SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT GINZBURG, V. - GINZBURG, V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000515130008-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 26, 2002
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

Jm 207
34"trcms Smission
DOPPIAW ;~Zt
*bdission of an Xlsotroa and an Atcm Moving Along tho
Axis of a Chamel In a Dose Modimst Y. L. Ginzburgi
1. M. ft*Wtp Oorr No, A"d 801, 4 pp
-Dok UM Ilauk SEISR, Nova Ser- Vol LVI, No 7
Gives asthowtIcal disoumelon oonoluftng that energy
ftlealom lit ease, of a DMIsr ffoot Im detwulned by
o9rtA#-f==a1A , vith factor t/2. In this regtrd
161yes oomi*t ~UU=mt cc anglogous taotor for the

AM
MY 1947
"DVpler Moot at Volocitr Greater Um ftat of
Liewt I* Y..- . M a Imt Immi. P. N. U
Acad Sol um, 4 pp
"Dak Akad Ink SM, Nova See Vol LvI, No
DWwIbes u9srtomto vblob show that appwitica
that ftpUr m"oct, during ammat of an at= in
01*Wt MOIIIUX) has :00 Value because at this time It,
WW be IcAlIzed) In not ocrr"t.
+ 4
---------- -------
301 190

of; owl ; ; ; ; ; ;,#ww '#W N OW ; W ; ; ; *ease
k2 I t A . I A
I A -I- K to U-U-m -a a u m 0 - - - -

61NZWEr, V. L -
L4
In," Vol
133, so 1
040%Utlng dlateme Of_
+A$ first ta
*
ths ma, and
Ith

li VIA L7-j X) - w -
ion 1948
Ra"O %ves,
land, "titan at the am and oalpi ttas#s
Naple Vol =av, No l
tekirlb WIMIC an sm's re4io intensity during eolipeoj
*eryat, C00,Or 9=,S_r*dtO Mission at various fre-
e~ ~WA radi~!~ w'doolcm of pawtics aooordir* to
rpt
p
~947-
W,106

GINZBURG, V. L. PA 12/1,9TIO6
Agplied
"Aboontion of 14cro-Aadio Waves In the Atmosphere,"
V.
nUopqkU Fiz Nuak" Vol XXXV, No 4
mat m6at of subjeoto Revieve multiplat
t"at
dial ck~ygeni Diaottesse absorption
dr''
Of a as ion y air,, atmospherso min, fcg
and (11w~rwo
.;UA9"-

Mi
-L_JT JOGFfij1jjjr~jLL REPORT AID 214 - I
PHASE I TREASURE ISLAND WIT
,
graphics.
Text.,Data
Coverage: The book covers: the conception of the ionosphere; dielectric constant
and conductivity of an ioniged gas; wave propagation in a non-
homogeneous Isotropic medium; reflection of radio-waves from ionosphere
layers; wave propagation in an anisotropic medium, (under the effect
of the earth's magnetic field); solar and galactic radiation.
BOOX Call No., QC661.G54
Authori GINZBURq., V.
Full Titl-ei '-fligUR-Y"N' RADIO-VAVE PROPAGATION IN THE IONOSPRM
Transliterated Title: Teoriya rasprostraneniya radiovoln v ionosfere
Publishing Data
Originating Agency: None
Publishing Hounni State Publishing House of Technical Theoretical Literature
WGIZ)
1949 No. pp.t 358 No, of copiest 7,000
Date.
Editorial Staf f
Editort None Tech, Ed.: Nona
Editor-in-Chieft None Appraiser-. None
Others: Leontovich, M. A., Academician, who reviewed the book and made
certain remarks, and Pariyskaya, Z. V., Engineer, who prepared
the
1/2

Teoriya rasprostxanenlya radiovoln v ionosfere AID 214 - I
The author limits his work to the physics of the subject, using
mathematical deductions only when absolutely necessary. The book
from this point of view appears to be of a certain interest. However
it seems to be a compilation of known facts and deductions, as is
shown by the very large number of references, and not an original
Concept.
Purpose- To put the xubject within reach of a broader circle of readers.
Facilities~ The Institute of Physics imeni P. N. lebedev of the Academy of
Selences,USSJ& and the Radio-Physics Department of the Main
Administxation of Geodetics (GGU)
No. of Russian and Slavic References: 69 out of 14"t (1915-1948)
Available: Library of Cono-ess.

GINZWRG., V. L. PA 3oAg 195
p4aization:SAA pelgoeffoot Ot
M*O~tq "00'r, 76, soar the point of
no; Aiso dispuess.
of 'cuffUmt of barilm-
n4l, asr..,th~~O~rle UNwatvre, Sulultts&
tisficnaw a WIM Tltw
Obiwg.. PNm blot ft"I 1. TAud"',
6
st M, Val =1 so I
ur
per

bbr/Apr 49
1~adlo Wayes - Absorption
*The Abearptim of Radio Waves In the Solar
Comma," V. L. Ginzburg, Phys Inst imen5
P. b.Le1,*ds-.,4,oad Set USSR, Radlophys Faculty,
Hoecow State U.. 13 pp
"Abtrc'n Zhur" Vol MI
L' ,No 2
NumInes varlouti formlao for absorption o"
radio vavea In Ionized gas (ionosphere, solar
cotona, Interstellar gas). Given results
of studies conducted to determine thickness
04wcna for wav" of varying frequencies
41p;'As ranSe 0.6 - 50 metere.
-- . ~ A - - 42/4M

UMBURG, V, L, PA 67/49TJ05
Aq 41
L
'Vh* UVA7 ~,i,41~wsjectrjc Phwomm)" V.
0*~Urg., lpp~
.Ptvh IrLz NOW Val =MII$ No 4
40M.'ses (1) tl* them of tdowelectric
a wit0out cosl4oriug anisotromy and
Isit (g),; t"a of Am tramitiou
trio
ta, the;'Oviticia.pohAt., (3) anlootrM of
'260trit I as: the piezo effect in
W4
+Ate
04,70, (4) the vrCkporties of Rodlelle
cap =d
"RW TRW

Lai T84iratures
!~Jbe Theory of Superfluidity and the Critical Speed
0i Relitti II," V. L. Ginzburg, Phys Inst imeni
jWbedev, Acad Sci UM, 4 pp
1I)ok A Neuk SSSR- Vol LXIX, No-2
sent tbeory explains well almost all experimental
~ts relative'-to Be II, However, one very important
nomenoll -- existanpe of critical speed for super-
id fl6v He 11 --1 C'"n'Ot. be quantitatively explairad
Y~Ithe Oeoty. T4is tac-t seems to indicate necessity
F
3
a~~introduclng into t~e theory more accurate esseritial)k
19
400ges ilk its micrOSPOPic Part: the value of the
speed and its dependence upon the apert-dIves
Mth MW tOmPerstUrOf SUbMitted 15 Sep 49 by Acad
:C4. L004tovich.

"0. rowst. fit. so. 1004
t Mm %mt"~"A"46w'
lie tbc I WPOCIOdull" tmdtim iks e stimn
ill a No W a pdw"W * Is i"buliticed, fultually
1-44WO to a* W"t"Im polarkation in the t1wxy W
WiPWOWWW" AW WmIrAlklil kl"Auum ill the
y 'A th4 Irstral br-
..a"=
y ti.
ut the oading,pbrumquir in The tboxy a
trit"sitloul. of W.
ducum Wwum" at
Abovv ILbe crit. temp. &W ill t
"m below it.
Tlibl"villd've ware4undWs" is Im In rAh , way
"""oil are 4"3m1 MW 11141 W-111WOM and the VvCtor
PftatK &W On IdTW IW do ma of a OpffrMil"at
IulU The to, in cocitrast to the elbtiAg
of the surfam tension
;t tin tK;;ZTdW;6rzi and mus uctins pham
:a if"" of the wit. MOSWIc &W and the dwk of PM,.
ratiom 94 the ASM bite CM supercmductilr. Timt depth
- tk Cm Wevit I. AZ M, PMt.1,
=
iu milmoullucisirs of own dimeRwous. in thin fihim,
lbr MWOUCLiC PUtIlIblitift Of tk WIMSIVOll. iS A trAU*i-
inn of the 2W W, mad *wm a transition of the
IM kod a* ubm a --talu cth. tillchum. The ex.
ImW cril. mqpwk Asm Wavat" w" dommains d&k.
"-a of Lbe supwctiodscilms Ahn. bwm the crit. etw.
nment dowum with the tbkknm. N. Than

MUM, V. L.
USSR/Radlo - Wave Diffracticn I`-.F;trorhysics Al r 50
"Diffraction of .4,olar ard Co-nnIc Radio 'Wlaves on thp Mo n," G, 0. G,.-tirantpev, V. L.
Ginzburg, Fhysicotoch InA, Gorlkiy State U, 4 yr
TIZImr Eksper i T(~oret Fiz" Vol XX, No 4
Discusses rrzblem of diffracti.-r. -f radIc waves from the sun -9rd cosmic obiects by the
moon from standrcint of ros&ibllity of loc7lizirlr~ sources -r *-t~se wnves. -jubmitted
2 Dec 49.
FA 159T107

GIRMOp V. L.
qo~ueftvlty Oct 50
"Present State of the Theory of Supercon-
ductivity," V. L. Ginzburg
"Uspekhi Piz Nauk" Vol XLII, No 2, pp 169-219
Headings; 1. History. 2. Basic Faperimental
Facts- 3- Old Phenomenological Theory. 4. Nev
Phenowenological Theory and Basic Relations.
.5. Concrete Results 6f the Now Theory. 6. Norma
Current in Superconductors. 7. Normal and
Anomlous -Skin Effect in Metals. To be con-
tinued ndxt Iss"'6f,this joii=ai.
1TIT83
PA 171T83

GTN79URO, V. L.
FA 172T98
UwAtIsits - evverconauctmo NOT 50
. 1
"Present State of the Theory of Superconductivitypo
V. U. Ginsburg
"Uspekh Fiz Ngue Vol XLII, No 3, Pp 333-361
CcMgj,udIng article considers normal current in
stporcovductors, and normal and anomalous skin
wfftot in metals. Gives extensive bibliographyp
c=siating of 104 references both Russian and
f*A*Ign.
172T98

pl~ IOT99
MM/Pb3*ies - ftfto-WM ftdI4 Ang 53.
"Weat of ]Atere)Actron Collisions on Absorption
of Radiowaves in Meyer aid in the Solar Corona,"
V, L. OiAtInirg, Pbys Ihst 'men' Lebedev, Acad Sci
USSR
Mur TeM Ifiz" Vol XXI, No 8j PP 943-947
Discusses problem of datg Conan of mols in
I-layer. Shms that Under certain circimtsuces,
94tereftIng from the standpoint of F-2aM and
001" corms in"stigations, interelectron col-
Usious do nat cwtribute torsdio-wave fading.
Mmitt,ed 31 D*a IM.
MOW

9"R/Awsics - SuperconductIvIty G" 51
"Debwrior of Superconductors in High-47'requency
V, L" Ginzb=g, Ph" Inst imeni TAbed*V,
kind Sci USSR
"Zhvx Eksper i Teoret. Piz" Vol XXI, No 9, pp
qTq~_qql
Dlsin=ses eqs representing behavior of supercon-
4uctcrs in alternating electromagnetic field.
ObUdus expressions of surface impedance in super-
c, Ir 1-t. Treats problems of verification of elec-
tron theory of metals in normal state and beat
conductance of superconductors with account of
w 193M
SuperconductivIty SOP 53.
(Coutd)
conviective heat transfer. Author tbadmAcad L. D.
Ldludww for advice. Submitted 8 Sep 50.
im

volt 14 goo 8
Sept, 1953
-13
/- L
L.Wad luum..L3r On the sm A
Transhited by G. Belkav. National Reseamb Counsil
of Canada, Ottawajech Tramdation TT-305, 23 pp.
0952).
Akad. Nauk SSSR. lurnal Eikqw. Tooret. Fix. 17, 227-1t,
2.47 (1947) ; these Rev. 9, 553.

GINZDURr-~ V. L.
Theory of 1~rojagatinn of Hadio Waves in the Ionosphere. Glavpoligragizdat, Nain
PolygraT,hic i"u:)lishing flouse, )58 PP, 1952.

GINZBURG, T.L.
--- 0- , ~ ,, twift
Introduction of anisotropy into the theory of superconductivity. Zh.
eksper, teor, Piz. 2), No.2, 2)6-8 '5Z- (KIRA 5:9)
(FA 36 no.668:5480 '5))

GITIZDUIRG i. L.
0
1 52
flProblems of the Theorj of Electric Fluctuations," 'sp.. 'Wiz. nauk 1116, No 3, 19LJ .
MIA Aurust 1952

Conde.. -Dws
!~MQ*Wdc: RRYZ as tbe~;SoUrc'e of Galactic Radio Raw atiqu
V. L. Gin2burg, Phys Inst imeni LOWOV-08,
Acad"Sci USSR
wftk Ak Sauk -SSSR- Vol LXXV -No 3, PP 37T-380
Slacounts thermal radiation or interstell electrozo
w souice of bot spots, as proposed by A. Unsoeld In
Astropbys., 26, 176, 1949. Considers note-
up rt* new proposal tbat-subject galactic radio on-
=Wtion is the Brebastrablung of relativistic elv~c-
I.e., the electron component of conde

GMEUM, V. 1-
#~M/Phptcis - ftMrcaudWtiVLty Theory Sep 52
"present status of Theory of Superconductivity. Part
11: Microscopic Theory," V. L. Ginzburg
111spekhi, fit Nauk" Vol 48, No 1, pp 25-118
Atyiews general knavledge on subject, emphasizing
dIfficulties in creating a general theory. Criti-
tives hypothesis of spontaneous currents and analyzes
Olamagnetic hypothesis and quasimicroscopic approach
to the theory. Gives 136 references.
230M

USSR/Physics - Superconductivity 21 Mar 52
"Behavior of SuperconrIucting Films in a VaLVxetic
Field," V.L. Giniburg, Phys That imeni,Lebedev.*
ACOLd Sc i USSR
"Dok Ak Nauk sssRr Vol 83, No 3, PY 385-388
States that the problem of the behavior of super-
conducting films in e. magnetic field possesses
let-order signIficance, but that until recently
the theory of supercond seemed not to be in a
position to give the correct pictuxe of the be-
barior of superconductors in fields. Besides the
remarks maA earlier on this matter (see Gixmbure
22-~
and Lnndau, I'Zhur Eksper i Teoret Fiz" 20, 1064
1950), the author indicates new works (see X.M.
Loot, Peoc Roy Soc 208, 391, 1951; N.V. Zavarit-
skiy, mok Ak Nauk sssRn Vol 78, 665, 1951) vhich
he says, are absolixtely against the old theory
an& in q~ml agre ut with facts. Sulbrimitted by
AcaA L.D_ TAMOOm 30 Jan 52.
CCA 41 tir"
227T68

f
-4
41"
CV
U=/AztrmcW - Hadlo Stws il ifty 52
"Interstell- Matter and Ionospheric Disturbances
Lead-ing co Flickering of Radio Stars," V. L. Ginz-
burg, Phys Tnat imeni Lebedev, Aced Sci USSR
"Dok Ak Nauk ssswl vol. 84, No 2, pp 245-247
Subject was recently analyzed by M. Ryle and
A. Hevish (cf. M. N. Roy Soc, 3-10, 381, 10150).
Author states he intends to develop subject by
studying screening action of moom, vhich should
eclipse, at a certain time, the flow of assumed
Xnterstellar particles to the earth, these
231T6o
particles allegedly being responsible for ioniza-
tion of ionosphere and flickering of radio stwa.
Beceived.28 -Tan 52.
23IT60

IA. L. ALIPERTp and F. L. FFINBFRG.
r,INZBURG,.
Rasprostranenie radiovoln. Moskva, Gostekhizdat, 1953. 883 P.,
illus., tables, diagra.
Bibliography: p. 870-883. L~65 referenceo.
Title tr.: Radio wave proparation.
Qc661.Ah2
SO: Aeronaatical Sciences and Aviation in the Soviet Union, Library of
Cong,ress, 1955.

MUM. T.L.
Relativistic *gyration* and the theory of non-localizing
TuEava fields. Zhur.ekep. I teor.fis. 25 no.6;757-759 D 153.
(Yield theory) (MU 7: 10 )

qII
VM/Muclear- Pby*ics - Comdc VA7a -NOT
Qxis;in
"The Origin of Cosmic Rays and Radio-Astronomy,"
'I. L. Ginzburg
ftp Piz Nauk, Vol 51, Mwo 32 PP 343-392
k review of evirrent literature, Western and
Sorriet, on the subjects: cosmic radio-emanatIve-
and electron component of cosmic rays; movemeat
of charged particles in interstellar space; the
statistic mechanism governing the acceleration
of particles in interstellar space and in the
2IM4
shells of stars; theory of the solar origin of
cosmic rays; the theory that supernovae and novae
are the probable sources of cosmic rays. CItes
30 Western and 25 Soviet references: Ta. P.
Terletskiy, G. 0. Getmantsev.-`I, S. Sbkloviskiy,
L. A. Artsimovich, 1. Ya. Pomeranchuk, V. V.
Vladimirskiy, A. A. Sokolov, 1. M. Frank)' S. B.
Pikellner, 1. M. Gordon (DAN USSR, No 3, 1953),
V. 1. GoVdanskiy-,',A. L. Lyubimov, *B. V.
Nedvedev,'A. A. Logunov, L. E. GurevIch, and
's. Z. B~len'kiy.
2T2"4

V, Jl-
N11
or acmda(01 of pati
Aulb of a* s(aaw.
1949 for
i
=lot *t) is
la order ufaimm.bow a
A.- ly =11110 W116 60 Me um - muld mah
mtmaq wwdoat
t, ju
In ItO art athiakd.
1j W, 1, 4%I41
T
ai
it
I
J1

ARARTSWAII, V.A., akiulemik, rodaktor: DIPSURG, v.L., radak-tor: ISYKIN. G.A..
kandidat fiziko-matematichepkikh riV_17-767alrnor; MLSSEVICH, A-Go, kandi-
dat fizik-)-m-tematichaskikh nftrl~,r'f'~aktor; TMIRSKIT, Ta.P., drjktor
fIzIkx)-mtam&ticheskikh nauk, r(,O&JI-tor; SHKLOVSKIT, I.S., doktcr fiziko-
mtomtichaskikh nauk, rodaktor; FRAMN, M.I., red:O-tor; ALMEMA,
T.V., teklinlebaekir radaktoro
[Transactions of the Third Conference on Problems of Cosmogony, May
14-15, 1953. Origin of cosmic rays] Trudy ... soveshchanila ... 1"15
maia 1953 go; proieldiozhdonie kosmicheakikh luchei. Mosk~a, Izd-vo
Akmdtimii wuA SSSR, 1954. 319 po (MIRA 8:4)
1. Chlen-korrespondent AN SSSR (for Ginzburg).
(Coamic rays)

f

A

-espo of:A ad. of So. USSR
Con
J
a *MV

1954
Ood
Ab~ a'
i#oblem of ~radio4stronoqy is the study of extrtterres-
0.
~t 10 ;Olov* iii ithe tAtrul of from 7 = to 30 m. The develop
r
.
1
4,;
aloe
t sidorobly enlarged the part of the
o-#~s ro"M Poll
of
t a trud use
gnA d tot astronomical Investigations. The
'
a A41 adi~ 'methods in astronomy is that the radio
V4
r' 0~ the st6:,and ~man3r other cowde objects is usually emanated
'
f Verf"kk Illumination in the visible part of the spec-
~
~otiltqdied by Mio methods are; the sun, our
I* 44c o~O
-
i~JMO.Individual galactic and extragalactic nebulae.

,
and for
stud
f mete
MM- ar
th
fr
d hi
hl
ti
i
als
Wi
e
e
ors
ec
ve
m
n
y e
y o
o g
41 -4gations. Another interesting radiorastronomical
invoit
671
i !ratllo 10cation of tho moon ( ick up of radio signals sent

:
Ph
t
thb
t
t
d b
lt
d
h
a
5
moon
o
os.
lb:
te
e
.
an
h
re
y
lostlt,~tion

Vr' 1, X,
fe~,d
41
~.I; If "j-~;! !,ji;
V-
hot
.... ......
o
WW 'S'
00~14o, Wov-Doo 1954
At-
4rlon 06ofosnac
dot
t JW
',;,I %w-IoTAuw
The par
WOE tbra
bf..
ormatalls are,Usted
are. dooodbod,:'
11.11-K! O~a -Copy
411913-4M) 'Tab
i! ab~di4 Mysice Institute

'. / Y Z -f ue6~ V. t- -
USSr,/T.',, clear P sics - wave equations FD-747
Card 1/1 Pub 146-lY/22
Author Ginzburg, V. L., and Silin, V. P.
Title Some remarks on relativistic wave equations with mass spectrum
Periodical Zhur. eksp. i teor. fiz., 27, 116-il8, Jul 1954
Abstract Letter to the editor. Analyze equations from works by H. Yukawa
(Phys. Sev. 91 (19531). A. Pais (physica, 19 11953]) and J. Rayski
(Nuovo Cimento, 10, 11953j) and the reasons for the divergences in
computations. 11 references, including the 3 mentioned foreign.
Institution Physical Institute imeni Lebedev, Acad. Sci. USSR
SubmitLed April 19, 191i4

GINZBURG, V.1.
Y.N.Iressenikh's old and new errom Zhur.eksp. I teor.fiz. 27
no.4:517-520 0 '54. (MLRA 7.12)
(Radio waves) (Kessenikh, V.N.)

()INZBMG, V.L.
Radio astronomy. Pirlroda 43 no.5:12-21 My 154. ARA ?:5)
1. Chlen-korrespondent Akadestil nauk SSSR. (Radio astronomy)

7 7

447
CPA.'
A6tho 10
TMei
an ~ 0
*Ooiho appll ation of thermodynamloo to olectrdoal

lk.~ -498, Muth 1954
A~A 'A" +16;tbe '*or by M. L. lavin (men 486 -494) repiding
~'
,

rm ft

i1irij
ilaiji. t

ne theautbor
96 ion of elootrical fluotuati
dusep t Uttb !~'ibr ' resenting an erroneous and false picture of

!1+4
li- asixed
-that the ana ein of the problem as
1y

a likil * no means OOMP
lote and strict In all
core
Oontrary, t4ore are moments in the lizdto of
f 'e
t exvrj6~o approach Aid require further
Ciro
A
sumary of the original Gorelik work to inolud-
i
t
n
ottIor. 311g
ht reforencee.
*Dtitutton

GIMMG. VA.
-------
Red displaeonent In solar and stellar spectra. Dokl. AN SSSR 97
no.4t 617-62o Ag 154. (MLRA 7:9)
1. Chlen-korrespordent Akadomii uauk SSSR. 2. Fisicheekiy institut
im. P.Mebedeva Akadamil nauk SSSR.
(Stm--Spectra) (Stare--spectra)

ii
A
i,:iiIiwbii~ earres', of the Aced. of Soo. of the MSR
p
Properti" of metals
opt
T:~ 1
.954
00~j 4tig 21p I
o irop;
Abot~tct A, o~~ ou6ax arties of metals is described. The
i ;use 4A iq~~,,crede a do
pendable, theory that vould
*t*
t: J6 pq ~,Lon~ of the optical phenomena obser7ed
di#o, id xoml~ and to show that the experi-.
e
n4i'a'eiifaie~ftot theoretical calculations
lei
'U W).
en POOSS 3922~1
zi 4*tt~e io P N, Lebedev of the Aoad. of Ses. of the
--------------------------

14"', r
St.
L
V
ral
Gii MeW,*t Correspondent of the Acad. of Sea. of the USSR
gi j
771 IT
On' ori
ray's
*odit6
Dq~'~' An 7034061 Doe Up 1954
of cosmic rays are criticized. These
AbOract i The !Oirre sorlies,4 th Origin,
7
the,ir ;:_.a, i. . Ila I~iiii, i Morrison ard cthe rs, are based on the assumption
inti 11 6celerit* acquired by primary particles due to their collie-
r# 31a
Tii.i'drjiieism mifily analyses Fermi's expression fcr an ih~.
*u t a,
dex; cosmi~~l ay a
bovri
;a TI 0I.r en rgy in the spectrlam, (where T - the
ii a p~rllt,Ule in ithe gnlaxies, CA - tbD coefficient In the'equation of tI:ej:.-
crepancies and
kle addeliqvitio6i and those dis.
2~
Tel
con r, ai :me finds by substitutinj som experinental date into
ctii~i which
the ji~.;Ve 6 n Ihirteen references 7-USSR (1949-i954).
Institutiion 4 TheilVhysicA~~ill~~id
stitut4'Am, P. N. Lebedev of the Acad. of Sea. of the USM
Subi~ittdd
J

GINSBURalt V. Le
"The Nature Of C03mic Radioemission and the Origin of Cosmic Rayss"
paper submitted at the International Astronomical Union Radio AstronoW
Symposium., Jodre,3.1 Bank, UK9 Aus 1955
A-40421 - II

GINZBURG.T.L.,GRAMITSKIT, I.N.;KASKLINSKAYA, S.Te.;LIVSHITS, D.M.
. I---_
Spectrographic determination of minor impurities in a few raw
materials, seal-finished products and pure metals in copper
and nickel production. Izv.AN SSSR.Ser.fit.19 no.2:211-216
Mr.-Ap '55. (MLRA 9:1)
(Tartu-.-Spectrum analysis--Congresses)

USSR/Atomic and Molecular Physics - Low Temperature Physics, D-5
Abst Jour--nal: Referat Zhur - Fizika, No 12, 1956, 34429
Author: Ginzburi;, V. L.
lrr3titutir-n: N,)ne
"itle: On ttie Ttieory of Superconductivity
Original PerI4)d--'-ai: Zh. eksper. i teoret. fiziki, 195/5, 29, No 6, 748-761
Abstract: A (Ligcassit:in ~!f many problems in the theory of superc~anductivlity in
stant and variable fields. Certain experimental data on the depeDdence of the dep!-.h
of penetratior of (s Lin the maCnetic field and on the magnitude of the surfEce
sion between the super--rjnd,-ctixjg and normal phases are not in al-reement with the
V. L. Ginzburg and L. D. IaDdau theary (Zh. eksper. i teoret. flniki, 1956, ~0,
Agreement is possible if it ic assumed that the characteristic charEe, entering irtD
the theory, is r,ot equal to the charge of the electron and exceeds it in ma.--,niti.le Dy
several times. Pippanl'r expe,.-impnts, which 6ive for lead a roniDonotonical '-,ehavior
of the dependenc~e of 8 on the angle between the current and tlie tetragonal tu-'-i3 of
the specimen, contradict,r, rol, only the Ginzburg and Landau theory, but alS,~ Lne
Lordon theory. Ilowever, -Q:c (!xperimental data thewselves are not sufiiciently
i -.) V 'j - I -

-c anj Jkle.~tilar Physics - Low Temperature Phys'cs, D-5
/it :I -T Refr-W. Zhw- - Fj.zika., No 12, 1956, 34429
Gj,-zhu)-g, V. L.
NODe
I,Ae: Cm thf, Wicroscopic Ilic-ory of' Superconductivity
Ori;,7fnal Periodical: Zh. eksper, i teoret. fiziki, 1955, 29, No 6, 748-761
Atstract: reliable. Becai;se of this, and because of many mher considerations, the
a4thor considers the equation suggested by Pippard in lieu of the London equation to
be Illivalid for the -_-connection between the density of the superconduction currert v.
and the vector 1-Itemial A of the magnetic field. The section of the article devoted
tc the behavior of superconductors in high frequency fields containc, EL summary of
equaticits relating thf:! curface impedance, the effective conductance, and the effec-
tive diela,~tri~- C"Ir"StEnt of the metal for the general case (for the linear region,
at timall fieldsi) I'cr !Le case of rA superconductor. Analysis of' The nwerical -linta,
obtuived froin opticul 'nvestigations, leads the tLuthor to the crinciasion that the
-f superconductii;c, electrons at T w 0 is several times sralier then the num-
ber of conldu_-tior, eLectrons at T > Tk- In this manner, a portion c)4 the convection
2 o !, 3 - 2 -

US3P./A'-r,-r~-'c and Mcle::Ular TIVSiCE: - Low Temperature JlhyaicB, D-~,
At-st -T-~-jxnal- Refers' Z11far - Fiziha, No 12, 1956, 34h29
Auth,;r: U3.4rzt,urg, V. 1.
Ni:ne
J.
Title: Or tht, Macr~xq)'Lc Theorn of Superc on duct iv ity
Origiral Per.1cdJcal: U. eksper. i teoret. fiziki, 1~1,1, 29, No L. 4 8 - 61
7 -1
Ab -it ra ct :electi-x)a 41hould chanf--e over to the bound state in the superconduction
trariRitlen. The last spz~tion cf the article discuvoes attempto to ectimate the ,cfl-
tribuLion of rcrmal electrons to the surface impedance of the superconductor wider
the asalimpticr, that the theory of the anomalous skin effect is applicable to them.
The calculati-Lons made by the author using a simplified scheme (Zh. eksper. i tecret.
fiziki 1951, 21, 979) are compared vith the calculations made by A. A. Abrilwsov
(D,-,kl. AN SSSR, 1952 86, 43)- 7he difference in the results can ~-,e substantial only
n the riciTAT,y CT T 0 and T = 'k- In conclusion, the need for further measure-
ments (,t' the properties rif supercondixtors In the region of' centil-eter, millimeter,
ar.d 1rif rared waves In wplinsizen.
3 C', f 3

USSR/Physics Helium II
Card 1/1 Pub. 146 - 22/26
FD-28,3,r
Author Gin?burg, V. L.
Title Surface energy connected with tangential discontinuity of velocity in
helium II
Periodical Zhur. eksp. J. teor. fiz., 29, August 1955, 254-256
Abstract The writer notes that one of the most essential problems in the
theory of superfluidity is, as already indicated by him (ibid.,
14, 135, 1944; DAN sssR, 69, 16.1, 194911, the question of the char-
acter of the tangential break in the velocity of the superfluid part
of helium, v,,, at the boundary of the liquid with the wall, the
presence of such so discontinuity proceeding from the fact that the
helium atoms stick to the wall (solid body) and simultaneously the
tangential component vs near the wall is not oqual to zero from the
macroscopic -.riewpoint, i.e. even in the immediate neighborhood of the
wall (L. D. Landau, J. of Phys., 5, 71, 1941). The author thanks
Academiciail :,*,. D. Landau and Professor Ye. M. Lifshits. Ten references.
Injtitution Physics Institute im. P. N. Lebedev, Academy of Sciences USSR
Submitted April 21, 1955

PIKILINKRI, S.B~- GLIUMG, Y.L.; SWMVSKIT, ll,,
Machamism *f particle accolmration L, exislopes of noy" aid
supavaov&o. Astroz. zhur. R ao,6:50i 513 N--D !5.5.
(Sturs, 116w) (~MA 9:2)

LIVIN,M.L.; GINZBM,V.L.
Application of thermodynamics to electric fluctuations. Usp.
fix. nauk 56 no.1:146-148 my 155. (MLRA 8:6)
(Electromagnetic theory) (Thermodyuamice)

GMBURG, VeL,; FBTKMG, Ye.L.
-~rFlfl', *':"
Igor' grgenlevich Tom; on his 60th birthday. Usp.fiz.nauk 56
ns-4:469-475 Ag 155. (KLRA q:1)
(Tamm. Igor' Wgonlevich, 1895- )

jql
1955
1e optical ob.
of I
)f refrac
-of ljgbtby ~M-"
&U011 as d"C'
orp,
no
14" S
oil,
dim
place
hil 24 USA and T
"El

Ion.
ebiMWO V41 Pll~
orp of Ses#,UM, and Sh
htt 614~rom to Wale aud anomalous *14atmot adasica
0I
21o 1955
itho, ki4stio taVerature of elootrowlia =talv
sputo,o 0600'' idbrodlh vhiah the fo (a tii-- hxiatio
YAMS 4
'w ky(t) (the Ferad runctioi or
ti 6, lbi~ 46 i t~04 0011isjond at CeVt4jA:'ti*qrai%ires i
0 AU 0 04 U
=4 T as oomsponditj W~
LOWAt4tiot, doos not Obange muoh the eleattlo'.06D6
.1 41" i 0 smi I Is greatV afteialted'iV.,
K as on
tjy Ci
fr
x being the output
M4 OSC
Watt ftsical Institute

-Z
Pill
Memb. Correaps of the Aud.
8i It 0:
t6ll*~bauli~!io~ formation of lonospherio hateropusity
i J) ik i: AN AkElk 100/4 447-65o, reb 1. 1955
Abs*ac~ vocti* ilojtobij~t.4' as 6 cause of the heterogeneity of the Ionosphere
64 the o6nductivity, visoosity of the ionosphere and
ux
10 ti 10 a #ffid ats Oonsiderid as possible factors in the formation
0111 oh Ostobjj~~ y1hein,re'forenceei 5 USSR and 10 British
91
iico-i~QWQal 86idroh Institute of the Gorkiy State University

GINEBURG. V.L.
Light scattering In the neighborhood of second-order phase
transition points. DOkl- AN SM 105 no.2:240-243 '55. (KLM 9:3)
1. Chien-karreepondent AN SURt 2. lizicheakiy institut imeni
P.N. Lebadeva Akademil nauk SM.
(Light--Scattering)

wSBURG, X..~ (macaw)
"On superconducting ferromagnatics," a paper submitted at the
Inte=ational Conference on Physics of Magnetic Phenomena, Sverdlovsk.,
23-31 May 56.

GINNEM, V. L.$ SIT11OVSK.-n't 1. lc. and S. P.
I'lladio Radiation of' Discrete ~Iource5,11 a report del-vemd at the S.,;~rpc>stan or,
-Bank- Experimental Radloastronordcal Station,
ha~lioastronorv holQ at the jodell
Manchester University, Englan, is swunarized in the arcuunt of thi-, S.)7rm)3iw-: in
lul article by V. V. V11YEVICH in Vest. Ak. NaWr S'.-O'SR for Jaiviar.'l- 1956.
Sum. 900) 26 Jnr 56

GMBUFa T Le inodairtor; JAYK2, GJ., kandidat fis.-sat. nauk. rodaktor;
I .
EA., kandidat f Is.-vat. nauk, rodaIrtor; SRLT413M,
doktor fis.-mat. nemk; IMM, K&I., redaktor; KUMI, To. V..
tokhnicheskiy rod.Rktor.
(Proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Problems nf Cosso u
go ~Y;
redioastronosyl Trudy piatogo soveshchaniia po voprosam ko'eme- -
goull; radioastrononiia. Moskva, 1956, Isd. Akadexii neuk SSBI.
567 p. (KLU 9: 5)
1.3oveshchantA po voprosax kosmogonii. 5th, Moscow 1915.2.Chlen-
korrespondent AN SSIM (for Glumburg).
(Radio astronomy)

,.jtegpry USSR/Radiophysics - Application of radiophysical methods
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Pizika, No 1, 1957,No 19B7
1-12
Author Ginzburg,_Y~j,... Pisariva, V.V.
Title -CE-V- I
he git-ure of I e Fluctuations of the Intensity of Solar Radio Waves and
of the Irregalarities in the Solar Corona.
Or4g Pub Tr. 5-go soveshchitniya po vopr. kosmogonii. 1955, M., AN SSSR, 1956, 229-241,
diskus. 241
Abstract A theoretical evaluation is made of the mechanism of scattering of radio
waves by the irrelpilarities of the solar corona. The fluctuations in the
intensity of the received radio waves, caused by diffraction, may be of two
types; diffraction in the corona may make the field of the radio waves in-
homogeneous in the coordinate system that is tied to the sun) and the rotation
of the sun with the motion of the earth will cause fluctuations in the in-
tensity to be observed on the earth; the diffraction pattern changes on the
sun itself owing -to the motion of corona irregularities. The following sim,
plified situ*~ion is considered: diffraction occurs in the corona at the edge
of the thin mon4transparent semi-infinite screen. The resultant diffractio4i
pattern (with a characteristic dimension xo - 7000 km for /N utl - 5 M ) will
move relative to m observer on earth, so that at points located at various
longitudes a shift will be observed in the patterns (with time), equal to
Card 1/2

T
Cr t,?goi. yUSSR/Radiophysics - Application of radiophysical methods 1-12
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika.. No 1, 1957, No 2000
Author Ginz,burg, V.L.
Title d6_miI_C_RfffF'%vf_-s azid Cosmic Rays
Orir, Pub Tr. 5-go soveshcluLnlyzi po vopr. kosmogonii. 1955, M., AN SSSR, IQS", 1138-456
dibim-s. 457-167
~i~;trac' New data are repoited concerning the nature of co,;m1c radio waves, and new
materie.1a are cited on a theory of the origin of cojmIc rays, which 12 re-
lated to rad-io astronomy (identification of the fundamental part of cosmic
radio radiation with magnetic bremsstrahlung of electrons of cosmic rays).
An argment in favor of such a theory is the "radio coronas" observed by
Baldwin (Ref, Zhur. Fiz. 1956, 23594) in the M31 nebula, confirming the gal-
actic origin of the isotropic component of the radio waves. The hyl*,thesis
that novas and supernovas are sources of cosmic rays is confirmed by the
radio waves from the Eagle Nova of 1918, the similarity between the spbsystem
formed by sources of cosmic rays and the sv~system of the novas and supernovas.,
etc. The latest data,on cosmic rays (high-latitude cutoff, character of inter-
actions between protons and nuclei, relationships between beams of various
groups of nuclei, etc.) also fit completely into the picture proposed.

C~t~egory USSR/Racliophysics - Application of raliophysical methods 1-12
'AbsIJour Ref Zhur - Fizika, Nq 1, 1957 No 2000
During the discus3ions, I.M. Gordon deduced frm ener&7 coAsiderations
that the 3tatistical mechanism, effective in the shells of stars, cannot be
employed to explain the acceleration of eleatronz,. 'The electrons are ac-
celerated not in the shells, but in the -tars themselves (particularly, in
the supernovas thauselves).
The balanced spectrum of the electrons in the galaxy, actording to a cm-
ment made by M.I. ]~'radkln during the discussion, becomes steeper in the higher-
energy region ar, a result of the radiation in the magnetic fields, and be-
comeii le5s aloping in the lower- energy region as the result of the ionization
lo.sses. Accordingly, the radiation spectnm produced by these electrons will
be less zteep in the region of the longer waves (hundreds of meters), and
steeper in the Acrter-wave interval. Bibliography, 56 titles.

ZA
uutege~t7y USSR/Radiophysica - Application of radiophysical methods 1-12
Abr Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 1, 1957, No 2oo4
Author Ginzburg, Y.L.
Title N~ie R~h_liiiim of the Formation of Ionospheric Irregularities, Resulting
in the Flicker of"'Radio Stars."
Orig Pub Tr. 5-go soveshchaniya po vopr. kosmogonii. 1955, M., AN SSSR, 1956, 512-519
Abs-~ract Fluctujations in the intensity and in the angle at which radio waves from
discrete sources arrive at-be earth (called the flicker of "radio stars")
are due to ionospheric irregularities. Three mechanisms by whichtirregular-
Itiec are torned ELre conzidered: 1) the incidence of interstellar matter,
attracted by the sim, on the ionosphere; 2) convective instability, occuring
in regions with a negative temperature gradient; 3) turbulization, due to
ionospheric winds. Although the first mechanism explains the observed daily
course of the flickering, there are many obseriation data to refute this
hypothesis (flicker due to solar eclipses, relationship to ionospheric winds,
etc.). The convective hypothesis can be assumed acceptable, it one can es-
tablish the existence of regions with negative temperature gradients in the
ionosphere. The proposed turbulizaiion of the Ionospheric streams encounters
many difficulties (the small R6ynolds numbers), although an argament in its
favor is the observed correlALtion between the flicker and the ionospheric
Card

Categetry - USSR/Ija&ophysics - Application of radiophysical methods 1-12
Abs.Jour : Ref Zhnr - Fizilm, No 1, 1957 No 2oo4
winds, and the fact that tonorpheric wInd.,3 exist. In view of the lack of
agreement between the first hypothesis and experiment, two alternatives re-
main, the choice of which depends on results of further observations on the
ionosphere, on the correlation between the flicker and the ionospheric
winds, etc. Bibliography, 12 titles.
Card - 2/2

/V Z
Category USSR/Radiopbysics - Application of radiophysical methods
Abs Jour Ref Zhiw -- Fizika, No 1, 195'( No 2010
Author Ginzburg, V.L.
Title i~ess~i'F~e Closing Session
1-12
Orig Pub Tr. 5-go soveshchanlya po vopr. kosmogonii. 1955, M., AN SSSR, 1956, 562-564
Abstract Formu.1ation of many urgen:t problems that must be solved by radio astronomy,
including the determination of the spectrum of the radio waves from the
galaxy and from discrete sources, search for the polarizatipn of the radi-
ation fr(xa cosmic sources, the study or the sporadic radiation from the sun,
intergalactic monochromatic radiation of hydrogen, etc. It is indicated that
it is necessary to develop radar methods for the investigation of meteors,
the moon, the planets, and the sun, and that it is necessary to establish
a ,,lose collaboration between radio astronomy and optical astronomy and the
physict; of' cosmic rays.
Card 1/1

R C-)
Category USSR/Theoretical Physics - Theory of Relativity and Unified Field B-2
Theory
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, No 2, 1957/ No 2910
Author Ginzburg, V.L.
Title -Verification of the General Relativity Theory and
Artificial Earth's Satellites.
Orig Pub Priroda, 1956, No 9, 30-39
Abstract No abstract
Cara 1/1

I N k,.5 Q -~ C,9 v k.
USSRjIIIqs!cs aff the Atmosphej-,-,~ - Upper layers of the Atmospher~i, lonoBphere M-6
Abst 11: r,~.t Zhur - F~izlha, Nc, 12., !956, 3&-122
I *.-
kuth-ir: Ger6hmav, B. 11. , rj:'!.nz,btj-rg. V. L.
Ttlatit utl .,:Itl I
T! On ttle Rffecl, (.-V The Maguat' Ic Field cn thF ve. --.natability
pktr~rf-.q J Stars and in the Earthlo "ouoqpher~F!
tte kmc-s
O.rlg~x-al
Pc-rj,)d,!,.:aII: 1kb. 2ap, Gor'hovak . un-La, 1956, 30, .41-29
~tf I~k~i probl,~& (-~f ~,,f Qi,~! fi.eld on trvt
Ia-0;ab-,II.ty 1jzjdRr c"idJtI.,,.,)s whan the electric Conduc-
tivsf,v JjI ~exact,!-y wha+,~ r)~-curs '.p the i:-nr-sphere and
uxider cs~mair) astrophpical cond.~fiona) - It is ahown that in the
earth's Junos T
phere, by virtue )f the prpsence of a ccngiderable
number 17)f mnlecules, the magnertdc f:!eld prat bardly cbangt%E)
tbv~ RayInigh Dimber At, Lhe mutte I,ime, An a pur~mly
-41o.-c-tran-lon jol-aama, tbt-- el'f' t. th- magoetIc I'leld may bx~ con..
ii1derable, although it C-.haD4 the anl.sotropi.~~,i of tne electric
and tb,~~mal ccouductivit-ite are takem into au,--w)t
Card

at ;r. y USSR/ftclear PbyBiCB Cosmic rays C-7
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika, fio 1, 1957
., No 615
Author Glubur Vy - L
Inst 4 ~Iwt., Bead- of Sciences USSR
Title On the Origin of Coamic Rays.
Orig Pub Izv. Alf SUR, tier. fiz-, 1956, 20, No 1, 5-16
Abutract Certain new investigations are evaluated fram the point of view of a
theory, based on radio-astronomical data, developed by the author and
others concerning the origin of cosmic rays in supernova and nova stars.
In particular, the latest radio -astronomical 'investigations on the quasi-
spherical distribution of galactic radio waves indicate a similar distribution
of cosmic rays in the giLlaxy; the detection of radio waves from nova stars
donfirms indirectly the previous assumption that cosmic rays are generated not
only in supernovas, but also in novas,! analysis of the distribution of the
cosmic radio waves over the heavens has shown that the sources of the primary
cosmic rays occupy -a region shaped like strongly flattened opkeroid with a
radius of almost the same size as the distance between the sun and the center
of the ple.V. The recently established fact that the high-latituae cutoff
in the spectrum of protons and multiple-charge nuclei occurs at the same
Card 1/2

.atejory USSR/Atomic and Molecular Physics - Low-temperature Physics D-5
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - FiziVa, No 2, 1957 No 3528
Author Ginzburg' V.L.
Inst :-715 tics &-t-Irute, Academy of Sciences USSR
Title Certain Remarks Concerning the Macroscopic Theory of Supercondtctivity.
Orig Pub Zh. elmperim i teor. fiziki, 1956, 30, No 3, 593-595
Abstract The author and Landau (Zh. ekBperim. i teor. fiziki, 1950, LO, lo64)
developed a macroscopic theory of superconductivity for the case TK.-T
/ 10. Here
PIAI up LH' 0,23 and pl.,H-0,2'1 as well as qL_ 0 are assumed. At equilibrium it follows
from these'equations that q p/qH - N pTE/NHTP f- 30. Thus it must be assumed that
either the sources conta,"Ln no hydrogen at all or that the acceleration of the
protons is considerably below that of the particles. At NL/NM the above system
of equations is in direct contradiction to experimental data. The solutions for
NB N M, and NL are explicitly given for a punctiform gource. In consideration of
diffusion as well its of the oharacter of the distribution of the sources of
cosmic radiation the problem of the composition of cosmic radiation is solved
within the framework of the theory investigated here. However, insufficient
knowledge of various parameters (particularly of N L/NM ) requires further
investigations.
INSTITUTION: Physioal Institute "P.N.LEBEDEV" of the Academy of Science in the
USSR

SU9JECT USSR PHYSICS CARD 1 / 2 PA - 1666
AUTHOR GINSBURG,V-L-
TIT'LE On the ExPiFrimental Determination of the Instability of the
Normal Phase in Supraoonductors.
PERIODICAL lurn.eksp.i teor fis,31,fase-3,541-543 (1956)
Issued: 12 / 19;6
The utmost undercooling observed by T.E.FABER,Proc.Roy.Soc.,231,353 (1955) is
probably characteristic of an ideal metal which cannot be undercooled up to
field strengths below a certain value H W In this connection it is true for
Al that H. This result follows, according to the
'I - (0,035 - 0,04).Ho.
authorts opinion, immediately from the theory on supraconductivity developed
by LANDAU and GINSBURG, for the normal phase of the supraconductor remains un-
stable at certain oonditions with respect to the production of intermediate
layers of the normal phase. These intermediate layers occur whenever the normal
Phase finds itself in a magnetic field satisfying the following conditions:
2 7H_
E HU/ F2 (n+1 /2), n- 0, 1 , 2, 3... -(T'20c)H KM6 0 16. 10 KM 60
Here 6 0 denotes the depth of penetration of the weak magnetic field into the
supraconductor. The magnetic-, field can, in the normal phase, be dim~nisked only
down to the value H~l - (2- Jf Him. At H ;~ H., the formation of the germs of the
superconducting phase is selected with the occurrence of a surface energy, and
thus the normal phase is metastable within the domain H~j < H < Ho. At H. H~1?

V
ZuTrL.ekep.i toor.fis,3~,fase-3,541-543(1956) CARD 2 / 2 PA - 1666
horever, the normal phase-is unstable and supraconductive transition is com-
pulsory. In the case of aluminium the theory is in full agreement with the ex-
periment also with respect to surface energy. In the case of Sii the limit 'Ki
is not obtained.
In the case of metals with low values of A indtability of the normal phase can
,,, A K - 1/ F2 the normal phase
occur only with undercooling. However, with(k >
is unstable already at H - Hill 1/> HU , and therefore the supraconductors with
X > 1/f2 must behave anomalously. According to the author's opinion this
affect occurs particularly with certain alloysSn + In (which were investi-
gated by other authors). At a. concentration of indium of less than - 2-5%
these alloys behave like ideal supraconductors, whereupon they change their
properties abruptly. As to the reduction of the concentration n -MC2/4ne262
s 0
with increasing concentration Ni of the admixtures, the explanation of this
fact is beyond the scope of the phenomenological theory. However, if the exist-
ing qualitative notions concerning the nature of supraconductivity are taken
as a basis, the reduction of n8 in the case of an increasing N i appears quite
natural.
INSTITUTION: Physical Institute "P.N.LEBEDEV" of the Academy of Science in the
USSR

17 ' " ) ) -- ),, /
ip .//, / _- (:) t "~ '~ ( -) 4~_
USSR/Nuclear Pbysi.ca
Abs Jour Referat Zhur - F"Atka, No 5, 1957, i126,1:
Author Ginzburg, V.L.., Fradkin, M.I.
Inst Physics InsLitute, Academy of Sciences, USSR
Title On the Composition of PrImary Cosmic Rays.
Orig Pub Actron. zh., 1956, 33, No 4, 579-587
C_7
Abstract The authors consider the problem of the chemical composi-
tion of the priMELry rays at the earth. It is shown that
if one takes into account the diffusion of cosmic parti-
cles in the interstellar matter, the available experimen-
tal data on the composition of cosmic rays can be recon-
ciled with the concepts of the generation of these rays
in the shells of supernova and nova stars.
Card 1/1

GInBURG, Y.L.
", -,4f .0--464-j 4.~ ... .....
Rrporimental verification of the geseral theory of relativity and the
artificial earth eatelites. Priroda 45 u*4:30-39 8 '56. (Kw 9:1o)
l.Chlen-kerrespendent AkRdemii muk SSSR.
(SpAco stations) (Relativity (Physics))

cateery USSR/Radiophysics Statistical phenomena In radiophysics 1-3
Abs Jour Ref Zbur - Fizil:a, No 1) 195'T No 1793
Author Levin, H.L., Gi zburg, V.L.
Title On the Application of Thermodynamics to Electrical Fluctuations
Orig Pub Uspekhi fiz. Tiauk, 1956, 56, No 1, 146-148
Abstract last articles of a discuBs�on (Referat. a. Fizika, 1954, 13 431, 13 432).
M.L. Levin discusses in his article the example cited by V.L. Ginzburg and
representing, In Leirin's opinion, the only physical argumentation of the
previous answer by Ginzburg (Referat. Zh. Fizika, 1954, 13432): a thin (com-
pared with the thlclmesi3 of the skin layer) condkictor at the temperature of
0-10K, for which the classical freqltency region lies below 1010 cyclea.
Levin Indicate.,;, thatsince the thickness of the skin layerS at such tem-
peratureu is less than the mean free path 1 at such temperatures even for
meter -,mves, it makes no sense to speak of the cohductivity 6' of a thin con-
ducLor. This is Ohy Levin considers that th13 example by Ginzburg is un-
auccei;:iNl and dobs not refute his earlier statementt3.
Ginzburg Emphapized in his article that the basic statement contained in
Lavin's earlier articles reduce5to the fact that "in the quantum frequency
region one cannot assume the resistance to be indepwdent of the frequency,
even if the ,ikLn effect It, not taken Into accowit". Contradicting this,
Card 1/2

Categdiy OSSR/lUliephysies - Statistical phenomena in radiophsyies 1-3
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Fizika~,, No 1, 1957, No 1793
Ginzburg gives the following considerationz. T'he quantum region correslvnds
to the -_(ndit1on'Avi5;kT- Therefore, chmsing the temperature T sufficiently
low, one can make the quantum region include sLmh low frequencies~- ) at which
the variation of R with A3 is oufficiently small. Furthermore, Ginzburg in-
dicates that Levin in hia'work (Referat. Zh. Fizika, 1954, 13431) did not
take thiii effect into accodnt, 04id this is why Ginzburg (Referat.' Zh..Fizika,
1954, 13432) also disregarded this effect. It is Ginz~urg's opinion that the
allowance for the skin effect cannot change his conablGions that it is pos-
sible to assimie the i-eoishtance to be independent of frequency, with suffi-
cient accuracy, in the quantum region.
The edltoi,';~. comment states that by publisling these articles the editorial
staff of "U_-pe)&ii fiz. nauk" considers the discussion on the matter of the ap-
plication o-'L' thermodynamics to electric flictuation3 clozied.
Card 212

(' I V ~ b 0
.,7 1
USSR/Theoretical Physics-Z eory of Relatively and Unified Field Theory
Abst Journal : Refomt Zhur - Finik&j No 12, 1956, 33712
Author : Ginzburg, V. L.
Institution I None
Title ! Hxperimental Verification of the General Theory of Relativity
Original
Periodical i Uspekhi Fiz. Hauk, 1956, 59, No 1, 11-49
B-2
Abstract t gxpanded treatment of a lecture delivered at the linstein session of
Division of the Physicomathematical Sciences, Academy of Sciences USSR,
on 30 Wormabor 1955. Contents: Introduction; 1. Motion of perihelia
of plaqots and of their satellites; 2. Gravitational shift of spectral
lines; 3. Deflection of light rays passing near the sun; 4. Signifi-
cance of linsteinlo general relativity theory in physics'and astronomy;
Conclusion. 62 references.
Card 1/1

SUBJECT USSR / PHYSICS CARD 1 / 2 P.'L - 1427
AUTHOR GINZBURG,V.L.
TITLE On the Nonspherical Intensity Fluctuations of Radio Waves in
Galaxies.
PHRIODICAL Dokl.Akad.Nauk,109, faso. 1, 61-63 (1956)
Issued; 9 / 1956 reviewed: 10 / 1956
At present it is assumed that the intensity fluctuations (flickering) of the dis-
crete sources of constant cosmic wave radiation are due exclusively to the ion
sphere of the earth, for this radiation requires many days already in order to
pass through the irradiating galaxy itself (three years of crabb nebula). The
author considers the existence of radio stars as most improbable, for such a
hypothetical radio star would have to have a radiation capacity that is at least
from 107 to 108 greater than that of the sun. Here the average level of radi-
ation in concerned which is approximately con3tant with respect to time.
The data serving an a basis for the work by J.S.KRAUS et al, Nature, 176, 304
(1955) can by no means serve as a proof of the assumption that the character of
the fluctuations is not determined by the ionosphere. If an exact proof of the
existence of nonionospheric fluctuations of discrete sources were to be proved,
the following possibilities for an explanation miLlit be considered: 'ouch fluefu-
ations need not necessarily be ascribed to the source but mijjit, be due to the
propagation of radio WILVP-S in the interstellar and interplanetary ifiedium on the
way from the source to the earth. It might be a case of diffraction on a phase
screen similar to diffraction on the inhomogeneitle3 Of the ionosphere. The dif-

(7-1 N 10 V~ C-!. -1 V ) ,
bUBACT us~a / miy."ICZ) CMD I
AUNOR GIN68URG, V.L..
TITU On a Macrosco~ie Theory of bupraconductivity which is suited for
all Temperatures.
PLRICDICAL Dokl.Akad.Nauk, ~11O fasc. 3, 356 - 361 (1956)
Issued: 12 / 1.95
The macroscopic theory developed by V.L.GlH68LrhG and L.D.WIDAU (Yzurn.eksp.i teor.
fis,20, 1064 (1950)) is bused upon the equations
AV Ay, + b F 0
c 80
-4
-Lot -4
div A 0, V'Y- VV IV) T" IFA
C . s is 2111 mc
Here IT 14 denotes the conzentration of the "supraconductive electrons") the
vector potential Iand F (19 4)_ the density of the free energy in the supracon-
ductive state ana in teeocase of a lacking field.
This theory is to be generalized for the domain of aj I temperaturvs 0 -4- T I- Tk'
J-BAh,ULh,N, Phys-Rev-94, 554(1954) and V.L. 045BURG suggested ti-e following ex-
prL,ssions for FB0
F (4) .F (t) + (H11 btr 20 (.L and
.90 no 0
F (Q) .F Q + (H4 6n :1 2ta 1114 + I, respectively.
So no 0 1 1 + LA (1+ t8Y6 I

GINZBURG, V.
the' 8th liternational il

.io,c-6-1-1/17
AIR HOR GINZBOG', ".L., F.iAN,
~,10n Of Effe,t~i on t,he of Interaction of
TITU 71 V ;A'
Usetrons with h.f. vltllds in henonat,~~rs
(K voprosu o k-%,anEo,;yk'-i offektakh pvi vzaimodeystvii elektronov s
vy9okochiastotnyrii polyami v rezonat.orakh. Rurnsian)
IERIODICAL HadloteWirlka i Elektronika, '11957, W 2, 11:r 6, py, 7Bo-:739 (U.S.S.R.)
J: iBSTRACT The problmm of the quantum effects on the occas'A-On of the passage of
electrons through a holl,?w resonator 13 investigated. First the prob-
lem is treated u putly classical. The investigation is then carried
out, with regard to the quantum field, for which the formula of H,
Nyquist (PhY3. Rev., 1923, Vol 32, pp llo) is used. The authors show
that this calculation is sufficiont orly for tbt: determination of the
energy gradient (4 Kr)a . But in order to obtain the function of the
energy distribution of the electron at. tho reqonator outlet the clas-
sioal met-hod of inve3tigation is not sufficient. But as this method
ii- vfiry different. from that used in the quantum theory the authors
here andeavor to solve t1* problfm by means of the introduction of
canonical variables (RAZILMN method). The authors show that the sim-
ple classsical calculation must be preferred. In an analogous way those
cases can be investigated where the field along the way of the elec-
tron is not homogeneous, In the and the wave characteristic of the
Card 112 electrons are taken into account and the authors show that the ele-,-

SOV/137-58-9-19676
Translation frorn: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 9, p 221 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Ginzburg, V.L.
101,00 *ki-". ~
TITLE: -,gellie Diffusion of Light Near Points of Second-order Phase
Transition (0 rasseyanii sveta vblizi tochek fazovogo pere-
khoda vtorogo roda)
PERIODICAL: Fiz. sij. L'vovsk. un-t, 1957, Nr 3 (8), pp 115- 110
ABSTRACT: Near the phase transition of the second as well as of the
first order, which are close to the Curie point, relatively great
fluctuations of the -rl parameter, which determines the differ-
ence between tile ordered and the disordered phase, take place.
Upon a change in 1, the refractive index also changes and in
relation therewith a supplementary diffraction should be ob-
served. This effect had been examined earlier (RZhFiz, 1958,
Nr 1, abstract 2090). In the same work a inathematical form-
ula was developed for the relationship of the light intensity J,
diffused because of the fluctuations in TI, to the intensitv of
light J0diffused because of the fluctuations of the density. On
approaching the critical Curie point JIJO increases and a phe-
Card 1/2 nomenon similar to the critical opalescence should be

SOV/ 137-58-9-19676
On the Diffusion of Light Near Points of Second-order Phase Transition
observed. This phenomenon was observed with quartz near aztp
(Kristallografiya, 1956, Vol 1, p 123). The theoretical evaluation of the
expected diffusion is given and good agreement with experiment is
obtained.
N, P,
1. Light-Diffusion 2. Light-Intenaity 3. Quartz-Appli,--ation.,;
Card 2/2

,7
kITHM GI?IZBJRG, V.L. FAYN V,k. PA - 2080
TITLE R-77e-7j-iii-tim E'ff'PctB o.,c-L;rr4r.,g on Interaction.9 of Electrons with High
Frequency Field!j in Resonant. Cavities (0 kvantovykh effektakh pri
V7i1ij1:(j11eY,9t1ri:j (~Ivktronov vy-iokochastochnymi. polyumi v polykh
rezonatorald,.,) .
F~RIGDIGa Zh~ 'irnal al Inoi Teoret. Fiziki , 1957, Vol, 32, Nr 1,
pp 1612-16L (U.S.S, R
Received 1/1')57 Reviewed 4/1957
A BItr. G T The ~,utt~,crs investigated the following probier, in classical mannert At the
moment, A -- 0 wish the kinetic enerrS KO - mvO4/2 a non-relativistical elec-
ixwn erittrs the resonator and leaves it at the moment, t , 7- wit ,ti the
enorgy
T/"' For reasons of simplicity the electric field E in the
resoriat,), (~n tht path of the electron is assumed to be homogeneous and
paral2el to tne velocity of' the electron (such a case is absolutely real).
If E ?1 El cos,~.j f, + (Ela + E,) sin cit applies, m4dv/dt) = eE and v9- =
'jo + Wmw) [Eisintot + (E;j + E M - coscj7)j is obtained. Here El and
Eg denote chan~~t quantities and ~i - 78 = 0 and 74 - Zj = V~d4 are as-
s-m,ed to a-,-Ply. d denotes the path to be covered by the electron (thick-
rle3s of the rEsonator) and Vt' denotes the mean square of the fluctuation-
volta,-~e. Tne avc-raging is carried out over the corresponding assemblies
cf thp -
t 4cientical systems., The field in the resonator is assumed to influ-
ence the !,,.:weu;ert of the electrons only to a small extent so that the
terms of i,ne order of maCnitude e4 may be taken to be sufficient. Under
the,je circujnstanc-es TTR7z , eava [(sin(cjr12)1(Q712)j " applies. For
Gard

PA - 2080
On t tie Q)~ant um. Ef fects occurring on Interactions of Electrons with High
Fre,,1,ency Fle'103 ~n Rmsoriant Cavities.
t~,P. dis,-,er'slon of' velocity then TEV77 TLrr7xm-4v-4 applies. If kor