SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT DRUZHININ, V.V. - DRUZHININA, A.V.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
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• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 23, 2000
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

6n the Effect of Heating and Cooling Rates (cont. )
SOV/137-58-11-23400
heating ( - 500C /hr) to a temperature of 1000 - I 2000C, the intensity of the TR and
the magnetic characteristics 6f the steel were quite high; similar TR and properties
were obtained at greater rates of heating only within certain narrow temperature in-
tervals which varied for different smeltings. It is noted that the rate of cooling has
little effect upon the properties of a steel; however, rapid cooling of specimens
results in considerable specific losses during subsequent aging of steel at a tempera-
ture of 1000. Optimal soaking time or the optimal rate of drawing was established
for the maximum annealing temperature in continuous and intermittent furnaces. The
mechanism of the formation of the TR is also discussed.
A. B.
Card 2/2

SOV/137-58-11-23401
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal - Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 11, p 222 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Druzhinin, V.V., Kudryavtsev, I.P.
TITLE: On the Dispersion of the Recrystallization Texture in Cold-rolled
Etectrical Steel (0 rasseyanii tekstury rekristallizatsii v kholodnoka-
tanoy elektrotekhnicheskoy stali)
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i termoobrabotka. Moscow, Metallurgizdat, 1958,
pp 88-94
ABSTRACT: Optical methods were employed in studying the degree of com-
pleteness of recrystallization. texture (DPRT) in production batches
of steels E310 and E330. It was established that the DPRT affects
the magnetic properties of steel. Specimens possessing high magnetic-
induction characteristics exhibited a high DPRT in the planes (110)
[ 100] , the [ 1001 plane in the plane of rolling deviating from the
direction of rolling by :k 50; specimens with poor magnetic properties
exhibited a (100) [1001 texture rotated by *1 0*_ 150 witMn the plan'e ot
rolling.
Card 1/1

MEMOS: Druzhinin, V. V. and Kurennykh, L., K. SOV/126-6-1-4/33
.TITLE: On the Influence of Scale on the Magnetic Properties
of Hot Rolled Electrical. Steel (K voprosu o v1iyanii
okaliny na magnitnyye.svoystva goryachekatanoy
elektrotekhnicheskoy stali)
PERIODICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1958 Vol.6, No.1
PP 40-45 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The increase of the speolfic lose for an induction of
10 000 Gauss is insignificant (a few percent) whilst
at 15 000 Gauss it is appreciable (over 5 to 10%) and
this phenomenon is explained by Spuner, T, (Ref.2) by
the differing permeability of the scale in nzedium and
strong raagnetic fields, However, direct investigatioru,
of the magnetic properties in 8uch steel have not been
carried out and,, therefore. this was done by the autho!-
ofthis paper. The authors have chosen sheets of
unpickled dynamo and transformer steel sfter the no=.a-2
process of rolling and annealing at 850 C; from each
sheet strips of 250 x30 mm weighing about 1 kg were cut.
After testing the mechanical properties, the scale ras
Card 1,14 removed by pickling in a 20% sulphuric 'acid solution to

SOV/126-6-1-4/33
On the Inflnence of Scale on the Ma6netic Properties of Hot
Belled Electrical Steel
which common salt was added rihich stopped almost entirel-,-
the dissolution of the metal itself (less than 2 grams).
The specific gravity of the pickled and the unpickled
steel as well as of the scale and also the Si contents
of the respective steels are entered in Table 1. The
magnetisation curves without scale, with scale and of
the scale itself are graphed in Fig.1 for dynamo steel
and ~n FiG.2 for transformer steel. Fig-3 gives the
hysteresis loop for dynamo steel without and with scale;
the change of the total specific losses and the
hysteresis losses during pickling of electrical steel
are entered for four specimens (Si contents I to 4%)
for 10 000 and 15 000 Gauss In Table 2. Table 3
contains data on the thickness and the specific electric
resistance of the scale of electrical steel (1 and 4% Si).
The obtained results lead to the followinG concl,-sions:
1) In the investigated sheets of hot rolled dynamo and
transformer steel the decrease in the spegific weight
due to the presence of scale is 0.06 g/cm2, the specific
Card 2/4 weight of the scale itself is 7.0 g/cm~' fo~ dynamo steel

SOV/126-6-1-4/33
On the Influence of Scale on the Magnetic Properties of Hot
Rolled Electrical Steel
alid. 6.0 E;/cm3 for transformer steel.
2) The permeability of the scale in weak- magnetic fields
(up to 0.2-0.3 AT/cm) approaches that of steel., whilst
In medium and otron7, fields the pe.-meability of ~he scale
is considerably lower than that of steel. Tbe B 300 of
scale amounts to 14 000 Gauss for dynamo steel
and 0. 000 Gauss for transformer steel,
3) Reduction of the full specific losses due to pickling;
is insignificant at 10 000 Gaugs (0.10 W/kg for ayna-mo
steel and 0.05 W/kg for transformer steel) and is due
predo,ninantly to a reduction in the eddy current loose-c.,
The reduction of the full specific losses at 15 000 Gav.:;f-~
is greater, 0.5 to 0.8 W/k- for dynamo steel omd
0.2 to 0.4 W/kS fo:- transformer steel and is due tc, 9.
reduction in the hysteresis losses as .:ell --s to a
reduction of the eady current losses, The reduction in
Card 3/4 the hysteresis losses as a result of pick."Ling is caused

SOV/126-6-1-4/33
On the Influence of Scale on the Magnetic Properties of hot
Rolled Electrical Steel
by the reduction of the maximum magnetising field and
not by reduction in the coercive force.
There are 3 figures, 3 tables and 6 references, 5 of
which are Soviet, 1 English.
ASSOCIATION: Verlch-Isetakiy metallurgicheskiy zavod
(Verkh-Tsetski'y Metallurgical Works)
SUBMITTED: November 1, 1956.
Card 4/4 1. Steel--Scale 2. Steel-44agnetic properties

SOV/nO-58-7-7/21
AUTHOR: DrUzbID4a.7~ Cand. of Phys.1-lath Sci. Zubov, Yu,Ye.,
Enrinoer, Kozhurov, A.A., En-incer and professor Yanus,
TITLE: An apparatus for measuring the :;j.,ecific losses and
ma-neti6 induction of whole sheets of electrical steel
(Ap-parat dlya izniereniya udellnykh potert i magnitnoy
indud,-,tsii clektroteklinicheskoy stali na ts3lykh listakh)
PER1OD1CAL:Vo,:,-tn1k Eloictroproiniolil.ei-aiost-,I, 19513, Nr 7, pp 24-28
(USSR)
iDSTRACT: At pre3ent the pr-Jr1cij;a--1- method of determining specific
looses and im~cui2tic induction in electrical sheet steel
is by the Epstein apparatus, which suffers from a number
of disadvantages. The losses of the steel may be
increased by work-hardening when the strips are cut or
r?.duced by stress relilof,. The m-2thod is rather unreal
because the strips are much Parrower than those used in
practice --nid finally '%he test:; vas'~e, a ~;oad deal of
iiLitoriil. Tjjorc~for(-;
., in rocent years, atteEpts have bean
Card 115 "~Ic in tike USSR and ~ibro-vl to dovf~lop accurate and quick
t-ie.,thols of testinv w.holo :flioot.- of -,;tecl. It is a

SOV/110-58-7-7/21
ki apparatus for measuring the npecific lm3oef., arJ i-Auction of' whole
sheets of electrical steel
re,juirement of st:mdard IUST-U,02-511- that on(,, sheet shall
b,, from each ton of rtenl but not less than 1+ sheets
por b-itch. It is, therefore, more cunwzilent to test
Sheets fOUr at a ti-.,,,o rathfir tImn singly, ancl equipment
Ilins, ba,:~_~ accordinSI-% If there are more than
~ovr 3hee's to ba *-Psted tho ruality of the steel is
_L U I.,
evaluated with a coorcivity neter. The coercive force
is determined on all the test s.heot:3 ~,inca it is
y,roportional to the hyotcrasir, los3. FoT final
evaluation of the quality of t."o steel, four sheets are
taken, two of v,1,ic_'-i have the mlnir.,.um and 1Cwo the maximum
coercive force as spccifled in st-andard GOST-802-54 for
t!le Epstein apparatus. The construction of t1he apparatus
is thon described. It is intended f'or sheets of 1200 x
Ca 1-1 215 750 imi, The 1jnEl-th of 1200 is whnt re_,.~,nins from the

sov/110-58-7-7/21
An apparatuo, for mpami-,,Irig the spec-IfI(I Josres qnd rragnetic indiiction of whole
sheets of electrical steel
standard shoot after two piec~!s have bp,~ii cut off for the
standard mochinical tosts. The ohn,;us are mounted in two
solenoids, arranged one above the other as shown in Fig 1.
The solenoids are 40 ma shorter than the sheets. At the
ends of tiio solenoids there are arratures vhich form a
closed mugnotic circuit with the shects. To ensure good
magnetic contact, each armatuxe con3ists of twelve
sections pressed on by sprinCs. A -leneral view of the
apparatus is -shown in Fir, 2. As butt jointu-s are used
there is no need to press th,,a sheets flat. Each solenoid
has 600 measuring and ma,gnetising turns uniformly
distributod over the length.. The specific losses are
measured by an absolute watt-rueter method using a special
low-power-factor wattmeter. The formula used for
calculating the losses is explained -ind the significance
of -*U-h,-- various connections is coniidered. The estimated
errors of the method are discussed in some detail. The
distribution of m-atyn3tic induction along a sheet is
Card 3/5 plotted in Fig 3 and the influ,2ncf- of insulation between

An apparatus for meaburing'the specific losses and jr.,agnetic in.,'utotion of 'who-le
vheeLf) of elactA-leal Acel
sheets on the Specific losses in ste.-~l are ~Jvon in
Table 1. It is considercd that the accuracy of the
determination of losses in the apparatus is about the
samo as in the Epstein appa-ratlus. Comparativ-? tests were
made between the Epstein apparatus and the new one, with
th,-~ rcsults given in Table ~. Valucs are somatir,-~es
Somewhat lower vith the Epstein apparatus, apparently
because of the relief of stresses in t-he steel on cutting.
The way in which the equipment is used at the steelworks
is describ.-A. The extent of the differences, between the
losses detorininod in the old and now aT,,p;,raL-.us on 450
Fi 3. On gr
samples is given In % of 'the sanples
agrecment was within J at 10 %ilognuss. The -ngreeizent
U
r(j 1'.15 Mi.') not quito 'jo Lood at I,/-* hilogauss. Certain

SOV/110-58-7-7/21
An apparatw for measuring the specific losves and magnetic indri,.!tton,, of ~. whole
sheets of electrical steel
difficulties v~ajr lie mat in tcstijaZ; hot-rolled steel
bocause the anisotropy of the LLgnctic properties varies.
This is not so inirortant with cold-rolled steel because
the Li-agnetic properties are guaranteed only in the
direction of rollin6. The COMP10te teStiDL tiLIC is 7
minutes . On the basis of six months' experience the
method is recormcnded for general use. There are 3
Card ',,'15 tables and 3 figures.
SUBIMTED: January 18, 1958.
1. Steel--Testing equipment 2. Electrical equipment--Design
3. Solenoids--Applications

SOV/110-59-5-11/25
AUTHOR: Druzhinin, V.V., Candidate of Physical Mathematical
Sciences
TITLE: On the Procedure for Determining th4t Spe::ifit; Lass of
Cold-Rolled Transformer Steel (0 matodike opredelenlya
udellnykh poterl kholodnokatanoy -transformatornoy stali)
PERIODICAL;Vextnik elektropromyshlennosti, 1959c, Nr ~,, pp 41-43 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: When the apparatus is used to determine iron
loss In low-lo.-. steel., the result is affected by work.-
hardening of the samples during cutting. The new
standard GOST 802-38 requires that before samples of
cold-rolled steel are tested on th, '~ -, : ipparatus
they should be heat-treated at a temperature of 750 to
800"C for two hourA in a suitable atmospheze. It is
assumed that the redu--.tion in loss that o-curs is due
only to relief of work-hardening produced during cutting
of the specimens. This article shows that there are also
structural changes in thq ateel during ihe heat-treatment
and that they 4-.ontribute to rhe reduction in the losses.
The reductions due to relief of work-hardening and those
Card 1/3 due to other structural changes were sspacatBd in ths

SOV/110--59-5--11/25
On the Procedure for Determining the Spe-;ifi:. Loss of Cold-Rolled
Transformer Steel
following way. Samples were cut for the test
and their losses determined. Then they uer-i~ h,at--
treated at 7500C for two hours and the lo-eses rp--determined.
Next strips about 1 mm wide were cut off each edge and the
losses determined a third time with due allowance for the
change in weight. The differpnze between the first and
second loss-determinations is the total reduction in
losses caused by heat-treatmenti the difference between
the third and second determinations is the inz-rtase in
the losses caused by work-hardening during shearing of
the edges. It will be seen from the results of
measurements on nine samples of cold-r-,>lled uteel given
in table I that in samples -with low Icsses (less than
0-7 W/kg) nearly all the change in loss on heat-treatment
is due to removal of work-hardening. Hcweve~r-, in sheets
with losses greater than 0.7 Wlks the rtduzt.-on in loss
on heat-treatment may be two or three t_-mes that saused
by work-hardening. This differan-:.t must b3 attributed
Card 2/3 to structural changes in the atetl az.iompanied by reduced

SOV/110-59-5-11/25
On the Procedure for Determining the Spe~nifir. Lcaq of C-,1r1--R-,_'1ed
Transformer Steel
hysteresis loss and coercive forcr-. (see tabl-3 2). It is
explained that these changes are princApally asscciated
with further detarbonination zf tht- samples and with the
relief of remanent stresses left in the -9heet after heat-
treatment. The presence of remanent streas in the
sheets may be demonstratod by tutting them along the
direction of rolling, which scmetimia reduc6s th* 1csses
and coarnive force as will be seen from ihe results
given In tabl,5 .3 xhich also givs loss r-sults on narrow
specimsns. It is concluded that test regults on
annealed admples of cold-rolled steel ~.-an give very
misleading results and that it is b-~st to msk~~
determinaticns on whole sheets. Thara are 3 tablea and
1 Soviet refaren,7e.
SUBMITTED% 6th Ottober 1958
Card 3/3

180), 18M, 24(6)
AUTHOR: Druzhinin, V. V. SOV/126-7-2-18/39
TITLE: -Anisotropy in th-C-Drittlonoev of Uilleou Sheet SteeI
(0b util-"otrapil khrupkosti listovoy kreainistoy stali)
PERIODICAL: Fizika Metallov i Metallovedeniye, 1959, Vol G. Rr 2,
pp 278-283 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Silicon embrittlee steel. Its action is enhanced by the
influence of the carbide phase (Refs 1-3) and of temper
brittleness (Ref 4). As the crystals of steel used for
electrical purposes are more or less orientated, then,
owing to anisotropy in the mechanical properties of
monocrystals of Biliceous ferrite, there must also exist
anisotropy in brittleness, No data regarding such aniso-
tropy in brittleness for the above steel are available.
Steel for electrical purposes is hot-, as well as cold-
rolled. The orientation of crystals of hot-relled steel
is weakly preferential, and that of cold-rolled, strongly
preferential. As the determination of the crystallo-
graphic texture of hot-rolled steel presents considerable
difficulties, the author used an indirect, magnetometrie
method. The texture of steel can be judged from the
Card 1/4 nature of the mechanical moment curves obtained f or a

SOV/126-7-2-18/39
Anisotropy in the Brittleness of Silicon Sheet Steel
disc-shaped specimen. If the curve takes the shape of
that shovin in Fig 1, then the crystals of ordered
orientation will be orientated as shown in Fig 2. If the
mechanical moment curve is similar to that shown in Fig 31
then the orientation of crystals will be as shown in
ig 4. The first type of text expressed as (100),
tilog , and the second, as (lio urLICOS] . At a ( 100) , Clio) -
)I
type of texture, the L1100 grain a6onals of textured
crystals are situated along, an a 4 angles to, the
right
rolling direction; at a (110), 1 - type of texture, the
Looe~ 1 es are disposed along th-e rolling direction, and
ro'111110 axes at right angles to it. The texture of hot-
ynamo steel is more pronounced than that of
transformer steel, and is more complex. The harmonies A 2
and A can be used to evaluate any change in te ture.
For ehinplo, the amplitude of A2 for a (100), C1101 -type of
texture must be zero, and A4 must have a positive value.
As A4 decreases and A2 increases, the texture will
Card 2/4 increasingly tand to change to the (110) 1 [100] type. The

SOV/126-7-2-18/39
Anisotropy in the Brittleness of Silicon Sheet Steel
texture, which in hot-rolled dynamo steel attains approx-
imately 25%, can be quantitatively evaluated from the
mechanical moment curves. In cold-rolled transformer steel
the crystals having a prefezred orientation of the type
(100), [100] occupy 70-". by volume of the total number of
crystals. Sheets of steel from industrial batches were
used for the investigation. Where required, discs for the
determination of the crystallographic texture were cut out
from the same sheets. In the case of cold-rolled steel,
part of the investigation was carried out on monocrystals
specimens. In Table 1, dat-a on the dependence of brittle
anisotropy on crystallographic texture in specimens of hot-
rolled dynamo steel are given. In Table 2, data on brittle
anisotropy in specimens of hot-rolled transformer steel gre
given. In Table3 data on the number cfbends (through 90
for transformer steel specimens cut out along the rolling
direction at right angles to it, with ardwithout carbide
inclusions, are given. In Table 4, data on the brittle
anisotropy in polycrystalline SDecimens of cold rolled steel
are given. In Table 5, data on Lhe brittle anisotropy in
Card 3/4 specimens of cold-rolled transformer steel are given. As a
result of the above experiments, the author has arrived at

SOV/126-7-2-18/39
Anisotropy in the Brittleness of Silicon Sheet Steel
the following conclusions:
1. An anisotropy in brittleness exists in cold-rolled, as
well as in hot-rolled, steel.
2. In hot-rolled dynamo siteell a direct relationship exists
between the anisotropy in brittleness d the texture of the
steel. For specimens having a -100 - type of texture,
0(110)? r
the number of bends through 90 possible along the direction
of rolling is twice that at.right anr-les to it.
3. The number of bends possible for cold-rolleg transformer
steel specimens, cut out at an[~les of 0 and 55 to the
direction of rolling, is 2.5 - 4 times greater than for
specimens cut out at right an6les to the direction of
rolling. The difference in the number of bends for
specimens, cut out at an6les of 55 and 900 to the direction
of rolling, is proportional to th-1- distances between the
cleavage planes. There are L~ fiE;ures, 5 tables and
5 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Verlch-Isetskiy metallurwicheskiy zavod (Verkh-Isetskiy
Metallurgical Plant)
SURIAITTED:.D,ecember 9, 1957
Card 4/4

DRUZHININ, V.V.
Anisotropy of brittleness In abeet silicon steel. 71s.met.
metalloved. 7 no.2:278-283 F '59. NMA 12:6)
1. Verkh-Iostakly metallurgicbeekiy savod.
(Sheet steel-testing)
(Steel-Brittleness)

67668
sov/i26-8-6-16/24
AUTHORSt Doroshek, S. I. and _R;rgzhinin. - V. V.
TITIX: Components of Core Losses and Magnetic Permeability of
Dynamo Steel~%Alloyed with Phosphorus 14
PERIODICALt Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye, 1959, Vol 8, Nr 6.
pp 892-895 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In Soviet-made dynamo steels conforming to GOST 802-58
(types E 11, E 12, E 13, E 21 and E 22) hysteresis
accounts for most of the core losses. Doroshek has shown
that alloying with phosphorus is known to reduce core
losses by increasing grain size and resistivity and
changes the gamma-range so that high-tqmperature treatment
can be used (Ref 3). In the present investigations the
components of the core losses of dynamo steel (1.8% Si.
0-03% C) containing 0-03, o.06, 0.12 or 0.36% P were
studied. 0.5 mm thick sheets made by forging and hot
rolling from 35 kg induction-melted billets, as at the
Verkh-Isetskiy works, were used. 250X 30 x 0-5 = Platesp
assembled in kg packets were vacuum annealed at 850, 930,
1050 or 11504C for 4 hours and then cooled in the furnace
and tested. Coercive force is shown as functions of
Card 1/3 phosphorus content in Fig I for annealing temperatures of

67668
SOV/126-8-6-16/24
Components of Core Losses and Magnetic Permeability of Dynamo Steel
Alloyed with Phosphorus
850s 950 and 115000 (curves 1, 2 and 3 respectively) i
each curve falls with increasing P-content, the slopes
of curve 3 being appreciably less than those of the
others; for a given P-content the coercive force
decreases with increasing temperatures. The number of
grams per MM2, resistivity, total core losses and its
components are shown in Table I for 0.03% P steel annealed
at 850, 950 and 1150*C. Tables 2 and 3 give corresponding
data for different P-contents and annealing temperatures
of 850 and 1150*C respectively. Increasing phosphorus
content lowers the hysteresis losses on account of
increasing grain size, and eddy-current losses on account
of increasing resistivity. Fig 2 and 3 show, respectively,
the initial and maximal magnetic permeabilities as
functions of phosphorus content, for 850, 950, 1050 and
1150 OC annealing temperatures (curves 1, 2, 3 and 4.
respectively)t both permeabilities rise with increasing
phosphorus content; in Fig 3 curve 4 lies below curve 3,
but otherwise permeability at a given P-content increases
Card 2/3 with increasing annealing temperature. There are 4~~

67668
SOV/126-8-6-16/24
Components of Core Losses and Magnetic Permeability of Dynamo Steel
Alloyod with Phosphorus
3 figures, 3 tables and 9 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION:Urallskiy nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut chernykh
metallov (Ural Scientific Research Institute for Ferrous
Metals)
Verkh-Isetskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod (Verkh-Isetakiy
Metallurgical Works)
SUBMITTEDt June 17, 1959
Card 3/3

25(6), 24(3) SOV/32-25-4-20/71
AUTHOR: - Druzhinin, V. V.
TITLE: The Form of Samples for the Determination of Magnetic Charac-
teristics of Electrotechni-al Steel (0 forme obraztsov dlya
opredeleniya magnitnykh kharakteristik elektrotekhnicheskoy
stali)
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1959, Vol 25, Nr 4, PP 429-433 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: For tests of specific losses (SL) on narrow metal strips which
are carried out to judge the SL on whole plates according to
GOST 802-58 for steels E 310, E 320p E 330, and E 370, a second
tempering of the narrow strips is added. Problems in connection
with this standard method for tests of electrotechnical steels
are described in the present article. In the chapter on the
form of samples for steels destined for the manufacture of large
magn'et conduotors it is pointed out that, on one hand, ar. in-
crease in the SL is caused by the cold hardening (of the cut-
ting process) in cutting the plates into narrow strips, and on
the other hand, a decrease in the SL is caused by the slackening
of the elastic residual tensions of first order. The larger the
Card 1/3 distance resulting from cutting, the more will the SL values

SOV/32-25-4-20/71
The Form of Samples for the Dete=ialnatiora of Magnetic Characteristics of
Electrotechnical Steel
change (Table 1). The second tempering of the ~,ut metal strips
prescribed by GOST 802-58 causes a decrease in the losses with
reference to the cold hardening of the borders, as well as an
additional decarbonization and a slackening of residual tensions
(as compared with the whole piece of sheet metal), The increase
in the loases by cold hardening is OoO5-0-08 watt/kg, while the
VA,
iecrease in the losses by the hardening attains 0-15n%18 wat".9
(Table 2, values for 8 types of steel), while a second tempering
of the whcle plates (at 750-3009 practically does not reduce
the SL (Table 3, valaes for sheet metai and metal strips of 6
types of steel). On account of this the SL values for electro-
technical steels to be used for large magnet conductors must
absolutely be determined on whole plates. Equally good con-
ditions as are obtained with the apparatus according to Epstein
can be obtained by the magnetization of four metal sheets which
are superposed between two solenoids and are joined with each
other at the ends (Fig 1). The determinations of the SL and of
the magnetic induction (according to � 57 in COST 802-58) are at
present carried out on metal sheeitb as a whole or cut in two
Card 2/.3 halves,by the Verkh-Isetskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod (Verkh-

SOV/32-25-4-20/71
The Form of Samples for the Determination of Magnetic Characteristics of
Electrotechnical Steel
IsetskiY Aetallurgical Works). Table 4 indicates values of the
maGnetic induction on ring samples of two steel types destined
for small magnet conduotorsy after Qne stamping and a second
tempering in different agents. Thp difference of the values of
magnetic induction at hardening in different agents is 20-30%.
The values of permeability of a transformer steel before and
after a second tempering (at 600-7500) in an oxidizing agent
differ by 2-3 times (Table 5, values for 3 steel types). It is
recommended to establish the magnetizing curves of the steel
types (Fig 2, E 46) E 45, E 46, E 47P E 48 and E370 at a sample
arrangement in lap joint. There are 2 figures, 5 tables, and
2 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Verkh-Isetskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod (Verkh-Isetskiy Metal-
lurgical Works)
Card 3/3

0 Z_ o 1\41 V, V it
PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/5526
Vsesoyuznoye soveshchaniye po magnitnoy strukture ferromagnetikov,
Krasnoyarsk, 1958.
Magnitnaya struktura ferromagnetikov, materialy Vsesoyuznogo
soveshchaniya, 10 - 16 iyunya 1956 g., Krasnoyarsk (Magnetic
Structure of Ferromagnetio Substances; Materials of the All-Union
Conference on the Magnetic Structure of Ferromagnetic Substances,
Held in Krasnoyarsk 10 - 16 June, 1958) Novosibirsk, Izd-vo
Sibirskogo otd. AN SSSR, 1960. 249 p. Errata slip Inserted.
1,500 copies printed.
Sponsoring Agency: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Institut fiziki Sibirskogo
otdeleniya. Komissiya po magnetizmu pri Institute fiziki metallov
OFMN.
Resp. Ed.: L. V. Kirenskiyo Doctor of Physical and Mathematical
Sciences; Ed.: R. L. Dudnik; Tech. Ed.: A. F. Mazurova.
PURPOSE: This collection of articles is intended for researchers in
ferromagnetism and for metal scientists.
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71
Magnetic Structure (Cont.)
SOV/5526
COVERAGE: The collection contains 38 scientific articles presented
at the All-Union Conference on the Magnetic Structure of Ferro-
magnetic Substances, held in Krasnoyarsk in June 1958. The ma-
terial contains data on the magnetic structure of ferromagnetic
materials and on the dynamics of the structure in relation to
magnetic field changes, elastic stresses, and temperature. Ac-
cording to the Foreword the study of ferromagnetic materials had
a Auccessful beginning in the Soviet Union in the 193018, was
subsequently discontinued for many years, and was resumed in the
195018. No personalities are mentioned. References accompany
individual articles,
TABLE OF CONTENTSt
Foreword
3
Shur, Ya. S. [Institut fiziki metallov AN SSSR - Institute of
Physics of Metals, AS USSRO Sverdlovsk). On the Magnetic
Structure of Ferromagnetic Substances 5
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3
Magnetic Structure (Cont.)
SOV/5526
D'yakov, G. P. [Fiziches Ikiy fakulftet MOU - Physics De-
partment of the Moscow State University]. Accounting for
the Domain Structure in the Calculation of Magnetostriction 21
Kirenskiy, L. V., and M. K. Savchenko [Institut fiziki
SO AN SSSR - Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch AS
USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. On the Spatial Distribution of the
Domain Structure in Ferromagnetic Substances 25
_=Druzhinin and T. I. Prasova (Verkh-Isetskiy
jr_
u!
meta M-gli-a~haskiy zavod - Verkh-Isetskly Metallurgical
Plant]. On the Application of the Powder-Figure Method
to the Study of the Magnetic Properties of Transformer
Steel 29
Kirenskiy, L. V., and I. F. Degtyarev (Institute of
Physics, Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. Tem-
perature Dependence of the Domain Structure in Crvs-
tals of Iron Silicide 33
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Magnetic Structure (cont.)
SOV/5526
Zaykova, V. A., and Ya. S. Shur [Institute of Physics
Metals AS USSR, Sverdlovsk], Effect of Elastic Stresses
on the Magnetic Structure of Crystals of Iron Silicide
Sbitnikova, I. S., 0. V.-Spivak, and I. M. Sarayeva
[Physics Department of the Moscow State University].
Temperature Changes of the Magnetic Microstructure
of Ferromagnetic Substances Detected With the Aid of
a Secondary Electron Emission
Degtyarev, I. F., and V. D. Dylgerov [Institute of
Physics, Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. Dynam.-
ics of the Domain Structure in Rotating Magnetic Fields
Krinchik, G. S. [Physics Department of the Moscow State
University]. New Magneto-Optical Method of Studying the
Domain Structure of Ferromagnetic Substances
39
41
47
51
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Magnetic Structure (Cont.)
SOV/5526
Kirenskly, L. V., and V. V. Veter [Institute of Physics,
Siberian Branoh AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. Measuring the
Width of the Aoundary Layer Between Domains in Ferro-
magnetic Si!.)stances 53
Startseva, I. Ye., and Ya. S. Shur [Institute of Physics
of Metals AS USSR, Sverdlovsk]. Magnetic Structure of a
Perromagn6tic Material of Residual Magnetization and Its
Change Under the Effect of a Variable Magn etic Field 59
i
Kirenskiy, L. V,, N. I. Sudakov, and L. I. Slobodskoy
[Institut fiziki SO AN SSSR, pedagogicheskiy institut -
Institute of,Physics, Siberian Branch AS USSR, Teachers
Institute, Krasnoyarsk]. Temperature Dependence of
Hysteresis Losses in Rotating Magnetic Fields In Iron
Silicide Crystals 61'
Sudovtsov, A. I., and Ye. Ye. Semenenko [Fiziko-
tekhniphoskiy in-t AN UkrSSR - Physicotechnical Institute
AS UkrSSR, Khartkov]. Effect of Domain Structure on the
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Magnetic Structure (Cont.) SOV/5526
Electric Resistance of Iron at Low Temperatures 73
Kaganov, M. I. [Physicote .chnical Institute AS UkrSSR,
Kharskov). Influence of the Hall FXfect on the Resistance
of Ferromagnetic Substances 79
Krinchikp 0. S. [Physics Department of the Moscow State
University]. Structure of the Domain Boundary and Dynamic
Properties of Ferromagnetic Substances 85
Telesnin, R. V., and Ye. P. Dzaganiya [Physics Department
of the Moscow State University]. On the Delayed Jumps in
Magnetization 91
Ivlev, V. F.$ and V. M. Rudyak [Padagogicheakiy Inatitut -
Teachers Institute, Krasnoyarsk). Statistical Distribution
of Remagnetization Jumps by Magnitudes 101
Rodichev, A. M., V. A. Ignatchenko, and N. M. Salanskiy
[Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk).
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Magnetic Structure (Cont.)
SOV/5526
Evaluation of the Magnitude of the Barkhausen Jump 113
Ignatchenko, V, A.0 and A. M. Rodichev [Institute of
Physicep Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. On the
Distribution of Barkhausen Jumps by-Magnitude 123
Rodichev, A. M., N. M. Salanskiy, and V. I. Sinegubov
[Institute of Physicaj Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk].
Statistical Distribution of Barkhausen Jumps by Duration 129
Rodichev, A. M. (Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch AS
USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. Dependence of the Barkhausen Effect on
the Rate of Change of the Magnetic Field 135
Ivlev, V. F., and V. M. Rudyak [Teachers Institute,
Krasnoyarsk]. Measuring the Coercive Force by the
Barkhausen Jump Method 143
Savchenko, M. K., and A. M. Rodichev [Institute of Physics,
Siberian Branch AS USSRO Krasnoyarsk). Simultaneous
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Magnetic Structure (Cont.)
SOV/5526
Observation of the Domain Structure and the Barkhaugen
Effect 147
Fodichev, A. M., and M. K. Savchenko [Institute of Physics,
Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. Mechanical Barkhausen
Effect In Monocr-jstals of Transformer Steel 151
Puzey, I. M., V. M. Lutoshkin, and A. I. Radlkov
(TsNIIChERMET - Central Scientific Research Institute
of Ferrous Metallurgy). Study of the Dynamics of the
Domain Structure in an Ultrasonic Field 155
Kirenskiy, L. V., A. I. Drokin, and V. S. Cherkashin
[Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch AS USSR, Teac~hers
Institute, Krasnoyarsk]. Effect of Ultrasound on Mag-
netic Properties of Ferromagnetic Substances at Various
Temperatures 165
Cherkashin, V. S. [Institute of Physics, Siberian Branch
AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk]. Effect of Rapidly Changing Stresses
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Magnetic Structure (Cont.)
on the Magnetic Properties of Ferrites
175
Dekhtyar, N. V., and N. M, Kazantseva [Physics Department of
the Moscow State University3. Anomalous Temperature Dependence
and Irreversible Changes in the Magnetic Properties of Alloy
N1 - Fe (50% Ni) 177
Spivak, G. V., and I. A P amkova [Physics Department of
the Moscow State Univer;ityj. Development of the Electron-
Mirror Method for the Visual Observation of the Domain
Structure of Ferromagnetic Substances 185
,Spivak, G. V., Ye. I. Shishkina, and V. Ye. Yurasova
[Physics Department of the Moscow State University].
Concerning One Method for the Detection of Magnetic
Inhomogeneities 191
Drokin, A, I., D. A. Laptey, and R. P. Smolin [Institute
of Physics, Siberian Branch AS USSRs Krasnoyarsk]. Thermo-
magnetic Hysteresis of Ferromagnetic Substances at the Points
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Magnetic Structure (Cont.)
of a Hysteresis Loop
SOV/5526
195
Kirenskly, L. V., A. I. Drokin, and D. A, Laptey [In5titute
of Physics, Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk). Effset of
Elastic and Plastic Deformations on the Magnitude of Thermo-
magnetic Hysteresis 201
Margolin, S. D., and I. G, Fakidov [Institute of Physics of
Metals AS USSR, Sverdlovsk). Magnetic Studies of Alloys of
the Manganese - Germanium System 21.1
Kirenskly, L. V.,-and B. P. Khromov (Institute of Phymics,
Siberian Branch AS USSR, Krasnoyarsk). Study of th,~, Approach-
to-Saturation Law on Monoor-jstals of Iron Silicide 217
Dlyakov, 0 P (Physics Department of the Moscow State
Universityl. 'Current State of the Problem Concerning the
Study of Parity Effects in the Approach-to-Saturatlon
Region 227
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S/196/61/000/011/oo6/o42
E194/EI55
AUTHORSi and Prasoval T.I.
TITLE,- The use of powder patterns to investigate the
magnetic properties of transformer steel
PERIODICALt Referativnyy zhurnal, Elektrotekhnika i energetika,
no.11, 1961, 2, abstract 11B 7. (Symposium "Magnetic
structure of ferromagneticsll~ Novosibirsk, Sib. otd,
AN SSSR, ig6o, 29-32)
TEXTs Use of the powder pattern method to study transformer
steel showed that in fine-grained sheet steel the domain size is
5-10 times smaller than in coarse-grained. The presence of
non-metallic inclusions in the steel causes the formation of
additional domains which retard the processes of magnetisation
and demagnetisation, and also make the domains smaller and
curve the boundaries between them. Irregulariiy of magnetisation
was observed between the grains and within the grains and this
-may be one of the causes of increased eddy-current losses in
coarse-grained electrical sheet steel.
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The use of powder patterns to ... s/.196/61/ooo/oll/oo6/042
E194/EI555
7 literature references. V/
ASSOClATIONs Verkh-Isetskiy metallurgich. z--d
(Verkh-Iset, Metallurgical Plant)
~Abstractorls not93 Complete translation.
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AUTHORSt
69686
S/126/60/009/03/oo6/033
Elll/E452
Druzhinin, V.V. and Ignatpva, G.V.
TITLE: Crystallographic TextureVand Anisotropy of the Magnetic
Propertie! -Rolled Dyna o steel
Hot Ii/
1960,
PERIODICAL: Fizika metallov i metallovedeniye,
Vol 9, Nr 3,
pp 353-357 (USSR)
ABSTRACTt
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Druzhinin has previ-usly shown that there is a
considerable crystallographic texture in hot-rolled
dynamo steel leading to appreciable magnetic anisotropy
(Ref 1) which can be in either of two directions. In
the present work, the authors have studied this effect
in different sheets from packets rolled in various
ways at the Verkh-laetak Metallurgical Works (two of the
rolling procedures are shown in Fig 1 and 2; the third
being different in that it did not involve doubling).
Sheets were rolled to a thickness of 0-5 mm from 10.2 in
eleven passes. For studying texture, 40 mm diameter
discs were cut from each sheet and their moments
determined magiltometrically with an inter-pole field of
3000 oersted. ,.Snetization was effected at various
angles to the dA-ection of rolling (Fig 3, 5 and 6 show

69686
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E111/E452
Crystallographic Texture and Anisotropy of the Magnetic Properties
of Hot Rolled Dynamo Steel
moment as a function of the angle for rolling by
procedures 1, 2 and 3 respectively). Anisotropy of
magnetic-induction was studied on 250 x 30 mm strips cut
out at various angles to the direction of rollingi Fig 4
shows magnetic induction as a function of this angle. The
authors conclude that crystallographic texture anisotropy
is due to sheets being doubled during rollin Rolling
without reversing the texture type is (100~ Z109>; with
reversing it is mainly (1101 with some (1061