SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT STENDER, V.V. - STENDER, V.V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001653120010-2
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 26, 2000
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

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C WHY of velad"s (w electrolytic refimium of
1111P.W.- V. A. Veinin and V. V. Stender, (Kaukb.
00 1 Mile Metal. lust,. Alma-Ata) --J 'ApjWjed Cken.
(U-S-S-R-) M N"(W.L:ii;;ib"and tabular thata
fie ji! am 9i"n for Coad. of solus. of AgN;Op in the psmilce uf
06 41! Cu*' aud ezeess MNO#, at 20% 33% an.1 501. The iw.
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PONOMAREV, V.D.; SALTOVSKLYA, L.A.; STMIM. V.V.
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Utilization of converter gas in copper hydrometallurgy. 1zv.AJF
Kazakh.SM Ser.khim. no.1:63-73 146. (NLRA 9:8)
(Copper-Netallurgy) (Sulfuric acid Industry)

CUSIYHC co
Sb; or to HISO, - the
of Co Md
d-ft of the No of
in ft ohs a'
sod to m cl tlw Ommd*Mk- W
mine

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4itt ku-iAlij.-Ilt N.4cl %An4..:YX) X.A., dclKA.&TiA46-1.
hy;dlout () 7-0.8 v.. at c.d. 10? amp./sq. dru., were oll-
0 tainnt with.An air strearn flowing through the inner channel
athodes; the tffect of the
:)f hollow cylindrical graphite c
lcgnv of porosity, 42."1.0%, it very slight. 0.1 v. d4l,
000 lr*%. With itscmitsing c.d., the depoltrizing action de.

*0 a vrea%rq; It d1uplintro at a higher c.d. the irrairr thr
poro4ity of the graphite: *Mlamp./sq. in. for ;2.6% 100
11XO1'fov64O. Pure 0 instead of air docs not inereaw the

004 vilret touty ippreciable extent (mostly fly ;ttxntt P t v..
m '%@Ptio!Ld Cases, at c.d. 200@-&)D amp. /-;q@m_ fly 0.2
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V. V. -1111Dder- J-
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fro)
10, at 25 @ 0-5' with IN %fiades, active Catholic aft 1
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1!q. cm., electrode di-tAnce 70 tntu. Const. posentlah E
-W
(@Ojxew v.) were re"hed, at lower c.d.. within 21)
jilin, with Aft, Sh. \I. W; in 3") inia. with Sn, CAI;
1-2 hrs. with smooth Ili, Fe. llb, Al; 4-5 tics. with TM;
with Nfo, no con'tancy better than -&0.01 v , was resch"d
even after 4M hrs.: at higher c.d., establi,litment of a
const /-.* wa, Wier. except with Ta where It was slow".
1 50 amild
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m.) - So, electrolytic (from acid sulfate, 3V 104) atill"111
I'll, O-Vtrolytic. recuat: h%. electrolytic (from
N@,,S + N4011. 4W. III @ auip./sq.m.) retat. Cd. elec-
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jr,flyti,% i.v.t,t; Al, electrolytic. rolled; Fr it, W ?.to
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j$6 It A .11ALLURCKAL LIJESATURI CLASUOICAVION
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aturnoriLwal 1xith. In Al rtie,,. the oycrvoll.q.,
TA-frl's Ltw It - I + If log I. Ili contrait to llickling Afl,i
!,@dt-q I C.A. j5. showing rnxt or
Ili Cd,Sn, Sit; this is IILIC no doubt to the mot involved
- 'he
in I indircct confinutatflir method and re,ults its too low
values of v at higher c-d- with r-j;jiil 1`411 of F during the
'crption (5 X 111 0 @v@) The Uta of Knolirl,
C.. l4n. i .... I Iii,,main (C.A. 17, 17571 afe 1,P) high.
p
Froill the 111c;Lsurculellt'. file G)MIwing valts"01 the h
coeft.iisT.41cl*%('(IU.ItiOI1,LfCg';LIC(I.: I'Vitright) -11.125;
W -0.11); Nj -0.09; Aft Nlo -0. 105; Fe
-0.115; Ta -fIJIT,5; Sit -OA3; Al Sb -0.1o;
PI) -0.095; W.Ni -OAm7l. The fact that A, is gritcrAfly
less than the tht-urutit-41 if. I W indicates that the recom-
bin4tion reaction 11 + If - ll,iqat lvat one of the rate.
detX. slow 1tro7es-cs. 11 overvult2gr is remarkably lusr
off electrolytic WNi N. Tho"
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STENIZR, V.V.
Utilization of -waste sulfur dioxide In copper hydroolectroustal-
lurg7; introduction. Isy.AN Uzakh.= Ser.khIm. no.1:5-7 147.
(NLRA 9:8)
(Copper--Metallurgy) (Sulfur dioxide)

UaGE)MVA, V.Y.; V.V. - UKUNINA, M.N.
Ixtraction of copper from ores oxidized with sulfur dioxide In
sodium chloride solutions (03tafite-chloride proceseg). IsY.AX
Xazakh.WM Ssr.khim. no.l-.7-21 047. (MM 9:8)
(Copper--Metallurgy) (Sulfur dioxide)

BLUSLIT, I.I.; KIR'UKGV, G.Z.; STINM, V.V.
Copper hydroolectronstallura with the use of anodic depolariza-
tioa. Characteristics of highly porous carbon anodes and depola-
rization by sulfur dioxide. Izv.AN Usakh.S= Ser.khim. no.l:
21-3o 147. OaRA 9: 8)
(Blectrometallur&7) (Sulfur dioxide)

YLRFJWXO. K.I.; FOXONAREV, V.D.; STY&M, V.V.
Catalytic oxidation of sulfuric anhydrid@e by manganese salt
solutions: a) Adsorption and oxidation of sulfur dioxide by
manganese compounds. Izv.AN Kazakh. M Ser.khim. no.1:38-46
147. (nu 9: 8)
(Sulfur dioxide) (Nanganess)

PONOKLUV, V.D.; YERWMXO, M.F.; STENIMR. V.V.
I-IMMMWAVORAPOwe
Catalytic oxidation of sulfuric anbydride by manganese salt
solutions: b) Pilot-plant experiments in catalytic preparation of
sulfuric acid. Izv.AN Usakh.60 Ber.khIm. no.1;46-59 147.
(MA 9:8)
(Sulfuric acid industry)

PECEMRSILAYA. A.G.; STMKM9,-V-.VI;- YL&MINA, O.P.
Electrolytic extraction of copper from solutions after lixiviatIon.
Izv.AN lazakh.bhM Ser.khim. no.1:62-63 '47i (NLRL 9:8)
(Copper-BlectrometallArgy)

GARUVI, I.Ya.; STINMM, V.Y.
---, - - -
Lixiviation of manganese ores from the Dzhazdinski Basin. Izv-
AN Xazakh.SSR Ser.khim. no-1:74-102 147. (MLSA 9:8)
(Dzhezdinskii Basin-Asuganese ores)

STENUR, V.V. (Others not listed)
BlectriDV-tl*c' refining of nonferrous metals in sulfamic-acid salt
solutions. Izv.AN Kazakh.SR fier.khim. no.1:103-lo4 147.
(KLU 9: 8)
(Notallography) (Sulfamic acid)

PAVLOV, Ye.A.- STENDKR, V.V.
Preparation and properties of sulfamic acid. Izv.AN Lasakh.SSR
ser.khim. no.1:104-108 147. (XLRA 9;8)
(Sulfamic acid)

BUDON, V.D.; PAVLOV, Ye.A.; STIMM, V.V.
Blectrolytic refining of lead from sulfamic acid solutions. Izv.
AN Kazakh.SSR Ser.khia. no.1:108-112 147. (KLRL 9: 8)
(Lead-electrometallurgy) (Sulfamle acid)

LIOZNKR, N.D.; bTMNR, V.V.
Electrolytic refining of copper from aulfamic acid solutions. Izv.
AN Kazakh.SSR Ser.khIm. no.1:112-117 147. (MLRA 9:8)
(Copper--Electrometallurgy) (Sulfamic acid)

SALTOVSKAYA, L.A.; -STIMM, V.V.
M"WO-Ow
Electrolytic refining of silver from aulfamic acid solutions.
Izv.AN Kazakh.SM Ser.khim. no.1:117-121 147. (NLRA 9:8)
(Silver--glectrometallurg7) (&alfamic acid)

9 L_X _r, I[- I a ji F u it 1_1. A --I L P
00 A

Utilization of aWar diaxide In the DzhezkAMan Kazakh
SSA.
I IPYNIM- V. V; Stt"der (K;Azakh Mining Met,
lust
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j7 4le 6U.-It is suggested to utilize the SOt in the converter
Fzhatut Cams to prextuce cheaply dil. lfjS04. The aciff

00 is to be ttwd for leaching the sulfide tailings front the
'
00 I coneg. plant. thereby 9-0-619 alitivil. Cit. and fix
I
hi
I"
U
i

V cAc
n otc
P"w
ng
n imler to twoilukv C-fr v
00 X 4 Ain. The joultWe tallingA rontain 0.3% (if Cu. By using

j 1 a Iiq1tw:wAkf rati.) of 3:1 211.1 it v,111. C1111tv. llgiO. P)
and I1cjS0* 11) g. per I., flfk-@W'"v cif this Cu wa.,; recovered.
Thus, approx. 4 tons of the cheap acid will In ne"Ied fix

oo I ton of reci) vred Cu. The poor ore (9.6@, of Mn)
I
is treated in a
c
losed circuit to psaduce C-frce Ain. Chic
ton of Mn required are 12, linic 0.4. NII.Off 0.03, S(J@
0.6 ton, 11&0 34 cu. in., and 9W kw.-hrs. AL tlowh
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' of ate cadoo& poloratial in electrolytic pro.
14=1
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06 Sivitdcr, Applied Cheot. it' S-S R.? 20. 36 St I to 17, l
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M33 v. thj!t tin Fc (at "40"). the difference intreasing with
incteasing i-I. The lemp. co.11, incressei with c.d. fairly
tsl)ifmlliiy 1')t 2)) 3 cath'.1et, i.e. the slope @ 4 the E vi.
'
loll r.d. eurve ditninish" with rking tesup.: I
m W. lov.-
and W-Ni, tX., - 0.11k) and (UP95, 0.21415aml 0.1641. IIA.41
*
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Depolarization by sullur dioxide in the electiolytic
-so
00 Intuactionoilcopper (ruin sulfate solutiotta.
SO and 1. F. Ilawfit. .1. Applird Chem. tt'.S 5 11 1 It).
In[rodis"imi of A irt-mia s-I
*
@4 Xll
;@ Sol) thriltigh a cktunrl itt
r
r
00 -
olodr 1-folight about dri-Nalia.4tWil .11 111,
file lKwuu, -00
Allo,le Ue to 1@#' 1.1 %. , III tile cli-ttiolpis of CtISO' .4.1,
0 (33 S. Cull.) l%ith anodic c.d. Ilk), 200. and M011 amp.,
00 q. its., cathodiv c.d. 120, 240, and :Mk) amp /4q.in. 'rin,

fly @avinjrl up to 1.8-fohl. Rmighly ImIf
resulted in ene,
00 1.
of fit qN init-Itiml k oxidisni to Ill.- sv --mi.
...... I- '-% ke Ag. c1l. I'lle 1111l'twil W lite C
.mo,lc utmetiM, through tittvh. cminiblin1g, j,
. kg,/
LK-Cu. I tidu, I rial @alc a pplicat ion prewlits j lw ;wc)blvnl
00 -1 enrichment 4 tile initial Ilm to 6-1211, 50,. removal of I A90
00 -m1wnded nuitterlikely to pinglillithe pqwrj. andtliqpt"al
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VIXIFIYkh tistworov. Pub. Ulm-
so

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ties

DRACHEVSKAYA, R.K.; STENDER V.V.
Depolarization of chlorine by ethylene. Izv.AN Xazakh.SSR. Ser.
khim.no.2:20-22 148. (MLRA 9:7)
(Chlorine) (Ethylene) (Depolarization)

PECHERSKAYA, A.G.;,STENEER, V.vl,,,..
Cathode potentials in the preparation of hydrogen. Izv.AN Kazakh.SSR
Ser.khim.no.2:23-31 148- WRA 9:7)
(Hydrogen) (19lectroplating)

KORCffMARKK, I.A.; STEIIIIWR, V.V.
Preparation of copper from residues of ore-dressing plants. Izv.
AN Kazakh.S;5R Ser.khim. no.2:32-42 48. (MLRA 9:7)
(Korchmarek, I.A.) (Stender, Y.Y.)

GLRKAV 1, 1. Ya. ; STMM, V. T.
MG@g@;.
Components of the voltage balance in the electrolysis of manganous
sulfate. Izv.AN Uzakh.SSR Ser.khim. no.3:44-54 149. (mLRL 9:8)
(Manganese-Alectrometallurgy)

FACHIUKAU, A.G. -, DURNOVO, I.G.; @S ffAmIn
Potentials of lead and lead-silver anodes during electrolysis of
aqueous solut9ons of zinc sulfate. Izv.AII Xazakh.SW Ser.khim. no.3:
55-61 149. (MLRA 9:8)
(Electrodes. Lead) (Zinc sulfate)

G.ark.iti ..,III V II'.5twilty (Arad. "wi. K.aakh S S.14-1-
Zhar. Priblid, Kkim. (J. Applicd (:twill.) 23. 999-0101
(10)).-Thi- 0--ctrolyte, 4-M) C.A. Mrs in tile form "I
loll) INO C."L. Sfk, 11.2 K. L. pit '21 S,
"a" into Ith. cithfult stiti-C. zind frinn thmilgh @.
di.pblra gist, inw ihl- anoiiv canitsirtnient: thi, milicoms;
annivir fm@ the rmnint. NIn 10-20, 4N)101@41. 111W
I i,41. 2ii-N) X, 1. (Iin 4n At toill v-athotlc, the ILI Il L V 'I
C. mi-r"'ary foe live 6-jW*.1tion of Mn to Iii-gin im-re-j-
I, thi, grrttvr IN hixh@r the tt-niti. No tn-th %it,
dclici,11, virre Obr.lirwd at high pit. lilow I, it%- ir-athoil,
1W,irlitial, ifilcluttv; the jumps mill hirrak, Let- J-ddv
shu. tip r%olutiort ot )it jurdy oil At. txirtly oil %tit which
ill thi, trgion nciv N- Orjm@ilrd irikimill-irilY, niviv to Ile,
Ih@mikvd %vry r.,pid1v. Cahoule poletmal. , am a finr.ar
-fill wtion of I he h-4 Of iik- I-A.. I -a + h log 1. with "Nfrl'-
,,9. h - 11,:14. 1.4-. aliout twice vt@ high A, rtornul.
Atowtv Isdential, ima gmar Ph anml- srr if-o rrprvm-ut,d
1tv Tafi,!'@ rtimillon. with b - ll-=' I, isciisM h - 41-17
Ill I JW jj"Ijrk@ j Nfn * , jon, 1111 I'll-Ag I V , @ micv)-.
ih, jvjblr@ of mr Mts I'll'i 11 141. fr,p
I-V .11- 1, th-' an-te twil"till"j, ..Ir J.v 1' 0.'.
in t 1,
I--- h,,,i m, Inue Vb, --oo-clurnitv. Own- I,
tit th, It- ,( Ph-Ar ( V , I mi-jr, jr.411"r th.'r,
pisre Ph on . hs, h *%III(). i, Iorin-) more tv..,biv. 'I III
0."'. olid. of It) -111- of dectc.l- .1th m-
virramlig 74111t. 1.1 NIIIS, ),. "" Illir 1" .1 vi,cnll v -ff,-- I ; I hv
'+"L IV" ('if Vi'-q"jtV '%Jill tjWrI.l.mj
'Int - (I( MIN ),@ \ j,hun

11111"VII(V M linpulitlitic its The loftlotjoj.@Sifi I of fillf:
(F.411 clulta(v moltdiouss. A- 0@ l1r. hri,kjl-,i aml V 16
.i
N-al Y). Appl)ml Cliew.) 23. W14 15@19.A))-In sit
imlln.. (;(I K. Zn M5 Zm%). and 1011 IC. (I" Ilw1;O,q., i()fj@ ,I
ITICULN fflure I.K. th-im z1f, luch ;I- %*@A, NIX. or Al, itl--w
tlie olf.ago V, r c Ill cl.A. .,I NIX I I itjrrr,j@ J* )IV 0 1.1' 1,-
I - jl,@fo- tile oftetsiv pt 1, 111 fly Thr ..I,
fe'll olln I I. l-,r-I it ...... :1 1 ... . ...... 11.,11 .... I. I it,,- I.", r."
foIc. .1 ItIo Mit , - wt". m tile amt,. :1. it.
if. L. I-rt (fit current ritivicovy flout 01.40 t'..
'VIVS). aml ?M@11 % (at 2W), doubtlm.Ay through il@:
I@ofariwion of It di@chwge at the c-.4thode by higher Mn
ori,les formed at the anoile. Tice efforts of kmts of mccA,
more elecil'"Irg, than Zn oil file nitho,le J.,lentiali of Zn
%rIC jjjVC%tig.Ltcj in flute 2 @V iIWS()j(IOU in the AIK)VC
461 Z104)" att'l ill a new-fleutril Solls. oI Zri.S04 voflt.@
Zu 611 x. L. 1,11 Ift.3-5.5. Without impurifics, Ilse
E i'l tile wld Z-ISO. %-in. fit twtWern ttlt.@ i!l I'll!, I
'It /o"4)4; (lie Cuffetif C.0"L In.";
file I- Well Willi t1le Irj,).I*, On.obill.
I,( till l"I"vi 1"11,6 Sill, CIIl*, cli", tkii'l *,bl*l in milt,
IfI.tu I it# I Ill I., 90thIcillIft lisSO.-WIll., the values of h.,
ri-e (1.-c,@mr Ir,i clog.) all tile imi. of The impurity JlWrrw@rs;
C. it.. At till CA i - 4(911 astiln-' I Ill.. at ;V)*, %ith -,'p .
0, 1. d. W. Ill', ruct.A.. - 11. I.IVI. 1.(?2 to.-oI a.-.1
0 7 Z V, I h, I I %,Ao I . ..... I ilh the al@ll. "islil"
I.-kS. tO.W., 0 St. 41.7.9 ir. I'lle
,,1 1, ai;d lo.: s k presfrrv@l. Thi4 1,J) of E indie.it" ill,
Imp"IfIv. Ila, I- Ih,
elli.,tc... V ... It, mccri-CA A-r ltsfll'@, op to I.ItNo", ..Ih
llll@ euxtrul ClUlomy to-
114) $fix, 1. of lilt sulpoltly, Tht
LITAWS nith iMca%ing CA. S ICAtIll to tile CUIVICIIIASIM
tlut tile will. of Zu is due to short-circuited kwAl ektuent@
ill c0lich zIl 6 the sol. arclAr. Sistlerlwaition of a cath'Aw
-c -twil a cell reprm" the amulle tt,-In
A III the 1,.A,t. of Uf-k, th, activity .4 fill !,,,.
I@ ... it V 1@.- -Ih I I., -lf, A /.I 41c."Ild l" it,.
-6-1 Nh. t"'l, k,." "st. tilt witall tiolf@ , fit.
onl@t 1. 01. N,, -[b )@,jze atuts.. Cc., C,t. @Ni-
Ni. Him m,,m,%,trn,:v ii jimtWly expLisjurd by in@MG,-;-
I the surfa@t ,f (lie Zn alter electrolysis of U&SO. in ti!e
presence of tile impurities: Cc is distributed on the surface
In di-curte chitnj,4, Ni AmiewhAt move uniformly. Cu vcr@
uniformly, %Olt-tv.44 mill Sit Is.infly any chAuge in th@ ap-
petrailre If thr @,,Igilml 711 surface is visible. Nor is there
complete agr"melit twtween the overvoltagrS Isn't the
-crit. CA.- If d"I.nitioll of zn. i.e. the c.d. at whi, h
... I of Zu I,r;ins ill be notictrable on A sn",119
SuffAke of it f-It'iKII 11irt'll. 'I lie elicit. vidues of thlis 431f,
C-,,-. in file ticid 1,1SO ), VIC"trulyte, at 2W. have bocci deld.
to., "is Cu it) -li", 61) iAl, Co 50-ik). Ni Itlill-Act), Ft
At 80 citup./sti.m. Those detits. am cortsideml to be more
reliable th.in thed.ita of Tainton (CA. 16. 2XO); 23. 1442).
it, tile Acid Z31. A). as ill 119;0" of the Z" Ilecom"
dectirtuillilly notc. and -IeVfcw1lxfy dependent %,it tile CA.,
tile AMC It lilt ulliltittly kill ititfr3WS. FILM1191111,
with 0. 1. 5, 10. 110 A file furvign ion. art. at 411fi
unips./,cf.m.. %ith Ni. ki-xi, O-W. (j.S5, U.St. o.73 @_-. Co.
0.89. 0..", 0.1141. 0 -., Co. OSV, -, 0..W. 0.." 1. 0-st;
V). O.K.J. to 7.4. 0.70, 0-7S v. Tilt current cilwiriitivn
Ill Aitakill Ull With V.d. &if,[ c-Act tit pr@ter
hall too"*;. Tile 12411111141 effect A the it"l-rilles on the
t

i,wl.f 1.1 Zia .@Ikl I,t, comit,ole,-I all, III, tum- .I high r k. All@
other -tv of raimus the )i,l,l 0 Zia i@ l1w %sw -I I i,
,lit It As Ifir dir atelatill Which inctetsc like twervult.viar itil 11,
M-@t ;Ictive "till rr.IKt to otoln. of Zri.
m-t jorimew.4 fair the olclu"iti,m of Zia. I, M, m, ac""j-
-)f it% lww 11 ovi-rvoluxe. Co i@ less ictive NO oil @ir-
-tild of it, 'Illmhat higher It overvultage and Ali tile
l,t.:h I-Ltfixttiort oI it. feillniijuii (all /it. Cal ILt- u hirh U
1,121 is drj.@heil ml Zia willa"111 maimll'unt
tt-l i3isiforinly. ;I,, J-pile it, mucls hitb-
rr. s, tn't. It it re Ictivr Illml Cu. f-m1w If
life '.6- ."d vvcy Itiall tififforttlity 4 1(@ dul-if it 7."
,lilh twhi'll it 1-1@ i-ho,mmully. N. I'll"ll

Potentials of The vmlvt;on of by4nwvs In geld solva"s.
A@ 0. lWbrf%kAY3 Milli V. k% '* . litfills.
CIAllef (Kaulill,kil N
74fr. Ki Khm 24. KNI 11
I IOUI). 41w Ifir evolulitut #I( If frimia 1 2 N
@4)111. of IVA),al I.S. at V@ if-, 14 111 @.Nkkl foup./.1, m Im
tk- mWN I'll. 71t, U-, Al. Sti, C-1, Co. 'N' Ca% F". M'f'
At. Co. Ni. W.mul R@ %%I rr dvid. Rad W. 114"wrt-I

Veit.
fay.4114. N.-ah ';..it S@ R 73. Kit 1 IWO). Fe Cath*Ar I.,
Itutials Jut fri,ijutioll of Ill, ill %ohl, .I NaOil IM i NXI
IN) pit A)", at 11:4) m.. rtr hifie.1 bv 11 2
U.4 v. to ismiste pact, valu" by cicating wills W-Ni A, [tic
caAW4 dial not chasip the surface wea sit the cathil-Ir. the
effect Is attributed to its greater catalytic action as mupsied
with Fir. Typical CaWySt 11c,161fill, SUCh 4S I Itflcitil or juit-
face-active Ptit"tatteec, coctifteract the loweiring of the 1W,-
tentisit. utor, so cut W..Ni (ItAis oil Fir. The cffvt k imt of.
mimable utulki, itultialtial cundi(iibm owbut fit the pirwittv %if
catitlyst-pol,oicing Illiptifitic% its the Will I'l Ill tile
Th"it
T

a<OVSKAYA, L.A.; STFXM. V.V.
..
Rate of lixiviating copper from copper minerals. Izv.AN Kazakh.
SSR.Ser.khim. no.4:90-96 151. (KLRA 9:5)
(Copper ores)

?,ism
310-T. Stability of Lt,&d and lAvd-
Alloy AstAft Oudag t2retrulysto of
Kalfatv Molutiolm (in Itussian.) C;
Z. Kitiftktjv and V, V. litepiler. Zku,-
Plal Priltbldsoi KAIMU, V. It. vec. 1951.
126&1273.
Numerous 11b alloys were evalu-
ated as anodes. An alloy contain.
ing 99.1111%, Pb, 1.0% AS. 0.3%. Sn.
and 0.02% Cc showed the smallest
weight to". Effects of current den-
'Ity, temperature. and other factors
.ere also Investigated. Tables anti
graphs. 20 ret. MR. P15. Pb)

STENDER., V. V.
USSR/Chemistry - 41tctrolyals Dec@51_
"Stability of Anodes of Lead and Its Alloys-Under
j Electrolysis of Sulfuric Acid Solutions," G. S.
Kirlyakov, V. V. Stender
"Zhur Prik Khid' Vol XXV, No 12, pp 1263-1273
In search for most stable Pb alloy anodes for
electrolysis of @2SO solns studied performance
of Pb anodes contg @"ts of Ag, Tl, Te, Se, Bi,
Ca, Au, Hg, As, Ba, Sr, Sn, and Co. Most stable
was Pb-Ag-Sn-Co alloy. Discusses effects of dif-
ferent admixts on performance of anodes.

STaIDER' ,r.
heMic Abst'
G al
Vol. 48 No. 5
1954
Mar. 10, and Metallography
Metallurgy
The rate of ea!V!g out of "oVer Irorn copper rMnerELL9
L. A. Saltovskiya and V. V. Ien e -Is as
-e,,I. A kad. ujI
--'Sef.-KIrtPrNo. 4, "19,1
i Karakh. S.S. R*. No. 101,
The rate of leaching of 3 sulfide and 4 oxide Cu minerals
with agitation at room temp. was detd. The carbonate
sulfate, and silicate minerals show rapid leaching, whil@.
tile phosphate material is slowest. The process gives a
logatithillic time curve. Extu. of sulfide minerals with I
acid soln. of Fcj(SO4)j is touch slower than the aq. H:60ji
extri. of tile oxide minerals. 0. M. Kosolapc@@,

STENDER, V-
Metallurgical-Ast.
'Oli 21 ft 1954
ElectiometOLIlurgy and Electrochemistry
(IL) *AMdLWMUWL I IN ,M'Sit ,It its' 'AHOYS. /14. Z.0
jjir'vIko andvV-14111the4ner (31ur.-JWkIad.
25..(1). 23-29 TH-RMRSWrm.'P.-4ppI;-Chcm. U.S.S.R., 19.1,11
(1), .25-31 (in. English)).-To inTestigate relation
between the stability of the ancide (cf. (I.);, piticeding ab-
street) and'its potential @, K. and S. nicasured @ (11%'COIZI jUrison
with Hg2O half cells) in OX-H.SO41 for pure Pb. Air. TI, --innoth
Pt, and the following alloys (conitin. in OI)L 111@4-0 Ag;
Ph-1-0 An; Pb-1-0 Hg; Pb-0-5 Ag coittg. %A 0-1, Mi 1-0, Sn
1-0, or Sr 1.0; Pb-I-O.Ag-1-0 Ca; llb-1-0 Ag.-2-0 Tf; Pb-1-0
Ag-0-1 M-0-1 Ba; and Pb-1-0 Ag-0-3 Sn-0-02 Co. To
avoid botiudary effects, the anodes were franted in synthetic
resiti,titeivorkiiigtitirfacebeitig2-1:lr)ciii.2. Owas.nIcasured
at 25' ' 50', and 71S* C., c.d. (D ') .50-5000 anip.jin.2. All the'
Pb anodes were given a preliminary polarization in
at 400 amp./m.2, Home for it week. Sonto titstamere mado
with addn. of Cl- JIOO nig.ji.), (4000 nig.11.), and Col@
(15 and 100 ing.13.) to the electrolyte. The V11.111tiq Ur
obtained are tabulated and shown graphically. TI mhowed
passivity only at high c.d. (the higher the temp., the ,rv;tt(-r
the c.d. at which this happens). With Ag, PL, Mir and
alloys, O,cc log D.. For Ph alloys which are inore (It-i)
stable than pure @b, 0 is wore negative (pnAtivv) litall
thus, h very negative. ArL-k. and ON.-U. very
itive. 'he abs. values of the tenip. @ocil'. ofrk are lower
Orr the inore stable anode alloys. Thick protective filins
on anodes contg. Bar Sr, As, and Sn had pTutica)ly no effevt
o presence of Cl- or C63+ ions it% the electrolyte
Cw all anodes, but lpfro@ has little offert. CI - ions
hsve@ag depamiyating affect on Vb-Ait Thii
action of Co in lowerinj 0 and raising the stabililv 4anothibi
in sticibuted to the oxidation of Cos@ ions (derivvd Front Lhe
voln. or the anode) to higher-valency compounds, which are-
then deemponed catalytically at other phints on t lie. bilit
pneqjs surface, which in considered to

STENDER, V. V.
USSR/Chemistry - 21setrolysis Jan 52
"Binary Electrochemical Systems Composed of Lead
and an Alloying Admixture to It," G. Z. Kirlyakov,
V. V. Stender, Inst of Chem Sci, Acad Sci Kazakh
SSR
"Zhur Prik KhW Vol MI, No 1, PP 30-38
Examd electrochem mechanism by which certain al-
loying admixts in binary alloys with Fb protect Fb
from-corrosion under anodic polarization in H2SO4
solne. Found that'Ag, Tl, and Co protect Pb from
corrosion, Ca and other electroneg admixts have
only temporary effect, while Au and Hg even promote
corrosion. Uplains mechanisms in cases of diffev-
ent allovs. PnFm*Ao

'Nil I
AAlkali-Metid Sep3riLtion'Potefitials and Cu'nent Yield in
a ATerdury Cathode. L. N. L. A.
Mftto@'V.U'.. lt"nd V. V. Stender (A-u-r.-Pr-77-, =.inj., I Ona;
-"S7r-yT,-AX M-'9 OilliFi-m-MMI'Appl. Chems. U.S.N.A., 1953,,
26, (2), 137-144 (in Engli6h))--Tha potential of the Hg
cathodo In eleurolytiis of aq
q. soln. of LiCl and NuCl iim deter-
Inined witbin the 'followhig nuiga. o.d. 5004000 AMP./III.11
temp. 30145* C., amalpin concentratiaim up to 0-33% for
Na and up to 0,05% for L1, Tho.mAln ivoAon for outhodia
iolarizittion was found to be slow diffusion of the aDWi metal
om the sarfAvo Into the amalpra, The cathode potential
K
WU JlOt 110OArly 110POCIOIA OT; 1OK (OA), end & WtUtlng VOrW41
Jig cathotto gavo almimt the immd valuov u a horWntol
cathode. The corwnt offivionalas over the abovo
conditions (tainp. up to woro ali* datorinlotwit 1111 -11
c.d. suppm-j" the d1swIlution of n1kAll metal frona R1 a
anialgam V., E. T.

US S RIO
@tmlyvlg of goats in --U-. V.7
Zkuf,..PriW Kkim. 27
.1 Z. (" .../Vi
and H,-SO4 (IOD-200 &/I.),aad thetemp. (30-70!) on the
cathodic potential q and the current efficiency e of Za dep-
caltion at different CAI. i (up to 10,OW iuap./sq. m.) was
de(d. w was detd. by the evolution of H. v lacreased,
(current efficiencies for H decreased) with i In win. couts.
60 /1. Zu and with Zu" la Saint. coutc, 100 WA WO C-A-
H:U,..4i,.W.b=1001.3WO.p./.,q,.. Merged
of Zn * + coness. was more pronounced up to 100 vap./sq m.
mind becam nqoWbit as i Increased. H4her cuum. of
decrease' v; the effect of the latter re-
@M4 Zg@@
$ *WvC --=W amp./Sqmm.. nXIM so with
.2W thm With 100 9-A- U-SO4- q VOW linearly W141, i
0. amp./m.m. and @me-
NW" ropod. th
coum, of HA04 MW ZQ++ and tetups. The
teLnp. was more pronounced at NO i &W that of Zu
at. low i. 1. Mencowitz

''v
V
Subject USSR/Chemistry
Card 1/1 Pub. 152 - 6119
AID P - 2261
Authors Turomshina, U. F. and V. V. Stender
Title Current efficiency and cathodic potentials in the
electrolysis of zinc sulfate solutions in the presence
of ions of metals more electronegative than zinc.
Part II.
Periodical: Zhur. prikl. Ichim., 28, no.2, 166-174, 1955
Abstract Addition of sodium, calcium, magnesium, and manga-
nese ions resulted in decreasing the current
efficiency (determined by evolution of hydrogen).
Nine diagrams, 22 references (21 Russian: 1933-54)
Institution: Institute of Chemical Sciences of the Academy of Sciences
of the Kazakhskaya SSR
Submitted Jl 18, 1953

I -T
Subject USSR/Chemistry AID P - 2266
Card 1/1 Pub. 152 - 13/19
Authors Stender, V. V.
Title The anode problem in electrolysis
Periodical: Zhur. prikl. khim., 28, no.2, 212,123, 1955
Abstract Suggestions are made for cutting the loss of electric
energy by changing the material of the anode or Its
construction.
Inst1tutiong Dnepropetrovsk Institute of Chemical Technology
Submitted : il 6, 1953

AID F - 2776
Subject USSR/Chemistry
Card 1/2 Pub. 152 - 4/19
Authors Turomshina, U. F. and V. V. Stender
Title Current efficiency and cathodic potentials during the
electrolysis of zinc sulfate solutions in the presence
of ions of metals more electropositive than zinc.
Part III.
Periodical Zhur. prikl. khim. 28, 4, 372-387, 1955
Abatract The effect of the ions of mercury, lead, cadmium,
copper, arsenic, antimony, germanium, Iron, cobalt,
and nickel on the current efficiency was studied.
The electrolysis was carried out at 30, 50 and
700C. The experiments are described In detail.
Fourteen diagrams, 41 references (27 Russian:
1933-1955).

" Zhur. prikl. khim. 28, 4, 372-387, 1955 AID P - 2776
Card 2/2 Pub. 152 - 4/19
Institution : Institute of Chemical Sciences of the Academy of
Sciences of the Kazakh SSR.
Submitted F 23, 1954

AID P - 3418
Subject USSR/Chemistry
Card 1/2 Pub. 152 - 3/18
Authors Turomshina, U. F. and V. V. Stender
Title The combined effect of additives during the electrol-
ysis of zinc sulfate solutions
Periodical Zhur. prikl. khim., 28, 5, 467-474, 1955
Abstract Various additives were added to the standard
electrolyte containing 60 g Zn and 100 g H2SO4 per
liter. The effect of a single additive and the
combined effect of two additives on the current
efficiency of hydrogen were studied and the data
compiled in tables. The sum of the added effects
of two additives may be higher or lower than the
combined effect of the mixture. The positive
difference was compared with promoter action, and
the negative difference with catalytic poisoning.
Three tables, 9 references, all Russian (1945-1955).

SuNDER, T.V.
,@C
Ways to develop electrolysis in industr7. Vest.AN Kazakh.SER 12
no.3:11-17 Ur '56. (K12A 9--7)
1.Chl.Bn-korrespondent Akademii nauk Z%zSSR.
(Electrolysis)

f
s
_jw,9A porous e ectrodes. 0, S_ Keen-
rklicle suld V@ V. Stender (Cl:ctij:, Tech. InAt.@ Dileprope-
vsk).. Vatrad uh T.S.S.R. 107, 280-B(1966
ro
t
t
-The Inner surfa, ormii elictrodes participates hon-
uniformly Ja the electrode proceise.-i, which extend inward
into the clectrodrs, UT14 gniflually fltdc out tit some depth i
110 'b",It,
because of tho elcctrolyte re�lsta@ce effects Wide the pores.'
Some new. considerations of thecurrent distribution were
discussed. An equation @ was derived fo@ the current- dis-
UWtitiah'and curves were caled.1or the potential distribu-
in-, nunifonalty of potenLU distribution
dept Theno
Increased with larger outside polarizatlon@ and the dis-.
charge proceeded principally W the "ace layer,, the
thickness of which was smallcratlowerc.d. Thathickness
6 of that layer In which some c.d. was stiH observed wid was
A.&-.A _. t.. .1 .... -1 It-

RATINA, N.F.; KOZLE)VSKIY. M.T.; STRNDMR, V.V.
Lead anode destruction in the electrolysis of sulfite vo1utionsjj*l,.-
AN SSSR 111 no.2:404-4o6 N '56. (MMA 10: 1)
11 Dnepropetravokiy khimiko-tekhnolagicheekly iptitut imani F.B.
Dzerzhinakogo. Predatmvleno Almdemikom S.I.'Vol fkovichem.
(Electrodes) (Lend-Blectrometallurgy)

'
@
A
e Alkali meth
h
d.
of -nal-
Vestaik Mad. Maak'
NasaIr.-MV7
1957),The inhibition
f
period of Zn-sponge-formation on a-revolving cylindrical
steel cathode (Ni anode) is reduced as the c.d.. r.p.m., CWCU.
of zincate In the electrolyte, and teinp. are decreased and as
the concu. of free alkali Is Increased. The c.d. of the limit.
ing current (It evoluiion) with revolving cylinders or disks Is
.close to the callied. values, but Inithil aponge formation, a
. after electrolysis Is started. is ttt '&-1/i of the c.d.
few win
-
of h. _* niting current. The.current efficiency of U-sponge
formadua on a revolving IQ ckliadtir-(Za does not adhcrz to
Mg ad the overvoltigeof R in A. solils., is highd) intream
with the r p.m. and the teinp. and decreasies as thi ionc6. OU
_.
Zn d fr4
an alkali in the electrolyte increases. f. B.

AT-711-
10 IS '7 T-,i rA SL ad V,V-,
M,:D, a
iert'S Of
T E P j
TITil itam zin-ate solut---ons', .-,effi
f S
diffusi-in, [e-mail]-L-ry -,nd density, @Sv,)ystva
1@ o e C f @j k- s iffu 7ko t i
t,@@ -
ey d
Plo t' ro-"'3 t
P@?,:-:J07'@JC,IT 'an Journal
ing'
Ktlml rieski f, Z fifi. ,nl 11 (Uk" in.@
-Apr- -'I ,1957)
A
Pp@200--'@C`i7 (USSR),
A7-','ST-IC.-@"T.Varirjus me-,,ecDds, @Lai.,e baea des@.ribed in ii@,eratuTa for the
determ,fnet@Loa o`@ tLe above The optic-al
Mettiod deTj e:j by K,V,Chmut@,v and 1-Ya.Slonim (Ref,6:
K. . V @ C fim U'I'-
and I.Ya.Slonim, the
@diffr,rjc- 1@ ic.-a metiaod described by Ya,P,GckI1qhtein (Re--P.72
1-918) Vol,227 871 and 1952,
Vol ";-'@:,2224,33C) and. otitner met1iods are critil-ally examined.
T'llie autnDrs d-@-termdned tiae coeffi.-dents of diffusion on a
rotatin@, dls-@ ele,7trode whi,-h tiad porous diaphxagms with
str@ji,-,Eit channels. Tliey -used au equ8tion expressing tLe
linit curren'. on tlie rotatinS disc electrod;-- and discuss
,@ie parti-alar- case of electroplating of metals, The
Card 1/3 fc-r this puricse is desc-ribei In detail and
iilu.@@Ir;@Ltea in FiF.I. T@Le d-epezideace of the ele-t-rode

T3-2-9/22
Properties of sodium zincate solut-ions: coefficients of
diffusion, viscosity and density. (Cont.)
Potential of 0.05 mol.sodium zincate and the log of the
current density at various speeds of rotation of the
electrode is given in Diagram 2. The diffusion coeffic-
ients of zinca-4--e ions calculated by the above mentioned
formula are tabulated (Table I'). The obtained experimental
@ralues for the diffusion coefficients for various concen-
trations of zinc and free alkali in the solution are in-
dicated in Diagrams 4 and 5 It can be seen (Diagram 5)
that the coefficients decrease with increasing alkali
concentration. This is demonstrated by the increasing
-L
v'scosity. During the electrolysis of zincate containing
30 g1l zinc and free alkali (in one case 120 g/l, in the
second case 480 g/1) the limit current should decrease in
the same proportion as the diffusion coefficient, i.e.
4.8 fold. This was proved by carrying out practical ex-
periments. The viscosity of the solution was determined
with an Ostwald viscosimeter and values obtained are
slaown in Diagrams 6 and 7. The density of the sodium
zincate solution is determined in relation to the density

73-2-9/22
Properties of sodium zincate solutions: coefficients of
diffusion@ viscosity and density. (Cont.)
ot' water. (Diagrams 8 and 9).
There are 2 drawings, 7 diagrams, 1 table, and 16
references, 12 of which are Slavic.
A 11 .
',SSO'L',.TION: Dnepropetrovsk Chemical Technology Institute.
(Dnepropetrovskiy Ehimiko-tekhnologicheskiy Institut),
SUBMITTED: September 15, 1956.
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Caxa 3/ 3

73-3-6/24
@UIBWR: Zholudev, M. D. and Ste@@e;,,--V. V.
'2ITLE: Potentials of Hydrogen Evolution from Alkalis with
Increased Currezt Denfity. (Potentsialy Yydeleniya
Vodoroda iz Rastvorov Shchelochey Pri Povyshennykh
Plotnostyakh Toka)
PERIODICAL: Ukrainskiy Khimicheskiy Zhurnal,, 1957, Vol. 23., No. 3,
pp. 322-324 (USSR).
ABSTRACT: The potentials of hydrogen evolution of 9 metals (Mg, Zn,
Pb, Snt Cd, Grj Sbj Ca anj Al) wep measured by the direct
compensation method at 22 1G + 9.2'C at a current density
interval of 107-" to 4.10 a/c-m . These data are required
for the calculation of the intensity in the bath, for
the investigation of conditions of the discharge of metal
ions together with the H-ions,, etc. when calculating the
electrolysis of alkaline solutions. 6 N and 0.6 N NaOH
solutions (chemically pure) were used as electrolytes.
All metals were used in the shape of discs as cathodes
which were previously polarised in the iga!bed solution
for 1 hour at a current density of 400 D/P@e Measurements
were cafried out in an open vessel, the electrodes being
Card 1/2 at a distance of Go mm. Results are tabulated in Table 1.

ALJTHOR: Kalinovskiylye, A. and Stender, V. V.
TITLE: Electrolysis of Zinc Chloride Solutions. (Elektroliz
Rastvorov Khloristogo Tsinka)
PruiIODICAL: Ukrainskiy Khimicheskiy Zhuimal, 1957, Vol. 23, No-3,
PP. 384-390 (USSR).
ABSTRACT: Contemporary comm rcial method,s of preparing zinc by
electrolysis have several drawbacks: the anode is made
of lead and of its alloys which are not of suitable quality
and are expensive; the anode product (oxygen) is not
utilised; the cathodic zinc is peeled off by hand from the
aluminium cathodes. The authors investigated the influence
of various factors on the current efficiency and the
quality of the cathode deposit during the electrolysis of
zinc chloride solutions. A diagram of the apparatus used
in the experiment is shoyu in figure 1. The volume of
hydrogen liberated on the cathode during a given time is
measured and the cur:cent efficiency is calculated. The
dif ference between 10011o and the yield of hydrogen in %
gives the yield of zinc (in %). It is shown that the
corrosion of the cathode progresses at a greater rate than
the separation of the zinc on the cathode. The effect of
Caid 1/3 the concentration of H01 was investigated in the electrolyte
Wa 8 J;a --loz j.,t. ea.
PX*O.P Yt- . ke12 as a( 'Ve a a
e 1(@a ot t4et-he Xactezistic
Zizc (je
-Poal t

i IV
70-2-27/43
AT71HORSt Selivanov, V. G. Stender, V. V.
TITLEt The Thermal Analysis of the Systems KF-KBF and HaF-YaBF 4
i NaF
(Termicheskiy analiz sistem KF-KBF 4 1 -iaBF 4
PERIODICAL% Zhurnal Neorganichosko:f Khimii, 1958, Vol-3, Nr 2, PP-447-440
(USSR)
ABSTRAM The ternary systems of KF-KBF and NaF-11aBF were investigat-
ed by thermal analysis. The i9vestigations 9f the cooling
curves were performed by automatic galvanometers of the type
SG. The system KF-KBF has a simple eutectic, and the eutec-
tic meltin- point witg a composition of kT - 80,5 @4 and
0 0
KBF - 19,5 @* lies near 410 C. '27he system NaF-JTaBF also has
a si mple eutectic and the eutectic melt of NaF - 26,5 % and
NaBF - 37,4 % lies at 3040C. The nature of the liquidus
curvi in the systems KF-KBF 4 and NaF-NaBP does not indicate
that a thermal dissociation of KBF and N4BF occurs. 1TaBF
is less stable. It was exDerimentaily determined that th e 4
thermal and chemical stability of a fluorborate melt increa-
Card 1/2 ses with increasin,,,- content of KF and NaF. The melts with

The Thermal Analysis of t-he Systems KF-KBF A and ITaF-ITaBF4
78-2-27/43
eutectic COMP03ition were also subjected to an electrolysis,
where elementary boron is precipitated at the cathode, but
where with a prolongation of the electrolytic process ano-
U
dic effects occur. There are 2 figures, 2 tables, and 8 re-
ferences, 5 ofwhich are Slavic.
ASSOCIATIONt Dnepropetrovsk Chemical-technological Institute
Pnepropetrovskiy 1chimiko-tekhnologicheskiy institut)
SUBMITTEDt April 24, 1957
AVAILABLEs Library of Congress
Card 2/2

STEMIN1.1, V.Y., prof.
i"Clustrial electrolysis of aqueous solutions. K11-im. nauim j prom.
3 no.4:418-423 '58. (IfIRA, 11:10)
(Electrolysis)

STUDER, V.V.; VARIVODA, Ye.A.
Electric conductivity of zinc chloride solutions. Trudy
IKHTI no.6:208-215 '58. (MIRA 13:11)
(Zinc chloride--Electric properties)

NIKIPROV, A.F.; STENDER, V.V.
Obtaining zinc by tho. electrolysis of Ito chloride. Vest.AH Kazukh.SSR
14 no.10:42-48 0 159. (MIRA ll.*12)
(Zinc-Blectrometallura)

ZIIOLIJDF,V, M.D.; STENDBR, V.V.
Cathodic polarization during electrolysis of zincate solutions. Ukr-
kbim, zhur. 24 no.5:570-574 ' 58. (MIRA 12:1)
1. Dnepropetrovskiy kbimiko-tekhnologicbeskiy institut.
(Zincates) (Polarization k3lectricity))

ZFULUDEV, 14.D.;,STF,'IDPR, VS. -- -
Affnct of Impuritl^m and adnIxtures on mlectrolyals of aodlun
zincatm solutions. Zhur, prikl. khim. 31 no.7:1036-1039
Jl 158. (MIRA 11:9)
1. DnnDropetrovskiy k1hIrqIko-tmkhnoloeicheakiy institut.
(Electroly-Ris) - (Sodium zincatma)

ZHOLUIXV. M.D.; STEITIM, V.V.
Overvoltage in the liberation of hydrogen from alkaline solutiollm.
Zhur. prikl. khim. v. 31 no.5:719-723 X7 '58. (MIRA 11:6)
I.Dnepropetrovskiy khimiko-tekhnologicheakir institut.
(Hydrogen) (Overvoltage)

SALIN, A.A., kand.tekhn.neuk; SYROYESHKIN. M.Ye., inzh.; STREM, Y.T..
prof., dektor, nauchnyy red.; ARKHANGBIISKAYA, H.S., red.izd-va;
PBTKNR, S.7a., red.; MIXHAnOVA. V.T., takhn.red.
[Blectrolysin of zinc sulfate) Blektroliz sernskielop
tainka. Pod red. V.V.Standera. Moskva, Gos.nauchno-tekhn.
izd-ve lit-ry pe chermoi i tovetnol metallurgii, 1959. 184 p.
(mm 12:6)
1. Chlen-korrespondent AN KazSSR (for Stender).
(Blectrolysis) (Zinc-Aetallurgy) I

5W PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/2216
SovashchaniYo po alaktrokhimii. 4th, Peace-, 1956.
?rudy...1 labornikl (Transactions of the Fourth Conr*rdnce on Elect-
rochemistry; Collection of Articles) Moscow, Izd-vo AN SSSE,"
1959. 868 9. Errata lip Inserted. 2 500 copicakprinted.
miya nauk SSSR. tde n1yo hlmicheskikh
Sponsoring Agencyt Akad:
nauk,
Editorial Board: A.M. Frumkin (Kemp. Ed.) Academician, O.Aj Y' $in,
Professor-, 3.1. Zhdanov (Rasp. Secretary), B.N. Kabanov , ro-
famaor, S.I. Zhdanov (Reap. See re tary)., B.N. Kabanov, Professor@
Ys . M. Kolotyrkin, Doctor of Chemical Science3l V,V. Losev, P.D.
Lukovtaev. Professorl Z.A. Solov'yeva. V V. Stander, Professor-,
and G.M. Florlanovich; Ed. of Publishing Houdei N.G. Yogorov;
Tech. gd.s T.A. Prusakova.
PURPOSE; This book in Intended for chemical and lactrical engi-
neers, physicists. metallurgists and resear cher: in tereated in
vArinuft asoacts of electrochemistry.
OVERAGE9 The book contains 127 of the 11,8 reports presented at
the Fourth Conference On Electrochemistry sponsored by the Depar t
ment of ChoMIcal Sciences and the Institute of Physical Chemistry
Academy or sciences, USSR. The collection pertains to different
branches of electrochemical kinetic,, double layer theories and
go Ivanic processes In metal electrde poolton and industrial elect-
rolysid. Abridged discussions are given at the end or each divi-
sion. The majority of reports not Included here have been
published In periodical literature. No personalities are ment-lonec.
References are given at the end of most or the articles.
Z. -Iee4o
_5_1r@'kov, a.N__Zhswan.k1y, S.A.-Alekaeyev,
A.P__UJyar3kIy. High Current Densities
During the Electrolytic Preparation of Zinc 461
_L0shk&r&v,X.A., and X1_1. DupyaEo (Dnapropetrovakly khlmlko-
khnologichoakiy Inatft-uE-Jjfjr.I F.E. DZOrzh1nffkOgO-Dneprop
tetrov5k Institute or Chemical Technology imeni p.E. Dzerzh__
Inak1Y). Eloctrocrystallizat Lon Of Blamuth From an Oxychlor
I'lectrolyte 1do
__Bodn and Y
(Institute or Chemistry 467
and)ChemicallTaennology, L
Nc Acadecy Of Sciences, 1thuanion
SR a trolyte rOr bright Tinplating 477
_Markhovi- tq.r,: an, I.,. KharlamoVA. Adhesion of Nickel Plating
to Steel MIcke27-CHr-6m`jVfA . Steel lyhl9X9T and a Chrome-
Alloy
LIDIn- A. 1. Contact Separation Of' Some MOtala at the Surface 482
Of Aluminium Alloys
Card 19/34 486
.1, (Dnepropetrovsk Institute Of Chemical Technology
Dztrzhlnakiy;
Of Sciences, KAICSSR). Institute Of Chemistry, Academy
Electrolysis as AL Meano Of COMbinJng
Overal Mgtallurgtca
1-s-nd- Chemical-_
000 New Processes o r Production Procea . sea
NY dIroolectric Metallurgy) 697
and
-W-V--atend _lDneprop*trovsk Inat
Chemical T*chnol6J7"Poq4j;_1r Ituto or
of Graphite Electrodes During tDzerrhinskly), POlarlZAtton
Chlorine he Anodic Separation or
823--

AUTHORS: Stender, V.V. and Ksenzhek, O.S. SOV/80-59-1-18/44
-Lr: Graphitized Anodes in Electrolysis of A'@ueous Solutions of
Chlorous Salts (Grafitirovann.-Ye anody pri elektroliie vod-
n@-kh rastvorov khloristykh soley)
T,E---IODICAL: Zhurnal prikladn'oy khimii, 1559, Nr 1, pp 110-121 (USSR)
"ISTUCT: The authors studied the functioning of Craphite anodes ir: the
electrolysis of chlorous solutions on 1'1 kinds of artificial
._,r:-phites of various ori.(7in and structure. The r-othods em-
ployed in this investigation were based on the -on-station-
ary polarization. As a result the data were obtained which
characterize the kinetics of the process of chlorine sepa-
ration on graphite, and information laas secured on 'the
roagnitude of the specific surface of different kinds of
C,
Eraphites. In spite of the difference of the graphille kinds,
the ma-nitude of exchan,re current durinU 'the chlorine sepa-
ration is practically the same and equals to 5.10-6 am5/ /C'm
at 200C. The specific surface a-mounts to 0.8 to 1.5 m Ig
2 , for t,--
for the well-graphitized sample!3 and 2.5 to 6 m A
less graphitized samples. The inaa,3nitudes of the actual
density of current, effective electrode thickness and polar-
ization under various conditions were calculated. It was
er@tablished 'that the differences in the electrochemical 'ne-
havior of various graphite samples were determined main1v
Card 112 by their structural properties.

U T7.1 i "lectrolysis of Duuccun Solutions of Ch'l,@rczs
t
,L.-lere are 3 graphs, 1 dial--r--r,-., ) '.@@ble2 --nd 2
14 of which are Soviet9 4 Fn-lis*q, 1 American
r VVIC)"!
-neyropetrov3kiy kliimiko-'te,,h!,.olo,;-iches;'~iy instilli.,t
.-ropet.-ovsk Chemic o -Tec line lo,ri C.-@ I Institute)
U, -T.1 D June 13, 19157
Card 2/2

V
r
T7 71
D1-`jr_i-.-,i.-,atic;,n tf t',;_, Active Current
f t I.,
o of 7,inc at
deyotvuyusLohey plotnosti
ole1:trc.onazhdeniya tsinka pri vysokikh.
FE-_I(_-,)TCAL: Nauclwyye dol@lady vyoshey oh"oly. Khimida
giya, 1'1',g, 'Tr 1, pp 189 - 102
@n. ':i!
De..s@ in tll@.e Case
- .- M-r-rA Dc,,sitijs
ili@,!
'uc.'.-
1-_lc tri- oty_cl:h tck_a)
i
(US--7)
In th._@- -:Iectrc-cry@l @Iallizptticn of metals factr@:@s
(cu_=-'t density, temperature, time, ion
OMICC a continuous chan.@e in the electrolytic prLci-._J'aticn,
nd d-.@-- r ination of the actual current d.-;.oity i.-- us
a
a --in
reindered difficult. The ;a,er unc@ 'er conside-ration studies
the c.-an_-es in the active i=face on Vic 111-a-jis (@f the al@@ctru-
lytic proci:@itation of zirc at high cur-.-e.7t cta-..,itios
(60CC. a/m.2), t,-Le above-mentioned ch.an@:cs particularly
vrell noticeable in this !rccess. The active _,urfaces of the
zinc precitA@alions obtained und@@r difforent conditiens Tere
jud--cd on the ba-sis of hydr,,,@Cen hypert,_,rsion. Zinc was, used
le-
Card 1 V@at haO !,oer distilled in a nitrogen a;M,,,:!p
1 :0. T@:,, 'lie

The DetQrmination of the Active Current Donsity in the t!
9 115 4
Case of the of Zinc at iii'-h Curr@@nt
same way -nater and sulfuric acid were purified to a high
deL-ree by i.,eaaiis of distillation. A platinum plante Var. used
as an anode, zinc monocry3talz and various zinc preci,@itaticns
served as a cath@de. The potential-measurin- v:a:., effected
directly with respect to a saturated calomal elect-rude. Dia-
I-e shifting in -- positive direction cr the hydrc-
L.-rams shcw, t'-
gen hy-er"Iencion, az a function cf timc and tempeimature. Tables
present tile calculated enlar-emient of the active zinb surface
as comired with the visible surface. Accordinr- to thoce data
the actual current deno-ity decreases ratiidly, -.@-hicll explains
Vie s1cwine-down of precipitation forma-tion. With -- precipita-
tion of 2 mr, thickness, the critical current density at which
a re-dissolution of zind na,, occur is alri('.-f@t rc@acllcd. The
method described can aisc, be em,110yed for t,'--e investigation
of the surfaces of other nure metals (Cu,Cd, ctc). There are
2 fi,.-ures, 1 table, and. 6 rcfcre.-c,-@s, 4 of whicl', are Soviet.
Card 2/5

The Detorr-ninatic-n of `,.e Active Cu:,ru@@-t Di--isity in the Sclir 1,r@(-59-1-19/54
Case of ti-c of "liric at -T@jjj-. Current De:,Si'-*es
Kafedra tcl:hTioln-ii proizvc(Istv Dneprc-
P.otrcvsl?V:zo institu'lan (Ch-cir of
t!,e 'Tecl,!;cln.-@fy c@f Electroc'emical Pn.ducts of ti-le Dwpro-
ne,ul,rvs"-, L)2'11i'@ute of Chemical Tec!inolc,,,lj)
JUlir 15 , 1958

5(2) SO'1/31-59-3-5/14
AUTHOR: -6tender, V.V. Corresponding 11"lember of the AS of the
'
7- a z a
TITLE: Chlorine and Carbon-Free 1.1anganese (Khlor i bezugle-
rodistyy marganets)
PE-RIODICALi Vestnik Akademii nauk Kazakhskoy SSR, 1959, Nr 3,
pp 48-50 (USSR)
-ABbTRACT: The author and his collaborator S.A. Zaretskiy re-
commend a new method of producing chlorine and pure
manganese by the mutual reaction of pyrolusite
(manganese dioxide) and hydrogen chloride, and a
subsequent electrolysis of manganese dichloride.
The reaction is carried out according to the form-
ula: 4 HC1 + MnO 2 = C1 2+ MnCl 2 + 2H2O.As to the elec-
trolysis of the manganese dichloride s olutions, see
-
shortcomings of this method, as
,@Ref 8,11,lg The
compared with the sulphate method, are the particu-
lar control conditions of 'the anode process of
Card 1/2 chlorine production, and the as-yet-undeveloped

Chlorine and Carbon-Free Manganese SOV/31-59-3-51,/14
design otthd electrolyzer. The advantage of -I.Js
raethod is the use of graphitized instead of lead
anodes, the moi@T negative arLode potential, the com-
paratively pure state of the metallic manganese ob-
tained. The chief advantage lies in the fact, that
the chlorine electrolyte is prepared by the extrac-
tion of half of the chlorine amount from the hydrogen
chloride of the above formula. According to the au-
thor there are favorable conditions in Central Ka-
zakhstq.n for the development of an industry of orga-
nic synthesis on the basis of electrolytic chlorine
production,from NaCl and also for the utilization of
hydrogen chloride (by-product of NaCl electrolysis),
and the Droduction of manganese according to the
above-outlined scheme. The author maintains, thaz
the realization of his method under industrial con-
ditions would be very profitable. There are 14
references, 11 of which are Soviet and 3 English.
ASbOCIATION: !@N KazbbR
Card 2/2

AUTHORS: Selivanov, V.G., Stender, V.V. SOV/78-4-9-21/44
TITLE: The Electrical Conductivity of Fluoroborate Melts in the
Systems NaF - NaBF 40 and KF - KBF 4
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal neorganioheskoy khimiiq 1959, Vol 4, Nr 9, pp 2058-2061
(USSR)
ABSTRACT: The conductivity was determined by generally accepted methods.
On the basis of the experimental data (Tables 1, 2) the iso-
thermal lines of the specific conductance were drawn and brought
into connection with the melting point diagram (Fig 1) previously
determined. The isothermal lines of the specific electrical
conductivity of both the systems investigated belong to the third
kind of electrical conductivity according to the classification
by M. A. Klochko (Ref 6). Both components of the two systems are
good conductors, but the specific conductivity decreases with
rising content of weaker conducting fluorides. It reaches a
maximum at the eutectic point of the melt. The values of the
specific conductivity are higher in the sodium than in the
potassium system (Fig 2), which is explained by the larger
Card 1/2 dimensions of the potassium ion, and the lower mobility

The Electrical Conductivity of Fluoroborate Melts in SOV/78-4-9-21/44
the Systems NaF - NaBF 4 , and KF - KBF4
connected therewith. The linearity of the curve over a wide range
indicates the ionic character of these systems. The eutectic
melts of both systems may be regarded as optimum electrolytes
for the production of elementary boron, as they combine lowest
melting points with highest electrical conductivity. There are
2 figures, 2 tables, and 7 Soviet references.
kSSOCIATION: Dnepropetrovskiy khimiko-tekhnologicheakiy institut
(Dnepropetrovsk Institute of Chemical Technology)
SUBMITTED: June 14, 1958
Card 2/2

NIKIFOROV, A.F.; STENDER, V.V.
Liberation of hydrogen during the electrolysis of acid solutions
of zinc salt*s. Ukr.khim.shur. 25 no.1:18-24 '59. (KIM 12:4)
1. Dnepropetrovskiy khimiko-tekhnologicheakiy inBtitut im. F.E.
Dzerahinakogo,
(Hydrogen) (Zinc) (Illectrolysis)

SUMER, V.V.: MENUNK, O.S.
Graphitized anodes in the electrolysis of aqueous solutions
of chlorides. Zhur.prikl.khim. 32 ao.1:110-121 Ja '59.
(NM 12:4)
1. Dnepropetrovskiy khimiko-tekhnologicheakiy inatitut.
(Graphite) (Electrolysis)

NIKIFOROV, A.F.;__STB71DER, V V.
Causes of the pitting corrosion of zinc deposits in the presence
of cobalt admixtures. Izv.vys.ucheb.zair.; khim.1 khim tekh. 3
na.IrI62-165 6o. (MIM 134)
1. Kafedra tekhnologii alektrokhimicheskikh proizvodstv Dnepro-
petrovskogo khimiko-tekhnologicheakogo instituta imeni F.B.
Dzerzhinskogo.
(Zinc plating) (Zlectrol7tIc. corrosion)
-0

S10311601000100610011004
AUTHOR: Stender, V.V.9 Corresponding Member
TITLE: On the Automation of Electrochemical Production Processes
PERIODICAL: Vestnik akademii nauk Kazakhskoy'SSR, 1960, No. 6, PP. 3 - 7
TEXT: The author.discusses the possibilities of increasing speed and
degree of automation of electrochemical production processes. Electrochem-
ical production of gaaeous and liquid products, in which both the solutions
being processed and the products of electrolysis are conveyed through pipes,
has already been highly perfected; it could be fully automated if the pres-
ent graphitized anodes could be replaced by more stable ones, e.g., made of
metal. Automation of electrolysis on metallurgy is considerably more com-
plicated, as the metals are obtained in solid phase below their melting
point, and a constant feed of the metal anodes is required in electrolytic
refining. Automatic feed of the anodes has not yet been achieved; automat-
ic discharge of the cathode metal is subject of extensive research, chiefly
in zinc production. One method of automatic zinc discharge consists in ob-
taining the zinc in powdered form not connected with the cathode metal, con-
Card 1/5

S/031/60/000/006/001/004
On the Automation of Electrochemical Production Processes
tinuously stirring up the electrolyte and draining the latter out of the
bath at intervals together with the zinc powder. In the electrolysis of
acid solutions of zinc sulfate the discharge of cathode zinc can be done
automatically by taking it off from a drum, disc or slotted cathode as an end-
less metal strip. Such devices are now being tested in Soviet zinc plants,
and results show that an increased productivity and improvement of working
conditions can be achieved. One of the difficulties in this method is that
the zinc output for a given current expenditure decreases with the growing
thickness of the strip. G.N. Znamenskiy (Ref. 6), a co-worker of the au-
thor, developed a method for determining the effective surfacelof metal;
the relationship between the values of the cathode zinc surface and the
yield at a given current on one hand, and the time of electrolysis (i.e.)
thickness of deposit), current density etc. on the other hand, have also
been studied in the author's laboratory. It was shown, for example, that
at 6,000 a/M2 the surface of the cathode zinc increases in 30 - 40 min by
20 - 30 times compared with the original surface, and in the usual indua-
trial electrolysis the combined discharge of hydrogen ions increases. The
Card 2/ 5 Ll-,*'-

S/031/60/000/006/001/004
On the Automation of Electrochemical Production Processes
obtaining of smoother deposits should lead to the formation of thicker de-
posits, thus onabling the continuous electrolysis equipment to be simpli-
fied. It was also shown that in pure solutions the combined discharge of
hydrogen ions was so impeded that the zinc could be separated at very low
current densities, e.g., 5 - 10 a/m2, the relative yield being considerable.
Step-by-step electrolysis is suggested as a possible means of obtaining
higher zinc yields at high current densities with the solutions passing
through normal electrolyzers working at small current densities and the
most important admixtures separated and the purified solution fed to con-
tinuously operating electrolyzers working at high current densities. In
the electrometallurgy of cadmium the addition of surface-active substances
should be studied. Good results are to be expected in the use of high cur-
rent densities and of automatic cathode metal discharge in the production
of manganese and iron. Tests with automatic discharge of cathode nickel
from the electrolyte baths are beginning on the basis of suggestions by A.
A. Bulakh (Ref. 12). In the electrolytic refining of copper the use of vi-
brating electrodes showed that it was possible to extend the electrolysis
Card 3/5

S/031/6o/ooo/oo6/oo1/OO4
On the Automation of Electrochemical Production Processes
over prolonged periods at a current density of 1,000 a/m2; it is possible
to achieve an analogous effect by eliminating the concentration polarization
effect by other means. The galvaniiing process is considerably automated,
all the operations being carried out in one unit, and so is the electroplat-
ing of tin coming off rolling mills and welding machines in an endless strip
and passing through a large tinplating unit at 30 - 50 km/h. These and sim-
ilar devices may serve as a basis for the planning of automation in hydroe-
lectrometallurgical processes. When extracting rare metals from a poor nat-
ural source (e.g., natural water) by electrolysis continuous operation with
a mercury cathode at current densities close to the maximum is suggested.
Reduction of manpower should be aimedatinthe electrolysis of smelted media.
In the electrolytic production of aluminum the carbon anode should be-re-
placed by a metal or metal-oxide one being stable during the electrolysis
of fluoride electrolytes this would permit the process to be fully auto-
mated. Electrolytic production of refractory metals should be effected
with the use of liquid cathodes dissolving the metal, after which industri-
al alloys are obtained or the components of the alloy are electrolytically
Card 4/5

S/031/60/000/010/002/005
A161/AO26
AUTHOR: stender, V.V., Corresponding Member
TITLE: Electrolysis in Iron Metallurgy
PERIODICAL: Vestnik Akademil nauk Kazakhskoy SSR, 1960, No. 10, pp. 666 - 70
TEXT: The existing Soviet and foreign technblogies of manganese, chrome
and iron electrolysis are briefly reviewed with references to 24 works, and prac-
tical recommendations ar 'e given. Carbon-free electrolytic manganese is obtained
from its sulfate in solution, and in the USSR such pr6duction method exists in
one plant in the Gruzinskaya SSR. The process technology has been devised by
Academician R.I. Agladze of the AS GruzSSR (Ref. 4). 'Pyrolusite ore is reduced,
then leached in spent electrolyte containing sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate;
then, after careful purification, the solution is used for electrolysis, and
metal is separated on stainless-steel c@athodes with about 400 amp/M2 current; t@e
anodes are sheets of lead alloyed with 1% silver; about 8,000 kwh of direct our-.
rent are spent for I ton of metal. This process may be improved by: 1) Using
sub-st@ndard manganese ores, or their concentration tailings;- 2) Using very high
current -densities and very pure solutions; 3) Using electrolyte with hydrodilaric
Card 1/4

8/031/60/000/010/002/005
Electrolysis in Iron Metallurgy A16l/AO26
acid instead of sulfuric acid (Refs. 5,8), although it became obvious in latest
experiments (by A.F. Nikiforov at the author's laboratory) that two diaphragms
must be used to prevent catholyte from reaching the anode. The production of
electrolytic manganese doubtlessly must be developed in manganese ore regions
(Transcaucasus, Nikopoll, Central Kazakhstan), and this industry can be combined
with that utilizing chlorine for synthetic products (Ref. 8). The old chrome
electrolysis method used since the-twenties is not suitable for large-scale pro-
duction. Electrolysis of trivalent chrome salt solutions in the presence of am-
monium salts gives very pure metal with not more than 0.14% iron and 0.01% carbon,
and with much lower electric power consumption than in the old method (Refs. 11,
12, 13, 14, 15, 16).- Anodes of lead alloyed with 1% silver are used in sulfate
solutions, and those of graphite,in chloride solutions. Sulfate electrolyte is
prepared either from ore,(Ref.13), or by dissolving carbonic ferrochrome prelimin-
arily melted from ore in electric furnace. Ferrochrome may be dissolvedfby sul-
furic acid with heating and subsequent separation of chrome into binary bulfate
with amnium (Ref. +17, Engl.), or anode dissolution of ferrochrome may b2 used
and Cr2()7 and Cr3 iones obtained at a current density up to 1,500 amplm . SWh
current expenditure is worth while in the opinion of the author (Ref. 16), becatne
of much simpler separation of chrome from iron. In view of the high bonsumption
Card 2/4

S/031/60/000/010/002/005
Electrolysis in Iron Metallurgy A161/AO26
of sulfuric acid and amhonia the production of electrolytic chrome ought to be
located in regions rich in sulfides and needing nitrous fertilizers, for the most
part of the reagents will be turned into ammonium sulfate. Such regions are, e.g.
the South Ural and West Kazakhstan. Electrolytic iron is not yet being produced
in large quantities despite existing nedd. The reasons of this are the raw mater-
ial problem, the still insufficient processing speed, and the insufficiently de-
veloped equipment. Kangro and Fluegge (Ref.-.21, German) suggested a method (in
1929) of chloridizing iron ores at 1,000c'C, trap chlbrous iron separately from
other*chlorides, dissolve it and electrolytically reduce it to iron chloride;
move it into special electrolyzers with graphite anodes and a steel cathode in
the form of an endless band on which iron powder would be deposited and moved out.
The author thinks that this method-might considerably be improved and chlorine,
separated on the anode,,be utilized in chemical industry. Hydrochloric acid
could then be used for dissolving iron ore, for this acid will be soon available
in large quantities from plants chlorinating natural gas, coke gas and other
matterd. The problem of utilizing hydrochloric acid is being discussed in coun-
tries having developed a chemical industry (Ref. 22), and the application for
electrolysis of iron and chrome might be one of possible solutions. Brown iron
clay ores could be used for raw material. It would be expedient to utilize ore
Card 3/4 ,

Electrolysis in Iron Metallurgy
S/031/60/000/010/002/005
A161/AO26
and waste containing manganese (Ref. 23, Engl.), for manganese in electrolyte
improves the quality of deposited metal. There are 24. references: 18 Soviet,
3 English and 3 German.
ASSOCIATION: AN KazSSR (AS KazSSR)
Card 4/4

S / 08klj-,./O,O/O3 3/010/010/02
D 2 1 (5 /D -I- C) 6
AUTHOUS: S'. -J yako v. G Z - and Va khi dov I R. S.
T IT i.,T,'.-. c, s f i a c, n
Zi@ y 1. M, I
V@
r O-L, y
0 -d
@he hapic U.,
f on tEe
!,uch vi c r,,r i. t3
t
Z-S c- Ol U t0 rl s ry h-- gh
&d and c-...'Lil-@ i7 n 3 reased
-o@*:iz:,-;'!,@at t ai c) -@n e @-Iect
17 L- . -
,auses lovier
f -Z s
iangarla ',3 sa u s te s d (-: p, 1 a rz
con@,entlra- @ on o @f
C

S" 08---ij I() 1/c'! -I,)/j
h f
D 2' 1 ED `5 0 6
_on- 4n -urrent.
Y o',-: t@ S r e s h o vin, r a,11, 1' v II Yi nhe
i i, r o s ns, t, .3 T".,T r, C)
I Ve _C, Lj. L: ta r e sT1 i e
fir@ plotted aj@a:ns7. Kf,'InO 0 11
4
S !:,,a ii r-3 s poin te J out the a,...-...on
a -:3 r: r z! I -@@ tnoZt@ is deter-m-,ned by -the-i.r Sur-
D_ n j cj1 1 r@,: r,-') n e rI e E@ F@n,'_@ ar e, s
are ab@7or-
-nd rea@2,@ vi-@Th 7n to lorM Lin-
Z
I I Li c-, d e S C. I t ri Y i- eZ T-h e c o mp e -,.- s o r po nlayer both
urot,@, ts Z,,. f :- om, z3;-! u@.z,,:n -.;n the a,_--id and slows down tile reac-
:rl -If Zn i ,, i,
'i -1 1 : - n E'ur@her shown. are the re-ation of the
it :nO
ctiri-ent e Iff i c i ency c., fZj n, -.hod, es , and the cathode -pc r1ential to
j -
Mn' ' concenrra-_on in 'he ele-_--urolyte; the relation of current
effi@.-'.ency c@' Zn to HIn10- c-_inten,@@ of -.he e1ectlrolyzle; +@he curren
v
vii-.1i r.*nQ`_ T:@i-sen-, .-n the electrolyte toge-rher wi-th Sb
L L,
C_@rd

C,80/ 601'ol 1.
/o 10 10 10 ,,o
n
r
o:
n. oxide (J(D I jl, Co (9
Pb ( b aT/
Ion-,
st"urated). On
e'd U., T-hode ef,---
eli..y
)n the
'-lt2 COMPlex iayer
mnu ri t,
s;ta@qdrrd c, t@ rtj -
1
17m" i
C oo
S
rro
at f) f 7- t -h-. d ra,
Erill v,, Pr:@, I - - @ -
ef-
'J:1
27T.3; -Manganeoe @i-,oxid@
Other im,
Sb, Pb, e
n
f f b
but as a
z i n d e po s i t ::r, tj, i
eie-trodei@ositLon- A,, h1cf-11 tl-@!,T)erfltares

8 0 `6
Dz 6,; D3,@ 6
C.
@G iy
ro t o
r t 11 c, C-
C- -.3 e .oo -L @m C@ f
0 @3 rc-s Zn
@ r c- r: t
aT. 4 i-,jo S t r -2 c r o'.
rs C, d a -, f o I I c a s L@ 1 rarsi,al I.
D,f,.'. Lddell, Ha -@book of'
ti Ze -L 3.1 1 rE y IL', Y I o@!4 7, Vj C. Y'
a n", IT
C' -Lj@ j. Chtfll. 2C;@.
I
C. Ro one v . AI, a YS
I T D
c

ZILAMSKIY, G.N.; STSNDER, V.V.
Electrolysis of acid solutions of zinc sulfate at very lov
densities. Zhur. prikl. khim. 33 no.12:2728-2730 D 160.
(MM
1. Dnepropetrovskiy khimiko-tekhnologiclieskiy institut.
(Zinc sulfate)
current
14:1)

2FE-NDER,-VIadimir Villgellmovich, prof., doktor tekhn. nauk. Prini-
Piali uchastiye: KSE21ZHEK, Oktavian Stanislavovich, dots.,
kand. tekhn. nauk; RAZDIA, Ninell Fedorovna, dots., kand. tekJin.
nauk; SAGOYAN, Leonid Nikolayevicn, dots., kand. tekhn. nauk;
SLIJTSKIY, losif ZinovIyevich, dots., kand. tekhn.nauk; GALINKER,
I.S., prof., otv. red.; TRETIYAKOVAI A.U., red.; TROFIMIKO, A.S.,
tekhn. red.
(Applied electrochemistry] Prikladnaia eloktrokhimiia. KharIkov,
Izd-vo KharIkovskogo gos.univ. im. AJI.Gorlkogo, 1961. 538 p.
(MIRA 15:6)
(Electrochemistry)

D
kUTHORS: Z I i a 1 ! 1 t-::! I I S k- IG-111, , IJ.,azanko,
Y
C'I'l alra,- teris"cl-C c of codepos4
z3u-L-!a'u'*e solutions
24008
S 111*0 8 0 /6 1 /0 3 4 /0 0 6 11! 0 1 o/O 2 C
D 2 4 7D 3 0 51
A. F, , and S Lender, V. V.
tion on@@ and coba,
I-'ERIODICI..L: ZJii,,,Ari.6i prikladnoy khimii, ;, -5,11, no. 6, 1961P
l-5jI--; -- IJil
TEXT: Tile 1--re:@en, parper reports a study of 1-.',,-,asE; structures aiid
i.he nature of their distribution during codeposItion of Zn and Co.
@-t-@.ent-on is main-,Y d1rected to the distr-,b!.ztion of H overpotential
.-n Zn--Co alloys which has a considerable influence on the process
--.rolyti- Za separa,ion. Alloys were thermally prepared from
tire Zn and 99.98 % ele--trolytic Co which aere dissolved
in --hemi-cally pure H2&14 and dilu-,.ed 3-foid v71th distilled water.
Zn-Co ail,:;ys viere prepared from an electrolyte of composition 30-
-j IJ E-- Zr, and 10-1100 gl'l Co. or -pH 2-3., temperature 200C, wi-di
.j.
.- -, --en'. density of --500 'dm2- The all-,;yzi, before measuring H
Card i

SIJP,5?@ '/0341/006/'010//020
Characteristica of codeposi7aon D-247/D30r,
overpotential, viere pollshed and groi.-'nd with subsequent cathode de-
6reasing and rinsing. Polarization curves were obtained with a 1N
H2S04 at 2&@'C. Fig@ I shows -.he effect of Co content in
-he al-13Y -jn overpc.Tentia'L o,' H liberated in boLh thermal and elec-
trolyt-le a marked red@i,-,Ion of overpoten-tial of H separa-
-tion bein6 observed on increasina Co conten-, ruo 5 % though lower by
0
80-100 mv in t!ian in thermaa zilloys (for -.,"--e same Co
c-ontent)@ r._@icrostructures of the two types of alloy are also com-
pared, The theririall alloy contal*ning 4.6 q, Co is a 2-phase system
o
f Zn and "05
I @.' Zn@,j vih-Ich Is -in accordance with the equilibrium
g_raph@ The 8tructure of ihe ele.-t-rolytic alloy with almost the
same Co content I's also 2-phase,but the am')unt of the more positi-
ve phase -is much less and approximately corresponds to the Co con-
tent. These differences were ver-"ied by heat treatment of the
electrolytic alloy at 3500C for 6 hours, followed by again measur-
ing H overpotential. and stud,-@ng the microstructure. The magnetic
properties of the t-,@io allo,r types were examined Co Zn2l is not
ferroma,gne @-_,c and the zheri.,Ca.' alloys viith 0 - 20- % @o were also
Car.-!- \

2hCV
S/080 A) i/O 3 411,'0016/0 @30`1020
D_'- 4 7 / D
L
i b Eiectro.yrlf, ai-loys ziith more than
-rrom@, 'iet,
0:' 1 "A f! proper-
e cle@trly definec' fr- . - r:,
afl.er iieat treatmen'. TI.,e m,..,cked hsplail-,@-
sl`iowri on, curves 5 and b f@Figo 8) indicatu, tiiat
I e r n r. s 4_'! e Z n d 4L -on @_s due to reauction ol",
S SO.LU t4
u ri, n 7y belCla the critical vaie. Tc. determine incep-
auto- 7 2ashode Zn in -,o @_-ur-rerit :'.en.-
n a i n C n @3 a? r, i n -, h e e I e - r c, y - h C, ZI 0 n t i a i v a - -
densllies was
n r me f o r v a ryi n, c u r..
j 7 @zn and @@O 'I
DI-
i _@r r- ri cenz;:@-_,es f-GM 3 t CI C 0 jk/'dEll
1 f., -..r r,@i, t dens I e:@ of 7:'.'Oj and 6000. A/I:na@, the oo ten-@4 al evenly
!-al-_ies; For 6@.;00 A/m?@ rhe g-adient of iiie
-t-,ve -.urrenz densi-t
r 1 1 eeuer -and zh-re -,he a - y falls
L5 G, N. Z:-iamen_=:kty, Byj 11 . -rtive-u. met'. , lqc-9,
- I Y
Th--, -,h@@ -n dez)osir
s at 6000 Ai mL@ after eIe_-IrolYai_s for 100 minutes, at 30jo
2 a`ter 10 minutes. There
A, -,_,i7_@er SO fnalw.@-es, and a! 1-000, Azm
Card "X I

24008
S/ 080/6 1/Oj 4/006/0 IG11020
Chracteris@,i-.s of codeposillioi, - D_247/D305
@@re 9 f i is and -@ 6 re-fererioes .2 So vlet-blcc and 4 no n-Sovie-u-
blc.-@. Thle referen-_--es -,-o the EnuI;s!-.anguage publi-atiolis read as
lollovis.-, U. Ta,.n-,cfl. Trans, Am. Ele-tro--nern. So--., 1922, --,Ol@ 41,
p J, Cliem, S:.-c. j 1:124. voi@- 225, P@ 1122, W@
T
ha--kIns and H. Aa ci phys. Chei.,_, , 1917`6, volL 26, p. 205.
ASSOC;-_ATION; Dnepr@@peT.rovskiy teklinologicfteskly insti-lut (Dnepro-
;letr@:-.sk Te;--linolog.1cal Institu-I-)
SUB@;J'J`ITED: Septelloe", 112, 196;@
Card 4,,.,#,\

STEMER 2 V.V.
*Theoretical principles of electrochemistryn by A.I.Levin. Reviewed
by V.V.Stender. Zhui.priklilrhim, 34 J2o.73165o n 161.
(MIRL 14&7)
(Electrochemistry) (Ioevin, A.X.)

5/'020/61/137/002/011/020
B103/B215
AUTHORSt Znamenskiy, G. N., Gainali, I. V., and Stender, V. V.
TITLE: Peculiarities of electrodeposition of metals from extremely
pure solutions
PERIODICALs Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, v. 137, no. 2, 1961, 335-337
TEXT: The authors describe exieriments on @.he electrodeposition of the
electronegative metals zinc ard manganese f-rom extremely pure solutions.
They found that the chemically pure salts usually used for studying the
kinetics of such processes, do not guarantee the required experimental
purity, not even when they have been recrystallized. Small amounts of
organic impurities in the solution hamper the determination of the influence
of surface-active admixtures on the structure of the cathodic deposit, and
on the value of cathodic polarization. Therefore, the authors used ext-emely
pure ZnSO4 solutions produced as follows: metallic zinc contained lo-5% of
admixtures and was produced by 3ublimation in a nitrogen atmosphere,
Card 1/@

5/'020/61/137/'002/011/020
Peculiarities of electrodeposition... B103/B215
following the method of the Gipronikell Institute. Chemically pure sulfuric
acid was distilled. Water was boiled in potassium permanganate, and then
distilled three times, but 1/3 (first portions) of the distillate was not
used. The solution thus obtained was boiled again, and then for a long
while exposed to current from platinum electrodes. By using standard con-
centrations (Zn 60 g1l, H 2so4 100 g1l) at 200C,the authors obtained from
this solution a current output of zinc up to 60% at low current density
(1 a/m 2) , and up to 99% at 5 a/m2. Zinc, however, was intensively dissolved
already at 30 a/m2 in an electrolyte of chemically pure ZnSO 4 which had been
recrystallized three times, The electrode potential of high-purity zinc
without current or with weak current is shifted by 25-30 mv toward negative
values (as compared to the potential of the conventional LkO(TsO) electrolytic
zinc). Only glass parts can be used in the electrolytic cell when using
high-purity solutions, Plastics (viniplast, organic glass, polyethylene)
change the structure of deposited zinc. Crystals become irregular and
small. On the basis of these results, the authors worked out a method of
Card 2/5

S/020/61/137/002/014/020
Peculiarities of electrodeposition... B103/B215
measuring the active surface of zinc, which gives well reproducible results,
and is also applicable to other metals (Ref. 5,V. V. Stender, G. N. Znamen-
skiy, Nauchn. doki, vyssh, shkoly, ser. khim., 1, 189 (1959)). For similar
experiments with manganese, the authors used an electrolyte of 50 g1l Of
manganese (as chloride), and 110 g1l of ammonium chloride, Manganese was
dissolved at pH >1. The solution was purified with manganese sulfide which
was obtained from a previously purified manganese chloride solution and
ammonium sulfide@ Ammonium sulfide was obtained by absorption of hydrogen
sulfide by an ammonia solution in water distilled twice. H 2S was obtained
from chemically pure sodium sulfide previously purified from arsenic. After
purification of sulfide, the manganese electrolyte was electrolytically
treated in a glass vessel at a current density of 20-50 a/m2. In the vessel,
there was an anodic glass cell with a glass diaphragm@ a platinum anode,
and a cathode of pure aluminum, The catholyte was constantly stirred.
Anodic gases were sucked off. Manganese hydroxide which was deposited in
the catholyte and oxidized to dioxide by atmospheric oxygen, adsorbed all
sorts of admixtures from the electrolyte. After filtration'. the solution
was subjected to another electrolytic treatment. This process was repeated
Card 3/5