SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT BULGAKOV, A. A. - BULGAKOV, F. V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000307430005-9
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 9, 2000
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

B=A=Z,A pZ Ale ;-ANIRRYCRIKOV. 3.1., red.; VORONIN,
K.P.,
Isks
tekhn. rod.
[11lectronic equipment for automatic control]
Elektronnye ustroistva
avtomaticheskogo upravleniia. Izd.2., perer. Moskva,
Gos. energ.
izd-vo, 1958. 256 p. (MIR& 11:9)
(Alectronic apparatus and appliances) (Automatic
control)

8(2); 28(l) ?HASS I BOOK WIFLOITATION
507/14133
30ve:hchanlye Do aytomatlzirevannowu *I*
ktroprive-M part mennogo
t kat 909dowe 1955
Trudy... (Transactions or the Conference on
Automated A-C _k'
Electric Drives) Moscow, Izd-vo AN SSSRo
1958. 398 p.
4,000 -copies printed.
Sponsoring Agency: ALadeadya nook SSSR.
Inatitut aytomatlki I
telonakhaalkl.
loop. Zdat V.S. Kidebakin, Academician, and
N.O. Chilikln.
DoOtO7 0 7 cha Cal Sciences, Professor; Ed.
of Publishing
House. Df.M.e Iofite; Tech. Ed.: I.F.
Xuz'mIn-
COVMU03o The conference was organized on the
Initiative of
the Institute or Automation and TelewchanIC3
of the Academy
of Sciences, U33R, and the Moscow Power
EnCineclnC In3tl-
tute And had as its al= the planning of the
meet pro3reusive
ways of developing automatic control of
electric drives. The
first conference on the subject o: autonated
electric drive
took p2tee were than ten years before the
present one and
Was COnCerndd with d-c electric drives. The
maulta or title
aOrLrerence were rouni to be moat valuable
In the tank of re-
building postwar Soviet industry and
InfUrtherinG Industrial
development. Present technical development
or Soviet industry
demands high apeeds, simplicity or
conatructlon, reliability
f o;wration,and economy. The squirrel-caZe
induction motor
:
Ith frequency control appears to be the most
promising typo
of controlled a-c drive. For wide
application of this drive
in the Soviet economy there Is a need of
ddvaloping now types
or frequency converters. Some Interest Ing
atWlea were made
in this connection at the Institute of
Automation and Tele-
moohanles of the USSR Academy or Sciences
and Its Leningrad
bramich, at the Moscow Power Engineering
I113titute, tne Central
Design Bureau of the .El ektroprivod Plant,
the State Design
Institute of the Ministry of Construction or
the RSFSR0 and
In other design organizations. These studies
were discussed
--at the preaent conference. The
trenaactlons contain material
concerning the theory and design of reactor,
pulse, A~
frequency methods of controlling &-c
electric drives.
Candidate or Technical Sciences I.V. Utkin
and Engineer V.A.
lokoreva participated In the preparation of
thin collection
or papers. The volume was reviewed by
Professor Ya. V. Nitusov,
Doctor or Technical Sciences. Some or the
papers include
bibliography.
TABLE OF CONTENTSt
"A
Candidate of Technical Sciences. Efficient
N'0.4+50. .".00A -V,oltage Regulation In
Electric Drives With
Frequency Control 98
The paper discusses the problem or obtaining
efficient relationships betWeen voltage and
frequency In the process of speed regulation
or an Induction aotorlyalmultaneou3 changes
In these
qua.ntitles. The author InVt3tlgateS several
prac-
ticable mathods of obtaining such
relationships In
SYNttma Of Automatic regulation. A specific
re-
latlonahlp between voltage and rrequency and
also
other variable parameters represents the
principle
of voltage regulation. PrInciples or
regulation
are offlclrnt only when optlintun mechanical
character-
Isticalwonocr/ Or cpeadlon~and Optimal
dimensions or
the drive are ensured. Academician M.P.
Kostanko
established In 1925 that voltage must be
regulated
In direct proportion to the product or
frequency and
equam root of the load moment. The author
first
Investigates the perror~nce of the motor
according
to Xo3tnko's formula. He then finds
conJitions
hich m,ake It possible to avoid regulating
the
Neld of the nachine as a functlon of load
and to
btain for all the frequency range the anne-
characterlattc5 as those ObtA1neJ with the
rated
frequency. Tnere am 6 Soviet mrortnces.
Card 10/31
m~

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/4802
~ak?v ~~leksey Alekseyevich,, Mikhail Mikhaylovich
Sokolov, and
Ale ks anH-7ikt-0-r-o-vTc-H-Shfn-yans kiy
'r V .')--
Av-tomatizirovannyy elektroprivod (Automated Electric
Drive) Moscow., 1959. 69 p.
(Series: Moskorvskiy dom nauchno-tekhnicheskoy propagandy.
Peredovoy opyt
proizvodstva. Seriya: Elektroenergetika, vyp. 3) 5,000
copies printed.
Sponsoring Agencies: Obshchestvo po rasprostraneniyu
politicheskikh i nauchnykh
znaniy RSFSR; Moskovskiy dom nauchno-tekhnicheskDy
propagandy imeni F.E.
Dzerzhinskogo.
Ed.: A.A. Tayts; Reap. Ed. for this book: G.G. Yateenko;
Tech. Ed.: R.A.
Sukhareva.
PURPOSE: This booklet is intended for technical personnel
concerned with the
automation of electric drives.
COVERAGE: The ar-ticle by A.A. Bulgakov entitled
"Electronically Controlled
Adjustable D-C and A-C Electric Drive" presents a detailed
description of the
various devices used in the automation of electric drives.
The article by
Card 1/2

Autdmated Electric Drive
SOV/480 2
M.M. Sokolov and A.V, Shinyanskiy entitled "Adjustable
Induction Electric Drive
With Saturable Reactors in the Stator Circuit" contains a
detailed description
of this type of automated drive. The authors conclude that
the latter drive has
certain definite advantages in a number of low-p)wer
production processesas it
assures the adjustment of rotation speed within (given limits
during steady opera-
t 'ion in the whole range. No personalities are mentioned.
References accompany
both articles.
TAKZ OF CONTENTS:
Bulgakov, A.A. Electronically Controlled Adjustabl(! D-C and
A-C
-BuecTric Drive 3
Sokolov, M.M., and AS. Shinyanskiy. Adjustable Induction
Electric
Drive With Saturable Reactors in the Stator Circuit 39
AVAILAM: Library of Congress
Card 2/2 ip/rm/mas
2-15-61

28(l) PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/3230
Bulgakov, Aleksey Alek5eyevich
Programmnoye upravleniye metallorezhushchiail -,tankami
(Program
Control of Metal-cutting Machine Tools) Moscow, Gosener
oizdat,
1959. 125 P. (Series: Biblioteka po avtomatike, vYP. 5~
15,000 copies printed.
Ed.: B. I. Andreychikov; Tech. Ed.: N. I. Borunov;
Editorial
Board of the series: I. V. Antik, S. N. Veshenevskiy, V. S.
Kulebakin 'A. D. Smirnov, B. S. Sotskov, Ye. P. Stefani,
and
N. N. Shumilovskiy.
PURPOSE: The book is intended for engineE!rs and
technicians
working in the field of automation of production processes
but
who have no special training in this f"feld.
COVERAGE: The author outlines the fundamental problems in
the
automation of metal-cutting machine tools and the
principles of
programmed control of machine tools. lie describes
positioning
Card 1/3

Program Control (Cont.)
SOV/3230
I
servosystems equipped with selsyns, inductosyns and
d6vices
with a helical differential transformer and with an
induction
linear transmitter. He also describes _,ontour control
bys~ems-
with multitrack programming, frequency separation of
channels
and helical magnetic heads. No personalities are
mentioned.
There are 23 references; 19 Soviet and It English.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Foreword
3
Ch. I. General Information 5
1. Problems in the automation of metal-cutting machine-
tools 5
2. Types of programmed control systems l.8
Ch.II. Principles of Programmed.Control of Machine Tools
29
3. Nature of the method of phase modu~lation 29
4. Ways of improving accuracy and resolving power 40
5. Preparation and recording of digital programs 50
Card 2/3

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/4954
Bulgakov) kleksey Alekseyevich
Energeticheskiye protsessy sledyashchego elektroprivoda v
garmonicheskom.
rezhime (Power Processes in Electric Servodrives Under Harmonic
Operating
Conditions) Moscow, Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1960. 121 p. Errata slip
inserted.
7,500 copies printed.
Sponsoring Agency: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Institut avtanatiki i
telemekhaniki.
Resp. Ed.: Ya.Z. Tsypkin, Doctor of Technical Sciences,
Professor; Ed. of
Publishing House: B.I. Andreychikov; Tech. Ed.: L.A. Lebedeva.
PURPOSE: This book is intended for personnel engaged in the
desi3n, oper'ai-
Gj0q, and maintenance of servomechanisms.
COVERAGE: The author discusses basic problems of servodrive
tlieory in the
case of operation under harmonic conditions, when the command
signal varies
according to the sinusoidal law. An effort is made to explain
systematically
the basic energy problems connected with these conditions. The
author em-
phasizes the effect of the load on the dynamic characteristics of
servodrives
Card-*T

Power Processes in Electric Servodrives (Cont.) scyv/4954
and on the selection of efficient structural parameters. A
considerable part
of the material in the book is said to be published for the
first time. No
personalities are mentioned. There are 9 references: 7
Soviet, 1 French,
and 1 Polish.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
Introduction 3
Initial Assumptions 7
Ch. I. Power Relationships of the Servodrive Under No-Load
Conditions 22
Vector diagrams 22
Accuracy in the reproduction of harmonic oscillations.
Optimal
reduction-gear ratio 30
Power relationships of the electric 8ervodrive 40
Nonlinearities of an amplifier. Critical amplitude-frequency
response characteristic and motor capacity 47
CarC?t~

21433
s/log/61/oo6/ool/011/023
E140/E163
AUTHORSg Shestopalov, V.P., and Bulgakov, A.A.
TITLE.- Coaxial delay line consisting of two opposed helices
filled with magneto-dielectric medium
PERIODICAL: Radiotekhnika i elektronika, Vol.6, No.1, 1961,
pp. 92-100
TEXT: The article considers a double helix in the presence of
a magneto-dielectric medium placed in a metal waveguide.
Appropriate values of VL and e of the magneto-dielectric medium
permit the most favourable dispersion characteristic of the
system
with high impedance at the fundamental field component and
reduced
value of the impedance to the -1 field harmonic. The presence
of
the metal envelope also permits consideration of fast waves
propagating in the system. The work neglects the change in
surface
currents at the intersections of the helices. For thin tapes
this
approximation is valid. Some experimental results are given at
wavelengths between 15 and 8.6 cm. Acknowledgements are
expressed
to S.V. Troitskiy for his assistance.
Card 1/2

21j?
S/109 /oo6/ool/oll/023
E140/E163
Coaxial delay line consisting of two opposed helices
filled with
magneto-dielectric medium
There are 8 figures, 1 table and 5 references. 2 Soviet
and
3 English.
ASSOCIATION: Khar,kovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet im.
A.M. Gor1kogo
(Khar1kov State University imeni A.M. Gorlkiy)
SUBMITTED: April 2, 1960
Card 2/2

2) 8?r) S/!00/61/00-/007/012/020
D262/D306
AUTHORS: Sh-stopalov, V.P.,_j~lgako:~ A.A.., and Bulgakov, B-11.
T I T LE!, Theoreticr-1 caid experimental analysis of
helical-dielee-
tric an~Vc--ftaz
PBRIODICAL: Radio 11- ekhnlika- i clektronikal., v. 6, no. 7t Y961,
1136 - 1145,
TEXT: Dielectric and helical antennae are widely used in SHF range
as the antennae for travelling waves. They consist of sections of a
dielectric br helical waveguides, along which the electromagnptic
wave can be propagated with a phase velocity v, less than the velo-
city of light c in the free space. In'a lielical dielectric antennae
there should be properties co=ion both to the helical and to:.the
di-
electric antenna. In particular, its geometrical dimensions,.for
gi-.
ven angle of the helix P and for given dielectric constant S,
should-
be snaller. In the present article the theoretical and
experimen'al,~
study of nal antennae is presented. The 11-heoretical analysis is,
Card 1/5

S/109/61/006/007/012 /020
Theoretical and experimental ... D2,62/D306
carried out considering an infinite helical - dielectric waveguide
mad,e of a ribbon helix of radius a, width of-the ribb6n 5, angle of
the helix V and pitch p. The helix is -filled with dielectric having
the dielectric constannu and magnetic permeability jil; outside*
the helix there is a -medium v.,ith E and ji . The analysis shows
Thai
1) The 'dielectric within -'-he xvavecrUe S11,3vis down considerably
the'
U
phase velocity of the electromagnetic waves 'and increases the delay.
This has been shoym by solving the dispersion equation of the sys-
tem. with the boundary conditions as given in
E(I) E(2)
;Ir-a E _n E12
where indices 11 2 refer to the space inside and outside the helix~;_
j9DI iz - the surface components of current at the helix. Prom the
obtained dispersion equations the current distribution is given by
Card 2/5

Theoretical and experimental
B/109/61/006/007/012/020
D262/D306
An
2 A 2P
An nb
the non-resonant term of which is
S = 2 /yon ~2
ty) W AP sin V In (10)
?I + t2 In 11 . A
The ~ncre*ase in time delay in the helix dielec-'Grio waveguide re-
sults in a greater directivity of radiating into the free'space
This is established by applying Kirohhoff's integral
me-
energy.
thod to the electric field ? m
1k n Cos 13),
=
" dz V ((p, 6, (D) d(D,
kOR 0
Card 3/5

6/109/61/006/007/012/020.
Theoretical and experimental D262/D306
where A9 - the wavelength of delayed wave; R - distance to the-ob-
serivation point; 0, q, - spherical coordinate 6ystem angles:
~P';-
azimuth angle along the cylinderical antenna surface; 1 - ienith
of
the antenna; V is independent of z. 3) The introduction of di4lec-
tric shifts the d 4
U .~ectivity pattern with rdspect to the antenna'
axis. This has beer, confirmed experimentally, although not
-quanti-~
tatively. It is thought that this effect is due to assymetrica,l,
with respect to the helix azimuth, waves. 4) The dielectric
filling
the helix antenna permits the deciease of the antenna dimensions
VT times appro.-,~Anately but then the bandwidth of the antenna
de-
creases. 5) To increase the bandwidth"a stratified dielectri-C or
'a
magneto dielectric med3llum should be used, the experimental part,
consisting of measuring directivity patterns and current distribu-
tion along the antenna for helices with ~ = 4.13; 5,16; 8.42 and
a = 1; 4.5; 20; 81. In all cases the helix dtmensions were kept
con-
stant: 1 = 14 cm; 2a = 4.6 cm, the wavelength being changed, The
energy was supplied by a generator type r0712 (GS/12). For- match-
ing the central conductor was fixed on 'to organic gldss
terminalst
Card 4/5

21-872
sa L aridr
7T,

BULGAKOV,-A.A.; TSYPKIN, Ya.Z., doktor tekhn. nauk,
prof., otv.
rea-.;CzRIGOROYEV, Ye.N., red.izd-va; POLYAKOVA,
T.V.,
tekhn. red.
[Principles of the dynamics of regulated rectifier
systems]
Osnovy dinamiki upravligemykh ventillnykh sistem.
Moskva, Izd-
vo Akad. nauk SSSR, 1963. 219 p. (MIRA 16:7)
(Electric current rectifiers)
(Electric current converters)

BALAKLITSKIY, I.M.;-B,ULGAKOV, A.A-.
Two methods for microwave power stabilization.
Radiot-3khnika 18
no.10:63-66 0 163. (MIRA 16:12)

AVEN, O.A.; DVORETSKIY, V.M.; D014ANITSKIY, S.M.;
ZALMA14ZON, L.A.;
KRASSOV, I.M.; KRUG, Ye.K.; TALI, A.A.; KHOULOV, V.A.;
%.A.A.; DEMIDENKO, Ye.D.; BrRNSHTEYN, S.I.; YEIELIYANOV,
BULG6R
8J7: MEYEROV, M.V.; PERELIMAN, I.I., FITSNER,
L.N.; CHELYUSTKIN, A.B.; ZHOZHIKASHVILI, V.A.; ILIIN,
V.A.;
AGEYKIN, D.I.; GUSHCHIN, Yu.V.; KATYS, G.P.; MELITTSER,
L.V.;
PAqKHOMENKO, P.P.; MIKHAYLOV, N.N.; FITSNER, L.N.;
PARKHOMENKO,
P.P.; ROZENBLAT., M.A.; SOTSKOV, B.S.; VASILIYEVA,
N.P.; PRANGISHVILI,
I.V.; POLONNIKOV, D.Ye.; VOROBIYEVA, T.M.; DEKABRUN,
I.Ye.
Work on the development of systems and principles of
automatic
control at the Institute of Automatic and Remote Control
during 1939-1964. Avtom. i telem. 25 no. 6:807-851 Je
164.
(MIRA 17:7)

....... ... DUL GA K OV ,- , . , ,
'f'werty--f-lfth -1-nniversary of the stat-3 sYstem of
vocational ard technical
education. Prof.-takh. obr, 22 no.9:2-5 S 165. (MIRA 18:9)
1. Predeedatell Gosudarstvennogo komiteta po
professionallno-tekhni-
cheskomu obrazovaniyu pri Gooplane SSSR.

B,ULGAKQV , A.A. (Novosibirsk)
Portablo miversal level. Geog. v shkole 25 no.5:66-68
S-0 162.
(11-IDIA 15-9)
(Leiiei (Tool))

ZELITSER, G.Ya.; VOLOBOYEV, I.N.; KOSTIN, A.P.;
)glLqAKDV A.A.-
VOZNYUK, V.S.; KALMYKOV, A.M.; STUDENTSOV, S.A.;
BERSHIDSKIY,
P.I.; MOISEYEV, G.A., inzh., retsenzent; SOBAKIN,
V.V., inzh.,
red.; VORDTNIKOVA, L.F., takhn. red.
(The TG102 diesel locomotive]Teplovoz TG102. Moskva,
Transzheldor-
izdat, 1962. 150 p. (MIRA 16:1)
(Diesel locomotives--Hydraulic drive)

Daradn and
Ju.I/Aug 118
Plants
"The'Preparation of Darmin and Anabasia,
A, F. Bulgakov, ~ pp
"Had Prom SSSR" No 4
Deta~ls characteristics and value of
darmInp
a perennial bush growing in Southern
Kazakhstan
steppes, as a medicinal plant, and
anabaslop
a bush which grove wild in Kazakh SSRO
contain-
ing ~he alkaloid anabasibe. .1 Daradn
ebuts, ins,
ethir, Usea in smiwneaicine for rbsvmtic
=4L:'4k1n 41""", Md. &a & L IMbot1tute
fOr.-
146itei neftail Propwatio no.
'Anabaolo~*Od ix C64
"ba ,aln-aIulfate
a very effective remedy la the
f:t ght agaimt. agricultuz-al peat&*.
PreparatIon of
'AW%In and anabasis can be expedited by
procons-
Is* tA2ese plants while they are ireen
since tbey.
contain twice as much active ingredient

BUlGAKOV, A.G.
New high-pressure pump. Ugoll Ukr. 3 n0-9:36 S 159-
1 (MIRA 13: 2)
(Mine pumps)

A."71OR:
TITLE:
Bizl7akov A. K.. Rysakov V. M.
S/754/62/000/00`4/005/006
Exnerl~mantal investigation of transients in radiowave propagation
PETRIODICAL: lianingyrad, 'Universitet. Problemy difraktsi;- i
rasprostraneniya voln.
no. 1. 1962. Rasprostraneniye radiovoln.
The investifration was a'imed at ascertaining experimentally the
e"f. ect o-'~ various Datns on the waveform of: a radio-frequency
pulse o-L~ Ithe mad-
th 1.
lenz~ band. The hitherto Dublished theoretical computations used ~n
excess-
ive -idsaliz-ation of the i'leld source. A short verticall
aunlen;na was used to trans-
mit cos-L-us-oidal st-eD functions with 550 kc/sec carrier. !he
transmittirg ar-
Lenna ,..-as at a hipbm of 18 "n, a 0.5 m antemna was used for
xreceDtion, the signal
eing am.Dlified and fed to an oscilloscoDe. The uaveforms obtained
In Dro-_~)a7ation
over diff"al"ent Da-Chs were measured. IThen t1he patbs had biqh
conductivity ftnud)
t-he -~)ulse wavef~rr.~, raTained constant uD to distances of .2
kn,. At low ground con-
ductiVity a noticeable decrease in the"amplitude, of the
high-f-requency oscil-
lati-ons .,:as obse--ved even a-fter less than one knr. At larger
dist.-ances the hiqh
Card 1/2

ExperImental investibp~ion of -~tan6ients... 3/754/62/1)00/001/005/006
frequency cocm-ponerits attenuate almost completely, owing to
preferred =--opaaf-eation
of the lo*.-i-frequency cori-.>onents. interesting results were
obtained in -he ca-se
Of propagation over two-Iayer grounds, andit is shown that same data
can beob-
taLned in this momer concex-nlng the relative thiclaiesses ard
conductivitres of
zhe !ayers. The-re an-- six fim,.Lres and five references, two to work
by Wait (Ca.-I.
I. Fays.) and t1hreee to ,;,orik by Johler.
Card 2/2

B/754/6:!/000/001/004/006
-V..M
AUI-IM: Bulga)mv A. K.-~ kysakov
TITTIS: Possibility of using high frequency electraarm-atic
oscil-latiors
in geoph sical prospecting
y
PEFLTODICAT-:, :Leningrad.,Universitet. Proble-my difraktsi-i i
raspros-Irareniya
voln. no. 1. 1962. Rasprostraneniye radiovoln. 143-150
TEXT: The Dossibility of employing' high-frequency waves in creoT~h
sical
C, . Y
prospecting is lnvestl;Tated usincrIcalculations made with im
electronic compuTer,
spec-L -.-,p7has-7
with 'al e: is on the intepretation oil experi;mental data obtained in
measumm~antts o-E* 'the surface impedance of geological struciiLres
(or of quanti-L-les
Li- CD -
elated with - Ae inj)edance. The earth is regarded as a double-laver
plane-pa-
ralle-I structu:--e with an upper layer of thic)Cness z and a lot-,er
1-ayer'extending
to infinity. ADD-rox:Lmate fo:.,mulas are derived for the dielectric
constant (E2) ,
the thicimess W, and the n~sistivity (p) of the uppers hyer in terms
of tt~e
average surface impedance (6 , the experimentally measurE:d quantity)
and the
reflection coefficlent R , wfi!-J~h can be regarded.as equal to-unity
in most cases
when the two la,
yers differ appreciably in their electric Imperties:
Card 1/2

-f using high freoLenc
Possit-ility o y ... S/754/62/DOD/001/004/006
6 S.7- 1010 62
av, P,= I . av
av 2
Af-1n 6 A6, R,
av
The accm-acy of -the above a'm)--ox!-ate formula was checked awainst
e,..:act calcul-
lations with. an c;-iputer and fourd to be withLn lil% in most cases,
but
e value of deviated unjer scn-e cim-mstances i'mm the true value by a
---nctor 2 -- 3. it is shown that an appreciable ZMrOwnt of irforration
cconcern-
ia7 the Dro~*--:-,--ies of fh-e upper layer can be obtained only if the
resistivIty
zhe upper laver exceeds IDDO ohm-neters, t-frien the --adio-frequency
n-anre
I zc) 10 ~'~/Sec Is -m~)st suitable. Direct measurement of suriftce
2311zeelance enrai
Us
ppractical diff.;.culties, but it is pointed out that sal" isfactory
results
C
all-e obtained by measurLng quarrttities associated with fne surFace
imp-2dance, namely
flection from the earth's surface for a normaliy incident
wave or the he-,'7~ht amplification, the latter by a procedure
described by J. R.
3, Geofisica pura e a~ppl. vol.28, 47, 1954). The;~e are four fig
LZ:..Bct references, the first tun in Russian. V. V. Novikov, an
assistazy,
in zhe Radi-ophysics favulty of the L--ningrad State Universiti, is
credited witIn
~h Calculat- ns.
Ca -rd 2 2

!~ I 15~5
S/169/6,2/000/009/()46/120
D228/D307
AUTHORS: Bulgakov, A. K. and Rysakov, V. M.
TITLE: Experimental investigation of transients during the
propagation of radio waves
PERIODICAL: Re'Lerativnyy zhurnal, Geofizika, no. 9, 1962, 38,
ab-:
stract 9A255 (In.collection: Probl. difraktsii i ras-
prostr. voln, 1, L.,*Leningr. un.-t, 1962, 151-155)
TEXT: The results of experimentally investigating the influence
of
different routes on the form of the medium-wave band's radio-fre-
qdency pulse are described. The transmitter's antenna (a vertical
pin, 18 m in height) was~fed by current df the type i =
1(t)cos,,)t
0
with a frequency charge of 55Q kc/s (1(t) is the unit
switchihg-on
function). At the observation point the aignal. studied was
received
-on a vertical O-5-m high antenna, amplified by a wide-band
ampli-
fier, and put into a two-beam 81ave-sweep oscillograph, from
whose
-screen'photographs were taken. Time marks were fed to the
oscillo-
graph's second beam. The authors quote examples of oscil~ograms,
Card 1/3

S/169/62i/000/009/046/120
Experimental investigation of ... D228/D307
obtained in the propagation of pulses over routes of high (a bog)
and low (0-:z,,3 x 10-3 ohm-m-1) conductance and over a two-layer
structure. In the latter case the upper layer was of about 10-20
m
-4 -5 -1 _1
and had a low conductance~-,~3 x 10. _ 1.5 x 10 ohm .m , but the
lower layer was a good conductor. It is noted that on the
propagation
of a pulse over a well conducting medium its form hardl changes
with distance, right up to the limiting distances (3 km~ which
were
studied. The decrease in the amplitude of the high-frequency os-
cillations at a distance of only 1 km is distinctly noticeable in
the second case, and these fade practically completely when the
distance is further increased. When studying the propagation of
pulses over a two-layer structure, considerable distortions were
observed; these can be explained by the superimposition of the
Sig-
nal, reflected from the top surface of the lower well-conducting
layer. It is pointed out that the upper layer's thickness can be
readily ascertained on the oacillograms from th e lag of the
reflec-
ted pulse. It is mentioned that the depths, computed from these
----data ( on the assumption that 6 in the top layer equals 10 -
20)t
Card 2/3

S/169/62/000/009/046/120
Experimental investigation of ... D228/D307
were found to be extremely close to values obtained by the method
of d.c. vertical electric sounding. It is indicated that more de-
tailed analysis of tile distortions in the pulse's form will evi-
dently allow not just the bottom layer's depth to be ascertained,
but also the structure's electric paramete:&s. Z-Abstracter-B
notek
Complete translation.-7
Card'3/3

S/ilil/62/005/0021/014/025
E1.92/S'582
q7
Ryssalizov,
0- "::-,c transient
C.,. L
V. 5, 1-10. -2, 1962, 5-20"
n' s radia~cd by a veztnical antenna su:)?liL'd
tLI-1-c curl---It of
Cos (w
r-::, C! t -Ls thc ,,.nit stc-) function, i..-crc
i-.Ivastil-ated
"ot:i ---iic dcdci,".cuce of t,-.e transient r espons c oa-i
-ed) an,~ t: 0
(t:,c llci~;lit fi.- .1
(talc d'-sta;Ice of observation
0 ant erl,-Ia
i ro::- t"O antcnn~'. h-ci-n- fi~-.Ccl) wore T:~ ct t ed
lrcclue-lcy 1-S and thc transtnittcdl SiSnal ~.-as
-0
c c e _4 v c cl s'.-. o r tvel-tical antenna 0-5 1',)
~,.,!Iosc transiern:!;
could, be i-LcL.'L'cc-Loc:- si-nal so reccived i-.-as
amplified in a
01-rd 112- 0

S121- 1/62/ "005/0C2/014/025
,q
El 9 -,/ E5' -
0,-.nd zj.,)i)jicd to an oscillosco-)c '-.',.c
L L. I
transiell-'s coul be cd. The c-xperimcnts in%~ica-cd t,,e
0~' t~IC 7' OS C 4 11 V.-~I; ory transicritz l.-Cro due
to t
rof-lect-Jon.--l- c)-f the applic(~ .3u'LSL- f-,-o::l
bot"ll O.-his o ft. 1- e
.0 Of t,!,C tra;lsicnt is do-fino-C az; t- 110
t Lne for the reclucl-Jon of" -.7ic amplitude ol'
the,.!~;,
osc4llation-, Ly c t' i.-,1 L a 0 r
-s wats b ut 10 'r- c a c
-icz-iod of 11-!ic EF oscillations T was a-):)ro:~imately
Cqual
C 0,,)
. of t,110 -111le- -1
'0 0- 4-10 j.,aVe to
to lr,,nSit ti:,.,
6i - , ~jjja a. c1
)~Ic,.C. In -encral, t"O c7uration of the trans J cilt S
Jncrcasos Irit:1
~4 froni t:,c antenna and its lliciegat- ":lo27C are 7 f4
-U
r0s.
-o:l- f2 D S , 19 6 1
Cc..rd 2/2

KOZINA, 04.; YANEVICH, Yu.M.; FILIPPOV, K.F.;
BULGAK,2L__A.K. ;MAKARC)V,G. I. 'Ptir. red.;
LALAYANTS, E.A., red.; ZHUKOVA,Ye.G.,Wb~rff7_r_eT.'k-
(Laboratory work on linear systems] Laboratornye raboty po
liNpinym sistemam. Leningrad, 1963, 168 p. (MIRA 16:9)
1. Leningrad. Universitet. Fizicheskiy fakulltet.
(Electric engineering--Laboratory manuals)
(Electronic circuits)

L 11114-6.6 EWjjj&&MwL--WR
XX NRa AP60.02303' SOURCE CODE: UR/0141/65/60.6
F
AUTHOR: Bulgakqy,,,A,,1X.; Dusev, N. 1. Pyankov, V. M.,
ORG: Leningrad State University (Leningradskiy gosudarstyennyy
universitift)
TITLE: Transient processes in.linear antennas
SOURCE; IVUZ. Radiofizika, .v. 8, no. 6, 1965, 1187-1195
TOPIC TAGS: antenna, microwave antenna, transient
electromagnetic field
ABSTRACT: Transient phenomena which occur during either
stationary or nonstationary
radiation from a linear antenna are investigated. For the
traveling wave.case, it is
shown that radiation impedance is independent of the exci.tation
waveform and the
antenna length, and has a value of 83 ohm. In the general case
of reflections from
an antenna termination, it is shown that most of the attenuation
occurs in the re-
flected rather than the incid6nt portions of the applied wave.
For step-function or
similar sharply-rising driving voltages, it thus becomes
necessary to take these
reflections into account; whereas for sufficiently slowly rising
voltages, they may
be safely ignored. The analysis was extended to a study of
transient effects in the
near-field antenna region. Experimental results are given for
both near- and far-
field response to step-function excitation of load matched
antennas. The authors
conclude that in traveling wave antennas, transient effects must
be considered in
the near-field region, and for this reason it is not correct to
equate antenna action
to that of an equivalent point source dipole Orig. art. has: 4
figures. [SHI
Card' 1/1, UDC: 921 .396.67l

11114-66
NR, AP6002303
SUB CODE: 09 SUBM DATEi O8Apr64/ oRiG riE F oo5/ ATD PUSS:
Card 2/2

BARDYSHEV., I.I.; CHERCHES, Kb.A.; ARINCHITS, Ye.A.;
BULGAKOV, A.N.
Quantitative composition of the Lar acids of pine and
llir oleoresin.
Gidroliz. i. lesokhJm. 18 no.2:10-11 165.
(MIRA 18:5)
1. Institut fiziko-organicheskoy khimii AN BSSR.

(',iIEI,UES, YI).A.,* BARDYSHEV, I.I.; 4ULCIAKOV,
A.N.; AXIN'Ll'111TS, Ya.A.
Caniponition of resin oils of oleoresin from.
Aleppo and
Crimean pines and their hydridea. Zhur.prikl.khim.
38
no.11:2624-2627 N 165,
(MIRA 38:12)
3, Submitted October 16, 1963.

SOV/130-58-12-15/21
AUTHORS: Ilyukovich, B.M., and Bull ak S4__
TITLE: Reducing Roll Consumption (Umen'sheniye raskhoda
prokatnykh valkov)
PERIODICAL: Metallurg, 1956, Nr 12, PP 34 - 35 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The authors describe the use on a three-stand mill
at the
Chusovskiy metallurgical works of worn rolls which had
previously been scrapped. They show the finishing passes
for rolling Nr 10 channel (Fig 1) and state that when the
rolls become unserviceable (not through breakage) only
the top roll is scrapped and the bottom roll is made into
the top roll; comparing (Table) new and re-used roll life
for rolls of unknown composition, the authors state that
when rolls of low-alloy, magmesium inoculated cast iron
are used in this way roll life remains unchanged. Fig 2
shows the finishing-stand passes for rolling 90 x bO x
6-8-10 and 80 x 55 x 6-8-10 wi.,i angles where the toz roll
is also twice-used. Fig 3 shows the rough-stand (three-
high) passes for rolling Nr 10 H-beaiii whon& for re-use
Card 1/2 the top and bottom rolls change places and a now
middle
roll is inserted. The re-using of rolls is most

'Reducing Roll Consumption
SOV/130-58-12-15/21
advantageous witli long barrel lengths and at least five
or six passes. The method has wide applicability buit
each case should be decided on its merits; it leads to
a great saving in roll consumption with constant pass
durability.
There are 3 figures and 1 table.
ASSOCIATIONS: Chusovskiy and Saldinskiy metallurgical
works
Card 2/2

SOV/1327-57- 10-1918!
Translation froni, Referativnyv zhurnal,1vIetallUrgiya,
1957,Nr 10.p 106 (USSR)
AUTHOR: Bul2akov,
TITLE: Delivery Thin-walled Pipe of Maxit-riurn Length
With Insula-
tion Applied at the Plant (0 postavke tonkostennykh trub
rnaksi-
n-ial'noy d1iny s gotovoy zavodsl~oy izolyalsiyey)
PERIODICAL: V sb.: Ratsionalizatsiya. profiley prokata.
Moscow, Profizdat,
1956, pp 261-262
ABSTRACT-. The increased transportation of petroleum and
gas in the
next five years will require ferrous metallurgy to supply a
large quantity of thin-walled p;.pe (P). Each unnecessary
mm
of wall thickness in a 500-mm P will result in the
consumption
of 400,000 t of steel in the laying of the planned
pipelines, and
this comes to 0. 5 billion rubles, not counting
transportation
and other costs. Therefore. planning of the production of
P at
the plant should be in m and not in t. At the same time,
it is
necessary to provide that P be insulated at the plant. and
this
Card 1/1 too will yield a rnajor economy. V.01

',,BULGAKOV, . A. V.. ,
,
~~,F
Boldly improve pipeline laying techniques.
Stroi.pred.neft.
prom. I no.10:16-21 D 156. (WaA lOt2)
(Petroleum-PI".1ines)

- c-h:-KAKZRSBTYni, A.G., kand.tekhn.nauk, red.;
BIMINA, O.S., red.; OUR 1Y. Ye.Ye., tekhn.red.
[Overhead gas pipelines with self-compensating
thermal stresses;
construction and maintenance] Hadzemnye gazoprovody a
samokompen-
astaiei temperaturnykh napriazhanii; opyt
atroitel'stva i eksplu-
atataii. Moskva, Otdel nauchno-tekhn.informatsii,
1959. 71 P.
(MIRA 13:9)
(Gas, Natural--Pipolinea)

BULGAKOV, A. V. Cand Med Sci -- (diss) "On the Pathological
Anatomy
g-Changes in Lungs During Dysenter
and Pathogenesis of tU y in
Children, s0 Ward-5 Aig"11PP Kursk, 1957. 15 PP 18 cm.
(Voronezh
State Medical Inst), 100 copies (KL, 26-57, 112)
- ill -

BULGAKOV. A.V., assistent
Morphological changes in the lungs following aspiration
of a vomited
mass. Sbor. trud. Kursk. goo. med. Inst. no.13:322-325
118.
(MIRA 140)
1. Iz kafedry sudebnoy meditsily (zav. - prof.
K.I.Khizhnyakova)
Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo medit-3inakogo instituta.
(LUNGS-FOREIGF BODIES)

BULGAKOVt A.V., assistent
Case of pheochromocytoma. Sbor. trad. Kursk. gos. med.
imt. no.13:
436-438 158. (MIRA 14:3)
1. Iz kafedry sudebnoy meditsiny (zav. - prof.
K.I.Khizhnyakova)
Kurskogo gosudarstvennogo meditslnsko~ 0 incstituta.
(ADRENkL GLANDS--TTJMORS

BULGAKOV., A. V.
Morphometric calculations on the Ural--2
Electronic Digital
Computer. Transp. stroi. 13 no.4258-59 Ap ;63.
,MIRA 16.4)
(Geomorphology) (Ural comput)r)

BULGAKOVP A.V., assistent
Morphology of the cardiovascular system in sudden
ucardiac'
death. Sbor. trud. Kursk. gos. med. inst.
no.16:252-255 162.
(MIRA 17:9)
1. Iz kafedry sudebnoy meditsiny (zav. - prof. K.I.
Khizhnyakova)
Kurskogo meditsinskogo instituta.

BUIGAKOV, BA. A 135E/6
756-543
.B9
Vosstanovlenlye 1 rekonstrukstiya ri?,hskikh
gorodskikh naberezhnykh
(Repair and Reconstruction of Riga mmicipal quays,
by) B. A. Bulgakov
V. V. Nikolayev I D. A. Sokolov.
Riga, Akademkniga latviyskoy SSR, 1952. 109 P.
illus., diagrs.
0
At heed of title: Akademiya Nauk Latviyskoy SSR.
Institut Ekonomiki.

13 U b; ri ko ~ _R /V
BULGAKOV, B.A., inzhener; SUVNOV, Te.Y., inshener.
Precast reinforced concrete framevork for a tall
bKlilding in
Riga. Stroi-Prom-32 no.11:6-8 N 154, (K[,U 7:11)
1. Respublikanakiy proyektnyy iustitut Latv.SSR.
(Riga-Reinforced concrete construction) (Precast
concrete construction)

BUILAKOV,-.B.I.; NIKOLAYEV,. V.V.; SOKOLOV,
D.A.; GOLOVIN, G., red.;
PETERSON, A., tekhn. red.
(Repair and reconstruction of quays in the city
of Riga]
Vosstanovlenie i rekonstruktsiia rizhskikh
gorodskikh na-
berezhnykh. Riga, Izd-vo AN Latv.SSR, 1952. 109
p.
(MIRA 16:6)
(Riga-Wharves)

BULGAYWV. B.
9-L~~
From practices of the transfer of sugar factory boiler
rooms to
mazut firing. Sakh.prom. 36 no.5.'J4.'/-,50 YV 162. OURA
15-.5)
1. Kiyevenergonaladka.
(Boilers-Firing) (Sugar industry-Equipment and supplies)

BULGAKOV, B.I.
Improving the burning of mazut in boiler rooms. Sakh.
prom. 37
no.3.s28-32 Mr 163. (KRA 16:/W
1. Kiyevenergonaladka. (Boiler~--Firing)

BULGAKOV, B.I.J. inzh. (Kiyev)
Shoe.-flame nozzleleas burning of mazut in heating
boilers. Vod. i san.
tekh. no.9:29-30 S 164. (141fiA .11-1i)

BULGAKOV., B.I.; PERERVA, I.A.
----
Boiler room with cyclone combustion of ma2ut by the
vortex method.
Ferm.i spirt.prom. 31 no.1:41-43 165.
(MIRA 18.'5)
1. UkrNIlGiproneft' (for Bulgakov). 2. Andrushevskdy
spirtozavod
(for Fererva).

We must re-examine individual methods of
calculating COGtB Of
shoes. K:)zh.-obuv. prom. ne.3:37 Mr 159. NITLk
12: 6
(Shoe Industry-Costs)

W 17-71-r-
*Pc-rlofflc Phanoment Dunng the ElectrodeWsitioz of
X 7
CaAmJum im- the Rmsnct of A;buhoh.

U
B K. ; BUGAK
k,sci.";o!.ra-,,hie investipation of cathodic pnlarlzat!~,r in
connectior
,...-ith electrodeposition of -.9tals at high current Uch.zap.
1MU 71-60-75 15C. (: A)
(Blectrol-Ir.T.ing) (Polarization (1;1(-Ct71Cit;r))

a,4 e. /~j
AUTHORS: Bul-akov, B. M., ShestorEtloj, V. P., 3o
TITLE: Pro'-ju~ation of Electro-Idagnetic waves in Returdin,_,,
S.;ste,,,s, u~~ijjg
a Spiral and a Lielectric (Ras pros t rai-,eniy e e 1 e~_:t ro,,~;
Ili
voln v zamedlya- , ., i 1 1~ a
dielc:ktrik) jushchikh sistei:ialfl is.pollzayus~c. :11 ~A* r 1
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal Tekhnichesoj Fiziki, 1958, Vol. 26, 11a 1,
188-2ol
(USSR)
ABSTRACT:
Card 1/2
The propagation of electrom-1-netic waves is invcstil-a-ted in L
spi-
ral located in a dielectric mediuLa at the or-Osence of an electron
bun6le. The properties of rutar(linr.- s,-.qtem~; ii, a.-Iich
cojistruction
onai-es in the spiral as well as in hu dielectri(; --re poss--ible,
are investil-ated. It is demonstrated: 1 T!-.,e a_plificatic.-. cf
the
-at cor.L;tant wave len.-th dc_,C;_n_,aser_: t~,e in-
cr.aS(- of the dielectricit,,, constant of the i:1 -;.,hi(,-,i the
spiral i.,.: loctod, i.L-. in thu c;,L;c L,1' a of thu
velocitj interval of the electron banc.le for -,'hicii an
a:.1-lif-J. cat ion
isistill .)Ossible. The efficit:llcy of t'-c S.;.3t,~_-.
1j. 2) Thu a:iplificatioii cocfi'iciei~v. of tile 3,:S-tt2_.,
CIUCIrOn IUUI',dle
-sljiral -dielectric - can be higher thar, tllc~ a...,plification
~o~-ffi-
cic~nt of electron bundlc~ s:)iral if v~av(, L)--' Vie in'tun-
sifiud oscillation6 is cl.osen i--.

Propa-ation of Electron-La~;netic Waves in Retardin- S,,*stei.-.s,
ots-;-.,-,- 57-1-2-S13o
~ 11 - I I
a Spiral anu a Dielectric.
c 2-1
r. colmt. T r~ldiu-i cf tl~e S-ninal
v h ai; e
p 11as e 0
-oh,:~je velocit wave 1,~r,;tli, c - li !ht v(~loci t-,
3) Th,:~ introduction of additional iii-to the Sy-
StemIli (axial i:,ctal b:1r, exterior mt,~tal etc.) 2ossib1c
Gisperv '2~ie uz~e of niu~netic-
Siorl dependence of tli,:; J
cat,s (:j.,a-netik) in retavdiv,,, s-,stc-j aluii:; leads
to ar, i.~I.,~ortunt nt-vi distribution, of thtf en,~r,,,j floy,
ting in .,.e zyzteii.
ASSOC IAT ION: Khlar I k.c)v State Univcrsity imni A 0 'iar L;osu-
darstvo,-,i-,,-y univL~rsit.Lt i.:i. A.!,:.
SUBMITTED. ',7ovc..,b(-r 22o, 1956
AVAILABLE: Librarj of Con6ress
Card 2/2

F, 7 1. 7 7
~1, ~1000 SOV/24 -59-4-21/33
AUTHORS- Bulgakov, B.M. and Shestopale-q-, V.P. (Kharlkov)
TITLE- influence of the Magneto-dieler-tric Medium on the
Propagation of Electromagnetic Wav-e~sAn a Helical
Lfj~Xe&jL:Li0,e Situated in a Magnete-die-lectric
1~5
PERIODICAL~ Izvestiya Akademii nauk.SSSR, Otdeleniye
tekhnicheskikh
nauk, Energetika i avtomatika, 1959, NT 4, pp 166-176
(USSR)
ABSTRACT, It has been shown �n the wor-ks of Shestopalov, Olvin
et al (Refs 6-9) that the use of a dielec-J.ric or a
magnet o-di el estric in a travel 1i ng-walre tube can lead to
the improvement of some of the cbarac~teristi-~~ parameters
of the tube, in particular, the increase in gain and the
-redur;tj-on in its geometrical. dimensions. A 'helical
waveguide situated inside an isotropic axially-
symmetrical magneto-odieleztric cylinder is analysed in
this article. For the purpose of analysis, it is assumed
that the helix can be replaced by a helically-conductIng
cylinder. Only the axi-ally-symmetric-al waves are taken
into account. The dependence of the field on time t and
Card 1/8

67477
SOV/24,,59-4-.21/33
Influence of the Magneto.-dielectric Medium on the Propagation
of
Electromagnetic Waves in a Helical Waveguide Situated in a
Magneto-dielectric
the longitudinal coordinate z is in the form of
exp[i(wt - 0z )3 ,where w is the angular frequency and
P is the longitudinal propagation constant. The expre-
ssions for the normalised field components aref
E 1 - 6a,(X) I_OcrI(x)
er = r = pr~,(x) - e (x)
E z 1 - 6d0 (x) Hz i+:Odo(x)
H 1 - Od1 (x) H i - 661(x)
hr = H 1 =.Pr~,(x) l + 06 (x h9 E~P-WcrYx) 1 +6d
z 0 z 0
where 6 and () are unknown integration constants which
can be defined from the boundary conditions. Other
parameters of Eqs (1.1) are defined by Eqs (1.2), where
Card 2/8 1 L--,

674 7 .7
SOV/24-59-4-21/33
Influence of the Magneto-dielectric Medium on the Propagation of
Electromagnetic Waves in a Helical Waveguide Situated in a
Magneto-dielectric
I and K are modified Bessel functions of the first
n n
and second kind, y is the transverse propagation constant
which is related to P by Eqs .(1.3), where 0 CP is -the
propagation constant in a medium having a perm-Ativity
e anda permeability ,i . For a system consisting of a
cylindrical helix situated inside a magneto-dielectric tube
(Figure 1), the dispersion equation is.
2
x01 tg2U?
2 2
PO r1
I A BL 1 (d
= - e 1:01 t. 101 002/,101)1-
Card 3/8 1 Bx01 ~-- Y r11 + (d 102/6001)] A[l (e. 002 Id 001)]
1.4)
0 1, x1l = Ylyl

67477
SOV'4-59-4-w3~ropagation of
Influence of the Magneto-dielectric Medium on t e
Electromagnetic Waves in a Helical Waveguide Situated in a
Magneto-dielectric
where A and B are defined by Eqs (1-5). The symbol
Y in the above equations denotes the winding angle of
the helix. In the symbols cr nmL and ~nmL , the first
subeript denotes the order of the functions in Eqs (1.2),
the second subscript refers to the medium, while the third
subscript denotes the radius of the helix or the radius
of the magneto-dielectric. The constants 6 1 and E)l
which define the relative field components in the space
betvreen the helix and the magneto-dielectric, and 6 2
and 0 2 1 which refer to the inside of the magneto-
dielectric tube, are expressed by Eqs (1.6). Eq (1.4)
determines the relationship between the transverse
propagation constants for vacuum y 0 and for magneto-
Card 4/8 dielectric yj j These quantities are related by Eqs

67477
SOV/24-59-4-21/33
Influence of the Magneto-dielectric Medium on the Propagation
of
Electromagnetic Waves in a Helical Waveguide Situated in a
Magneto-dielectric
By adopting the notation Y 0r1 = X01 and 6 1r1= X11
the dispersion equation takes the form of Eq (1*9), 'where
Y = X11 /x Ol I , = 'l /EO I it = IllhA0and
F(xol, y, c, ji) is a transcendental function which, for
fixed values of c and Ii depends only on x 01 and y
Eq (1.9) can be solved by grapho-analytical methods
(Refs 13-15). This type of solution is illustrated in
Figure 2. Eq (1.9) can be used to evaluate thecblay of
the system. This is defined by: 1/2
0 =( CIL - 1
M - -2 - 1 (1.10)
V4 , - Y.
where c is the velocity of light in vacuum and V~ is
the phase velocity of a wave in the system. The calcul d
Card 5/8

67477
SOV/24-59-4-21/33
Influence of the Magneto-dielectric Medium on the Propagation
of
Electromagnetic Waves-in a Helical Waveguide Situated in a
Magneto.-dielectric
results obtained on the basis of Eq (1.9) are shown in
Figures 3-7. Figure 3 illustrates the dependence of
(c/v )tgy on the ratio of the radius of the magneto-
dielectric to the radius of the helix. The values of
C/V~ as a function of Pr I are plotted in Figures 4
and 5 for various values of e and 1i . Similar curves
are shown in Figure 6. Figure 7 illustrates the solution
of Eq (1.9) for special cases. Further calculated
results are given in Figure 8, which shows the ratio of
the power propagating inside the helix to the power
outside it as a function Px- When the helix is closely
adjacent to the magneto-dielectric, the boundary conditions
of the system can be expressed by Eqs (3-1) (Refs 16, 17).
The notation adopted in these equations is defined by
Eq(3.2),-where t is the width of the tape of the helix
and d is its spacing. For this system, the dispers' n
Card 6/8 7~

6747
SOV/24-59-4-21/33
Influence of the Magneto-dielectric Medium on the Propagation
of
Electromagnetic Waves in a Helical Waveguide Situated in a
Magneto-dielectric
equation is in the form of Eq (3-3). This is used to plot
the graphs of Figure 10, which show that the delay of the
system is strongly dependent on the values of e . The
losses due to the magneto--dielectric in the system can be
evaluated by considering the dispersion equation for
r1 = r2 and r 3 = 00 ~ The resulting expression at high
frequencies is in the form of Eq (4.1). If the quantities
P, e and It in Eq (1.4) are complex (as defined by
Eqs 4.2) and if the conditions of Eqs (4.3) are fulfilled,
the ielationship between the real and the i"aginary
components of P are expressed by Eq (4.4). In this,
the ratio ell/sO characterises the dielectric losses,
while ILI'/jil represents the magnetic losses. The possible
applications of the abo-e type of waveguide (helix in a
magneto-dielectric tube) are discussed. It is shown that
the waveguldes can be used in trairel.ling-wave tubes (as
Card 7/8

67477
SOV6 2,k-5 qp-4_21~2.3.
j
Influence of the Magneto-dielectric Medium on The ropag flon
of
Electromagnetic Waves in a Helical Waveguiele Situated in a
Magneto-dielectric
delay systems or matching sections), antennae, measurement
of perm1ttivity and permeability of various materials and
long-distance transmission wavegu.ides.
There are 10 figures and 22 references, of which 5 are
English, 17 Soviet; 1 of the Soviet references is
translated from English.
ASSOCIATION: Kharlkovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet
(Kharlkov State Universitv) qz
SUBMITTED: April 9, 1959
Card 8/8

88701
z1 2-3o
S/058/60/000/010/oio/014
A001/AO01
Translation from: R*eferativnyy zhurnal, Fizika, 1960, No. 10,
p. 321, # 27490
AUTHORS: Bulgakov, B.M,J, Shestopalov, V.P.
TITLE: Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Decelerating
Systems Which
Contain a Spiral and a Dielectric
PERIODICAL: Tr. Konferentsii po elektronike SVCh, 1957,
Moscow-Leningrad, Gosen-
ergoizdat, 1959, PP. 150 - 170
TEXT: The authors investigate-theoretically propagation of
electromagnetic
waves in a spiral waveguide placed into a dielectric medium,
when a monoenergetic
electron beam is moving along the system axis. The problem was
solved by the
method of linking the fields at the interface of the beam and
the spiral cyclindri-
cal surface, which conducts anisotropically, in the
approximation of the weak sig-
nal theory. It was established that with the increasing
dielectric constant of
the medium, into which the spiral is placed, the amplification
of the system, at a
constant wavelength, decreases somewhat with a certain increase
in the velocity
range of the electron beam, for which amplification is still
possible. It is also
Card 1/ 2

88701
S/058/6o/'0oo/p1o/01o/014
AOOI/AO01
Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Decelerating Systems
Which Contain a Spiral
and a Dielectric
shown that the amplification factor of such a system can be
larger than the ampli
fication factor of the spiral - electron beam system, if the
wavelength of ampli
fied oscillations is chosen in a special way and satii;fies the
following relation:
vc 2 J-t a = const,
ph /1-o
where c and k 0 are light velocity and wavelength in free space,
v h
is the phase
velocity of the decelerated wave, and a is spiral ra& .-us.
PossiblE changes in the
design of the spiral - dielectric system are considered. It was
established that
the introduction of additional elements into the dece'.erating
system (axial metal
rod, external metal casing, etc) permits changes in tile nature
of dispersion charac-
teristics of the system. The authors performed also an analysis
of the system con-
sisting of a spiral and a magneto-dielectric. The uso in
decelerating systems of
magnetics, side-by-side with dielectrics, leads to a
considerable re-distribution
of the flux of electromagnetic energy which propagates in the
system. There are 9
references. V.P. Shestopalov
Translator's note: This is the full translation of the original
Russian abstract.
Card 2/2

BULGAKOV, B. M., Cand Phys-Math Sci -- (diss)
"Propagation of
electromagnetic waves in spiral waveguides set in
laminated
magnetodielectric and gyrotropic media." Khar'kov,
1960. 9 pp;
(Ministry of Higher and Secondary Specialist Education
Ukrain-
ian SSR, Khar'kov Order of Labor Red Banner State Univ
im A. M.
Gor'kiy); 150 copies; free; bibliography at end of text
(14
entries); (KL, 25-60, 125)

'2,/,3 00
88159
s/109/60/005/011/008/014
i, 14o/i.- 483
AUTHORS: Bulgalcoy WWW Shestopalov, V.P., Shishkin, L.A.
'T"nu Tawmmanlco, J.P.
TITI.E: Symmetrical Surface Waves in a Helical V.-aveguide
Immersed in a Forrite Modium
PLATODICAL: Radioteklinika i clektronika, 1960, Vol.5, No.11,
pp. 1818-1827
T,:'~T: Suhl anti '-.-alker (!!cf.-,) have considered the
dispersion

properties of .1 1-kc-lical. with extrrnal ferrite
m%:Aium in

th(! presence of a constant transverse magnc.-tic
bins. Tile

dispersion equations of such a -zystc--m contain
t-ilodified fiessel.

functions as well as Laguerre or Whittakor
function.: which

-complicates the anal.ysi!z of the
charactcristic equation-~. if the

magnetic bias field is
parallel to the axi.,~z of the ,y-,-tem, the

longitudinal field
components in the ferriti, and frt~e- --;pace. are

expressed by
the modified Bessel function:;. The disper:sion

equation can be
analysed more fully therefore than in the case of

transverse
bias. The article derives the dispersion equation of a

helical
wavegui(ie placed in a cv1indric'al cavity in in infinite

ferrite medium. In cylindrical coordinates, the wavegmide
passes

Card 1/2

88159
I. w)/60/005/011 /008/0111
F'. I. 1i o /r, 4 8 -)
Symmetrical !:urface h'aves in a Helical Waveguide Tinmersed
in a
Fvrrite Niedium
'in a radial direction. It is assumed that slow
axia-Ily-symmetrical
uraves propagate in the system. The following special cases
art-
considered: smal.1 gyro tropi city, largi! mag-netic bias
field, the
system close to resonance and low magni-,Lic permnability. The
dispersion equations here derived are solved by a method of
sticces,;ive approximations. The dis1wi-sion cm-ves for various
values of' the system parameters are given. The article
concludes
with the cal-cu.1ation of the power I'lux distribution in Lhe
svstcm.
There are 6 figures and 12 referonces: 9 ~-oviet (one of which
is
a transIation from Eng-tish) and -3 non---~oviet.
ASSOCIATION: l11'har1kov,,kiy go.-mdarstv(-nnyy universitet
im. A.M.Gorlkogo
(Khar1kov State University imeni A.M.Gor'kiy)
'~IJBMTTTED: December 10, 1959
Card 2/2

3ULC,.4,-Ov, B.M., SHESTOPALOV, V.P., SHISHKIN,
L.A., YAKIMENKO, I-F-
Slow waves in a spiral wave guide with plasma.
Zhur. tekh. fiz.
30 no.7-.840-850 Jl 160. (MIRA 13:8)
1. Kharlkovskiy gosuclarstvannyy universiteb im.
A.M. Gorlkogo-
(Wave guides) (Plasma (Ionized ,-ases))

21432
F,4300 (Ac133ol,; -a Iro 1130) S/109/61/oo6/ool/010/023
EAO/E163
AUTHORS: Bu I Shestopalov, V.P., Shishking L.A.,
an6l Yakimenko, I. P.
TITLE- Unilateral wave propagation in helical waveguide
immersed in ferrite medium
PERIODICAL: Radiotekhnika i elektronika, Vol.6, No.1, 1961,
pp. 81-91
TEXT: The authors consider the previously observed but not
satisfactorily explained phenomenon of directive
propagation in a
system consisting of a helix surrounded by a ferrite
medium with
an applied constant axial magnetic field. The actual
directivity
observed of 6:1 (Ref.2a J.A. Rich, S.E. Weber, Proc.
I.R.E.,
1935t 439 1, 100) is higher than that predicted by
elementary
theory, which determines the degree of directivity from the
eccentricity of' the magnetic field vector ellipse in the
plane
perpendicular to the constant magnetic field. Rich and
Weber
(Ref.2) proposed that the divergence between the
experimental
results and the predictions of the elementary theory are
caused
by the influence of the ferrite permeability on the
magnetic
Card l/ 3

21432
S/109/61/006/ool/olo/m
Unilateral wave propagation in ... Ei4o/F.163
vector ellipse eccentricity. The present authors have
previously
(Ref.3) published an electrodynamic solution of the problem for
lossless systems. The present note solves the same problem for
systems with dielectric and magnetic losses having a ferro-
resonant character. The analysts predicts directivities of up
to
8:1, a result useful for the design of ferrite attenuators for
TWT-amplifiers. on the basis of the formulae obtained curves
have been calculated which permit the following conclusions.
(1) The directivity has a maximum in the neighbourhood of a
resonant frequency, of the order of 8;1. (2) The dependence of
attenuation of magnetization for a given magnetic field is
weak.
(3) At frequencies equidistant from resonance the attenuation
increases as the magnetic field decreases. (4) In the presence
of high dielectric losses frequency bands are possible in which
the backward attenuation is lower than the forward attenuation.
Thus the dependence of attenuation ratio and of absolute
attenuation on the dielectric loss have the same character. it
is necessary to take ferrites with the lowest possible
dielectric loss.
Card 2/3

21432
S/log/61/oo6/ool/010/023
Unilateral wave propagation in ... E140/E163
There are 5 figures and 5 references: 3 Soviet and 2 English.
ASSOCIATION: Kharlkovskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet im.
A.M. Gor1kogo
(Kharlkov State University imeni A.M. Gorlkiy)
SUBMITTEDs February 15, 1960
Card 3/3

2)4872 S/109/61/006/007/012/020
D262/D3 06
AUTHORS: Sh,-stopciov, V.P. , Bulgakov, A.A. , and ]Bulgakov,
B-11-7.
TITLE: Theoretic-,-7-2 and experimental analysis of
helical-dielec-
uric ant-onfta-a
PERIODICAL: Radiotekhnil.a 1. clektronikap v. 6, no. 7, ~96ly
1136 - 1145,
TEXT: Dielectric and helical antennae are widely used in SHP
range
as the antennae for travelling waves. They con'sist of sections
of a
dielectric br helical waveguides, along which the electromagnptic
wave can be propagated with a phase velocity v, less than the
velo-
~city of light e in the free space. In a helical dielectric
antennae
there should be properties comion both to the helical and
to.-the di-
electric antenna. In particular, its Geonetrical dimensions,-for
gi-.
ven angle of the helix P and for Given, dielectric constant, S,
should~.
be smaller. In the Dresent article the theoretical and
experimen~al,f;
study of nal antennae is presented. The theoretical analysis is.
Card 1/5

S/109/61/006/007/012 /020
Theoretical and exDeTimental ... D2,62/D306 \j
carried out considering an infinite helical - dielectric
waveguide
made of a ribbon helix of radius a, 1,-iidth of-the ribb6n 6,
angle of
the'helix VI and pitch D. The helix is filled with dielectric
having
the dielectric constant E. and magnetic permeability jil;
outside*
the helix there is a.medium with E. and ji . The
analysis.shows thai
1) The'dielectric within the wavegUe sl3ws down
considerably.the'
u
phase velocity of the electromagnetic waves 'and increases
the delay.
This has been shoy-m by solving the dispersion equation of
the sys-
tem with the boundary conditions as given in
E(I)
V)'j,_. = E,12)
(HO) - (2)
40 HIP
where indices 1, 2 refer to the space inside and outside the
helix '
jV iz - the surface components of current at the helix. From
the
obtained dispersion equations the current.distribution is
given by
Card 2/5

A672 S/109/61/006/007/012/020
Theoretical and experimental D262/D306
-In ~n
2p
the non-resonant term of which is
2
sin V In (10)
~_k,,) t9' 1P _+s,
N,
The Incre*ase in time delay in the helix dielectric waveguide re-
sults in a greater directivity of radiating into the free'space
energy. This is established by applying Kirchhoff's integral me-
U
thod to the electric field 1
2r(z X. X9 (13
E --- To-R
Card 3/5

M172 :
S/109/61/006/007/012/020
Theoretical and ex-oerimental D262/D306
where A9 - the wavelength of delayed viave; R - distance to
the-ob-
serivation. point; 0,,cp - spherical coordinate 6ystem
angles; q5'-
azimuth angle along the cylinderical antenna surface; 1 -
length of
the antenna; V is independent, of z. 31) The introduction of
dielec-
tric shifts the 4~ectiviq pattern ith rdspect to the antenna:
axis. This has been confirmed exp eriment ally, although not
-queanti-
tatively. It is thouChtj that this effect is due to
assymetrical,
with respect to the helix azimuth, waves. 4) The dielectric
filling
the helix antenna Dermits 'he deciease of the antenna
dimensions
V3' times approxim-ately but then the bandwidth of 'he
antenna de-.
creases. 5) To increase the bandwidth"a stratified
dielectri-c or a
magneto dielectric -.ied3'-um should be used, the
experimental par'
consisting of measuring directivity patterns and current
distriv~u_
tion along the antenna for helices with ~ = 4.13; 5.16; 8.42
and
a = 1; 4.5; 20; 81. In all cases the helix dimensions were
kept con-
stant: 1 = 14 cm; 2a = 4.6 cm, the wavelength being changed.
The
energy was supplied-by a generator type rC712 (GS/12). For.
match-
ing the central conductor was fixed on 'to organic gldss
termin~.18,
Card 4/5

21j872
I al

OBOLDUYKV, G.T.; PETROV, L.D.; SUKHP14OV, G.l.;
WTEV, P.V., kand.
tekhn. nauk, red.;_PLGAKOV, B.S., inzh., retsenzent
[Ilanullering and press forging] Kovka pod
molotard i presswai.
Moskva, I-lashinostroenie, 1964. 206 p.
(Bibliotechka kuz-
netsa-novatora, no.4) (EIRA 17:32)

BULGAKOY, ~ojLs Ser>v*h;.-GATOV, B.I., red.;
FREGER, D.P., red,
izd-va;,BELOGUROVA, I.A., tekhn. red.
[Adopting the group method of press forging die
blocks]
Oavoenie gruppovoi tekhnologii kovki shtampovykh
kubikov pod
pressami. Leningrad, 1962. 21 p. (Leningradskii dom
nauchno-
tekhnicheskoi propagandy. Obmen peredovym opytom.
Seriia; Goria-
chaia i kholodnaia obrabotka metallov davleniem, no.7)
(MIRA 16:3)
(Forging)

S/162/62/000/007/003/007
D040113
lg-~kov, B.S.
u
B
'IT'_E: Groui) rmi~thod of forgint; die blocks
1 1 C -'~ L :Ku7.ncchno-shtar.T~ovochnoye :--raizvodstvo, no.
7, -
1~62, 1"-16
~7_ Y M
T`e L.--nin-r-aaskiy Zavod "Bolshevik" (Lenin;;rad
"BclIshevi'-' Pl-in",
rou7-for.-in,311 method by which several die block,~s are in
_flat
from one steel ingot -.-;ithout rreliminary billeting;~'only
one reheat
ins' :-Li of three rcheats formerly us(.Ci,is required. The new
techniQue re-
~-U', t:! inI less metal xast,,a in crop, in,3 and 15~ hi- er
ford
h ing 7,rrductivity.
0 - t;I -
data is given on the proce.-is, which was developeci in -
7
-i-.L,ly for forgiln[; 3 die blocks from one 5.cl; ton inC;ot,
and is no-a used -aith
-.-.-(A~;hing up to 8-9 t. Die blocks are produced as ver rOCT
7,931-55
(GCST 7,931-55) usin:,- 4 different process pro.:-rams
depending on the weight of
the in,~ots, the number of die blocks to be Droduced from one
ingot, and "he
~Jlpn and capacity of the press. The 4 Processes are
illustrated by a chart,
with sletch drawings. A drawing shows the tooling used at the
"Bollshevik"
Card 1/2

~/182/62/000/007/003/007
D040/D113
Grou-, m--~thod of forging die blocks
?1 an, t .Critical r~17-.Iarks are made in connection -,%-ith a
die block forcing
(;C-.cription given by 'N.V. Volynkin
("Kuzneclino-slitan-jovoch,,ioye -,)roizvodz;!-vo1'.
no. 11, 19061). It is mentioned that the billeting operation
was eliminat-~d
-".hen for,,'~-in,,- -any ingots (except for steel with
specific physical propertie:,)9
includin- billets used for die blocks. The author points out
that iorginr
-wit'- s-.-.-ar-ing of seDarate billets must only be employed
in exclusive cases,
r.ainly in drop forging when swaginG of the entire billet is
impossible.
The-re are 2 figures and 1 chart.
Card 212

JULGAKOV, -horis Serge3~~yich; KAI,24EV, F.V.,
red.; ~REGER, D.P,,
red.izd-va; B'-,ibGIJROVA, I.A., tekhn. red.
[Making large titanium alloy forgings] Koyka
k:-upnykh
pokovok iz titanovogo splairzi; stenograrma
lektzii ob
opyte zavodov, prochitannoi v LDI,'TP nn
zaniatii seri-
nara po kovke i goriachei shtampovke.
Leningrad, ic6---.
35 P. (MI11, 17: 1)
(Titanium alloys) (Forcing)

ACCESSION NR: AP4047608 S/0193/64/000/010/0040/0042
AUTHOR: Bulgakov, B. S.
13
TITLE: Automation of hydraulic forging presses
SOURCE: Byulleten' tekliniko-ekonornicheskoy informatsii, no. 10,
1964, 40-42
TOPIC TAGS: hydraulic forging press, autornation
A13STRACT: The Nevsk Machine Works (Nevskiy mashinostroitelIny*y
zavod irn.
V. 1. Lenina Leningradskogo sovriarkhoza) in collaboration with the
Moscow
Machine Instrurnent Institute (Moslcovskiy stankoinstrurnentalln-
.~y institut)
in 1962-63 completely automated the 2000T and 3000T hydraii1ic
forging pre-'L;cs
with a radioactive rne asu ring- controlling device'The Kirovsk
Works (Kirovskiy__
zavod) similarly autornated their 2000T press' the 1zhorsk Works
Uzharski-,,
-(Zavad "]~O-V-slii'vikT
zavod), their 1250T press, arid the Bolshevik lVorkri T ~~i -ei -r
1000T press, Automation of the Nevsk 2000T press c an 6-f-f6-c-tup
to 40-,100 rubles
annual saiings. The forgings produced by hydraulic and steam-
hydraulic presses
Card I / 2

1;_ 25660~65
ACCESSION NR: AP4047608
With the automated controls haveaclean smooth surface, more accurate
than
previously piroduced. The output was increased by 2010, the time
required for
forge preparation and the metal consumption were reduced, and the
available
operating time of the presses was increased. Orig. art. has- 1 figure
ASSOCIATION: None
SUBMITTED: 00
NR REF SOV: 000
ENCL: 00
OTHER: 000
Card 2/ 2.
SUB CODE: IE, iviti

I-BUILI~I~OV __~,JL.:-GROMAN, M.B.
Standardization of corrected gear wheels.
Standartizatsiia 26
- '1:7-10 JIL 162. 0,11RA 15:7)
(Gearing-Standards)

STF-i ANOV, Vsevolod Georgiyev'ch, kand.
t4-.khnnauk; BULGAKOV,
B.-S., red.
[I:quipment for the explosive fcrming of parts by
means
of the electrohydraulic effect; verba-~im report
o' a
lecture] Osnastka dlia gidrovzryvnoi :3htampovki
krupno-
g,,tbaritnykh detalei; stenogramma le'n'toii.
Leningrad'. J~'I 6~-, .
33 P. (MEHA 17:7)

BULGAKOV, E. a., inzh,
"Some special feature of building in the Far
Q North" by B. I.
terezovskii. Reviewed by E. Kh. Bulgakov. Prom.
stroi. 39
no.4-62-63 161. (14IRA 34:6)
(Russia, Nqrthern-Construction industry)
(Berezovskii, B. I.)

MIRONOV, S.A.; I
Concreting foundations in permafrost. Oan., fund. i
mekh. grun.
4 no.3:8-10 162. (MIRA 15:7)
(Frozen
(Foundations)
ground)
(Concrete
construct-ion)

BUMAKOV, E.Kh., inzh.
Characteristics of conckete work during the laying of
on permafrost soils. Izv ASiA 4 no.1:98-106 162.
(Foundations)
(Russia, Northern--Concrete
(Frozen ground)
foundations
(MIRA 15:11)
construction--Cold weather conditionsf

BULGAKOV, E.hh., inzh.
Yonolithic concrete pipes manufactured at the building
Eite. bet,
i zhel.-bet. 8 no.3:136-137 Mr '62. (141-RA 1 -:~: -1)
~ ~jj
(Pipe, Concrete)

i3ULGAKQV,_R.Kh., inzh.
Designing the concentration of chloride solutions
in winter
concreting. Bet. i zhol.-bet. 8 no.12:560-563 D
162.
(MIRA 16:2)
(Concrete construction-Cold weather oonditions)
(Chlorides)

BULGAKOV, E.Kh... iTmh.
Dependence of the strength of concrete on water
losses
during thawing and subsequent hardening. ;nidy
NIIZHB no.32:
1:16-122 163. (MIRA 17q)

15 U / 6A k, 0 V,, i-- N
EULGANOV, F. N.
Droblenie i grokhochenie uglei f3rushing and
screening coaf/. Mloskva,
Ugletekhizdaty 1953. 16.0 P.
SO: Monthly List of Russian Accessions, Vol. 7, No.
3, June 1954.

2UWAKOV, AyAg#A.GUSA1LOYA, Mariya Afrilcanowus,
STOROZHENKO.
aIP".1itt-lele evich; MARGOLIN, V.A., otvatstvarmyy
redaktor;
GARBER, T.N.. redalctor izdatellstya; ANDREYICV. G.G..
telchnichaakiy
redaktor
[Work practices of the Kalmius central coal
preparation plant] Opyt
raboty Kalimiusakoi teentralinoi ugleobogatitelinoi
fabriki. Moskva,
Uglatekhizdat, 1956. 28 p. (MIRA 9:12)
(0onets Basin--Goal preparation)

BUILAKOV, F. N. Cand Tech Soi -- (dies) "Study or .-
centrifugal screen for
t~w separation ofpoist coal charge$ of chemical coke
plants." Stalino, 1959*
17 pp with charts (Min of Higher and Secondary
Specialized Education UkSSRs
Donets Order of Labor lied Banner Industial Inst), 150
copies (KL, 52-59, 120)
-4-

L;Aammawwu
Matz- WC
~,Arbyzted zgglememte of rnagnLtic imp are. V,-A-
Tr:-. ra OrP.J. P1
11 ~;Ra us -*Sro7nik -KlUri, ;77-17rCT-r-am
No. 4. 65-1 minl.
No. 9717.-By applying a fitte spray of wat'CT tc. ;I'
haver of Fe ore during ageomeratico 11 is formed by inter
act' u of C and HA and redum a considemble part of
30
the FeA va FcO, producinS a ma-z poTo-zs aalo-mcrfue
with greater eurface arrz, The cmsamptiDn of watEr
-orn 17,3%,, of the charge for 5% of coke fines to
varies L
27--30% for 18% r-f coke finca. For S,4contg. Imn are, with
an input of &-207D of eDke fines the Consumption of C vane
fivult 2 !a 14.670, depending on the vacuum, the degree of.
reducticri of the irmi o3ide3. and the rate ul spraying. The;
formation of up to AD-80% of fumas siliclite in acti-vated
ag.4omerate emits. baked-In C is coarlpiitlble with high
Chem. activity end mechankal strength. Use of the Water
spray Increased the capacity of the siptering plant by &5-
135%. Use of the activated agglurnerate in the bLast
furnace ircreastd the capnciry by 13~7, aud decreased coke
Consumption by 1.8%. A. N. PtZo_l_