SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT REBINDER, P.A. - REBINDER, P.A.

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• Document Creation Date: January 3, 2017
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• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

'D
a~TTHOR SEGYALOVA E.E,, SOLOVYEV417E.S. and RERBINDER P,A., PA-2,920
Member of Academy.
TITLE Development of crystallization structures in tricalcium alumi-riate
suspensions. (Kristallizatsionnoye strukturoobrazovaniye r
suspenziyakh trokhkalltsieyogo aluminata.- Russian)
PERIODICAL Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR 1957, yo~ 113, Nr 1. PP 134-137
V.S.S.R.)
Received: 6/1957 ReTiewed-- 7/1957
ABSTRACT The peculiarities of the processes of structure formation in
water suspensions of Portland cement are determined generally
in the first stages after their production by aluminate
minerals, esepeclAaly by tricalciumaluminate. The study of
these processes becomes particularly interesting by the
circumstance that just in this stage the system wat;-r - cement
can be easily influenced in such a way as to regulate the
structure of the cement stone. In the case of a mixture of
1 - 5 % tricalciumaluminate and 99 - 95 % quartz sand, only
the former substance is responsible for the formation of the
structure, The great amount of inert filling substance
facilitates the study and a:)proaches the hydration conditions
of C2R to those of the cement dough. The authors characterized
CARD 1/4
x-~'asob the Of
studi-,d

PA - 2920
Development of crystallization structures in tricalcium aluminate
suspensions.
influence of the wash- admixture in suspensions of tricalcium-
aluminate. On the one handq this admixture slows down the structu-
re formation and the hydration as well as the crystallization
of the new forms, on the other it causes an adsorption peptiza-
tion and a dispersion of the initial particles Of the C3A.
By this these processes are accelerated. Furthermore,
the wash blocks off the points of possible contact and loosens
the strength of the crystal structure. The total influence of
thewash depends on the predominance on one of these two factors,
in the case of one or the other concentration. Hydration slows
down and dispersion increases with growing concentration of the
wash. No water is bound during an induction period. Not before
this period is terminated does an intensiye hydration commence.
In connection with this process plastic strength increases and
leads to the formation of hydroaluminate. In the case of large
admixtures of wash strength may increase to 8-10 times its
original value. On +his occasion the hydroaluminate crystals
CARD 3/4

PA - 2920
'Development of crystallization structures in tricalcium aluminate
suspension,
become so small that they cannot be distinguished in the
electron microscope with a magnification of 40.000. The
highest degree of adsorption of wash amounts to 4,5 g per 1
Cram of C A. In the case of a further increase of the amount
of wash tK strength of the crystal structure of the hydro-
ilit.utinate again decreases.
(With 2 illustrations, 1 table with 6 micro photographs and
1 table)
ASSOCIATION: DeDartment of Colloidal Chemistry of Moscow State University
11M.V. Lomonosow". (Kafedra. kolloidnoy khimi i Mosko-rskogo
gosudarstvenoho Universiteta im, M.V. Lomonosoya)
PRESENTED BY: -
SUBMITTED: 27-9. 1956.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress.
CARD 4/4

AUTHOR TsETLIN, B.L., YaTTOVA, L.P., SIBIP01CM, G.K.,
REBIFD~'.R,P.jt,, idember of the kc;ademy.
TITLE '~_heproperties of plasti-a masses filled with graphite and
the effect produced by high filling.
(Svoystya napolnennykh grafiton-, pla3tmass i efffekt Ty--
okogo napo2meniyn - Russian)
PERIODICAL Doklady akademii nauk SSSR. 195Ti Yol 114, Fr lo PP 146~148
(U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT The properties of various materials cp_q, as is known,, be
considerably improved by the introducticn- of aoti-va fil'~Tz
In the present case the effect produr3ed by graphite as an
acti-re filler was investigated in connection with a number
of systems. The mechanic strengt1h, heat cenductivity, al~_
heat storage were investigated. The rest,'Jts obtaIned arra
shown by two drawings. Also the ccu_rse of the ~_hor_fng
the heat-storing capacity is underat~anda*bla.. whJch
that at high temperatures the stri-agtharxing -,a mc_-rs
pronounced.
Technological researo"n. worlk. carried out on tlaa )f
this paper proved '~-he iorractnass of the re-si:.1-;,s
by the in-restigations. (wizh 2 draw *:.z-,.gs,
_Tmvr~

20-114- 3- 39/60
AUT11ORSs Segalova, Ye. Ye., Izmaylova, V. N., Rebinder, P. A., Member
of the All USSR
TITPLE: Investigation of Supersaturation Kinetics in Connection With
the Development of Crystallization Structures in 'the Solidi-
fication of Gypsum (Issledovaniye kinetiki peresyshcheniya
v svyazi s razvitiyem kristallizatsionnykh struktur pri tver-
denii Cipsa)
FERIODICALs Dolklady Akademii Nauk SSSR,1957,vol 114,1-fr 3,PP 594-597(USSR)
ABSTRACTs In the dispersion systems, two types of structures can be
form ds coRGulation striictures and crystallization structures.
1, mechanical destruction of the crystallization structure
dL.rin--- the procs-ss of its fo=ation is irreversible even if
hydration still is far from beinF completed. In this context,
the continuous hydration and the connected crystallization cf
the dihydrate do not lead to the formation of a crystallization
structure. This can only be explained by the circumstance
that in this case the favorable conditions for the formation
of the crystallization contacts between the different micro-
Card 1/4 crystals of the dihydrate gypsum are lacking. This, in turn,

20-114-3-39/60
Investigation of Supersaturation Kinetics in Connection With the Development
of Crystallization Structures in the Solidification of Gypsum
13 probably caused by the excessive amount of dihyrate accumu-
lated in the suspension. '_'hu value cf oversaturation and the
kinetics of its change can be observed conductiometrice]-l'y 1111
the suspension of the semihydrate ~:ypsii._ in all
of 'the seiqihydrate gypsum, made of over 8 6 CaSO /1 liter,
the same maximum oversaturation is observed, coiresponding
to the CaSO concentration of 8.0 g1l in the liquid phase
of suspensign. This again corresponds to the value nbich con-
ventionally is assumed as 'solubility' of the semihydrate.
The maximum oversaturation remains constant as long as the
supply velocity of the ions Ca ++ and 30 into the solution
compensates the loss velocity of the sage ions as a result
of the crystallization of the dihydrate. It can be seem from
fligure Nr 1,as contained in the paper under review, that the
higher the concentration of the suspension the sooner the re-
duction in the oversaturation be-ins and the more quickly it
is reduced. The decrease in the hicrhest solidity oil the cry-
stalli%ation structure of gypsum, as observed in the experi-
ments conducted b.Y the authors of the paper under review, can
be explained b:t the reduction in the maximum level of the
Card 2/4 oversaturation, which is attained in the presence of the di-

2-0 -114 - 3 - 3') /6 C
Investigation of Supersaturation Kinetics in Connection With the Development
of Crystallization Structures in the Solidification of Gypsum
hydrate additions. The latter reduction (of only short dura-
tion) decreases the probability of the growing together of
the microcrystals, i.e. the formation of crystallization con-
tacts. If the concentration of the dihydrate in the sWen-
sion is high, only small oversaturations take place, lasting
only a short while, Under these circumstances virtually no
crystallization contacts ard formed and thus no solidifica-
tion structure is created. It is exactly this circumstance
which, at a sufficient amount of the new formation accumu-
lated in the suspension - of the dihydrate -., prevents furth-
er hydration solidifcation after the not yet fully formed
crystallization structure has been destroyed. From this point
of view it becomes clear that in suspensions of a highly dis-
persing dihydrate gypsum, proposed '%r some authors a3 a bind-
ing material with particular properties, the crystallization
solidification is impossible under normal circumstances. The
solidity in such systems - if density is sufficiently high -
Card 3/4 as well as in the case of clays/is caused by the dehydration

V, k
AUTHORS kbrosenkoya,V.P.,Logginov,G.I.,i"IAWBNL -,P.A-'~ - 20-3.4159
Member of the Academy ------
TITLE Binding of Lime Into Calcium Hydrosilicate Under Normal Conditioas.
(Syyazyyaniye izvesti v gidrosilikat kalltsiya pri normallnykh
ualoyiyakh - Russian)
PERIODICAL Doklaky Akademii Nauk SSSR,195T,Vol 115,Nr 3,PP 509-511(u.S.S.P.)
ABSTRACT It is usually said that the formation of calcium hydrosilicate
on the occasion of the interaction between limestone with silica
in the water medium by hardening of the binding calcareous-sili-
cious building materials can only take place by hydrothermal
treatment in autoclaves at temperatures of an order of magnitude
of 1700.kt normal temperatures this process is assumed not to ta-
ke place i.e.it is not expressed in a noticeable increase of
strength of the formedprpduotion. Some building productione,ae
e.g. wall blocks,which are used more and more in low buildings,
do not need the strength obtainable in autoolaves. On the other
hand,the papers of the authors confirm the assumption that,be-
sides a hydration hardening of the calcareous-arenaceous binding
Bubstance,the binding of the calcium hydroxide gradually develop*
in the surface strata of the sand grains.The better this surface
was developed and the more it was activated in the common break-
ing process,the greater is the quantity of limestone bound into
calcium hydrosilicate.By means of the radioactive isotope Ca45
Card 1/2 (as Ca45(OH)2) it was determined that the bound quantity of cal-

20-.2-18146
AUTHORS: Veyler, S. Ya. Likhtman, V. I. , Rebinder, P. A., Academician
TIME: Adsorption Plastification of a Surface Layer Under the Influence
of Lubricants at the Pressure Workin- of Metals (Adsorbtsio-rinoye
plaotifitsirovaniye poverkhno3tnogo sloya pod vllyaniyez smagok
Pri obrabotke metallov davleniyem)
PERIODICAL: Doklady All SSSR, 1957, Vol. 116, Nr 3, PP. 415 - 413 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The authors illustrated the following: The essential part of the
effect of liquid active lubricants at pressure working of metals
is not the exterior friction but the resistance of the treated
metals against the flow in a quite thin surface layer. This re-
sistance determines the intensity of the tangential stress which
occurs in the surface layer of the deformed metals. The liquid
active lubricants reduce strongly the additional shearing deforma-
tion of the surface layer of thettreated metal. The strong reduc-
tion of the "effective" friction coefficient (of the tangential
stress) is caused by the localisation of the plastic friction in
a thin layer of the softer coverin- metal. Stronger thinner cover-
a.-es (nitration, carburization, chromium plating) impair upon the
d.rawing process by intensification of the tan,-,ential stress. The
Carr, 1/3 shearing resistance T 1 of the layer as computed by the measurements

7"t
rs dGes not depand on tll-,,~ 1 n-,-
Ok t r-. r. e%,cL 3a i In 0
L I V e M e ti s I
e f t'e c t e -1 ln3rea-;-, of
an
TI-2 surface-active
r -,s- r
cr e t h,2 deform tior. de, ee.
t e for aluminum b,-,.n,is d:---.-vr. out in
t-"he.~e clata sliow clearl,- +.i.lt. ~Ihe -.f f
d Dti b ri c a n t s. u pon th, 1. pJ ir, a.,
ve ~'iin -,!u--face layer of the tre----t,7d met-il if, rp,hzc--,!.
e no:3s of thu -3tit c.
zlr, :L I- I -,I C. r. -', _rO 5;
in,~I~z:?nce rj' t'nin r.,overa~-
-~l t aare A j r-. -
r ~2 V- c h L; rl rawn
en--mnle r,f a
cn n i--
the f-,Isorption T i Is t ~n n C-.
-e axl~ent
tj
r 'v emuera'-ure~3 2n,~r :-.2 i
n r n c t~ F,

20-3-18/46
Adsorption Plastification of a Surface Layer Under the Influence o:6 LubricantE
at the Pressure Working of Metals
ASSOCIATION: Institute for Physical Chemistry of the AN USSR
(Institut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk SSSR)
SUBMITTEDs June 29, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
x
Card 31,

AUTHORS: Rozhanskiy, V. N., Pertsov, N.V., 20-5-14/48
Shchukin, Ye. D., Rebinder, P. A, Academician
TITLE: --Effect of Thin Mercury Coatings on the Strength of
Metallic Monocrystals (Vliyaniye tonkikh rtutnykh pokryti.T
na prochnost' metallicheskikh monokri3tallov).
PERIODICAL: Doklady AN SSSR, 1957, Vol. 116, Nr 5, PP. 769-771 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: At first the authors shortly report on respective literature.
In the present works the monocrystals. of zinc, tin, cadmium
and lead (degree of purity 99.99 %6, diameter 0.5 mm,
length about 10 mm) were investigated. As surface-active
substance served mercury'which was applied in form of a
thin coating by means of immerging the sample into an
Hg2(NO3)2-solution. The mercury covered the monocrystal
with an equal film of about 0.1 g thickness and was rapidly
saturated with the metal to be investigated. The investi-
gation of the strength properties of the amalgamated mono-
crystals in their expansion with constant velocity showed
that the strength of the zinc- and tin- monocrystals
Card 1/3 covered with mercury was a few times less than the strength

Effect of Thin Mercury Coatings on the Strength of 20-5--14/1,8
Metallic Monocrystals.
of the non-amalgamated monocrystals. Such an abrupt decrease
of strength is obviously connected with the important
decrease of surface tension at the metal/Mercury boundary
as well as with the decrease of the production operation
of a new surface at the crack. The investigation of axial
ground sections of amalgamated zinc-monocrystals according
to their deformation showed the following-- The cracks can
develop on the surface as well as in the interior of the
monocrystal, which can be seen in observing the axial ground
sections. The development, of the cracks in the inner parts
can be connected with a noticeable diffusion of mercury
into zinc (atroom temperature) with subsequent decrease of
the surface tension on the developing inner separation
surfaces. The rise of temperature up to 1600 C annihilates
the above-mentioned phenomena of catastrophic brittleness
with the zinc-monocrystals investigated and reconstitutes
completely the plasticity and the strength. Also the
decrease of the deformation velocity causes phenomena
which are similar to those developing with the rise of
Card 2/3 temperature. The strength of the body decreases with the

Effect of Thin Mercury Coatings on the Strength 20-5-14A8
of Metallic Monocrystals.
decrease of the surface tension on the just produced crack
surface, but it increases with the creation of conditions
which prevent the accumulation of great dislocation.
avalanches near the possible potential barriers. There are
4 figures, and 11 references, 6 of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATION: Chair for Colloidal Chemistry of the Moscow State University
imeni M. V. Lomonosov (Kafedra. kolloidnoy khimii Moskovskogo
gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. M. V. Lomonosova).
SUBMITTED: July 10, 1957.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 3/3

AUTHORS: Segalova, Is. Ye.x Solov'yeva, Ye. S., 20-117-5-32/54
Rebinder- P_ A., Member of the Acadeny.
TITLE: A Determinatiom of the Supersaturatiom Value of Tricalcium Aluminate
Suspeitsiorm in Water Medium, and the Kinetics of its Variation (Onre-
deleniy* velichiny peresyshchaniya . v vodnoy, srede suspens4- trekhkall-
tsiyevogo alyuminata i kinstiki yoya izmeneniya).
PERIODICW. Doklady-AN SSSR, 1957Y Vol. 117, Nr 5, PP. 8"44 (usn)-
ABSTFXT: No systematical investigations exist up to now of the value of supern
saturation and of the kinetics of its variation. The purpose of the
present paper is such an investigation of suspensions of tricalcium,
aluminate, The measurement of the kinetics of supersaturation in these
suspensions was conducted by means of a conductometric method in 4,
rLttrogsn atmosphere at an optimum velocity of mixing. A diagram illu"
*trat*3 the modification of the specific electric conductivity at 2oOC
in tricalcium. aluminate suspensions with differing concentrations. In
all suspensions with a sufficient concentration a constant level of the
electric conductivity is arrived at, corresponding to the maximum
supersaturation. This constant level is reached comparatively slowly,
that is to say, the faster, the higher the concentration of the sus-
Card 113 pension. At low concentrations it is easily possible to divide the

20-117-5-32/914
A Determination of the Supersaturation Value of Tricalcium Alilminate
Suspensions in Water Medium, and the Kinetics of its Variation.
curve of the kinetics of the electric conductivity into two parts.
Initially, the electric conductivity increases quickly, until. it ream
ches a sharp salient point, and afterwards it increases much more
slowly. Then the mechanism is described, an which these kinetics are
based, that is to say, that protective films are formed on the sur-
face of the particles of the tricalcium aluminate consisting of nemly
formed substances. This may be verified by the following means; 1)
By the introduction of small crystals of previously produced, fini-
shed hydroaluminate. 2) By the introduction of small admixtures of
surface active substances. A diagram illustrates the kinetics of the
electric conductivity in suspensions of tricalcium. alumJnate in the
presence of,admixtures of finished hydroaluminate of vaxying quantim
ties and of small admixtures of sulfite-alcoholL grains- The admixture
of hydroaluminate has a markedly accelerating effect on the increase
of the concentration in the solution. The small admixtures of sulfite-'
alcohol grains (which are completely absorbed by the initially exi-
stent particles of tricalcium. aluminate) do not modify the maximum
level of the electric conductivity, but have an essential influence
on th~"kinetics of the process.
Card 2/3 There are 3 figures, and 7 Slavic references.

A Determination of the Supersaturation Value of Tricalcium 20-117-5-z2/54
Aluminate Suspensions in Water Medium, and the Kinetics of its Variation.
ASSOCIATION. State University imeni M. V. Lomonosov, Moscow (Moskovskiy, gosudars
vennyy universitet imeni M. V. Lomonosova).
SUBMITTED. JulY 1-9s 1957.
Card 313

20-6-32/47
AU"'HORS; Luiclyanova, I., Segalova, Ye. Ye., Rebinder, P, &.,
AcademIcian
TITLE; On the Nature of the Induction Period in the Hydration of PortlAnd
Cement With Additions of a Hydrophilic Plastifier (0 prircde ina
dukts;ionnogo perioda gidratataii portl-andts.ementa s dobavkami
gidrofillnogo plastifikatora).
PERIODICAL: Doklady AN SSSR, 1957, Vol. 117, Nr 6, pp. 1034PZ-03(a (USSR)s
ABSTRACT: The interaction between Portland cement with water takes place
without a perceatible induction period. The hydrophilic plastim
fiers (ligno-sulphonates of the "sulphite, distillerts washil, in the
following called SSS) bring about an induction period. This faet is
beside other favorable influences of these additions used for the
consolidation of the disperse structure of the cement stones In
spite of several works dealing with the part played by the SSS
(references 1-5) the.causes of the induction period remain unknown*
It is the object of the present paper to determine the part plVed
by the adsorption of the surface-active substan--e from the water
medium of the suspension on the developing small crystals and
points of formation of the new phase, the new hydrate formations.
Card 113 The authors found that- the initial adsorption of the lignosulphow

20-6-32/47
On the Nature of the Induction Puriod in the Hydration of Portland
Cement With Additions of a Hydrophilic Plastifier.
nates in the cement suspension.may be considerably reduced and its
content in the water medium correspondingly increased. This can be
done by the introduction of small quantities of salt whicli form
insoluble compounds at the surface of the cement particles and can
therefore be better absorbed by cement than Lignosulphonatese Caro
bonates of alkali metals expecially act in this manners AIDW
w�thout SSS, they are not capable of bringing about the induction
period, The calorimetrical investigation of the cement hydration
leads to the determination of the kinetics of the separation of
heat, (figure 3.). The addition of Ox5 O/o SSS leads to a shcrter
induction period, after which the hydration takes place more interp
sively than without such additions. The induction period is rapidly
prolongued by increasing K2CO3-additions. The separation of heat
during this period increases almost proportional-with the duration,
and the total separation of heat during the induction. period ins
creases with increasing content of SSS in the liquid medium. The
a-wme rules are also noticed for the separation of heat with increase
sing total content of SSS in the cement suspension- in the cast of
an equal effective carbonate content (figure 2). By effective quans
Card 2/3 tity is to be understood that which remains after deduction of the

20-6-32/47
on the Nature of the Induction Period in the Hydration of Portland
Cement With Additions of a Hydrophilic Plastifier.
quantity consumed in the exchange reaction with the Ca-lignosulphow
nates. The phenomena described raise the assumption that the begin-
ning of the induction period is caused by the presence of a hydro-
philic surface-active substance in the liquid medium of the suspens
sion. Thus the chief factors determining the duration of the induc-
tiomperiod of the cement hydration in the presence of SSS are:
a) the initial concentration of the plastifter in the water medium
of the cement suspension which is dependent on its total content.
and on the quantity of adsorption at the primary cement particles,
b) the velocity of the binding of the plastifier by developing
crystallization points of the hydroaluminate. It has to be pointed
out that the stabilizing actiom of the layers of adaorption, of the
Idgnososulphonates of the SSS also plays an obvious part in the
pL-:Lst:Lfyi-ng total effect. Thereby the formation of the coagulationa
structures is prevented. These layers may also slow down the dissom
lution of primary cement particles in the water.
There are 2 figures, and 7 references, 6 of which are Slavic.
SUBMITTED.- July 19, 1957.
VAILABLE: Library of Congress.
Card 3/3

REBINDER, P. A. (Moscow)
"Structure Formations in Dispersed Systems; Structure Types and Their Rheological
Properties."
report submitted Third Intl. Congress of Rheology, Bad Oeyngausen, M, 23-30 Sep 58.

REBINDER, P. A.) MIKHAYLaV, N. V. and IVANOVA-CHUMAKOVA, L. V.
---. -
"Rheological Ebramination Methods of the Formation and Development of Volume
Structures in Colloidal and Polymer Solutions and the Results of the Application
of these Methods."
report submitted Third Intl. Congress of Rheology, Bad Oeyagausen, GFR, 23-30 Sep 58.

SLERB-SERBINA, N. N. and REBINDER, P. A.
'. Physical and Chemical Basis for Regulating Structures and Mechanical Properties
of Clays and Clay Rocks,"
paper distributed at the International Clay Mineralogy Congress in Brussels, Belgium,
1 - 5 Jul 58.
Comment: B-3,116,8591-

11
A, f~'r~ ') iIF-:-r17.
NaKRAYLOV, N. V. an REBINDER, P. A. (Moscow)
"The Rheological Properties of Bitumen and Influence of Temperature, Filler,
Additions, Solvents (Plasticizer) and Surface-Active Substances an the Same."
report submitted Third Intl. Congress of Rheology, Bad Oeyngausen, M, 23-30 Sept 58.

RABIWAII, Petr Aleksandrovich, akademik; PAYNBOYM, I.B., red.; GUBIN, H.I.,
~ .~.o I:hn . r.ed. ' -" ' -
(Physicochemical mechanics; a new branch of science] Fiziko-
khimicheskaia mekhanika; novaia oblast' nauki. Mosk-va , Izd-vo
"Znanie.' 1958. 63 p. (Vaesoiuznoe obahchestvo po rasprostraneniiu
politicheskikh i natichnykh znanii. Ser.4, nos.39/40) (MIRA 11:3)
(Hecb,snics)

5( it', PfMSE 1 BOCK KUTDIDITATION SOV/2610
Akademiya nauk Uk--kv-.,.r;-z lk-crp-- F.SR. In-Etytut mashynoznavstva ta
avtmatylk,y
Dey9ki 17tannya mek-1ccia-Aky metaliv
(Ftyr-.1cal, Chemical, bzd Mec~-a=,Ical Properties. of Me4-als)
Kyyiv, 1958. 142 p. i-opies printed.
Resp. Ed.: H.V. Karpeako, D-D~?tor of Technical.Sciences; Ed. of
Publisli-Ing Fous~-: V.-'-. Tech. Ed.: V.I. Yurchyshyn.
PUFF1,1SE -The collc-rtioa -'.6 ----tended for metallurgical engineers desiring infor-
mation on fatigue ezid corr,~iion.
COVERAGE: Tae colll-cticfc -.f 15 A-rt;icles in Tkxainian cmpiled by 9 authors en-
gaged in and -~51aa research,, is devoted to the subject of engineer,.
ing practices iii testing the properties of metals, mainly steel, with
a Darticular on, of corrosion fatigue and the effect of
various liqtxid meuz_'a upon fatl~it--. Methods of investigation are deEcrihed
Card 1/5

Phyt4ica.l, Chem' cal, a-rid SOV/26lo
and the resultt-, --~olieir'-'Lon is dedicated to the sixti eth
anni-versax-j of the Ac.aJL-vidLt!--!.az- Petro Oleksandrovych A.1eksandr?7ich)
Rebinder, an emlnent The tests vere conducted at the Instytut
bUCU've2lacryi me1t.'aniky -Mechanics Institute), Kiyev,, Instytut
mash7noznawt-va ta ar, 1ding and Autmation I tjtui*e)
-- L ns
Llvoirl 'br-,th ur-dji---r t.!:.e Tirk-rainian Academy of ScienCe6 and
at the _Cal T-nZt-TtUte), Khar1kov.
Referr-nees fc-11cri,
1ABLE. ~::F C~'JR-11TITT-6:
Rebinder P. M4F.;--.!1'aLAns
3
7
KarperLko, H.V. Effect -3j' on Strength
of Metals 17
Afendyk, L.H. Peformat-lou A-n1sc+.r-:Ty- of Mechanical Properties
of Steel in Certa-in Nonurl-L",~---m Pr----esses of Plastic Deformation 23
--ard 2/5

Phys, Leal, Chemleal., and Mechanical (cont.) SOV/2610
Karpeako., H.V. New Concepts on the Mechanism of Corrosion Fatigue 47
Yanchyshyn, F.P. Effect of Agressive Liquid Media on the Fatigue
Strength of Steel Subjected to Stress Concentrati&s 53
Yatsy-uk, A.I. Absence of Direct Relationship Between the Fatigue
Strength and Corrosion Resistance of Steel 75?
Karpenko,, H.V. av4 F.P. Yanchyshyn. Effect of the Tapping
Temperatuzz* of 44M_Steel Upon its Corrosion Resistance and its
Corrosion-Fatigue Stre~gth 83
Stepurer-ko. V.T. Corrosion Resistance of 114511 Steel &9
Stepu---enkc, V.T. Corrosion-Fatigue Strength ~f 1145" Steel in Hydro-
sulphuric Sclutions [Acid 97
Card 3/5

Chemical and Mechanical (d-ont. SOV12610
Yanchy-ihyn:, F.P. Nature of Fatigue Failure of Induction-hardend specimens
of ",45" StF4el with Stress Raisers lo6
Chayevsll,~, M.Y. Brittleness of Low-carbon Steel Caused by the
Action of Hydpogen 112
Chayc-vslk,v,v, M.Y. Effect of Molteh'Tin lLpon the Fatigue Strength
of Steel 116
Tynn-y-y, A.N. Effect of Suljphiding by the MAZ (Minsk Motor-
vehicle Plant) Method on the Weax-resista~ce of Iron and Steel 123
Chayev-.45 1qruiVdA Machine for Fatigue Testinf in Certain Id;quid
Media 134
card 4/5

Physical, Chemical, and Mechanical -: (Cont.) SOV/2610
chyshyn Methods of
Yatsyuk, A.I., V.T. Stepurenko, and F.P.Jan
Investigating the Fatigue Strbngth oil Metals in Aggressive Liquid
Media with the NU Testing Machine 140
AVAILABLE: Librax7 of Congress (TA-465.A42)
TM/gnp
Card 5/5 12-22-59

A-
AUfHORS; Titov, A.I.; Vlodavets, I.N.; Rebinder, P.A. 69-20-1-13120
TITLE- The Processes of Structure Formation in Milk Pat andTheir
Significance in the Manufacture of Butter (Protsessy
strukturoobrazovaniya v molochnom zhire i ikh znacheniye
dlya proizvodstva slivochnogo masla)
PERIODICAL: Kolloidnyy Zhurnal, 1958, Vol XX, # 1, pp 92-101 (USSR)
ABSTRACT4 A study has been made of the strength characteristics of
milk fat and butter. It was found that in order to satisfy
the consistency of butter)the fat must form a mixed crystal-
lization-coagulation type of structure with the coagulation
structure predominating. The specificities of structure for-
mation in the production of butter by churningjand by the con-
tinuous chilling of high fat content creamphave been examined.
Two major ways have been indicated for improving the butter
consistency: controlling the crystallization temperature of
the milk fat, which allows changes to be made in the total
solid phase content of the system, and regulating the me-
chanical treatment in the hardening process, which allows
changes to be made in the character of the structure formed
Uard 112 so as to bring it closer to the crystallization or to the

69-20-1-13120
The Processes of Structure Formation in Milk Fat and Their Sifnificance in
the Manufacture of Butter
coagulation type.
There are b figuresl and 15 references, 11 of which are
Soviet, 3 English and 1 Dutch.
ASSOCIATION: VEesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatellskiy institut molochnoy
promyshlennosti, Moskva (All-Union Scientific Research Insti-
stute of the Milk Industry, Moscow)
SUBMITTED; July 19, 1957
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 212

AUTHOR. Re b i nd_e ~A_ -- sov-69-20-5-21/23
TITLE: Current Problems of Colloidal, Chemistry (Sovremennyye proble-
my kolloidnoy khimi--*)
PERIODICAL: Kolloidnyy zhurnal, 1958, Vol XX, Nr 5, PP 527-538 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: All two-phase disperse systems can be divided in two groups
according to the value of the specific interfacial free en-
ergy a- which may be higher or lower than the border value
a-t- The aggregate instability of lyophobic systems increa-
ses with the decrease in particle size and with an increase
in their number per unit volume, i.e, with the increase of
Brown~s movement and the probability of effective collisions.
In lyophobic emulsions, further dispersion is impeded by the
increase of the reverse processes of coalescence. The dif-
ferences between lyophobic and lyophilic systems are especi-
ally pronounced for systems with liquid interfaces, i.e.
emulsions or semicolloids. These may be formed continuous-
ly from the lyophobic systems, type "oil in water", by in-
-active compcnen-1, like soap in suffi -
troducing a surface j i
cient quantitie3, Solutions of surface-ac-cive substances
with a hydrophilic polar group and with a sufficiently long
Card 1/3 hydrocarbon chain are lyophillc colloids, The volume con-

Current Problems of Colloidal Chemistry SOV-60-20-5-2/2A
.L .1 1
tent of the solid disperse Dhase is considerably increased
by stabilization, The high elasticity, i.e. the strongly
developed elastic after-action is a property of the coagu-
lation structure. The transitional colloidal systems easi-
ly form thixotropic coagulat-ion structures, i.e. gils, al-
ready at small concentrations of the disperse phase- The
mechanical properties of coagulation structures may be con-
trolled by increasing the degree of filling of the system
introducing stabilizers and coagulating agents, The part-
icles of the filler form a suspension which favors the de-
velopment of a three-dimensional structure, The electric
conductivity is influenced by the active filler, e.g. car-
bon black in rubber, and increases with the increase of the
potentials, The processes of destruction of solid bodies
and the foregbing deformation processes are very sensitive
to physical-chemical facto--s /~ef_ 307, The destruction pro-
cess, i-e. the appearance of new surfaces with correspond-
-ng surface enrgy, takes place at the expense of the elast-
I -
ic energy accumulated during the preceding deformation, Un-
der the same mechanical conditions of destruction, the new-
ly formed surface is larger in a surface-active medium than
Card 2/3 in an inactive one. The investigation of the dispersion pro-

Current Problems of Colloidal Chemi-stry Sol" - 6 9/ - 220 - 5 - 2/2 3
cessoa, permits tho continuous Lransition from the mechani-
cal destruction to spontaneous dispersion. There are 34 re-
ferences, 33 of which are Soviet and 1 German.
ASSOCIATION: Institut fizicheskoy kh-imi-4 AN SSSRIOtdel dispersnykh sistem.
(Institute of Physical Chemistry of the USSR Academy of Sci-
ences, Department of Dispersed Systems),. Moskovskiy univer.-
sitet,Kafedra kolloidnoy khimi-4 (Moscow University Chair of
~.Iolloidal Chemistry)
SUBMITTED: June 16, 1958
1. Chemistry--USSR 2. Colloids--.4-nalysis 3. Col-loids--P-roperties
Card 3/3

SOV-69-20-5-13/ /2`5
AN11"HORS: Segajova, Yr. . Ye. , Sarkisyan, R R , Yebinder P A.
TITLE: The Effect of Hydrophilic Plasticizer Additions on the Ki-
netics of Structure Formation in Cement Hardening (Vliyaniye
dobavok gidrofilinogo plastifikatora na kinetiku strukturo-
obrazovaniya pri tverdenii tsementa)
PERIODICAL: Kolloidnyy zhurnal, 10,58, Vol XX; Nr 5, pp 611-619 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The influence of hydrophilic organic surface-active substan-
ces of the sulfite-alcohol slops type on the properties of
cement, concrete, etc. is investigated. A Portland cement
suspension passes three phases during mixing: 1) The appear-
ance of a coagulation structure of the cement particles,
2) The appearance of a complex loose crystallization struc-
ture of hydro-aluminate, 3) The appearance o--F' a coagulation
structure of the initial cement particles and the newly
formed micro-crystals, Figure 1 shows the increase in the
plastic stability at various intervals of mixing in the pre-
sence of sulfite-alcohol sloDs SSB, The stability decrea-
ses due to a prolongation of the induction period of struc-
ture formation, then it increases rapidly due to 'he form-
ation of a hWdro-aluminatecrystallization structure. Figure
2 shows that the plastic stability increases with the quan-
Card 1/3 tity of SSB added, The greatest plasticizing effect is

SOV-69-20.-5-13/23
The Effect of Hydrophilic- Plasticizer Additions on the Kinetics of Struc-
ture Formation in Cement Hardening
obtained in phase 1 during mixing (Figure 3). Figure 4
shows the water-cement ratios necessary for the producticn
of an equally plastic cement, in the presence of SSB. The
greatest Dlasti-cizing effect, i.e. the greatest decrease of
the water-cement ratio is observed in phase 1 of the mixing,
This minimal water-cement ratio does not depend on the mine-
ralogical composition of the cement, The duration of phase
1 with various additions of SSB is given in Table 2 for the
two cement types AERM and KI'S. Various specimens of cement
with different additions of SSB were tested for res-~stance
after 3, 28, and 90 days, The results are given in Figures
5 and 6. The resistance curves for cement with preliminary
hydration (Figure 6) show a drop which begins at an earlier
stage than in the curves of phase I (Figure 5). The final
resistance of cement prepared by SSB i; always lower than
without SSB, if the %mater-cement ratio is constant (F--gure
7), if the initial plasticity is the sa:;-Ie (FiFure 8); the
Card 2/3 resistance of the cement is increased in the presence o!

SOV-69-20-5-15/23
The Effect of Hydrophilic Plasticizer Additions on -,he K~ret-'C= cF S~-r-ac-
ture Formation in Cement Hardening
SSB_ There are 3 tables, 1-0 graphs, and 4 Soviet referen-
ces,
ASSOCIATION! Yoskovsk-iy universitet,Ehimicheskiv faklul~teT,Kafpdra kol-
loidnoy khimii (moscow University; Dert. of Chemistry, Chair
of Colloidal Chemis-Gry)
SUB11ITT"ED: April 18, 1958
1. Coment--Hardening 2, Cement--Cherrnical reactions
Alcohols--Chemical reactions 4. Sulfides--Chemcial reactions
Card 3/3

'AUT:T0'PS- F..A, SOV-6q-20-5-18
Shchukin, Ye.D., Rebinder
/23
,
.
TITLE: The For-ation of TTe_,N__5-urf`Yc-esDur.n;z t~e Deformation and
Rupture of a Solid in a Surface Active Medium (Obrazovaniye
novykh poverkhnostey pri deformirovanii i razrushenii tver-
dogo tela v poverkhnostno-akt-ivnoy srede)
KoIloitIny.,1 zhurnsil, 19~8, Vol "'A, 111", 9, pp W-61)4 Oj'isi,)
P.;7,"jT Pl~ 'I.,!e ;,Ist-,r:,tion ,)f surface-ac"vc- by -a body
wh_'ch is being de-_F'ormea, may lnfluencc- -s de~crma-_on and
resistance properTies. This is -,rue for tfle deform-atfor.
of monocr-~stals of tin, zinc, and other metals- in solutions
of non-polar vasel-ine oil, Tn comparison to the free sur-
~ace energy of these monocrystals (500-1,000 qrg/cm the
reduction amounts to only some tens of erg/cm-. This effect
is ex:)lained by the movement of dislocations and their In-
teraction with the surf-ace ener6ry, T';-e dislocation .s a
thermodynamically unstable ciefect. It, is attracted to t*ne
surface and the attraction force is reverse'%- proportiona-*
to the distance from the surface. Brit~leness and a decrease
in resistance ma-; be observed in monocrystals of metals in
the presence of a covering of a low-melting metal, like tin
or mercury. The decrease of the free sur-face ene_rlgy on -he
Card 1/1 Borden between the metal and its saturated solutz~on is con-

The Formation of New Surfaces During the Deformation and Ruptule of Solid
7. 1.
in a Surface Active Liedium
ASSOCIATION-,
S'LJ'M'=1TED:
2
siderable. i' amounts to hundreds of' erg,/cm ~he a-
-tual
rupture stresses on the cleavage Dia
U ~ nes are lower than the
calculated values. This is due to micro-cracks in the cry-
stal, The change in deforma-tion and rea-istance rrcperties
under the influence of adsorption is also observed in glass,
It has been established that the presence of water vaDor re-
duces the rupture stress of glass fibers, Under th~ influ-
ence of adsorDtion, the free surface en-rgy of a sclid body
may be reduced to some tenths of erg, /cm. -, !n such a case,
a spontaneous dispersion of the body intc. partilcles of cc!10-
idal size wilth 10 0 cm in diameter takes z)lace, U-ere are
2 sets of graphs and 28 references, 1q of which are Soviet,
7 English, and 2 German,
Institut fiziche3koy khimif AN SSSR Ot-del dis-pe_~sr:-kh sistem
l';'.oskva (Institute nr Physical Chemistr_,,, of the M;R Academy
of Sciences DeDartment of _Diszersed S-1-stems'lloscow)
june 16, 19~8 - - s.
!. Single crystals--Defc-_-mation 2. Metal crystals--Properties
Card 212

SOV-69-20-::-19/23
A U T.", 0 R S Bartenev, G..,',, Yudina, !,V., Reb--nder- P.A-C
TITLE: A Contribution so the Theory of the Sponzaneou_= -Dispersion.
of Solid Bodies (Y teor-ii samoproizvo--,'.,icgc die-perairo-,raniya
tverdykh tel)
PERIODICAL! ~olloidnyy zhurnal, 11c,11-9, Vol. XX, Nr 5, pp 655-664 (USSR)
I
ABSTRACT: The cause for the resi,3tance decrease of a solid in a sur-
face-active me C14UM 4S the redu--,'lon of zurface energy on
the border solid-medium. Media which are simllar i- their
molecular nature decrease the aurface ter3ion of 'he solid
and rupture takes place, For metals, suzcn medla are low-
melting metals and alloy3,, Spontaneous dispersion tak6s
place along wakened borders, whereas dest-ru3tion from out-
side moves along the plane of greatest stress. The growth
of cracks proceeds with increasing spead unde_- outside stress.
In spontaneous dispersion, she speed is more unifcrrm, a!-
though low, In Figure _22 the left Zinir:-=_ _--f potential ener-
.gy corresponds to the stable cond-itisn of "'-e pars-1cles in
the body, the right minim-um to t"ne stable condition on the
new free surface. in every crystal, there are surface de-
fects and micro-cracks which appear dur-inG the growth of
Card 112 the crystal. During spontaneous dispersion the active me-

7

J, Ili;
M( P;
Taubman, A.,B,, S ~'V - 6' Q 15 - z 2 3
TI TLE The Fourth All-Uni-on Conference on Colloidal MLml_,~rry (Chet-
vil
ertalya vsesoyuzna,,,a konferents".ya po kollo-idnoy lciiimii)

PEPITODICAL.- 'i
Kolloidny- zhurnal, 1958, Vol XX, Nr 5, pp 677-6?a (75SR~

AES7RACT: Tie Fourt', All-Urion Conference on Colloidal Chemistry -took
z)iace ir. Tbilisi from 7-ay 12-105, 1958_, ;.*ere than 1-50 paDers
_TT_ -_

)resen-ed - ~.~V. , - -
were ,,manskiy read a paper on th~ history
of colloilal-chemical investi~-ati 7.h
in tne USSR - e con-
ference '-ieard the 1'c-J_lo-.-:ing reT.orts: V A. KarBin, Tsvet-
kov, S.~... Lipatov, on nolymers, their solutions and semi-
colloids: 4.T. Yurslenko, Khomilkovskiy, on the mecl-a-
nism of polymerizationj B,.A.. Do--adkin, on tile pro-
dL;ction and the prc!-,erties of the ink-,erpolymer of natural
and butad-Jerestyrene rubber; Zubov
-or the mechanism
,
of the formation of pollymer filmis in gluing proce_sseS; S.S.
Voyutskiy and 1),7.'. S-andom`rskiy, on col-icid prcpertieS o-f
latex systems; A.S, K'uz'mirskiy and A_!', Pisarenko, on ~-he
properties ci~ rubbed and resin solutions; V,,A. F'c-~'_'n, on
the struc"-,-irii-,-.c-cl,.ani-ca1 propertles of gplati~.e gels; -~_A.
Demchenko. cn sclubll]._-ation 4n soa~~ sc-11----ons; ;-7, Du-
Car-i 1,14 manski-Y- c- me t,-.o,,i3 iY-:-2s-igari.--g 'u-he s rruc 'u_-es ~af

Tii;4 Foiirth Al I -*.Jr,-i or, I I ci' o? I (:k) 1 loit I a, C1142ir 1~-'i:_-Y -'3 0" - t
s oa D s and re s A . 1)eb r d e r an s u-f
formation in sclidification Prccesses o~ birding "~-r-a7S;
A,A.. Trapeznikov, S.S, Voyut-akiy, B,Ya. S-%--Y; :C.v.
Vinogradov, on nroblems of rheology and struc"-urtn formatIon
In oleophilic systems; L..A, Kozarovitskiy on the mechan-ism
of the printing process -and the influence of the rheological
Dronert--es of prJntinE dyes; 7.T:. Vlcdavets, P.A.. Reb4nder
on the process of structurt, formaticn in food STIUPFS; VT,
Likhtman, G.I., 3a_~tprev, Ye-.:1), Shc-ukin, P - ~-_ = ~~4 E? r ; on
deformation processes, the rheologicall .ondu~-, an-i _e de-
struction of solids and metals; P,.--'. T'isser (GEPIRI), an the
surface disper S4 on or- ---o!4d bod'es: Lin4c '~GDR), on the in-
I'luence oF surface on tl-.e kineti zs cf heterogeneous
I,* Y e ,iqh 'ash
Drocessos of diftision excnange; -n-- v4 1
Volaro-,rich, I's N. Serb-Serb.na, Den-_.sov, Z-Ya. Beres~_
neva, A,S.. Korzilij t2v, S.-P, ;?:_Jch_Jpo_-enko, C.T. Kukole.-..ra., F , -D.
Ovcharerko, 1,T, - An-,4pov-Karataye,~ , on ztr~icture to=atlon
in the colloidal clcemistry of cla~7s and 3.7v, DeryaEin
on the interact.on of twisted netal threads in scluticns of
electrolytes; A.D. Shel:dko, Y_B. Radvinsk-4y, on the resist-
ance of free films and foar:s; Sc'L !.'erpin, on the hydror-ne-
charics and thermodYnamics of tilin filins and their _4rfluence
Card 2/14, on soil properties; S-Yu. 71'e-lovich, On catalytic processes

The Fourth All-Union Conference on Colloidal ",eln4stry
in foams; Yu. M. Glazman, on the first mathematical theory
of ion antagonism; 0.1". Grigorov, D.A. Fridrikhsberg, S,G,
Teletov, on the elec-crokinetic properties of colloids in
zonnection with their coagulation by electrolytes; Ye,!,!_.
11apobashvili on radiation ~~olloidai chemistry; BA Dogad-
kin, on 'the chemical sorption of sulfur and rubber on car-
bon black; S,G, L!okrushin, on the formation of thin colloi-
dal films, N.A. Krotova, on the influence of an electrical
field or. the dispersion of a liquid; E.1,11, Natanson, V.,G.
Levich, L,Ya. Vremnev, A,B_ Taubman, on the resistance of
emulsions and suspensions in connec--ion with the stabili-
zing action of struct-ure-mechanical properzies of protec-
tive surface layers; P.S. Prokhorov, B,V. Deryagin, G.I.
lzmaylova, S,S,, Dukh-4n, on the adsorption of vapors by con-
densation nuclei and the2.r influence on the format-ion of
water aerosols; P.I. Kaishev, 0.1%'. Todes, on the kinetics
of formatien anddestruc'ion of aerosols; .4-B. Taubman, on
Card 3/4 the kinetic wetlng in the Process of co-1-12-eo-C.Ing ausr by use

SOV-069-20-5-23/23
I -, -
The Fourth All-Union Conference on Ool_,cida- Chemstry
of solutions of surface-active substances; A.,N, Frumkin,
Dubirin, B,P, BerinG. V.V. Serpinskiy; V.!,*. Luk'ya-
novi~,h, L.V. Radushkevich, G,V. T3iTsishvil-_.; N,F. Yermo-
'enko, on the adSorpl4on from -vapors and 1'quids
1. Chemistry--USSR prope--t-iLes
Card 4/4
.~rj

A4) '
AUTHOP,6: Segalova, Ye. Ye., KorL)rovich, S. I., SO11/20-12 7/-,7- 36154
1 hobinder, P. A., Academician
TPPLI~: lli'eatures of the Kinetics of Supersaturation
in Aqueou-s Suspensicras of Calcitmi Oxide (Osobennosti kinetiki
perz,syshche-1--ya, v vodr4kh sucprjr.,ziyakh okisi kalltsiya)
PERIODICAL: Dokiady AkadeMj4 n-,uk SSSR, Vol *12-'., Nr 3, Piv 5109-512
(USSR)
ADSTEACT: The authors inves~i~~-ate the abovc-mentioned kinetics in order to
find the characteristic fe--~.-ures of its h.~dration hardening and
the nature of the supersa-turations In these suspensions. The
abovp L --
--mentioned ware. de',3=-ined cc nduc tome tri Cally in a
spe-;ia7- vesse]. with bl--Aenc-d electrodes, a stirrer,
and a thermometor. The exie-~Im~2n-s vre carried out in a nitrogen
atmosphere at a temperature cf 21.6 � 0.050. A diagram shows the
variation of the electric conductivity (concentration) of an
aqueous suspension or CaO as a function of the rate of intermix -
ing of the suspension. AccordinE to this diagram, the rate of
intermixing-, has an influence not only or- the rate of obtaining
Card 1/3 the --ax.-mim value of the electric conduc IlD, 4-+I-y, but aisc on. iss

-"he f f-,Ije X4 -,~ ' U
SCV120-1,
porsaturatiC~n In Aqu-e~;us S,_;sparsi--Dns -C Caiz:`am. Oxide
Su
allsoluto va",aa. Even at- an anguiar v-~Iocity ,;f !600 rev~lutf::FIR /M
:-,' the mixerl r,--., stea!y supe--saturatio-n was obeerved. Ther-at-d-ral
way of detectln.,, the s',-alblo leve! of supersaturation is by
Intr-.ducti(-,rL of sur%kia-active substari.(-.Os into 'the aqueo-.:.s
suspens-ions 6f CaC1. Ylnese admixtures preactuically dr, r_.~t change
the solati.-Lity anid ::a--q stabilize the gen-erated nm,~~Iei and prevent
thpir 3rovith. In this way, the supersaturation in the li(luld
phase of the suspensicn is decreased. The authora Jintroba,,.-~d
adr,4~-tj:LreS of sulfite-alichol vinasse fbarda) ari By the
addit-1--n- of surfe.,,~-acTlve a3m~4-',_-rcs -*,.L'.:) a.-uaous sus-ensions
*'I C-=.O, their elsztric; ~.-.cndiwt_J*~7.Ltk,- sharply Jrc_-eases. A sta'Ke
of supers-, tura tion, is obtained by introd-_,cticn- Of a
suff_`ciijn-~ quant-Ity cf awLiaixturet- Moreover, it was neoessary
to irnestiga~e +he depe-nd-ance ~f the o_.-talned maxiimum supc~z-
saturations on ~Iie bat,-~h of CsO. The increase in
temDerature was -,bse-_--,~d after the int~oduc-,_`, -:n cf
ihe first batch of CaO. The in teE:pere~ture --ausea *oy
~he introduct.-_*on ,)f the foilo-.~72,nz batches de~,,reases the rrumbar
the ba-t.:.hes. The -ritr.-,duct'On of CaO inte the
s t- icn cf 'he surfarte-actlive su'bstance sharply increases the
Card 2/3 e 1 e c t r.-L r- rcnductivity which then remains constant for some

sov ")c -,13
3 6 /5 4
K t ~ : ~3
n s or i J e
~.r ric -,onduc tivitY.
u-,; The f a c t t I-. a t t h,~ ax - 1.
4 G a
s vjen ~---f the ba ch c s tb at there
pc;
C~*Ilstarl level Df supr- which ~,?,n be corsidered as the
"ution cf CaO
X-Ide - e a, s-o
dissclubility of 73e-2-um 0--- - - I t
is attained.
unto.--, the msy-iEuUl S11
9 f the of calcium
ri ~. L )-.ydratia
A dLss`-,uti~Dll P:-I-,~~?ea
lizes 0a', oc,l-ut~t7--.. T-Ine con-ln,-traticn of
c -s ystal L- -
d t! ~il s oon be ~-: tarr..iined
1 v~ 41. -011-) C,,- n iL- an1. Iv- d
I elect--,de.
p0 0 -~ -
+,E! n -"OME t -:L " ' Y
of I-1-1hich
:%-,-:~dnoy
ASSOCCIATIONt
77.
tE.
4-ersity V. Lomonosov) Otdel
of Moscow State Urd.
d-isp-rsnykh sistcm instituta fizi-,heskoy kh-imii Akademi-i na-ak
SSSR (Lrancll of Dispersed Systems of the InZtitutte of Physical
Cheuds'--Y :f 'u'llie Acad--m7, -r S3~on;---S, USSR)
SUDYITTED 6111-. 'is, -1,98
Card

18M 'J'C,-7/2o-1 25-A -24/5 5
AU`77 OR S ~ n o y 11. A., lcademician
i f
_
----------------- =_
T iT LE 'I'lie Influence of Surface- ctive ":!edia on the Surface-14ardening
of I.Tet.-..ls (Vliyaniye -overkhnostio-aktivn,ykh sred na uiover-
knostnyy naklep metallo-i)
PEIRIODI'3AL Doklady Akademii nauk S3SR, 1)~A: Vol 12'5. pp 607/,-.L,)66
(USSR)
S T RAC T Vlhen inve.-ti.-&,'~ing the hardening of metals it is necessary to
di~tinLmish betaeen true am' c-ffective The
truc h_~rderiinff of the nlippinL- surfaces means increase of

given surface with ~,,royiinz, ab-
the shearing strencth alonn- a r
solute shearing. The effective stren.-thenini: of a sinjle
as a sin,,le cryo-tal characterizes the increaoe of the

i increas-
resi:3tance of the metal to -1,~stic deformation vitl '
in,~, deformation and -s ex-,,resse-l b the -effective hardening
.L
Coefficient dx/da, rhere a "cencfes tAe specific crys-
t-MoCra-,dhic dis-.,lace-ment 4r, the brain. Fnr the true harden-
coefficient 1- it bolds "t-at 1- = dTildo, where -c denotes
e-.~treme tan.-ential tension an', s - the absolute S'iear.
Card 1/11 Betveen 1- -an!] ;~ the connection = ilk `iol(Is , w,':ere h deliotes

'7he Tnf 1 uence o_-~' 5~a-f a c e-Act ive Mcd i a on e 51~rfac -H a r J --n in. -T'e 'a is
,0 rjonsity of 'ho slippin,,, layers. The effective
coefficient of lriardenin,,,r thiis rle:-~,nds not only on the true
.-trenuthenin-, capacity of t'ie slippin- ,,,irf aces but also on
the de.-reu of dispersion of the crystal durin- deforLiiation.
'~'J I Q T; rl2sent oaner descrilnes tlif- results obtkined bZr th e com-
T)le;c investif-,.-tion of tho kinetics of the formation of the
harden(_~d lw'-er in Lhe aurface nardeniri- of teclhnically pure
iron in air and in some acLivo nelin. In this Connection.
the influence exercised by sov,.~! Civen. effects producod by the
Uvon ~Iie laicrohardriess of
'hardeninc- iris trunient (sriall roll) 1
tfle sample sLirfkace, the friction~il force, t*,,.,c.. structure of
the hardened surface of the sa~mpie, thr,. specific Vorl: cf
hi-rdening, -nJ the teimperature at t~~e ,Iace of contact between
roll L~nrj sEimple, are investigate,]. 12hese investi,.-ations were
carried out bY the met-hod developed b~r '7. Y~~. L-,,--ubiMo1ra (:,?ef 3)
in an improved form. . dia~Tram shw-is, by way of an
the. results obtained b,,,, experiments carrilei out --*n air and
in a 0.2G713 soluticn. of st~,~ric acill in Decalin. '11he micro-
ha_-d!ies:_- increase.~3 witk --n Jincrease DI tiIe nuTn".er 0~
0
Card 2 h-_.-..rden ine-, 1c' ions : this increaso iz irre ular and -,assec

SOV/2o-12,`-4-24/53
The Tnfluence of Surface-'ctive Nedia, on the Surface-H-rden-ing a' ~Tetals
L it
,h several maxima. A very characteristic quantity is
throup
the differential work of the plastic Dressin,,,-in of a hol,~,
(a = dA/d!1). This qu,ntif. y conveys an idea of the degree of
res:~tance offered by the sam-ple to -rowinlg- plantic deforma-
tion. Surface-active raedia exercise a dual influo-nce upon
the process of -metal surface hardening: As a result of the
reluction of stren.;-th due to adsorption, they fQcilitate
the development of plastic deformation durinj the first
Sta,reS of hardenin-- and "iey cause an intense stureno-thening-
Of tile surface layer durinE the follo-in.g. eta:~es of hardening.
'"he strengthening and t;lasticizinl- effect produced by surface-
actice media is able to influence the Drecess of imetal cold-
workinf considerably. In the cutting of metals the strengthen-
in and effects of these rietals ugually lead to
to the sarie result, viz. to a reduction of the de-ree of
volume-deformation of the cuttin,,,-s anti of the suriace layer
of the w-~rkpiece. There nre 5 fi~;7_,res an(I 3 Scviet refor-
unces.

5 ' ' )
i, '~
A JTHU'HS P~-rtsov, 11. V., Rebinder, P. A-, SOV/20-123-6-30/50
Academician ---------------
TITLEt On the Surface Activity of Liquid Mletallic Coatings and
Their Influence on the Strength of Metals (0 poverkhnostnoy
aktivnosti zhidkikh metallicheskikh pokrytiy i ikh vliyanii
na proc!inost' metallov)
Pz~RIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR; 1958., Vol 123, 1Tr 6,
-1
~p,) .063 -- 1070 (USSj'j)
One and the same coating of easily fusible metals diminishes
the strength of som-ci metals but exercises no influence on
other metals. On the other hand, also the behavior of one and
the sarae metal depends on the chemical nature of the metallic
coatinC~ The d,~-crease in strength can by no means be ascribed
to the dissolvin6 effect of the molten coating, nor need it
be connected with the selective effect on the grain boundaries.
Experimental data on the influence exercised by easily fusible
metal coatizi.-s upon the mechanical properties of metals are
divided into two distinctly separated groups: 1) The strength
Card 1/~: of the investigated metal is considerably reduced. 2) There
1 0

.On the Surface Activity of Liquid 'Lletallic Coatings :ZCV/20-123-6-30/50
and Their Influence on the Stren3th of Metals
is no such reduction of strength. A comparison of these data
with the diagrams for the fusibility of the corresponding
binary systems metal-coating shows that to the decrease of the
stren-,Yth of a solid metal under the influence of a liquid
coatinC there always corresponds the existence of a sufficiently
narrow but absolutely finite domain of the formation of a solid
solution. Corresponding to the complete lack of strength
reduction, there corresponds, in this diagram, a wide range
to which there corresponds the formation of a solid solution
of the metal coating in the investigated metal, Seen from this
point of view, the results obtained appear to be trivial. If,
however, the range characterizing the production of the solid
solution is so narrow that also the system metal coating is
ou"Iside this ran,-Ie, the deformation of the metal takes place
in the oresence of the liquid phase of the coating. The
reduction of the strength of the solid body (of the metal)
!itay be explained by the absorptive effect of the molten metal
coatin.g. In polymolecular transition layers to the film of
Card 2/.1

On the Surface ActivitY of Liquid Metallic Coatings SOV1120-123-06-30150
and Their Influence on the Strenath of Metals
0
the liquid phase on the surface the work of formation on the
discontinuity surfaces decreases with an increase of recipro-
cal fusibility. There are 1 figure, I table,and 8 references,
7 of which are Soviet.
AS',OCIATION: Kafedra khimii Mo8kovskogo stankostroitellnogo institata
(Chair of Chemistry of the Moscow Machine Tool Institute)
Kafedra kolloidnoy khimii Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo
universiteta im. 14. V. Lomonosova (Chair of Colloid Chemistry
of M~oscow State University imeni M. V. Lomonosov)
SUBi.!ITTED. September 16, 1958
Card 3/3

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/3604
Alcademiya nauk SSSR. institut mashinovedeniya
Povysheniye effekti-v-nowl-I toA-moznykh us-tbroystv. Svoystva frik-usion-
nykh materialov (I=~-easing the Efficiency of Bx-aking Devices.
ProDerties of Friction Materials] Moscow, Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1959.
183-p. Errata slip inserted. 1,800 copies printed.
Reop. Ed.: V.S. Shchedrov, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor;
Ed. of Publishing House: P.N. Be-lyarrl.n; Teah. Ed.: T.V. Polya-
kc~va.
PURPOSE; This collection of articles is intended for engineers and
zeientifia workers specializing in brakes and fricl.-lion materials.
COVERAGE: The first- group of articles deals with basic design
measures for increasing the life and efficiency of brakes, the
second group with problems related to the development and fields
of application of new friction materials, the third group with
testing methods and the results of investigat-ions of friction
Card 1/7

Tr,,3rp Cy (cont. SOV/3604
-asing the Efficien
pairs and brakes, and the foux-th group wi44-,h the design of brakes
and ir!alxilation data. No pplrsonaliti-,is are mentlo~-je--d- References
a-ccrimpany most of the articles.
TABLE OF CONTENTS:
,--Rebinder., P.A., Academician, and, V.-R.
Vik'5-dr~JvieY,---Kta:gej I skiy
This artlicle describes "he wor1r. ~--f
-that- on the theory of and
prG-rerties of snow, textile rriateria1s,
Principal published works cf 1.V. Kralgellskiy
Shcha-lrov, Professcr. Igor'
3
Kragel I skiy, in particular
wear. t-he physic o-mechanical
'and vegetation.
7
PART I. BASIC' DESIGN MEASURES FOR INCREASTNG
THE LIFE AND EFFICIENCY OF BRAKES 10
Chupilko, G.Ye. Kinetic Energy Loading a-rid Capacity of Aircraft
Wheel Brakes 10
The author discusses various types of landing gear brakes and
Card 217

LYSIKHINA, Aleksandrs Ivanovna, starshiy nauchnyy sotrudnik;.RN~B
P..A., skedemiki retsenzent; SMB-SMINA. N.N., kand.khim.
nauk, starshiy nauchnyy sotrudnik, retsenzent; KHOTUNTSU, L.L.,
kand.tokhn.nauk, starshiy nauchnyy sotrudnik, red.,- ZUBKOVA,
M.S., red.izd-va; DONSKAYA, G.D., takhn.red.
(Surface activating additives for increasing water-resisting
properties of pavements mde with bitumens and tars] Poverkh-
nostnoaktivuye dobavki dlia povysheniia vodoustoichivosti
dorozhnykh pokrytii s primeneniem bitumov i degtei. Moskva,
Nauchno-tekhn.izd-vo M-va avtomobillnogo transp. i shosseinykh
dorog RSFSR, 1959. 232 p. (MIRA 13:2)
(Pavements, Bituminous)

WOK r(pW1M4,TjCff SOV/3559
All-dood" mauk SWR- 10otlt-t al"llUM'" 3&=h"7 -evat YO Problem. sh~ra-
procnaylen Pl~tvov
16-14da'ma'Y's PO %ber"ayrachnys' fiPlavea, t- 5 (rnvs4tlN%LJmm& Of Rest-Roeilts,
A1.1-ye, Vol 5J X-CIw, 124-eO AN WSR, 1959- 425 P- Errata Lip La.,ortol.
2,000 copies printed.
94- at POLIghl-C Honed: V.A. XIIAOV, Tech. Ed.; I-F- rAzlftin; 741itorl.&I
1'..rd: I.P. 3ard.L., Acadcuician, G.V, Xurdymoy, AxadmlcLm, N.V. Agayer,
Corresponding 14-be UWR A ftdoay of Sciences (Posp. ?A.), I.A. 0,ling,
j.X. and I- F. ZU414, Caad:dat. of Tomhalcal Sciences.
rLTU"WIt This back is intended for wate.1laygical am4ineors, "61-th worksm
QtAUurgy. and say also be of Interest to studeats or joyaccod O~..
14 :
.
3A tsadrgy.
CO"MLUI ThIs books consisting of a amber 00 papers, deals vith the pra;.~
;
ties or beat-redioung metals and alloys.
&c4 at the ;m;*m I* devoted to
the study of L" facto" wtolch art.-C the -4 behavior or
The orr*cto or various elements such as C', No, on,1 w an the h~s%_m4i.tJmg
proportion o- verlous alloys am tudlel. DeforcabIlity and wrkblIlty

tAI
ar certain " mlAt"% to to. thensal candItlons; s.ro the object of
:

11 oz
at or at U
m
cribod. The pooble-oa at hy1rogen ambrittlOacat, dl.
-fuaLcet
wA the deposition of c.rooda -oatlngd on catta surface& by manan of
oloctrophoresis a.- oxnaltod. Ono paper doAcribas tb. np.~stu* &,14 Inethwa
wed for gro~itlcg monocryntalm of mt&ls. Borom-b- zct&La oret crittc&Llj,
-lo
1 and
yLluat. d. Ro.uttm am gtron a!' tudleo or interatomic bootto
:
Z
arA " btas or or Ltoosi to metal. Test# of turbine and compressor bl&1as a m
described. No personalities a.ro menticood. ReforanI,as scom;uny awt
of the artl4lai.
AJ 11,Y.. Pmd-Oca or FO-CLIIO
As'.
f- lurb- dC-p--r 1~n
V.7., and N.D. rmvolcping Aptr*tus and Methods
- ev
--r;r GUL.rFiFC
74c... z
F-Ing ..ad It. Effect on tt.9 Pr,perti*a of CortaAn HickPI

_,r,L=mn, nd AIII.rational Vcr.... I-
49444LT-7G~7.ory.t.l. Al! -sp"t ....... D!4p ... 11,. 1. a Llqu.td
X,dlus. Llfr-lon Co4tine. On Ylolybd-,%
L.1, Chud-~-, -Ad G-TI. Ks-d-y- Application or Car--
by )U3
h.l. Ad A.A. Y-r-1- ~-t FL-It.t.n.. or
,
-
, ---
ym
~n
All Uy
i
Ad A.7. St.n.n.y. T~,.V-tur. Af pJ..tJcJt7 Ad
0.7.

x --is ;-~VxTluj-
. Ni7
A.D. -tik-, and Study of Thoem~dyrxxln
A.
Zhukhovit.k!y
A
,
,
j
IAJ~jj-C-mf a a kli-Y.
A. 0,inis and Of the Y~-oihtY Of At') 0 1 330
.ChudI, kly, A_.. study of Th.ro:ll Ch.r.ot.ri.ti.3 of All.y.
-2 331,
.
.r!%l
and R.F. H-h-Iyuk. On FthOda Of Toxt!ng Blade Xat
,
t
fo i - rot I or. a Ad Cor. ox f6W fi4 $10 1. A I c " IJAdo r 5 -. zu.n t a d Ove - t I A a Cm AtU t I G - 3 46
D!lat-*trla Study Of Rfll-ti.n of
and P,M.
Vjd(PYqY-
Dovidonk-
"
_
,
plaitic.Ily 1:~f-d Alloys 35
Ldr-n-1, S-V- Fath-d or yloA,.tj.A by ,_ej,,: Ulth thI, Uso or Book Pr ... 11r. 31,11
Frobl- !, Voch-lcol Froparti-
A7AJJ,jdiLL, Llbr.ry or c.he....
VK/ b
Cord 9/9

.n,
Z,
t

-7T~T~
All
rnrii)
71
of I-urll
~I-je!dcal all
for -Tillillg Kiel
Fift~, 3c, 1 ay
at t~~'
jurlp "C~w York.

MNR, TF.
113,as-,c Probieins of P-, sico-chemical ~Jecl-ianlcs of D~sperse and H-h-MO7
.1y
-3~t Iic. tu rc,~~
report presented at the 3ection on Col-Loid Ch,:rdst-ry, '1111 Mendelleyev Conference t)f
Genc.ral aiA AgpliuCl Chemisti-j, MOSCOW) 16-23 1,1--rch 1959.
(Koll. 7-dmu.. v. 21., No. 4, PP. 509-511)

15(6)
AUTHOR: Rebinder, P. A., Academician SOV./30-59-1-5/57
TITLE: New Trends of Colloid Chemistry (i'Tovyye puti razvitiya
kolloidnoy khimii)
PERIODICAL: Vestnik Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959, _Nr 1, PP 44-51 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: At present, colloid chemistry plays an especially important
part in political economy as it is a physical-chemical science
concerning substances of modern engineering~ It is of great
practical iMDortance that at present it is possible to carry
on uninterrupted transitions from lyophobic to lyophilic
systems. Thus, it is possible to obtain technically important
substances with the required structural-mechanical properties.
The theory of highly molecular substances and their solutions
has developed into an independent branch of colloid chemistry.
The vitality of modern colloid chemistry is proved by the
fact that it produces many new independent branches of science.
Further, the author describes the course of the 4th All-Union
Conference of Colloid Chemistry which took place in Tbilisi on
May 13-16, 1958. It was organized by the Otdeleniye khimiches-
kikh nauk Akademii nauk SSSR (section of Chemical Sciences,
Card 1/6 Academy of Sciences, USSR), in common with the Akademiya nank

New Trends of Colloid Chemistry SOV/30-59-1-5/57
Gruzinskoy SSR (Academy of Science, Gruzinskaya SSR). The
research work by M. Ye. Shishniash-~ili in.the field of sus-
pensions of betonite clay-types, as well as agrocolloids
- new organomineral preparations to increase soil fertility -
is mentioned. G. V. Tsitsishvili reported on adsorptive pro-
perties of natural and activated aluminum-silicate adsorptives,
in connection with their structure and their use as catalysts.
Ye. M. Nanobashvili spoke about radiation colloid chemistry.
The Conference was attended by about 400 reuresentatives of
nearly all the centers for colloid-chemical research at
schools, universities, and industrial enterprises of the
country, as well as by representatives from Bulgaria
(R. Kaishev, A. Sheludko), the German Democratic*Republic
(P. Tissen, G. Linde), Poland (A. Waksmundzki.,), and Czecho-
slovakia (K. Spurny*'-). About 160 reports were discussed. The
resolutions of the 2. Vsesoyuznoye soveshchaniye stroiteley
v Kremle (2nd All-Union Conference of Building Experts in the
Kremlin), which was dedicated to the development of the build-
ing material industry, were of great importance to the work of
the Conference. The author of this article reported on modern
Card 2/6 problems of colloid chemistry.

New Trends of Colloid Chemistry SOV/30-59-1-5/57
Further, the following talks were given:
V. A. Kargin determined an analogy between the properties of
colloid solutions and polymeric solutions.
B. V. Deryagin reflected on the importance of surface forces
in the kinetics of dispersion systems.
E. M. Natanson (Kiyev) reported on the present state of
research in the field of colloid metals.
A. D. Shpludko (Bulgaria) determined theoretically and
experimentally the regularities of synaeresis in foams.
M. P. Vollarovich w-ith collaborators spoke about the results
of examination of water properties and structure of peat by
means of radioactive isotopes.
M. Ye. Shishniashvili considered questions of adsorption and
chemosorption of electrolytes in colloid dispersion systems.
B. V. Deryagin and his collaborators reported on the develop-
ment of the electrostatic stability theory as well as the
coagulation of dispersion systems, and on the theory of
formation and the properties of aerosols.
L. Ya. Kremnev, A. B. Taubman reported on the role of the
structural-mechanical barrier-as a factor of practical
Card 3/6 guarantee for a full stabilization of dispersion systems,

Naw Trends of Colloid Chemistry SOV/30-59-1-5/57
as P. A. Rebinder showed it in his-investigations (Ref 1).
V. G. Levich theoretically showed that an increased viscosity
of the protective coverings of the stabilizer is sufficient to
prevent a -coagulation of particles.
M. M. Dubinin and his pupils dedicated a series of reports to
examinations in the field of structural characteristics.
A. N. Frumkin with collaborators examined new appearances of
adsorDtion in the theory of electrode processes.
B. A. Dogadkin, A. Ya. Korolev discussed questions of adsorp-
tive interaction of active fillers with p olymers, as well as
of the chemical modification of the surfaces of solid partic-
les (soot).
Ye. Ye. Segalova, P. A. Rebinder and collaborators reported on
the clarification of the process-of formation of crystallizat-
ion structure in the hardening of mineral binding agents.
G. M, Bartenev showed that the appearance of high elasticity
is connected with the formation of dispersion structure.
L. S. Palatnik (Kharlkov) examined the colloidal state of
agin,g alloys in thin films and massive samples.,
Ye. D. Shchukin, V. V. Yudina clarified the theoretical criteria
Card 4/ 6 of spontaneous dispersion of solid bodies, especially metals,

New Trends of Colloid Chemistry SOV/30-59-1-5/57
in surface-active surroundings.
V. I. Likhtman reported on the appearance of adsorptive
plastification of lead and tin at normal temperatures.,
L. A. Kozarovitskiy and collaborators examined the influence
of rheological properties of printing colors on their
behavior in the printing process.
I. N. Vlodavets reported on the regulation of crystallization
and coagulation structures in the production of best table-
butter.
V. A. Kargin, Z. Ya. Berestneva described the synthesis of
aluminum-silicon jelly of crystalline structure.
V. N. Tsvetkov et al. examined the optical properties of
macromol.ecular solutions and their structural peculiarities.
B'. A. Dogadkin and collaborators reported on questions of
compatibility of polymers and their solutions.
V. A. Kargin, P. I. Zubov and collaborators discussed the
process of gelatin formation and its role in sticking
processes.
S. M. Lipatov,,S. I. Meyerson referred to the coincidental
results of thermochemical And dilatometrical examination
Card 5/6 methods of the transition of gelatine jelly into'a liquid

New Trends of Colloid Chemistry SOV/30-59-1-5/57
solution at a rise in temperature.
A. I, Yurzhenko and collaborators (LIvov), P. M. Khomikovskiy
reported on the clarification of polymerization processes in
the state of dispersion.
B. Ya. Yampol I skiyWU Shn-chliu, S. S. Voyutskiy, A. P. Pisa-
renko and collaborators examined the process of the influence
of active fillers on the processes of structural formation
of polymers.
A. V. Dumanskiy with his school, A. A. Trapeznikov, G. V.
Vir.ogradov and collaborators examined the properties of soap
solutions in connection with their structural peculiarities
and the theory of consistent lubricants.
The reports on questions of dispersion systems in polymers
showed the utility of a combination of problems of colloid
chemistry and the physical chemistry of polymers. The results
of the Conference indicate that, besides limited consultations
on individual scientific problems, comprehensive congresses
are also useful and necessary, uniting the investigators and
comprising the results of achievements in wide fields of
science. There is 1 Soviet reference-.
616

I f
15(o) SOV/29-59-3-7/23
-AUTHOR: Rebinder, P. A., Academician
TITLE: On the Threshold of Three Sciences (Na etyke trekh nauk)
PERIODICAL: Tekhnika molodezhi, 1959, Nr 3, p 13 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The author of this article, Academician Petr Aleksandrovich
Rebinder, has dedicated many years of his life to research work
in the field of physical and colloid chemistry. His principal
works deal with the investigation of surface layers on the bound-
ary surface between solids and liquids. Rebinder and his co-
operators opened a new neighboring field of science, named
physico-chemical mechanics. The new science makes it possible to
give desired properties to sAbstances produced on the basis of
polymers. In this article Rebinder writes that the near future
is unthinkable without new technical methods and new materials.
A large number of technical fields requires substances with
definite properties, such as space travelling, building trade,
aircraft construction, ship-building, the motor-vehicle and ma-
chine-building industry, etc. This indicates that metals will
lose their leading position as construction material, which
Card 1/2 does not mean, however, that they will be superfluous. They will

Page of Open Letters
SOV/29-59-3-6/23
in many articles that people who have lost their way cannot go
straight on but move always in circles. That seems mysterious to
me. Answer: This phenomenon is not only observed in man. It was
found that blindfold dogs also move in circles and the same holds
for infusoria. That is, however, nothing mysterious as it results
from the geometrical asymmetry of the body and the irregular de-
velopment of muscles. 3) R- Haspilov, Veselinovo,Nikolayevskays
oblast', asks: How is a looping calculated? Answer; The circus
performance called looping is based on a known mechanical law.
The motorcycle or the car are pressed against the wall by the
centrifugal force, which is caused by the motion of a body on a
curved line at a certain minimum speed. The quantity of centri-
fugal force is computed by the formula F - mv2
Card 2/2

KOCHANOTX, L.A.; LIKHTM.!tN, V.I.; REBTIMER, P.A.
-
Effect of fusible metal melf-s-oa the: im"e0ch'anical properties of
single crystals of higher melting metals. Biul. Inst.
metaloker. i spets. splav. AN URSH. no. 4:72-78 '59.
(MIRA 13:11)
(Metal crystals--Thermal properties)

REBINDER, P., akademik
Promising branch of science. IzobrA rats. no-7:3-5
il 159. (U.-L-RA 12:11)
(Tecbnolog7)

sov/126-8-.2-19/26
AUTHORS. Kochanova, L.A., Likhtman, V.I. and-Rebinder, P.A.
TITLE. Influence of Low Melting-point Fused Metal on the
Mechanical Properties of Monocrystals of Higher Melting-
point Metals
PERIODICAL: Fizlka metallov i metallovedeniye, 1959, Vol 8, Nr 2,
pp 288 - 293 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Single crystals of zinc (99.990/0 and cadmium (99.9pg%)
were used in fused tin and lead. Samples were deformed
at 10-150% per minute with a temperature constant to
+ 5 OC. The metallic medium (Sn or Pb) was deposited
in the sample electrolytically (thickness 5 0, which
was then placed in a tube with powdered graphite to
pre-vent oxidation, Figure 1 shows true stress-strain
dialgrams for pure zinc and zinc with a coating of tin.
At room temperature the influence of tin is small but
at hIgher temperatures tin causes a decrease in strength
and plasticity. The relation between temperature and
magnitude of the effect of tin is shown in Figure 2. The
sharp increase in effect at 300 - 4oo 0C is connected
Cardl/3 with an increase in solubility of zinc in -tin, The

SOV/126-8-2-19/26
Influence of Low Melting.-point Fused Metal on the Mechanical
Properties of Mcnocrystal's of Higher M_dl. Ming--- point Metals
character of the fracture also changes froin plastic in
air to brittle in tin. Lead-Ain m:Lxt-,Lres were also used.
The effect of pure lead is very slight but with increase
of tin content in the lead up to 200%, there is a sharp
decrease in strength and plasticity of zinc (Figure 3).
With fur-tkiex- Inc.-cease of tin content, the effect is much
slighter. it was shown that if zinz~ coated wita tin is
held in lead at 4oo OC for long priods, the stiength of
the zinc recovers (Figure 4). This shows the absent.~e of
any marked diffusion of tin in zinc,. A decrease in
plasticity and strength of cadmium in tin was also found
(Figures 5,6). The results on single crystals show that
the decrease in strength is not connected with any grain-
boundary effect.
There are 6 figures and 21 references, of -;,ihich 12 are
English and 9 Soviet.
Card2/3

so 126-8-2-il/26
I
Influence of Low Meltlng-polnt FuseYMetal on he Mechanical
Properties of Monocrystals of Higher Melting-point Metals
ASSOCIATION; Institut fizicheskoy khimiiAN SSSR (Institute of
Physical Chemistry of the Ac.Sc., USSR)
SUBMITTED: October 15, 1957
Card 3/3

5(4) _70V/610-21-2-12/22
A-UTHOR: LoUginov, G.I., 4PPin4er.,P_.A. and Abroserd-ova, V.F.
-
,
~ -:
-
"
il
TITLEs The Interaction at Ordinary Temperatures of Calcium Hydroxide
-'kith Sand of Various Degrees of Dispersity
_17ERIO-DiCAL: Koiloidnyy zhurnal, 1959, Vol XXI, 14'r 4, PP 442-448 (U33R)
AB_1*T_iACT: This is a study of the interaction of calcium hydroxide with
sand in aaueous solution. The exioeriments were carried out
with the aid of isotope Ca45, us-ed in the form of Ca*(OH)
'
2
The binding kinetics of the lime were studied with the chemi-
cal methods employed for the determination of free CaO. Object
of the irvestigation was sand (quartz sand) of the Vollsk de-

_
posit of different dispersi tY2 (specific surface S ). The dis-
values
persity varied from 3 0.11 M Ig (natural state) 10 S
2/g(finely 1
equ,-.1 to 0.62; 0-95; L6 and 5.4 m ground). The
experiments, which continued for 6 months, were carried out at
a temperature of 170 +_ 10 C. Figure I (graph) illustrates the
bindinj I -
kinetics of calcium ions from a saturated Ca (OH )

Card 1/4 2
-3olution with sand of the above-mentioned S 1 values. The

-07/;-Sq-21-4-12/22
The interaction at Ordinary Tcmperatures of Calcium Hydroxide ~.Iith Sand
of Various Degre-.---s of Dispersity
curves show that independently of the dispersity of the sand,
the binding process always consist's of two stages: 1) chemisor-
ption, which ends within one hour after the start of the inter-
actton, z.,.nd 2) a very long period of ohemical binding of CaO
at constant rates. The second process, evidently, is connected
with the formation of calcium hydrosilicate, the latter being
a new p'lase crystallized from the gradually formed supersatu-
rated solution. According to 1-13. Lrasill_.nikov, this process
will 'inally result in the full binding of CaG in the hydro-
I U
silicate, which corresponds to a final concentration of^-/0.006
t- 1, i.e. to a hydrolytic equilibrium of 'the calcium silicate
3/
in 'the solution. In the case of conce--qtra~ed suspensions, this
process results in tthe development of a solid crystalline hydro-
silicate structure '--rt~ference 112, as is shown by the aut-ors'
e.--'-ne!imen'U.3 with small solid blocks of binder. The
specific ourface of finely ground sand was determined on the
Card 2/4 basis of adsorption at low temperatu--r-e. The medium value2 for

'~C'V/69-21-4-12/22
The Tn'eraction at Ordinary Temperature,- of Calcium Hydroxide 3--nd
Of Various Degrees of Dispersity.
ea-uh dioperoity served for the calculation of the space occu-
pied by a CaO molecule (table 1) The medium value so) 3-~
this s-oace was found to be 10 .2 On the basis of the meditua
Value S , and the value of CaO sorption, the authors also
calculaYed the values S 1 of coarsely-dispersed sand, whic-a
cannot be determined on the basis of nitroaen adsorption. Both
methods.i.e. -the method of nvestigating the CaO binding process
,aith the aid of isotope Ca4~ and the method of determining the
active snecific surface of sand through chemisorption of the
same isotope, permit determination of the surf-ance of sands of
any disper,-ity. Low-temperature ad~iorption of nitrogen Ferves
only for the deteriaination of the surface of highly-dispersed
'--ands M maininr~ par
21g). The re ' i t of the study can 'be summar-
ized as follows. The dependence of the rate of CaO binding on the
dispersity of sand is subject to the equation of the semicubi-
Card 3/4 cal Darabola (fiGure 2). The hardening of lime-silica binders

3ZOV/60-21-4-12/22
Tile Interaction at Ordinary Temperatures of Calcium Hydroxide 'With Sand
of Various Degrees of Dispersity.
can be intensified (by 501'to) by activation processes, i.e.
by passinE the limesilica binder through a vibromill. The
discovery of the mechanism of CaO binding opens new techno-
logical possibilities to increase the strength of lime-
silica products by adding substances, which increase the rate
of dissolving of silica in water. In addition to the above-
mentioned scientist, the authors mention D.S.Sominskiy and
G.S. Khodakov. There are 4 tables, 3 graphs and 16 references,
14 of which are Soviet and 2 English.
AS~`OCILATIO_H: Institut fizicheskoy khimii AN SSSR, IMoskva
(Institute of Physical Chemistry of the AS USSR? lJoscow)
__'UB1.`.TTEZ)s 15 November, 1958
Card 4/4

( A
1 , ?4(2) SOV/20-124-4-41/67
5
AUTAORS: Segalova, Ye. Ye., Tulovskaya, ZZ. D., Amelinag Ye. A.,
Rebinder, P. A., Academician
TITLE. Causes of the Loss ofStrength of the Monocalcium, Aluminate
Crystal Structure Formed
at High Temperature (U prichinakh 3nizheniya prochnosti
kristallizatsionnoy struktury monolalltaiyevogo alyuminata,
obrazuyushcheysya pri povyahennoy temperature)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 10591 Vol 124, Nr 4, PP 876-879
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: A short report is first given on the present stage of the
problem and on earlier papers dealing with this subject.
The formation of a crystallization structure of reduced
strength and higher temperature is not due to the formation
of another compound, but to a modification of the conditions
of the crystallizing-out of the hydrate forming these com-
pounds. The authors investigated the kinetics of oversatura-
tions by employing the conductometric method at an optimum
rate of mixing (400 rpm). In order to prevent carbonization
of suspensions, all measurements were carried out in a nitro-
Card 1/4 gen atmosphere. In all sufficiently concentrated suspensions

30V/20-12ij-4-41/67
Causes ef the of Strength -;f Ue M,_)rv::-,al-:iuM ADLT11nate "--YE-tal
Structure Formed at High Temperatures
a constant level of electric conductivity is established,
which corresponds to the maximum oversaturation. or to the
conditioned solubility of CA (an abbreviation used by the
authors for CaO.Al20 ). In suspensions of CA a constant
level of oversaturatlon is more quickly attained than in
tricalcium-aluminate suspensions, but it is still attained
much more slo7wly than in suspensions of semi-aaueous gypsum.
The rate at which maximum oversaturation isattained increases
considerably with an increa:3e of the concentration of the
susoensions. The existence of stable oversaturations which
are independent of the concentration of the suspension is
also indicated by the results obtained by the quantitative
determination of the concentrations of CaO and A12 03 of the
liquid phasip of the suspension,provided that electric con-
ductivity in this liquid phase has attained its maximum
value. The samples used for analysis were chosen from the
same suspen3i'bn in which electric conductivity had been
measured. The results obtained by analyses made it possible
not only to determine the existence of stable oversaturations
Card 2/4 in the CA-suspensions, but also to characterize them quanti-

- - .1307~20-124-4-41167
of ~ e Monocalcltn
_abases of tLe joss of Strength th
,rystp_l Str,,Icture Formed' at Hi a-, Temperatures
tatively. Accordin,-, to the results obtained by the present
paper CA is con,-,ruently solved: A concentration ratio of
CaO and Al 203 in tl~.n_ liquid phase of the suspension is equal
to 1, which corresponds to their ratio in the arid compound.
At the same time, the solubility of the hydrate 2 CaO.Al 0
2
aqu (C 2A.aqu) was determined, which was produced by.the
0
hydration of CA at 20 . It amounted to 0-4/0 9 C2 A per 1 1
of the solution, which is in good agreement with the data
0
found in publications (Ref 8). The concentration ratio of
CaO and Al 203 corresponds to the dicalcium aluminate
(CaO/Al 2030~ 2). The authors carried out similar experiments
also at 60 The curves for the variation of electric con--
ductivity also have a distinct maximum, which increases con-
siderably with an increase in concentration of the suspension,
and which becomes noticeable already after a shorter time.
Card 3/4 In order to be able to determine the amoiint of stable over-

h SOV/20-124-4--41/67
causes of the L.Oss Of Cf t e
MP C~ a-
A)_Lra_i~riate Ci7sta` Str-i.!~_- at Te er t,
u
saturation it is necessary considerably to reduce the rate
at which CA is dissolved, without hereby varying the experi-
mental temDerature. For this purpose a surface-active sub-
stance was0added to the suspension, viz. sulfite-alcohol-draff.
Also at 60 stable oversaturations occur by the hydration of
j
CA. The maximum value of concentrations does not depend on
the concentration of the suspensions, but it is attained more
quickly at higher concentrations. There are 3 figures, I table,
and 11 references, 8 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Kafedra kolloidnoy khimii lJoskovskogo Fosrdarstvennogo uni-
versiteta im. IA. V. Lomonosova
(Chair for Colloid-Chemistry of Moscow State University
imeni M, V. Lomonosov)
SUBMITTED: October 15, 1958
Card 4/4

5W
AUTHORS: Belugina, G. V., Zakiyeva, S. Kh., SOV/20-126-2-25/64
Rebinder, P. A., Academician, Taubman, A. B.
TITLE: On the Stability and Viscosity of Concentrated
Suspensions in the Oleogels of Metallic Soaps
(Ob ustoychivosti i vyazkosti kontsentrirovannykh
suspenziy v oleogelyakh metallicheskikh myl)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959, Vol 126, Nr 2,
PP 316-321 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In the course of the investigations discusued in the present
paper the aluminum soaps of naphthenic acids were used as
structure-forming additions. They form oleogels with peculiar
structurally mechanical properties. These properties of
oleogels depend on the molecular nature of the dispersive
medium and may be regulated by variation of these factors.
In this connection, the authors investigated the time-
-dependence of the viscosity of the gels of aluminum
naphthenate in hydrocarbon media and in concentrated
suspensions which are built up on the basis of such hydrocarbon
media. Ordinary technical suriace-hardened oxidized aluminum
Card 1/3 powder with particles of aluminum powder from 6 to 13 IP. served

On the Stability and Viscosity of Concentrated SOV/20-126-2-25/64
Suspensions in the Oleogels of Metallic Soaps
as dispersive phase. The dispersion medium used was the
purified basic paraffin-naphthene fraction of the fuel
T - 1. The production of the aluminum soaps used for
structure-formation is briefly described. A diagram shows
the typical curves lg1L-1V for a 2% aluminum-naphthenate-Eel-
Here T, denotes viscosity and -6 - time. The introduction of
a solid phase increases initial viscosity considerably, but
without changina the character of its aging. Analogous
curves of aging are given for 2%- and 4%-gels of an
aluminum-naphthenalle of other composition. If benzene is
substituted for the paraffin-naphthene fraction, the initial
viscosity of the gel is reduced, but the viscosity of the
gel in the suspension undergoes practically no change for
the duration of one month. The eecrease of viscosity in the
oleogels of the aluminum-naphthenate and in the corresponding
suspensions is probably a consequence of the latent formation
of aggregates. There are 2 figures, 1 table, and 10 references,
9 of which are Soviet.
Card 2/3

On the Stability and Viscosity of Concentrated SOV/20-126-2-25/64
Susuensions in the Oleogels of Metallic Soaps
ASSOCIATION: Institut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk SSSR
(Institute for Physical Chemistry of the Academy of
Sciences, USSR)
SUBMITTED: February 26, 1959
Card 3/3

AUTEORS, coryunov, Yu. V., Pertsov, 11. V., SO V/2 0- ', 2 7- 5 /6 0
.2 -.4 rICI -- -d C i --.n
_e P A , Acadei.-
TITLE',~ of Strp-rigth b, Adsorption and Byitflp Failure
I:f Ztric a-ld Cadmium Singb~ Crystals
PERIODICAL~ Dc-',< la!_%, Akademii naW-- SSSR, 1199 01, W-1 1 2714 70 4-7S';
(USSR)
ABSTRACT~ The au4.hors had already ascertained (1?.efs rliat als:
Plastic bodies c-an b? destroyed under the influmr..-_ -,f' hilgh1y
adsorben', metals; the metals forim fine liquid inclus-iOns _JrA the
plastic 'body. In t-he present paper, this process is
.c.y means of Zn- and Cd-single cr,~rstalz; gallil~_m f.---- T-Ine
Q,
_-~Tmation o-~' Inclusions. T11he gall-lum zras precipf"atc-d c~n
.so . A solu,4 1,
~xystals as a th4n filr thz~ o n ~- fh g -a -_ 1
i;he .-rystals was impossible under the eXiSting. C.,nZ..en4- -cal., -,.r.
condit. lons. The destruction of the single crys-ts-'s was si 1
C.a~sd at various initial orientations of the glide plane-&. T'h~
.:7ryetals wpre stretched at a constant el~,ngat`:;r. rate. Tne
r.:rystals treated with gaiii-m were subjected tc, "his
Card and showed a reduct-ion in density, and were dest_~_-:,yel --':, a1l

I--.- Adscrption and BrIttle SOV/20--i"i-4-75/60
Sti I
zaii,jre .-)f and Calm-tum Single Crystals
1. thus forming basal gi-de plan's.
~jrLentations Jirvest.lgated, L L- ~ -
Figures 1 and 2 show the results of the investigations. The
law of the constancy of the normal stress at -z frazr'~-;_-e
was not abserved. Likhtman, Kochancva, and Bryulkhanova had
I)-.)inted out th.s fa-,;t (Ref 5). The law of Likhtman and
SK""I"Jukin (pef 6) was observod, which assumes the constancy of
~h,? dcrkratton of tho norme.1 and shearing stress. The effa,~t of
the gallium is based on -Its high surface activity. A mocharlilam,
:~f the formation of inclus-ions is indicated. Thez-e are
f-.gures and 7 Sov:*et references.
ASSOCIATIO11z Kafedra kolloidnoy kh-I'mi-i Yoskovskorgo gosudarstver-nogo
.1ni-rersi-':--+a -4m. M. V. Lomoxiosova ("'hair of Colloid Chemist-u
hlos,:r-~w State UniversLty imen-1. M. V. Loacwso7l,
S TI- R-1 ITT E DMlay 2,z, 19~11'
r1ard

5W 1 - * SOV/20-127-5-38/58
AUTHORS, Khodakov, G. S.9 Rebinder, P.A.; Academician
. ...... .....I
TITLE: The Investigation of t-he Fine Dispersion of Quartz and of the
Influence of Added Liquids Upon This Procese
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademi4- nauk SSSRv 1959, Vol 127, Nr 5, pp 1070-1073
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: The effect produced by acetone, ethyl alcoholy water, benzenes
triethanolamine and oleic acid upon the dispersion of quartz
sand was investigated. Crushing was carried out in a laboratory
vibration mill, and determination of the degree cf dispersioll
by measuring the specific surface by means of adsorption of
nitrogen at low temperatures a--cording to reference 14- Fig-
ures 1-4 and tables '1.and 2 show the experimental results. The
addition of liquids causes a considerable increase of the
specific surface in comparison to dry-grinding. The effect
produced by the individual liquids is about equal. This result
is explained by the fact that, in the case of dry grinding,
relatively solid particle complexes are produced, the tight
packing of which prevents nitrogen from penetrating, so that
a large part of the free'surface is eliminated. Additions of
Card 1/2 liouids cause a considerable extent, of desaggregation. As

SOV/20-127-5-38/58
The Investigation of the Fine Dispersion of Quartz and of the Influence of
Added Liquids Upon This Process
shown by figure 3, desaggregation. depends upon the quantity
of the liouid added. In water, a minimum occurs at an addition
of 2-30%, which is followed, as a result of further additions,
by a rapid increase of desaggregation. As shown by experiments,
the described phenomena are confined not only to quartz alone,
but in a different degree characteristic also of other solid
substances, such as corundum, and calcite. There are 4 figuresp
2 tables, and 19 referencesq 14 of which are Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Vsesoyuznyy nauchno-issledovatelvskiy institut tonkogo izmeli-
cheniya Akademii stroitel'st-va i arkhitektury SSSR (All-Union
Scientific Research Institute for Fine Grinding of the Academy
of Building and Architecture, USSR). Institut fizicheskoy
khimii kkademii nauk SSSR (Institute of Physical Chemistry of
the Academy of Sciences, USSR)
SUBMITTED: May 22, ';959
Card 2/2

'26
24(2~, 18(6) S OV/2o - 5-2-13/59
AUTHORS: Goryunov, Yu. V., Pertsov, N. V., Shchukin, Ye. D., Rebinder,
P. A., Academician
TITLE: Variation in the Structural and filechanical Properties of the
Single Crystals of Tin Under the Influence of a Strongly Ad-
sorptionactive Medium
PERIODICAL: Daklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959, Vol 128, Nr 2,
pp 269 - 272 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: This article deals with the influence exercised by a thin li-
quid gallium film upon 'the mechanical and structural properties
of the single crystals of tin and upon their electrical con-
ductivity. Differently oriented single crystals of tin (degree
of purity 99.999 %, diameter 0.5 - 1 mm, length 10-25 mm) were
bred by the method of zone crystallization. The liquid me-
tallic gallium was mechanically applied to the surface of
the samples in a quantity of from tenths of a mill1gram to
5-10 mg. As in the case of Zn-Hg and other pairs mentioned al-
ready earlier, plasticity and strength of the single crystals
of tin decrease abruptly as soon as the gallium has been
Card 1/4 applied to the samol'e surface. However, they decrease even

Variation in the Structural and Mechanical Properties SOV/2o-128-2-113/59
of the Single Crystals of Tin Under the influence 3f a Stroncly .1-dsorption-
active "Iedium
more in the course of time. After a -few days, the sample _Js
pu'-,rerized by the pressure of a finger-nail. A diagram
strates the results obtained by measurement of the true tensicr-s
of the break resulting from an elongation of -.he gallium-
coated single crystals of tin at a constant velocity ofrJ20'Yo
min-1 as a function of the period of time passed since the
coating of the samples with gallium. The extreme relative pro-
longations increased by 50L/,,) (as a maxi:xuir. value') immediatel,-!--
after the samples had been coated with gallium. This perrentage
dropped to some per cent after the sampleshad beer, exposed
1,
~o room temperature for 24 hours, and after some days _JI. was
only very small. The strength of single crystals coated with
gallium amounts to 1-5 kg/ m2 approximately iminediately after
the coating, and drops to 50 g 2 after 7-10 days. X-ray
Q. Irrim -
Pictures taken before and after the coating showed that after
the coating the single crystal gradually decomposes into di-
stinctly disoriented blocks. After some days the initial sta2.ns
on the X-ray picture vanish almost completely, and the picture
resembles that of a polycrystalline metal. At a sufficient
Card 2/4 quantity of gallium and sufficiently long action of 'the

Variation in "he Str.ctural and Mechanical Properties SOV/2o-128.-2-13/c;9
o~f the Siz,gle Crystals of Tin Under the Influence of a Strongly A-deorptior.-
active :~Iedium
latter on the single crystal of tin, this phenomenon extends
throughout the entire crystal volume. In the case of samples
oriented in such a manner that their original resistance is only
small (i.e. at large angles ), between the tet-ragonal
0 [00~
axis and the sample axis), resistance increases in the course
of time, while it gradually drops after the coating of samples
with high original resistance (if the tuetragonal axis is near
'the sample axis). Gallium (or gallium saturated with tin)
is a strong adsorbent for tin. During elongation in liquid
nitrogen the strength of samples coated with gallium really
increases as.compared to single crystals without coating. The
authors thank Professor V. I. Likhtman, who contributed to
a discussion of the results of this article. There are 4
figures, 2 tables, and 27 references, 26 of which are Soviet.
Card 3/4

Variation in the Structural find Mechanical Properties SOV/2o-128-2-113/99
of the Single Crystals of Tin Under the Inf',L:ence of a Strongly Adsorption-
active "'.'_edium
ASSOCIATION: Otdel dispersnykh sistem Instituta f-Lzicheskoy khir.-i-L Akademji
nauk SSSR (Institute for Disperse Systems of the Institute
of Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, USSR)Kafedra
kolloidnoy khimii Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogc universiteta.
0
~-i. M, V. Lomonosova (Chair of Colloid Chemistry of Moscow
State University imeni M. V. Lomonosov)
S U B11, I I T 11 E'D June 5, 1959
Card 4/4

T
5W SOV/20-.129-6-40/69
AUTHORS: Segalovaq Ye. Ye., Kontorovich, S. I., Rebinder, P. A,, Acad-
emician
TITLE: Features of Structural Crystallization in the Solidification
of Calcium Oxide by Hydration
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959, Vol 129, Nr 6j PP 1343-13406
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: The authors investigated the process of CaO hydration on sus-
pensions which, besides CaO additionally contained 75'-,- CaCO
~
as inert filling medium, so that the ratio between water an
calcium was increased and structural development could be re-
tarded and heating of the samples could be reduced. The pure
2
CaCO
had a specific surface of 2000 cm
/g, determined by
3
Tovarov's apparatus. The strength of the suspensions was deter"
mined by means of a conical plastometer, and the rate of hydra -
tion was determined calorimetrically, Figure 1 and table 1 show
the course of the strength and hydration of suspensions with
a ratio between water and solid subs tarice 07/0)0f 0,4, 0,5, and 0.6,
Strength at first increases rapidly as a result of crystalliza-
tion of the main quantity of Ca(OH) V after which it decreases
rapidly and only rises gradually with 'W/S = 0.4 until the end
Card 1/2 of hydration, as was also observed by G~ I. Logginov (Ref 6).

SOV/20-129-06-40/69
Features of Structural Crystallization in the Solidification of Calcium Oxide
by Hydration Figure 2 shows that the course of strength does not depend on
temperature conditions. As a cause of these variations of strerLcldip
the destruction of structure by the occurrence of internal
stresses during the growth of the crystals is given. The double
character of this process (increase of strength by crystal
growth, decrease by destruction of structure) causes the rise
and fall of the strength curve, which is particularly marked
with VI/S = 0.4. On the other hand, the dissolution of crystal-
lization contacts becomes effective only in the case of a large
W/S. The assumption of several Ca(OH) 2 modifications going over
into one another was refuted by thermograms and X-ray pictures.-
0. V. Pyasetskaya collaborated. There are 2 figures, 1 table,
and 9 Soviet references.
.ASC-OCIATION: institut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute of
Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences, USSR), Yafedra
kolloidnoy khimii 111oskovskogo gosudarstvennogo universitueta
im. 1-1. V. Lomonosova (Chair for Colloidal ChemistrY of Iioscor,
State University imeni IT& V. Lomonosov)
SUBMITTED: July 31, 1959
Card 2/2

VEYLKR, S.Ya.; LIKETHAN, V.I.; REBINIIXR, P.A., akademik,
(Effect of lubrication in the press forging of metals]
smazok pri obiabotke metallov davleniem. Moskva,
nauk SSSR, 196o. 231 p.
(Forging) (Ketalworking lubricants)
otv.red..
I
Deistvie
Izd-vo Akad.
(MIRA 13:8)
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neq-t..
262. Drosal. problems oC Me d..Ia
roumistion,s und'r L.Pkc oo4s.
263.N S. 9. Molt" (Loolmnat colutim of soess dy~slo proble-
.rmftw., ii-tux's, by the sethod of L.Itw W-W..
PI-61- of too M
24%. V -Y
.Ity A sell shem.
5 ). a . . . Los. of .-I-tl
ft'l" problow Lr plastl4lq.
2". X The ;rt:.ot of Latorml rrictLm
be. " 1. -4-
Szt6essess (P-41"410 el" soof I& owsoot",
disell. 1-tf to Lets-I P.

A YbCj
A U - 7-710P. S
IT
32803
S/ 1 1, ~-00/10 12/124/149
101
31---harrIn, Ye.D, K---hanova, L,A,,
-i,&. mA of of zxa~l surface a---
or, a-d streng-h proper-,les of single
c t m(- D
z~nunrlttl. Me --rg-'Ya, 112~ 1961, 34-35, abstract
'L-',z. rn-%all-~v, AN SSER'? . 1960, n,,. -.:>,3, 147-161)
Exce-rir~,n-~a wn~- m--Lds crIer-4;-a Zri and Cd s:Lngle
ary~-,.els -.f 1 mr ,n wi~;h e~ I*hirj. fl of sirface act,
Sn and
-,-z -shown tna- 9~1 T off llba2c- mr--tal-co cat ing"
E--U t-6 C. lt,6
Cf mc-~a'.1dyer atrongly reduces
defc,-rrjab'---;I-,-y ard a:".U fallure, The
-r-ri-Itle effef.~ .~f ~ne of teemrerature
and 4:nr-- re-lrl-lc-l are n,-,I. connected
arr,~- c~ij-zed :.-v ?L fe:rea='~ of -tte -4crk whl3h is
f-,- da,~ ~~ -.he. Cf s-.L-face-
Cara I 1--D

32 803
1/6 1., ~MO/O 12/124/149
A /A 1C, 1
T-.--'*Or:-E.!r-fa~QS, Al~ a dr:ip af tvi6 test tem.
Feral~ure ,,~-I:w 7-~ of -h~ -a!Fe .,re 'e,-.nbrI-;--Ing effect
the
a r,~ju7~5t of Eltoms. Mne
a~' ~zc, %- t~-,ff h1gr. an-I low
tr-nal n whi!-,n cf and local L Y,
s trf~- soe F ve,:~ ~ A. f a-- I e 1 ',0 dC-, Te ;.0; !Tl-,C dangercue even at
~e e- "Ilk A-2e. r f free s-,;rf iL-e ene rgy . rh--n3 a-re 21 references.
V, SI-C-T'L-ICv
FAb--- tra,:, a no
-7-oTr~Lm',-
I
,- a r

R
,EBIITDER., P.A.., akademik; ~3ERB-SERBIIIA, U.N., kand.khim.nauk; UTROV, S.N..,
- -- dotsent
M.N. Shkabarals [doktor geol.-mineral.nauk] book "Drilling and grout-
ing fluids in drilling mine shafts" and A.A. Linevskii's r'evie-w of it.
Shakdit. stroi. 4 no. 5:30-31 MY 160. (I.IIRA 14-4)
(Shaft sinking) (Drilli fluids)
(Shkabara, MIN.T

SEMIPMt, Yo.Yeo, kand.k-him.nauk; ITIMIMER, P.A., akademik
---- - ---
Modprn physical and chemical representation of hardening
procosses in mineral binding maicrials. Stroi.oat. 6
no.1:2.1-26 Ja 160. (141RA 13:5)
(Binding materials)