SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT YERMAKOV, S.M. - YERMAKOV, V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001962810004-0
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 3, 2001
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

Works on Approximate Ana2ysie
SOV/221T
Nikoloreva,, G. A. (DWO#Aed) On the- Approximte Construction of a
Conformal Nq0" %F fte YAthoa Of conmMulits Ttionametriq Serl" 236
In VANW1 0. A. Nikolayev&
Streshnemp T. A. ftfflementary Tables for the Bolutioa of ftisson
Zvotlons, by the Method of ftftwtlft to Ordinary Dttf*Mtlsl ZfWjons
a66
for Polygonal Fleglons 267
Krylov#,Va lop Me An Fillipump M. F. Frolova. CompatinS,tho Indefinite
Integral With * ft*U Nmber of Values of the Integrable 7=eti*n 283
Chernin,, K, Ye, Solution of Ons Axially Symmetric Problem by the Direct
mathod. 302
Cheraln., Ka To, Conformal Mapping of Regions., Composed of Reatengles,
on to the Unit Circle .1~~ 307
9hWdMvm,, T. A. Qiedrature ftrmlas With the lowest Estimate of the
Remainder for Certain Classes of Functions 313
Card 4/5

Works an Approximate Awaytis 807/2217
Yaryshava, 1. M. 71nite Difference Yothads of Solving Oftns*ls Prdbldw 342
nlIns V. P. On Iftboddlue Theoraw 359
FaddeMp be Ke On the Coafttlen of NAftees 387
ATAIIANXt Ubrury of Congress
IX/Mg
Card 5/5 n-10-59

86022
3/052/60/005/G04/007/007
0 Ill/ C 333
IUTHORIs Yermakovp S. M., Zolotukhin, V. 0,
TITLEt Polynomial ApproximationsPand the Monte-Carlo-hiethod'
PERIODICALs Teoriya veroyatnostey i y9ye primeneniye, 1960, Vol. 5,
No. 4, pp. 473-476
TEXTs The authors propose an improved Monte-Oarlo method for
calculating multiple integralsfJThe improve-'ient is carried out by
reducing the dispersion, whereby the mean quadratic error is re-
duced for its part.
Let D be the domain of the k-climensional Euclidean space;
f(Q) E L2 (PI(q)v 2 where
LD
(f (q) q~i(Q) dQ 0 for i i 091,21#...t n
D 1 for i j 1 091,21...., n
The linear combinations of the ~ i(q) form the subspace
L2D,n+l C L D2. If the determinant Wn+l(QO# QIP --- on)
Card 1/ 3

S/C 5; 216010051G041'(')r, 7/00 7
C Ill/ 0 333
Polynomial Approximations and the Monte-Carlo Method
det Q(FO(Qi), (~j)' - - -, 11 " is dif ferent from 0, then
0
it holds the approximation formula
(2) ~ f(Q) To( Q) dQtw, det Jf(Q), '0'
wj.,.,(~ ,
d n+ 0
If f(Q) C- L 2 then the remaining term is equal to zero.
Dv n+1
Theorem It If Q 0, Q19 ... I Qn are random points of the k-dimensional
Euclidean space, the probability density of which F (Qop Q19"" Od
is equal t 1 W 2 (Q , Q then the mathematical
0 - Tn' 7 17 T n+1 o I
expectation of the random variables
n
(Q09 Q, Qn) dot 11 f (Qd (Qi) Tn 0
Wn+l (Q'9 QU)
Card 2/3

16022
S10521601005100410071007
C ill/ C 333
Polynomial Approximations and the Monte-Carlo Method
A (Q) d Q
is equal to I P(Q) To ~
Theorem 2z The dispersion of the random-magnitude e(QOIQJI-..,%) is
2 ~f2 n 2
D (Q)dq - 7 0( 1 1 Where
1 0
f (Q) Ti(Q) d Q p i - Op Ip 2p ... # n
The application of the improved method-based on these theoxems is
especially favorable, if the Fourier series Of f(Q) with respect to
the system Jcfil converges quickly to f(Q) in the mean.
The authors thank G. J. Marchuk and J. M. Soboll.
There are 3 referencess 1 Soviet, I English and 1 Americant
SUBMITTEDs JulY 14, 1959
Card 3/3

33002
5/64lj6l/000/000/029/033
6. B102/B138
AUTHORS; Yermakovi S. It., Kolesov, V. Ye., Marchuk, G. I.
4==_~
TITLE: A numerical method for solving the SchrUinger equation with
a blurred potential
SOURCE: Krupchitskiy, P. A., ed. Heytronnaya fizikaj abornik statey.
Moscow, 1961, 314.- 323
TEXT: If aquare-well potential or oscillator potential are assumed in
shell-model calculations, the problems can be solved analytically. The
results, however, will be in worse agreement with experiment than for
blurred potentials. A method is described for calculating both the
nuclear energy levels and the cross sections. The potential V(r) can be Ix
any shapep and have a zero singularity. In scattering problems It may be
complex. In the usual way the boundary-value problom
d2m (r)
p- + B (r) u (t) Xtu (r),
U(0)-0' U.
Card 1/6

33002
3/64 61/000/000/029/033
A numerical method for solving... D102YB138
is assumed to have a non-vanishing solution, and
11
As I OU W 1+
B (r) U (r) i - V -4-7 C-2 7 - Fr (2)
2m 21n
U (r) V (r), 7X I E E < 0.
For r-i-, B(r)--iO. For r--,>-p the solution of E'q. (1) diminishes
exponentially and at r - H, du(r) RUM. So from (1) the system of
a-r V/
linear algabraic equations
(Bjh2 2 - xW) tit + U2 = 0; 1); (4)
uj_j + (B110 - 2 -- X210) U, + U,.I 0 (1 - 2,
2u. _t + (B.101 - 2 - x2h, - 2xh) u. = 0..
in obtained, where h ' H/n. x in chosen so that the determinant of this
system will vanish. On - 0). Dn can be calculated with a recurrent
formula:Di+1 , 'n-iDi - D,_1 (i - 1,2...n-1)
Card 2/6

1,11PI ILA IIJ13MI vc I ~I'i
33002
S/641/61/000/000/029/033
A numerical method for solving... B102/B136
Do 0 2, D I On - 2xh; Gi 0 Bi h2 2 -'x2h2, (i - 1,2..'.n). Dn-j ic tile
sub-determinant when Pe first j rows and columns are deleted. The purely
mathematical peculiazqtieu of this method Are discusted and, as an example,
the greatest root of x is calculated numerically-for
146.11717 2/r2 for r4 1
B(r) -1 This holds for a aquare-well potential
2
2/r for r> 1.
and a nucleus with A-,240 and 1 1. Then the metbod is applied for
calculating neutron scattering cross sections... The Schr;Sdinger equation
for the radial part of the neutron wave function is written as
dlu- (r)
+ a (r) U (r) u (r),
rk
z"
U(r)- V( k E, E > Or.
the potential V(r) may contain a spin-orbit term. For r H9 IV(H), < Fj for
V(r) --o-0. With the conditions u(O) 0 and
Card 3/6

LIF-D-M ME "111
33002
B16411611000100010291033
A numerical method for solving... B102/BI~O
A01) the problem is reduced to the boundary problem
r-H
i(S,h'-2)u,+ug-O,'
aj_j.+(Sjh-2)uj+uj#j=O (1=2,3p ... Ill- I)#
2u.-1 + (S'h' - 2 + 2h%) u,, - 0.
10+0
S (r) R, U (r)..
and the determinant &n 0 is found by using the above recurrent formula:
Ai = "0 a (i 2,3-..h-1); 60 LS n (J1)
1. 1-1 6i-2 I
2.
If V(r) is complex, S,(r) S(')(r) + is(2)(r), X - A I + ii2' 1~ - P + 'Q
and w - p + iq.
Card 416
Vr

33002
A numerical method for solving... 916411611000100010291033
B102/IJ13n
P, Pipw - Pi-I -
Q, PA-1 - Q,_s + q1P
P, (17)
1'p 0 Q,
Pi SN2 - 2t q, Sjoho
2. 3, n
2h [2r -tp'~'+Q' Q
ZA_ ~'W_
I
Pa.1
Pft_1Qn_,_
2
A-6 Q lp
n- + fts-
q"
results. If AO w0 and Ai G3 0 2, and the pote
0 ntial ill real,
pop " P1 = PA - qoql 21
=~~Poqj + qp, (I 8a)
Card 516

33,002
B/641161/0-00/000/029/033
A numerical method for solving... 73102/BI30
if it is a I.ex, wo = S h2 _2 - 2hnt p P)h 2 2 - 2hn 19
omp 0
S(2 )h 2 _2hit , n - nj + ilt A numer example is calculated for
qo 0 2 2' :Oa?
a Woods-Saxon potential and compared with experimental data. There are
4 figures, 3 tables, and 13 referenceag 6 Soviet and 7 non-Soviet. The
four most recent*references to Engliah-language publications read as
follows: D. J. Hughes, R. B. Schwartz, Neutron C,rose Sections. B. N. L.
N. Y. 1956; H. C. Bolton, H. I. Scoins. Proc. Camb. Phil. boc. 52, 215
(1956)1.M. Walt, H. H. Barachall Phys Rev. 21, 1062 (1954); J. R.
Beyster et-al. Phys. Rev.,1041 1;19 (1~56).
Card 616

YERWOV., S.M.
Exact evaluation of the remainders of formilms of wcb&nical.
cubage and multidimensional interpolation* Dok1sAN EWR 6
no.2i73-76 F 162. (141M 15:2)
1. Predstavleno akademikom AN BSSR V.I.Krylovym.
(Functional analysis)

YERKMVP S.M.; ZOLOTUKHIN, V.G.; FETROV,, E.Ye.
Calculating the passage of neutrons throvgh a plane polyethylene
layer. Atom. energ. 15 no.3:253-255 S 1630 (PURA 16:10)
(Neutronn-Capture) (Shielding (RadUation))

"!"V
YEIMUOV..- S..M,-(Mwxva)
r ~
Interpolation over random point&*- Zhur.vychm;*..i mat.fis. 3
no.1*186-190 J&.F 163. (MIRA 16 s 2)
(Interpolation) (ProbalA~jities)

5
ACCZSSJON NR.- AUilmo 8/00 00o/ovi/0161.
00/63/GW
AUTHORs Zololdthin, 7. G.; Zaoxalm 8. M..
22TLZ: Applicadoe of do Mods Carlo mediod to the computation of Dualtar radiation
ddddbg
8=CZ V resy new sasbcbile resmovewl, *sr#A dhft opet"008 In ftdof *I
-161
roador #bidding; wHeadon of articles). Me wo i g Gonladow, i9"# 171
TOPIC TAGS: nuclear reactor, reactor sidelding, radiation iWelding, Monte Carlo
4.
nw1hod, radiation trander, scaftring, neutron propagation, quadratm formula
ABSTRACT: Mw article contains a brief summary of Uw fundamental technfitues for
Increasing the statistical efficiency of the Monte Carlo methoti with reepect to problems
of radiation treader. The most important of the techniqLtes discussed In the article he"
bow prov on the bags of a large number of concreft problems. 7`he author nolas, by j
~.way ce introdaction, that cowdderable matlismalical'difficulties an eacounter6d while
the kinstio equation with consideration of the enerv dependenoo of the cross sections
the anisoftopy of the am of scattering AM dw finite gometry. Because of this fee
tv
in RWAV am" *9 MCI" Corio meewd Provides the OWLY moo" of solving the problem.
4
1qL ii!
WaL L
Mll

ACCMION NR: AT4019045
The application of thin method to problem@ involving the passage of neutrons andgamma
quanta through a substance is possible due to the absence of any Interrelation between the
particles In real beams. The difficulties that arise In connectim with the use of the Monte
Carlo method are concerned primarily with the determination of small probabilities. In
problems connected with the passage of radiation through a substance, the smallness of
the probability p may be occasioned by the absorption of the particles, their leakage from
the medium, energy losses as the result of slowing, etc. It Is pointed out that the Neuman
series for the solution of the kJnetic equation reduces the radiation transfer problem to
the computation of mgltiple Intervals, while the Monte Carlo method itself ponsists
essentially in the calculation of the terms of a Neuman series which dxe the multiple
intervals. Thia use of non-random points, in the opinion of the authors, Implies a repudiation
of the probabilities of the Monte Carlo scheme, eliminating the possibility of a practical
evaluation of the accuracy of the results. In those cases In which Interest attaches to a
particular functional of the kinetic equation solution, the methods which are described
In this article for increasing the statIBUcal effectiveness of the method normally provide an
accuracy quite satisfacory for practical purposes with a number of bligtories ranging from
2/4
card.

Ac
ACCESSION NR: AT40190116
103 to 104. The authors describe the method of conditional probabilities (in An~erican
technical literature this method Is known as the method of analyUcal averaging). It.is
noted that different modifications of this m are possible, all beimg based on the
9thod
Introduction of the transitional probability K(x -Vx), connected with K(z -v x) by the formula
XI)
__(x
K(X
K (x
where (D) is the region of space T in which the function 0 (x) assumes the greatest valueq.
The semL-anslytical Monte Carlo medwd Ito briefly discussed. This method is based an
the use of analytical solutions (provided such are possible) for certain ramificatl6na of
the basic straying process. The essential idea of the "control variable method" to ex-
plained., This technique Is sometimes also called the "correlation sampling method".
The point to made that the chief difficulty In the use of this method consists In finding
random values itical expectancies
t , of high correlation with the mathemr 'A
of which are kaWW We%ethod of local stream ckJdation is discussed and examples i
of its use are given. 7We use of quadrature formulas with random nodes to analyzed, and
i - general methods for reducing the
t Is noied that the further development of fita dispersion,
based on the construction of Interpolation-quadrature formulas, permits the formulation of
3/4

iFilfimilinnm IN I I is I a I pin 11PIR HEIM ONE
ACCEMON NR: AT4019045
quadrature evressions with random nodes of higb accuracy,-Wbich we very vadul for
practical applications. . A final section of the article dads with problem-molving Virough
-speeid electronic computers. Orig. arL Mau 19 formsd".
the use of high
ABSOCIAMON: none
ZNCL,. 0
Ov,
WB CODW NO RZY 0
T
C r 4/4

MIKHAYLUS, F. F. ; ZOLOTUKHM, V. G. , M. ~
"Solution methods of transport equation in inhomogeneou;s and finite media."
report submitted for 3rd Intl Conf, Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva,
31 Aug-9 SeD 64.

. . . ........... .
ACCESSION NRt AP4037259 S/02O0/64/0O4/OO3/O55R/0VA
AVMORs Termakoyl So Me (Moscow)
TITLEs Random qua&ratures of raised accuraW
SOURCEs Zhurnal Wohislitallnoy, matematiki I matematiaheakoy fisikit To 41 no* 3v
1964P 550-554
'TOPIC TAGSt random quadraturep Xonte Carlos spherical singularityp mechanical
, quadraturv, random nodes iteration quadrpture formulas Gaussian quadraturep Fourier
coefficient
ABSTRACTs The author studies quadraturs formulas (with random nodes) of raised
'accuracy vh1ch are, In a sense# analogs of Gaussian quadratur6s. go computes the
mean and the dispersion for the corresponding quadrature sum for inference on the
size of the error of the constructed quadrature formula,&. Orig. art. hass a
formulas.
;ASSOCIATIOWs none
I 29Jun63 DATZ ACQs OqJvn64 ENCL s 00
SUN CODSs Mi 10 REP Offs 002 1 002,
Card

BUBLIK, Yu.I.;._YERMAKOV,_, S.M.; YEFIMENKO, B.A.; ZOLOTHRIN, V.G.; PETROV, E.Tm.
Gamma-ray dose from a unidirectional source near -the anil-air Interfact.
Atom. energ. 18 no.6t628-629 Je f65. (MA 180)

L 6469-66 gn(m)l'
'PF(n)-2/W(M)
PF C vt
'ACCESSION NH: J~W
)OIXT
VON
.]u
39 0,039. IM
5
MUM jermal
~qrp
TITLE: Concerning the passage of 7 qjanta through Ah!j1dU
WWE.- Atomnaya energlyal, v. 190 no. 19 1965o 71-73
TOPIC TAGS: reactor shielding, waterj, leadj#.~Garm rvAleitfo~n~ Gajmk nedttering
ABSTRACT: The authors describe, an eftect connected vith ~e pa-1111ase of 7 quanta
through a fUt shield consistini c)k'tva components, a pril~~37 IAL',jar of wator and a
secondary layer of lead. The offoot con'slots. In Us fa4t~ jilholt 4,1 the ease, vhen
bard gana s are incident an the shield at lar'ae toll.bje normal. .1JJrQ4:-
, I ?
tion, an increase in the thickness of the water may leadtils on 14wreame in the
intensity of radiation transmitted throuSh the shield,. %%qt rea,tioiis for the phe..
nomenon are briefly explained. The effect vas observed ijui-Ing thit course or an
analysis of Monte Carlo calculations of the:-passlge of 7~21 I rs 04rixiah multilayer
shielding barriers; In wbich account was:tak6n:6k W i'' iM and aboorp-
cat .1-T
tion due to the phatoeffect and to pmIr produation. 'Them d1cuUtions were inade
for a mult1directional, soncenergetia radiation sourceo ija effball; takes place at
angles exceedins 820 and energies aboye 0 Kovo The wr Un cit the mdlatlon
characteristic -with the thicknens-of-the, vater JVer is i.iaMfi d1saussedo "The

-----------
11 hW:-,.j Jill.
ACC HWt APDOZE53V tFR/0089/6 aig/4 On/0179/01.80.
AUTHOR: GrQmovo Be v; TOrmgjkoVJJ, A.-Z; HAzarnijult& 01-I&A re..
A301odyankin.' M. A*
,VITLE, Angular and energy distribution of 11adiation t In 113
MM-Ma
13urfa;e or a iolume source
SOURCS: Atomnaya energiya, v. 19, noo' 2t.196DO pp-ls()
TOPIO TAGS: nuclear reactoro gamma re'diationo nllid4ear"Iphysicq apparatuis
ABSTRACT: Many layers of Material area Usually TIIA64d 4~n Ilueleav reic-
tors between the reactive core itneir and the okitdirle 4"rfuco of the
uhield. Therefore; various attenuation processes 1wast.b() taken Into
account in calculations of biological shieldirtg.~ !Uhe -authors itivesti-
Epated the angular and energy distribution of (!,ammal radlation on the out-
tilde surface of the reactor, The results of their rei-larob are given
for two cases. In one case, the reactor vessel w 'ab pricitected in water
by a boron shield while in the other case no boron ahillldine, was
)rovided. The Monte Carlo method was used for on aintions by means of
Ail
1-20 electronic computing machine. Itlivas assume 't1int the gaituna rays
for@ generated at the initial energy levels of 2,1~5 40~ b', 6 and 7 Lleva
~,.CCIM 1/2

L 6-66
-iC-CNRi 0
The greatest statistical error after 12,600.tests viej~"rj~ le1ja then 25% for
angular and 20% for energy distributions& The distObu4iona applied to
v
two above mentioned canes and seven energy .10 Ols Wbre jllustrntod by
two sets of histograms, Tho attanuatiola of 7 Mov nma 1,ru.jettiolij
lead shields was also analyzed, The re6lilto of th 0 andlyBis erproijdad
in; dose rates were tabulated and graphleally illfaat~ateid,,
ASSOCIATIONt None
Mr65
SUMaTTED.- BHCM Sim COE., NP
NO R3PS071 000 OMRI 006
COIJ. lax
.0

L rx)065-66
AMSSION MR: AP5021324 ()029
Makarov A,.. I celll!~V' Yu. G.,
AUTHOR: Te 1 akov, V. A.; Y e Lti~!hqy
I - ShembeIrl
.-Krasnovskiy, V. Bo K.
TITLE: The use of accelerating field fovasing in thf~~ braj;~Painj,,' part of a linear
ion accel rator
SOURCE: Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta, no. 4, 1965, 26~49
1~acceibrator component
TOPIC TAGS: MEV accelerator, ion beam focusing, particle
ABSTRACT: The beginning part of an accelerator.(b.p.a.): S distinguished by large;
relative velocity increments within the gaps of:tbe acceliratiiiIj system, The
existing theory of accelerating field focusing is applich ile t,.0 accelerators with
i small velocity increments only (1-27.) and describes onlvi "rly! th(, ion motion
W L" I s o
ith the b.p.a., Such a focusing ~(aql, Xelsteld; only elep.. r'o t i n'd f 4 7 MEV
proton linear accelerators and the piesent,#'uthiors testieOlthe 4il~,ce~.eratin$ Iield i
focusing in a b.p.a. with velocity inkremen~s of 5-15% Md an ~tnjection onergy
Le de' cribes the instru-',
of 50 kEV with an operative wavelength of 5~m. This arti4 P
ment and by comparing the proton spectra atAts exit. (dr;L t tub4s with a 1.1bannal
l/ 2 --------
M111 .19F,1-11 t 0,11 "M a i 1q. M. MWIMM, qw., F, P! M ff.. ON W,

11IMMWEN ~~

L 06293-67
EWT(m)/EWP(t)/ETI UP (c), JD~-WdOJ~/JR
AGG HR: AFWZLKM SOU= OD 0089/66/020/006/040/04?3
AUMR: Go=chw. 1. 0; IMI~L Ve AA YGMUk v, S M 12ly!h
#- 0; _snkova, V. V.;
,'Suvaravo A, P.; L. A. _9 -Tyr-
none
Trw Ugular distribution of fast neutrons behind iron Abields
'.SOtRCE** Atonnsys. energiyap v. 20j, no. 6, 1966, 469-473
TOPIC TAGS: neutron distribution, fast neutron# angular distributionj reactor
shielding, iron
ABSTRACT-* The authors have soured the angular and energy distributions of fast
:neutrons behind iron shimAr, 10 and 13 cm thickness. The results of the expori.
i ment exe comp&red-wiUFc-aliZations by the Monte Carlo mothod aW with maq-group
; calculations by the t1tranamisnion" matr'jc method in the 2? appvzlmstion. The
I results of the calculations show that the transmission of 4; &1eld depends
I
,strongly on the angular distribution of the incident radiation, The transmission
~measurements were made using an RIZ uranium-water reactor with a stainless steel
1 reflector. The agreement of the experimental and the calculated data an found to
Card 2/
UDC: 339.125.52,

L 0699,1-47
i= NR-- AF&M,5M
Do satisfactory both in absolute magnitude and in the form of Us wWilAr distribu-
Lions. A stuc~y was also judo, of the difference in character of the spatial and
uigaar distributions of fast neutrons from a point source In an infinite Immo-
Coneous medium and from a point' source located at a plane barrier. The rewAts
show that the allowance for the thickness of the shield leads to a steeper fall off
in the neutron flux than in the case of an infinite medium. other differences be.
Ween infinite and finite shields are also pointed out. The authors thank Yu. A.
Kazanskiy for valuable advice and discussions. Orig. art. ban: 5 figures and I
SUB COMB: lie SM DATZ: O4Soy63/ ORIG RV: .M3/ OTH RIW: 004
Card 2/2

t o-50-4-9-67 ~;-,-T (TO JR/GD
4ZC__NRt AT6027921 SOURCE CODE: UR/0000/66/ooo/ooo/oo671007.1
AUTHOR: Yermakov.-S. M.; Prokoflyeva,_Z,,A~,
'Z~
,ORG: None
TITLE: Use of the Monte Carlo method in shielding calemlations
iSOURCE: Voprosy fiziki zashchity reaktorov (Problems in physics o reactor shielding):
,sbornik statey, no. 2. Moscow, Atomizdat, 1966, 67-71
TOPIC TAGS: Monte Carlo method, radiation shielding, computer progriuming
ABSTRACT: The authors consider some procedural problems associated vith the compila-
tion of programs for solving problems in nuclear radiation shielding by the Monte
Carlo method. There are two classical approaches in using this method for calculating
the passage of radiation through matter: 1. modeling the behavior ot a neutron or y-
quantum in the medium and 2. writing out the solution for the ititegral equation of ra-,
diation transfer in the form of an infinite series with terma which wre multiple inte-
grals of increasingly higher order (Neumann series) with subsequent application of th9d
Monte Carlo method for calculating these tenus. Two probleino ai*e considered: t1le gen
eral structure of a program for shielding calculation and the structure of an elemen-
tary unit for general shielding geometry. It is assumed in the cliscussion that the
reader is familiar with the Monte Carlo method as presented in works by Buslenko,
Card 1

L 050-149-67
NR: AT6027921
Zolotukhin, Vladimirov and others where it'is shown that penetration of radiation
through matter may be given in terms of the phase coordinates of the particles along
its trajectory. A procedure is described for compiling a program to follow this tra-
jectory. Particular emphasis is given to that part of the program for det;.--.-Taining the
distances travelled by the particle in moving from a given point in a given direction
before exit frcm the medium. An algorithm in ALGOL-60 language is given in the form ol
a procedure for determining these distances and correlating the corresponding numbers.
The resulting gecimetric unit may be useful in other computaticoal methods, e. g. for
constructing three-dimensional nets for difference methods. OrIg. art. has: I formu-
Ia.
SUB CODE: 12, 091 SUBM DATE: 12Jan66/ ORIG REF; 003
Card

0
,W Now,. Woodak OU (M640 P- b-
04011ma wha sma wvpb mod Mon IwA no
ANN- to al~
0. M. Koubpos

YAB"Ov, B.P.
The 03olahlys Toronki" Cave In Pahlya. Zoolovedools 4t67-80 157.
(pashlya-ca,ves) (NLU IOF9)

I Y-,MWOVI S. S.
yMMKOV, s. S. "Investigation of Steel for the Cutting Edge* of
DriUs." Min Higher Eucation USSR. TaningroLd
Polytechnic Inst imeni M. 1. Kallhin4 1,eningrad,
1956. (Dissertation for the Degree or Candidate
in Sciences)
/4
7echnical
So: Knizhaya Istopis',, No. 17, 1956

"..j"
"An Investilption of Us, Oeometry Ot i COV64S UN Ath
WYEW
the Aid of a Stereegraphle Prc,~`ectloqI#" b7.11 .A: IVINONCOWS
WINA; ~_e-
lzvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Otdeleni e Te n c es M_ aukp
No 6, Jun 57) pp 5b-63
The article introduces a graphical method of sol-Ving a series of
problems which are encountered in an investigation of the geometry of a
Cardan suspension. -The method makes use of a stereographic ptojection and
is based on the method of analysis employed by V. V. Dobrovollskiy in hie
work., Teopiya. Sfericheskikh Mekhanizm . (The Theory of Spherical Mecha-
nisms),, Moscow, 19117.
The author first locates the stereographic image normal to the plane
of a Carden ring on a reference plane connected to a stationary basej then
determines the angle of inclination of a second Carden iing in relation to
the stationary base; next he determines the angle betwen the swinging axes
of the Cardan rings and the line of intersection of the Dlane or thp second
Cardan ring and the plane connected to the stationary base. Then be 1=tes,
on the reference plane connected to the stationary base) the otereographic
image of a point in the plane of the second Cardan ring, and finally, de-
termines the angles between the plane of the second Cardan ring and the
plane connected to the statiotWfy base., which are measja~,ed it', various planato
passing through the center of the suspension. (U)
5~UiM ~'Al 1Y,11

Yr "q -S
AUTHORt Yermakov, S. S. (Moscow). 2"-10/24
TITIZ: Uiryiiis of the geometry of the gimbalisuspeasiou with the
help of stereogra~hic projection. (Rassihotiehiye geometrii
kardannogo, podvesa pri. pomoshchi stereografibheekoy
~royektsii).
demii Nauk, Otdolanile T~khnicheskikh Nauk"
FMIODICALO "Izvesati2a, Aka
(Bull-eTT-n of tte Acibe., Technical Science~ Section),
195 79 W0069 pp.58-63 (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: The problem of expressing the relations between the
different angles defining'the,positiolk of a gimbal mounting
is considered. Previous *ork;;has used spherical trigo-
nometry or Cartesian projections of a.~unit vector. The
present paper uses the construction in a plane, with the
help of stereographic projection, of'Seometric figi~res
which are in mutually unique correlation vith geometric
figures given on a spherical surface. The plane coincides
with that of one of the great circles. The methods used
by Dobrovollbkiy, V.V. (The theory of sphorical mechamisms,
Mashgiz, Moscow, 1947) and the properties'discover6d by
cara 1/2 Fedorov, Ye. S. (A course in crystallographyt Rikker,
- St. Petersberg, 1901) are the foundations of the present
study. Geometric constructions by the drawing of lines and

AUTHOR: Ternakovo at 13-1 Candidat* of Technical,' eu
TITLE: On the content of carbon in case hardening iste-la.
(0 sodershanii ugleroda v tsaneatuyo stelyakh).
PERIODICAL: "Netallovedenig i 0brabotka, Lejalloikr (Iletallurgy and
Metal-Tr-eatment), 19.57, 10,7s pp. 43-45;1(U*5*S.,Rq)
ABSTRACT: Ipatov, N. K..(4) investigated the resistance to repeated
impact of case hardened carbon steels containing 0 .16 and
0.23% 0 and arrived at the conclusion that an increase in
the 0 content from 0.16 to 0023% and aA incFease of the
case hardening depth brings about an increase of the
impact strength of steel and the highei ths:carbon content
of the case hardened steel the.more ha~mful'is the effect
of the case hardening. His 'conclusions, may not be fally
justified since-his investigations wwie not long enough
ana amounted to only about 10 000:impact cycles and also
he did not take into consideration the ratio of the area
of the case hardened layer to the,arei;of the entire cross
section. To establish the optimum carbon content in
case hardening steels 12 mm dia. 150 am long specimens
made of the Steels 10, 20, 35 and 45 were earburised for
Card 1/2 durations of 9 to 20 hours at 900 to 920 0 in a solid
carburising agent. The respective C contents were

YE X AIA)~ro V~' 5, 3"
AUTHOR: Vyaznikov, X.F., Termakov, S.S. 32-9-20/43
TITLEt A Method of the Investigation of Fatigue by LVact in Steel
(Metodika issladoyaniya stali n& udarnuyu ustalost')
PERIODICAL: Zavadskaya Laboratori*, 1957, Vol. 23, Nr 9. pp 1095-1097 (USSR)
BSTRACT: The authors developed a method for the deterudnation of the in-
fluence exercised by the liquid medium upon the impact fatigue re-
sistance of steel and carried out a corresponding investigation. The
scheme of a machine and the experimental method are described. The
recorded curves for continuous impact strength of the case-hardened
samples are given in form of the dependence of a nunber of impacts
until destruction upon the energy of the single impaci. It is shown
that the most resistant steel in the case-hardened state both in the
air and in the liquid medium in the steel 20 XM3A. From a comparison
of the curves obtained when investigating in the solution and in the
air, it may be seen that in the case of all types or steel a decrease
of impaot-fatigue-strangth may be observed when investigation is
carried out in the solution. In the case of short investigations
(20-40 min.) in the liquid medium this decrease amounted to 38-42%,
in the case of tests of long duration (45-50 hours) it amounts to
53-55%. In order to detemine the influence exercined by the compo-
Cara 1/2 sition of the solution on the decrease of the strength of steel,

A Method of the Investigation of Fatigue by Impact in Steel
32-9-20/43
comparative impaot-fatigue-tests were carried out with case-hardened
samples of 12 KW2A steel in pure distilled water, in the air, and
in a solution. It is shown that the greatest decrease of impact
strength was obser7ed in the case of the test carried out in the
solution. The investigation of the destroyed sample showed that the
working surface of the sample had no oxide film an a result of a
test carried out in distilled water, in contrast to the surface
obtained by the investigation carried out in the solution. It is
assumed that, besides the phenomena of the adsorption and strutting
effect, the reduction of impact strength Is caused also by the
affect of corrosion. In the came of short experiments the effect of
corrosion is of no importance, but with an increase of the duration
of the experiment the role played by it increases steadily. The data
obtained agree well with the testa carried cALt in nature with
drilling milling cutters ( the latter developed in a liquid medium
under cyclical impact streesee). There arc ) fiVires, i table and
3 Slavic references.
AVAnMLS: Library of Congress
Card 2/2

SOV/137-58-10-21617
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 10, p 166 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Nekhendzi, Yu.A., Vyaznikov, N.F., Yermakov, S.S.
TITLE: New Types of Steel for Manufacture of Cutters of Drilling Bits
and Methods of Their Investigation (Novyye stali dlya sharo-
shek burovykh dolot i metodika ikh iiialedovaniya)
PERIODICAL: Materialy Mezhvuz. nauchn, soveshchaniya po vopr. novoy
tekhn. v neft. prom-sti, 1958, Vol 3, pp 111- 127
ABSTRACT: Factors affecting the destruction of cutters of drilling bits
(CDB) were investigated and a number of requirements which
must be satisfied by steels of which tho CDR are made were
developed. Comparative impact-strength testt; were performed
on .11 different types of steel. It was established that the in-
crease in impact strength; produced during surface hardening
of the CDB by means of cementation, is decisively affected by
the strength of the carburized layer (CL), rather than by the
magnitude and nature of distribution of the residual and surface
stresses. It is therefore essential that sucn alloying elements
as Ni, Cu, etc., which tend to reduce brittleness and increase
Card I/Z the strength and plasticity of the CL be introduced into

SOV/ 137-58-10-21617
New Types of Steel for Manufacture of Cutters of Drilling Sits (cont.)
carburized steels employed for the manufacture of the CDB. The greatest
increase in impact strength as a result of carburization is observed when the
ratio of the depth of the CL to the radius of the spacimen amounts to 0. 18-
0.22, and the ratio of the surface of the CL to the surface of the entiro Spec-
imen amounts to 0.36-0.38. It is found that the following types of stee3s com-
bine optimal mechanical properties with high impact strengthi 1)
25KhZGNZDZF steel containing 0.2-0.28% C, 0.3-0.4% Si, 0.9- 1. 1% Mn, 1.5-
1.876 Cr, 1.8-2.276 Ni, 0.15-0.2% V, and 1.8-2ZIo Cu! JIG, 44-37; (rs' 158-
141 kg/ Z* T 2
mm , , 169-152 kg/rnrn : q1, 48.3-53.6%; 6, 7,95-10.17a; ak,
7.6-13 kgm/-m ; 2) 25KhZGNZT steel containing 0.2-028'1/6 C, 0.3-0.4% Si'*
0.8-1.176 Mn, 1.5-1.876 Gr, 1.8-2.Zlo Ni, 0.8-0.157o Ti; Rc. 44-38; (r., 150-
138 kg/MM2; (rb, 163-152 kg/mmz; qj, 48.8-52.61o; 6, 8.8-9.97a; ak, 7.3-
9 kgm/cmz; 3) 25KhNFR steel containing 0.2-0.281o C, 0.3-0.476 Si, 0.6-
0. 8% Mn, 0. 9 - 1. 2% C r, 0. 9 - 1. Z(76 Ni. 0. 15 - 0. 25a V. 0. 0 0 3 - 0. 0 0 4% B; RC 1 3 9 -
3Z; a-s, 147-134 kg/mmz; a-b, 156-145 kgimmz; qi, 42.3-49.6%; 6, 7.5-
8.7%; ak, 8-9.38 kgm/cm?-. 1. B.
1. Drills--Production 2, Cutting tools--t4aterials 3. Steel-.-Physical
properties
Card Z/Z

AUTHMS: Vyaznikov, If, F., Yermakov, S. S. lcoy/163-58-3-39/49
TITLE: Residual Stroasba in Stools at Cliollicial 4trid Tiierinal Trot"'Viont
(Ostatochnyyenapryazheniya v stali pri khimiko-termicheskoy
cibrabotke)
PERIODICAL: Nauchnyye doklady vysohey shkoly. Metullurgiya, 1958,
Ur 3, pp 236 - 241 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The influence exerted by the composition of the steel on
the extent and the character of the distribution of
the residual stresses in cementite samples was investigated,
and the extent and the character of the distribution of
the residual tension in the subsurface re,~,-iorj and the
structure of the cementite layer were determined. The
investigations were carried out with the steel samples
23wdr un(V 2,r-1(h2CM2T . To investigate the influence exerted
by carbon on the extent and the distribution character
of the residual stress carbon steels of the typeq20, 30
and 40 were cemented at depths of 1,5 - 1,6 mm. The
cementation of the samples was carried put in the carbonizer
at temperatures of 910-9200 within 3-20 hours. Then the
Card 1/2 samples were again hardened in oil at 780-8000. From

Residual Stresses in Steels at Che=ical and Thermal SOV1163-56-3-391149
Treatment
the investigations carried out may be aes-tn th;!A ~','itli
a cementation layer of a thicknooo of up to 1p6 mm
in all samples the renidual tension decroasesp which
is also the case when the carbon content of the ,teel
is increased. When the diameter of the samplen increases
and the thickness of the layer of cementite remains
the same the extent of the surface comprension stress
is increased. Until the optimum thickness of the cementite
layer is reached the change of the residual stress pro-
oeeds on the melting curve. With a thicker cementite
layer a removal of the residual tension is observed. Ther-
are 3 figures, 2 tables, and 6 referencea,&Uof which are
Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnicheskiy institut (Leningrad Poly-
technical Institute)
SUBMITTED: Cctober 1. 1957
Card 2/ 2

1B(7),18(3)
,!JTHORS: liekhendzii-Yur A., Vyaznikov, N. ?of SOV/163-58-4-43/47
Yermakov, S. S.
TITLE: ~omp~os-itins of Casehardening Steel (Movyye sostavy
tsementuyemoy stali)
PERIODICAL: Nauchnyye dok'Lady vysshey shkoly. Metallurgiya, 1958# lir 4,
pp 240-247 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The present investigation was carried out at the laboratoriya
termoobrabotki i liteynaya laboratoriya LPI (Laboratory for
Heat Treatmen-~ and Pounary Work at the,Leningrad polytechnical
Institute). The results of an investigation of standard steels
18KhGT and 25Kh2GT (formerly used for milling cutters), and
those of four new casehardening steels (suggested by theauthors)
are given. The now steels arei 25Kh2GN2D2F # 25Kfi2GN2T and
25KhNFR. The method, the determination of critical points, the
investigation of depth hardening capacity, the investigation of
mechanical properties, the investigation ofthe steelfor repeated
impact, the investigation of the influence of hardening layer
depth and steel composition on fatigue impact strength, the
Card 1/2 investigation of fatigue impact strength of steel in air and

New Compositions of Casehardening Steel SOV/163-58-4-i-43/47
in liquid medium is given. The investigation showed that the
intred-,iction of n-Ackel and copper into the -asehardening steel
inc:reases the fatigue impact strength of steel. The fatigue
impact strength of steel increases, on account of casehardeningg
only tu a certain depth of the hardening layer. The optimum
e-epth cf the hardening layer is obtained at a ratio of 0.18-0.22
between depth cf layer and radius. In the investigation of the
oasehardened samplas for fatiguo impact strongth in liquid
medium, the impact endurance limit of the steel decreases
strongly both in continuous tests (50-55 hours) and in
shcrt-termed tests (30-40 mizrates). The new types of steel
sUggested here can be recommended for tf~e production of parts
streastid by repeated imipa,it* There are 4 filfures,2 tables, and
6 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(Leningrad Polytechnic Institute)
SUBMITTED: October 1, 1957
Card 2/2

TXRXWT, S.S.. kand.tekbn.neuk
Dwpondence of ateel resistance to sbock on to"ring temmraturs.
Isv. vys. ucheb, sav.; chern. mt. noe?;157-162 JI '58-
Oau litio)
1. Leningradekly polit,ekbulchasKy lustitut.
(Steel-lestincYl: (tampering)

SOV/129-56-9-14/16
AUTHOR: Yermakov,.,,8,..__8., Candidate of Technical Science
TITLE: Book review (Retsenziya)
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeni e i Obrabotka Metallov, 1958, lir 91
PP 55-57 (USSR)y
ABSTRACT: The book "Manufacture of Iron Powder" by G.V.Sameonov
and S.Ya.Plotkina, Metallurgizdat, 1957 iB reviewed by
S. S. Yermakov
1. Iron powders--Production
Card 1/1

AUTHORS s Yermakov, S. S., Yosipovich, Ye. U. (L:0300w) 1031-19-5-2/14
TITLE: A Method of Forming Transmission Functiona of Sam2led-
-Data Control Systems With Extrapolating Devices ('"'etodika
sostavleniya peredatochnykh funktsiy inpul'snykh sistem.
regulirovaniya, ooderzhashchikh ekstrapoliruyushchiye
,stroystva)
PERIODICAL: Avtomatika i Telemekhanika, 1958, Vol- 19, fir 5,
PP- 401-407 (USSR)
ABSTRACTj A mothod of forming tho transmission fund-tions of extra-
polating devices is given hore. It parmits to use the
existing theory of impulse control for an analysis and
synthesis of systems containing these devices. The extra-
polating devices serve for transforming the discreet data
into continuous (or continuous in places) ones. The follo-
wing is showns 1) In the investigation of the dynamics
of the control system %ith an impulse element, connected
in series, with an infinitely small reciprocal of the pulse
duty factor (skvazhnost') (y-40) and an extrapolatinj de-
Card 1/2 vice these terms can be replaced by an inpulse element

A Method of Forming Transmission Functions of 103-19-5-2/14
Sampled-Data Control S.Yatems -With Extrapolating Devices
which forms pulses of a rectangular shape and To 1, and
by the linear (continuous) part of the extrapolating de-
vice which is also connected in series. 2) The transmis-
sion function of the linear part of the extrapolating de-
vice can be found by the application of the usual (and not
discreet) Laplace transformation. Thko tronamission function
only expresses the connection between the representation of
the input and the output quantity in the case of a certain
shape of the input action - in the case of a continuity of
the rectangular pulses with r w 1. Therefore such a func-
tion can be called a conditional transmission function.
3) On the basis of the data given here it can be stated
that the method of the conditional transmission functions
(in the sense here mentioned) is applicable when the input
action represents a continuity of impulses of any previously
known shape.
Tfiere are /+figures, I table and 4 referemoeB, all of which
are Soviet.
SUBMITTED s November 1, 1957
AVAILLBLE: Library of Congress
Card 2/2 1. Mathematical computers--Operation 2. Mathematical computers-
Control

oil
oil
got
i HIM-
! --R
FBI
ttllm
"all
qr

SOV/129-59-2-7/16
AUTHPR;,, Yermakoy,_�.I~-, Candidate of Technical Sciences
TITIB: Impact Fatidutemg%le Steel 30KhGS (UdaryWa
vynoolivost' stali 30KhGS)
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i Termicheakaya Gbrabotka Metfallov,
1959* Nr 21 PP 34 - 36 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The author investigated the influence of the tempering
temperature on /the impact fatigue strength of 30KhGS steel
(0 60716 Mn, 1.20916 Cr and 0.99% Si). The impact
fa;i'Ne*,~itested on a machine, a sketch of which is
shown in Figure 11, in which a specimen with dimensions
as shown in Pigure 2 was subjected to pure impact bending
(the load was applied simultaneously at two points with
impact energies of 25 and 60 kgcm) with a frequency of
600 impacts/iain. After each impact, the sDecimen was
turned by 15 - Preliminary treatment of the specimens:
Afte machining, the specimens were quencted in oil from
880 6C, tempergd, in oil for 2 hours at 100, 200, 300, 400:
500, 600, 700 'C and, following that, cooled in air.
Three of the specimens were not tempered Sfter hardening
and a further three were annealed at 880 C for 2 hours.
Cardl/3 Comparative fracture tests were made on a "Gagarin" press

Impact Patiguello?7%Wlteel 30KhGS SOV/129-59-2-7/16
and the impact strength was determined bv means of a
pendulum impact-testing machine with an impact energy
of 30 kgm. The obtained results, graphed in Figure 3,
show that all the mechanical properties, i.e. strength,
impact strength, and impact fatigue strength increase
in the case of tempering at 200 C. For tempering
temperAtures above 200 C, the strength and yield point
values dropqbgJmpact strengtg drops sharply at tempering
temperatures from 290to 500 C. However, for a tempering
temperature of 500 C, there is an increase in the
impact strength. In contrast to this, 811e impact fatigue
strength shows a second 4- at 400 C when the impact
strength is lowest aad at 500 C the impact fatigue
strength drops sharply. In the cage of impacts of
60 kgcm specimens tempered at 400 0 withstand the largest
number of impacts, whilst in the case of impacts with
energies of 25 kgcm, the specimens tempored at 200 C
withstand the largest number of impacts,, It was found
that for this steel, the fatigue strength in the case of
Card2/3 repeated impact loading has features which are not revealed
in static tests or in single-impact bending testrn,.

Impact Fatigu*4?9V2Krr--'~tee1 30JKhGS SOV/129-59-2-7/16
The fatigue curve for repeated impact loads, as a
function of theotempering temperature, shows two maxima
at 200 and 400 C, respectively. The magnitucL-s of these
maxima are determined by the energies of the individual
impact. There axe 3 figures and 4 references, 3 of
which are Soviet and 1 German.
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(Leningrad Polytechnical Institute)
Card 3/3

BOV/129-59-6-9/15
AUTHORS: Vyaznikov, N.F., Yermakov, B.S., Candidatt~s or
Technical Sciencer
TITLE: Residual Stresses in the Hardened and the Case-hardened
Layer (Ostatochnyye napryazheniya v zakalennom tsemento-
vannom sloye)
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i termicheakaya obrabotka metallov, 1959,,
Wr 6, pp 41 - 45 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The aim of the work described in this paper was to establish
the influence of the steel composition and also of the depth
and the structure of the carburized layer on the magnitude and
the character of the distribution of the residual stresses in
carburized components. The influence of allo:ying elements and
of the carbon contents on the residual stresses in carb-urizzd
and heat-treated specimens was investigated on alloy and carbon
steels with compositions as given in the table on p 42. Cyl-
ind ical specimens of 12 mm dia, 150 mm length, were investi-
gated after being carburized in-a mixture of 8% chascoal 10%
sodium carbonate and 5% barium carbonate at 910-920 C for
durations of 3-20 hours. Immedia-tely after removal from the
carburization boxes, the specimens were quencheg in oil and
quenched for a seoond time in oil from 780-800 G. gollowing
Cardl/4that, the specimens were tempered for 1 hour 4t 200 C and

SOV/129-59-6-9/15
Residual Stresses in the Hardened and the Case-liardexled Layer
cooled in air. For one of the stools the up8almeno were a~ib--
jected to intermediate tempering at 660-6030 C for a duration of
4 hours prior to the se~,ond quenching. On the ba2is of the
obtained results,. the followlag conclusions axe arrived at.
1) The. magnitude' of the resIdual stresseo axid the character of
their distribution along the i~rcss-sectioii of the quenched,
carburiz.)d specimen depends on the depth of the carbur..zed
layer as well as on the c.-hemical composition of the steel.
2) Yn increasing the depth of the carburised layer from
0.6-2.2 mm, the magnitude of the residual surface stressea
changes greatly. In the case of relatively shallow ca:Tb1ir:,.z--
ation depths, there are compression stresses at the surfa,,,e of
the specimens wh.-1.,-,h tn,:~rease- with increasing depth of -carburiz-
ation up to carburization depths of 1.2 mm. Yu:rther Increace-
of the carburization. depth 'Leads to a reduction in the comprea-
Sion stresses and in the case of carburization depthe ex-7eeding
2 mm residual tensile atreases will be present at th,~
specimen siirfaces.
Card2/4

SOV/129-59-6-9/15
Residual Stresses in the Hardened and the Case-hardened Layer
3) In accordance with the changes ia the residual surface
stresses, there will also be changes in the magnitude and
the character of the stresses along the cross-section of
the carburi2gd specimens. If the depth of carburization
does not exceed 1.2 mm., there will be a continuous change
in the residual stresses aloug the aross-section.
However, if the carburization depth exceeds 2 mm, the
curve representing the distribution of the
residual stresses will show a discou'Un-mity in the
compression stresses.
4) The magnitude and the character of the residual
stresses are greatly dependent on bhe presence in the
structure of a hardened layer of exaess carbides and
of residual austenite.
Card3/4

St/129-59-6-9/15
. rd
R~didual Stresses in the Hardened and the case- dened Layer
Th.ere are 2 figures, 1 table and 3 Soviet references,
ASSOCIATION: leningradekiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(lieningrad Polytechnical Institute)
Card 4/4-

25'(6) 80~/ 32 -25-5- 3o/62
AUTHORs Yermakov, S. S.
------------- 1_11_~
TITLE-. ---
Methods of Investigating Steel With Respect to Abrauion Under
Alternating Shock-like Loads (Metodika isaledovanija stali na
abrazivnyy iznos pri udarnoperementlyk1i nagmzkakh)
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1,059, Vol 25, Ur 3, PP 337-339 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Methods have been worked out by which data on abrasion under
alternating shock-like loads as a function of composition and
structure of tile abrasion layer can be obtained. Data for the
steel types 20KhN2A, 20KhN3A, and 20N31,1A (Table) were obtained
by these methods. In principle, the tewt unit (Fig 1) is a
spring which causes the loading. An electric motor rotatev a
shaft (700 rpm). Samples in the form of coe wheels (Fig 2) were
tested; in this case the jolting effoot (in. addition to the ef-
fect of friction caused by the rotation) was conveyed by the
cogs. White electro-corundum (0.6-0.0 mm), corundum (3-5 mm),
and quartz sand, in a liquid with a composition nimilar to sea
water, were used a~; abrasion mixture. The switi~les were cemented
into hard carburizing nalt up to a la4ter thicknes3 of 1.5-1.7 rnm

Card 1/2 at 930 t 100 and givAn a, Lharmal t;r'j!rtr,,,-.Jmvnt of various

SOV/32-25-3-30/62
Methods of Invectigatine Steel With Respect to Abraaion Unler Alternating
Shock-like Loads
types. The results showed (Fig 3) that the -thermal aftertreat-
ment, i.e. the microBtructure of the layer i.-onsiderably in-
fluencos the degree of abrasion. 2ON3MA steol raij invet;tigated
with regard to the influence of the load on t4'-,.- ;,br!uiion P.n,' it
was found that an increase of abrasic-A~it is dotfoled) almost doffinct
occur until the load has increased fro-m 150 to 250 k6. The ab-
rasion of the steels tested depends on the 3tructure and hard-
ness of the surface layer under otress. There are 3 figures,
1 table, and 2 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Leninpradski~- polit:~]~hnicl'Leski~ irutitat im. M. I. Kalinina
(LL-nint,y-re.it Pol~tcchnical Institute inerii b1. 1. Kalinin)
Card 2/2

ell: 1 - 11:1 1q
T C- -P, M 1~ r, 0 PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/4024
Vyaznikov, Nikolay Filippovich,, and Sergey Stepanovioh Yermakov
Primeneniye Izdeliy poroshkovoy metallurgli v promyshlennosti (use
of Powder-Metallurgy Products in Industry) Moscow, Mashgiz, 1960.
187 p. Errata slip inserted. 5oOOO copies printed.
Reviewer: P.B. Mikhaylov-Mikheyev* Professor; Ed.: M.I. Koryukov,
Docent,, Candidate of Technical Sciences; Ed. of Publishing House:
M.A. Chfas; Tech. Ed.: A.I. Kontorovich; Mana Ing Ed. for Lit-
erature on Machinery Manufacturing (Leningrad ;[vision, Mashgiz)s
Ye. P. Naumov, Er-gineer.
PURPOSE: This book is Intended for technical personnel in machine
and Instrument manufacturiAq Industries. Xt may also be useful
to students at schools of higher technical education.
COVERAGE: The authors describe."methods of producing powders from
various ferrous and nonferrous metals and the manufacture of rare
and refractory metals by powder metallurgy. The theory and methods
of manufacturing powdered-metal products and the properties of such
Card 1/6

Use of Powder-Meta22urgy Products In Industry SOV/4024
products (friction and antlfrlotlon materials., carbldes and heat-
resistant alloys, filters, magnets and other machine partB,,ete.)
are presented. No personalities are mentioned. There are 83
references: 63 Soviet, 22 English, 7 German, and I Polish.
TABLE OP COMNTSt
Introduction 3
Ch. I. Metal Powders, Their Propertlen,and Methods of Production 5
1. Mechanical methods for producing metal powders 5
2. Physlooohemleal methods 9
3. Processing proportion of metal powders N
4. Physical properties 1
5. Chemical properties 23
6. Brief information on metal powders 25
Ch. II, Pressing of Metal Powders 28
Preparation of a mixture 28
Measuring out the mixture and filling the die 32
9. Pressing 33
10. Theory of pressing 42
11. Properties of compacts 47
12. Hot Vressing 50

18,7500
78124
Sri
AUTHORS: VyazrAkov, 11. F., Yormakov, 3, S., Soldatova, 11. 11.
Candidates of
TITM Gano Hardening of Ohrornium Stfllrklcf~:' Stf,~el
PERIODICAM Metallovedeniye* I teVjjjjChQ.I1(AYjA mil,".111ov,
1960, Nr 3, PP 11-13 (USSR)
ABSTRAM This is a report concerning tho determination of a
method of case hardening of oteelo IKKI3 and
lKhl7, with the purpose of inox;ea-Sing the -mirface
hardness of products made from thf--n. Low-chromium
stainless steel does not have a SUMC-lent hardness
in hardened state and th(.,.,rfore cannot be tised for
products subject to abr(ulon and (.--ornpression waar,
etc. The chemical composition,of Inve:'itigated ~Aeels
is given in liable 1.
Card 1/4

Case Hardening of Chrom1wa StalrileBgs Steel 78124
Table 1.
Mn
FCTINI
IX13 012 0,75 141 13 3 0,20
I
IX17 0: 00,80 0:.jo118:() O,go
Case hardening wa!3 done In a tiolld carburiz1ol.,,- age-rit"
containing 85% of birch charcoal, 10% of Liodlum
carbonate, and ~)% of, baLj'JUM carbonai-e. The 20 x 20
x 60 mim samples were packed In 6,1rori heatod
for 12 hr at 9000, 9500, 1,()00-', ,-,rid 1,01)0() C' and
cooled in the air. 11he har(Ineso of ;3,.*Lmp1(---.,,,
Card 2/ 4 quenched from 1,000 C aftor ca.-,(-- lv'vvdeninf-~ Cor

Case Hardening of' ChromIUM Stainle-sks Stf.~,el
i F
SO'I/l2q-.,o-s--4 6
4-12 hr af~,' ;arious depths of caj)a hardened layer..
is illustrated in'Figure li 4
55
15
V.6 0.9 t?
73

Dtsr#Afcr rPOPA SURFACE
Fig. 1. Hardness of samples, hardened from 1 0000 C,
at various depths of case hardened layers (11 Bteel
Card 3/4 IKhl3j (2) steel M17.

Case Hardening of Chromium Stainless Steel 781'214
SOV/129-60-3-3/i6
ASSOCIATIONt
The conducted tests proved that the max1mum hardne.9s
of stainless steel (without case hardening) after
quenching from 1,000-1,5000 C is not over 30 RC,
while after case hardening it jr~creases to 55-60
RC. The steel which was case hardened at 950' C
differs very little (in hardnese) from the steel
case hardened at 1,0000 C. Therefore, the authors
recommend case hardening componentsmade from
stainless steels lKhl3 ang M17 at 9500 C and
quenching them from 1,000 C. There are 2 figures;
and 5 tables.
Leningrad Polytechnic Institute imeni M. 1. Kalinin
(Leningradskly Politekhnicheskiy inetitut imeni
M. 1. Kalinina)
Card 4/4

YERMAKOV, S.S.j PEODANILS.
Methods of meamwing impact energy in testing wtals far impact
end=sm . Zav. lab. 27 not 12;1313-1~U 161. CHM& 15W
le Leningradskly politekbid.-heoldy institut in, i.l. Win' .
(Metals-Tooting)

F;
0?416/6,~600/600/A1410 13
riijui Iii pie
TITLE: The wear and fatigue of S%I'elund~,r
ed-Wm lit
ta, an abrasive liquid in r
t P
SOURCE: Metzillovedemye i te r r.. 1-,V 1*~O.-~. f 0 r -f: 1*~~ t'4~ p 0
rnic4e i; kayi~ bbiabotka
matd1lovedeniyu i to rmlthe~koylcibralbotkle, dV; t. v
Moscow, Metallurgizdat,1 JI 9 6-2, -:z 6 9.
TE:XT: The, pa pe r describes, a no z~s~iiig
vel tr T11J.4; tost r6j,ulo o
expe rimentation intended to inve Sti-atu 'the -~roble-rn (.--f znd flMig-re
I .1d'peated lodd~ d
!rasulting from laticue fissures in tij ln~ P y
action o., an abrasive liquid' modmm on &,teeLo~thal`t ur m4ril-o have elov to.4,
resibtlancc a-ainist --brat,,iv(; wcar, hl~ith S 43-nd 1.404K A r,-,'~ i-l~ tdugh-ie
t rl-
tet;t equiprnent. is shown in a schcnra~ic r, r4llollltil; O~c tioi~.` r1 It a I '19tor-cirvle,ri
able vertical shaft is fitted at its lwaiir ondi"Irith.a ~;t4r-i4~,L!pL-d. i4l,wrnble 31
zontal idlez shii.fts- which serve as yournalu fcjr VC u lzo, 11~rncn
wheels. 6 15 1: 2-1~ieki roj'41 in
yrhca the vertical 51 -aft rot.-;;:tes~-
p
a circular path over a cast-iron pfate, and" dUy C xe r t t; a I
rizi load onthe vertical shaft, the specitnen~whc(-!!) ii-~~ their ccritact
sp
Card 1/4

The- wear and fatigue- of steel
-s Nvith the cast-iron platte impack Io it a s! o fprcd-~;~tELW
Poinf
The -impact-wear pair is contained in: z.4.circulav:bath filicu'i
consisting of co:rundum and qua rtz, sazid.. Id asmuch lu~
the gear-shaped specimens agains;t the-,'.r rc!s~pective
the interstice bctween them is also filled with tHe abra.siNi a!
provides also information 'on the non-ivnpad.t~weuar ol'pnirr' 61,
Specimens made of steels~ 2OX1112-h (ZGI,'JiNZA), O~L,'
ZON3MA) werp tested (mechanical properti~,n 4re *buliild
mpact faugue were performed by th6 pure-band
Supported as a simple bearn arld 10.'t'daj with twd.
loads; these tests were perforraed in ali- aind :0)1 iliq-46
equipment Used is sho%vn in cr' IjPoCWI!C ~11
cementation and heat treatment to increascl! their halrdndfqjii~
abrasion resistance. Cementatic.)n was doi rbur
different heat-treatment methods followed le~em~mta~iort:l
a-Ld Z-hr teiitin6'v at 180." J
cementing, Zd 00 from 7700, 1 b(I
0., a, o
40 intended to reduce the '.n unt of re'~ainil ~ -
6
layer, followed by Q and temper as. in(l), . (3) aii c6cill,r'g
cementat tion, then reheat to 930-8500, OQOI and.Z-I~r
(4) cooling in the carburizin,,,,, box to 200 ~Quqach Aromi,
Card 214
0 i ''von
13
fre~j' iericy and
Irl- a 1) r-- s iv~a Lid uid
forr.4 prl~-.Sscs
rij'Naner ciskj;, a.).-id
liqi:j1d, -the exi),,rhnient
in) the abrasive Jibuid.
Iri'44j! Al 'and ZO~143 MA
iments 14 r
it.-nen
ot i iotating 31,ec
rio'rmal
rnodia. Thcitc:it
Subject('d to
ancl~ lhancc, dii,~ir
-.e r at 930*(' 3. Four
-ifter
;i 7-hr I-n'per at
n the
(Ri~~ ~4.
to V;r,'o-5000 alzer.
was pl'-.rformed to

Y
x
The wear and fatigue of's-eel unde'r rnu i-ple ~8 -411611 OV000101~'[PJ3
it
4
a mir. te thd ~,fna;.-. fjiz,~ arid rernrvi- th t: ~j - I e ')~~etwiillr
M U
c
2d 0 (720-740') was intended to millitnizij th6.qwjntftj ctif 11
J!" I u, 1." 0
s ~ m_Z0611 1 111*1C.
-were te-mpered for Z hrs at I
pechnens
& c -la,
arburized n:-ist;ng La r! ziA~ L s. t~3 ndf:c (MI)
f(.,, r rnicrostructure co of ;kicu
:R C 61-63. Tho othe-. 2 1ho.: i d-d not elillillate
almost complete 4bsence of kA;
aLl of the 1A, aft I their 11ardl-wai W.0; lovio r, 1lmll).M, t ~fa.t~JJLIJ J,~
1 :1. ,
r~L & 'n I *T- 1- 6 M-11
~sults of the detisMination of the ii )I;iCt-Yat1g, Frp)t F i0ii C
cemented to -- depth of 1.6-1.8 rn m, ai%d heated-itrilbtedALL al~~of i a: 4 above -
q
Ste~~-l 2C)INN314A., h
mentioned ways are tabulated. !.o rna d, d'fl
(1), in which the carburized la-yer containad Rik In th6
ely dir, VC r 3; CH,
uniformly distributed inclusiona, had the mos:1t:fav.prable 10.4fl)er* ea. Additie,)nai
n ,
t;Ats showed that :in increase fro m. 720 to 7800 of the se(,.q. ;L Q . Iri,proved Che
sticity of the carburized layer and the I R. i oX th6 !~pecizrn asl;%fell
strength and pla C 114
by . lightly the quantit ture, S
increasing s y of P.A. Y6t higher;'secolilld- J;:Mpe
0 1 of the I., _
impaired the IFR of the steel by engendcrh~g': appreciz),ble- ~rj pwth M C yszals.
1a the- same steel it was found that an increasci in ca,*rb'Ur1;e#' 1-;1ay it: thickne:t,~!j UD:zto
6.3 of the total cros s -sectional area. of,the specirnen i!,rprf:) ~d tl.e.'WR ofthe
specimen, but a further increase in thickness re4uce ~ the! ; FIL IThO Ifati-Lic- t(:S-s
in a corrosive liallid medium were performe(i in'a so14tib11i11j,1MAo. I 11~ in composition
Card 3/4

_77 ---------
--7
The wear and ft~igue of ste I u der riviltiFd ..~Io
e n
9 e~. water, - and a reduction in IPR. WMU4-obs rvad~raOU ArAlf~ I~Uzil:Wloiag-tert i
11 t aA!.3 A'(1 A, N)I-~ I
(~0-50 Min) tcsts-, but in Jhort-U.,man (010-40 rn~l) tiiivc
tile 20' hN., 1 A 3imiC
stec!: M-nimal wear occurred vnth Ltto t-d
according to mathod (1). In sunn.-mary, tl:.L~ bo 100 4 r T'a H i,. i~c e' ajdcxr im jmc t
-vi- lir, MI dtrl -~uze~ :Jth a srn;-LL
loads was exhibited by steel ha n, IV
rmly distributed auste itc,' Wde r I ~tat:x lo!:O 1~: b, -!io trast, I'lle
amount of unifo. 1 r, n
wear increased in the presence of RA: .n t.1he 8a'rI~urizeid 1.1!"' V hore
fi&res and Z tables; no references::
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnichesIdy institut hI.+ X alinina.
IT

'kCC14R_&___AT-7'004_5_1_9 SOURCE CODE: UR/2563/66/000/268/0041/0046
AMOR: Yermakov, IS. S.;.Dcbrovatovar K. S.
ORG: Leningrad Polytochnical Institute (Leningradskiy politekbnicheakiy institut)
TITLE: Effect of alloying additions an the properties of Iron-bus powder metallurgy
materials
SOURCE: 'Leningrad. PolitekhalchaskLy Institut. Trudy, no. 260, 1966. Metallovedeniye
(maul Wienc*), 4JL-46
TOPIC TAGS; powder metallurgy, Iran alloy, graphite, copper containing alloy, nickel
containing alloys powder metal sInteriqj, motallographic examination, impact resin-
tance
ABSTRAM A study was done an iron-base powder metallurgy materials composed of 94
to 99% iron alloyed with nickel, copper# and graphite. Seven mixtures were made:
(1,2) graphite alone-4.0 and 3.0%; (3) graphite--1.0tp Cu-3.0%1 (4) graphite--3.0%,
Cu--3.0%; (5) graphite--1.0tv Wi--3.0%; (6) graphite-4.04, Mi-4.0t; and (7) gra-
phite-3.0%, Cu--1.5%, Ni--195%. Shrinkage and density were given as functions of
composition and compacting. Microstructures and mochanical:properties were datormin-
ad on the finished proft4ts., Before compacting, the powder mixtures were dicoxidized
and sifte4 through a-*croon. Cylindrical samples of 18 Wgbt an4 10 mm diameter
Card 1/2

ACC NRs
were compacted'at pressures of 7-12 7/cm2 and siviterid for 2 bra at temperatures of
1050, 1100, and 11500C In dissociated ammonia. Cracking occurred above 10,T/CM2 so
for optimum compacting the*pressure was kept at 9-10 A'/cu2 resulting in a residual
porosity of 14-18%. The sintered dansity increased an a function of temperature and
became constant av 11006C; hmm-ver, at USOaC the macro- and w4cr*4truotures were more
uniform. Fftvite famed for sixtures A and #2, while pearlito t comenti-te develop-
ed for the otherse For #7 a liquid Cu-Ni solution famed during sintering, giving a
compact*peralitic structure with a thin network of cementite. After homogenizing for.
2 hrs at GOOOC the cementite network dissolved. Maximum hardness was obtained after
sintering at 115010C. Nixtum 03 had the bighest hardness at 87 %, Tlj-- shriz*age
after sintoring far 2 his at USOOC was given for each mixture. Mixtures 050 06,
and 07 had the largest volume changes--4, 5, and Gkivapectively. The samples weft
water quenched fresi $00, 8260 and 6500C and tempered for 2 hrs at 1900C. Mcrostruc-
tures and mechanical properties of the beat treated sawplos *ioved that every mix-
ture had an cpTimum.quenching temperature. No hardness differences wer* observed be-
tween 1 and A graphite. Quenching increased the beading strength, but decreased
the impact resistance. The impact resistance# compressive aid bending strength dit-
creased after the carbon content increased from 1 to 3%. It.was concluded that Cu
and Ki increased the mechanical properties of iron-baso powder met&Uurgy materials.
Orig. art. has: 3 figures, 2 tables.
SO CODE: II/ SUBM'DATEr - none,
card - 2/2 '

rMwKCvj, Soso
'W~X"460 ~,- w
Abra.9f sistance or tool ateel under the effect of repeat-3d
shock loading in liquid media conditions. TrWy LPT no.234:83-
88 164. (.vJRA 17M)

YM4A,%COV, S-S-
Powder friction material for computer ccupUng d"oks. Trudy
LPI no. 251r82-86 165 (141RA 19a)

83276
5/109/60/005/009/026/026
AUTHORSt Dondarinko, B. V. , Yermak2jA..jA&- and TAarey, - B. M.
TITLAs Th*rnionic FroP*KLL4+f Alkali-Zarth metal,
Tantalates
PBRIODICALt Radiotekhnika i elektronika, 1960, Vol.5, No.9,
pp. 1553-1555
TEXTs This in a continuation of earlier work (Ref.1) in which
basic barium tantalate was found to have higher emission properties
than barium tungstate. A table of the 22 compounds studied in
given on P-1555. It is found that basic barium tantalate has
higher emissivity than basic barium tungstate but is less stable
thermally. Its limiting temperature is therefore 1500 aK, as
compar*d with 1700 to 18006K for the latter compound. There are
3 figur9o, 2 tablos and 3 Soviet referencen,
SUBMITTBD.4 April 1, 1960
Card 1/1

S/109/6,1/006/010/026/027
D201/D3*
AUTHORS: Bondarenkop B.V.p Yermakovp S.V.p and Tbarevp B.M.
TITLEt Thermo-electric properties of barium hafnates and
perrhenatee
PERIODICAL: Radiotekhnika i elektronika, v. 6, no. 10, 1961p
1773 - 1775
TEXT: In conjunction with the results of study of thermo-electric
properties of barium tantalates by B.V. Bondarenkog Ye.P. Ostap-
chenkoq~and B*M. Ts*V# (Ref. lt Eadiotekibika i elektronika,
19609 59 8t 1246) which were shown to be sMghtly belper than Those
of barium tungstanate# the authors give the results Wf their de-
terminog thermo-electric properties of barium hafnates of type
l(BaO)n (Hf02)/ with n : m = 2 : 1; 3 : 1; 5 1; 7 and of ba-
rium perrhenates (BaO)n (Re207)z with n : m 1 21 1; 3 : 1;
5 g 1; 7 : 12 The study of barium hafnates and rhenates with diffe-
rent content of barium oxide was required to d#termine the influen-
ce of barium oxide on the thermoelectric properties of complex oxi
Card 1/3 4/

29
By]'9 61/006/010/026/017
Thermo-electrio properties of D201YD302
des and to find the composition of oxides which would be stable in
vacuum at operating temperatures. A tungsten tape# cleaned by heat-
ing in vacuop was used as the bases The temperature-was being de-
termined by a tungsten iridium thermo-couple. The process of acti-
vation of cathode consisted of prolonged heating with the outflow
of emission currentq starting with the temperature corresponding
to a low emission 10-8 - 10-7 ampere2 and ending at the temperaiure
beyon,% which the emission started to fall due to the increases v,..)rk
functionepo After the activation has been finisheds the emission
was measured within a wide range of temperatures after increae-Jag
it and decreasing until a stable and reproducible emission current
was obtained. All analyzed substances had a minimum of the work
function, corresponding to that of a simple model of an n-type se-
miconductor. The thermoelectric properties of barium hafnates ard
rhpates as obtained in the experiment are given in tabulated 'L,---m.
The results obtained show that an compared with those of tungsiena-
tee and even tantelates of bariump the rhenateep and in particular
hafnates of barium have somewhat better emission properties. It Is
stated in conclusiong howevert that until the above substances c,tAl/
Card 2/3

Thermo-electric properties of ...
be recommended for use in thermal
tigations into their evaporating
have to be carried out. There are
bloc reference*
SUBMITTEDs June 15p 1960
29327
8/10 61/006/010/026/027
D20IS302
emission cathodes# further inves-
and thermal stability properties
1 tablej 2 figures and 1 Soviet-
0/
Card 3/3

~AUTHORS:
TITLE:
41a98
5/109/62/007/012/020/021
D271/D308
Bondarenko, B. V. and Yermako:v, S. V.
Thermionic properties of carbides.of metals belonging
to groups IV and V
Radiotekhnika i elektronikag v. 7, no. 129 1962,
2099-2101
TEXT: Measurements of thermionic emission of some metal carbides
are reported. Experimental diodes had cathodes of W tape with a
thin film of investigated carbide on one aide,and a thermocouple
on the other side, and Ta anodes. The effective work function was
determined from measured values of temperature and emission cur-
rent density. A linear dependence of work function on temperature
was found in the temperature range investigated. The following va-
-lues of the work function + S-TT eV are tabulated: TiCs
-4 TE0 -4
.3.46 + 2.10 T (1300 1150 K) and'3.6 + 1.10 T (1750 - 220001K),
'Card 1/2

&;/109/62/007/012/020/021
'Thermionic properties of ... D271/D308
ZrC: 3.24 + 2.10-4 T9 HfC: 3.42 + 1.75-10-4 T9 VC: 3.85, practically
invariable in the range of 1300 - 2100 0Kv NbC: 4.1 - 2.5-10- 4 T,
TaC: 3.98 - 1.5.10-4 T. Work function values at 3000K, 1400 0K and
20000K are also tabulated, as well as the carrier concentration at
20000K. The sign of the temperature coefficient of the work func-
tion depends on the character of doping ceniera; donor in metal
carbides of IV group and acceptor in V group, Zr and Nb carbides
are the most pro'~ising for use in thermionic cathodes. Current den-
sity of 3.6 A/cm was obtained for NbC at 20000K. There are 3 fi-
gures and 2 tables.
SbINITTED:
May 25, 1962
,Card 2/2

-44199
5/109/62/007/012/021/021
M71/D308
'AUTHOR3: Yermakov, S. V. and Toarev, Be Me
iTITLE% Thermionic emisoion..Qf silio-ides of metals belonging
to transitional groups of-the periodic system of elem-
ents
PERIODICAL: Radlotekhnika i elektronika, v. 7. no. 12, 19629
2102-2104
TEXT; Measurements of thermionic emission of disilicides of 8 me-
tals are reported and discussed. Silicides were placed on a W-tapeq
occupying a predetermined section, and a thermocouple was.welded to
the 'other side of the tape, The value of effective work function
~was determined from measurements of temperaturle and current denoity.
d
The following values of d in eV are tabulated: ReSIL2 -
d
-4.02 - 2.67,10-4 E 4
T (1200 19000K), WSJ 2 4.04 - 4.67*10-4
2 T (1200
TaSi 4.42 - 3.8-10-4
T (1400 - 1906'K),,:MoSi 4.02 -
2, 2
Card 1/2

S/109/62/007/012/02'1/021
Thermionic emission o4 D271/D308
.10.10-4 T (1100'- 18000K), NbSi t 4.34 - 5.25-10-4
5 2 T (1300 - 1700*
K)q ZeS12: 3.95 - 5.10-10-4 T (1200 - 19000K)q Ys12t 3.26 - 7.5.10-5
T (1100 - 16000K), Cr3i 3.49 - 5.8-10-5 (1200 - 14000K), Cr Si:
2.35 + 6-33-10-4 T (1100 1400'K), CrSi : 3.78 - 1.2.10-4 3
2 T (1200
14500K). Values of'the work function at 300 and 1400 K are also gi-
.,,ven. Some silicideB have displayed a fairly strong activation at
. the beginning of temperature proceseq but the work function notice-
~-ably rises above a certain temperatureq up to the limit of the tem-
perature range. Hb silicides have shown activation In the entire
ravage studied. V, Ta, Cr silicides remained in the state of stabi-.
lized activity. Formation of 310 film which evaporates at higher
2
temperatures is suggested as an explanation of-the observed varia-
~tions of activity. There are 2 fig4res.
.Card 2/2

-7.-
AP4009992
ACCESMON MR.
AUTHOR: Ternakow 41.1-1.
TITLZ: Thermionic emission of thuliwn henaboride
SOURCZ: Radiotakhmika I elektromika. Y. 9o no. 1, 1964, 180-ISI
TOPIC TAGS: electron ernission, tbarmionic andosim, tbodium. hexaboride,
therumcathode, thulium hexaboride endsmion.
ABSTRACT: As no data on the therndonic endasion of TwD6 was known te. the
author. this substance was tested for thermienic iinflssion* Measurevients were
made both In sealed tubes (at 10-1 torr or better) &M in a vacuum device with
continuous exhau*.-ton (at 10-r torr). Zkparimental'dats. on the effective work
function. at A6 acnC-1 degreo-A , &nd current density.for & W tape coated
with TMB6. &ad for c saps pro-cobled *" MV-~u. Qey at *Uh T&Gt for
tenveratures, 10100,01. Mx, are b&WWWd. :3k Wes fetod! *~" TaNd h" a
cmd 112

LAIMININ
sill. -L

L L,6976=�7 F-WT(.l)/EMP(e)/EWT(m)/EOIP(w)/EWP(l) ETJJ~111P(k JP(C JDIJGIAT
1)
0439, 1 t
:ACC HR: AM16361 SOURCE CODE: Ulp 1), b440
AUNOR: Twx&Mvg S, V.; Tearev, B. M.
17
IORG: none
I i
t/
ITITLE: Thermdonic esdasioo-of uranium dodecaboride
!SOURCE: AtowWa wargiyap v. 2D, no. 5P 1966, 439-440
;TOPIC TAGS: uraniwm compound,tungsten, thernionic emission, work function
A13STRACT: The thormiordo emission of uranium dodeca)tarldeiias measured by a pro-
described earlier (Radiotekhnika I eloktronika v. 7P 2099. 3.9622). The sub-
:strate was a tungsten ribbon, on which.a thin layer (30 -- 50 ) of a dense sus-
wpension of U 12 powder in metal alcohol was deposited. As in the case of hoxaboride
~of rare earth motqlsp UB12 reacts with the tungsteno causing the latter to curl,
and causing mot, -,Io uranium to be depoaited on the walls of the bulb. The work
,function was determined from the measurod values of tho temporature and current
~density and is found to satisfy the equation 2.89 + 2.3 x 10-4 T. Deviations from a':
'linear dependence# towards lower values of the work function, are observed at 1500
1900 K and are Probably due to the start of noticeablo rosotion betwoen UB12 and
Card 2/2, UDC:..621-03~-27~1546-791,-t.346-271

L 06 776-67
ACC NR: AP60183a
itho tungsten. The regign above 1900 Ic could not be investigated because the limit
;;Of the anode cumnt was reached. Attcmpts to cover the UB12 MM With irldi
Aer were also unsuccessful. Comparison with the data on UB4 and TJB~2 in e t
f~the deviation from linearity at high temporaturos-can be attributed to gradual
Arannformation of UB12 Into UB4 and then 'UB2. The authors tbank Yu. B. Paderno
iand G. V. Samson for supplying the sample of uranium dedecaborlde. Orig. art, has',
2 tj~ije o - band Iro -rw a a.
So% CODE: ia, SUBM.DATE: OlOct63/
OTH REF: 001
card 212

~- YW4AKOVv T&Oo
lloctrifl"tion of the FAst Siberian line. ZhelAorotraoop.
43 noo3:32-17 Mr 161o (141RA 14:3)
L Nachallnlk Vostoobno-Sibirokoy dorogly g. Irkutsk.
(Siborlagpat-Railroada--Eleotrification)

UsM/soll Science - Tillage- Aualioration. Erosion. i
Abe jour : Ref Zhur Diol., No l,, 1959P 1410
Author : Yermakov, V. -
4,3;1~
lust
Title : TreatrAnt of Alkaline Soils in Xurganskaym Oblast'
Orig Pub : S. khe Sibiri, 1958.s 110 1, 19-23
Abstract : No abstracti
Card 1/1

TMIAl". T.
S"mtorv which functlon withowt 'fallurs. Kast v4lo 3 no.6:22
Js 034. (MM ?:?)
1. Sadwasnik ugleabogatitellsay fobriki sh"ty No. 29 kombinata.
(coal minim machinery)

UMAW V
:k. Improving the safety valve. Avto transpo 39 no.5:51 My 161.
(Air brakes) (MBA .14:5)

Device for disman;Uing bearings. Avotmampe 40 no*7.-52 JI
162, (mm 15:8)
(Garaps-Equipment ad #Wplios)

V . ZVAROV,&,, T.;
DRUIN 9 V.; TvxAVv-l- u
BARANGVAV Ce; ihilibry-S.; SU iHul;-=
IGUMIVANEXI m.; m=l Ya.;
Esu llung~--kueil 238 22 i0mov
W56 thmugb irradiation of U .W'tb V156
[productiOR Of ~aj proportion) poluchemie Hd Pri
study of Some-0 its Obe4
obluchOuil U231, jou"i No j ijuabonia, ago n*kotorYkb kbimi- 1762.
,jV. Dubuav Wedilfte=Yi iu-t i"O"Wk" '001"'
ohaskikh evoiB (MIRA 1511)
13. pe (qrwdum) 0160A)
(M.ndelevivm)

YERMAX(YV, V.,, podpolkovnik
Rates of crossing can be increased. Tekh, i voc;,ruzb. rLo.3.52-53
Mr 064, (MIFa 17:8)

nE4ANDV p V.
Heator operating with various ftels, Pozb.delo 7 no#12:15 D
161. . (mm 14m)
1. Nachallnik pozharno-is 11noy stanteii., Nmenoyarsk.
(St-W44716te

KULIKOVp Do; VURKAKM Ve
'-.,
Use of tanks in fire extinction. Pozbodelo 9 no.10:18-19 0 163,
(MM 16:12)

BLWOVA'k H.; BRANDSHTHTR, I.; DRUIN,, V#; Y&RWOV, V4; ZVAIIOVIq To;
KMVANBKp M. (Krzywimak, M.); MALYO Ya-.THily, J.); -POLIKANOV, S.;
SU HUNG-Km
&-athemis of 256 Md as & result Of irradiating 230 u with
,12 Me ions and research on som of its chwdcal properties.
ftlemika 7 no.7/6465-471 162.
1 Ob"yedinennyy institut yaderAykh isslsdolraniy~ Dubna, Laborateriya
;;ZrmyM roaktaly.

L 7868-66
kc- CODES,
AUTHOR: 'r Ve (Colonel; klilt=7 p114 firstal"s; 0 attiedixuate air
mili so ances, a P. (Sa6two t Uoutenant 4*1o
ORG.- none
14
TITIE: Search for targets of opporbadty
SOUIM Aviatsiya i kosmonavtika, no. 7, 1965.:24-28
TOPIC TAGSt target recognition, &ir force tactic, ria mi4mame# boxbino
06 " :b4qd
tactic, target discrimdmt1cn,, target acquisition, oteZttlo~'*~'; lity
e dquilied in
ABSTRWTt In an article based on tactical training expirtenc~#
aviation units, two military experts discuss sweep and! destrpjt tech-
i niques. A search for targets of opportut,lity may be ei I.'C:ut(jf$ dither by
a linear or by a grid sweep mamu'ver, as necessitatz
.~4y thie tactical
situation. The two-iseater aircraft Is erior to the Ingle40eat aircrdt
slip
in this application since it has an increased search a miarge oior-
i lap zone (see Fig. On With the use of a Pdr ot t alluvIt (see Mg. 2).
Card L4

eta 9t
A
ef
h
h
Le*d p:dl ch
lilot
sector re
Z i6
lit IV view.
at 5
q4arc4
US
2
Search corridor
LS;
*in .3LQ tvo-,seater
Of
aircraft
search .
sector
gone
9
j; !Olp:c red
b :f 18
search corridOtl[
%arch.0~1cridpr
Fig. f tw
of a pair a

ACC. Nits
the tonditlohof6ir'co'nductinga,peskidiax*e,s-UUni.orefavo~16>le, ,mince
near the secondary-overlap sector there appiirs'4'tekl~4~`~6ve
sector. This occurs as a result of the au~ejrp~osltlloin u'poit" 41~ch dth;er of
ithe-. search sectors of the d the fo)l"ing aircrait*ad the zones
leading an
-the vAW tore,
J
Is tbd jnip- 'e' c'
The area W46 mu ted'
~troy
a target may be determined by the formula
where T is the time plotted from the moment the ta t
t =deteated to
the moment the bomber reaches this area, and V eed ~requlred
for the target to cover the distance, assuming that immedtately, after the
0
target's detection It enters into sector ca j
The probability P of a single crew detetting a ts~ Irget 6:lan w " de -
termined by the formula
P- I
I card

ACC NNS
where S is the area searched by the crew, hl' it; the:'tar t: denlilly per
0 fbio rats
area, K. is the target -camouflage Coefficient
owhich contrast with the landscaPe', and K. I for a t~arg4lvvhlc j m-
;not be distinguished from the landscape). If :it crews ar 'd adu hig the
search, each of which is observing the area,S, and the 'a not:
0
overlap, the probability of detecting a aft1gle target can 6xprqmsed
by
To Insure the effectiveness of the search, an optiznil!~oearoh area
per aircraft must be assigned. This can be determined ;r~%Dm t~elnomo-'
gram in Fig. 3, using
ab
number of i0tiair'craft
where N is the number of targets, Nb is the . I I I I I I
guided-missile batteries, a & b are the dixncnsion~i of the ope!.rationai
theater (frontal and in depth), and W is the: hit probO1UX'3!r'- Orlg- "-t. hast
6 figures. CAM Press, _413847
SO COW s 15.. 17 suBm D=t nmw
card

Works on Approximate Ana2ysie
SOV/221T
Nikoloreva,, G. A. (DWO#Aed) On the- Approximte Construction of a
Conformal Nq0" %F fte YAthoa Of conmMulits Ttionametriq Serl" 236
In VANW1 0. A. Nikolayev&
Streshnemp T. A. ftfflementary Tables for the Bolutioa of ftisson
Zvotlons, by the Method of ftftwtlft to Ordinary Dttf*Mtlsl ZfWjons
a66
for Polygonal Fleglons 267
Krylov#,Va lop Me An Fillipump M. F. Frolova. CompatinS,tho Indefinite
Integral With * ft*U Nmber of Values of the Integrable 7=eti*n 283
Chernin,, K, Ye, Solution of Ons Axially Symmetric Problem by the Direct
mathod. 302
Cheraln., Ka To, Conformal Mapping of Regions., Composed of Reatengles,
on to the Unit Circle .1~~ 307
9hWdMvm,, T. A. Qiedrature ftrmlas With the lowest Estimate of the
Remainder for Certain Classes of Functions 313
Card 4/5

Works an Approximate Awaytis 807/2217
Yaryshava, 1. M. 71nite Difference Yothads of Solving Oftns*ls Prdbldw 342
nlIns V. P. On Iftboddlue Theoraw 359
FaddeMp be Ke On the Coafttlen of NAftees 387
ATAIIANXt Ubrury of Congress
IX/Mg
Card 5/5 n-10-59

86022
3/052/60/005/G04/007/007
0 Ill/ C 333
IUTHORIs Yermakovp S. M., Zolotukhin, V. 0,
TITLEt Polynomial ApproximationsPand the Monte-Carlo-hiethod'
PERIODICALs Teoriya veroyatnostey i y9ye primeneniye, 1960, Vol. 5,
No. 4, pp. 473-476
TEXTs The authors propose an improved Monte-Oarlo method for
calculating multiple integralsfJThe improve-'ient is carried out by
reducing the dispersion, whereby the mean quadratic error is re-
duced for its part.
Let D be the domain of the k-climensional Euclidean space;
f(Q) E L2 (PI(q)v 2 where
LD
(f (q) q~i(Q) dQ 0 for i i 091,21#...t n
D 1 for i j 1 091,21...., n
The linear combinations of the ~ i(q) form the subspace
L2D,n+l C L D2. If the determinant Wn+l(QO# QIP --- on)
Card 1/ 3

S/C 5; 216010051G041'(')r, 7/00 7
C Ill/ 0 333
Polynomial Approximations and the Monte-Carlo Method
det Q(FO(Qi), (~j)' - - -, 11 " is dif ferent from 0, then
0
it holds the approximation formula
(2) ~ f(Q) To( Q) dQtw, det Jf(Q), '0'
wj.,.,(~ ,
d n+ 0
If f(Q) C- L 2 then the remaining term is equal to zero.
Dv n+1
Theorem It If Q 0, Q19 ... I Qn are random points of the k-dimensional
Euclidean space, the probability density of which F (Qop Q19"" Od
is equal t 1 W 2 (Q , Q then the mathematical
0 - Tn' 7 17 T n+1 o I
expectation of the random variables
n
(Q09 Q, Qn) dot 11 f (Qd (Qi) Tn 0
Wn+l (Q'9 QU)
Card 2/3

16022
S10521601005100410071007
C ill/ C 333
Polynomial Approximations and the Monte-Carlo Method
A (Q) d Q
is equal to I P(Q) To ~
Theorem 2z The dispersion of the random-magnitude e(QOIQJI-..,%) is
2 ~f2 n 2
D (Q)dq - 7 0( 1 1 Where
1 0
f (Q) Ti(Q) d Q p i - Op Ip 2p ... # n
The application of the improved method-based on these theoxems is
especially favorable, if the Fourier series Of f(Q) with respect to
the system Jcfil converges quickly to f(Q) in the mean.
The authors thank G. J. Marchuk and J. M. Soboll.
There are 3 referencess 1 Soviet, I English and 1 Americant
SUBMITTEDs JulY 14, 1959
Card 3/3

33002
5/64lj6l/000/000/029/033
6. B102/B138
AUTHORS; Yermakovi S. It., Kolesov, V. Ye., Marchuk, G. I.
4==_~
TITLE: A numerical method for solving the SchrUinger equation with
a blurred potential
SOURCE: Krupchitskiy, P. A., ed. Heytronnaya fizikaj abornik statey.
Moscow, 1961, 314.- 323
TEXT: If aquare-well potential or oscillator potential are assumed in
shell-model calculations, the problems can be solved analytically. The
results, however, will be in worse agreement with experiment than for
blurred potentials. A method is described for calculating both the
nuclear energy levels and the cross sections. The potential V(r) can be Ix
any shapep and have a zero singularity. In scattering problems It may be
complex. In the usual way the boundary-value problom
d2m (r)
p- + B (r) u (t) Xtu (r),
U(0)-0' U.
Card 1/6

33002
3/64 61/000/000/029/033
A numerical method for solving... D102YB138
is assumed to have a non-vanishing solution, and
11
As I OU W 1+
B (r) U (r) i - V -4-7 C-2 7 - Fr (2)
2m 21n
U (r) V (r), 7X I E E < 0.
For r-i-, B(r)--iO. For r--,>-p the solution of E'q. (1) diminishes
exponentially and at r - H, du(r) RUM. So from (1) the system of
a-r V/
linear algabraic equations
(Bjh2 2 - xW) tit + U2 = 0; 1); (4)
uj_j + (B110 - 2 -- X210) U, + U,.I 0 (1 - 2,
2u. _t + (B.101 - 2 - x2h, - 2xh) u. = 0..
in obtained, where h ' H/n. x in chosen so that the determinant of this
system will vanish. On - 0). Dn can be calculated with a recurrent
formula:Di+1 , 'n-iDi - D,_1 (i - 1,2...n-1)
Card 2/6

1,11PI ILA IIJ13MI vc I ~I'i
33002
S/641/61/000/000/029/033
A numerical method for solving... B102/B136
Do 0 2, D I On - 2xh; Gi 0 Bi h2 2 -'x2h2, (i - 1,2..'.n). Dn-j ic tile
sub-determinant when Pe first j rows and columns are deleted. The purely
mathematical peculiazqtieu of this method Are discusted and, as an example,
the greatest root of x is calculated numerically-for
146.11717 2/r2 for r4 1
B(r) -1 This holds for a aquare-well potential
2
2/r for r> 1.
and a nucleus with A-,240 and 1 1. Then the metbod is applied for
calculating neutron scattering cross sections... The Schr;Sdinger equation
for the radial part of the neutron wave function is written as
dlu- (r)
+ a (r) U (r) u (r),
rk
z"
U(r)- V( k E, E > Or.
the potential V(r) may contain a spin-orbit term. For r H9 IV(H), < Fj for
V(r) --o-0. With the conditions u(O) 0 and
Card 3/6

LIF-D-M ME "111
33002
B16411611000100010291033
A numerical method for solving... B102/BI~O
A01) the problem is reduced to the boundary problem
r-H
i(S,h'-2)u,+ug-O,'
aj_j.+(Sjh-2)uj+uj#j=O (1=2,3p ... Ill- I)#
2u.-1 + (S'h' - 2 + 2h%) u,, - 0.
10+0
S (r) R, U (r)..
and the determinant &n 0 is found by using the above recurrent formula:
Ai = "0 a (i 2,3-..h-1); 60 LS n (J1)
1. 1-1 6i-2 I
2.
If V(r) is complex, S,(r) S(')(r) + is(2)(r), X - A I + ii2' 1~ - P + 'Q
and w - p + iq.
Card 416
Vr

33002
A numerical method for solving... 916411611000100010291033
B102/IJ13n
P, Pipw - Pi-I -
Q, PA-1 - Q,_s + q1P
P, (17)
1'p 0 Q,
Pi SN2 - 2t q, Sjoho
2. 3, n
2h [2r -tp'~'+Q' Q
ZA_ ~'W_
I
Pa.1
Pft_1Qn_,_
2
A-6 Q lp
n- + fts-
q"
results. If AO w0 and Ai G3 0 2, and the pote
0 ntial ill real,
pop " P1 = PA - qoql 21
=~~Poqj + qp, (I 8a)
Card 516

33,002
B/641161/0-00/000/029/033
A numerical method for solving... 73102/BI30
if it is a I.ex, wo = S h2 _2 - 2hnt p P)h 2 2 - 2hn 19
omp 0
S(2 )h 2 _2hit , n - nj + ilt A numer example is calculated for
qo 0 2 2' :Oa?
a Woods-Saxon potential and compared with experimental data. There are
4 figures, 3 tables, and 13 referenceag 6 Soviet and 7 non-Soviet. The
four most recent*references to Engliah-language publications read as
follows: D. J. Hughes, R. B. Schwartz, Neutron C,rose Sections. B. N. L.
N. Y. 1956; H. C. Bolton, H. I. Scoins. Proc. Camb. Phil. boc. 52, 215
(1956)1.M. Walt, H. H. Barachall Phys Rev. 21, 1062 (1954); J. R.
Beyster et-al. Phys. Rev.,1041 1;19 (1~56).
Card 616

YERWOV., S.M.
Exact evaluation of the remainders of formilms of wcb&nical.
cubage and multidimensional interpolation* Dok1sAN EWR 6
no.2i73-76 F 162. (141M 15:2)
1. Predstavleno akademikom AN BSSR V.I.Krylovym.
(Functional analysis)

YERKMVP S.M.; ZOLOTUKHIN, V.G.; FETROV,, E.Ye.
Calculating the passage of neutrons throvgh a plane polyethylene
layer. Atom. energ. 15 no.3:253-255 S 1630 (PURA 16:10)
(Neutronn-Capture) (Shielding (RadUation))

"!"V
YEIMUOV..- S..M,-(Mwxva)
r ~
Interpolation over random point&*- Zhur.vychm;*..i mat.fis. 3
no.1*186-190 J&.F 163. (MIRA 16 s 2)
(Interpolation) (ProbalA~jities)

5
ACCZSSJON NR.- AUilmo 8/00 00o/ovi/0161.
00/63/GW
AUTHORs Zololdthin, 7. G.; Zaoxalm 8. M..
22TLZ: Applicadoe of do Mods Carlo mediod to the computation of Dualtar radiation
ddddbg
8=CZ V resy new sasbcbile resmovewl, *sr#A dhft opet"008 In ftdof *I
-161
roador #bidding; wHeadon of articles). Me wo i g Gonladow, i9"# 171
TOPIC TAGS: nuclear reactor, reactor sidelding, radiation iWelding, Monte Carlo
4.
nw1hod, radiation trander, scaftring, neutron propagation, quadratm formula
ABSTRACT: Mw article contains a brief summary of Uw fundamental technfitues for
Increasing the statistical efficiency of the Monte Carlo methoti with reepect to problems
of radiation treader. The most important of the techniqLtes discussed In the article he"
bow prov on the bags of a large number of concreft problems. 7`he author nolas, by j
~.way ce introdaction, that cowdderable matlismalical'difficulties an eacounter6d while
the kinstio equation with consideration of the enerv dependenoo of the cross sections
the anisoftopy of the am of scattering AM dw finite gometry. Because of this fee
tv
in RWAV am" *9 MCI" Corio meewd Provides the OWLY moo" of solving the problem.
4
1qL ii!
WaL L
Mll

ACCMION NR: AT4019045
The application of thin method to problem@ involving the passage of neutrons andgamma
quanta through a substance is possible due to the absence of any Interrelation between the
particles In real beams. The difficulties that arise In connectim with the use of the Monte
Carlo method are concerned primarily with the determination of small probabilities. In
problems connected with the passage of radiation through a substance, the smallness of
the probability p may be occasioned by the absorption of the particles, their leakage from
the medium, energy losses as the result of slowing, etc. It Is pointed out that the Neuman
series for the solution of the kJnetic equation reduces the radiation transfer problem to
the computation of mgltiple Intervals, while the Monte Carlo method itself ponsists
essentially in the calculation of the terms of a Neuman series which dxe the multiple
intervals. Thia use of non-random points, in the opinion of the authors, Implies a repudiation
of the probabilities of the Monte Carlo scheme, eliminating the possibility of a practical
evaluation of the accuracy of the results. In those cases In which Interest attaches to a
particular functional of the kinetic equation solution, the methods which are described
In this article for increasing the statIBUcal effectiveness of the method normally provide an
accuracy quite satisfacory for practical purposes with a number of bligtories ranging from
2/4
card.

Ac
ACCESSION NR: AT40190116
103 to 104. The authors describe the method of conditional probabilities (in An~erican
technical literature this method Is known as the method of analyUcal averaging). It.is
noted that different modifications of this m are possible, all beimg based on the
9thod
Introduction of the transitional probability K(x -Vx), connected with K(z -v x) by the formula
XI)
__(x
K(X
K (x
where (D) is the region of space T in which the function 0 (x) assumes the greatest valueq.
The semL-anslytical Monte Carlo medwd Ito briefly discussed. This method is based an
the use of analytical solutions (provided such are possible) for certain ramificatl6na of
the basic straying process. The essential idea of the "control variable method" to ex-
plained., This technique Is sometimes also called the "correlation sampling method".
The point to made that the chief difficulty In the use of this method consists In finding
random values itical expectancies
t , of high correlation with the mathemr 'A
of which are kaWW We%ethod of local stream ckJdation is discussed and examples i
of its use are given. 7We use of quadrature formulas with random nodes to analyzed, and
i - general methods for reducing the
t Is noied that the further development of fita dispersion,
based on the construction of Interpolation-quadrature formulas, permits the formulation of
3/4

iFilfimilinnm IN I I is I a I pin 11PIR HEIM ONE
ACCEMON NR: AT4019045
quadrature evressions with random nodes of higb accuracy,-Wbich we very vadul for
practical applications. . A final section of the article dads with problem-molving Virough
-speeid electronic computers. Orig. arL Mau 19 formsd".
the use of high
ABSOCIAMON: none
ZNCL,. 0
Ov,
WB CODW NO RZY 0
T
C r 4/4

MIKHAYLUS, F. F. ; ZOLOTUKHM, V. G. , M. ~
"Solution methods of transport equation in inhomogeneou;s and finite media."
report submitted for 3rd Intl Conf, Peaceful Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva,
31 Aug-9 SeD 64.

. . . ........... .
ACCESSION NRt AP4037259 S/02O0/64/0O4/OO3/O55R/0VA
AVMORs Termakoyl So Me (Moscow)
TITLEs Random qua&ratures of raised accuraW
SOURCEs Zhurnal Wohislitallnoy, matematiki I matematiaheakoy fisikit To 41 no* 3v
1964P 550-554
'TOPIC TAGSt random quadraturep Xonte Carlos spherical singularityp mechanical
, quadraturv, random nodes iteration quadrpture formulas Gaussian quadraturep Fourier
coefficient
ABSTRACTs The author studies quadraturs formulas (with random nodes) of raised
'accuracy vh1ch are, In a sense# analogs of Gaussian quadratur6s. go computes the
mean and the dispersion for the corresponding quadrature sum for inference on the
size of the error of the constructed quadrature formula,&. Orig. art. hass a
formulas.
;ASSOCIATIOWs none
I 29Jun63 DATZ ACQs OqJvn64 ENCL s 00
SUN CODSs Mi 10 REP Offs 002 1 002,
Card

BUBLIK, Yu.I.;._YERMAKOV,_, S.M.; YEFIMENKO, B.A.; ZOLOTHRIN, V.G.; PETROV, E.Tm.
Gamma-ray dose from a unidirectional source near -the anil-air Interfact.
Atom. energ. 18 no.6t628-629 Je f65. (MA 180)

L 6469-66 gn(m)l'
'PF(n)-2/W(M)
PF C vt
'ACCESSION NH: J~W
)OIXT
VON
.]u
39 0,039. IM
5
MUM jermal
~qrp
TITLE: Concerning the passage of 7 qjanta through Ah!j1dU
WWE.- Atomnaya energlyal, v. 190 no. 19 1965o 71-73
TOPIC TAGS: reactor shielding, waterj, leadj#.~Garm rvAleitfo~n~ Gajmk nedttering
ABSTRACT: The authors describe, an eftect connected vith ~e pa-1111ase of 7 quanta
through a fUt shield consistini c)k'tva components, a pril~~37 IAL',jar of wator and a
secondary layer of lead. The offoot con'slots. In Us fa4t~ jilholt 4,1 the ease, vhen
bard gana s are incident an the shield at lar'ae toll.bje normal. .1JJrQ4:-
, I ?
tion, an increase in the thickness of the water may leadtils on 14wreame in the
intensity of radiation transmitted throuSh the shield,. %%qt rea,tioiis for the phe..
nomenon are briefly explained. The effect vas observed ijui-Ing thit course or an
analysis of Monte Carlo calculations of the:-passlge of 7~21 I rs 04rixiah multilayer
shielding barriers; In wbich account was:tak6n:6k W i'' iM and aboorp-
cat .1-T
tion due to the phatoeffect and to pmIr produation. 'Them d1cuUtions were inade
for a mult1directional, soncenergetia radiation sourceo ija effball; takes place at
angles exceedins 820 and energies aboye 0 Kovo The wr Un cit the mdlatlon
characteristic -with the thicknens-of-the, vater JVer is i.iaMfi d1saussedo "The

-----------
11 hW:-,.j Jill.
ACC HWt APDOZE53V tFR/0089/6 aig/4 On/0179/01.80.
AUTHOR: GrQmovo Be v; TOrmgjkoVJJ, A.-Z; HAzarnijult& 01-I&A re..
A301odyankin.' M. A*
,VITLE, Angular and energy distribution of 11adiation t In 113
MM-Ma
13urfa;e or a iolume source
SOURCS: Atomnaya energiya, v. 19, noo' 2t.196DO pp-ls()
TOPIO TAGS: nuclear reactoro gamma re'diationo nllid4ear"Iphysicq apparatuis
ABSTRACT: Many layers of Material area Usually TIIA64d 4~n Ilueleav reic-
tors between the reactive core itneir and the okitdirle 4"rfuco of the
uhield. Therefore; various attenuation processes 1wast.b() taken Into
account in calculations of biological shieldirtg.~ !Uhe -authors itivesti-
Epated the angular and energy distribution of (!,ammal radlation on the out-
tilde surface of the reactor, The results of their rei-larob are given
for two cases. In one case, the reactor vessel w 'ab pricitected in water
by a boron shield while in the other case no boron ahillldine, was
)rovided. The Monte Carlo method was used for on aintions by means of
Ail
1-20 electronic computing machine. Itlivas assume 't1int the gaituna rays
for@ generated at the initial energy levels of 2,1~5 40~ b', 6 and 7 Lleva
~,.CCIM 1/2

L 6-66
-iC-CNRi 0
The greatest statistical error after 12,600.tests viej~"rj~ le1ja then 25% for
angular and 20% for energy distributions& The distObu4iona applied to
v
two above mentioned canes and seven energy .10 Ols Wbre jllustrntod by
two sets of histograms, Tho attanuatiola of 7 Mov nma 1,ru.jettiolij
lead shields was also analyzed, The re6lilto of th 0 andlyBis erproijdad
in; dose rates were tabulated and graphleally illfaat~ateid,,
ASSOCIATIONt None
Mr65
SUMaTTED.- BHCM Sim COE., NP
NO R3PS071 000 OMRI 006
COIJ. lax
.0

L rx)065-66
AMSSION MR: AP5021324 ()029
Makarov A,.. I celll!~V' Yu. G.,
AUTHOR: Te 1 akov, V. A.; Y e Lti~!hqy
I - ShembeIrl
.-Krasnovskiy, V. Bo K.
TITLE: The use of accelerating field fovasing in thf~~ braj;~Painj,,' part of a linear
ion accel rator
SOURCE: Pribory i tekhnika eksperimenta, no. 4, 1965, 26~49
1~acceibrator component
TOPIC TAGS: MEV accelerator, ion beam focusing, particle
ABSTRACT: The beginning part of an accelerator.(b.p.a.): S distinguished by large;
relative velocity increments within the gaps of:tbe acceliratiiiIj system, The
existing theory of accelerating field focusing is applich ile t,.0 accelerators with
i small velocity increments only (1-27.) and describes onlvi "rly! th(, ion motion
W L" I s o
ith the b.p.a., Such a focusing ~(aql, Xelsteld; only elep.. r'o t i n'd f 4 7 MEV
proton linear accelerators and the piesent,#'uthiors testieOlthe 4il~,ce~.eratin$ Iield i
focusing in a b.p.a. with velocity inkremen~s of 5-15% Md an ~tnjection onergy
Le de' cribes the instru-',
of 50 kEV with an operative wavelength of 5~m. This arti4 P
ment and by comparing the proton spectra atAts exit. (dr;L t tub4s with a 1.1bannal
l/ 2 --------
M111 .19F,1-11 t 0,11 "M a i 1q. M. MWIMM, qw., F, P! M ff.. ON W,

11IMMWEN ~~

L 06293-67
EWT(m)/EWP(t)/ETI UP (c), JD~-WdOJ~/JR
AGG HR: AFWZLKM SOU= OD 0089/66/020/006/040/04?3
AUMR: Go=chw. 1. 0; IMI~L Ve AA YGMUk v, S M 12ly!h
#- 0; _snkova, V. V.;
,'Suvaravo A, P.; L. A. _9 -Tyr-
none
Trw Ugular distribution of fast neutrons behind iron Abields
'.SOtRCE** Atonnsys. energiyap v. 20j, no. 6, 1966, 469-473
TOPIC TAGS: neutron distribution, fast neutron# angular distributionj reactor
shielding, iron
ABSTRACT-* The authors have soured the angular and energy distributions of fast
:neutrons behind iron shimAr, 10 and 13 cm thickness. The results of the expori.
i ment exe comp&red-wiUFc-aliZations by the Monte Carlo mothod aW with maq-group
; calculations by the t1tranamisnion" matr'jc method in the 2? appvzlmstion. The
I results of the calculations show that the transmission of 4; &1eld depends
I
,strongly on the angular distribution of the incident radiation, The transmission
~measurements were made using an RIZ uranium-water reactor with a stainless steel
1 reflector. The agreement of the experimental and the calculated data an found to
Card 2/
UDC: 339.125.52,

L 0699,1-47
i= NR-- AF&M,5M
Do satisfactory both in absolute magnitude and in the form of Us wWilAr distribu-
Lions. A stuc~y was also judo, of the difference in character of the spatial and
uigaar distributions of fast neutrons from a point source In an infinite Immo-
Coneous medium and from a point' source located at a plane barrier. The rewAts
show that the allowance for the thickness of the shield leads to a steeper fall off
in the neutron flux than in the case of an infinite medium. other differences be.
Ween infinite and finite shields are also pointed out. The authors thank Yu. A.
Kazanskiy for valuable advice and discussions. Orig. art. ban: 5 figures and I
SUB COMB: lie SM DATZ: O4Soy63/ ORIG RV: .M3/ OTH RIW: 004
Card 2/2

t o-50-4-9-67 ~;-,-T (TO JR/GD
4ZC__NRt AT6027921 SOURCE CODE: UR/0000/66/ooo/ooo/oo671007.1
AUTHOR: Yermakov.-S. M.; Prokoflyeva,_Z,,A~,
'Z~
,ORG: None
TITLE: Use of the Monte Carlo method in shielding calemlations
iSOURCE: Voprosy fiziki zashchity reaktorov (Problems in physics o reactor shielding):
,sbornik statey, no. 2. Moscow, Atomizdat, 1966, 67-71
TOPIC TAGS: Monte Carlo method, radiation shielding, computer progriuming
ABSTRACT: The authors consider some procedural problems associated vith the compila-
tion of programs for solving problems in nuclear radiation shielding by the Monte
Carlo method. There are two classical approaches in using this method for calculating
the passage of radiation through matter: 1. modeling the behavior ot a neutron or y-
quantum in the medium and 2. writing out the solution for the ititegral equation of ra-,
diation transfer in the form of an infinite series with terma which wre multiple inte-
grals of increasingly higher order (Neumann series) with subsequent application of th9d
Monte Carlo method for calculating these tenus. Two probleino ai*e considered: t1le gen
eral structure of a program for shielding calculation and the structure of an elemen-
tary unit for general shielding geometry. It is assumed in the cliscussion that the
reader is familiar with the Monte Carlo method as presented in works by Buslenko,
Card 1

L 050-149-67
NR: AT6027921
Zolotukhin, Vladimirov and others where it'is shown that penetration of radiation
through matter may be given in terms of the phase coordinates of the particles along
its trajectory. A procedure is described for compiling a program to follow this tra-
jectory. Particular emphasis is given to that part of the program for det;.--.-Taining the
distances travelled by the particle in moving from a given point in a given direction
before exit frcm the medium. An algorithm in ALGOL-60 language is given in the form ol
a procedure for determining these distances and correlating the corresponding numbers.
The resulting gecimetric unit may be useful in other computaticoal methods, e. g. for
constructing three-dimensional nets for difference methods. OrIg. art. has: I formu-
Ia.
SUB CODE: 12, 091 SUBM DATE: 12Jan66/ ORIG REF; 003
Card

0
,W Now,. Woodak OU (M640 P- b-
04011ma wha sma wvpb mod Mon IwA no
ANN- to al~
0. M. Koubpos

YAB"Ov, B.P.
The 03olahlys Toronki" Cave In Pahlya. Zoolovedools 4t67-80 157.
(pashlya-ca,ves) (NLU IOF9)

I Y-,MWOVI S. S.
yMMKOV, s. S. "Investigation of Steel for the Cutting Edge* of
DriUs." Min Higher Eucation USSR. TaningroLd
Polytechnic Inst imeni M. 1. Kallhin4 1,eningrad,
1956. (Dissertation for the Degree or Candidate
in Sciences)
/4
7echnical
So: Knizhaya Istopis',, No. 17, 1956

"..j"
"An Investilption of Us, Oeometry Ot i COV64S UN Ath
WYEW
the Aid of a Stereegraphle Prc,~`ectloqI#" b7.11 .A: IVINONCOWS
WINA; ~_e-
lzvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Otdeleni e Te n c es M_ aukp
No 6, Jun 57) pp 5b-63
The article introduces a graphical method of sol-Ving a series of
problems which are encountered in an investigation of the geometry of a
Cardan suspension. -The method makes use of a stereographic ptojection and
is based on the method of analysis employed by V. V. Dobrovollskiy in hie
work., Teopiya. Sfericheskikh Mekhanizm . (The Theory of Spherical Mecha-
nisms),, Moscow, 19117.
The author first locates the stereographic image normal to the plane
of a Carden ring on a reference plane connected to a stationary basej then
determines the angle of inclination of a second Carden iing in relation to
the stationary base; next he determines the angle betwen the swinging axes
of the Cardan rings and the line of intersection of the Dlane or thp second
Cardan ring and the plane connected to the stationary base. Then be 1=tes,
on the reference plane connected to the stationary base) the otereographic
image of a point in the plane of the second Cardan ring, and finally, de-
termines the angles between the plane of the second Cardan ring and the
plane connected to the statiotWfy base., which are measja~,ed it', various planato
passing through the center of the suspension. (U)
5~UiM ~'Al 1Y,11

Yr "q -S
AUTHORt Yermakov, S. S. (Moscow). 2"-10/24
TITIZ: Uiryiiis of the geometry of the gimbalisuspeasiou with the
help of stereogra~hic projection. (Rassihotiehiye geometrii
kardannogo, podvesa pri. pomoshchi stereografibheekoy
~royektsii).
demii Nauk, Otdolanile T~khnicheskikh Nauk"
FMIODICALO "Izvesati2a, Aka
(Bull-eTT-n of tte Acibe., Technical Science~ Section),
195 79 W0069 pp.58-63 (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: The problem of expressing the relations between the
different angles defining'the,positiolk of a gimbal mounting
is considered. Previous *ork;;has used spherical trigo-
nometry or Cartesian projections of a.~unit vector. The
present paper uses the construction in a plane, with the
help of stereographic projection, of'Seometric figi~res
which are in mutually unique correlation vith geometric
figures given on a spherical surface. The plane coincides
with that of one of the great circles. The methods used
by Dobrovollbkiy, V.V. (The theory of sphorical mechamisms,
Mashgiz, Moscow, 1947) and the properties'discover6d by
cara 1/2 Fedorov, Ye. S. (A course in crystallographyt Rikker,
- St. Petersberg, 1901) are the foundations of the present
study. Geometric constructions by the drawing of lines and

AUTHOR: Ternakovo at 13-1 Candidat* of Technical,' eu
TITLE: On the content of carbon in case hardening iste-la.
(0 sodershanii ugleroda v tsaneatuyo stelyakh).
PERIODICAL: "Netallovedenig i 0brabotka, Lejalloikr (Iletallurgy and
Metal-Tr-eatment), 19.57, 10,7s pp. 43-45;1(U*5*S.,Rq)
ABSTRACT: Ipatov, N. K..(4) investigated the resistance to repeated
impact of case hardened carbon steels containing 0 .16 and
0.23% 0 and arrived at the conclusion that an increase in
the 0 content from 0.16 to 0023% and aA incFease of the
case hardening depth brings about an increase of the
impact strength of steel and the highei ths:carbon content
of the case hardened steel the.more ha~mful'is the effect
of the case hardening. His 'conclusions, may not be fally
justified since-his investigations wwie not long enough
ana amounted to only about 10 000:impact cycles and also
he did not take into consideration the ratio of the area
of the case hardened layer to the,arei;of the entire cross
section. To establish the optimum carbon content in
case hardening steels 12 mm dia. 150 am long specimens
made of the Steels 10, 20, 35 and 45 were earburised for
Card 1/2 durations of 9 to 20 hours at 900 to 920 0 in a solid
carburising agent. The respective C contents were

YE X AIA)~ro V~' 5, 3"
AUTHOR: Vyaznikov, X.F., Termakov, S.S. 32-9-20/43
TITLEt A Method of the Investigation of Fatigue by LVact in Steel
(Metodika issladoyaniya stali n& udarnuyu ustalost')
PERIODICAL: Zavadskaya Laboratori*, 1957, Vol. 23, Nr 9. pp 1095-1097 (USSR)
BSTRACT: The authors developed a method for the deterudnation of the in-
fluence exercised by the liquid medium upon the impact fatigue re-
sistance of steel and carried out a corresponding investigation. The
scheme of a machine and the experimental method are described. The
recorded curves for continuous impact strength of the case-hardened
samples are given in form of the dependence of a nunber of impacts
until destruction upon the energy of the single impaci. It is shown
that the most resistant steel in the case-hardened state both in the
air and in the liquid medium in the steel 20 XM3A. From a comparison
of the curves obtained when investigating in the solution and in the
air, it may be seen that in the case of all types or steel a decrease
of impaot-fatigue-strangth may be observed when investigation is
carried out in the solution. In the case of short investigations
(20-40 min.) in the liquid medium this decrease amounted to 38-42%,
in the case of tests of long duration (45-50 hours) it amounts to
53-55%. In order to detemine the influence exercined by the compo-
Cara 1/2 sition of the solution on the decrease of the strength of steel,

A Method of the Investigation of Fatigue by Impact in Steel
32-9-20/43
comparative impaot-fatigue-tests were carried out with case-hardened
samples of 12 KW2A steel in pure distilled water, in the air, and
in a solution. It is shown that the greatest decrease of impact
strength was obser7ed in the case of the test carried out in the
solution. The investigation of the destroyed sample showed that the
working surface of the sample had no oxide film an a result of a
test carried out in distilled water, in contrast to the surface
obtained by the investigation carried out in the solution. It is
assumed that, besides the phenomena of the adsorption and strutting
effect, the reduction of impact strength Is caused also by the
affect of corrosion. In the came of short experiments the effect of
corrosion is of no importance, but with an increase of the duration
of the experiment the role played by it increases steadily. The data
obtained agree well with the testa carried cALt in nature with
drilling milling cutters ( the latter developed in a liquid medium
under cyclical impact streesee). There arc ) fiVires, i table and
3 Slavic references.
AVAnMLS: Library of Congress
Card 2/2

SOV/137-58-10-21617
Translation from: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1958, Nr 10, p 166 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Nekhendzi, Yu.A., Vyaznikov, N.F., Yermakov, S.S.
TITLE: New Types of Steel for Manufacture of Cutters of Drilling Bits
and Methods of Their Investigation (Novyye stali dlya sharo-
shek burovykh dolot i metodika ikh iiialedovaniya)
PERIODICAL: Materialy Mezhvuz. nauchn, soveshchaniya po vopr. novoy
tekhn. v neft. prom-sti, 1958, Vol 3, pp 111- 127
ABSTRACT: Factors affecting the destruction of cutters of drilling bits
(CDB) were investigated and a number of requirements which
must be satisfied by steels of which tho CDR are made were
developed. Comparative impact-strength testt; were performed
on .11 different types of steel. It was established that the in-
crease in impact strength; produced during surface hardening
of the CDB by means of cementation, is decisively affected by
the strength of the carburized layer (CL), rather than by the
magnitude and nature of distribution of the residual and surface
stresses. It is therefore essential that sucn alloying elements
as Ni, Cu, etc., which tend to reduce brittleness and increase
Card I/Z the strength and plasticity of the CL be introduced into

SOV/ 137-58-10-21617
New Types of Steel for Manufacture of Cutters of Drilling Sits (cont.)
carburized steels employed for the manufacture of the CDB. The greatest
increase in impact strength as a result of carburization is observed when the
ratio of the depth of the CL to the radius of the spacimen amounts to 0. 18-
0.22, and the ratio of the surface of the CL to the surface of the entiro Spec-
imen amounts to 0.36-0.38. It is found that the following types of stee3s com-
bine optimal mechanical properties with high impact strengthi 1)
25KhZGNZDZF steel containing 0.2-0.28% C, 0.3-0.4% Si, 0.9- 1. 1% Mn, 1.5-
1.876 Cr, 1.8-2.276 Ni, 0.15-0.2% V, and 1.8-2ZIo Cu! JIG, 44-37; (rs' 158-
141 kg/ Z* T 2
mm , , 169-152 kg/rnrn : q1, 48.3-53.6%; 6, 7,95-10.17a; ak,
7.6-13 kgm/-m ; 2) 25KhZGNZT steel containing 0.2-028'1/6 C, 0.3-0.4% Si'*
0.8-1.176 Mn, 1.5-1.876 Gr, 1.8-2.Zlo Ni, 0.8-0.157o Ti; Rc. 44-38; (r., 150-
138 kg/MM2; (rb, 163-152 kg/mmz; qj, 48.8-52.61o; 6, 8.8-9.97a; ak, 7.3-
9 kgm/cmz; 3) 25KhNFR steel containing 0.2-0.281o C, 0.3-0.476 Si, 0.6-
0. 8% Mn, 0. 9 - 1. 2% C r, 0. 9 - 1. Z(76 Ni. 0. 15 - 0. 25a V. 0. 0 0 3 - 0. 0 0 4% B; RC 1 3 9 -
3Z; a-s, 147-134 kg/mmz; a-b, 156-145 kgimmz; qi, 42.3-49.6%; 6, 7.5-
8.7%; ak, 8-9.38 kgm/cm?-. 1. B.
1. Drills--Production 2, Cutting tools--t4aterials 3. Steel-.-Physical
properties
Card Z/Z

AUTHMS: Vyaznikov, If, F., Yermakov, S. S. lcoy/163-58-3-39/49
TITLE: Residual Stroasba in Stools at Cliollicial 4trid Tiierinal Trot"'Viont
(Ostatochnyyenapryazheniya v stali pri khimiko-termicheskoy
cibrabotke)
PERIODICAL: Nauchnyye doklady vysohey shkoly. Metullurgiya, 1958,
Ur 3, pp 236 - 241 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The influence exerted by the composition of the steel on
the extent and the character of the distribution of
the residual stresses in cementite samples was investigated,
and the extent and the character of the distribution of
the residual tension in the subsurface re,~,-iorj and the
structure of the cementite layer were determined. The
investigations were carried out with the steel samples
23wdr un(V 2,r-1(h2CM2T . To investigate the influence exerted
by carbon on the extent and the distribution character
of the residual stress carbon steels of the typeq20, 30
and 40 were cemented at depths of 1,5 - 1,6 mm. The
cementation of the samples was carried put in the carbonizer
at temperatures of 910-9200 within 3-20 hours. Then the
Card 1/2 samples were again hardened in oil at 780-8000. From

Residual Stresses in Steels at Che=ical and Thermal SOV1163-56-3-391149
Treatment
the investigations carried out may be aes-tn th;!A ~','itli
a cementation layer of a thicknooo of up to 1p6 mm
in all samples the renidual tension decroasesp which
is also the case when the carbon content of the ,teel
is increased. When the diameter of the samplen increases
and the thickness of the layer of cementite remains
the same the extent of the surface comprension stress
is increased. Until the optimum thickness of the cementite
layer is reached the change of the residual stress pro-
oeeds on the melting curve. With a thicker cementite
layer a removal of the residual tension is observed. Ther-
are 3 figures, 2 tables, and 6 referencea,&Uof which are
Soviet.
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnicheskiy institut (Leningrad Poly-
technical Institute)
SUBMITTED: Cctober 1. 1957
Card 2/ 2

1B(7),18(3)
,!JTHORS: liekhendzii-Yur A., Vyaznikov, N. ?of SOV/163-58-4-43/47
Yermakov, S. S.
TITLE: ~omp~os-itins of Casehardening Steel (Movyye sostavy
tsementuyemoy stali)
PERIODICAL: Nauchnyye dok'Lady vysshey shkoly. Metallurgiya, 1958# lir 4,
pp 240-247 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The present investigation was carried out at the laboratoriya
termoobrabotki i liteynaya laboratoriya LPI (Laboratory for
Heat Treatmen-~ and Pounary Work at the,Leningrad polytechnical
Institute). The results of an investigation of standard steels
18KhGT and 25Kh2GT (formerly used for milling cutters), and
those of four new casehardening steels (suggested by theauthors)
are given. The now steels arei 25Kh2GN2D2F # 25Kfi2GN2T and
25KhNFR. The method, the determination of critical points, the
investigation of depth hardening capacity, the investigation of
mechanical properties, the investigation ofthe steelfor repeated
impact, the investigation of the influence of hardening layer
depth and steel composition on fatigue impact strength, the
Card 1/2 investigation of fatigue impact strength of steel in air and

New Compositions of Casehardening Steel SOV/163-58-4-i-43/47
in liquid medium is given. The investigation showed that the
intred-,iction of n-Ackel and copper into the -asehardening steel
inc:reases the fatigue impact strength of steel. The fatigue
impact strength of steel increases, on account of casehardeningg
only tu a certain depth of the hardening layer. The optimum
e-epth cf the hardening layer is obtained at a ratio of 0.18-0.22
between depth cf layer and radius. In the investigation of the
oasehardened samplas for fatiguo impact strongth in liquid
medium, the impact endurance limit of the steel decreases
strongly both in continuous tests (50-55 hours) and in
shcrt-termed tests (30-40 mizrates). The new types of steel
sUggested here can be recommended for tf~e production of parts
streastid by repeated imipa,it* There are 4 filfures,2 tables, and
6 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(Leningrad Polytechnic Institute)
SUBMITTED: October 1, 1957
Card 2/2

TXRXWT, S.S.. kand.tekbn.neuk
Dwpondence of ateel resistance to sbock on to"ring temmraturs.
Isv. vys. ucheb, sav.; chern. mt. noe?;157-162 JI '58-
Oau litio)
1. Leningradekly polit,ekbulchasKy lustitut.
(Steel-lestincYl: (tampering)

SOV/129-56-9-14/16
AUTHOR: Yermakov,.,,8,..__8., Candidate of Technical Science
TITLE: Book review (Retsenziya)
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeni e i Obrabotka Metallov, 1958, lir 91
PP 55-57 (USSR)y
ABSTRACT: The book "Manufacture of Iron Powder" by G.V.Sameonov
and S.Ya.Plotkina, Metallurgizdat, 1957 iB reviewed by
S. S. Yermakov
1. Iron powders--Production
Card 1/1

AUTHORS s Yermakov, S. S., Yosipovich, Ye. U. (L:0300w) 1031-19-5-2/14
TITLE: A Method of Forming Transmission Functiona of Sam2led-
-Data Control Systems With Extrapolating Devices ('"'etodika
sostavleniya peredatochnykh funktsiy inpul'snykh sistem.
regulirovaniya, ooderzhashchikh ekstrapoliruyushchiye
,stroystva)
PERIODICAL: Avtomatika i Telemekhanika, 1958, Vol- 19, fir 5,
PP- 401-407 (USSR)
ABSTRACTj A mothod of forming tho transmission fund-tions of extra-
polating devices is given hore. It parmits to use the
existing theory of impulse control for an analysis and
synthesis of systems containing these devices. The extra-
polating devices serve for transforming the discreet data
into continuous (or continuous in places) ones. The follo-
wing is showns 1) In the investigation of the dynamics
of the control system %ith an impulse element, connected
in series, with an infinitely small reciprocal of the pulse
duty factor (skvazhnost') (y-40) and an extrapolatinj de-
Card 1/2 vice these terms can be replaced by an inpulse element

A Method of Forming Transmission Functions of 103-19-5-2/14
Sampled-Data Control S.Yatems -With Extrapolating Devices
which forms pulses of a rectangular shape and To 1, and
by the linear (continuous) part of the extrapolating de-
vice which is also connected in series. 2) The transmis-
sion function of the linear part of the extrapolating de-
vice can be found by the application of the usual (and not
discreet) Laplace transformation. Thko tronamission function
only expresses the connection between the representation of
the input and the output quantity in the case of a certain
shape of the input action - in the case of a continuity of
the rectangular pulses with r w 1. Therefore such a func-
tion can be called a conditional transmission function.
3) On the basis of the data given here it can be stated
that the method of the conditional transmission functions
(in the sense here mentioned) is applicable when the input
action represents a continuity of impulses of any previously
known shape.
Tfiere are /+figures, I table and 4 referemoeB, all of which
are Soviet.
SUBMITTED s November 1, 1957
AVAILLBLE: Library of Congress
Card 2/2 1. Mathematical computers--Operation 2. Mathematical computers-
Control

oil
oil
got
i HIM-
! --R
FBI
ttllm
"all
qr

SOV/129-59-2-7/16
AUTHPR;,, Yermakoy,_�.I~-, Candidate of Technical Sciences
TITIB: Impact Fatidutemg%le Steel 30KhGS (UdaryWa
vynoolivost' stali 30KhGS)
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i Termicheakaya Gbrabotka Metfallov,
1959* Nr 21 PP 34 - 36 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The author investigated the influence of the tempering
temperature on /the impact fatigue strength of 30KhGS steel
(0 60716 Mn, 1.20916 Cr and 0.99% Si). The impact
fa;i'Ne*,~itested on a machine, a sketch of which is
shown in Figure 11, in which a specimen with dimensions
as shown in Pigure 2 was subjected to pure impact bending
(the load was applied simultaneously at two points with
impact energies of 25 and 60 kgcm) with a frequency of
600 impacts/iain. After each impact, the sDecimen was
turned by 15 - Preliminary treatment of the specimens:
Afte machining, the specimens were quencted in oil from
880 6C, tempergd, in oil for 2 hours at 100, 200, 300, 400:
500, 600, 700 'C and, following that, cooled in air.
Three of the specimens were not tempered Sfter hardening
and a further three were annealed at 880 C for 2 hours.
Cardl/3 Comparative fracture tests were made on a "Gagarin" press

Impact Patiguello?7%Wlteel 30KhGS SOV/129-59-2-7/16
and the impact strength was determined bv means of a
pendulum impact-testing machine with an impact energy
of 30 kgm. The obtained results, graphed in Figure 3,
show that all the mechanical properties, i.e. strength,
impact strength, and impact fatigue strength increase
in the case of tempering at 200 C. For tempering
temperAtures above 200 C, the strength and yield point
values dropqbgJmpact strengtg drops sharply at tempering
temperatures from 290to 500 C. However, for a tempering
temperature of 500 C, there is an increase in the
impact strength. In contrast to this, 811e impact fatigue
strength shows a second 4- at 400 C when the impact
strength is lowest aad at 500 C the impact fatigue
strength drops sharply. In the cage of impacts of
60 kgcm specimens tempered at 400 0 withstand the largest
number of impacts, whilst in the case of impacts with
energies of 25 kgcm, the specimens tempored at 200 C
withstand the largest number of impacts,, It was found
that for this steel, the fatigue strength in the case of
Card2/3 repeated impact loading has features which are not revealed
in static tests or in single-impact bending testrn,.

Impact Fatigu*4?9V2Krr--'~tee1 30JKhGS SOV/129-59-2-7/16
The fatigue curve for repeated impact loads, as a
function of theotempering temperature, shows two maxima
at 200 and 400 C, respectively. The magnitucL-s of these
maxima are determined by the energies of the individual
impact. There axe 3 figures and 4 references, 3 of
which are Soviet and 1 German.
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(Leningrad Polytechnical Institute)
Card 3/3

BOV/129-59-6-9/15
AUTHORS: Vyaznikov, N.F., Yermakov, B.S., Candidatt~s or
Technical Sciencer
TITLE: Residual Stresses in the Hardened and the Case-hardened
Layer (Ostatochnyye napryazheniya v zakalennom tsemento-
vannom sloye)
PERIODICAL: Metallovedeniye i termicheakaya obrabotka metallov, 1959,,
Wr 6, pp 41 - 45 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The aim of the work described in this paper was to establish
the influence of the steel composition and also of the depth
and the structure of the carburized layer on the magnitude and
the character of the distribution of the residual stresses in
carburized components. The influence of allo:ying elements and
of the carbon contents on the residual stresses in carb-urizzd
and heat-treated specimens was investigated on alloy and carbon
steels with compositions as given in the table on p 42. Cyl-
ind ical specimens of 12 mm dia, 150 mm length, were investi-
gated after being carburized in-a mixture of 8% chascoal 10%
sodium carbonate and 5% barium carbonate at 910-920 C for
durations of 3-20 hours. Immedia-tely after removal from the
carburization boxes, the specimens were quencheg in oil and
quenched for a seoond time in oil from 780-800 G. gollowing
Cardl/4that, the specimens were tempered for 1 hour 4t 200 C and

SOV/129-59-6-9/15
Residual Stresses in the Hardened and the Case-liardexled Layer
cooled in air. For one of the stools the up8almeno were a~ib--
jected to intermediate tempering at 660-6030 C for a duration of
4 hours prior to the se~,ond quenching. On the ba2is of the
obtained results,. the followlag conclusions axe arrived at.
1) The. magnitude' of the resIdual stresseo axid the character of
their distribution along the i~rcss-sectioii of the quenched,
carburiz.)d specimen depends on the depth of the carbur..zed
layer as well as on the c.-hemical composition of the steel.
2) Yn increasing the depth of the carburised layer from
0.6-2.2 mm, the magnitude of the residual surface stressea
changes greatly. In the case of relatively shallow ca:Tb1ir:,.z--
ation depths, there are compression stresses at the surfa,,,e of
the specimens wh.-1.,-,h tn,:~rease- with increasing depth of -carburiz-
ation up to carburization depths of 1.2 mm. Yu:rther Increace-
of the carburization. depth 'Leads to a reduction in the comprea-
Sion stresses and in the case of carburization depthe ex-7eeding
2 mm residual tensile atreases will be present at th,~
specimen siirfaces.
Card2/4

SOV/129-59-6-9/15
Residual Stresses in the Hardened and the Case-hardened Layer
3) In accordance with the changes ia the residual surface
stresses, there will also be changes in the magnitude and
the character of the stresses along the cross-section of
the carburi2gd specimens. If the depth of carburization
does not exceed 1.2 mm., there will be a continuous change
in the residual stresses aloug the aross-section.
However, if the carburization depth exceeds 2 mm, the
curve representing the distribution of the
residual stresses will show a discou'Un-mity in the
compression stresses.
4) The magnitude and the character of the residual
stresses are greatly dependent on bhe presence in the
structure of a hardened layer of exaess carbides and
of residual austenite.
Card3/4

St/129-59-6-9/15
. rd
R~didual Stresses in the Hardened and the case- dened Layer
Th.ere are 2 figures, 1 table and 3 Soviet references,
ASSOCIATION: leningradekiy politekhnicheskiy institut
(lieningrad Polytechnical Institute)
Card 4/4-

25'(6) 80~/ 32 -25-5- 3o/62
AUTHORs Yermakov, S. S.
------------- 1_11_~
TITLE-. ---
Methods of Investigating Steel With Respect to Abrauion Under
Alternating Shock-like Loads (Metodika isaledovanija stali na
abrazivnyy iznos pri udarnoperementlyk1i nagmzkakh)
PERIODICAL: Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1,059, Vol 25, Ur 3, PP 337-339 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: Methods have been worked out by which data on abrasion under
alternating shock-like loads as a function of composition and
structure of tile abrasion layer can be obtained. Data for the
steel types 20KhN2A, 20KhN3A, and 20N31,1A (Table) were obtained
by these methods. In principle, the tewt unit (Fig 1) is a
spring which causes the loading. An electric motor rotatev a
shaft (700 rpm). Samples in the form of coe wheels (Fig 2) were
tested; in this case the jolting effoot (in. addition to the ef-
fect of friction caused by the rotation) was conveyed by the
cogs. White electro-corundum (0.6-0.0 mm), corundum (3-5 mm),
and quartz sand, in a liquid with a composition nimilar to sea
water, were used a~; abrasion mixture. The switi~les were cemented
into hard carburizing nalt up to a la4ter thicknes3 of 1.5-1.7 rnm

Card 1/2 at 930 t 100 and givAn a, Lharmal t;r'j!rtr,,,-.Jmvnt of various

SOV/32-25-3-30/62
Methods of Invectigatine Steel With Respect to Abraaion Unler Alternating
Shock-like Loads
types. The results showed (Fig 3) that the -thermal aftertreat-
ment, i.e. the microBtructure of the layer i.-onsiderably in-
fluencos the degree of abrasion. 2ON3MA steol raij invet;tigated
with regard to the influence of the load on t4'-,.- ;,br!uiion P.n,' it
was found that an increase of abrasic-A~it is dotfoled) almost doffinct
occur until the load has increased fro-m 150 to 250 k6. The ab-
rasion of the steels tested depends on the 3tructure and hard-
ness of the surface layer under otress. There are 3 figures,
1 table, and 2 Soviet references.
ASSOCIATION: Leninpradski~- polit:~]~hnicl'Leski~ irutitat im. M. I. Kalinina
(LL-nint,y-re.it Pol~tcchnical Institute inerii b1. 1. Kalinin)
Card 2/2

ell: 1 - 11:1 1q
T C- -P, M 1~ r, 0 PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/4024
Vyaznikov, Nikolay Filippovich,, and Sergey Stepanovioh Yermakov
Primeneniye Izdeliy poroshkovoy metallurgli v promyshlennosti (use
of Powder-Metallurgy Products in Industry) Moscow, Mashgiz, 1960.
187 p. Errata slip inserted. 5oOOO copies printed.
Reviewer: P.B. Mikhaylov-Mikheyev* Professor; Ed.: M.I. Koryukov,
Docent,, Candidate of Technical Sciences; Ed. of Publishing House:
M.A. Chfas; Tech. Ed.: A.I. Kontorovich; Mana Ing Ed. for Lit-
erature on Machinery Manufacturing (Leningrad ;[vision, Mashgiz)s
Ye. P. Naumov, Er-gineer.
PURPOSE: This book is Intended for technical personnel in machine
and Instrument manufacturiAq Industries. Xt may also be useful
to students at schools of higher technical education.
COVERAGE: The authors describe."methods of producing powders from
various ferrous and nonferrous metals and the manufacture of rare
and refractory metals by powder metallurgy. The theory and methods
of manufacturing powdered-metal products and the properties of such
Card 1/6

Use of Powder-Meta22urgy Products In Industry SOV/4024
products (friction and antlfrlotlon materials., carbldes and heat-
resistant alloys, filters, magnets and other machine partB,,ete.)
are presented. No personalities are mentioned. There are 83
references: 63 Soviet, 22 English, 7 German, and I Polish.
TABLE OP COMNTSt
Introduction 3
Ch. I. Metal Powders, Their Propertlen,and Methods of Production 5
1. Mechanical methods for producing metal powders 5
2. Physlooohemleal methods 9
3. Processing proportion of metal powders N
4. Physical properties 1
5. Chemical properties 23
6. Brief information on metal powders 25
Ch. II, Pressing of Metal Powders 28
Preparation of a mixture 28
Measuring out the mixture and filling the die 32
9. Pressing 33
10. Theory of pressing 42
11. Properties of compacts 47
12. Hot Vressing 50

18,7500
78124
Sri
AUTHORS: VyazrAkov, 11. F., Yormakov, 3, S., Soldatova, 11. 11.
Candidates of
TITM Gano Hardening of Ohrornium Stfllrklcf~:' Stf,~el
PERIODICAM Metallovedeniye* I teVjjjjChQ.I1(AYjA mil,".111ov,
1960, Nr 3, PP 11-13 (USSR)
ABSTRAM This is a report concerning tho determination of a
method of case hardening of oteelo IKKI3 and
lKhl7, with the purpose of inox;ea-Sing the -mirface
hardness of products made from thf--n. Low-chromium
stainless steel does not have a SUMC-lent hardness
in hardened state and th(.,.,rfore cannot be tised for
products subject to abr(ulon and (.--ornpression waar,
etc. The chemical composition,of Inve:'itigated ~Aeels
is given in liable 1.
Card 1/4

Case Hardening of Chrom1wa StalrileBgs Steel 78124
Table 1.
Mn
FCTINI
IX13 012 0,75 141 13 3 0,20
I
IX17 0: 00,80 0:.jo118:() O,go
Case hardening wa!3 done In a tiolld carburiz1ol.,,- age-rit"
containing 85% of birch charcoal, 10% of Liodlum
carbonate, and ~)% of, baLj'JUM carbonai-e. The 20 x 20
x 60 mim samples were packed In 6,1rori heatod
for 12 hr at 9000, 9500, 1,()00-', ,-,rid 1,01)0() C' and
cooled in the air. 11he har(Ineso of ;3,.*Lmp1(---.,,,
Card 2/ 4 quenched from 1,000 C aftor ca.-,(-- lv'vvdeninf-~ Cor

Case Hardening of' ChromIUM Stainle-sks Stf.~,el
i F
SO'I/l2q-.,o-s--4 6
4-12 hr af~,' ;arious depths of caj)a hardened layer..
is illustrated in'Figure li 4
55
15
V.6 0.9 t?
73

Dtsr#Afcr rPOPA SURFACE
Fig. 1. Hardness of samples, hardened from 1 0000 C,
at various depths of case hardened layers (11 Bteel
Card 3/4 IKhl3j (2) steel M17.

Case Hardening of Chromium Stainless Steel 781'214
SOV/129-60-3-3/i6
ASSOCIATIONt
The conducted tests proved that the max1mum hardne.9s
of stainless steel (without case hardening) after
quenching from 1,000-1,5000 C is not over 30 RC,
while after case hardening it jr~creases to 55-60
RC. The steel which was case hardened at 950' C
differs very little (in hardnese) from the steel
case hardened at 1,0000 C. Therefore, the authors
recommend case hardening componentsmade from
stainless steels lKhl3 ang M17 at 9500 C and
quenching them from 1,000 C. There are 2 figures;
and 5 tables.
Leningrad Polytechnic Institute imeni M. 1. Kalinin
(Leningradskly Politekhnicheskiy inetitut imeni
M. 1. Kalinina)
Card 4/4

YERMAKOV, S.S.j PEODANILS.
Methods of meamwing impact energy in testing wtals far impact
end=sm . Zav. lab. 27 not 12;1313-1~U 161. CHM& 15W
le Leningradskly politekbid.-heoldy institut in, i.l. Win' .
(Metals-Tooting)

F;
0?416/6,~600/600/A1410 13
riijui Iii pie
TITLE: The wear and fatigue of S%I'elund~,r
ed-Wm lit
ta, an abrasive liquid in r
t P
SOURCE: Metzillovedemye i te r r.. 1-,V 1*~O.-~. f 0 r -f: 1*~~ t'4~ p 0
rnic4e i; kayi~ bbiabotka
matd1lovedeniyu i to rmlthe~koylcibralbotkle, dV; t. v
Moscow, Metallurgizdat,1 JI 9 6-2, -:z 6 9.
TE:XT: The, pa pe r describes, a no z~s~iiig
vel tr T11J.4; tost r6j,ulo o
expe rimentation intended to inve Sti-atu 'the -~roble-rn (.--f znd flMig-re
I .1d'peated lodd~ d
!rasulting from laticue fissures in tij ln~ P y
action o., an abrasive liquid' modmm on &,teeLo~thal`t ur m4ril-o have elov to.4,
resibtlancc a-ainist --brat,,iv(; wcar, hl~ith S 43-nd 1.404K A r,-,'~ i-l~ tdugh-ie
t rl-
tet;t equiprnent. is shown in a schcnra~ic r, r4llollltil; O~c tioi~.` r1 It a I '19tor-cirvle,ri
able vertical shaft is fitted at its lwaiir ondi"Irith.a ~;t4r-i4~,L!pL-d. i4l,wrnble 31
zontal idlez shii.fts- which serve as yournalu fcjr VC u lzo, 11~rncn
wheels. 6 15 1: 2-1~ieki roj'41 in
yrhca the vertical 51 -aft rot.-;;:tes~-
p
a circular path over a cast-iron pfate, and" dUy C xe r t t; a I
rizi load onthe vertical shaft, the specitnen~whc(-!!) ii-~~ their ccritact
sp
Card 1/4

The- wear and fatigue- of steel
-s Nvith the cast-iron platte impack Io it a s! o fprcd-~;~tELW
Poinf
The -impact-wear pair is contained in: z.4.circulav:bath filicu'i
consisting of co:rundum and qua rtz, sazid.. Id asmuch lu~
the gear-shaped specimens agains;t the-,'.r rc!s~pective
the interstice bctween them is also filled with tHe abra.siNi a!
provides also information 'on the non-ivnpad.t~weuar ol'pnirr' 61,
Specimens made of steels~ 2OX1112-h (ZGI,'JiNZA), O~L,'
ZON3MA) werp tested (mechanical properti~,n 4re *buliild
mpact faugue were performed by th6 pure-band
Supported as a simple bearn arld 10.'t'daj with twd.
loads; these tests were perforraed in ali- aind :0)1 iliq-46
equipment Used is sho%vn in cr' IjPoCWI!C ~11
cementation and heat treatment to increascl! their halrdndfqjii~
abrasion resistance. Cementatic.)n was doi rbur
different heat-treatment methods followed le~em~mta~iort:l
a-Ld Z-hr teiitin6'v at 180." J
cementing, Zd 00 from 7700, 1 b(I
0., a, o
40 intended to reduce the '.n unt of re'~ainil ~ -
6
layer, followed by Q and temper as. in(l), . (3) aii c6cill,r'g
cementat tion, then reheat to 930-8500, OQOI and.Z-I~r
(4) cooling in the carburizin,,,,, box to 200 ~Quqach Aromi,
Card 214
0 i ''von
13
fre~j' iericy and
Irl- a 1) r-- s iv~a Lid uid
forr.4 prl~-.Sscs
rij'Naner ciskj;, a.).-id
liqi:j1d, -the exi),,rhnient
in) the abrasive Jibuid.
Iri'44j! Al 'and ZO~143 MA
iments 14 r
it.-nen
ot i iotating 31,ec
rio'rmal
rnodia. Thcitc:it
Subject('d to
ancl~ lhancc, dii,~ir
-.e r at 930*(' 3. Four
-ifter
;i 7-hr I-n'per at
n the
(Ri~~ ~4.
to V;r,'o-5000 alzer.
was pl'-.rformed to

Y
x
The wear and fatigue of's-eel unde'r rnu i-ple ~8 -411611 OV000101~'[PJ3
it
4
a mir. te thd ~,fna;.-. fjiz,~ arid rernrvi- th t: ~j - I e ')~~etwiillr
M U
c
2d 0 (720-740') was intended to millitnizij th6.qwjntftj ctif 11
J!" I u, 1." 0
s ~ m_Z0611 1 111*1C.
-were te-mpered for Z hrs at I
pechnens
& c -la,
arburized n:-ist;ng La r! ziA~ L s. t~3 ndf:c (MI)
f(.,, r rnicrostructure co of ;kicu
:R C 61-63. Tho othe-. 2 1ho.: i d-d not elillillate
almost complete 4bsence of kA;
aLl of the 1A, aft I their 11ardl-wai W.0; lovio r, 1lmll).M, t ~fa.t~JJLIJ J,~
1 :1. ,
r~L & 'n I *T- 1- 6 M-11
~sults of the detisMination of the ii )I;iCt-Yat1g, Frp)t F i0ii C
cemented to -- depth of 1.6-1.8 rn m, ai%d heated-itrilbtedALL al~~of i a: 4 above -
q
Ste~~-l 2C)INN314A., h
mentioned ways are tabulated. !.o rna d, d'fl
(1), in which the carburized la-yer containad Rik In th6
ely dir, VC r 3; CH,
uniformly distributed inclusiona, had the mos:1t:fav.prable 10.4fl)er* ea. Additie,)nai
n ,
t;Ats showed that :in increase fro m. 720 to 7800 of the se(,.q. ;L Q . Iri,proved Che
sticity of the carburized layer and the I R. i oX th6 !~pecizrn asl;%fell
strength and pla C 114
by . lightly the quantit ture, S
increasing s y of P.A. Y6t higher;'secolilld- J;:Mpe
0 1 of the I., _
impaired the IFR of the steel by engendcrh~g': appreciz),ble- ~rj pwth M C yszals.
1a the- same steel it was found that an increasci in ca,*rb'Ur1;e#' 1-;1ay it: thickne:t,~!j UD:zto
6.3 of the total cros s -sectional area. of,the specirnen i!,rprf:) ~d tl.e.'WR ofthe
specimen, but a further increase in thickness re4uce ~ the! ; FIL IThO Ifati-Lic- t(:S-s
in a corrosive liallid medium were performe(i in'a so14tib11i11j,1MAo. I 11~ in composition
Card 3/4

_77 ---------
--7
The wear and ft~igue of ste I u der riviltiFd ..~Io
e n
9 e~. water, - and a reduction in IPR. WMU4-obs rvad~raOU ArAlf~ I~Uzil:Wloiag-tert i
11 t aA!.3 A'(1 A, N)I-~ I
(~0-50 Min) tcsts-, but in Jhort-U.,man (010-40 rn~l) tiiivc
tile 20' hN., 1 A 3imiC
stec!: M-nimal wear occurred vnth Ltto t-d
according to mathod (1). In sunn.-mary, tl:.L~ bo 100 4 r T'a H i,. i~c e' ajdcxr im jmc t
-vi- lir, MI dtrl -~uze~ :Jth a srn;-LL
loads was exhibited by steel ha n, IV
rmly distributed auste itc,' Wde r I ~tat:x lo!:O 1~: b, -!io trast, I'lle
amount of unifo. 1 r, n
wear increased in the presence of RA: .n t.1he 8a'rI~urizeid 1.1!"' V hore
fi&res and Z tables; no references::
ASSOCIATION: Leningradskiy politekhnichesIdy institut hI.+ X alinina.
IT

'kCC14R_&___AT-7'004_5_1_9 SOURCE CODE: UR/2563/66/000/268/0041/0046
AMOR: Yermakov, IS. S.;.Dcbrovatovar K. S.
ORG: Leningrad Polytochnical Institute (Leningradskiy politekbnicheakiy institut)
TITLE: Effect of alloying additions an the properties of Iron-bus powder metallurgy
materials
SOURCE: 'Leningrad. PolitekhalchaskLy Institut. Trudy, no. 260, 1966. Metallovedeniye
(maul Wienc*), 4JL-46
TOPIC TAGS; powder metallurgy, Iran alloy, graphite, copper containing alloy, nickel
containing alloys powder metal sInteriqj, motallographic examination, impact resin-
tance
ABSTRAM A study was done an iron-base powder metallurgy materials composed of 94
to 99% iron alloyed with nickel, copper# and graphite. Seven mixtures were made:
(1,2) graphite alone-4.0 and 3.0%; (3) graphite--1.0tp Cu-3.0%1 (4) graphite--3.0%,
Cu--3.0%; (5) graphite--1.0tv Wi--3.0%; (6) graphite-4.04, Mi-4.0t; and (7) gra-
phite-3.0%, Cu--1.5%, Ni--195%. Shrinkage and density were given as functions of
composition and compacting. Microstructures and mochanical:properties were datormin-
ad on the finished proft4ts., Before compacting, the powder mixtures were dicoxidized
and sifte4 through a-*croon. Cylindrical samples of 18 Wgbt an4 10 mm diameter
Card 1/2

ACC NRs
were compacted'at pressures of 7-12 7/cm2 and siviterid for 2 bra at temperatures of
1050, 1100, and 11500C In dissociated ammonia. Cracking occurred above 10,T/CM2 so
for optimum compacting the*pressure was kept at 9-10 A'/cu2 resulting in a residual
porosity of 14-18%. The sintered dansity increased an a function of temperature and
became constant av 11006C; hmm-ver, at USOaC the macro- and w4cr*4truotures were more
uniform. Fftvite famed for sixtures A and #2, while pearlito t comenti-te develop-
ed for the otherse For #7 a liquid Cu-Ni solution famed during sintering, giving a
compact*peralitic structure with a thin network of cementite. After homogenizing for.
2 hrs at GOOOC the cementite network dissolved. Maximum hardness was obtained after
sintering at 115010C. Nixtum 03 had the bighest hardness at 87 %, Tlj-- shriz*age
after sintoring far 2 his at USOOC was given for each mixture. Mixtures 050 06,
and 07 had the largest volume changes--4, 5, and Gkivapectively. The samples weft
water quenched fresi $00, 8260 and 6500C and tempered for 2 hrs at 1900C. Mcrostruc-
tures and mechanical properties of the beat treated sawplos *ioved that every mix-
ture had an cpTimum.quenching temperature. No hardness differences wer* observed be-
tween 1 and A graphite. Quenching increased the beading strength, but decreased
the impact resistance. The impact resistance# compressive aid bending strength dit-
creased after the carbon content increased from 1 to 3%. It.was concluded that Cu
and Ki increased the mechanical properties of iron-baso powder met&Uurgy materials.
Orig. art. has: 3 figures, 2 tables.
SO CODE: II/ SUBM'DATEr - none,
card - 2/2 '

rMwKCvj, Soso
'W~X"460 ~,- w
Abra.9f sistance or tool ateel under the effect of repeat-3d
shock loading in liquid media conditions. TrWy LPT no.234:83-
88 164. (.vJRA 17M)

YM4A,%COV, S-S-
Powder friction material for computer ccupUng d"oks. Trudy
LPI no. 251r82-86 165 (141RA 19a)

83276
5/109/60/005/009/026/026
AUTHORSt Dondarinko, B. V. , Yermak2jA..jA&- and TAarey, - B. M.
TITLAs Th*rnionic FroP*KLL4+f Alkali-Zarth metal,
Tantalates
PBRIODICALt Radiotekhnika i elektronika, 1960, Vol.5, No.9,
pp. 1553-1555
TEXTs This in a continuation of earlier work (Ref.1) in which
basic barium tantalate was found to have higher emission properties
than barium tungstate. A table of the 22 compounds studied in
given on P-1555. It is found that basic barium tantalate has
higher emissivity than basic barium tungstate but is less stable
thermally. Its limiting temperature is therefore 1500 aK, as
compar*d with 1700 to 18006K for the latter compound. There are
3 figur9o, 2 tablos and 3 Soviet referencen,
SUBMITTBD.4 April 1, 1960
Card 1/1

S/109/6,1/006/010/026/027
D201/D3*
AUTHORS: Bondarenkop B.V.p Yermakovp S.V.p and Tbarevp B.M.
TITLEt Thermo-electric properties of barium hafnates and
perrhenatee
PERIODICAL: Radiotekhnika i elektronika, v. 6, no. 10, 1961p
1773 - 1775
TEXT: In conjunction with the results of study of thermo-electric
properties of barium tantalates by B.V. Bondarenkog Ye.P. Ostap-
chenkoq~and B*M. Ts*V# (Ref. lt Eadiotekibika i elektronika,
19609 59 8t 1246) which were shown to be sMghtly belper than Those
of barium tungstanate# the authors give the results Wf their de-
terminog thermo-electric properties of barium hafnates of type
l(BaO)n (Hf02)/ with n : m = 2 : 1; 3 : 1; 5 1; 7 and of ba-
rium perrhenates (BaO)n (Re207)z with n : m 1 21 1; 3 : 1;
5 g 1; 7 : 12 The study of barium hafnates and rhenates with diffe-
rent content of barium oxide was required to d#termine the influen-
ce of barium oxide on the thermoelectric properties of complex oxi
Card 1/3 4/

29
By]'9 61/006/010/026/017
Thermo-electrio properties of D201YD302
des and to find the composition of oxides which would be stable in
vacuum at operating temperatures. A tungsten tape# cleaned by heat-
ing in vacuop was used as the bases The temperature-was being de-
termined by a tungsten iridium thermo-couple. The process of acti-
vation of cathode consisted of prolonged heating with the outflow
of emission currentq starting with the temperature corresponding
to a low emission 10-8 - 10-7 ampere2 and ending at the temperaiure
beyon,% which the emission started to fall due to the increases v,..)rk
functionepo After the activation has been finisheds the emission
was measured within a wide range of temperatures after increae-Jag
it and decreasing until a stable and reproducible emission current
was obtained. All analyzed substances had a minimum of the work
function, corresponding to that of a simple model of an n-type se-
miconductor. The thermoelectric properties of barium hafnates ard
rhpates as obtained in the experiment are given in tabulated 'L,---m.
The results obtained show that an compared with those of tungsiena-
tee and even tantelates of bariump the rhenateep and in particular
hafnates of barium have somewhat better emission properties. It Is
stated in conclusiong howevert that until the above substances c,tAl/
Card 2/3

Thermo-electric properties of ...
be recommended for use in thermal
tigations into their evaporating
have to be carried out. There are
bloc reference*
SUBMITTEDs June 15p 1960
29327
8/10 61/006/010/026/027
D20IS302
emission cathodes# further inves-
and thermal stability properties
1 tablej 2 figures and 1 Soviet-
0/
Card 3/3

~AUTHORS:
TITLE:
41a98
5/109/62/007/012/020/021
D271/D308
Bondarenko, B. V. and Yermako:v, S. V.
Thermionic properties of carbides.of metals belonging
to groups IV and V
Radiotekhnika i elektronikag v. 7, no. 129 1962,
2099-2101
TEXT: Measurements of thermionic emission of some metal carbides
are reported. Experimental diodes had cathodes of W tape with a
thin film of investigated carbide on one aide,and a thermocouple
on the other side, and Ta anodes. The effective work function was
determined from measured values of temperature and emission cur-
rent density. A linear dependence of work function on temperature
was found in the temperature range investigated. The following va-
-lues of the work function + S-TT eV are tabulated: TiCs
-4 TE0 -4
.3.46 + 2.10 T (1300 1150 K) and'3.6 + 1.10 T (1750 - 220001K),
'Card 1/2

&;/109/62/007/012/020/021
'Thermionic properties of ... D271/D308
ZrC: 3.24 + 2.10-4 T9 HfC: 3.42 + 1.75-10-4 T9 VC: 3.85, practically
invariable in the range of 1300 - 2100 0Kv NbC: 4.1 - 2.5-10- 4 T,
TaC: 3.98 - 1.5.10-4 T. Work function values at 3000K, 1400 0K and
20000K are also tabulated, as well as the carrier concentration at
20000K. The sign of the temperature coefficient of the work func-
tion depends on the character of doping ceniera; donor in metal
carbides of IV group and acceptor in V group, Zr and Nb carbides
are the most pro'~ising for use in thermionic cathodes. Current den-
sity of 3.6 A/cm was obtained for NbC at 20000K. There are 3 fi-
gures and 2 tables.
SbINITTED:
May 25, 1962
,Card 2/2

-44199
5/109/62/007/012/021/021
M71/D308
'AUTHOR3: Yermakov, S. V. and Toarev, Be Me
iTITLE% Thermionic emisoion..Qf silio-ides of metals belonging
to transitional groups of-the periodic system of elem-
ents
PERIODICAL: Radlotekhnika i elektronika, v. 7. no. 12, 19629
2102-2104
TEXT; Measurements of thermionic emission of disilicides of 8 me-
tals are reported and discussed. Silicides were placed on a W-tapeq
occupying a predetermined section, and a thermocouple was.welded to
the 'other side of the tape, The value of effective work function
~was determined from measurements of temperaturle and current denoity.
d
The following values of d in eV are tabulated: ReSIL2 -
d
-4.02 - 2.67,10-4 E 4
T (1200 19000K), WSJ 2 4.04 - 4.67*10-4
2 T (1200
TaSi 4.42 - 3.8-10-4
T (1400 - 1906'K),,:MoSi 4.02 -
2, 2
Card 1/2

S/109/62/007/012/02'1/021
Thermionic emission o4 D271/D308
.10.10-4 T (1100'- 18000K), NbSi t 4.34 - 5.25-10-4
5 2 T (1300 - 1700*
K)q ZeS12: 3.95 - 5.10-10-4 T (1200 - 19000K)q Ys12t 3.26 - 7.5.10-5
T (1100 - 16000K), Cr3i 3.49 - 5.8-10-5 (1200 - 14000K), Cr Si:
2.35 + 6-33-10-4 T (1100 1400'K), CrSi : 3.78 - 1.2.10-4 3
2 T (1200
14500K). Values of'the work function at 300 and 1400 K are also gi-
.,,ven. Some silicideB have displayed a fairly strong activation at
. the beginning of temperature proceseq but the work function notice-
~-ably rises above a certain temperatureq up to the limit of the tem-
perature range. Hb silicides have shown activation In the entire
ravage studied. V, Ta, Cr silicides remained in the state of stabi-.
lized activity. Formation of 310 film which evaporates at higher
2
temperatures is suggested as an explanation of-the observed varia-
~tions of activity. There are 2 fig4res.
.Card 2/2

-7.-
AP4009992
ACCESMON MR.
AUTHOR: Ternakow 41.1-1.
TITLZ: Thermionic emission of thuliwn henaboride
SOURCZ: Radiotakhmika I elektromika. Y. 9o no. 1, 1964, 180-ISI
TOPIC TAGS: electron ernission, tbarmionic andosim, tbodium. hexaboride,
therumcathode, thulium hexaboride endsmion.
ABSTRACT: As no data on the therndonic endasion of TwD6 was known te. the
author. this substance was tested for thermienic iinflssion* Measurevients were
made both In sealed tubes (at 10-1 torr or better) &M in a vacuum device with
continuous exhau*.-ton (at 10-r torr). Zkparimental'dats. on the effective work
function. at A6 acnC-1 degreo-A , &nd current density.for & W tape coated
with TMB6. &ad for c saps pro-cobled *" MV-~u. Qey at *Uh T&Gt for
tenveratures, 10100,01. Mx, are b&WWWd. :3k Wes fetod! *~" TaNd h" a
cmd 112

LAIMININ
sill. -L

L L,6976=�7 F-WT(.l)/EMP(e)/EWT(m)/EOIP(w)/EWP(l) ETJJ~111P(k JP(C JDIJGIAT
1)
0439, 1 t
:ACC HR: AM16361 SOURCE CODE: Ulp 1), b440
AUNOR: Twx&Mvg S, V.; Tearev, B. M.
17
IORG: none
I i
t/
ITITLE: Thermdonic esdasioo-of uranium dodecaboride
!SOURCE: AtowWa wargiyap v. 2D, no. 5P 1966, 439-440
;TOPIC TAGS: uraniwm compound,tungsten, thernionic emission, work function
A13STRACT: The thormiordo emission of uranium dodeca)tarldeiias measured by a pro-
described earlier (Radiotekhnika I eloktronika v. 7P 2099. 3.9622). The sub-
:strate was a tungsten ribbon, on which.a thin layer (30 -- 50 ) of a dense sus-
wpension of U 12 powder in metal alcohol was deposited. As in the case of hoxaboride
~of rare earth motqlsp UB12 reacts with the tungsteno causing the latter to curl,
and causing mot, -,Io uranium to be depoaited on the walls of the bulb. The work
,function was determined from the measurod values of tho temporature and current
~density and is found to satisfy the equation 2.89 + 2.3 x 10-4 T. Deviations from a':
'linear dependence# towards lower values of the work function, are observed at 1500
1900 K and are Probably due to the start of noticeablo rosotion betwoen UB12 and
Card 2/2, UDC:..621-03~-27~1546-791,-t.346-271

L 06 776-67
ACC NR: AP60183a
itho tungsten. The regign above 1900 Ic could not be investigated because the limit
;;Of the anode cumnt was reached. Attcmpts to cover the UB12 MM With irldi
Aer were also unsuccessful. Comparison with the data on UB4 and TJB~2 in e t
f~the deviation from linearity at high temporaturos-can be attributed to gradual
Arannformation of UB12 Into UB4 and then 'UB2. The authors tbank Yu. B. Paderno
iand G. V. Samson for supplying the sample of uranium dedecaborlde. Orig. art, has',
2 tj~ije o - band Iro -rw a a.
So% CODE: ia, SUBM.DATE: OlOct63/
OTH REF: 001
card 212

~- YW4AKOVv T&Oo
lloctrifl"tion of the FAst Siberian line. ZhelAorotraoop.
43 noo3:32-17 Mr 161o (141RA 14:3)
L Nachallnlk Vostoobno-Sibirokoy dorogly g. Irkutsk.
(Siborlagpat-Railroada--Eleotrification)

UsM/soll Science - Tillage- Aualioration. Erosion. i
Abe jour : Ref Zhur Diol., No l,, 1959P 1410
Author : Yermakov, V. -
4,3;1~
lust
Title : TreatrAnt of Alkaline Soils in Xurganskaym Oblast'
Orig Pub : S. khe Sibiri, 1958.s 110 1, 19-23
Abstract : No abstracti
Card 1/1

TMIAl". T.
S"mtorv which functlon withowt 'fallurs. Kast v4lo 3 no.6:22
Js 034. (MM ?:?)
1. Sadwasnik ugleabogatitellsay fobriki sh"ty No. 29 kombinata.
(coal minim machinery)

UMAW V
:k. Improving the safety valve. Avto transpo 39 no.5:51 My 161.
(Air brakes) (MBA .14:5)

Device for disman;Uing bearings. Avotmampe 40 no*7.-52 JI
162, (mm 15:8)
(Garaps-Equipment ad #Wplios)

V . ZVAROV,&,, T.;
DRUIN 9 V.; TvxAVv-l- u
BARANGVAV Ce; ihilibry-S.; SU iHul;-=
IGUMIVANEXI m.; m=l Ya.;
Esu llung~--kueil 238 22 i0mov
W56 thmugb irradiation of U .W'tb V156
[productiOR Of ~aj proportion) poluchemie Hd Pri
study of Some-0 its Obe4
obluchOuil U231, jou"i No j ijuabonia, ago n*kotorYkb kbimi- 1762.
,jV. Dubuav Wedilfte=Yi iu-t i"O"Wk" '001"'
ohaskikh evoiB (MIRA 1511)
13. pe (qrwdum) 0160A)
(M.ndelevivm)

YERMAX(YV, V.,, podpolkovnik
Rates of crossing can be increased. Tekh, i voc;,ruzb. rLo.3.52-53
Mr 064, (MIFa 17:8)

nE4ANDV p V.
Heator operating with various ftels, Pozb.delo 7 no#12:15 D
161. . (mm 14m)
1. Nachallnik pozharno-is 11noy stanteii., Nmenoyarsk.
(St-W44716te

KULIKOVp Do; VURKAKM Ve
'-.,
Use of tanks in fire extinction. Pozbodelo 9 no.10:18-19 0 163,
(MM 16:12)

BLWOVA'k H.; BRANDSHTHTR, I.; DRUIN,, V#; Y&RWOV, V4; ZVAIIOVIq To;
KMVANBKp M. (Krzywimak, M.); MALYO Ya-.THily, J.); -POLIKANOV, S.;
SU HUNG-Km
&-athemis of 256 Md as & result Of irradiating 230 u with
,12 Me ions and research on som of its chwdcal properties.
ftlemika 7 no.7/6465-471 162.
1 Ob"yedinennyy institut yaderAykh isslsdolraniy~ Dubna, Laborateriya
;;ZrmyM roaktaly.

L 7868-66
kc- CODES,
AUTHOR: 'r Ve (Colonel; klilt=7 p114 firstal"s; 0 attiedixuate air
mili so ances, a P. (Sa6two t Uoutenant 4*1o
ORG.- none
14
TITIE: Search for targets of opporbadty
SOUIM Aviatsiya i kosmonavtika, no. 7, 1965.:24-28
TOPIC TAGSt target recognition, &ir force tactic, ria mi4mame# boxbino
06 " :b4qd
tactic, target discrimdmt1cn,, target acquisition, oteZttlo~'*~'; lity
e dquilied in
ABSTRWTt In an article based on tactical training expirtenc~#
aviation units, two military experts discuss sweep and! destrpjt tech-
i niques. A search for targets of opportut,lity may be ei I.'C:ut(jf$ dither by
a linear or by a grid sweep mamu'ver, as necessitatz
.~4y thie tactical
situation. The two-iseater aircraft Is erior to the Ingle40eat aircrdt
slip
in this application since it has an increased search a miarge oior-
i lap zone (see Fig. On With the use of a Pdr ot t alluvIt (see Mg. 2).
Card L4

eta 9t
A
ef
h
h
Le*d p:dl ch
lilot
sector re
Z i6
lit IV view.
at 5
q4arc4
US
2
Search corridor
LS;
*in .3LQ tvo-,seater
Of
aircraft
search .
sector
gone
9
j; !Olp:c red
b :f 18
search corridOtl[
%arch.0~1cridpr
Fig. f tw
of a pair a

ACC. Nits
the tonditlohof6ir'co'nductinga,peskidiax*e,s-UUni.orefavo~16>le, ,mince
near the secondary-overlap sector there appiirs'4'tekl~4~`~6ve
sector. This occurs as a result of the au~ejrp~osltlloin u'poit" 41~ch dth;er of
ithe-. search sectors of the d the fo)l"ing aircrait*ad the zones
leading an
-the vAW tore,
J
Is tbd jnip- 'e' c'
The area W46 mu ted'
~troy
a target may be determined by the formula
where T is the time plotted from the moment the ta t
t =deteated to
the moment the bomber reaches this area, and V eed ~requlred
for the target to cover the distance, assuming that immedtately, after the
0
target's detection It enters into sector ca j
The probability P of a single crew detetting a ts~ Irget 6:lan w " de -
termined by the formula
P- I
I card

ACC NNS
where S is the area searched by the crew, hl' it; the:'tar t: denlilly per
0 fbio rats
area, K. is the target -camouflage Coefficient
owhich contrast with the landscaPe', and K. I for a t~arg4lvvhlc j m-
;not be distinguished from the landscape). If :it crews ar 'd adu hig the
search, each of which is observing the area,S, and the 'a not:
0
overlap, the probability of detecting a aft1gle target can 6xprqmsed
by
To Insure the effectiveness of the search, an optiznil!~oearoh area
per aircraft must be assigned. This can be determined ;r~%Dm t~elnomo-'
gram in Fig. 3, using
ab
number of i0tiair'craft
where N is the number of targets, Nb is the . I I I I I I
guided-missile batteries, a & b are the dixncnsion~i of the ope!.rationai
theater (frontal and in depth), and W is the: hit probO1UX'3!r'- Orlg- "-t. hast
6 figures. CAM Press, _413847
SO COW s 15.. 17 suBm D=t nmw
card