SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KEYS, N.V. - KEYSIN, YE.M

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000721620007-6
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

.9/133/6i/oOO/OO1/OW/016
A054/A033
Crystallization and Quality Improvement of 18-30X1 1-(18-KbGT) Grade Steol
of the ingot difficult, causing the origination of a porcus zone. As the location
of this central porous zone coincides with the lamination Jn the rolled product it
can be assumed that lamination is caused by the porosity of the metal. In the pla-
ces of lamination considerable amounts of non-metallic impurities were found imped-
ing the scalding of the lamination even at gre&ter reductionc. Based on the tests
two methods were found to prevent lamination; 1) reducing the porosity of the cen-
tral part of the ingot and 2) reducing the quintity of non-met&llic impurities.
1) In order to reduce the central porosity, the process of feeding the central
area of the ingot had to be Improved. Me&EureE wtre taken to increase the time
during which the metal Is liquid in th,@ hood of the riser. 11 was found, however,
that neither the application of "lunkerite" with an aluminum content of 28% in-
stead of 14%, added in quantities of 3 - 4 kg/ton inetead of 1.5 2 kgAon, nor
the use of lunkerite containing 35 - 50 % magnesium powder (1.5 2.0 kg/ton)
yielded a considerable improvement of the mtnarostructufe. Thus I*. was not possible
to improve the feeding of thi ingot wl th liquid meted. by increased heating of the
top. Better results were obtained in this resp@4,@t when the riser hood was insulat-
ed by asbestos sheets (10m thick) tetw-@o@n itq caE!ing -s-rd lining %nd by winding
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3/1-33/6i/ooo/ool/002/016
A054/033
Crystallization and Quality Improvement of 18-30X FT(18-3OKb14'T) Grade Steel
asbestos cores, 22 on thick, or asbesto2 sbeets around the ingot molds, at a dis-
tance of 500 mm from the top, fixed with sheet iron. The r"ser hoods were also
mounted on asbestos disks. The longitudinal templates taken from ingots melted in
insulated ingot molds showed a satisfa-2tory density and the axial porosity found
in conventional ingots was absk:nt- The ProdUats rolled from ingot.4 produced with
the insulation method (140 x 140 mm section) were also free from lamination. 2)
The second method to prevent lamination, iop-, the reduction of non-metallic impu-
rities was tested with 3 kinds of deoxidizing 4gents: a) Slit--omanganese In the
furnace and 45% solution of ferro-silicium in the ladle (@onventional method); b)
15 - 17 kg/ton AMS alloy in the furnace ani 45% qolut.lon of ferrosilicium in the
ladle; c).manganese silicate in the furnace and calcium-silicon in the ladle.
The beat results were obtained with method b) (3-05% rejeote due to laminati0h
and 0.06% rejects due to maorostructure, while the corresponding figures for meth-
od a) are 5.05% and 0.5% and for method c) 17.0%) (see table). To improve the
steel quality, further tests were carried out In 1958 - 1959 to study preliminary
oxidation with silicochromium, Instead of AMS, the use of titanium-containing
scrap instead of ferro-titanium for alloying and the optimum metal temperature
Prior to deoxidation, ensuring a satisfactory macr05tructure and metal surface.
By employing titanium-oontainlng scrap the temperature drop in the ladle decreased
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Crystallization and Quality Improvement of 18-30/,F7(18-30KhGT) Grade Steel
and the toughness of steel was reduced. Rejects due to surface defects were 0.1,:%
instead of 0.24% in the conventional melts. There are 2 figures, I table and I
Soviet reference.
ASSOCIATIONS: Nauchno-issledovatefskiy institut metallurgii, Chelyabinskiy metal-
lurgicheskiy zavod (Scientific Research Institute of Metallurgy,
Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant)
Figure 1: "Tongue" Afect in 18KhGT
steel ingot
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KOLOSOV,&;#,k d.toffi% STROGANOV, A I kand tokhn nauk-
a '06V,
M.; V.F., kafidJeiAn.naU; iiiIIISIRY11, 00-YA0.9
DANILOV, A.M.y in7h.1 ZVETTV, B.V,, inzh,; ANMPOVA, 11,G.,
inzh.; KHRYUKINA, V.A., inzh.
Use of silicon-chromium in open-hearth smelting of steel' Stall 20
61. (MK 14:5)
1. Chelyabinskiy nauchno-ii3sledovateltakiy institut metallurgii;
Chelyabinskiy i Zlataustovskiy metallurgicheskiye zavody.
(Steel-4,fotallurgy) (Silicoh-chromium alloys)

KEYS, NJ.; KOMISSAROV, A.I.
Reseexch being carried out by tha Cholyabinsk Metallurgical
Plant. Stall 21 no.8:6647W-Mv707s,745 Ag 16.1. (14IRA 14:9)
(Chelyabinsk-Mletallurgical plants)

3h979
S/,33/62/0C0/0V-3/GO4/GGS
A051,/A127
0
AUTHIORS: Golldshteyn, Ya. Ye., Candid-ate of Technical Sciences, Zei'dovich,
V. I., lius, N. V., Kossovskiy, L. D., Vaynshteyn, 0. Ya., Shmatko,
K. S., Engineers
T The effect of treating liquid chrome-nickel steel with cerium on its
crystallization
PERIODICAL: Stal', no. 3, 1962, 258 - 251
TMT: Tests viere carried out to study the effect of addinG ferrocerium to
chrome-nickel structural steel on the flake formation and crystallization. The
tests were based on the chemical affinity of cerium to hydrogen, which increases
when the temperature is raised. As rare-par'!, metals mostly tend to adsorb hydro-
gen in the 200 - 6000C range, where the hydrogei. separation from the metal is par-
ticularly intensive, this phenomenon can be used t,@ reduce flaking. Four 40 ',: -.
(40KhN) steel ingots of the same melt were tested: one, checking specimen, with-
out ferrocerium, the others containing C.1, 0.25 and 0.65", ferrocerium, respective-
ly. Lumps of ferrocerium, containing 94,r./ rare-earth metal (primarily cerium)
were used. The ingots were top-cast and weighed 2.65 ton. Lateral macrotemplatez,
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The effect of treating... A0511/11127
cut from blooms rolled from the test insots, (air-dried after rolling, non-anneaW
were analyzed after I and 6 months. Flakes were hot found in templates from steel
to which at least 0.6;5 ferrocerium via* added. The analysis also showed that the
effect of cerium (lanthanum, et-c.) actuaLly does not r,-,,inifcz3t itself in the ad-
sorption of hydrogen, but rather In bo ding it in the form of stable hydrides.
0 .7 cm hydrogen/100 g, there was no flakingg, due
In steel, containing as much as 3 5
to the addition of 0.6% ferrocerium, while flakes viere found in steel containing
not more than 0.56 em3/100 S hydrogen, if not treated with cerium. Ulhen ferro-
cerium is added to the liquid steel in amounts above 0.2,,0, the pattern of den-
dritic crystallization ckvinges and zulfur will be re-distributed in the micro-
areas of the metal. High-smelting cerium-sulfides pans from the intera;x1al areas
into the dendritic a;:es. '4hen ferrocerium is added in amou:.ats of up to 0.61,-,
dendritic crystallization disappears, and, under the effect of cerium, the steel
is cleaned from sulfur, antimony, stayLnum, bismuth, lead, etc. 0.6% ferrocerium
reduces the sulfur-content of the metal 5 times. However, when ferrocerium is
added in the ingot muld., the cerium-sulfides (oxy-sulfidez) cannot entirely be
removed into the slag and the feeding head. This results in a norl'.onogeneity of
'the boundary zone. The high-temperature cerium-sulfides foxy-sulfides of in-
tricate composition) are forming already in the period prior to crystallization
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ing the section of the lower riser dozzle opening. 2) When carbon, transformer,
ball bearing and structural steels are smelted in the new electric furnaces, 4 -
7% ferrous ores and 3 - 5% lime are added to the charge, to accelerate the oxida-
tion of phosphorus, chromium and manganese. Upon charging uP-to 50% liquid pigiron
in the smelting of ball bearing steel, the quality of the steel was equivalent to
that smelted in smaller furnaces. 3) To reduce the meta'. scrap requirement of
new, large-aize electric furnaces operated on solid charge, tests were made with
liquid pig iron. For smelting Y 7 A (UN, Y 13 A (U 13A), Y 8rA (U8GA), IHX 15
(SMh15) and 115 grade steels, the best results were obtained by adding 40 - 431%
liquid pig iron. Addition of more than this amount increased the smelting time.
The carbon content was reduced during smelting most intensively if the quantity of
ore added was not more than 300 - 320 kg/to*n liquid pig Lron. The smelting time
was the shortest and the electric power consumption the lowest if the charge was
heated prior to pouring pig iron for 50 - 60 minutes at about 12,000 - 14,oco
kw-hour. To heat the metal during smelting at least 28,000 - 29,000 kw-hour is
required at the highest voltage. The use of liquid pig iron reduced smelting
time by 8 - IOAI, electric power consumption by 18 - 20%; the 'Liquid steel output
increased by 2% owing to the reduction of iron from the ore. The use of liquid
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pig iron does not impair the quality of the stool. ljowever., ric, saving can be
realised, owing, to the higher price of liquid pig iron aE, compared to that of
scrap. 4) Testz. were CUL'740d Out to reduce the riser part of 5CO-kg 11190tS (with
5.7-'% conicity to one side, an WD ratic of 3.7 and aii Ingot-body volumie of
57,85 cm, ) of H1135 (EI435), X15H60 M19160), X1201180 (Kjo)@180), X'3@1104
W113YU41), P 18 (RIB), P9 09), 3 X2B 8 (3n2v8), 1X 18H 9T (11rrilai9T) .3tee.1
grades. With a (liquid) riser volume of 17.4,o' and a dozzle with a 35,5-m.'@-, opening
no shrinkage cavities were observed in the 54 ingot bodies tested. 5) 711c tech-
nology of smelting 2'OX15113MA (2OKhI5N3r4A) [,aM-I (DI-1)] steel grade in small
electric furnaces was established. The steel contained (in %)i 0.15 - 0.2! C,
0.0-0 Mn, @@ 0.60 Si, < 0.030 S, 4 0.035 P, 14.5 - 16.r- Cr, 2.5 - 3.0 Ni, 0.30 -
0.50 Mo, -4 0.40 W. The amount of non-metallic inclusions and rejectz during
production and utilization can be reduced considerably if the charge contains 5
9% chromium and if the metal temperature at the beginning of refining is 1,590 -
1,6200C, before tapping: 1,580 - 1,6100C and in the ladle: 1,570 - 1,5900C. I-le-
fining under white slag should take 1 - 1 1/2 hours.
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A054/A 12Y
AUTHORS:. _!@e@. @V. Komissarov, A. 1.
TITLE: At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavcKI (Chelyabinsk Metal-
lurgical PLant)
PERIODICAL: Stall, no. 6, 1962, 572
1) The overall automation of the heating control in open-hearth
furnaces has been developed in co-operation with the Chelyabinskiy nauchno-
issleuovatel'skiy institut metallurgii (Chelyabinsk Scientific liesearch Institute
of Metallurgy). Combustion Is controlled by the parameter of excess air in the
outlets by means of aipha-indicator type pickups. The autGmatic heat control
increased the furnace output by 5.2%, mainly by shortening the smelting process,
and reduced the fuel consumption by 10.7%. 2) It is necessary to do only one
intervening repair in the no. I open-hearth workshop, by increasing the volume
oil the slag chamber, removing slag from it completely after repair, removing slag
partly and levelling it out with bulldozers during the furnace run, etc.).' 3)
The quantities of oxygen required for open-hearth furnaces, depending on the
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A 054/A I Zt-
furnace volume and during the various phasc3 of 'the smelting process have been
determined (in m3/hour):
Small Medium Large
f u r n a c e
Charging 700 1,200 1,600
Beginning of heating 700 1,200 1,500
Pouring of pig iron and smelting 1,200 1,800 2,500
Finishing - 1,000 1,200
The heating conditions of open-hearth furmaces are improved if the oxygen is fed
mainly in the lower part of the torch. For this purpose the angle of inclinition
of oxygen tuyeres should be increased from 80 to 14 - 150, their height above the
caisson bottom should be reduced from 300 to 150 - 180 mai and the intersection
angle of the tuyeres Increased from 80 to 120, while their rear part I!.-, extended.
It is expedient to feed oxygen and air simultaneously. 4) Pericalse-spinel.
bricks used for lining open-hearth furnace crowns wear by 10 - IVI, less than mag-
nesite-chromite bricks, but heat losses with the former type are about 8 - 10%
higher. 5) New refractory materials were tested. Dense magnesite bricks in the
checker4ork of medium-capacity open-hearth furnaces proved satisfactory 'for 221
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smeltings. The high heat conductivity of these bricks improved the heating con-
ditionz of the furnace and decreased specific fuel consumption. 7,he best material
for checkern-iork lining was found to be caL@ined periclase-forsterite brick,
produced under elevated pressure. 6) The "Magnezit" Plant proauceo a te-3t-batcli
of non-caLcined periclase-spinel bricks, fixed in metal frames ana reinforced in-
side. The test bricks were used for a medium-capacity open-hearth furnace crown
and lasted for 311 smeltings. The rapid wear of the test bricxs right at the be
ginning of the furnace run is caused by -the 1.5-mm thick reinforcement plates,
which oxidize and smelt and reduce the refractory properties of the adjoining
zones of the brick.
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3/133/62/000/007/004/014
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AUTHORS: Keys_ N.V.., Komissarov, A.I.
TITLE: At the Clielyabinskiy motallurgicheskiy zavod (Chelyabinsk Metallur-
gical Plant)
PM-IODICAL: Stal', no. 7, 1962, 618 - 619
TEXT: 1) In 1961, the standstills during repair of the bottom of large-
capacity furnaces were reduced from 4.3 to 2.94% and those of small furnaces
from 4.27 to 2.62%, as compared with the preceding year. This was the result of
using mainly small-grained magnesite powder and improved methodsof lining and
slag removal. Tests were carried out with magnesite-phr6mite concrete for the
furnace bottom. This concrete contains 47 - 52% magnesium, instead of 80 - 85%
as in the standard material and 80 - 85% of the 2-0 mm fraction. The concrete
layer was coated with m%esite powder. The use of concrete cut the time of
bottom repairs by 1 - 1 h, reduced standstills to 2.5% and the consumption of
magnesite powder by 3 - 3.5 kg/ton steel. 2) In cooperation with the Chelyabin-
skiy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy institut metallurgil (Chelyabinsk Scientific Re-
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search Institute of Metallurgy) tests were carried out to blow oxygen In large-
capacity open-hearth furnaces through two tuyeres In the crown, at a rate of
1,200 m3/h. The head of the tuyeroo was kept at a 150 - 300 mm d1stance from
the bath lovIl. Oxygen consumption of the torch decreaseq to 1,000 - 1,200 m3/h
from 2,500 m 1h. Feeding oxygen 'at a rate of 5.8 - 7.4 rrP/ton and an intensity
of 1,100 - 1,200 m3/h reduced the casting time by 45 - 59 min. The specific
fuel consumption decreased by 4.7 - 9.2%, the total. specific oxygen consumption
by .1.2 - 4.5 m3/ton, the average hourly yield of the furnace increased by 6.2 -
9.0%. The new method does not affect the service life of the furnace. 3) The
macrostructure of 1 PH T (lKhNT) steel, from which the steering wheel spokes of
cars are made, can be improved by using A.""T (AMS) alloy for reduction. The
waste decreases by-a factor of 3 as compared to the steel reduced by silico-
chrome.* The metal temperature prior to reduction should be 1,610 - 1,6250C.
The pouring rate must ensure lifting of the metallevel with uniform skin from
1/3 of the ingot mold height. 4) Pouring rimming steel in 7.3-ton ingots (in-
stead of 5.7 ton) on six-position ing9t mold stools through a ladle spout 50 mm
in diameter, reduced the casting time by 20 - 30 min. The prescribed pouring
rate (220 280 mm/min) was not affected. 5) In open-hearth furnaces working by
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the scrap-ore method, 115 - 70% ore was replaced by an agglomerate with a basici-
tY of 0.75 - 1.14 and containing 48.7 - 58.3% Fe; 20 24.6% FeO; 54.3 - 59.0%
FC203; 0.055 - 0.085% 3; 10.7 - 12.0% S102; and 5.6 13.8% CaO. Due to its
lower oxidizing capacity the consumption of the agglomerate exceeded that of the
ore by 12%. During smelting the basicity of the agglomerate increased by 0.1
0.3. If all the ore is replaced by agglomerate (of a 0.8 - 1.0 basicity) the
amount of limestone should be reduced by 1%. The P and S content of the cast
iron remained unchanged, the P- content of the metal decreased during smelting
by 0.007 - 0.016%, the smelting time was shortened by 4%. The new method does
not affect the metal quality. 6) In the last 3 years the annual production of
steel increased by 27.5, 22.4 and 12.8% in large, medium and small furnaces.
The smelting time in medium and large furnaces increased @iue to the high silicon
content of the pig Iron, the considerable fluctuations in the silicon and sulfur
content, the high slag residue. 7) In cooperation with the Chelyabinsk Scien-
tific Research Institute 6f Metallurgy tests were made to produce semi-killed
steel. The chemical capping was carried out by adding 1154 or 754 feirrosilicon
in amounts yielding a 120 - 300 g/ton silicon content in the steel for vahous
Intervals after the ingot mold was filled. Head-crop was It 5%. Upon adding
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-@El@ -4

A
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400 g/ton 757% ferrosilicon, the steel corresponded to -'!')CT380-6o (GOST 380-
-1 11. rostructure, the steel grade
001 As,however, cavities were found in the ma,.
cann.%z replace those coming under GOSr 1050-60. Mechanical capping was effected
by pouring Into bottle-shaped molds. The steel obtained was more homogeneous
than rimming steel, only increased sulfur liquation was observed at a level cor-
responding to 18 - 25% from the top. 8) The effect of ferrous oxides in the
slag before reduction on the quality of 12XH3A (12KhN3A), 12X2H4A (12Kh2N4A)
and 20k 2H 4 A (2OKh2N4A) grades was studied in cooperation with the Chelyabin-
skiy politekhnicheskiy institut (Chelyabinsk Polytechnic Institute). A ferrous
oxide content of 12 - 18% did not affect the mechanical properties of steel, nor. 1-1--/
'the oxygen content In the ladle, proving that oxidation of the metal by the slag
during tapping is Inconsiderable. An Increased ferrous oxide content in the
slag prior to reduction had some effect on the burning of silicon, manganese and
chrome. To simplify the smelting process of the above-mentioned steels, the
Iron content in the slag prior to reduction can be increased from 12 to 14%. 9)
In the o8Xn (08kp) steel grade smelted in large furnaces the S-content In-
creased considerably. To reduce it, the pig Iron used should not contain more S
than 0.04%; during charging about 10% ferromanganese should be added to promote
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At the Chelyabinnkly rnetallurgicheskly ....
desulfurization; th
slag and caked masso
to 16 m3; for large
the S-content of pig
dium-size furnaces.
pig iron feeding ladles
the capacity of the *lag
furnaces double chutes
iron exceeds 0.04%, the
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must be cleaned carefully from
removing ladle should be increased
should be used for slag removal. If
08kp grade should be 5melted In me-
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AUTHORS: Keys, N.V.; Komissarov, A.I.
TITLE: At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod (Chelyabinsk Metallurgi-
cal Plant)
PERIODICAL: Stal', no. 7, 1962, 6@6 - 637
TEXT: i) M 437F) (EI43 ) grade steel, (2oo mri square section) was tested
NB
for its mechanical properties and heat resistance. The specimens used for this
purpose were partly dra;m and partlyipset, but subjected to the same heat treat-
ment. The microstructure of the upset specimens was uniform -over the whole section
and corresponded to an Index of 2 - 3 in accordance with the table issued by the
Zavod "Elektrostal"' ("Elektrostall" Plant). The drawn specimens had a nonuniform
macrostructure, with grains varying between indices 0.5 - 6 of the table mentioned.
The strength limit, relative elongation and compression values wer,_- higher for tile
upset than for the drawn specimens. 2) Contrary to standard practice, i-ton round
section ingots of 20 X L5H (2OKhl5N3MA). [,L; @4 -1 (DI-1)] grade steel were* placed
into the pusher-type furnace when hot, next they were cooled and finished on grind-
Ing machines without having been tempered beforehand. No cracks were observed on
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those ingots, whereas surface defects occur on those which, according to the con-
ventional technology, are first roughed before beLng placed into the pusher-type
furnace and tempered prior to being processed on *@he grinding machine. The new
method involving charging In hot condition cuts the technological cycle of the pro-
ducticn by 8 days and increases the serviceable oittput by 5%. 3).To increase the
productivity of the 1,100 blooming mill fewer pasces are applied, the steel grades
have been re-classified in four classes Instead ol' three according to their deL'orma-
tion resistance and this permitted a decn@ase in the niunber of passer, by two for - ,-"
SoCt grades; the main drive of the blooming mill was converted to ionic drive con-
trol. The new method, omitting two passes, increased the productivity by 9.8,%,
the current value (when passing in the second grocve), by o.4 - o.6 ka, the geo-
metric mean current for various profiles by 3 - 10%,. 4) 40X (40j(h), 45X (45lih),
45'-"2 (115G2), ',.OA'rTP (-mhm), 4o XFTP(4)1OiGTji), 30@"C/1 (3OKhGSA), 65 1` (65o),
and Oki 24@ (OKhN2F) steel grades were flame-scarf-ad when cold. After 10 days'
storage, cracks on the 111ame-scarfed surface were only fotmd for the 2OHhGTR and
4o KhGTR grades. FInme-scarfing at 3000C deteriorated the surface quality of pro-
ducLs made of 55C2 (55S2) aridWy 15 (SfIM15) steeL. 5) A study was made of the
accuracy of the rolled product (in 16 sizes) on th) 300-1, 350 and 300-2 stands.
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On the two t'irst stands the vertical diareater of the rolled section shohrd an In-
creaoe it its end, while on the 300-P stand this i-as the case for both ends. Re-
';octs and focond gratle output t'ov the, thive stsnd@, amountl,@d to 2.4, 1.0 and 1.3.3%
J -
respectively. 6) 2,( 13-4X 1-3 (mil3_4Ybi)) wo - 30J mm, blooms were tempered at
7JOOC instead of being annealed at 8000C. 'Die dj3 hardness of the steel was 4.o
4.1@ nim when applying the new method which eliminated hot cracks. Moreover, the
servicing of fhe heating furnace became easier and the productivity was raised by
1-5'@- 7) To increase the capacity of the 8W-nm stand, the rolling of ingots
weighing 1.4 ton (upper section: 4L>3 x 420 rn, 'bottom section: x 3,,;6 r-n, heig,.t
of the ingot body: 1210 mm, conicity 3.8%, riser volume: 19.5% of the ingot volL@,ne_)
was introduced. Phe quality of the metals tested was satisfactory with the ex-
ception of the:.:_ \ 15 (ShKh15) grade. it, tih-, 1.4-toll ingot@ of this grade a higher
axial porosity was observed than In the 1.115 ton ingots, therefore the conicity
increased -to 4.Tg. By rolling larger ingots, the productivity was raised by 7%.
8) Tests were carried out to find the causes of coarse-grained structuree for-mation
in the OXH (4wo-ji ), 40 @ (4owzm), 2OX H 3A (2OMiN3A) and 30XFCA (@OKhGSA)
steel grades. Cracks due to this structure In hEirdened specimens of 40KWJ and
40)0u%'MA grades arv caused by cooling the blooms -.n air prior to heat treatment,
The notch toughness of transverse specimens decreases by a factor of 2. The craclz
Card 3/5

s/i 3316 2/ooo/oo7/0 lo/10 14
At the Chelyabinskiy..... A054/A127
in the-201(h113A grade are caused by overheating the ingots before rolling. This
can lbe rectified by subsequent normalization at 9000C. 9) A study was made of the
effect of ce rium-modifl. cation on macrostructure, microstructure, mechanical prop-
erties and ductility at the temperature of hot me-chanical treatment, of the
18 (18KhUVA), (3OKhOSA), 12K 2H, 4A (IM2144A), @ 17H 2 (Kh17112)
and - X' 18H 12"'; 2 T (lKh18N1242T) steel grade@u. C3rium wits added to the various
grades in different ways. After cerium modificatlon, -the strength limit and
e,lon gation values increased for the 18HhNVA grade, whereas its notch toughness
was reduced. The strength limit, yield point and notch toughness increased in the
30MnGSA grade and Its re-lative compression decreaned; in the iahaft and Xh17112
grades cerium caused a deterioration of the mechanical properties, whereas it
ensured a dense macrostructure and good corrosion resistance in the lKhl8Nl2M2T
grade. 10) To eliminate blister formation In 500--kg Ingots (with a 5.7% conicity)
OCY,15@46o M151-i6o) and IX 2OH80 (MM180) chrome-nickel steels (sometimes '25%
of the ingots proved defective), the oxidized skir must penetrate into the riser,
it was found. For this purpose the ingot diameter under the riser was increased
from 335 to 355 mm, while its upper opening was reduced from 230 to 190 mm. In
83-mm rods produced by this method, no blisters were found. 11) The causes of
low ductility of:)Vi 4376 (in437B) steel shown in transverse cracks at th@ begir)-
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At the Chelyabinskly .....
s/i33/62/ooo/007/010/014
A054/A127
rking of forging were studied. As these cracks are absent i=ndlately after cast-
itig, they are evidently caused by slow cooling from the forging temperature. The
mechanical proportion and long-torm strength of low-ductility specimens conform to
the prescriptions ( '13 - go.8 + no.6 kg/mm2, (_C. 14 24,14, ki@- 16.7 27.3%,
ak = 3.0 6.5 kgm/cm2, long-term strength 106 197 hours).
Card 5/5

--KEYS, N.V.; GOLIKOV, Ye.S.; TULIN, N.A.; KOKARN, II.I.; ZIIUKOV, D.G.
"Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces" by A.D. Krnma ov.
Stall 22 no.1:42 Ja '62. (MIPJ, 14:12-)
1. Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod i Urullskiy institut
chernykh metallov.
(Steel--Electrometallurgy)
Hi,

KEYSP N.V.; KOMISSAROVt A.I.
Research carried out at the Chelyabinsk metaIlurgical plant.
Stall 22 no,6-"525,572 Je 162, (MIRA 16:7)
(Steel-Elactrmetallurgy)
(open-hearth process)

GOLIDSHAYN, Ya.Ye., kand.tekhn.nauk,- ZELIDOVIC11) V.I., inzh.; KEYS, N.V.)
0 irizh.3 VAYMHUYN, O.Ya., inzh-.;--'
inzh.; K06"OVSKIY, L.D.,
SHMATKO) L66, inzho
Effect of treating liquid chromiurp-nickel steel by cerium on
the characteristics of its crystallization. Stall 22 no.3:25&-
261 11-tr 162. (2-11PA 15-3)
1. Chelyabinskiy naucimo-issledovateliskiy inatitut metallurgii
i Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod.
(Chromium-nickel steel--Metallography) (Cerium)

V. V. ; KOMISSAROV . A. 1.
Increaoing the importance of plant laboratories by the
ntroduction of'scientific ane technological innovations.
Zav.lab. 28 no.1:117-118 162. (KMA 15:2)
1,, Nachallnik TSentrallnoy zavodskoy laboratoril Chelyabinskogo
met4LUurgicheakogo zavoda (for Keys). 2. Zameatitell naChallinika
TSentrallnoy savodskoy laboratorii Chelyabinakogo metallurgicheakogo
zavoda (for Komisear,60.
(Chelyabinok-Metal-lurgical laboratories)

Imm, V.V.; KCHISSAROV, A.I.
Reaearch by the ChelyabinBk Metallurgical Plant. Stall 22
no.7:604-W5y618-6I9s636-637,651 ji 162o (IIIRA 15:7)
(Metallurgical reaearch)

KEYSIA.V.; VAYNSHTEYN, O.Ya.; KHRYUKINA, V.A.; KAMINA, L.A.; KORABLEV,
Ye.I.
Use of nickel-bearing emery dust in open hearth furnaces.
Metallurg 7 no.2:20-21 F 162. (MIRA 15:3)
1. Ghelyabinskiy metallurgiclieskiy zavod.
(Open-hearth furnace:3-Equipment and supplies)
(Metallurgical plants-By-products)

KEYS N.V.; KOMIS8AROV., A.I.
.1
At the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plants Stall
22 no.10:916 0162
(MIRA 15:10)
(Ingot molds)

S/130/63/000/001/001/008
Aoo6/A1oJ
AUTHORS: Galyan, V. S., Zhukov, D. Uahakov, S. T.,
Khayrutdinov, R. M., Shatal.ov, bl. I.
TITLE: Improving the transformer steel melting techniques
PERIODICAL: Metallurg, no. 1, 1963, 13 - 14
TEXT; Previous transformer steel melLing techniques were based on the
combined oxidizing of carbon with iron ore and oxygen, and diffusion deoxidation
of the metal with ferrosilicon admixture. The cold rolled steel produced by
this technique showed unsatisfactory magnetic properties. During 1959 and 1960
some improvements were made at the IM including the use of an Increased amount
of iron ore for oxidation of Cr, MIg and P; redvction of the carbon and manganese
content; decreased oxidation of the metal during melting, more complete.deoxi-
dation of the steel during the reduction period. A more accurate correlatioh of
iron-ore and admixtures in the metallic portion of the charge, increased slag
amount, strict observatiort of temperature conditions during oxygen blast, and an
increased amount of silico-calcium, were the improvements achieved. On the basis
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"/130/63/000/001/001/OW
Improving the transformer steel Melting techniques
. I .AOO6/AjOj
of the new techniquej; trajjsformer's@c@(..].
IM'L5 ;:@el ted In ahigil capacity electric
furnace in 1961. To reduce Metal oxidlatior, j_@t tile beginning of the oxidation
Pe"'Od, M'@' cast It-on was added't6 "he charge; the OPtimum metal temperatures
were established at the end Of oxygen blast (1,591) - 1,6200c) and in the ladle
(1,570 - 1,5900C). The content-cir Oxide in thc@ slag decreased at the elid
Of melting to 28 - 31'5' and at Lho-efld Of Lhe c@xldation period to 38 - 141%. rhe
carbon content after Oxygen blast excet@ded 0,03,i, in 80% of heats, and the manga-
nese content was not below 0.05 - 0,06%. Ar) a result the magnetic properties of
0-35 Mm thick sheets were improved. There Is I table.
Card 212

AI.YM) L.A., inzb.; VAY14SHTFYN, O.Ya., in*.; -91q, N.V., inzb.; LUBEMS, I.A.,
inzh,.; SMIMOV, Yu.Doo inzh.; FMOVj S.G.p inzh.
Production oft St. 5ps senAkilled steel for concrete reinforcements.
Stall 23 no.4020-321 Ap 163. (MMA 16:4)
(Steel,, Structural-Metallurgy) (Concrete reinforcements)

3/133/63/000/004/00YOll
A054/A126
AUTHORS-. Zhukov, D. G., Yeys, It., Malinovskaya, T. I., Golikov, Ye. S.,
Engineers
TITLE. Improving the molting technology of 18 X11BA (18KWA) steel
PMODICAL: Stall, no. 4, 1963, 328 - 330
TOCT: The molting technology mostly used for the 18EWA grade does not
ensure a dense macrostructure. Testo with'L 30 - 40 min shorter reduction pe-
riod did not improve the metal struci;ure. fccording to the theory of Miolin the
metal will contain less non-metallic inclusions if there is a greater amount of
glolyular crystals In the central part of the ingot and the diverging forces to-
wards the periphery will be distributed on a larger area,'hereby preventing the
inta7granular cracking. Based on this theory, a new technology with two variants
waa teated, one of them ensuring complete oxidation and the other being carried
out with the remelting of wastes. In the f3,rzt variant the oxidizing slag was
tapped and fresh slag (lime + fluor), amoun'ting to 1.5,,Z' of the charge was added
;,;hen the C-content of the metal reached 0.25 - 0.2Qp". Next the slag was melted
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S/133/63/000/004/003/011
ImProving the melting technology of... A054/A126
and mixed, the bath was blown through with oxygen (through a 1" or 3/4" pipe)
until the C-content decreased to 009 - 0.11%. Then slag was tapped, ferrod=me
and forrotungsten were added and the slag (Aiich trust be kept in liquid condi-
tion) was mixeu with 80 - 100 kg crushed co!@e. The reduction with coke lasted
25 minutes. The temperature of the: metal prior to tapping the first slag was
1,64o - i,660c. In the second variant the
1,600 - 1,62000,after 02-blow"181
charge was composed to attain 0.35 - o.45@ C during smelting. Slag Wa.'"s tapped
at a C-content of 0.25 0.20%, fri)sh slag was added rnd oxygen was blown into
the bath until a 0.09 0.10,15' C co-atent was obtained. The metal temperature was
1,580 - 1,6000C prior to blowing while after it was 1,600 - 1,6200C. Otherwise
the standard technology was maintained. The tests showed that blowing oxygen in
the bath lowered the hydrogen concentration in the metal by o.9 cm3/loo g metal
and it amounted to about 3.57 - 4,b3 cm3/100 g metal during therefining period.
and to 4.4 cm3/100 g of the finialied metal. Transcrystallization developed
weakly and intercrystalline oraolat did not form, . Comparison of 40 test heats
and 76 conventional ones showed that of the former O.GV had to be rejected due
to lamination, against 2.55% of Vle conventional heats, while the corresponding
values for cracking were 0.64 ar-A 2.20%, and for blisters 0.98 and 1.47% re-
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'P

3/133/63/000/004/003/011
Improving the melting technology of... A054/A126
spectively. The mechanical propertLes are represented by the following values
(numerators: test steel, denominators: conventional steel):
OB' kg/mm2 as, kg/mm2 % QjO % a , kgm/cM2 dB, M
k
.a-O- 121 D.6 61.8 42.2
125 115 14.0 60T. -1 U., 3.10
The tests were carried out in co-operation with Novozhilov and Cherepannikova.
There are 2 figures.
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3/133/63,/000/004/004/011
A054/A126
A17MORS: Keys, 11. V., Komissarov, A. 1.
T=: At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskly zavod (Chelyabinsk Metal-
lurgical Plant)
PERIODICAL: Stall, no. 4, 1963# 336 337
TEXT: 1. To improVe ductility and corrosion resistance of the X IS H 10T
(KIEN10T) stainless steel, the motal tempori-6ture prior to blowing oxygen was
raised to 1,600 - 1,6200C, titanium was addod after feeding lime-containing slag,
This made it possible to reduce the cindering oE nickel after 0 -blowing and
stabilize the degree of titanium adzorptioni Still better resu?ts were expected
of the use of a slag with a higher lime.content. The first slag was tapped after
the first reduction with silicon and coke (2 kg/ton), next fresh slag, contain-
ing 1% lime and 0.25% fluor (of 'the charge weight) w&s added. Reduction after
0 ro-
2-blowing was carried out with it smaller anount of silicon and lumps of fer
silic,)n and ferrochrome, calculating a 13 - 14% Cr content in the melt. The
waste due to.corrosion in the test heats was 8.5 and 3.6% (as against 13% in the
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S/133/63/000/004/oo4/oli
At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod... Ao54/A126
conventional ones), on account of a more thorough reduction of the metal prior
to adding ferrotitaAum. At a 0.1% C content the optimum amount of titanium
should be 0.5 - 0.6%. The corroi3ion resist3noe of the X18 H9T M16*T) and
X 17 H 13 M2T (Kh17N13-12t) gradea was improved by the addition of rare eax4th
element3 (0.06 - 0.12%), and t1w ductility of the metal, its casting properties
and surface became also better. 2. Tests were carried out in co-operation with
the Chelyabinskiy nauchno-issledDVatellskiy institute metallurgii (Chelyabinsk
Scientific Research Institute of Metallurgy) to improve the '@JHXIOA (3D4hMYuA)
grade. The steel was melted in large electric furnaces either with a fresh
charg;e or with the oxygen-remelting of alloy scrap. Prior to tapping the oxi-
dizing slag, the bath was reduced by 5 kg/ton cast Iron, and after deslagging
by calciiLm silicate*, ferrosiliccm and alumLnum (4,1 and 0.3 kg/ton respectively).
The 2.65 ton ingots were cast with carbon tetrachloride. 2 - 3,1t lime in the
charge reduced the sulphur contentof the matal by 0.001% and the phosphor con-
tent by 0.003%. The pouring of the metal w3z prolonged to 140 - 170 sea at a
metal temperature in the ladle of 1,575 - 1,58oOc and to 160 - 190 see at 1,585
1,.5900C. As compared to !%.'l, the waste was reduced from 13.9 to 3.8% in the
metallurgical plant and at the user's plant from 5,6 to 2.rp. 3. In co-opera-
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M

S/133/63/OW/004/004/011
At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskLy zavod... Ao54/Ai26
tion with the Chelyabinsk Scientific Research Institute of Metallurgy, tests
were made to reduce the non-metallia inclusions in the 30 XrC A (3OKhOSA) grade.
The best results were obtained w@.th a rapid Pnd intense oxidation at 1,0520 -
1,6400C, with preliminary reduct!.on by cast I.ron, manganese silicate, aluminum,
coke 0 - 1.5 kg/ton during 15 m:Lnutes) and VerroBilicon powder (5 kg/ton) in
three batches, mixing 1 kg/ton aluminum in the 2nd and 3rd batch. The test met81
contained hardly any globules; the amount and the size of oxide inclusions was
somewhat higher than usual, but istill bel(ror the standard limit. 4. 2.65-ton in-
gots of the UIX 15 (ShKh15), 38M4YuA, @301=SA,' 18 XHBA (187@UWA), etc. grades
were cast in uniformly walled molds. Their durability decreased from 26 to 21
castings without, however, increasing the cast iron consumption (60 k&/ton).
The macrostructure of the test steels waszbout the same as when using conven-
tional molds, 6nly.the axial porosity was found to have slightly increased.
5. In co-operation with the Chelyabinsk Scientific Research Institute of Metal-
lurgy, tests were made to melt eleat@aatcel vith cast iron previously refined in
a converter. For thin purpose a discarded 200-ton ladle was used, over which a
smoke canopy was mounted. A water-cooling tuyere with a 45-mm outlet was set in
the opening of the canopy. Oxygen consumption was 15 3U m3/m1n., steam con-
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S/133,/63/000/004/004/011
At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgioheskiy zavod... A054/AI26
sumption 30 - 50 M3/hour; blowing took 50 - 70 minutes. To protect the lining
and to dilute slag, maximum amounts of 2.5% lime and 1% iron-ore were added dur-
ing melting. The content of various additives before (numerator)and after (deno-
minator) oxygen blowing was:
C 31 VIn 3 F
4.18 0.99 1.19 1125A 0.162
3.42 0. 30 0.45 0.045 0,127
Previously refined cast iron amounting to 5Q,75 of the metal-charge weight was
used for Y 7A-Y12A (WrA-U12A) and ShKh15 g.rades. 'The smelting time was'
shortened by 39 minutes or 10%; electric power consumption decreased by 20%.
6, A technology was established-for melting stainless steel in large-capacity
arc furnaces. After several failures the cooling of the bath (by adding ferro-@
chrome), the addition of alloying elements, the reaution of the slag were undei
control. The operating period at increased power'.f4as shortened. After blowing,
silicomang.anese was added to the slag. Metal cinder amounted to an average oP
8.5 of the charga weight.; the adsorption of chromne attained 82%. 'In dependence
of the C-content and 02-pres.Tare, blowing lasted 50 80 minutes. Zhe macro-
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S/133/63/000/004/004/011
At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheakly zavod... A0541A126
structure of steel was satisfactory. The heats with a higher index for the
alpha-phase had a chrome-nickel ratio betweea 1.78 and 1.95. 7. The technology
for Cd08X2OH1or6 (SbOft2ON1OG6) grade (with an increased ductility) has
'u
boen established. The steel was melted in small are f rnaces with the remelting
ok, stainless steel scrap, oxygen blowing in the bath and reftning under white
SIlag. The welding rods made from the steel at the Beloretskiy metallurgicheskiy
kombinat (Beloretok Metallurgical Plant) displayed low ductility, both during
production and in use. Ductility waz- found to depend on the final metal temper-
ature, the chrome content of the bath during blowing and the content of P, Cr,
Ni and C in the steel. In the low-ductility heats the ladle temperature, the
P and C content and the amount of the alpha-phase were too high, the Cr:Ni ratio
was too low. The highest ductility was obtained when modifying with ferrocerium
after the final reduction by aluminum (0.5 kg/ton). 8. The slags obtained in
melting highly heat-resistant alloys and master alloys contain very little FeO,
Cr 0 SiO reduaing oxides and a relatively large amount of calcium oxides and
2 f 2
calc luorite, therefore they can be used in slog forming prior to the addi-
tion of ferrotitanium in melting stainless steels, hereby increasing the titanium'
adsorption from 44.05 to 50.3%. This kind of slag contains 17 20% nickel re-
Card 5/7
17
4" 41

S/133/63,/000/004/004/011
At the Chelyabinskly metallurgicheskiy zavod... A054/Ai26
sidue after the melting of nickel alloys and saves nickel (4 kg,/t), 18-% ferro-
titanium (6.5 kg/t), XpGOO (KhrOOO) ferrochrome (0.6 kg/t), fluor (1-3 k9/t)
and lime (10 kg/t) when used in melting, Cr-Xi steels. 9. A now composition was
established (in co-operation with the Vostochniyy nauchno-issledovatellskiy
institut ogneuporoviastern Scientific Research Institute of Refractory Materials)
induc'ion furnace crucibles, ensuring a longer service life, containing
fused magnesite with the following granulometric distribution: 4 - 2 mm: 25%,
2 - I mm: 35%, 1 - 0.09 mm: 2D%, 0.09 - 0 min: 20%. Crucibles of this material
have a durability of 26 malts and it lower tendency to coking with other materials.
The macrostructure of metals melted in such crucibles improved. 10. In co-
operation with the Institut elektrosvark:L im. Ye. 0. Patona (Institute of Elec-
tr6weldinZ Imeni Ye. 0. Paton) the technology for the A14-1 (DI-1) (20X 15H3MA/
2OKhl_@:q,134A) grade was establi'shed, using electroslag remelting, in a 300-mm diara-,
eter crystallizer. For ingots of 600 - 630 kg the AH4-6 (W-6) fluxing agent
was used in an amount of 2o - 28 kg/ingot. The ingots had a smooth surface.
rrhe
I -silicon content df the steel was reduced by 0.04 - 0. 1&%, that of sulphur
from 8 - 6 to 6 - 4 - io'3%, the macrostructure of the metal was flawless; the
values for strength and ductility xirere nearly identical in longitudinal and
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At the ChelyabInakly metallurgicheskiy zavod... A054/AI26
@ransverse specimins. The index for oxide inclusions decreased from 3 - 5 to
Q-5 - 1, that of sulfides from 2.5 - 3.5 to 0.-5. 11. Tests were made to study
the annealing, decarburization and red-hot stability of the P18 (R18) grade.
The test metal was annealed in a compartment furnace by heating to 8600C at a
1600/h rate, with holding for 0.5 17^on, cooling to 7000C at a 300/h rate, fol-
lowed by air cooling. To shorten the time of increased temporatures, when de-
carburization takes place more intensely, the charge weight was limited to 10 t,
but lateron increased to 20 t. The furnace output was raised from 0.48 to o.65
t/h, the decarbuiized layer changed only slightly by 0.15 - 0.2 mm. Red-hot sta-
bility was:tested on 90 - 100 mm diameter forged rods that were heated to W
8600C, oil-hardened at 1,2800Cnext annealed three times at 5600C with one-hour
holding and then air-cooled. The hardness of the specimens was between 62 and
64 R.. Subsequently - they --were-again- anneali4d- at -62DOC with a holding tin, e- of---
.4 h and then air-cooled.
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i-A
S/133/63/OW/004/0(4/011
A054Ai26
AUTHORS: Keys, N. V. Komissarov, A. I.
TITLE. At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod (Chelyabinsk Metal-
lurgical Plant)
PERIODICAL: Stal', no. 4, 1963, 353
TrXT: 1. To reduce the surface to be processed by grinding wheels, ingots
were gi,,en a semi,ciroular shape and their weight was increased from 1,115 to
1,290 kg. The semi-spherical shap* is machine-planed, the fl&t parts are fi-
nished with grtnding wheels. The new, heavier ingots increased the productivity
by 8-5/j, reduced the labor required for surface finishing by a factor of 2 and
reduced the number of grinding wheels "ed to 4,300 per 1,000 ton casting.
2. The ductility of 1 X 18H 9 T (1m,18N9T) grade decreased when the composition
was modified by.the MOT 5632-61 (GOST 562,2-61), reducing the nickel content.
To improve this, heats with an c@-phase indexed by 2.5 or more were subjected to
a stepped heat treatment, lasting 12 hoursp(luring which the ingots were kept for
5 hours at a lower (1,180 1,2000C) temperature. The ingots should be heated
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S/133/63/000/004/006/011
At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod... Ao54/AI26
in cell-type soaking pits of a high heat capacity. 4. To reduce the carbide in-
homogeneity in 160 - 180 mm X12M (KhI214) forged pieces, forging is carried out
vi, intermediate strips according to the following pattern- 280 x 220 --), 240 x
x @80 -> 24o x 180 --->180 x 180 mm and with homogenization of the slabs. As com-
pared to oval slabs those forged according to the above pattern have a carbide
inhomogeneity index reduced by one. Homogenization at 1,1800C for 50 hours with
a subsequent surface machining deareased'.this index for 140 mm, circular sections
by 2. 5. Chrome-aluminum alloy ingots ( X13104/Khl4Yu4, OX 23 M5/OW3Yu5,
OX27-'05A/OKh27yu5A) usually finished on lathes and subsequently by pneumatic
haminiers are successfully surface-tveated with grinding wheels. The ingots must
be thoroughly heated to 5500C with grinding taking place in the 550 - 2300C rurge.
6. The X13104 (KhlYuli) ingots which were hitherto fed in a pusher type furnace
while hot were tested to be cooled in unhea-@ed soaking pits to 500C in go hours.
After surface finishing they were fed into the furnace with.a temperature of ,
3500C at the rear part and heated for 20 hours, but these ingots displayed inner
concentrioal cracks during forging. Better results were obtained with ingots
that were fed into the furnace at 7000C, held for 10 - 12 hours, after which
they were furnace-cooled to 500C in 48 - 72 hours. The 90-r,-,,n and 130 - 16o mm
Sq@iare sections forg,@d from these ingots haada,satisfaotor ductility and did
rq fl awl
hereb
d 2/2
ar
C

I
KEYS, N.V. inzh.; KOMISSAROVI A.I., inzh.; MYSINAO G.Ye.,, irlzh.; DONETS2 R.N.,
Studying the harden4bility of bearing steel produced by the Chelyabinsk
MataIlurgical Plantv Stall 23 no.4-360-362 Ap 163. (MIRA 16:10
1. Chelyabinakiy metem urgicheskiy zavod.
1@ (Bearing metplsllardening)

S/133/63/000/004/009/011
Ao54/A126
AUMORS: Keys, N. V., Komissarov, A. I.
TITLE: At the Chelyabinskly metallurgichesidy zavod (Chelyabinsk Metal-
lurgical Plant)
FERIODICALT: Stal', no. 4. 1961. 364
TEXT: 1) Tests were carried out to shorten the cooling time of X 17H 2
(]QhIM) grade ingots. After Pasting and stripping the ingots were laid out
ouside for I hour. They were set in the furnace at 500C for 24 - 72 hours and
annealed at 6700C for 48 hours. No cracks were found in the ingots after this
treatment. Accelerated cooling was also applied to forgings with double anneal-
ing. The first takes place in the soaking pits of the forging workshop, the
second-in the heat treatment department. To shorten the holding time during an-
nealing for 120 mm square sections, the Incubation period of crack formation and
the hardness of the metal was studied after 10, 15 and 20 hours holding time at
670OC; in each case the hardness was nearly identical and according to standards.
No cracks were observed in 120 mm square and 170 mm circular sections during 45
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S/133/63/000/004/009/011'
At the Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod... A054/A126
days and 6 months periods. The annealing time of the 120 mm squares in the
forging shop was shortened by applying a 12-hour holding time. The now measures
reduced the total production cycle by 1 1/2 days and greatly relived the soaking
pits that formed the bottle necks in the production process. 2) According to a
new technology, the lUX15 (ShKh15) grade rolled sections are heated at a maximum
possible rate to 7900C, hold for I h/t, cooled at a 20OC/h rate to 68000, next
held for 6 hourz, then cooled in 2 hours under the hood and in air. Over-an-
nealing in respect of the pearlite phaze could be reduced from 2.15 to 0.48%.
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AGMSION NR: Ald=hILO S10137163100010121VO381VO38
soURCEI RM Metallurgiyal Abe. 12V284
AUTHCRt Galyant Vo So) Keysj,_',No Vol Khayrutdinovs R. M.1 Ushakovs So To
TITLEt @Jslting electric steel with the use of molten pig iron in the charge
CITED SOURCEi Sbe Teoriya i praktika metallurgiiet Chelyabinaks vy*p. 5j 1963P
63-69
TOPIC TAGSt Electric steel wlting,, pig ironp'high carbon steel meltingj,
electric furnace
T.UhSLATION3 Experimental meltings sdth molten pig iron were carried out in a
90-t are furnace, The feasibility of melting high-carbon steels in this electric
furnace, using 30-40% of molten pig iron$ was establi6heds When such a charge
is use6, the duration of the melting is reduced by 8-10%,, and the consumption of
eLe,.-T,i-isal energy is decrened by 15-20%9 Do Keshayevas
DATE ACQ: o9jan64 SUB CODE: ML ENCL: 00
Card 1/1

SN
i. A /t; -,j L, 1
i Lair i J/
7,7-

--L-17L61-63
q
ACCESSION Mt AP3004783 8/0129/63/000/008/001!@/6623
A10THORZ: Keys, N* V I Komissarovo A. To
TIT LEE -. 'Use of cerium for modification of construction and stainless steels
L ast iron
SOURCE -, Mletallovedenlye I termichesksia obrabotka. metallov, no. 8t 19639 19,-@23
TOPIC TAGSt. stainless steel, machinery amstruction steel, Ce, cerium, cast iront
ferro ceri=
ABSTIRACTs Authors were part of a group wbich carried out teats devoted to the
employment of cerium as a steel modifier, Purpose of these tests wasgo reduce
the hydrogen content in 40 W steel, which is vusceptible to flaklp
_6vand to
remove the bright spots which were encountered in the fractures of-U7SV axle steel
.@.tures upon th roperti a of construction
samples. The effect of forrocerlux admi e e
-on ing =Olds. The tests showed
steels and an increasing the strength ON cast ix
@that an Ad=ixture of ferrooerium to th4 40 W and OS'Ifteels brings about A
reduction in the sulfur contentg lowerin-g-W-tbe critical points and increase in
strength. Tests on IMNU. 30ZW M=4A9 FhlT,%2 and MIMN12= nteela
corroborated the poasibffty,of usV rare ea h metall as modifiers, r Improv-

L 17b6i-63
ACCZ5SION Rs AP3004783
ing the steel's quality* Ferrocerium admixtures lower the steel's susceptibility
to flaking. The resistance of Ingot molds from cerium cast iron is I-Fj times
greater than.those from raw cast iron. The amount of complex modifier depenfs
uDon the sulfur content. The advantage of the cerium mcd1fler is that it can be
introduced into ordinary ladles without the erectlon of autoclaves and special
ebambera because a violent reaction of the modifier vith the cast iron does rot
e place, Origs. art. has, 3 figures and 4 teLbles.
ASSCC1r,.IOAt Chelyabinakiy'.CLetai-t~u-~g-iciies-kkJiy-zi~v-o-d-(Chelyabinsk-m-etanurgiciL
works)
i SUMUMED1 00 WE ACQi Mwlep6w? 11M. C L t00
SVB COM YL NO 1W SM 000
CTE t 000

L 1 --AFFTCjAM---JD/J0-
ACCESSION NRi AP
3004786 S/0129/63/000/008/0033/0038
AMOR: Savitokiyo Ye. M.; K2ysL H. V.) Popov, V. F.; L3ribimov,, V. ff.;
MM: Emrtie of Khl8NM2T tainless steel containing oxides of rarmt-earth
me W13
7/
SOURCEt 14etallove4eniye I termicheakays. obiabotka metallov, no, 1, 1963, 33-38
TOPIC TAGS: Xhl8Hl2142T stainless steel, AISI 316T steel,, r -earth metal o3dde
addition, optimum smount,, steel tensile strength,, room-tecperature ductillty,, hot
ductility, formability microstructure
ABSTRACT: The effect of 0.08 and 0.10 additions of rare-earth metal (m) o 'x1des
on properties of M18111242T (AISI 316T] stainless steel has been Investigated in
three production-scale heats, The oxides were put In a 40-ton preheated IVAUe
5-8 min before tapping the furnace and casting the steel Into 4.5-ton Ingots.
Test specimens were cut from the top, middle, and bottom sections of the Ingots.
Ductility characteristics of rolled metal were meesured both along and across
the direction of rolling. Steel ingots with REM oxides were found to have a
Card

- ---- -------------- .- - - - - - - - -
L4 WL 6 3
:,ACCESSION DR: AP3004786
dense flawless surface requiring only sligbt surface conditioning and a fine
dense macrostructure without tracen of segregation. Rolled blooms also had no
surface defects. The amount of ferrite in REM-oxide-treated steel was 50 to
75% smaller than in untreated steel, and its distribution along the ingot height
was more uniform. Addition of RE24 oxides improved steel formability and resist-
ance to intercrystalline corrosion and iacreased the yield by about 0.5%. An
addition of 0.08% M4 oxides increased the room-temperature tensile strength by
11.5% and the yield strength by 15.4%; no further improvement was observed when
the REM oxide content was ralsed to 0.12%. While the hot ductility of the steel
without RM oxides gradually Improved as the test temperature increased to 1000
and 1200C, It increased by 1.5-2 times with an addition of 0.08% of REM oxides.
In hot ductility torsion tests, steel specimens with O.OVp RF_4 oxides w1thatood
18 and 98 turms at 1000 and 1200C, respectively, while specimens of untreated
steel faiied after 8-10 and 12-15 turns. The RM4-oxide- treated steel also had
a finer austenite grain, lower anisotropy of the mechanical properties, and
higher ductility, particularly across the direction of rolling. In general, ad-
dition of REM oxides is especially effective in casting large ingots and shaped
castingo. Orig. art. has: 5 tables.
ASSOCIATTON: Jnst. of fletallurgy I.Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant)
Card 2/12-

N.V.; &MITSYN, A.A.; POZDNYSHEV, V.M.; SAMARIN, A.P.; YARISEVA, T.N.;
Fil ni nal iuchastiye: BFMOVSKIY., B.M.; GHUTGHL-V, I.I.; KOMPA14IYjiTS, N.V.;
OTRMHCHMOP R.I.; KHARITONOVA, V.V.; TOROPOV, F.S.
Making ingot molds and o4er castings of cast iron witb spheroidal
graphite at the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant. Stall 23 no.4:381-383
Ap 163, (Iron foilryli (Ingot molds) (MIRA 16:4)

of the stainless ste-cls, ll@nlni%izivi4i @Liu
unaer rra-,iu-

uz

f "oTill: t 1()F

11 F`1
D:
13JumA

RE SOV: 004

14
-CL: uo
E IN
OTHER:
SL b CODE: NIN'

KETS, N.V.; YOMISSAROV, A.!.
Now dovelolmento In reovardi. SUill "K-'4 no.7,,(:l'-,6,A 11 164.

Wplozovt A.H.; KFYS, N.V.; KOMISSPjiO%', A.!.
New dovolopyrents in recoarch. StlA.' 1`4 no.8:753 '64.
i'MIPA 17:9)

L -35031 EW(x)/&P(b)/LrWP(t) JD
ACCWSIOK KfU AP5006155
8/0266/65/000/005/0034/0034,3
AVMOR:- Pato , B. To.; Dudko, D._A.; Medovar, B. I Lata5h, Yu. V.; Maksimoyich,
B, r.; Shevchenkq. A. I.; Stuprk, L. H , Goncharenko._V,_E.-, Grigor'y
I -@hOV, U.' K.; Chudin, N. L; Wbcneta. -1, N. V
feM _A:j Yartsev. M. A ; Keys.
Tillin, 11, A ; KnDellnitakly, V. G., Privalov. W. T., Pis'mennov, V.
Yu. A ; 4yatroy. S. X ; Bastrakov, Nk I" Donets 11 D,; QllayeY2 A. Ya.
TITLE; Method or electroolax casti nAlf ingots. Class 16, No. 160T43
SOURCE- Byulleten' isobretenty I tov&Mkh snakoy. no. 5, 1965, 34
TOPIC TAGS: Ingot casting, Ingot slectraslag casting. *lectroolag melting, steel
melting, alloy melting, metal melting
ABSTRACT: This Author Certificate introduces a method of electroslag costing of
ingots in an open or protective atmosphere or In vacum, in Oich slag is first
melted in a mold vith a nonconsumable or consmable electrode are or plasma jet.
To improve the metal quality and the Ingot surface and to raise the yield, the
molten metal or, if needed, the slaq is poured Into the sold through a hollov coa-
sumable or nonconsumable electrode (see Fig. I of the Enclosure).. Orig. art. bas-
1 figure. [NDI
Card 113

L 35031-65
ACCESSION IM
ASSOCIATIOi: Chelyabinskly mtallurgichookiy zavod (Chelyabinsk Metallurgical'
Plant)
suucmt o6rob63 INCLt 01 StM PODS: Wi, IS
No mw Gov: 000 OMR: .000 'ATD PRMS 3215
.Cad 2/11,

L 01517-66 DITH/94AW/W (t)/EWP(Z)/EWP(b) IJP(d) MJW/JD
ACCESSION NRi AP5014375 UR/0383/65/000/001/0061/0065
669.187.6---S
AUTHOR: Zhu ov, D. G..4, Keys, H. V@,; Men'shenin, Ye. B.; Pegov, V. G.;-.
Molchanova, A. A.
fq, @
TITLE, Treatment o -electric steel with liouid synthetic slaz
SOURCE: HetallurgichosRaya i gornorudnaya promyshlennost', no. 1, 1965, 61-65
TOPIC TAGS: electric steel, synthetic slag
ABSTRACT: The treatment of electric steel with liquid synthetic slag was adopted
on a mass-production scale at the Chelyabinsk metallurgical plariC'tor the first
time In the history of SOV17t metalIu_r_g_y__Tn__U_uly, 1964. The chemical composition
of the materials and the pr(Wedure.employed in the preparation of the lime-alumina
slag are described. Sh?',h 5%teel was treated with the clag obtained. The slag
treatment was found to reduce considerably t4e contamination of the steel with 13
metallic impurities, to decrease the sulfurt'6ontent, and to raise the output of/@
the electric furnaces by 12 to 15%. -th-emacrostructure of slag-treated SMIS 16
steel shows virtually no differences from that of steel of standard bat@hiies."rhs
.,Ord 1/2

L 01517-66
ACCESSION NR: AP5014375
work was carried out in collaboration with T9H11Ch @nder the supervision of
Doctor of Technical Sciencep So G. Voinov V/_jR addition to the autho engineem
' i . -K. ROT ' 'F- -
@W.6 UY-N.
No V. Keyst Ye, So Golm-ly f. =Ube G;tPegov# No V. Ridenli A. A.
Molchanova, H. Ye. Anisimova and other Ci p ad in the study." Orig. art.
haa: 2 figu-re-s-an-&-~-t-aL-fe-,s~yc'@
ASSOCIATION: none
SUBMITTED: 00 ENCL: 00 SUB CODEI KH
NO REF SOV: 000 OTHERt 000
Card 2/2

LUBHNETS, I.A.; ZHUKOV, D.G.; VOINOV, S.G.; SIIAL!YjDV, KOSOY, T .7.;
KALINNIKOV, Ye.S.; CHFRNYAKOV, V.A.; YATI-TSEV, (IkLIKCI@I, Ye.S.;
MYSINA, G.Ye.; Prinimali uchastiye:,_KFYS, N.V.; HGOV, 7.G.;
MENISHENIN, Ye.B.; BARNOVALOV, M.A.'; 'S4IITR, G.B.; SIIATAWV, M.I.;
MOLCHANOVA, A.A.; ANISIMOVA, M.Ye.
Refining steel with synthetic slag from large-capacity arc
furnaces. Stall 25 no.3:232-235 Mr 165. (MIRA 18:4)
A
N

Jmsf- v*V,-.KOMISSAROV, A.I.@ ISUPOV V.T., Inzh., FALEVE11, I.G., inzh.-.
No.) @, V.A., inz-h.
New developments in research. Stall 25 no.7:614-615 JI 165. (MA 18%7)

YFY9, N.V.1 K014ISSAROV, A.I.
New developwnts in ressarch. Stalf 25 no.?j618 il 165.
New developments in research. Ibid.i654-655
New developments in research. lbld.1660
New developmnts in research. Ibid.:669 (MIRA 18-17)

NOVIKOV, V.; MAI'VEYEV, Yij.M.,; WJi1iTM.1FJY, M.H.; BATIST, U"":EL" G.;
KOROLEV, M.; M@1111r3UIWI) V.; ARONOV, I.; SVEM-AKOl, V.; ZAYONG1,11K,
L.Z.; RASPOPOV, I.V.; SFRDny,(jv, G.V.; GRISIOTI, MAYEYEV, I.F.;
DELLO, A.A.; S1fUMNAYA, V.A., inzh.; SPIRYAGIN, L.P., inzh..; GRISITKOV,
A.I.; KARDONOV, B.A.; BURDIN, V.M., kand. tekhn. nauk; MOLGAGI-MV,
D.A., inzh.; WMALEVSKIY, O.G.; RIMIT, A.A.; MEYS, f,'.V.; KOMISSARCIV,
A.Io
New developments in research. Stall 25 no.8:81,2-845 3 165.
(!-M"@A 18:9)

AV: NR, Ap6o]2948 SOURCE CODE: UR/0133 0 007
165/00
.AUTHOR: Keys, No Vo; Komiaiarov, A. le
@4
ORG: none
TITIB: Improvement of the quality of 18Kh2N4VA steel by electroslag mid vacuum arc
malting
SOURCE: Stall, no* 7, 1965, 618
TOPIC TAGS: vacuum are, eleotroslag malting, steel, vacuum melting, carbon monoxide,
silicon, sulfur, manganese. nonmetallic inclusion, steel structure, high quality steel
18Kh2N4VA steel
AWMUCT: Electroslag meltjof l8Kh2N4VA steel was performed iv@a 420 mm diameter
crystalliz&F-as-Ing ANF-6 and AN-291 flux-with vacuum arc melting@ a 380 mm diametei
crystallizer at a current strength of 6 ka. During electroslag melting, 20-30% of the
silicon was contaminated by carbon-monoxide and the sulfur conter+11as reduced to
0.006-0.0071p, During vacuum arc melting, 25-35% of the manganese @fas contaminated*
The electroslag and vacuum are ingots were poured off to a 175-Z50 mm and 140 mm
squares. The macrostructure of the electroslag parts (140-250 mm) was homogeneous
with no inconsistencies. There were no large inclusions: there were onl@y individual
point inclusions* Thanks to the directed crystallization, dense macrostructure and
purity as concerns nonmetallic inclusions, the mltod metal was more isotropic than
Card 1/2

ACC NR: AP6012 3
open-malted metal. These new metallurgical processes will provide high quality st-eel
for large shapes* fJ-PRS7
SUB CODE: 130 09 SUBH DATE: none

L' 27426-6� EWT(M)ZEWA(d@@WAII I&CI) jD
I ACC NRj AP6017r79 SOURCE CODE1 UR/0133A5/000/009/08k
AUTH0R:. Keys.N. V.; Komissarov, A. I.
ORG: _Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant (Chelyabinskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod)
TITLE: Production technology of clad steel 3sp-Khl8NlOT
SOURCE: Stall, no. 9, 1965, 845 ' (S 19
TOPIC TAGS: steel, sheet metals weldability, metallurgic furnace/3spKhl8NlOT steel
ABSTRACT,. A rational design of the pack was selected. 'An unsy=etric four-!
layer pack with a 1.08:1.10 ratic, of the thickness of the upper part to the
lower part and strips 35-40 = wide provided for the preparation of sheets
of identical thickness. The finished output depends on the width of-the
strips. Strips 20-25 mm wide do not guarantee a pack seal. The increase
in pack width from 700 to 800 mm reduces the consumption factor from 2.26
to 1.83. The effect of heating conditions on the weldability of layers in
.sheets was studied. When packs are heated in continuous four-zone furnacesp,
'with botton preheating, a special heating condition is established in the
soaking zones (1300-13200Cs 3 hours).- The consumption factor was reduced
to 1.9-2.0 at peak operation# This work was done jointly with the Central
Scientific Research Institute of Ferrous Metallurgy (TaNIIGhM) and the
Chelyabinsk Scientific Research Institute of Metallurgy. [JPRS1
SUB CODE: 11, 13 SUBM DATE: none
Card 1/1 i:N-Xej UDC, 621.771.23.001.5--

C-
ACC NR, AP 3
-.122 SOURCE WIZ: UR/0133/66/000/009/0837/08hl
AUTHOR: Gol'dshteyn, Ya. Ye. (Candidate of technical sciences); BakidiovskMa, M. V.
(Engineer)l' Kapel'nitskiy, V. 0. (Engineer); Keys. N. V. ('Engineer)
R -_ Ch lyabinsk Institute of Me (Chelyabinskiy n,-i. institut metallurgii);
a5@
Qe __ @ =c Flanif- 01
ly Y
'n'
U141 st,_ bletallurgi @@�Inskiy metallurgicheskiy zavod.
?
TITLE: Structure and properties of variously melted structural steel
SOURCE: Stall, no. 9, 1966, 837-841 ZD
4hla 0;fiu'C@@ nl;kl 4'mi@-
1641, ltiA
TOPIC TAGS: structural steel, mtct al steel me N, structural. steel property
electroslag melting, vacuum arc melting, vacuum induction melting/1&012NI;VA structuralI
steel, 40KhNMA structural steel, 35Kh2GSMA structural steel
ABSTRACT: A comparative study has been conducted of the structure and properties of
.18Kh2N4vA (,A), 4oKhNMA and 35Kh2GSMA (5) structural steels melted by the
10K MA@
7_
s r
follovingl$rocesses ght of ingots inR6 is shown in brackets): electroslag (500
e g
T
and 10001, vacuum arc 001, vacuum indudtion (5001, electroslag + vacuum arc (4501,
LL arc 80
and vacuum induction + vacuum arc (4501. It was found that although none of the
melting processes used affected significantly the strength of steels, all of them
more or 1esB improved the notch toughness at room temperature, reduced the suscepti-
bility to temper brittleness (see Fig. 1), and lowered the temperature of transition
to brittle behavior. For instance, the latter temperature of A, B and C steels
melted by one of the combined processes dropped from 30-35, 90 mid 30C (conventional
Card
uDc: 669.15-194

L 0498247
f-AeCkR-:' AP6031227-------
Zd
22
to
U) 20
4->
0 14
Card

5_

-
3e
@
Fig. 1. Notch toughness of l8Kh2N)sVA steel
versus tempering temperature
I - Conventionul, arc; 2 - electroslag; 3 elec-
troslag + vacuum arc; 4 - vacuum arc; 5
vacuum induction; 6 vacuum induction + vacuum
arc.
200 jog 4M 5005,50,OW650pe

L ()4982-6-(---
ACC NR, Ap6ojMll
- - - - --
arc melting) to 70-75, 115-120 and 6o-70C, respectively. The combined @Lejj@ @n
processes also reduce the anisatropy of mechanical properties. However, the degree
of effect depends on the final heat treatment and the carbon content of the steels.
Orig. aft . has: 6 figures and 2 tables. (TDI
SUB COLE: 11, 13/ SUBM DATE: none
linctroslag Meltillig
--3t3-

11 OC)1@6 El,,'Il(m)/EWP(t)/F.Tl,/I;W_P(k) IJP.(C)
C"')VA) 60'URCE-C,-ODE:-UR/0133/60'/000/007/0619/0620
ACC NR& AP6031641
1AUTHOR: Keys, N. V.; Kominnarov, A. I.
!ORG: None
TITLE: Research at the Ch 1yabinsk Metallurgical Plant
SOURCE: Stall, no. 7, 1966, L19-620
TOPIC TAGS: titanium steel, slag, alloy steel, metal recrystallization
ABSTRACT: The paper contains the following brief reports, Improving the Technologi-
cat Conditions for Production of E1481 Spel: A maximum increas .c in pcrmanene strength
was achieved by melting with oxyren and WIloying the metal with ferroceriumlfn quanti-
ties UP to 0.5 kg/t in the furnace before removal and 0.7 kg/t in the laale. This re-
sults in a considerable increase in the ductility at temperatures of 950-11500C as well
as a sharp reduction in oxygen concentr on. Use of an 1170 kg ingot increases the
usable yield by 3-5%. Casting Stainless Titanium-Containing Steel Under a Slag of
Exothermal Briquets: The charge for preparing the briquets consists of ground calcium-
silicon alloy, manganese ore, fluorite, coarse silicate, sodium nitrate, aluminum pow-
der and fluorite.concentrate. Consumption of emery wheels for dressing is reduced to
0.8 kg/t as compared with 3.5 kg/t consumed wh6n casting is done with petrolatum; con-
sumption of metal in emery dust is reduced from 12 to 2.6 Xg/t which results in an e-
conomy of about 5 ru))Ieo per ton of steel. rmproving the Quality of Elootric Steel by
Using Dried Oxygen -Wter starting & silicagel dryer, two forty-ton arc furmcen were
supplied with extremely dry oxygen. The moisture content in the oxygen was red----- L

i. o9l3.5-67
ACC NR: AP60318111
from 0.6-1.1 to 0.02-0.04 g/ Th fesulted in a reductio in the hydrogen content
3 m h N
by 0.43 cm per 100 g of meta@in 1:h carbon steel (ShKh15A 1.02 cm3 per 100 g in
a
medium-carbon steel (38Kh?4YuA and others) and 1.69 cm3 per 00 g in low-carbon steel
(18Kh2N4vA) li",@ Reject-R-o-U-puT for individual grades of steel is reduced by 20-30%.
Electro3lag@Zlti!T of Steel in Crystallinere with Square Cross Section: Square cry-
stallizers with an upper cross section of 300x3OO mm, and a lower cross section of
350x350 mm may be used in electroslag remelting to produce ingots weighing 1.3 tons
which are suitable for rolling on an 800 mill. The crystallizer has a smaller cross.
section than the circular type which reduces flux consumption by 15 kg/t for a slag
bath of the same h ' h Th elongated shape of the ingot means that the quota per tot
of steel may be reeIg t@y a;proximately 2% at the previous cutting height. ITroving
@duce
the'Quatity of T S
JAMNIOT'Steet Made in Large Electric Furnaces: Khl8NlOT steel was
melted in 100 ton electric furnaces with.partial titanium alloying during extraction.
Half of the required quantity of titanium was introduced in the form of 30% ferroti-
tanium before extraction of the melt and the rest was added in the form of titanium
sponge briquets on the bottom of the ladle. The assimilation of titanlum was somewhat
reduced (from 47 to 46%) although melts containing less than 0.45% titanium were re-
duced from 20.4 to 11%. The proportion of melts with a silicon concentration of more
than 0.60% was reduced from 19 to 6.5%. No melts contained more than 0.70% silicon.
The lower silicon concentration made it possible to increase the consumption of ferro-
silicon for deoxidation by 100-200 kg/t which increased chromium reduction from 0.65
to 1.01% while the consumption of ferrochromium was reduced by 4 kg/t of usable mietal.
?
Card 2/3

L 0,9135-67.
ACC NRj AP60318)11
There wus no change in metal quality. ToemingStect f)-m Elcatric Furnaces Uding Exo- I
!i;wzynaZ Stag Briquats: Steel from arc furnaces with R Lapacity of 40 and 100 tons was
teemed with exothermal slog briquets of the following composition with respect to dry
mass: 5% aluminum powder, 17% each manganese ore and calcium-silicon alloy, 16% neph-
eline, 32% fluorite, 7.5% sodium.silicate, 25% coarse silicate and 3% graphite. Bri-
quets measuring 420x2lOx3O mm (8-0-8.5 kg mas6) were prepared on water glass (6-7%
labove 100%). Briquet consumption was 3.0-3.5 kg/t. The surface quality of stainless
steel ingots was improved by a factor of 3-4. Labor in dressing was considerably re-
duced by the absence of "collars" and surface defects. The quhlity of structural steel
was improved: ordinarily the fraction of rolled products in the first and second
classes of defectiveness with minimum dressing was about 15%, wh 4,11 the fractlion in the
experimental melts was 80%. Improving the Durability of A25N601&d A20001Ailoys:
Small ingots (150 and 200 kg) were used for improving the uniformity of distribution
of rare earth elements, pth n the metal and increasing its ductility.11,Ferroceriun*was
added to the ingot mold n quantities of 0.7-1.5 kg/t. The metal in @xperimental in-
gots cast at the Beloretsk Metallurgical Combine showed satisfactory ductility during
forging and red *uction. Addi 'tion of ferrocerium increased the durability of the wire
from 62 to 91 hours with a further increase to 97 hours with the use of a mcre improv"'
process developed at the Chelyabinsk Scientific Research Institute of Metallux@g)@. ej
(Translation of first seven reports]
CODE, 11, 13/ SUBM DATE: None
Ust

A= iRM Me 002779- - cuih.': UV01)3A),/06i../ A
M-N.LI-MILH: KmiL_N. V.; Kojitiomirov, A. I.
ORG: Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Combine (Chelyabinskiy metallurgichoskiy kombinat)
TITLE: Replacement of high-alloy Khl2Nl steel with steels having lower nickel content
SOURCE:
Stall, no* 7, 1966, 625
TOPIG TAGS: high alloy.stealt metal casting Khl2Nl3 high alloy steel
ABSTRACT: Steel Kh23N6SL) 'does not differ-essentially in its properties from
Kh23N13 and it is recommended that it be used for casting of hoat-resisting and
sc'ale-resisting parts instead of the latter; fcr castings operating in corrosive
i media, Khl8N9TL teel shou be -sed. [JPRS: 37,7581
!SUB CODE: 11, SUBM DATE: none
@^ard
669-15--194-001-5
(7 Y-2 :r T@@,@@

V-S@()121--62 EWP (*)/FWT (m)/EwpA tYETIJ@,WZ(@) -J.DIWWIYIL
ACC NR, AP6031842 @4) SOURCE CODE. UR/0135/66/000/007/0642/0643
AUTHOR: Keys, N. V.; Komissaroy, A. 1. 3 @1-
ORG: None
kTLE: Research at the Chelyabinsk Metallurgical Plant
I -r---
SOURCE: Stall, no. 7, 1966, 642-643
@OPIC TAGS: metallurgy, bimetal, metal forging
I
ABSTRACT: The pape contains the following brief reports. 4mproving the Quality of
E1627 AZZoy: Cracks Kan( a bar 32 mm in diameter made from E1617 alloy are caused by rol.1
ing overheated an6-undercooled metal. This phenomenon is eliminated'by reducing the,
prerolling temperature in the continuous furnace from 1160-1180 to n40-1150'C. This
i possible to reduce
treatment resulted in a reduction of rejects for cracks and made ite
the diametric margi for grinding. Reducing Decarbonization of R18ISteel by Using .a
'6ivtective -NA freshly prepared/ ire
I -Coativ _protective coating of water glass (65%), f
@lay (20%), Carb@@Undum. (6%), graphite\J(6%) and commercial borax (3%) was applied by
bruvii in an eveA inyer up to 1-m-m-M-Fk on the high speed steel before heating of
square bars measuring 160-190, 110 and 85 mm- 7he apecimeno were then dried at room
temperature for at least ten hours. All types of products made from the coated blanks
oatisfied the requirements on decarbonizing standards, while 27.3% of the specimens
Card 1/3

L o9121_67
rACC'NR,-P,l
&
forged fr uncoated blanks showed a decarbonized layer deeper than the permissible
standardlThe reduction in waste met,41 increased the usable yield by 3-4%.
Vacuum-Arc Remelted Ingots of ShAhlflheel Without Roughing: It is conventional prac-.;
tice to rough vacuum-are remelted ingots until all traces of the so-called "corona"
are removed. Hard steel ingots, in particular those made from ShKhl5, must be slowly
cooled and annealed before roughing. In order to reduce the technological cycle,
forging of the ingots without roughing was introduced after slow cooling in the pits.
The ductility of the unroughed ingots and the surface finish of intermediate blanks
130 mm square were satisfactory. The yield of usable metal was raised by 2-3%. Ef-
fect of Technological Factors on Forging of Specimens for Testing Long-Term Strength
and Mechanical Properties: It was found/ on'the basis of an evaluation of the macro-
structure of specimens and tests which ere conducted that variationB in the tempera-
iure to which specimens of ET437BU-V=loy were heated before upsetting in the 950-
i0600C range had no significant effect on macrostructure although an optimum is ob-
Ierved at 1020-10400C. The fine-grain macrostructure of upset specimens is due to
underheating during quenching, and in some individual melts--to high carbon concen-
iiration (0.07%). The coarse-grained macrostructure of individual melts is due to low
carbon concentration (below o.o4%) in E1437BU-VD alloy d is a consequence of in
1preased sensitiyity of low-carbon metal to overheatin efore quenching and forging.
et
velopment of Tpchnology for Production of Bimetal @LhFbAt: The breaking point of bi-
ttal sheets oA St. 3+'lKhl8NlbT 8-10 mm thick was 46-57 kg/mm2 (451-559 MNIMZ); yield
int 29-33 kg/mm-FT284-324 M 2); relative elongation 65030-38%; shearing strength
rcard P/'A

i. oin-'n-67
ACC NRs AP60318112
18-30 kZIMMI (177-294 MN/MM2). However, about 5% of the sheets 10 mm thick and 3% of
Ithe sheets 8 mm thick did not satisfy requirements for strength of adhesion between
layers--shearing strength was below 15 kg/mm2 (147 MN/mm2)'. The packets should be
rolled with a negative deflection to produce sheets of identical thickness. Nearly
all sheets meet the required standards it the thickness ratio of the@upper sheet to
the lower is kept within 1.09-1.11 with optimum flattening thickness. In order to
prod,ice an 8-mm sheet of a given thickness, the length of the! stainless plate should
be at least 150 mm greater than the width, while the length should be at least 200 MM
greater then the width for a 10-mm shebt. CTranalation of reports 1, 2, 3, 4 and 73
CODE: 3.1/ SUBM DATE: None
not
F-A

KEYSAR# A*P. (Yaroslavl')
Labor and the postnatal period in thrombocytopenia (Werlhof's disease)
requiring urgent splenectoW. Kaz.med.zhur. no.5t7?.-73 5-0 160.
(MIRA 13:11)
(PURPURA (PATHOLOGY))
(SPLEEN--SURGERY)
(LABOR, COMPLICATED)

KF,YSAR, A P - DAVIDSON# B.S.
- @L@04
Protracted pregnancy. Kaz. mad. zhur, no. 2:31-53 Mr-Ap 961.
(MMA 14:4)
1. Akusliersko-ginakologicheakoye otdoloniye laroBlavskoy dorozhnoy
bollnits7 Severnoy zheleznoy dorogi (nachalinik otdeleniya -
A.P, Keyser),
(PREGNANCYP PROTRACTED)

KEYSARO A.P.; BELYAKOVAI I.Y.
Acute toxic dyntropby of the liver in a pregnant woman. &UOh,
i gin. 37 noo2t99-100 F 161. (MIRA 14:3)
1. Iz akushersko-ginekologicbeskogo otdolenlya (nach. A.P. Keynar)
Yaroslavokoy dorozhnoy bollnitay Severnoy zheleznoy dorogi.
(PREGIIA?ICY,. CMUWCATIOIRS OF) (LIVER-DISRUES)

KEYSAR,, A. P. - - -
Birth of twins in a woman with a uterus bicornis. Kaz. med.
zhur. no. I -. 65-66 Ja-F 162. (MIRA 15-3)
1. Akushersko-ginekologichookoye otdoleniya (nachallnik
otdoloniya - A.P. Keysar) Yaroslavokcy dorozhnoy bollnitsy
Severnoy zhele%noy dcxogi.
(UTERUS-ABNOR1,11TIES AND DEFORMITIES)
(BIRTH, MULTIPIZ)
MOWN
77

PAWE@'IKOV, V. S.; FFICER, G. Y.; CGIR771A, A. A.
"C(.,..pton Erfert cn Nucleon, Nuclem- P.Arkrlz,@bllfty"
report prer,,nt,!d at the IntA. Conference m 111gh Di,?rgy cr-w.-wa,
4-11 July 19652
Joint Inatitute for Nuclear Rec-arch, Laboratory of Thcoretiml Miynir-5
04'

Farin Animals,
General Problems.
AB@ jOU.-I. RZhDiol. , "-a- 3, 1959, NO, 119711.
U T: i @j R Koyser, I*
*
"
-
*
3T. thb
ok Se on .9
A6
,)arch Institute of Animal
I
P L Traproving Desert PRstures by Supplomentary
Sowing and planting of Forage Plants.
C 2 J-@ P U Tr. Uzb. n-i. in-ta zhivotnovodstva, 1957) WJPj
2, 19-31
A;-":@ T "I T The desert pastures of Uzbekestan are character-
izod by very small and unstable crops of fodder
plants* In order to improve them, the best
-rodder crops to be usad EuTiong shrubs are Arthroph@
parsicum, Haloxylon aphylIUM,*and amonF_ sprii-
srLrubss woxamood (ArtGmesla).They represent
valuable forage plant3 and are well consumed
by sheop, -- K, V. Tatariyakaya
and the Russianthistle, (Salsola rigida)
1/1,
Husbandry.

KEYSER, Ya. S.. insh.-makhanik (Stantsiya Khmellnitskaym, Yugo-Zapadnov dorogi).
'f'.
Imorovinp z. no. 7:44 JI 158.
., an acceleration device. Put' I put. kho
(MIRA 11:7)
(Railroads--Tools and Implements)

UMEMIAN 1 0. L. , @ rizh.
Shipbul-Iderv of I*ningrad preparing to greet the 22nd ConMes
of the CPSU. Sudoctroanie 27 no.1.0:4-6 0 161.
(VIDU lj,.:L2 )
1. Gla,vnyy spetsialist Upravlexdya sudostroitellnoy promyshlannostil
Leningradokogo scima-vkhr@m.
(Laningrad, - Shipbuild ing)

Ev4T(.m'1jV,4Pft)/hVj JJ11(c) TD/jjG -
1ACC NRi AP6025826 SIOU-RC-E-tbbt _U1@10jiQj6Q666100I10iWbI IS
AUrHOR: Karayev, Z. Sh.; Keyserukhskaya, 1j. G.; Aliyeva, Sh. A.; Gadymov, A. M.
ORG: Institute of Inorganic and Yh
ysical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences AzerbSSR
(In-m neorgan. i fiz. khimii AN Az_erbS_SR
TIMEt Synthesis and study of yttrium sulfogallate, YqaS3, and y-ttrium sulfoindate,
YInS3 'T.-I 27 -'7
SOURCE: Azerbaydzhanskiy khimicheskiy zhurnal, no. 1, 1966, .112-115
TOPIC TAGS: yttrium, indium, gallium compound, sulfur compound
ABSTRACT: Yttrium sulfogallate, YGaS3, and yttrium sulfoindate, YInS3, were synthe-
sized and their crystallographic structures, elemental composition, stabilities, and
electrical conductivities were examined. The work is part of an extensive program,
presently being carried out at the Institute of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Aa
demy of Sciences AzerbSSR, aimed at finding new types of semiconductors. The YGaS3
and YInS3 were prepared by fusing mixtures of the elements in stoichiometric, ratios
sealed quartz ampoules evacuated to 1e10_3 mm Hg. Initially, half.of an ampoule was
slowly heated in a furnace to 10000C while the other half, outside the furnace, was
cooled with water. Then, the whole ampoule was placed inside the furnace and held
there for 2 hrs at 12500C. It was found that YGaS3 has a hexagonal crystal lattice,
Card 1/2

IGN-kTOV, V.A.; KEYBERUKHSKIY, M.G.
Colorado beetle control in Kaliningrad Province. Zashch. rast.
ot vred. i bol. 5 no. 8:46-47 Ag 16o. (MIRA 13:12)
l. Vachallnik Kaliningradskoy kompleksnoy ekspediteii (for
Ignatov). 2. Zaveauyushchiy opornym punktom Vsesoyuznogo
nauchno-isaledovatellskogo instituta zaBhchity rastenly (for
Keyeerukhskiy).
(Uliningrad Province--Potato beetle)
777777

1,0YSZ-RUKMKIY. M.G.
Efficient preparations againat the Colorado be-otle. Zashch, raot.
ot vred. i bol. 6 no.3:52,Mr 161. (MU .15:6)
1. Zaveduyushchiy Kalimingradski:n punktom Vsesoyuznogo instituta
zashchity rasteniy (for KeyeerukhEikiy).
(Potato beetle)
(Insecticides)

KEYSERUKHSKIY, M,G.
...........
Effectiveness of DDT and hexachlorotcyclohexAnalegainat the Colorado
beetle as related to the-fo= and method of ilikr use. Zashch.rast.
ot vred. i bol. 4 no.411@ (MMA 16 5)
(Potato beetle-Extermination) (Insecticides)

EMMMIRSKIY,..M.G.
Insectary of the Kaliningrad *anch Station of the A3.1-Union
Inatitilte of Plant Protectione Zanhoh.rast.ot vred.i bol. 7
3200453 Ap 162o (MMA 15112)
1. Za"duyushohiy Nalinigradakim opornym punktm Visesoyamogo
institute, samhobity rasteniyo
(Winingrad-latomological research)

SERUWKjy -mladably nauchr4Y sotrudnik
SOKOLOVA, 0. S.p
Elimination of focuBes of the Colorado bettle. Zashch. rast.
ot vred. i bol. 5 no.6:48 Js 160. (KUU 16: 1)
1. ZavedtMmhchiy Kaliningradokim uporrVm punktom Veenoyu2nogo
instituta zaahohity rasteniy (for KayserukhakiY).
(Potato bee tie-Exterminati on)

KEYSERUKHSKIY, M.G,-
Kaliningrad Etraneb Station of the All-Union Institute of Plant
Protection. Zashch. rast. ot vred. i bol. 6 no.11:U N 161.
(MIRA 16:4)
1. Zaveduyushchiy Kaliningradakim opornym punktom VaeBoyuznogo
instituts. zashchity rasteniy.
(Kaliningrad Province-Potato beetle-Extermination)
. . ..... .

A-it
NOVOYAST6VSKIY, D.D.; KNYSBVIGH, N.J.
Hygienic evaluation of *11gaofol* panels. Gig.i san. no.5:50-31 Vq '54.
(HLRA 70)
1. Is Kiyevskoy gorodakoy sanitarno-opidemiologichookoy stantell.
(Plywood) (Industrial hygiene)

twly r;f ml rr
i ro@rijj, krovi. 1.-164-168
(WRA 18-10)
p@; i- -L.! V, 711 y
N @4-

KEYSiN$- X, R.
25492 KEYSIN, B. M. Rolb krotov v pasprostranenii Monocystidae zemlyanykh chervey,
uchen. zapiski (leningr. gose ped, in-t im, Gertsena) t. LXX, 1948, 5 171 74
-- biliogri S 173 - 74,
SO: Letopist Zhurnal Statey, No. 30., Moscow., 1948

-KEYSIN, Ye.m. -
First Internationa.2 Congress of Histochemistry and C7Uchemiatry.
Mitologiia 3 no-3:374-376 My-@e 161. (MIRA 14'.6)
(CYTOLOGY-GONGMSES)
Y