrs. Frank Lincoln, Jerome
Lincoln, Elsie Lindeman, Louis Linett, Lil-
lian Lipowitz, I. N. Lipshutz, Mrs. S.
Lipshutz, Mrs. Albert Liss, Jeanne Livaudais,
Albert Liss, Ella Lissauer, Albert Livewright,
Alice Livewright, Caroline Livewright, Nina
Loev, Margaret Longshore, Emily C. P. Long-
streth, Walter C. Longstreth, Robert R.
Longwell, Ruth M. Longwell.
Edith Lore, Harry Lore, Esq., Caroline B.
Lovett, Mr. and Mrs. Leonard Lovitz, Bernice
Lowe, Milton Lowenthol, Elsie Lutz, S. Lynch,
Prof. and Mrs. Will Lyons, Mr. and Mrs. C.
Stewart Lynn, Maby Hameln, John C. Mad-
sen, Mrs. Sally Mailman, Mr. and Mrs. L.
Maller, Mrs. Leopold Mamolen, Jay R. Man--
dle, Elizabeth Mansfield, Virginia K. Man-
they, Naomi Marcus, Adrienne Margules, D.
L. Margules, Dorothy Marind, Jay L. Markley,
Janet Markley, Helen Marks, James Marshall,
Lenore Marshall, Mr. and Mrs. Jerome Mar-
shall, Maud W. Marshall, Jack Maryanoff,
Molly Eitaryanoff, Mrs. Tillie Maseritz, Harry
F. Mason, May 0. Mastronardo, Mrs. R. Matz-
kin, John Matthews, Anne B. Maxfield, Elea-
nor Mayer, Leona G. McCabe, Elizabeth Mc-
Cain, Mildred McCall, Ronald B. McCleary,
Ethel 8. McClellan, Thomas and Irene Mc-
Conkey, Jean McCorkle, Ethel McCray, Mary
McCullough, Idana McMullin, Barbara Mc-
Partland, Mr. and Mrs. A. Melamed, Mr. and
Mrs. Meredith, Marie Metz.
Rev. Edgar Metzler, Catherine Michee, MD.
Hugh Middleton, Edgar W. Miller, Florence
Miller, Mr. and Mrs. Jos. Miller, Lidie Miller,
Shirley F. Miller, Susan Perry Mills, Mrs.
Joseph Moedern, M. Morand, Aileen H. Mor-
ford, Mrs. S. A. Morgenstern, Byron S. More-
house, Elizabeth K. Morison, Mr. and Mrs.
Alfonso Morriconi, Anna S. Morris, Charlotte
Morris, Elliston P. Morris, Morris Moses, Syl-
via Moses, Diana P. Moulton, Joseph T. Moy-
nahan, Mr. and Mrs. Ben Muchnick, Mar-
garetta R. Muller, Werner E. Muller, Marcia
S. Murray, Dorothy Nahan, Mr. and Mrs.
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1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE'
Arthur A. -Narins, Betty' Ness, Albert' New-
.
bold, Ann 'Newbold, -Elizabeth K. Newbold,
P. Newnan,. Christopher Nicholson, Helen,
Nicholson, Rose D. Nitzberg, Mrs.-Bally New-
Mark, Mrs. Blanche Noonan.
' Mr. and Mrs. Harry J. North, Dorothy B.
Nurry, Ariadna ocone, Martha O'Conlon, Mrs.
Minnie O'Connell, Anne Wain Ody, Florence
Olivenbauin, Mildred Scott Olmstead, Nancy
O'Neill, Thomas 'O'Neill, Martin Oppenheim-
er, Mr. and Mrs. Herbert Ostroff, Anna Owers,
Jacob Oxman, Tim J. Parsons, Louis Paulmier,
III, Maureen Parker, Mrs. H. Clay Pastorius,.
Marguerite Paulmier, Thos. D. Paxsoli, Peace
Committee of Chester Monthly Meeting, Hel-
en Penzur`, Muriel Perley, Sidney Perloe, Mr.
and Mrs. Hans Peters, Theodore J. Peters, Mr.
and Mrs. Charles M. Philips, Miriam Phillips,
Jean Piatt, Marybelle Piatt, Harry and Helen
Pinsky, Mr. and Mrs. Joseph E. Platt, Dr. and
Mrs. George Plutchok, Louise Polett, Lydia
A. Pollack, Robert L. Pollack, Norman Pol-
ster, Ed. Porzuczek.
Mrs. Glenna Porzuczek, E. Lloyd Potter,
Jane McCord Potts, Mary -Powell, Helen G.
Powers, Dorothy Gest Pownall, Mrs. B. Prager,
Mrs. Jos. Praiseman, Dan Preiser, Margaret
S. Price, Grace G. Pruitt, Evelyn Prybutuk,
Sally and Dick Pryor, Etna Pursell, Marette
Quick, Edward Quill, Irene Quill, Lydia P.
Quill, I. Rabinowitz, Pauline Rabinowitz,
Mr. and Mrs. Sidney Radeloff, Hans Rade-
macher, Irma Rademacher, Rene Yaffe Ralph,
Edward Ramberg, Harrison C. Raper, Marilyn
K. Raper, Joanne and Jules Raskin, Anne M.
Rawson, Kenneth S. Rawson, Isadore Reivich,
L. W. Reynolds, Eleanor Marshall Reynolds,
Olive Reynolds, Ann Rhoads, Frances Rich-
ardson, Allan L. Rice, Rigmor Rice, Howard
R. Richardson, Johanna Ridpath, Lydia E.
Riehl, Anna Roberts, Emma D. Roberts, Eu-
gene Roberts, Jean Rosen, Deena Rosenbaum,
Albert M. Rosenberg, Mrs. M. A. Rosenberg,
Mark J. Rosenberg, Harry Rosenblatt, Naomi
Rosenblatt, Sylvia Rosenfeld, Mr. and Mrs.
Wm. Rosenglick, Anna Rosenthal, Elsie L.
Rosner, Martha Rossiter, Grace Rotzel, John
S. Rounds, Esther _ Rubin, Frances Rubin,
Janie Rubinoff, Mary Ellen S. Rugg.
Robert Rutman, Helen Sanders, Mrs. Jos.
R. Sandler, Wm. Sattier, Adele Scott Saul,
' Eleanor W. Sayler, Ann Scha,backer, Walter
Schabacker, Rose Schafer, Dr. and Mrs.
Arthur Schneeberg, Ida Schneeberg, Dr. and
Mrs. J. M. Schneeberg, B. Schreibman, Alfred
C. Schroeder, Janet E. Schroeder, Mr. and
Mrs. Jay Schuchar, Ernest A. Schulte, Trudy
Schultz, Mr. and Mrs. Naftali Schwager, Mar-
tin Schwartz, Jean Scoblink, Bonnie Segal,
Roderick Seidenberg, Ellis Seidenrxian, Ethel
Seidenman, Mary Sciaky, Bobby Siefert, A.
C. Seubello, Betty Shaffer, Anna Shalit, Rich-
ard Shamis, Sylvia Sharxiis, Alice B. Shannon,
Dr. William A. Shannon, Mr. and Mrs. L. K.
Sharpless, Mark D. Shaw, Elizabeth Shelling,
Dena N. Sher, Arthur Sherman, Mr. and Mrs.
Eli Shneyer, Dick Shouse.
AUGUST 5, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE : Although I am a
California resident, I wanted to write to you
and express my support for any my approval
of your position on the situation in Vietnam.
I too wish we would start negotiations on
this situation, rather than continue to use
military force as the only answer to the prob-
lem.
I think that realistically, the most prag-
matic solution is ultimate and genuine neu-
tralization of all of Vietnam, Laos, and Cam-
bodia. Chinese domination over Indochina,
although a danger, is not inevitable, but it is
made more certain by the intransigence
of current American policy.
Therefore, I shall continue to applaud
your forthright stand against our present
Vietnam policy.
Sincerely yours,
Mrs. RUTH E. TERRILT.
REDWOOD CITY, CALIF.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964.
SENATOR MORSE: I Wish to express my ap-
preciation and approval of the stand you
have made against the resolution endorsing
the American attack against the democratic
Republic of Vietnam. Your firm stand at
this time of irrationality and emotion re-
quired the highest personal courage and con-
viction, as have all your previous statements
against the American presence in southeast
Asia and particularly the cruel inhumane
folly of McNamara's war in South Vietnam.
? I urge you on behalf of those of us who
believe as you do, and particularly those like
me who are too young to vote, to continue
to take a stand on the side of reason against
the empty platitudes backed by senseless
military force that has passed for our south-
east Asian policy. You have been in the past,
and are now, a personal inspiration to me,
giving me new faith in our system of gov-
ernmernt and my own possibilities for a po-
litical career, fighting for the ideals that you
so ably represent in Congress today.
With deepest respect.
Sincerely,
MARTIN GOLDSTEIN.
BRYN MAWR COLLEGE,
DEPARTMENT OF ECONOMICS,
Bryn Mawr, Pa., August 7, 1964.
lion. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Let me express my
appreciation and thanks, as a citizen, for
your stand on the recent U.S. raids against
North Vietnam. The New York Times has
long reported that South Vietnam has been
raiding the North Vietnam coast. Under
these circumstances, the very appearance of
U.S. Navy ships in the Tonkin Bay waters
Is a rather provocative act. My own feeling
Is that the U.S. military, the Khanh govern-
ment, and Messrs. Bundy and Rostow are
trying to force the hand of President John-
son, who still may not have a firm grip on
foreign affairs. The sooner he replaces Ken-
nedy's men with his own, the better off we
shall all be.
RICHARD B. DU Boss'.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Please accept our
heartfelt gratitude for your courageous
stand on Vietnam. Be assured you do not
stand alone, and you have the support of
the multitude of sane, levelheaded persons,
Who really care about the future of this
world.
Sincerely,
EDITH HELLER.
SPENCER, N.Y.,
August 6, 1904.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR M. MORSE: Through all these
months I have intended to write to you
and tell you how much I have admired your
stand on Vietnam. Now I admire you more
than ever because everybody else is jumping
on the bandwagon and saying we have to
"defend" ourselves against a puny little
peanut of a country.
The unnecessary massacre in South Viet-
nam has sickened me and It is obvious that
the latest steps are sneaking us into a world
war.
Personally a war cannot affect me too'
much?our son has put in his military serv-
ice and reserve duty, but I ask you in the
Mme of the other American mothers whose
sons will have to go, so keep up your good
fight as a "voice in the wilderness."
Yours truly,
LILA K. LARSON.
18893
AUGUST 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: In the Progressive of August
1964 I find a cogent critique by Senator
MORSE of our policy in Vietnam, while the
American press seems to be giving Senator
MORSE the silent treatment. Can't the Times
exercise its undisputed leadership by pro-
voking a great debate on Vietnam that would
let more readers than the Progressive can
reach hear Senator MORSE'S case against our
present policy? Or must we first make a
cliche of the statement that Vietnam is a
political problem and not basically a mili-
tary one, and then act on the contrary as-
sumption? I should think we would do bet-
ter either to get a new policy or to get a new
cliche.
Sincerely yours,
PRINCETON, N.J.
STRINGFELLOW BARR.
LEXINGTON, VA.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I want to express
my great admiration for your "no" vote in
yesterday's Senate Foreign Relations and
Armed Services Committees' resolution to
support whatever measures the administra-
tion judges necessary in Vietnam.
Such a resolution removes the formulation
of national policy from representative in-
fluence, and thus, by giving the executive
branch monarchial powers to define the na-
tional interest, destroys even the form of
democracy.
Even more important, however, is the way
in which the public has been deliberately
deceived as to the nature of the Vietnam
war. This is inexcusable on the part of any-
one with some feeling for the possibilities
of democratic government. Wrong concep-
tions can lead only to wrong actions.
In your lone dissent from the official litany
of our righteousness, I see the single instance
of that respect for truth which is so needed
in these angry, impetuous times.
Respectfully yours,
GEORGE A. LEAR, Jr.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Just a greeting and
to tell you how good it feels to have a sane
voice in these unrealistic politics of ours.
Gratefully yours,
JOHANNA LOTTE JACOBI REISS.
DEERING, N.H., August 6, 1964.
BEREA, Osixo, August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Both as a citizen
and a minister I am deeply concerned with
the keeping of peace in our world. Although
I have only once before written to a U.S.
Senator, many years ago, I felt a strong
guidance to write you in support of your
stand in the face of taking a position public
polls may not register popular.
I commend your courage, integrity, and
forthright opposition to congressional sanc-
tion of presidential power to involve us in
a senseless and unnecessary war. You are
one of the few truly liberal independent
thinkers left among Members of Congress
today. The rule of conformity on contro-
versial issues seems to prevail and few lead-
ers are willing to demonstrate individual in-
tegrity if it may affect their rating with the
prevailing tide of opinion. '
I urge you to continue as an outspoken
voice of conscience. "One with God is a
majority," no less than one with right can-
not be silenced. And I believe the public
will get "second thoughts" and the witness
you bear with others will strengthen now
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18894 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE August 13
quiet voices to raise their testimony with
you for sanity and prudence.
Respectfully yours,
NORMAN V. OLssoN.
PRESNO, CALIF..
August 6, 1964.
ROIL WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. Moms: This is Hiroshima Day
and God forbid that there should ever be
another anywhere. We ought still to be
asking God's forgiveness.
Thanks very much for your opposition to
our folly in Vietnam. I feel that the other
nations of the world, Communists and
Blends alike think we are stupid. And they
are right. Our problems of poverty and un-
employment could use this money in a more
constructive way.
I sincerely hope that the Democrat con-
vention will not be pressured into adopting a
far right position on account of GOLDWATIR'S
bomb-rattling crackpots.
He does not represent the peace-loving
grassroots people and they will repudiate
them in November.
Sincerely,
H. C. Nocz.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
August 6, 1984.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: This is to express
my sincere gratitude to you for your oppo-
sition to our military force and interference
in Vietnam.
Please urge multilateral negotiations in
southeast Asia and let us give technical and
economic assistance without compensation.
Sincerely,
Avis Fusiscksza.
Amman 8, 1984.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I Would like to ex-
press my approval of your views on our
policy on Vietnam and on your decision to
vote against approving President Johnson's
orders on Tonkin.
Sincerely yours,
HOWARD RICKERT.
Wn.LissasviLis. N.Y..
August 6, 1964.
HOD. WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You are the con-
science of America. It is sad to find you
alone among the holders of high places.
Jesus was alone too?and, initially, all like
him. Now even the criminals in high places
have to invoke his name in vain. His cruel-
tiers are remembered (as what they were)
only because of him they crucified. If I
cannot turn the other cheek, I do say palms
off the other man's cheek, and keep the
napalm off the bodies of Vietnamese
children.
We have come to the reenactment of the
approaching end of the Third Reich, Gomor-
rah and the reign of Nero, though it will not
be tomorrow. You will stand out brighter
as the flames rise.
I stand behind my words as you do.
Respectfully yours.
GEORGE W. PROVOST.
PalLsos:Lrins, Ps.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE L. MORSE,
U.S. Senator,
Washington, D.C.:
I wish to express my admiration and sup-
port for your efforts to avert a new catas-
trophe in this generation.
I have two sons and hope that they will be
spared the fate of other millions who were
denied life in two World Wars which brought
neither peace nor freedom in our world.
You are one of the few who today have a
clear vision of the need for understanding
and love.
Yours truly,
JOHN DESIDERIO.
Coffeyville, Kans..
August 4, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE Mons',
U.S. Senator from Oregon,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: I compliment you on your
recent comments on TV concerning the ac-
tion of the United States in the recent bomb-
ing of North Vietnam, and on our disregard
of treaties and agreements with other na-
tions in the past. etc.
I think the U.S. affairs are too much
dominated by the military mind in league
with the industrialists. H. G. Wells, in his
"Outline of History," said of the military in
part as follows: "No person of high intel-
lectual qualifications would imprison his
talents in such a calling."
I think Eric Promrn has painted a very
good picture of the United States of America
when he said: "That paranoid thinking is
the hostile and destructive person (nation)
who accuses everybody else of being hostile
and pictures himself as being innocent and
victimized; those whose thought barriers
built upon cliches, ritualistic ideologies and a
good deal of common craziness that prevent
people--leaders and the led?from seeing
sanely and realistically what the facts are,
from separating the facts from the fiction
and as a consequence, from recognizing
alternative solutions to violence."
/ think we are an immature people who
are obsessed with a messianic complex that
leads us to believe we are the chosen peo-
ple?by some mystic power?to lead the rest
of the world into the land of milk and honey.
We have created a false image of ourselves
and are trying to impose this false image on
the rest of the world not realizing that the
rest of the world and no part of it sees us
as we see ourselves looking through our Alice
in Wonderland looking glass of messianic
and narcissus complexes of wishful thinking
and self-deception.
It is unfortunate for this country that it
does not have more men of intelligence and
courage to tell the truth about the United
States as you have done.
Sincerely.
A. A. BAITER.
DULUTH, MINN.,
August 5, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Masse.
State Capitol Building,
Washington, D.C.
Dzsa SzNsron: Thank you for speaking for
me during the discussion on the resolution
backing the action of the President. We do
well in appraising anew our alms and means
of obtaining them in the Vietnamese situa-
tion as you so ably do for us In the article
"Humpty Dumpty in Vietnam" in the Pro-
gressive magazine. Prestige and dignity may
be enhanced by the returned slap but the
basis for correction of the difficulty and a
change of direction comes much more ef-
fectively from the conference table agonizing
as that method may be, it does indeed seem
to me.
Sincerely,
MTS. ADELE HIGH.
VINTTLAND, N.J..
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
Elm: Thank you for your lone voice of
sanity.
Respectfully,
Elm P. GUMPERZ.
Loa Anan.zs. CALM,
August 6,1964.
HOG. WAYNE Moasz,
U.S. Senate.
MAN SENATOR MORSE: Your Views concern-
ing the war in Vietnam were reported in
today's Los Angeles Times. Enclosed is the
clipping.
At intervals throughout this busy day, I
have thought about your opinion, and I re-
marked, to our ?son (a premedical student
USC in September) that I intended to
write the Senator and cheer him on.
His comment was, "What good will it do?
No one can reach the people who clamor for
war in this instance." I think it is important
to keep on trying. If enough or us write to
you, your mail deliveries should indicate pub-
lic intermit.
In applause of the course you follow, here
is an old Gaelic blessing:
"May the roads rise with you,
And the wind be always at your back;
And may the Lord hold you in the hollow
of His hand."
Sincerely,
MTIL_SDWARD B. MoMonrstr.,
MORSE INSISTS UNITED STATES PROVOKED VIET
EIrrosrlon
WssauxeroN.?Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Democrat, of Oregon. Wednesday assailed the
United States as a "provocateur" in South
Vietnam and said he will not support a
"predated declaration of war" in Asia.
Moses, a consistent critic of U.S. mainte-
nance of troops in South Vietnam, voiced
his opposition as the Senate's leadership
mapped plans to push through a resolution
today backing President Johnson in what-
ever steps are necessary to preserve peace
and freedom in southeast Asia.
He charged, in a Senate speech, that the
Incidents which inspired the resolution?on
which the Senate Foreign Relations and
Armed Services Committees will meet at 9
a.m. today?"is as much the doing of the
United States as it is the doing of North
Vietnam,"
OVERWHELMING RACKING
The resolution, expected to have over-
whelraing bipartisan backing, grew out of
two attacks by PT boats on U.S. destroy-
ers in the Gulf of Tonkin. It is expected
to be introduced in the Senate today.
MORSE charged that a forerunner to the
attacks on the U.S. destroyers was a known
bombardment by South Vietnamese naval
vessels of "two North Vietnamese islands
within 3 to 6 or 6 miles of the main coast
of North Vietnam."
He said the "clear implication" of that in-
cident is that the U.S. Navy stood guard
while vessels of South Vietnam shelled North
Vietnam.
SEES MUCH TO LOSE
MORSE declared that the United States has
much to lose and ittle to gain by continuing
its "unilateral in. Mary action in southeast
Asia, unsanctioned by the United Nations,
and unaccompan.ed by allies" and should
"strike a blow fo- peace" at the conference
table.
"I shall not support any substitute which
takes the form of a predated declaration of
war." he declared.
"For 10 years, the role of the United States
in South Vietnam has been that of a provoca-
teur, every bit as much as North Vietnam has
been a provocateur," MORSE said.
He said "we have been making covert war
in southeast Aida for some time, instead of
seeking to keep the peace by taking the
Issues to the United Nations or some other
international body."
"It was inevitable and inexorable that
sooner or later we would have to engage in
overt acts of war in pursuance of that policy,
and we are now doing so," he added.
He said that whether the choice of ex-
panding the war is that of North Vietnam or
South Vietnam "le still in doubt." But he
said he is satisfied the (Premier Nguyen)
Ehanh government in South Vietnam could
not long continue its civil war "unless the
war were expanded," and that the United
States is a "full partner" of that government.
"When the high emotionalism of the pres-
ent crisis has passed," MORSE said, historians
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will disclose that for some time past "there
have been violations of the North Vietnamese
border and the Cambodian border by South
Vietnam."
"I am also satisfied that they will disclose
that the United States was not an innocent
bystander," he said. He said U.S. troops were
sent into South Vietnam in violation of the
1951 Geneva accords.
MORSE referred to news reports of rumors
in Saigon Tuesday of a coup against the
Xhanh regime, "rumors which are said to
have been quelled by the expansion of the
fighting."
He said that U.S. charges of aggression
against North Vietnam will be greeted "by
considerable snickering abroad."
"So, too, will the pious phrases of the
resolution about defending freedom in South
Vietnam," he said, and added:
"There is no freedom in South Vietnam.
I think even the American people know that
to say we are defending freedom in South
Vietnam is a travesty upon the word. We
are defending General Khanh from being
overthrown, that is all."
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CONGRESSIONAL liECORD -- SENA 18895
HOLLYWOOD, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I am not normally
a letter writer but I am compelled to write
to you today to congratulate you on the
courage with which you have responded to
the unfortunate situation in southeast Asia.
Frankly, I await further disclosure of the
facts before reaching final conclusions on
the propriety of the actions which our coun-
try has taken in this area. Nevertheless,
the courage of your response and the forth-
rightness with which you focused the atten-
tion of the public on the real issues involved
here will, I hope, serve as a model and a
vision for legislators for generations to come.
I am particularly cognizant of the risks
which any legislator takes in speaking his
mind when it appears to be against the ap-
parent national view as reflected in the pub-
lic press. I have intended to write you many
time because you have in the past been the
lone voice trying to indicate that the simple
counting of noses of support does not always
reflect the location of the truth.
I am hopeful that you will not be deterred
from bringing to the public the truth as you
see it.
Again my congratulations. If one can ever
be of help to you although not living in
Oregon, please feel free to call upon me.
Very truly yours,
EDWARD MOSK.
CARMEL, CALIF.,
August 7, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE L. MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We strongly support
your stand on southeast Asia and hope that
you will not vote for the declaration approv-
ing the U.S. bombing of North Vietnam. It
seems to us that any such drastic military
action should require prior approval of Con-
gress.
Sincerely yours,
TOM GOODMAN,
MAIZIE GOODMAN.
? WASHINGTON, D.C.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: The 8 a.m., CBS
radio news report, this "mourn" made refer-
ence to your Senate fight to have the U.S.
military disengaged from "aid" or action in
South Vietnam.
No. 158-29
I would like to echo one phase that corn-
menator used in the report. It went some-
thing like "you have the public opinion of
the American people behind you."
Thank you for continuing to uphold that
law which is still the U.S. Constitution. * *
However much the executive departments of
the Federal Government may find rationale
for self-exemption, to observe the Constitu-
tion; in the breech. Looking to the day when
"breechmanship" makes a fast retreat, with
Brinkmanship. * * * Two twins to be happily
missed.
Sincerely,
J. GODFREY,
Los ANGELES, CALIF., August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I would like to thank you for
standing up and speaking the truth about
we the United States are the provocateur, we
have exactly no business in Vietnam.
It makes me feel good to have at least one
Senator that has my interest at heart. I
wish I were able to do more than just write
you a note. Please keep up your most ap-
preciated work.
Sincerely yours,
W. A. CUNNINGHAM.
FAIRLAWN, N.J., August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR: Thank you for having
made one of the few intelligent remarks con-
cerning our foreign policy in the past few
days.
If only there were more like you we might
conceivably avoid a larger war.
Gratefully yours,
Mrs, JORDON KART.
TAKOMA PARK, MD.
DEAR MR, MORSE: Stick with it. You are
not the only honest and decent man in the
Senate, but you and Mr. GRUENING appear to
be the only ones who also have some guts.
From the point of view of personal advantage
your stand will probably work against you,
but I think history will vindicate you, and
you are old enough not to give a damn about
personal advancement.
The present U.S. imitation of the Nazi
policies of 1936 may progress from murder
to world extermination, but, God help us.
let's hope there will be some opposition.
Right now, you're it.
Please don't waste time on a reply.
Sincerely,
C. D. FIRESTONE.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
August 7, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
The U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: Thank you for the courage
and commonsense you displayed in voting
against the enactment-of-war measure which
was presented to Congress yesterday. At
least someone in Washington is willing to
risk a few votes rather than see our Ameri-
can servicemen risk their lives for a cause
as selfish and absurd as that of General
Khahn's.
I am in complete sympathy with the peas-
antry of Vietnam who are struggling to save
their land from falling into the hands of the
native aristocracy. After all, this battle is
just one thing: The rich against the poor.
And our American boys are forced to risk
their lives for a dictator who does not and
never will have the support of his own
people. Why don't we help Castro? At least
he has the popular support of the Cuban
people.
What is happening in this country? Has
American propaganda reached a point where
all one must say is that he is not a Commu-
nist and, irregardless of what he is?be It
Nazi, Fascist, warmonger, or whatnot?we ac-
cept him and like him?
President Kennedy knew the score, and so
do you. Just about 2 weeks before that great
American was murdered I recall him saying:
"The rich have to help the poor. We cannot
survive an atomic war, and if the widening
gap between the rich and the poor is not
closed, we face that result." Let's tell this
to Khahn and his aristocratic followers. The
time has come to spread the dough.
It is indeed satisfying to know that some-
one like you is in Washington.
Sincerely yours,
ELOISE B. BONDROWSKY.
P.S.?Ambassador Stevenson babbles non-
sense.
Atiousr 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You are to be Com-
mended for your courage in refusing to sup-
port the all-out war drive in this country.
I wish you were President at this crucial
time. It was with a very heavy heart that
we heard the President's speech and then to
think that he had to notify that great
American, Senator GOLDWATER, who very
quickly gave his approval, is very frighten-
ing. You may be a lone voice with courage
and integrity but please remember that there
are fellow Americans who support your stand
but just don't have too much hope in their
hearts because the propaganda leans in the
direction of the might of the industrial-
military complex which is very big business
In our country. Bless you for this great act
of honor.
Very truly yours,
Mr. and Mrs. ALBERT WATKINS
and FAMILY.
CONCORD, CALIF.,
August 5, 1964,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE : My wife and I would
like to express our admiration for your
courageous and lonely stand against the dan-
gerous and provocative presence of U.S. mili-
tary "advisors" and naval forces in south-
east Asia. Please keep up your fight. Some-
day our fellow Americans must come to
realize the injustice of much our country
does in the name of foreign aid.
Our California residence precludes our
having the honor of voting for you.
With great respect.
RAYMOND GILBERT.
LUANNE S. GILBERT.
WYOMING, MINN.,
August 6, 1964.
U.S. Senator WAYNE MORSE, of Oregon.
DEAR SIR: More power to your way of pre-
senting the "Vietnam" policy we should
adopt.
We're too nearsighted in our meddling in
everybody's business and passions?in the
name of democracy. Back to Washington's
ideal. We've parted from it for over 50 years.
Besides if your stated premises are right,
we got into Vietnam in the wrong way, in
the first place.
We rejoice in men like you.
Sincerely yours,
Rev. ARNOLD SCHULZ,
Pastor, M. Paul's Lutheran Church.
FLUSHING, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: My family and I, long admirers
of yours, have been heartened by your cou-
rageous stand on the Vietnamese war. We
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18896 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE August 13
are alarmed and deeply troubled by the most
recent U.S. actions in Indochina, and have
sent letters to President Johnson and to
Senators Javrra and !Camaro, to this effect.
We have urged them to oppose any declara-
tion of war by "resolution," and to use their
offIcee to bring about a truce in the war,
under United Nations auspices.
It Is unfortunate for our country that we
do not have many more spokesmen of your
insight and integrity.
Respectfully yours,
MIS. BLOSSOM BACHAL,
Louis, Mo.,
August 5, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Dzaa MR. Moms: Events in Vietnam indi-
cate that you were right in saying that we
should have handled this through the U.N.
Now we are in a mess which might get worse.
The hard-nosed attitude of the Republican
candidate no doubt encourages President
Johnson to take a stronger line than he
might otherwise do.
I hope that the more moderate influences
in our National Government such as yourself
may be able to do something to prevent
hostilities from becoming too widespread.
It seems to me that by these constant so-
called "brush wars" we are spending a great
deal of wealth and energy which is sapping
our vitality as a Nation without accomplish-
ing much, but the answer is not to practice
brinkmanship as advocated by ?mowers:B.
One more war would about finish us off and
perhaps everybody else along with us.
We are trying to maintain something
which we cannot maintain, as General De
Gaulle has pointed out. We cannot main-
tain a political climate all over the world
Just the way we want it because other na-
tions have something to say about their own
affairs and we cannot afford to police the
world by military force. It will bust us
economically just as it has always busted
everybody who ever tried it.
FRANCIS HELLWIG.
Naw lima, N.Y..
August 5, 1964.
President L. B. JOHNSON,
The White House,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR PRESIDENT JOHNSON: These are hor-
rible, incredible days for U.S. citizens, and
one of their most curious aspects is the feel-
ing that I daresay most of us have that
there is nothing, nothing we can do as indi-
viduals, that our Government is no longer
responsive to public pressure except insofar
as it is gaged by newspaper headlines or
some guessed-at TV response. So it is with
a feeling of a Kafka character who goes
about with a petition but can never find any-
one to read it, that I address this letter to
you.
It is carefully explained in this morning's
Times that you submitted details of your
last night's TV address to Senator GOLD-
WATER in advance to gain his approval. And
it is carefully explained that your TV ap-
pearance was delayed several hours after re-
porters had been alerted, so that you could
get word the attacks on the PT boats "and
related facilities" had been carried out.
To me this appears a most cynical way to
conduct a presidential campaign. The de-
cent people in this country are sick and
frightened over the mere nomination of
GOLDWATER. But for you, the only alterna-
tive they have, to interpret the mood of the
American masses in the summer of 1954 as
wanting a Democratic candidate who moves
further to the right, tries to rival GOLDWATER
In bellicose words and risks American boys'
lives and the peace of the world by adven-
turesome and flamboyant military moves, is
in my opinion a grave underestimation of
the American people.
And this news of us shooting from the hip
in a faraway gulf bordered by the Chinese
mainland, the Chinese Hainan Island and
North Vietnam, by the 7th Fleet whose very
presence there is a provocation, comes to us
on the very day that two of three bodies
found in Mississippi are verified as those of
the miming civil rights workers. While the
Federal Government has done nothing to my
knowledge to protect the lives of the many
idealistic young students who have gone into
Mississippi to do what that same Government
should be doing in the first place educating
Negroes in registration procedures and giving
them encouragement.
You are an astute politician. / only pray
that you have the imagination to see, soon,
what I see no signs of your having grasped
to date: that this is no ordinary election
year. If there is no man of courage to ce-
ment the decent, ordinary, white, respon-
sible citizens who want Negroes to have a
fair shake, with the black masses who have
awakened and are demanding what is so long
overdue, then the United States will not sur-
vive as a free nation. I for one am thor-
oughly sick of all the reams of tired words
about "freedom" for the Vietnamese. What
kind of freedom do we provide them? It is
an immoral, cruel, and senseless war we are
waging there. Let the Vietnamese people
decide their way of life themselves, whether
it is neutralist?or even Communist. It Is
not our problem and if you persist in drag-
Mg us into another Korea you will not be
adding to our glory.
I urge you: bring back the 7th Fleet, let us
get our troops (advisers) out of Vietnam,
land and sea. Let us get out of Vietnam
and into Mississippi.
Sincerely yours.
Vraorana MAMMARY.
POMONA, CALIF..
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
GEAR SENATOR Moms: I agree with you that
both aides acted as provocateurs in the clash
in the Gulf of Tonkin.
I have often wondered, and worried, about
the consequences of the United States suc-
ceeding to the former role of French colonial
power in southeast Asia, That we are now
playing that role is clear to me.
I have never accepted the excuse that we
are not ruling directly, but are simply "ad-
visers" to the incumbent regime, whatever
form It might take. It seems to me that
the Central Intelligence Agency has a great
deal to say about whom we select as our
favorite puppet In office.
You may not agree with me, completely, in
my outlook upon this question, but I agree
with your stand.
Sincerely,
DANIEL N. Fox.
MARION, IOWA,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE B. Mossz.
Washington, D.C.
Dims Ss:Naxos Molter: Congratulations on
your stand relative to our senseless involve-
ment in southeast Asia.
I have yet to meet a single individual who
is ready to die in a nuclear holocaust In
order to prevent those people from having
the type of government and economic order
which they desire.
If we have a case in that part of the
world, why are we unwilling to lay our com-
plaint in the hands of the International
Court Of Justice for adjudication, and then
abide by its decision?
Sincerely.
Caserrxx B. VERNON.
Sr. LOUIS, MO.,
August 5, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Heard your views on
channel 4 this evening regarding Vietnam
situation.
You are If* percent right in every way,
shape, manner and form.
I heard a man downtown this afternoon
mention to an acquaintance, "That this mad
dog McNamara and the half-witted boy Rusk
have finally succeeded in their aim in head-
ing us into a land war in Asia with Red
China."
That is what this man said, and I person-
ally have men relatives who will probably
be fighting over there.
I shudder to think of it.
God help our young men.
Sincerely,
M. SCULLY.
BRONX, N.Y.,
August 6,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Please be assured of
my support for your position on our policies
in Vietnam, particularly your lone vote today
against the President's resolution regarding
our attack yesterday on the North Vietnam
coast.
Although yours was the solitary courage-
ous voice against these military adventurist
actions, I am sure that scores of thousands
of now silent Americans are with you on this.
Very truly yours,
BERNARD KASSEY.
BAZELHURST, WIS.,
August 6, 1964.
MT. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senator,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Be sure that mil-
lions of Americans share your alarm at the
administration's undeclared war. Even
though only intended for home consumption
as a diversion from the now unpopular re-
suite of administration wrongdoing it is a
very dangerous diversion. Surely there is
no certainty that Khrushchev can keep a
powerful part of the Communist world on
the sidelines while we fight with the now
powerful Red Chinese.
At best it is not likely to work well for
the administration in November. My pro-
found thanks.
Sincerely yours,
PHIL KRONENWL? R.
NEW YORE, N.Y.,
August 5, 1964.
DEAR Szrearoa MORSE: I want to thank you
very much for the statements I just heard
you make on CBS-TV regarding the situation
in Vietnam.
You are courageous and just in your state-
ments and I hope you will continue to be
forthright in your utterances.
Sincerely yours,
RUDY LORMOR.
SAN FRANCISCO. CALIF..
August 5,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Mossy: Congratulations to
you. You are a voice of sanity. I have long
respected you and admired your guts.
I'll keep this short, because I'm stealing
time at work to send it. I enclose a letter I
sent to President Johnson today. I have also
sent copies of it, and covering letters to Sena-
tors KUCHEL and SALINGER and Congressman
Man.wate, and urged the Senators to sup-
port your stand against endorsing a blanket
resolution, which you have labeled "a pre-
dated declaration of war."
With best wishes.
Yours sincerely,
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North Vietnam to sucker us into another
Korea.
Please keep up your fight. We who believe
in peace need voices such as yours.
Sincerely,
DONALD HEEKIMBLATT.
--
SAN ANSELMO, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senator Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I thank you from
the bottom of my heart for your firm stand
for truth and justice. You have met a
great test and have proven true and cour-
ageous. It is men like you that this country
and the world needs so badly today but are
so few. But all the more honor and appre-
ciation to the one we have. Time will prove
you great.
Gratefully,
CONGRESSION L RECOR ? A 18897
t e vik k ,
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF., It makes us feel more secure to have you
August 5, 1964. speaking out.
President LYNDON B. JOHNSON, Thank you again.
The White House, Sincerely,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: I am seriously dis-
turbed by the present position vis-a-vis
Vietnam. At work today I have been listen-
ing to the? radio as much is possible, and
talking to everyone I've seen. Nobody is
enthusiastic about the attack on North Viet-
namese bases. If our ships were attacked,
and twice, by what can only seem a piece of
lunacy on the part of the North Vietnamese,
certainly those attackers could have been
repelled and destroyed, as they were. But
further unilateral action seems to me ex-
tremely dangerous in this powder keg on
which the world stands. One friend sug-
gested it might have been possible to issue
an ultimatum to the North Vietnamese after
the first attack. Another said that the issue
should have been brought immediately to the
United Nations after the first incident.
All that it past. / am sure, Mr. President,
that the action which you took seemed to
you the best one in the context of the situa-
tion.
The quesion is: What now? I feel that the
sooner this conflict moves off the shooting
range'and onto the council floors of the U.N.
as Senator MORSE has said, the less chance
there is that it may escalate to dimensions
which will mean obliyion for all of us. You
have said that you were responding on a
limited basis. I think the limits of safety
have been reached, indeed, perhaps already
passed.
We have a world organization whose
justification for existence lies just in its
capacity to deal with dangerous situations
such as this. It is too late j, world history
to consider war as an instrument of foreign
policy.
Further, I hold no brief for either the
North or South Vietnamese, The former
are authoritarian, the latter hardly less so.
Neither side is such that a Democrat can
grant full support to it. Ideally, I would
think that neutralization of the area, not by
a conference Of Western nations, but through
the U.N. itself, and democratic elections for
both North and South, would constitute the
beginnings of a solution in an otherwise in-
tolerable situation, where at best a dragged-
out war goes on, and where at worst the
world may be involved and destroyed. Let
me add that I am a registered Democrat, and
one who intended to be fully involved in the
forthcoming campaign; but I do not feel that
the President Johnson who will be remem-
bered as the President under whose admin-
istration the civil rights bill was passed
should be also remembered, if there is any-
one left to remember, as the President under
whose administration world war IU?the
last war?began.
Yours sincerely,
MARGO SKINNER.
AUGUST 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: We owe you a real debt of
gratitude for speaking out against our poli-
cies and actions in 'Vietnam. Thank you
for your courage and love of the truth. It
is not the popular course.
There are many who believe this to be an
immoral and illegal war and that we need to
seek diplomatic and not military settlement.
Is there any way to reconvene the 14 nation
1962 Geneva Conference to secure withdrawal
of foreign personnel and material, for a ne-
gotiated settlement?
The press minimizes what is happening to
civilians in Vietnam and children. We will
lose our moral leadership in the eyes of the
world if we continue this senseless war.
Mrs. JULIA P. RUOPP.
SILVER SPRING, Mn.,
August 8, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for your
courageous stand on Vietnam.
As long as we have even one person like
yourself in the Senate, there may be a chance
for us.
Sincerely,
MTS. DOLORES HEIMAN.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
The Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: I am writing to express my
admiration for your courage in opposing the
use of U.S. military forces in the current
Gulf of Tonkin crisis.
You are one of the few voices in our coun-
try speaking out for peace. If only your
courage were contagious and could infect the
other Senators. Keep up the good work.
Yours sincerely,
GERTRUDE REED.
THE INSTITUTE,
BenSSe/aeraine, N.Y., August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Bully for you.
Your talk in the Senate Wednesday with re-
gard to the recent record of our Nation in
South Vietnam, our announced intentions
this spring and summer to step up the war,
our unilateral action outside the U.N. with
military measures contrary to the Geneva
agreement, and our apparent upholding and
supplying General Khanh's current pushes
to the north implicitly threatening China,
needs to be said. I hope that you can re-
strain this military action and persuade our
Government to resort to conferences and
U.N. channels for the management of ten-
sions in southeast Asia.
Sincerely yours,
EVERETT R. CLINCHY.
HAYWARD, CALIF.,
August 6,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
HONORABLE SENATOR MORSE: I Wish to Com-
mend you and express my appreciation of
your courageous and forthright statements
relative to escalating the war in Vietnam.
No problem has ever been solved with the
use of force, and We are in danger of initiat-
ing a worldwide nuclear conflict.
Be assured that the majority of Americans
desire peace, and if they were to know the
true facts, they would be more vocal about
our involvement in Vietnam.
Again, thank you.
Sincerely,
MTS. RHODA TRESKIN.
CHICAGO, ILL.,
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have written
President Johnson, and both of my Senators
In support of your position on Vietnam.
I can't understand gr cOndane the repent
attack on our vessels?in such wise neither
can I condemn our retalialOn?ally escala-
tion on our part, however, would be immoral
and immature?We can't allow a South or
CLARE MCKLAGE.
AUGUST 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations on
your courage to question our action in Viet-
nam. You are doing a marvelous work in
the Senate and I only wish I could vote for
you. Wish you could be nominated for Vice
President.
Cordially,
JEROME DAVIS.
--
DELAWARE, OHIO,
August 5, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I was very glad to
hear that you are still working for more
peaceful means of trying to solve the prob-
lems of southeast Asia. I hope that with
all our modern knowledge of science and
human nature we can somehow figure out
better ways of resolving political differences
than by killing others and risking atomic
devastation for ourselves.
Respectfully yours,
KENNETH H. MORRIS, Jr.
WOOD AVENUE METHODIST CHURCH,
Muskegon, Mich., August 6 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I want you to know
that your opposition to the military develop-
ment in southeast Asia is deeply appreciated.
Someone has suggested that the military
jingle of Senator BARRY GOLDWATER is too
prominent now.
May you gain strength from the courage
of your convictions. The military approach
can never solve the problems of this part of
our world.
Let's follow the suggestion of Secretary
General U Thant by reconvening the 14-
Power Geneva Conference on southeast Asia.
May the peacekeeping role of the United
Nations be exploited to the utmost.
Sincerely,
CARL B. STRANGE.
CHICAGO, ILL.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I want to COM-
mend you for your blunt statement in oppo-
sition to President Johnson's resolution on
the Vietnam crisis. You stated that the res-
olution amounts to a predated declaration
of war." You also said that the United States
is as much to blame as North Vietnam for the
destroyer incidents.
I certainly agree with you, and I hope you
will vote against the resolution when it
cOUleS Up in the Senate,
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18898 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE August 13
I realize of course that in the state of jingo
opinion in the United States today President
Johnson had no real choice. Any President
who is doing less than be is doing would be
thrown out of office in ct hurry. I am really
denouncing not President Johnson but the
kind of national insanity we have come to in
our country.
It Ls obvious that if Communist China calls
our bluff we will have to begin throwing
atomic bombs. We are apparently prepared
to kill several hundred millions of Chinese if
we are challenged. If we do such a thing we
will make ourselves the worst criminal na-
tion in world history. Our very name will be
a byword of contempt and loathing. Others
may yet save us from this fate; we are not
prepared to save ourselves.
If war is avoided I certainly hope the other
nations will combine against us to force us
to negotiate the situation in southeast Asia.
Very truly yours,
FLOYD MULKEY.
HANOVER, PA.,
August 6, 1964.
SENATOR WAYNE MORSE: I am very much
in favor of the stand you have taken on
South Vietnam. If we had more Senators
like you, things like this would not happen.
Respectfully yours,
EDWARD BROWN WELL.
BLINICK PHAREIACY,
Chicago, IlL, August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
I wish to congratulate you on your stand
toward our policies in Vietnam and for the
courage you have shown (and I pray will
continue to be able to show) in the past.
/ know it is no easy task to face up to popu-
lar opinion and say to the multitude: "I am
right because my conscience says I am right."
Unfortunately, such bravery is never appre-
ciated until it is time to be written in the
history books. In his book, "Profiles in
Courage," President Kennedy told of the
Senator who ruined his career by not going
along with the mob in impeaching President
Andrew Johnson. I hope that your career
won't be hurt that badly, but I do want you
to know that I am proud to be a compatriot
of yours and wish that the two Senators who
represented me were as brave as you.
Warmest regards.
Gzoacz H. BLINICK.
P.S.?Should we ever differ on certain leg-
islation, I will at least feel that you sincerely
believe you are right and not just voting the
way certain pressures push you.
CLINTON, IND.,
August 5. 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thanks, thanks,
thanks for speaking out against what we are
doing in Vietnam. I have just heard you on
TV. I also heard Senator PIM/MIGHT, a great
disappointment. You are going to have a
hard time of it. I fear, but you have forti-
tude.
Yours sincerely,
RUTH C. FRANCE.
NASHVILLE, TENN.,
August 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I quite agree with
you about our boys dying in southeast Asia.
We should stay at home and attend to our
business here, just as those people should
stay out of Mississippi. If they don't. John-
son should tell them to.
There is plenty going on in their own
States to keep them busy.
I wonder why Negroes don't do more for
their own race? They could take them off the
streets and teach them to be more civilized.
Back to wars abroad. Truman didn't de-
clare war in Korea, I understand the word
"victory" is not allowed to be uttered, much
less attained. I can't imagine any war being
fought without an objective.
I understand our boys were right at Berlin.
and Roosevelt didn't allow them to go in,
held them back for Russia to go first.
Could that be responsible for the Berlin
wall today? Why is the administration so
concerned about Communists abroad and so
little concerned about them on our own
doorsteps? Before it was admitted the pub-
lic in general helped the Communists along
pushing through the Negroes to achieve their
objective. What will not peciple do for
votes?
Sincerely,
Miss JENNIE ALLIEN ASHWORTH
SPOKANE, WASH..
August 8, 1984.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: Thank you for your stand
on our southeast Asia policy. And I thank
God for a man like you. I am with you all
the way as millions of other Americans are.
May God bless you.
Sincerely yours,
JOHN DENHAM.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
August 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Mn. MORSE: Your voice rings clear
above the propaganda, hate, and ignorance
from the right and righteous, the "war at
any cost" lunatics. You are not alone; please
continue to speak for us. We must stop
this thing.
Sincerely.
THOMAS GRASELL.
Ausuer 5, 1064.
HOD. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for
your statement today on our role in Vietnam.
I appreciate your courage and your dedica-
tion to sanity in foreign policy.
Sincerely,
VARDA M. ULLMAN.
WESTMINSTER. CALIF.
Los ANGELES, CALM,
August 6.1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
Dram SENATOR Moasz: At this time when
the threat of an escalation of the war in
South Vietnam seems possible, it is encour-
aging to know of your leadership in the
Senate opposing the U.S. "unilateral military
action in southeast Asia. unsanctioned by
the United Nations, and accompanied by
allies." I hope there will be enough strong
and courageous leadership in the United
States to "strike a blow for peace" at the
conference table.
Sincerely,
Mrs. MIRIAM CAMP.
INDEPENDENCE, MO..
August 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: In times like these
it is easy and politically attractive to speak
of "unity," even though' it really means an
abdication of responsibility to discuss uni-
lateral actions of the President and his
advisers.
In daring to oppose the resolution re-
quested by the President. you have fulfilled
your responsibility and have acted with rare
courage. You must continue to oppose the
tragic course of events In southeast Asia.
Sincerely yours.
WILLIAM H. WILSON.
PALO ALTO, CALIF.,
August 6, 1964.
That President Johnson's recent statement
that "we will seek no wider war" warrants
support, we will all agree. That both Viet-
nam and 'United States "overreacted" in the
sea incident, seems likely to some of us,
including a reported statement by a Stan-
ford political scientist in the Palo Alto Times
of this date. That a political, rather than
a military settlement must be made and that
U Thant's suggestion of reconvening the
Geneva conference to search for this solu-
tion, seems sound. Although previous agree-
ments were made and broken, it does not
mean that new insights cannot be found and
more consistent renewed efforts made to
overcome the destruction and deterioration
that have taken place since Vietnam was
divided 10 years ago.
David Arnold, Ph. D., of Princeton, who
served with USIA office there 1962 to 1963,
states, "the nation, group of nations, or inter-
national organization that could guarantee a
reunified and peaceful Vietnam, freed from
the pressures of the cold war, would have
the support of all Vietnamese, in the north,
in the south, or in exile." Isn't that kind of
goal implied in Johnson's statement?
Mrs. EUGENIA R. SoaralsEN.
SACRAMENTO, CALIF.,
August 5, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE; Thank God for one
sane man in Congress. Do keep up your
protest against our mad policy in Vietnam
and adjacent waters, even though it seems
like a voice crying in wilderness.
I do wish that California had some Con-
gressmen with your convictions and your
courage.
Sincerely,
MARGARET M. HOWARD.
BETHESDA, Mn.,
Avgust 7, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR Mpasz: I wotfld like to com-
mend you for your sensible and courageous
statements on Vietnam.
Sincerely,
EDWIN A. WEINSTEIN.
Aucesx 6, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We are deeply con-
cerned about the role of the United States
In Vietnam, and it is our thinking that this
dangerous and tragic situation can only be
solved by an internationally representative
group, specifically the United Nations.
Therefore, we want to inform you of our
wholehearted and appreciative support of
your position in Congress against the reso-
lution backing the U.S. military role pres-
ently in force in Vietnam. Please continue
to bring to the attention of the American
people the fact that U.S. military inter-
vention on behalf of the Khanh govern-
ment in South Vietnam could bring about
world war III.
It is gratifying to us that a man of your
courage and ability can speak for us in
Washington today.
Yours truly,
Mr. and Mrs. S. KATz.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
TRANSACTION OF ADDITIONAL
ROUTINE BUSINESS
By unanimous consent, the follow-
ing additional routine business was
transacted:
MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE?
ENROLLED BIJ J.S SIGNED
A message from the House of Repre-
sentatives, by Mr. Hackney, one of its
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