1. ARMAMENTS DIRECTORATE OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY INDUSTRY 2. GERMAN PERSONNEL AT THE HASAG AMMUNITION PLANT AT PUTILOVO

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A001700780009-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 19, 2005
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: August 25, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
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SUBJECT
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PLACE ACQUIRED
USSR (Moscow Oblast
This Document contains information affecting the Na-
tional Defense of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of the U.B. Code, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person I. prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form It prohibited.
1,, AYmaments Directorate of the Ministry DATE DISTR.
at ; g icuItural. Machinery Industry
2. German Personnel at the Hasag
Ammunition Plant at Putilovo
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SOVIET AGRICULTURAL MINISTRY RESPONSIBLE FOR ARMAMENT MANUFACTURE
~91 1. [,= Germans were transferred to the USSR in October 19461 under
25X1 he Ministry of the Agricultural. Machinery. Indus.trf 25X1
25X1 a subdivision of this minis-try
25X1 was responsible for the manufacture of a armament equipment for the USSR.
the organization of the Miniert,ry .of ?k Agri xilt:ur .
Machinery Indust is as follows. Located in Moscow,, it is subdivided into
two main parts: 'section No. 1 for the manufacture of agricultural equipment,,
and Section No. 2 for the manufacture of arms. The latter is under special
military control. The building is heavily guarded and admission to it is
restricted.
STATE #x ARMY
NAVY y
ixt
AEC OSI 'ei_~7_1
25 August 1953
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2. First to be considered is the section for the construction of agricultural
machinery. As the nacre implies, this was the original main branch. When
the Germans were shifted to civilian production during the latter part of
their stay, they had dealings with the All-Union Institute for Research
and Testing in the field of the manufacture of agricultural machinery. This
institute is located in the northwest part of Moscow, about 15 kilometers
from the center of the city. Here the Germans were assigned the task of de-
veloping new methods and equipment for testing purposes. These tests were
performed in part on proving grounds connected to the institute and partly
on federal auxiliary agricultural farms. One of these farms was attached
to the Sofrino shooting range as an auxiliary farm. Various newly-developed
devices were tested there, such as potato-planting machines and peat pot-
pressing equipment (Torpftopfpressanlagen). The purpose of this equipment
was to advance by about three or four weeks the ripening time of the usual
crops planted in the Moscow area. This could be very important to the state
of nutrition in the USSR. From this institute, the Germans received several
orders to develop, among other thingstmachinery or large automats for these
peat pots which necessitated a daily capacity of approximately 200,000
feces.
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SECTION ONE: ARMS MANUFACTURE
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3. The other section, involved in the manufacture of arms, was headed by General
ZACHANITSKIT until about two vears ago. He was replaced
his successor was seen around on various occasions, a rushed
through the offices and never introduced himself. 25X1
the following weapons were being developed in this department: special
miss i es and rockets. The most predominant were powder-rockets, but some
liquid rockets were also being developed. Special recoilless guns, after
the Dueka system (German code name for a particular type of recoilless gun),
were also developed and tested there. This section had several subdivisions.
4. Perhaps the most important of these subdivisions was the KB-3, located in 25X1
Putilovo and attached to the Sofrino shooting range. The KB-3 had the well- 25X1
knorn Postfach 648 and Factory No. 50. Its manager, DAVIS
5. Directly attached to KB-3 was a secret department. The manager there,..how
ever, was directly under the central committee organization in Moscow. Only
in personnel matters was he under local management. This department received
all secret memoranda and other directives from superior offices, particularly
concerning Party management and things of that.nature, The bookkeeping,
library, blue-printing., photographic division, ' and motor pool-were attached
to this department.
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Also attached to KB-.3 for administration was a small
rocket test stands separate
from the Sofrino shooting range, where special rocket
tests, particularly stationary twsts,were made. It was
also possible to make_ -bursting tests on a small experi-
mental range which was attached to it. This blast testing
ground was under the direction of CHIBULIN.
firectl,y adjoining this testing ground was a supersonic
wind tune.. It had been patterned and erected eimilarlg
t it the in one 'designed by Dr. ?TRO]tMSDORFF and previously
tGermany: The diameter of this tunnel was about
20 '"O It ,was powered by a compressed-air bottle
1pailery whj.ah was charged by a compressor to 150 atmos-
e$. The air then was
I'U1eased by.suitable diffusers and entered the actual
ieasuring section with a thrust. The existing device-did
not haTS s immediate heating column for the air, ;-but was .run
9ust that Way for purely financial reasons. Speeds up to
he speed of sound could be reached. However, the pper
Ating time was not too long and depended upon the diameter
Of the throat., When the largest. throat was used,
operating time was limited to about ten seconds. With
smaller throats, the operating time was correspondingly..
increased. A later improvement planned was a heat
exchanger to create a more universal utilization of this
wind tunnel.
8,6During the Germans' stay in the USSR, the planned measuring
apparatus was not completed to the extent,..where exact,
measurements could be accomplished. Especially missing
were oscil:Lographs and exact pressure pick-ups. The
Germans made many suggestions in this direction; but,up
to their departure, these things had not beeri:startedt..
Often it was very difficult to obtain these things in the
necessary quality from Soviet industry,.and many orders
were given to Soviet companies in East Germany.. But these
eompanies had orders from other plaoes,too, so that
d.elivery'had to be made according to a certain priority,
thus causing the delay of the delivery.
Also attached to KB-3 was a greatly enlarged.extperimexrtal
workshop for experimental production of rocket:projec: ilea
and normal projectiles. It was also possible to manufac-
ture =~~d3 rifles here that never went over. 2On
atmospheres (2940 PSI'). The machines on hand could not
turn guns which required greater wall thicknesses than for
the above prescribed pressures. Directly connected with
this experimental workshop was the usual work preparation,
material storage, etc. An essential part of this cons-
struction project was the actual construction office
under the direction of U':LYANO . In the end, this office
was staffed by Soviet scientists exclusively. The,project
was subdivided into a department for the development. of
rockets and missiles, a norm department, and a department
for the preparation of firing tests. The latter was als,c
aq.ip! for the carrying out of the firing tests and.
evaluation of their results.
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60j4p.1,etely separated from the. Soviet department, at
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gelled rockets for all the different purposes - plane
e:,as well as 'lane-to-ground and ground-t6-plane.;
kraup''worked especially on the development o prow er-s
' Ql eotive". This German pro ct was actually divided
into three groups: The firste
red act..whieh operated under the designation "German
, ast .in the last three to four years, was the German
With..:' r +biems of. design and fabrication on remote-
Cdntro ed missiles of the types described below.
-made, Of the. Germans,.. The canard-type construeti.or~ besides
vriiea;g .. This deviated from the former B.heinmetall work '?
* C .. employed three wing assemblies, by using four wing
UUiemblies xercv, c ,2 yy u3ed ws pla i-w gs in order,
to aehisvv greatfer id thu63 tisfy the demands .
Was he canard -type e eva ors in r root) with a plan.i.
the main interes- .
resulted lira more favorable Ca and Ow,so that also in
this way these developments were more advantageous than
the.old German-type fabrication.
11.,, The second department within the German Collective was
headed by Dr. TRONUMMSDORFF. It had the specific task
of developing ramjet propelled projectiles of large
calibers. the largest caliber was
between 50 and cm but projects for even larger.things
were worked on. During the latter part of our stay in
the USSR after confirmation trials proved that these
fabrications functd +.ned properly, matters were taken out
of the hands of the Germans, and the Soviets. continued
to work on them. Then Dr, TROPVMSDORFF undertook work on
a supersonic compressor)which had special significance.
in connection with ramjets, He.tried to make his corn
ppressor more effective by multiple angular thrusts in.
the supersonic ranges. He expected a lot of t.ia project
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.T-e Soviets tried to shroud is projec
.again in special secrecy.
12* The third group was originally headed by SCHAADT, but.
after about two years on the job, the Soviets replaced him
with BOEHM. They worked primarily on the further develop-
mentof Panzerfaust (code name for anti-tank weapon)
fabrications with longer ranges - 100 m., 250 m,:and a
maximum of 500.m.. A lot of emphasis was placed.on the
hitting accuracy of the weapon. This was difficult to
coordinate with the weight concessions because the neces.
eery safety factors could not be, achieved. There war the
danger of barrel explosions) and such things grew worse
.and worse. There was also an automatic Panzerfaustt,i...e:,,
the ammunition was fed automatically. For the automatic
gh rate of feed was demanded. 25X1
Furthermore they did reconstruction work on a
number of am.all caliber bullets. they were. 13 or 25X1
20 mm caliber?- . They were fed to the barrel by the
species cartridge which had within the magazine a large
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powd"er..-gases Automatically and an immensely high number of
?ehcts could be achieted in relation to the time factor.
Afi ure of several thousand was mentioned.
was anotb.er shooting range connected with this range, at
least oiganization-wise. The latter was newly founded in
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a really concrete
number cannot b e named because :a was permitted only td
release a limited number of shells with each burst.
These things were in the experimental stage and Were
tested, bUt they never had the full approgal of the
Offices who had given the order.
so.attadhed to the department and diredtly to this sea-
tiah of the. ministry for construction of weapons in
MGIoO* was a research. institute for the development'-of
appis*at, s and ammunition.. This institute had operated
Wit g the war. It was housed in a former agriculture
Ixperimehtal place near the odor' ' Railroad Station
.,in Moaoowo 'There they continued development of the
$H~INTO )ET'UU Panaerfauat, and bomb rocket type R10OBS
German designation), and such things,, but in such a way
'that the Germans never knew what improvements went on.
they only knew that the development was parallel to the
AULER Group work. This institute ha, ,r of course, much
more priority. They had.all kinds of apparatuses,.such ,
as wind tunnels, etc., at their disposal and above all'
could at any time consult any office they wished to' and
get any experienced scientists,so that their work was,-
made considerably easier. This research institute was
under the direction of Colonel. Di'.ATLst .,f
Directly attached to the sector for weapons production in
Moscow was the Sofrino scientific test shooting range.
Lt had the task of testing the cannons and missiles pro-
duced within the framework of the M(nistry and also of devel-
-ppii ,g thvr ." Merchandise destined for this shooting..
range was reloaded at the Sofrino.railroad station from.
which the name w . s derived. A triangle was fled by the'
town Putilovo and the so-called a textile
factory founded by the German Kraft about 1910, with the
shooting range the third point. All
these places are today jointly known under the name of
b ~II . This shooting range had a size... of approx-
imately twenty-five km 'k1 five km,, and is under the
supervision of Colonel .17 OV.. He was assisted by chief
engineers and administratorsF -1 25X1
By German standards, it was a small shooting range,. There
xARNUV iXD who had originally been em to - ed at KB-3 until
he was transferred to this project. 25X1
the neighborhood of Putilovo and another city. 25X1
Large-scale building was going on cldse
g range for a large experimental station
with adjoining workshops and testing labs, A wind tunnel
was proposed for the testing liquid rockets, etc., ~Fluessig-
keitsraketen). While the installation was under construe
tion. it w, -as the temporary super:fision of Dipl. 'Fkg.
his was a large scale installation which was to:- be
as soon as the German Collective left a.nd that the
projects handled At KB-3 would all be organizationally
merged with-this experimental institute in the near
future. 25X1
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15. The rocket testing ground in Putilovo had a concrete test stand, left over
from the war years. By comparison with German standards, it was of rather primi-
tive construction. It was partially equipped with captured German equipment,
used in the early days of development when insufficient funds were at our
disposal. For example, indicators had spring mechanisms and such things.
This equipment had been dismantled in Germany and the Soviets had reassembled
it in the USSR. The indicators, generally Maihak make, were not sufficiently
accurate; hence, the Germans had ceased to use them in Germany. The personnel
using these test stands considered them a sort of safety device and brought
their own measuring instruments with them. Other institutes also used this
stand constantly for their own tests. Electrical pressure gauge: (Druckgtess-
dosen) boxes, such as those used in Germany towards the end of World War II,
were not yet being manufactured in the USSR. However, various projects were
worked on with the requirements of present-day techniqu 25X1
25X1 The results of measuring pulse or
burning time were genera y not very accurate. The Germans discovered a margin
of error of ten percent. Since the Germans did not have all the papers and
calculations at their disposal, they did not have much confidence in the re-
sults of the measurements.
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MINISTRY FOR DESIGN OF AGRICDLTURAL EQUIPMENT
DESIGN OF AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT
ALLUNIOI~ INSTITUTE FOR DEVELOPMENT
AND TESTING. IN THE FIELD OF AGRICU
TURAL IQUIPMENT KB-3DP,0. BOX b48~FACTORY NO. 50
MANAGER DAV S~M--
CHIEF ING. UL(ANOV
SUPERSONIC WIND TUNNELO 250
150 ATMOS. COMPRESSOR
ROCKET TEST STAND
BURSTING RANGE
CHIEF; CHIBULIN
WORK PREPARATIO EXPERIMENTAL WORK SHOP FOR EXPERI~
MATERIALS SHORTAGE MENTAL ROCKETS AND MISSILES
ROCKET AND MISSILE DEVELOPMENr4
NORM DEPARTMENT
PREPARATION AND CARRYING OUT
OF FIRING
4
RUSSIAN DESIGN OFFICE
CHIEF; UL?MOV
00'WORKER SHT N
SECRET
DEPT.
I DEVELOPMENT INSTITUTE fOR
APPARATUS AND MUNITIONS
CHIEFS Colonel DIA 'L `
SOFRINO. SCIENT1FlC PROVING
GROUNDS AND SHOOTING RANGE NEAR
KEEPING
LIBRARY
BLUEPRINTING
& PHOTO LAB
PUTILOVO
CHIEF: Colonel IVANOt
TESTING INSTITU'T'E,
(NEWLY BUILT)
WIND TUNNEL AND LIQUID
ROCKETS
CHIEF: TAOVSKI1 P
SHOOTING RANGE
Length: 25 Km,
AULER GROUP:
ROCKET DEVELOPMENT., INNER AND
;OUTER BALLISTICS, AND RECOIL-
LESS GUN.
TROMMSDORFF:
GAS-TURBINB-PROPELLED ROCKETS
AND SUPERSONIC COMPRESSORS
DESIGN OF ARMAMENT
CHIEF: General ZACHANITSKI!
(MISSILES, ROCKETS AND-.SPECIAL
30'01
:PAI2'AUS? (DOZE 981
'TANK ROC= TILE) ?
PANZERFA .' "OMMTIC
.EC IAL 'C . FOR.
TE?'Plfli . l I MI0J OF AGRICULTURAL
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Comments
1. No company by the n.-me of Anhalt-Westphalian, or Westphalian Anhalt,
Explosives Company can be located. No company by the name of WASAG
is listed for Piesteritz, A WASAG Explosives Plant is located in
Reinsdorf, near Wittenberg. Piesteritz, relatively far from Wittenberg,
is adjacent to the town of Kleinwittenberg.
2. Bisaritz cannot be located. A Hugo Schneider Armament Plant, also ]mown
as HASAG, is located in Leipzig.
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3. Ambiguities and vague statements present throughout this reporti -1 25X1
The report has not been extensively
rewritten;, however, for fear of further corrupting Omaterial. 25X1
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