SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT BARABASH-NIKIFOROV, I. I. - BARABASHOV, N.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Release Decision: RIF
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• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 9, 2000
• Sequence Number: 11
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

BARABASH-NIKIFOROV, I.I.
Distribution of the lesser suslik (Utellus pygmeus
Pall.) in
the central Don Valley. Nauch. dokl. vys. shkoly,
biol. nauki
no.107-44 164. (IURA 17:4)
1. Rekcmendovana kafedroy zoologii pozvono6hnykh
Voronezhskogo
gosudarstvennogo universiteta.

BARABASH-INIKIFOROVO I.I.;,LAKOMKINA, O.A.; PETROVA,
G.P.
Prolonged keeping of a desman in a cage for
experimental
pw-poses. Zool. zhur. 43 no.1091572-1575 164.
(YJRA 17s12)
1. State University of Voronezh.

ASHC T, F.G. (Bakhmut, P.H.1; GUBINA, K.M. (Hubina,
DL14TANKO MA; MITA, S.M.; KARACIONTSAVA, L.S.; KON-
DRATtYZVA, V.I.; XORZACHWO, M.N.; LITVINOVA, N.M.
[Litvienova,
N.M.]; SCKOWVA, M.I.; STORONSKATA, O.Y. (StOTOn'31ka,
0.1.1;
TIBLINKINA, N.V.; TONKIKH, P., otv. za vyrvii1,E,; F.'.
CHEN-YOV, S., red.;
LIDUTSA, G. EXuritsa, H.1, tekhn.red.
[Economy of Drogobych Province; statistical collection]
Harodne
hospodarstvo Drohobytslkoi oblasti; statystychnyi
zbirnyk. Drohobych,
1958. 158 p. (MIRA 12:11)
1. Drogobych (Province) Statisticheakcy?upravlenlye. 2.
StatiBti-
cheskoye upravleaiya Drogobychskoy oblnsti (for all
except Tonkikh,
Marchankov, Kuritea).
(Drogobych Province--Statistics)

BARABASHEV, A.O._, insh.
Sealing of~tha joints of precast reinforced concrete
elements under
winter conditions. Prom. stroi. 42 no.4slS-21 165.
(MIRA 18s4)
1. Treat "Sibstallkonstruktsiya".

BARABASHEV M.-akadomik
Watery planet. Av.i kosm. 45 no.3:22-26 Mr 163. OURA 16:
3)
1. AN UkrSSR.
(Venus (Planet))

IbUURAS9W,Te.A.; TABUTIVA, V.A.
~p
Oscillations of a pendulum subjected to dry
friction. Izvovyse
ucheb.sav.; mat. no.5:48-57 '59- (KIRA 13:4)
1. Ural'skiy politekhnichaskiy institut
im.S.M.Kirova.
I (Differential equations) (Pendulum)

BARBASHIN, Ye.A. (Sverdlovsk)
Evaluation of the mean-square deviation form an
assigned
trajector7 [with summary in EnglishJ. Avtom. i
telem. 21
no-7:941-950 J1160* (MIRA 13:10)
(Trajectories)

L
913-66 ENT(l) GW
- F
. 4R- AR601522S SOURCE CODE:
AUTHOR -Barabashoy.. N. P.
266/6510001012/0061/0081
TITLE: Photometric characteristics of reflected light from the
visible surface
of Venus and the optical thickness of its atmospheric cover
SOURCE: Ref. zh. Astronomiya, Abs. 12.51.467
REF SOURCE: Vestn. Eharl kovsk. un-ta, ser. astron. vyp. 1, no.
4, 1965,
13-21
TOPIC TAGS: Venus atmosphere, Venus atmospheric cover, Venus
light
reflection, atmospheric thickness, Venus photometric
characteristic
ABSTRACT: Photographic observations made of Venus at phase
angles of 40, 90,
and 140* at the Eharl kov StaEte Universit Astronomical
Observator in 1932 w6re
used to determine the dispersion function f(i, 9,) of the
particles of the -anet' s
cloud cover. It was found that neither Eilerl s nor Lambert' s
laws, nol.
Schonberg' s index (for the Earth' s cloud cover) correspond to
the photometric
properties of the clouds covering Venus. Functions M, are not at
a maximum
Card 1 / 2 UDC: 523, 42

Obtaining radlochemically pure preparations of
radioactive
germanium. Zhur. neorg. khim 2 no.11:2689-2681 N 157.
(MIn 11: 3
l.Urallskly-Politekhnicheskiy institut im, S*M#
Kirova,
(Radiochemistry) (Germ'anium) '

BARABOSHKIN, A.N.; SMIRNOV, H.V.
Time necesoary to attain a steady state in
electrolysis with
a constant cu=ent intensity. Trudy
Inst.elektrokhim.UFAN
SM no.47-16 160. (MIRA 15:2)
i (salts)
' lectrolysio)
kE

S,/631/60/000/001/002/014
B101/B147
AUTHORS: Komarov, V.' Ye., Smirnov, M, V.,
Baraboshkin,--A-~--N--
TITLE: Equilibrium potentials of zirconium in a fused equimolar
mixture of sodium chloride and potassium chloride
SOURCE: Elektrokhimiya rasplavlennykh solevykh i tverdykh
elektrolitov, no. 1, 1960, 17-22
TEXT: Measurements were made at 687-9780C in an equimolar NaCl
+ KC1 melt
with o.16-6.8 % by weight of Zr in an argon atmosphere in order
to
determine the temperature coefficient of the equilibrium
potentials of Zr
with respect to the chlorine electrode and to clarify the
affect of
cations on this coefficient. The emf between Zr and Cl was
found to be
61 . 2-56o - 3.62-10-4T +- 0.005 v for 0.16 % by weight of Zr;
62 - 2.587 - 4.72-10-4 T t 0.002 v for 1.24 % by weight of Zr;
E3 - 2.6oo - 5.43-10-4 T � 0.003 v for 6,8 % by weight of Zr.
Taking into
account the thermo-emf between the carbon current lead to the
chlorine
Card 1/4

S/631/60/000/001/002/014
Equilibrium potentials of zirconium in... MOW
electrode and the molybdenum lead to the zirconium electrode,
the following
equilibrium potentials are obtained: E 1 ~ _2~552 + 3.45-10-
4T v;
E2 = -2- 579 + 4_55- 10- 4T v; E 3 = -2~592 + 5.26-10_4T v.
Owing to the
rpaction Zr4+ + Zr I'T- 2Zr +1t (1) the isothermal lines are
not linear-
melt e
At low Zr concentrations, the equilibrium constant of this
reaction is
(1 _X)2 44-
cLven by'K LZrj/x, where x - molar part of the Zr ions,
-1 2+
1- x = molar part of the Zr ions, and [Zrj - total
concentration of Zr,
The average valency of Zr at [Zr] - 5-83~10 -4 is
approximately 2, For
[Zrj = 2.46, 10-2 it is 2.36 at 10000K and 2.28 at 12000K.
Wo = -112.3 kcal/mole was found in an LiCl - KC1 melt, whereas
zr.~j '
112
6H0 amounts to -117.7 kcal/mole for the NaCl + KC1 me-Lt. This
ZrCl2 2+
difference is due to the interaction of Zr with chlorine ions
in th-~
Card 2/4

S/631/60/000/001/002/014
Equilibrium potentials of zirconium in... B100147
NaCl + KCI melt. It is concluded that 4Z, &H 0, and S0
cannot be
determined by extrapolating the data of ideal solutions for
melts unless
the cations of the solvent or the melt have no comparable
e/r ratios,
At low concentrations [Zrl-2, wherefrom one obtains Eo.
-2-55+ 6-7-10-4Tv.
This potential is more negative than in an LiCl + KCI melt.
E0 4+ = -2.62 + 6-7-10-4T v was calculated from the values
for x and
Zr/Zr 2
1 - x at LZrj - 2-46-10- . From these data one obtains
E0 2+ 4+ - -2.69 + 6.7-10-4T v. The dissociation voltage E
diss
Zr /Zr
amounts to 2.62 - 5.2-10-4T v, and the change &Z of the
isobaric
potential of the reaction Zr(,) + 2 C12(g) = Zr C14(melt) is
AZ -241700 +48T. The heat of formation of ZrCl 4 in the
melt is
Ari -242 kcal/mole. For solid ZrCl one obtains AH = -234-7
kcal/mole.
4 2
This difference is due to the heat of formation of the
complex ions ZrCl
6
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S/631/60/000/001/002/014
Equilibrium potentials of zirconium in... B101/B147
Assuming a latent heat of fusion of ZrCl4 equal to 9.0
kcal/mole, the
heat of formation of ZrCl 2- ions in the melt,is found to be
-16 kcal'mole.
6
A paper of I. S. Morozov, D. Ya~ Toptygin (Izv, AN SSSR, OKhN,
1920,
1959) is mentioned. There are 4 figures, 1 table, and 10
references;
6 Soviet and 4 non-Soviet. The four references to
English-language
publications read as follows: E. M. Larsen, J. J. Leddy, J.
Am., Chem
Soo., 18-, 5983, 1956; P. Gross, C. Hayman, D. L. Levi. Trans.
Farads Soo.,
~J, 1285~ 1957i A, A. Palko, A. D. Ryon, D- W. Kuhn, J. Phys.
Chem.. 62,
319, 1958; L. Jang, R. G. Hudson, Trans. Metallurg, Soo. AIME,
215,
589, 1959.
Card 4/4

S/63 60/000/001/006/014
B117YI3147
AUTHORS: Baraboshkin, A. N., Sazhnov, V. K.
TITLEt Behavior of vanadium-oxide - carbon anodes in
electrolySiB
of chloride melts
SOURCE- Elektrokhimiya rasplavlennykh solevykh i tverdykh
elektrolitov, no. 1, 1960, 43-47
TEXT: The dissolution of vanadium-oxide - carbon anodes in
chloride melts
was studied. Anodes were made of pure vanadium pentoxide mixed
with coaltar
in benzene medium. After benzene evaporation, cylindrical
electrodes were
molded from the dry mixture at 1.0 - 1.5 tons/cm 2 pressure..
They were
annealed below a carbon layer, the annealing temperature being
slowly
(1000/hr) raised to 800'C. Vanadiun pentoxide was reduced to
trioxide.
The carbon content of the individual batches varied between
12.5 and 29.8;AD
2
and their weight by volume varied between 1.6 and 2.1 9/cm .
The
electrolysis of oxide - carbon anodes was studied in a pyrex
glass vessel
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3/631/60/000/001/006/014
Behavior of vanadium-oxide - carbon B117/B147
at 680+100C. An equimolar mixture of sodium and potassium
chlorides was
used as electrolyte. Pure nitrogen was passed through the
apparatus, and
thus an inert medium for transferring the anodic gases was
obtained. At
the beginning of electrolysis dissolution took place with
formation of
V3+ ions only, Tetravalent vanadium seems to form as soon as
the anode
potential approaches the potential of chlorine separation..
This corresponds
to data by Laitinen (Ref. 12, see below). Summary: It was
shown that
oxide - carbon anodes during electrolysis dissolved in the
chloride melt to
3+ 4+
form V and V ions, i. e., ions without oxygen. The electrolytes
obtained can be used for producing metallic vanadium. The
authors obtained a
vanadium - lead alloy (64A V) by means of electrolysis, The
deposit showed
a widely ramified, steel-gray, dendritic structure. The
laboratoriya
elektrokhimii Urallskogo filial AN SSSR (Laboratory of
Electrochemistry of
the Ural Branch AS USSR) is mentioned, where the behavior of
thorium,
beryllium, titanium, and calcium-oxide - carbon anodes during
electrolysis
of chloride melts was studied in detail, There are 2 figures,
2 tables,
and 12 referencest 9 Soviet and 3 non-Soviet. The reference to
the English-
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S/631/60/000/001/006/014
Behavior of vanadium-oxide - carbon ... B110147
language publication reads as follows: Ref. 12: H. A.
Laitinen, J. W.
Pankey. J. Am. Chem, Soc., 81, 10531 1959-
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b o5
8 869
S/02 60/133/02/45/068
,5-11600 B004PBO64
AUTHORS: Smirnov, M. V., Komarovq V. Ye., Baraboshkin, A. N.
-0
TITLE: Equilibrium ',otentials of Zirconium in Mixed Fluoride -
Chloride Melts
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1960, Vol. 133, No. 2,
pp. 409 - 412
TEXT: The authors carried out their investigations in
equivalent mix-
tures from KC1 + NaCl under addition of different amounts of
fluorides
at 700 - 9500C. The melt was produced from chemically pure
salts, the
zirconium being introduced by means of anodic dissolution of
its iodide
into the melt directly in the test cell (Fig. 1). Argon served
as pro-
teotive atmosphere. The potentials of Melts 0.17 up to 1.05 wt%
Zr and
up to 15.82 wt% F were measured. The molar ratio of
concentration
[i]/Lzrl was varied between 9 and 75. The experiments showed
that the
potential of Zr is more strongly influenced by the
concentration of
fluorine than by its own concentration. A reaction equation is
written
down for the formation of the zirconium - fluoride complexes,
in which
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81869
Equilibrium Potentials of Zirconium in Mixed
S/020/60/133/02/45/068
Fluoride - Chloride Melts B004/BO64
the number of Ir ions that are bound to Zr ae complexes is
designated
with m, the avarage valency of Zr with n. The equation
E - const - 1.984-10-4T log [F-j is set up for the
dependence of the
potential on the concentration of the free fluorine ions.
It was check-
ed at 770OC9 variation of the fluorine content of 2.04 to
15-82 wt%
and constant Zr concentration of 1-05 + 0.2 wt%. The
graphical re-
presentation of the experimental data TFig. 2) yields for
m - 6,5,4
straight line, for which emfirical equations are written
down. The
change of m and n is discussed and the following found;
4,>,n~>295-
Formation of different ions at [F]/[Zr] > 10 and [F] 10.
Fig. 3
shows the results of experiments at temperatures of from
500 to
MOOK for five melts with [Fj/[Z~] from 45 to 9, for which
also em-
pirical equations were written down. Assuming that in the
case of
10 - 15 wt% Zr the fluoride - chloride melts behave in a
similar way
as if thorium. were added (Ref- 3), the equation is
written down for
the equilibrium potential. In the case of an excessive
quantity of
fluorine 75 > /LZ:r]> 10 as occurs in the practical
electrolysis of
fluorine ziroo te, it holds that 4 > n > 3 and 6 > m> 4.
For approximative
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81869
Equilibrium Potentials of Zirconium in Mixed
S/020/60/133/02/45/068
Fluoride - Chloride Melts B0041BO64
oalculations it is possible to assume m - 5 and n - 3.2.
There are
3 figures and 9 references: 8 Soviet and 1 American.
ASSOCIATION: Inatitut elektrokhimii Ural'skogo filiala
Akademii
nauk SSSR (Institute of Electroohemistrz of the Ural
Branch of the Academy of Sciences, USSR)
PRESENTED: January 28, 196o, by A. N. Frumkin, Academician
SUBMITTED: January 28, 1960
Card 3/3

S/137/6P,/OO0/OO9/0OZ/O33
AOO6/A101
AUTHORS: Smirnov, M. V... Komarov,-V. Ye., Baraboshkin, A. N.
TITLE: Equilibr between hafnium metal and NaCl-KCI melts
containing its
ions
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, ho. 91 1962, k
abstract 9A4O*
("Tr. In-ta elektrokhimii; Urallskiy'fil.,AN SSSR", 1961,.no. 2,
9 - 17)
TEXT; The emf method was used to study the equilibrium between Hf
metal..--
and a molten equimolar NaCl-KC1 mixture, containing 0.16 , 0'.76
and 1.51 weight
% Hf. Emf was measured in respect to the chlorine bomoarison
electrode in a
thermostated cell with chlorine and hafnium electrodes in a range
from 692 -
9540C. It was established that~.the experimental points were
satisfactorily ~o-
cated on the straight 1 nes, corresponding to empirical equatigns:
El 2.572 - 3.75 - 10- T + 0.002 b; E2 - 2.598 - 4.47 - 10-4 T �
0.005 b;
E 2.617 - 4.84 .~io-4
T~+ 0.005 b. Isotherms of Hf electrode potentials,
3
represented in the coordinates ion-fractional concentrations on a
logarithmic
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S/137/62/0()0/009/002/033
Equilibrium b6tween hafnium metal and.:. A006/A1O1
scale versus equilibriun Hf potentials, are not straight lines.
The bending of
isotherms is caused by the presence of ions of different valences
in the com-
mensurable quantities. The magnitude of mean Hf valence in the
electrolyte at
different concentrations is determined from the inclination of
tangents to the
isotherms. Equations are found,for the temperature dependence of
equilibrium
constants of the reaction Hf + and standard values of elec-
trode potentials- tMelt) + Hf Zlf~melt)
19 K = -0-329 2820 T,
0 4 0 4
B~f/Hf2+ 2.51 + 6.3 - 10- Tb; 2.65 + 6.2 * 10- Th;
0 2.79 + 6.0 - 10-4
'
Tif2+/Hf4+ = - Tb. The authors calculated changes in the iso-
baric potential LIIz at reactions of Hfr"4 and HfCl2 formation
and HfCl4 reduction
in HfCl2 by hafnium metal.
Hf(solid) + 2C12(gas) - HfC14(melt);
z~,z = - 245,000 + 55.0 T cal/mole
Hf(solid) + C12(gas) - Hf'C'2(melt);
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S/137/6Z/bM/009/902/033
Equilibrium between hafnium metal and... A006/AI01
nz 116,000 + 27.7 T cal/mole
Hf(solid) + HfC'4(melt) - 2HfC12(melt);
,!~Z,= 13,000 + o.4o.T cal/mole
G. Frents
(Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
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S/137/62/000/008/010/065
Aoo6/Aloi
AUTHORS: Smirnov, M. V., Komarov, V. Ye., Baraboshkin, A. N.
TITLE: Behavior of zirconium and hafnium during fused salt
electrolysis
PERIODICAL: Beferativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, no.*8,.1962, 26,
abstract 80186
("Tr. In-ta elektrokhimii, Ural'skiy fil..AN SSSR", 1961, no. 2,
23 - 28)
TEXT: During Zr deposition from fluoride-chloride melts (e.g. in
K2ZrF6
elVctrolysis in a NaCl-KCI melt) Zr and.Hf separation Is
thermoqnam'cally pos-
sible; Hf remains in the electrolyte. In such a manner, if
[Hfj/[Zr] = 10-2 and
at 7000C, cathodic Zr is impoverished of Hf by a factor of 20,
and ai 65oOc by a
factor of 70. To assure maximum Hf and Zr separation, possible
at the given tem-
perature, electrolysis should be conducted in such a way that
the ratio of lif and
Zr concentration near the cathode should remain the closest
possible to their re-
lationship in the electrolyte volume. According to the
difference of oxidizing-
reducing potentials, a dependence was established of the degree
of Hf reduction
on the degree of Zr reduction in chloride melts.
[Abstracter's note: Comple .te translation] G. Svodtseva
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0824
S/631161/000/002/005/013
1003/1203
AUTHORS, Smirnov, M, V., Bara Min, A. N., Saltykova, N. A., and
Komarov, V.. Ye
SOURCE: Akademiya nauk SSSR. Ural'skiy filial. Institut
elektrokhimii. Trudy, no 2. 1961,
Elektrohimiya rasplavlennykb solevykh i tverdykh clektrolitov.
63-69
TITwE Cathodic processes during deposition of hafnium from
chloride and hloride-tluoridc
fused salts
TEXT: There are no pabli2hed data on the electrode processes of
the electrolysis of fused salts ContUMITIg
hafnium. The cathodic polarization of molybdenum and tungsten
in chloride and and chloride-fluorlde.
fused saits containing hafnium was invastigated by measuring
their electrode potentials against a chlorine
reference electrode. Current densifies wcrefroM 10-4 to 2
amp/cm2 and the temperature range from 700 to
900'C. Hafhium was introduced into the fused salts by addition
of hafnium tetrachloride or by anadi("., dis-
solution of the pure metal in the bath. The presence of
fluorine ions in fused chloride salts decrews tbr-
deposition potentials of hafnium and decreases the
concentration polarization, particularly when the F[HI
molar ratio is 6, There are 5 figures.
Card III

8/030/61/000/004/012/015
B105 B206
AUTHORS: BRrab of Technical Sciences
oshkin,-A. N., Candidate
Met Candidate of Teohnioal Sciences
TITLE: Physical Chemistry of Molten Salts and Slags
PERIODICAL: Vestnik Akademii nauk SSSR, no. 4, 1961, 122-123
TEXT: The Vsesoyuztioye soveshchaniye po fizicheskoy khimii
rasplavlennykh
soley i shlakov (All-Union Conference on Phyaical,Chemistry of
Molten Salts
land Slags) was convened by the Otdeleniye khimicheskikh nauk
(Department of
Chemical Sciences) and the Institut elektrokhimii Urallskogo
filiala Akade-''-
mii nauk SSSR (Institute of Electrochemistry of the Ural Branch,
Academy of
Sciences USSR) in order to coordinaie research in'the field of
molten salts
and metallurgical slags. The Conference was held in Sverdlovsk
from November
22 to 25, 1960, and was attended by about 400 delegates from 72
scientific
organizations of the Soviet Union. In the Section for Molten
Salts, main
attention was paid to problems of structure and thermodynamics of
melts, the
investigation of their physicochemical properties, of the
equilibrium in the
system metal - salt, and of electrode processes. Reports by M. F.
Lant-ptov,
A. F. AlabyBhev, A. G. Morachevskiy, Me V. Smirnov, and N. Ya.
Chukreyev
dealt with the investigation results of complex.formation in
molten salts.
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S/030/61/000/004/012/015
Physical Chemistry B105/B206
M. V. Smirnov, N. Ya. Chukreyev, and V. Ye. Komarov established
by the emf
method that the solutions of molten salts are subject to Henryts
law in the
field of low concentrations. Reports by N. K. Voskresenskaya, I.
D. Sokolovs,
Ye. L. Krivovyazov, R. V. Chernov, Yu, K. Delimarskiy, and B. F.
Markov
explained the idea of the conformance between the structure of
salts and their/
mixtures in solid and molten state. A. I. Belyayev elaborated a
new method
for the investigation of melts which is based on measuring the
absorption
of r-radiation of radioactive substances. Reports dealing with the
investigation of the states of equilibrium in the system metal -
salt (A. P.
Palkin, L. N. Antipin, S. F. Vazhenin, M. V. Smirnov, and N. A.
Loginov)
showed that the formation of ions of low valency is the main
cause of the
solving of metals in melts. By means of the emf method, M. V.
Smirnov, V. Ye-
Komarov, and N. Ya. Chukreyev determined the temperature
dependenc- of the eqixi-
librium constants betueE- the metals zirconium, hafnium,
beryllium, and their ions
of low and higher valency in chloride melts. M- '" Smi-nnv, A. N.
HA.raboshkin, Yu. K. Delimarakiv, B. I. Skirstymonskaya, and M.
.'. T.an+--+-,-
showed that the electrode reaction is controlled under usual
conditions by
the diffusion in the salt- and metal phases, rpapectively. Ye. A.
Ukshe,
N. G. Bukun, and D. 1. Leykis mentioned measurement renults of
diffusion
coefficients of ions in chloride meltB.
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S/030/61/000/004/012/015
Physical Chemistry ... B105/B206
V. P. Mashovets and I. M. Yegorov discovered a noticeable
activation poly-
merization during the discharge of oxygen-containing ions
on graphite.
0. V. Travin and L. A. Shvarzman studied conditions of
equilibrium distribu-
tion of elements of the 5th and 6th group of the periodic
system (Nb, Mo, W)
between molten iron and slags of simple,composition as.well
as problems of
metal refining by means of solid admixtures'. Yu. P.
Nikitin gave an evalua-
tion of the rate of the transition reaction of Pe2+ from
metal into slag~
V. I. Malkin-an~lyzed the structure of,molten slags and
pointed out that the
acid-basic properties of silicate-melts may be described by
the theory of
sorbening6. Questions of the structure of molten oxidized
melts were
mentioned.in the discussion, the majority of the studies
showing that the
het'eropolar bond is predominant in molten slags. In Its
resolution, the
Conference,pointed out the insufficient development of
studies on the'
moleCUlar-Btatistical theory of ionic melting,.the
slow-introduction 6f'new
physical research methods of structures of the malt. The
necessity of
intensifying studies of thermodynamic properties of molter.
mixtures and the
states of equilibrium of metal melting is pointed out. It
wa~ also reoom-
mended to pay greater attention to the systems with low
melting tempera-
tures, and the study.of kinetics and mechanism of electrode
reactions,
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3/030t6i/000/004/012/015 I
Physical Chemistry ... B105/B206 j
~Spe-cially tht 6lectrode crystallization of metals.
Finally-, the proposi-
tion was accepted to hold such conferencesregularly and to
start a clear
coordination of scientific investigation in the field of
melts.
Card 4/4

KMAROV, V.Ye.; SMIRNOV, M.V.; JLA~~~
Anodic solution of zirconium and hafnium In fused
salts. Trudy
Inot. elektrokhim. UFAN SSSR no.3:25-39 162, (MMA
16:6)
(zirconium) (Haftium)
(FuseV salts--Electric properties)

BARABOSHKIN, A.N.; SALMOVA, N.A.
Shape of the switching-off curves in
concentration polariza-
tion. Trudy Inst. alektrokhim. UFAN SSSR
no.3:49-57 162.
(MIRA 16:6)
Pblarization(Blectricity))
Electrnm tive force)
~

43055

5/826/62/000/000/005/007
D408/D~07

AUTIIORSs
Baraboshkinj_A_J.t Komarov, V.Ye.
Smirnov, M.V.,

_
and Saltykova, N.A.
TITLEs
Cathodic and anodic processes
during the

electrolysis of chloride and fluoride-

chloride
containing zirconium and hafnium.
SOURCEt
Fizicheakaya.
khimiya rasplavlennykh soley i

shlakov; trudy Vaes.
soveshch. po fiz.khimii

raspl. solp.y 1, shlakov, 22 - 25
noyabrya 1960

g., Moscow, Metallurgizdat, 1962, 257 - 265
TEXT: A continuation of previous investigations of
electrode processes during the electrolysis of chloride and
fluoride-chloride melts containing other polyvalent
transition
metals. Anodic and cathodic polarization curves were
obtained
by measuring the electrode potentials at the moment of
switching
on the polarizing current. Polarization curves are
presented for
e.g. the anodic solution of Zr and Hf in molten equimolar
mixtures
rard 1/5

8/826/62/0001/000/005/007
cathodic and anodic processes ... i)408/D307
of MCI and KC1 at 600 0C, for an Mo cathode in NaCl--KCI
melts
to which a) specific amounts of ZrC14 (2.5 wt.%) or HfC14
(3.6
wt.%) were added, at 8000C, and b) 0.9 wt.% Zr was
introduced
by anodic solution of the metal, at 900, 800, and 7000C,
and for
an No cathode in fluoride-chloride melts (at 8000C)
prepared from
li'aCl--KC1 melts by a) the addition of 2.6 wt.% K2ZrF6 or
3.7 wt.%
X2HfF6 and b) the introduction of 0.95 wt.% Zr by anodic
solution
of the metal and the addition of sufficient NaF to give
molar ratios
)~Fj / !Zr.1 - 0, 2, 6. 16 and 22 in the melts. The anode
potentials
increased continuously with increasing in current density
(i) from
ju-4 to 10 a/cm2, indicating that the concentration of Zr
ions
close to the electrode continuously increased are insoluble
Zr
chlorides were not formed. Below 3 x 10-3 a/cm2
concentration
polarization was practically absent because the
electrolysis current
was lower than the self-solution (corrosion) current. In
the range
3 x 10-3-1 a/cM2 the plots of electrode potential v. log i
were
nearly linear, but above 1 a/cm2 the curves deviate from
linearity,
owing mainly to the increase in metal ion concentration at
the
electrode surface and consequent increase in activity
coefficient,
Card 2/5

3/826/62/000/000/005/007
Cathodic and anodic processes D408/D307
but partly to change in the diffusion coefficient of the
ions in
the hif;h concentration region and, thus, to change in
the thicknebs
of the diffusion layer. The anodic polarization curves
shift to the
side of more positive potentials with increase in
temperature, but
the general character of the dependence ot the anodic
potential on
current density does not change substantially. The
following expres-
sion was derived for the average valency of the metal
ions'passing
into solution at potential ,y I
Y = E0 + 0.992 x 10-4 106 n-2 (5)
Ne 4+/Me 2+ _n
where kle--metal; n--average valency of the metal ions w
4 - 2x;
x--proportion of Me2+ . At low i the ex
,perimentally found average
Hf ion valencies, were lower than those calculated from
Eq. (5);
at high current densities the experimental results were
higher than
the calculated ones. The cathodic polarization of Zr and
Hf has the
same character as that of Th and Ti but, in contrast to
the latter
Card 3/5

6/826j62/000/000/005/007
Cathodic and anodic processes ... D408/D307
metals, Zr and especially Hf begin to discharge when the
concen-
trations of M24 and M4+ are comparable. For Zr at 8000 EO
- - 2.00v, somewhat more positive than the potential at
zr4+/Zr2+
which the metal is liberated, and the charge exchange, of
higher
to lower ion valencies, was clearly indicated by an
inflection
on the polarization curve; For Hf at BOOOC Eo 11f4+/11f2+
- -2.14v,
more negative than the potential at which the metal is
liberated,
the charge exchangq inflection merges with the metal
liberation
inflection. Folarization curves for the melts in which Zr
was intro-
duced by anodic solution of the metal at different
temperatures
showed that even at low i the potential of the Mo cathode
was
close to that at which the metal was liberated. In
chloride and
fluoride-chloride melts, liberation of the metals at the
cathodes
preceded residual currents which were mainly explained by
charge ex-
change and discharge of impurity ions. Liberation of the
metals
was accompanied by strong concentration polarization, due
mainly to
accumulation of free fluoride ions in the vicinity of the
cathode.
The otential at wAich zirconium was liberated depended on
the
I.F] T_Zr"I ratio. There are 6 figures.
Card 4/5

I
I
6 '626/62/000/000/005/007
Cathodic and anodic processes ... ~108/D307
ASSOCIATIONs Institut elektrokhimii UFAR (Institute of
Electrochemistry UFAS)
,y
Card 5/5

h3o56
S/826/62/000/000/007/007
D408/D307
AUTHORSs Smirnov, M.Y., Komarov, V.Ye., and
Baraboahkin, AJ
--------------
TITLE: The equilibrium potentials of hafnium and
zirconium in chloride and fluoride-chloride
melts
SOURCE: Fizicheskaya khimiya T&Bplavlennykh soley i
shlakov; trudy Vses. soveshch. po fiz. khimii
raspl. soley i shlakov, 22 - 25 noya brya 1960
g. Moscow, Metallurgizdat, 1962, 353 - 360
TEXT: The above potentiale.were measured in equimolar
1~aCl--KCI melts containing a) 0.16 - 6.8 wt.% Zr, or 0.16
-1-51-
wt.% Hf and b) 2 - 35 wt.% NaF and 0-17 - 1-05 wt.% Zr, or
o.99 - 3.4 wt.% Hf, between 700 and 9500C, to explain
processes
occurring during the electrolysis of chloride melts
containing
Zr and Hf, to calculate the thermodynamic quantities 6Z j\
Hj
and & S for the formation of MeC12 and MeC14 (Me--Zr of Hf)
from their elements in melts of specific composition, and
to
Card 1/3

I S/826/62/000/000/007/007
The equilibrium potentials ... D4oa/D307
obtain quantitative data',concerning the fortation
of complexes
in molten salts. The prbrortione of Me2+ and Me4+
at any spe-
cific metal concentration CMej were determined
from the slopes
of the isotherms of th4 6quilibrium potentials at
1000, 1100,
and 12000K, and were u6ed'to calculate the
standard oxidation
Potentials as a functidn'of temperature.
Comparison of the lat-
ter showed that the ease of reducibility both of
the dichlorides
and of the tetrachlorides to the metals was
similar for Zr and
Hf in NaC!--KCI melts at 700 - 9000C, so that
cathodic deposi-
tion of Zr from the melts is not an effective
process for se-
parating the two metals. On the other hand, ZrC14
reduces more
easily to the dichloride than does HfCl4; at 7000C
reduction of
50% ZrCl4 to ZrCI 2 is matched by t .he reduction
of only 3-7%
HfG14 to HfCI . With decreasing temperature
disproportionation
of the dichloriges to tetrachlorides and free
metals occurs more
easily for Hf than for Zr. The Zr and Hf
equilibrium potentials
in fluoride-chl6ride are more negative than in pu
re-ch oride
melts, owing to the formation of complexes jjeF M
(n M where
Card 2/3

S/826/62/000/000/007/007
The equilibrium potentials ... D408/D307
0
n is the averqge valency of the Zr ions. At 770 C in
electrolytes
containing 2.04 - 15.82 wt.% F and 1.05 � 0.2 wt.% Zr, the
average
Zr valency was 4 ---- n 3.23, when m decreased from 6 to 5.
The equi-.
librium potential of Hf was found to be more negative than
that of
Zr in melts containing the same concentrations of Me and
Fions, the
difference in potential decreasing with increasing
temperature.
HfF2- was shown-to be slightly moxestable than ZrF2- .
There are
3 f~gureB. 6
ASSOCIATIONt Institut elektrokhimii UFAV (Institute of
Electro-
chemistry UFAS)
Card 3/3

SALTYROVA, N.A.; BARABOSH.YIN,,,A,,N.
M
.1masurownt of pola-rization in the cathodic
isolation and
anodic dissolution of copper in molten copper
chloride.
Trudy Inst-,olektro1zhim. ITFAN SSSR no. 4Y35-39
163~ (MIRA 1'7~6)

S)URNOV) M.V. (Syerdlovsk); PAftABPSHKIN, A.N.
(Syerdlovsk); KOMAROV, V.Ye.
(3vardlovsk)
Cathodic processes in the deposition of airconiim from
chloride
malts. Zhur.fiz.khin. 37 no.8tl669-1676 Ag 163. (HIRA
16:9)
1
.L. Institut elektrokhimii Urallskogo filiala AN SSSR.
(Zirconium plating) (Fused salts)

SMIRNOVV M-.V. (Sverdlovsk); BARABOSHKIN,.A.N.
(Sverdlovsk); KOMAROV, V.ye.
(Sverdlovsk)
Cathodic processes in the deposition of zirconium from
mixed chloride-
fluoride melts. Zhur.fiz.khim. 37 no.8-.1677-1681 Ag 163.
(KRA 16:9)
(Zirconium plating) (Fused salts)

BARABOSHKIN, A.N.; KOSIKHIN, L.T.; SALTYKOVA, N.A.
Formation of crystal nuclei in the electrolysis of
fused salts.
Part 1: Deposition of silver from nitrate melts.
Trudy Inst.
elektrokhim. UFAN SSSR no-5:89-100 164.
(MIR-A 18:2)

SALTYKOVA, N.A.;,-,-BARABOSHKIN, A.N.
Electrocrysta-IlizatIon of copper from chloride
melts. Trudy
Inst. elektrokhim. UFAN SSSR no-5:101-110 164.
(1-'JPA 18:2)

,44RABQSHKIN,,~.N.; KOSIKHIN, L.T.j SALTYKOVA, N.A.
Crystallization overvoltagge in the -'ectrolysis of
fused salts.
Dokl. AN SSSR 155 no- 4.880-882 4-164. (MIRA 17:5)
1. Institut elektrokhimii Urallskogo filiala AN
SSSR. Predstavleno
akademikom A.N.Frumkinym.

J D*#/J 0
2450-66 _jW(pj)jEPAT jijt2 PIC
ACCESSION NR: AP5022013 UR/0286/651000/014/0081/00
669.296.4M~':--'~-'
AUTHOR: Baraboshkin, A.-N.-i Lebedeva, K. P., Saltykova A.;
Perevozkin, V.~K.
TITLE: -Method for ele tro~ytic refining of zirconium in a fused
chloride bath.
Class 40. No. 173010 Vb
SOURCE: Byulleten' izobreteniy i tovarnykh znakov, no. 14, 1965, 81
TOPIC TAGS: zirconium, zirconium refining, electrolytic refining
ABSTRACT: This Author Certificate'introduces a method for
electrolytic refining of
zirconium in a fused chloride electrolyte containing low-valence
zirconium ions. To
obtain coarse grained-zirconium cathode deposits, the electrolyte,
prior to electrolys
is held in contact with metallic.zirconium at the temperature of
electrolysis until
r~a valence ratio approaching the equilibrium with metallic
zirconium is reached. [AZ]
ASSOCIATION: Inatitut elektrokhimii Uxal'skogo filiala AN SSSR
(Institute of
Electrochemistry,.Ukal Branch,_AN SSc.R)_
--- -------

i --.~
!
I
I
;- I
I I9VK
I - i-cari 2

BARABOSHKIN, A.N.; KOSThHIII, L.T.; SAMKOVA, III.A.
Exchange currents in pure molten si2ver nitrate.
DokI. Ali' SSSR
160 n0-1:145-148 Ja 165. (1,11-RAP 18-2)
1. 1nstitut elektrokhimii Urallskogo filiala AN
SSSR. SSubm-IT-,ed
July 2, 1964.

L 38374-66 E11J(m)/TWP ( t)/ETI IJP(c) '1Ci1/JD/Jq/JXT(CZ)
ACC NRs AT6021368 SOURCE CODEs UR/2631/65/000/007/0059/0067
AUTHOR: -Baraboahking A. N.; lebedevaj, K. P.
a-
ORG: none
TITIE1 Effect of electro:kysis conditions on the structure of
zirconium
Part 31 Role of the valence state of zirconium in the malt
*~N
SOURCE:
SSSR. Urallskir filial. Institut__ej~Ktrokhimii. Trudyp no. 7,
1965.
Elektrok~~ya ~r7aij3lav-i-ehriykh el~~iilii_ov; termodinamika i
kinetika, elektrodnykh protsessov (Electrochemistry of fused
salts and solid electro-
lytes; thermodynamics and kinetics of electrode processes)s
59-67
TOPIC TAGSt eleetro3,ytio depositions, zirconium
ABSTRACT: The main purpose of the study was to determine the
nature of change in
the cathodic deposit of zirconium and primarily in its grain
size with changing
average valence of zirconium ions in a chloride malt.
lbeelectrolysis was carried
out at a constant concentration ratio of the upper to the lower
valence formal and
theelectrolyte,was an equimolar mixture of sodium and
Dotassium, chlorides3, to which
ZrC14 was added. The current efficiency was determine-d from
the weight of the deposil
Microscopic analysis established the shape of the orystalap and
their size distribu-
tion was determined by sieve analysis. The principal*factor
determining the structurq
and coarseness of the deposits was found to be the average
valence of the zirconium
deposits.
211
Card

ACC NRi AT6021368
C
ions in the melt. It is shown that the growth of cathodic
deposits in melts with
different ratios of the valence forms takes place at different
effective current
densities which exceed only slightly the limiting current
densities at which the
tetravalent ions are converted to divalent ones. In the
electrolysis of melts close
in composition to melts in equilibrium with the metal, a
decrease of the inithl
current density and an increase of the zirconium ion
concentration in the electrolyte
causes a coarsening of the crystals in the cathodic deposit.
Orig. art. has$ 5
figures., 2 table9j, and 14 formulas.
SUB COM 07/ SUBM :,ATF-I 23Aug65/ MM RUI 010/ OTH REF: 003

MATVEYEV, G.I.;.BARABASHKIN, I.I.
Jet bit for geological exploration drilling. Mash. i neft'.
obor. no.1:5-11 163. (MA 17:1)
1. TSentrallnoya konstruktorskays byuro Minis-Lerstva geolo-
gii i okhrany nedr SSSR.

TRUMN., V.S.; BAWASHKIN, I.I.
Introduction of small-diameter core bit rollers.
Biul.tekh-pekan.
inform. Goa. nauch.-iesl. inst. nauch.i tekhlnfom. 17
no.11:19-24
N 164. (MIRA 18:3)

BARABAqRQNj_I.I.; VOLCHKOV, V.T.; RAZHEV, S.M.
Testing pin roller bits used in prospecting. Razved.i
okh.nedr.
28 no.11:26-30 N 162. (mrn 15:12)
1. TSentrallnoye konstruktorekoye byuro Ministeretva
geologii i
okhrany nedr SSSR.
(Boring machinery-Testing)

~ "W' ~Vx.
BARABASHKIN,'M.Ya,,, red.; SIMOVI, H.V., red.izdatel'stva;
KRYNOCH.XINA,K.T.,
tekhn.red.
[I~rdrogeological studies on problems of water supply for
agriculture
in the Ural Mountains and the trans-Ural region]
Gidrogeologicheskiy
sbornik po voprosam vodosnab%heniia sel'skogo khoziaistva v
raionakh
Urala i Zaurallia. Moskva, Goo 'naiuchno-tekhnAzd-vo lit-ry
po geol.
i okhrane nedr, 1956. (MIRA 10:1Z)
158 P.
1. Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Urallskdye geologicheskoye
upravleniye.
(Ural Mountain region--Water 6UPDly, Rural)

BARARASIMIJ,~~I~rPavlcvich; RYKOVp N.A., red.
izd-va.; XINSKER,
L.I., tekhn. red.; MAKSIMOVA, V.V.,, tekhn. red.
[Hammer and rotary crushers; construction,
design, installa-
tion, and exploitation] Molatkovye i rotornye
drobilki; kon-
struktsii, raschet, montash i ekspluatataiia.
Moskva, Gos-
gortekhizdat, 1963. 130 p. (MiRA 16:7)
(Crushing machinery)

BARABASHKIUA, A.P. ---,,-;~
Frequency of baric formations in the central months of
the
seasons of 1954-1958'in the.-Northern Hemisphere
(north of
20-300 11.). Trudy NIIAK no.1'90_51 162. (MIRA 17:1)

BARABASHKINA,~,_4.~.; INSKOVA, Ye.A.
-. ~'. ~ . .,.. - -, I -
~tuaying typhoons blowing into the Sea of Japan and the
Maritime
Territory. Trudy Dallnevost. NIGNI no.3:3-32 1 58.
i (MIRA 11:12)
(Japan, Sea of--Typhoons) (Maritime Territory--Typboons)

BAFJBASMKA, A.P.; LESKIDVA, YO.A.
- ----------------------------
Natural synoptic periods In Eastern Siboria and the Far last.
Trr.kv Dallnevost. NIGM no.3:33-46 1 58. 041RA 11:12)
(Siberia, Bastern-Weather research)
(Soviet Far East-Weather research)
% 4;.

I-RARABAR IN&!, A.P.
Warm and cold summer seasons in the Maritime
Territory and
Sakbaiin. Trudy BallnevostAIGNI no-10:38-67 160.
OIRA 13:8)
(Maritime Territory-Summer)
(Sakhalin-Summer)

BARA.BASHKINA, A.P.
Distribution of the constituents of goostropbia.wind over the
Northern Hemisphere, 1954-1958., UW " 163.
_._ I % F. IS-.3 )

SOU-41CE CODE: U;,/D/,13/6L')/000/0015/0089/0090
Aoic3nikov' G.S..; Tovlina A. bashkina
S. Chuchun, A. Yo. Bara i.
YU "nova, V. It
T1,712:'. ~:ot:-,od A'or obtainin,-' porous siLlfc)-ion-oxchargo
rosins Clnss 39, No.
%'Oscow institu'.0. of Chomical TochnoloMr iraoni.
u D. 1.
instit
8uIU-.ZGE: lzobrot Prom obraz tov zn, no. 15, 1966, 89-010
'20?IC TAGS: ion exchange rosin, polymerization, porosity, polymer,
rosin
13S'2RACT: This Author Cortificato presents a method for obtaining a
porous sulf
'0-
~on-oxchanCo rasin 1by graft copolyviorization of styrol and a
polymor containing
.Lcorlropyl zl'oups in the presence of a froo-radical type initiator
and of divinyl
bonze-no as tho crozo-lin'Kinr, a[;cnt. The polymerization is
follovod Iki zulfonation
id -or siLlf'uric cc--d or weak oloun. To obtain a polymer with
different po-
rosity (capablo of sorbing large organic ions), polyaryleneallUl is
used as the
sopropyl-gro containing pol"mer.
SUB C02: MP-SUBM DIME: 05?ob65
Card 1/1- UDC: 661.183.U3.2:62-405.8::4 1.

L 42795-66 EWT(m)/EWP(t)/ETI IJP(c
NRi APbO29074 - SOURCE CODE:
INVENTOR: Kudryavtsev, N. T.; Golovchanakaya, R. G.;
Baraboshkina, N.,K..-
- k~ -
ORG: none <
. 1 11
TITIE: -Electrochemical deposition of nickef-It'itanium alloy.
class 48, No. 184092
SOURCE: Izobret prom obraz tov zn, no. 14, 1966, 131
TOPIC TAGS: -+-zi titanium alloy, electrolytic deposition,
) 1"fr44- COA71-WO
ABSTRACT: This Author Certificate introduces a method of
deposition of nickel-
titanium alloy at temperatures of 18-25C. In order to obtain a
dense uniform coating
tightly adhering to the metal base, the process is conducted
at a current density
of 5-10 a/dmz and a PH of 0.3-1.8 in an electrolyte containing
500 mg/1 bydro-
fluoric acid, 0.4 mol/l..nickel chlorideiO.8 mol/l metallic
titanium, 0.50 mg/l lauryl
sulfate, and 50 mg/1 ethyl alcohol. [WWI
SUE COM II/ SUBM DATE: l2jul63/ AT 1) P)R E S 5 6- 0 4
uDc: 621.357.7aggO

L 46843-66 EWT(M)/E'dP(t)/ETI JjP(c) JP/HW/GD
/0000/65/000-' 148!
r-kc C r~ ~-_ _it6_0 ~Wq 7-1 ------ FN-) SOURCE CODE, UR
/000/0144/0
AUTHOR; -Kudryavtsev, N. T.; Golovehanskaya, R. G.;
Baraboshkinat No K.
ORG: none
TITLEt "Electrodetosition f a nickel-titanium allay from
hydrofluoboric acid electrol
T-7 -7
SOURCEt AN SSSR. Otdelenive obshchey i taklinichoskoy khimit.
Zashchitnyye lAetalli-
cheskiye i okstenvyo pokrytiya, korroziya metallov i
issledovaniya v oblasti elektro-
khimii (Protectiv e metallic and oxide coatings, corrosion of
metals, and studies in
electrochemistry). Moscow, Nauka, 1965t 144-148
TOPIC TAGS., el,zctrodeDosition, nickel alloy, titaniirn alloy,
h1d_-L
ABSTRACT: Wdrofluoric and hvdrofluoboric acid solutions of
nickel and titanium salt.,
were used for the codeposition of a nickel-titanium alloy . The
alloys deDosited
"" Ti, and those from-
from hydrofluaboric acid electrolytes contained about 6,o .
hydroflu-
oric acid electrolytes, 2-4% Ti. The quality of the deposits
obtained from hydroflu-
oboric acid electr olytes was better. 'Vffien the current
donsitv is increased, and also
when the cathode and anode compartments are separated by a
diaDhragm in the hydroflu-
oboric acid electrolyte, the Ti content of the alloy increases
to 0-15 ,
I % but the cur-
rent efficiency decreases. As the electrolyte temoerature
rises, the Ti content of
the alloy drops somewhat, apparently because of the
corresponding change in the rate
of discharge of nickel and titanium ions. The current
efficiency decreasep with ris-
Card

-no-duWa- UMV "ti.--m- -w4vim
ACC NR, AT602-4971
0
ing current density and increases with rising temDerature~
owing to a change in the
alloy composition. On the average, the current efficiency of
the alloy is 40-50%. A
coating of Ni-Ti alloy was found to be more corrosion-resistant
than a coating of
pure nickel. Orig. art. hast 3 figures and 3 tables.
SUB CODES IIM/ SUBM DATES 07Jul64/ ORIG REFS 002

SEMMOVA, N.Ye.,; BARABASHKIIU. T.I.
A case of thominxosis. Had. pAraz. 25 no.1:56-58
Ja-M 156
(waA 9: 6)
1. Iz klinicheakogo sektora Instituta malyarii,
meditsinsko),
parazitologii i gallmiatologii Ministerstva
zdravookhranani3s
SSSR (dir. instituta-prof. P.G. Sergiyev, zav.
sektorom-prol'. N.N
Plotnikov) i iz gospitallnoy terapevticheekoy
kliniki sanite,rno-
gigiyanichoskogo fakullteta I Mookovskogo ordena
Lenina
meditainakogo instituta iment I.M. Sechenova (dir.
klinikt-
prof. Ye.M. Tareyev)
(TAPSWORH INFICTICRT
Thominx aerophilus of lungs)
(IJAIGS, die.
Thominx aerophilus infestation)

PARABABHOV. M., akademik
Now facts about Mars. Nauka i zhyttin
1. AN USSR, predsedatell Planetnoy komiseii
astronomicheskoy observatorii ]Qiartkovskogo
universitets im. O.M.Gorlkogo.
(Mars (Planet))
no.10:11-15 0 ' 9.
(MIRA 13:2
AN SSBR, direk-tor
gosudaretvannogo

ACC NRt AP6036828 SOURCE CODE: UR/0021/66/000/011/1423
el AUTHOR: Barabashov,, M. P. (Academician AN UkrSSR)
i ORG: Kharlkov State University (Kharlkovskiy gosudarstvennyy
universitet)
TITLE: The structure of lunar soil.
SOURCE: AN UkrSSR. Dopovidi, no. 11, 1966, 1423-1425
TOPIC TAGS: lunar Surface, lunar probe, lunar environment
simulation
ABSTRACT: The data obtained by the Soviet soft landing station
Luna-9 indicates that
the upper layer of the lunar soil is hard and can-withstand a
space station with an
astronaut. The top soil layers are extremely porous and rough.
The lunar surface is
densely covered with cavities and protrusions which range in size
frcm one nillimter
to several centimeters. The direct observations of the lunar soil
indicate that the 1u
nar surface consists of either an extremely porous spongy layer
with very thin walls
separating individual pores or sharp opaque structures made up of
finely divided, pro-
C,
bably tufaceous and magmatic rocks which have no luster. It is
quite possible that
both of these soil structures prevail on the moon. The article
makes a comparison
between the scanning of the surface of a section of the moon
transmitted by Luna-9
and that of two mock-ups, one from finely divided tuff and the
other of a spongy sur-
face (Figure 1). The article briefly discusses sane of the
earlier photometric,and
Card 1/2

ACC
AP6036828
' ~T
F;
A
rig,
a--crushed tuff;
b--Part of the Scan Of the
lunar surface; c__spo~gy
surface.
radiometric observations of the moon. Analysis of the photometric
characteristics-of
the moon using average.1unar reflectivity indicate that in some
areas deviations from
the uniform lunar surface-are-explained not OnlY by-the surface
porosity differences,
but also by the existence Of cliffs. An opinion-is expressed.tbat
the-bright rays
.fram crater-Tycho-and areas.near Copermicus,.Caplar
and-Aristarchus,a dwell as in
the Mare Serenitatis are associated. in some. manner. with
numerous, extremely. small,
but very bright craters.located.along.the.path.of-the-light-of
the-bright rays.
This pbenomenon needs further study. Orig. art. has: 2 figures.
SUB CODE: 22,03/ SUBM DATE: 27Apr66/ ORIG REF: 003
L Card 2/2

PARAI;ASHDY- akademik
Astronomieal obserrations. lbulm i zbyttia 10 no.2:22 f
160.
WRA 13:6)
I* Direktor Astronomichaskoy.observatorii Kbarikovskogo
gosudar-
stvannogo universiteta im. A.N,.Gorikogo; AN USSR.
(Kharkov-Astronour-Observationi3)
- ~
- -11

5, ~k5oo
AUTHOR: Barabashov, N. P.
S/035/62/'000/007/048/083
AOO1/A1O1
TITLE: Comparison of lunar formations with terrestrial rocks
PERIODICAL;. Referativnyy zhurnal. Astronomiya i Geodeziya, no.
7, 1962, 73,
abstract 7A520 ("Tsirkulyar Astron. observ. Khar'kovsk. un-t",
1958,
no. 19, 3 - 26)
TEXT; To compare formations on the lunar surface witli
terrestrial rocks in
albedo and color, were used both old data of observations by
Wilsing and Scheiner
at the Potsdam Astrophysical Observatory in 1908 - 1910 and the
results of new
measurements carried out at the Khar'kov Observatory under
atithor's supervision.
Data for lunar formations are based on processing of 132
photographs of the Moon
taken through 5 light filters ( A eff 84o, 650, 502, 415 and
365 by meaxis of
a lunar-solar camera mounted on the 200-mm refractor. Best
photographs were selec-
ted for measurements on a M-2 (MF-2) microphotometer.
Altogether 72 regions were
studied. Brightnesses of the measured regions are expressdd in
stellar magnitudes,
the value of stellar magnitude of brightness atk - 500
mti-being adopted as
zero-point for every object; therefore, the data obtained
express the relative
Card 112

S/035/62/000/00'7/048/o83
Comparison of lunar formations with.,, A001/A101
variation of albedo over the spectrum. In the same
system.are expressed the data
for terrestrial rock specimens, while 49 specimens were
measured by the photograph-
ic photometry method through the same light filters, and for
38 specimens were
used measurement results with a C(P-2 M (SF-21M)
spectrophotometer. Specimens are
listed which are sufficiently similar in albedo with some
objects on the Moon.
Polarization curves are recommended to be construed in two
variants-: a simpler one
- for different phases and the conditions i = 6 , which
calls for piling into one
curve of data for a se*ries of objects of the same type, and
a more perfect one
which consists in the following: A section on the lunar
surface is studied during
the period of one lunation, which corresponds approximately
to a ccnstant value of
reflection angle at variable values of incidence angle i and
azimuth difference.
This study makes use of materials on polarization of-the
lunar surface published
earlier (See RZhAstr, 1959, no. 7, 5501; no. 11,9134). Their
comparison with data
for rocks in combination with the result of studying the
light and 'brightness
coefficients, leads to the conclusion that volcanic rocks
(porous tuff, vesicular
lava, ashes) approach best the lunar objects in optical
characteristics. A list of
lunar formations is presented, which are-supposed to be
observed at the Knar'kov
Observatory by various methods in the first and second
series. There are 10 refer-
ences. I. Lebedeva
[Abstracter's note:. Complete translation]
Card 2/2

BARABASHOV, N.-.P,.--
Structure of the lunar surface and the Trocessing of' the
first
photographs of its far side. lsk.sput.Zem. no-9;56-61 161.
(MIFk 14-11)
(Moon--Photographs, charts, etc.) (Lunar probes)

BARABASHOV, N.P.; GARAZHA, V.I.
Microstructure of the lunar surface.
TSir.Astron.obser.Kbar.un.
no.24t3-13 161. (MIRA 15:3)
(moon---surface)

BARABASFOV, N.P., IVANCHENKO, V.M., CHIPTOVA, R.M.
Radio observations of the partial. solar eclipse of
February 15,
1961 on the 1.5m. wave. V;ir.Astron.obser.Khar.un.
no.24:
36-38 161. (YJRA 15:3)
(Eclipses, Solar-1961) (Radio astronomy)

'V
PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/5265
Akademiya nauk SSSR
Atlas obratnoy storony Luny; obrazovaniya, vyyavlennyye na
obratnoy
storone Luny po fotografiyam, poluchennym avtomaticheskoy
mezhplanetnoy stantsiyey 7-go oktyabrya 1959 gods. (Atlas of
the
Far Side of the Moon; Formations Discovered on the-Far Side
of
the Moon From Photographs Received by an Automatic
Interplanetary
Station on October 7, 1959) Moscow, 1960. 149 P. 5,000 copies
printed.
Sponsoring Agency: Akademiya nauk SSSR.
Eds.: N..P.-Barabashov, A. A. Mikhaylov,and Yu. N. Lipskiy.
PURPOSE: Thid atlas is intended for astronomers, earth
scientists,
and space specialists.
COVERAGE: The atlas contains 30 photographic plates of the
far side
of the Moon, obtained during the eircumlunar flight of the
third
Soviet cosmic rocket, and an overall diagrammatic sketch
Card 1/4

Atlas of the Far Side (Cont.)
SOV/5265
indicating some 500 lunar features. The catalog of lunar
fea-
tures in the work lists the numerical designation,
coordinates,
photo aphic interpretation data, and descriptive
information
of 499rlunar landforms. The accompanying text describes the
procedures followed in interpreting the photographic
material,
and in compiling the eazalog listings and maps. The
processing
work was done in Moscow In the Gosudaretvennyy
aBtronomicheskiy
institut imeni.P. K. Shternberga (State Astronomical
Institute
imeni P. K. Shternberg) under the direction of Yu. N.
Lipskiyp
and in cooperation with the Tsentrallnyy
nauchno-issledovatell-
skiy institut geodezii, aeros''yemki i kartografii (Central
Scientific Research Institute of Geodesy, Aerial
Surveying,and
Cartography) under the'direction of N. A. Sokolova.
Simultane-
ously and independently, the same work was performed under
the
direction of A. V. Markov in Pulkovo by the Glavnaya
astronom-
Icheskaya obBervatoriya Akademii nauk SSSR (Main
Astronomical
Observatory, AS USSR), and in Khar1kov by the
Astronomicheskaya
observatorlv.a pri Khar1kovskomgosudarstvennom
universitete im.
A. M. Gorlkogo (Astronomical Qbservatory at the Kharlkov
State
Card 2/4

Atlas of the Far Side (Cont.)
SOV/5265
University imeni A. M. Gorlkiy) under N. P. Barabanov. There
are no references.
TABIZ OF CONTENTS:
Introduction 7
Results of Processing the First Photographs of the Far Side
of the Moon 9
Characteristic of initial materials and photographs 9
Methods for increasing the interpretive properties of the
photographs transmitted from the Automatic Interplanetary
Station 16
Photometric cross sections of the far side of the Moon 19
Processing of the material 25
Catalog of the Formation on the Far Side of the Moon Ac-
cording to Photographs Obtained by the Automatic Inter-
planetary Station on October 7, 1959 39
Objects of the first degree of reliability 40
Card 3A

Atlas of the Far Side (Cont.)
SOV/5265
Objects of the second degree of reliability 104
Objects of the third degree of reliability 14o
Photographs of the Far Side of the Moon 151
Appendix: The Map of the Far Side of the Moon
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
JA/dwm/os
Card 4/4 6/28/61

PHASE I BOOK EXPLOITATION SOV/4313
Barabashov N P * V.A. Bronshten, M.S. Zelftser, N.L.
Kaydanovskiy,, A.V. Markov,
__ gian;~
~dovich, N.N. Sytinskaya, A.V. Khabakov, Sh.T. Khabibullin,
V.V.
Sharonov, and A.A. Yakovkin
Lung (The Moon) Moscow, Fizmatgiz, 1960. 384 p. 41500 copies
printed.
Ed.t (Title page): A.V. Markov, Doctor of Physics and
Mathematics; Ed.: G.A.
Manov.Li Tech-. Ed.: N.Ya. Murashova.
PURPOSE: This book is intended for astronomers,
astrophysicists, and other scien-
tific and technical personnel interested in lunar research.
COVERAGE: The book, written by 11 Soviet authorities,
summarizes and evaluates
research done to date in selenology. The motion, rotation,
and figure of the
Moon, physical properties of the lunar surface, the question
of the existence of
lunar atmosphere, mapping of the Moon, radar investigations,
and the effect of
external cosmic forces on the Moon are discussed. An index of
Russian and Latin
designations of lunar features is included. The text is
illustrated with 110
figures and 32 tables. There are 74 references: 34 Soviet, 32
English, 6 Ger-
man, and 2 French.
C ard 1/6

The Moon
TABLE OF CONTENTS-a
Foreword
SOV/4313
Ch. I.
Motion, Rotation, and Figure of the Moon (A.A.
Yakovkin)
7
1.
Certain data on the Moon, its motion and figure
7
2.
History of the theory of the Moon's motion
10
3.
Determination of the lunar mass
13
4.
Optical libration of the
Moon
16
5.
Determining the coordinates of lunar surface
features from observation
19
6.
Corrections for the relief of
the Moon's limb
22
7.
Physical libration of the Moon
28
8.
The
figure of the Moon
39
9.
Determination of the elevations of
lunar mountains
45
10.
Processing the observations of the
lunar occultation of stars
47
11.
Utilizing lunar observations
for geodetic purposes
50
12.
Possible utilization of lunar
observations for interplanetary navigation
52
Bibliography

53
Card 2/6

The Moon SOV14313
Ch. II. Lunar Cartography and Selenographie Coordinates
(Sh.T. Khabibullin) 5-
5~
1. Selenographic coordinates

2. Cartographic grid for lunar
maps
58
3. Physical coordinates of the Moon
60
4. Methods for
the determination of selenographic coordinates
63
5. The
system of positions of the Moon's surface details
68
6. Maps
and photographic atlases of the Moon
70
7. Possible method
for determining geographical poaition on the Moon
72
Bibliography
75
Ch. III. Description of the Surface of the
Moon (A.V. Markov)
77
Bibliography
101
Ch. IV. Problem of the
Moon's Atmosphere (N.N. Sytinskaya)
10.3
1. Introduction
103
2.
Theoretical considerations
104
3. Observations of the lunar
occultation of stars, as a means of detecting

the atmosphere
from refraction phenomena
109
4. Attempts to detect the lunar
atmosphere by spectroscopic methods
114
5. Estimation of the
density of the lunar atmosphere according to the

brightness
and polarization of diffused light
116
Card 3/6

The Moon
SOV14313
6. Use of radioastronomic observations to search for the
lunar atmosphere 122
Bibliography 123
Ch. V. Physical Properties of the Surface of the Moon 125
1. Albedo and the color of the Moon's surface (N.P.
Barabashov) 125
Bibliography 155
2. Polarization properties of the Moon's surface (A.V.
Markov) 156
3. The temperature of the Moon's surface (M.S. Zelltser) 174
Bibliography 201
Ch. VI. Investigation of the Moon by Radio Methods (N.L.
Kaydanovskiy) 203
Introduction 203
1. %qdiolocatlon of the Moon 204
Bibliography 219
2. Radioastronomic investigation of the Moon 220
Bibliography 239
Ch. VII. Characteristic Features of the Moon's Relief.
Basic Problems
of the Origin and Sequence of Development of Lunar
Formations
(A.V. Khabakov) 2-41
1. Some general features of the lunar figure 242
Card 4/6

The Moon SOV14313
2.
The scale and typical forms of lunar relief
254
3.
Classification and nomenclature of the typical forms of
lunar relief
258
4.
Criteria determining the sequence of
formation of lunar relief
269
5.
Main periods in the history
of the development of the Moon's surface
282
Bib
liography
295
Ch. VI
II. The Role of External Cosmic Factors in the
Evolution of the

Moon (K.P. Stanyukovich and V.A. Bronahten)
299
1.
Structural features of craters
302
2.
Location of craters
on the Moon's surface
304
3.
Formation of seas and clefts
305
4.
The theory of explosion phenomena resulting from the fall
of meteorites

to the Moon
312
5.
Formation of bright rays near
lunar craters
325
6.
Collisions of meteorites with asteroids
328
Bibliography

328
Ch. IX
. Surface Structure of the Moon
(V.V. Sharonov)
331
1.
Method of investigation
331
2.
Summary of
the basic data
335
3.
Hypothesis on the fresh rocky surface of
magmatic rock
338
Card 5/6

The Moon
SOV14313
4. Hypothesis on the change of color in minerals due to the
effect of

various types
of radiation
31+2
5.
Hypothesis on
crust
veathering and sedimentary rocks
344
6.
Hypothesis on
dust
cover resulting from rock erosion
348
7.
Hypothesis on
ground
cover made of meteoric material
351
8.
Meteoric slag
hypothesis
354
Bibliography

362
Conclusion (A.V. Markov) 365
Appendices 378
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress (QB 581.M3)
Card 6/6 JA/dwm/sfn
10/13/60

"Z
MASS I BOOK ZXPLOITATIOX 307/4946
111khay lov, A. A., ad.
Statall v kosmosel abornik atatey (Space
Stations; Collection of
Articles) Moscow, lzd-vo AN SSSR, 1960. 444
p. 25,000 copies
rintod. (Serless Akadonlys nauk 3333.
Nauchno-populyarnara
Rang. Zd. i A. A. JUkheylov; Compiler: V. V.
F*dorov; Ed. of
tublishing NO"$: Y*. X. K2yaus; Tech. Md. 1
1. D. XOTIchkows.
fURtO31j This book Is Intended both for the
space specialist and
the average readerInterostod In space
problems.
CO7WOZx, The book contains 73 short article&
by various Soviet
authors an problems connected with space
travel and the launch-
lag of artificial earth satellites and spave
rockets. Son* 909-
slbllltl*s of future developments are also
discussed. Th. sr-
ticles we" published In the period of
1957-1960. Xo person-
a2itlea are mentioned. There are no
references,
III. ARTIFICIAL PLAXIT. FIRST ROCKET ON
MOON
TA33 Information. On the launching of a
Space Rocket
10-the 140- 0400-7 33, 1959) 2b0
rey- A- 9 - CeadldatO Of Physical and
rAthematleal
aces- Is it Possible to ot;g~rvg an
Artificial rjaa.tt
(April 29591 254
.;�R44h2T-1t_2- Active Member of the Academy
of
W-UM ~-IfLcjal Barth 5-1.121tes and the
Problem of Outer Space plights (XILY 1959,
259
WMXUn~IL-X~ Doctor of Physical and
Mathematical
X
f"an"s' Launching Of Space ROcksta and
AstronualceL
Problems [PAu-ch 19591 264
_TASS Information Launching of a space
Rocket to the
Moon by tho.Sovl;t union Isepttabar 13,
19591 26T
This Is the Way lannile Was Flying.,
jIzv4s,tjy&,
September IS, 19591 2TO
DOctOr Of Physi.a'I and Mathematlc&2
SfUncls. From the larth to the YA>cn
13OPtember 15, 2959) 272
Doctor of Physical and Mat ematical
the Artificial Coast 1S.ptember 15,
19591
2T5
andidAte Of "Ical ad Xthe-
Outer Space course
13*ptamber 15, 9,9, an
2n
orreopondlng Member Of the Academy
4V,-. usR In the Future - Manned Plight
13eptember 17, 19591 280
R:dXokjm,w_ P_ I., Candidate Of Radical
Sciences. yr.
0~n to =0 Larth 130pt*mber 20, 19591 284
TASS Information. Pint Rgsulta of Ljuachlag
the Space
ROckst to the Noon [September 21, 29591 288
First 'light to Vw XceM Otani&. &;It-tr 21,
1959) 2n

FKAZZ I BOOK IXPLOIT%TtO% 30V^9k6
Xlkhaylow, A. A., ad.
Stantall v toomos*1 abornlic statey (Space
Stations; Collection of
Articles) Moscow, 1zd-vO AN SSSR, 100. 444
V. 25,000 copies
Inted. (Sarless Akadamlya nAuk 333R.
Nauchno-populyarnays
We& Zd.s A. A. Alkhaylovi Compilers V, V.
Yedoroy; Ed, or
kullshing Rouses to. R. Klyaus; Tech. Ed. 1
1. D. Movichkova.
PURPOSE: This book Is Intended both for the
spite* opeclall4t And
the averags reader Interested In space
problems.
COVZRAGEs. The book contains T3 short
articles by various Soviet
authors an problems connected 11 ith space
travel and the launch-
ing or artificial earth satellites and space
rockets. Some Poo-
olbllltlos of future developments are also
discussed. The ar-
ticles vim published in the period or
L95T-1960. No person-
alltlea a aentl oned The re are, no re
rarencom
-If- MMX=D= or OCV= =10(c&
A Corresponding Member of the academy
6i" Soviet Space Rocket Approaches the
or c
Perihelion (October 18, 19591 340
,JbIabAkgj,_Y,,Candldat* of Fedagogic
Sciences. The
V" Side of the Noun (October 8, 19591 344
Siforov V I Corresponding Member of the
Academy of
itietoo; Zkbn: outer space Photography
[October 2d, 19591 348
tor of Physical and Mathematleal
soccout of Outer Space (October 28,
19591 351
X bar or the Academy of
1.11-na:ces ~UkrSSR ~,Our LZor:atory Is
outer space
[November 3, 29i9 355
Cand1data .1 Technical Sciences. In-
'~ga on r0fdaning Our Xnowlodge_or the
Univerms
358
Ton Thousand Revolution* Around the Olobo
(12vestlYS.
April 3. 19601 369
The Third Sputnik Raw Ceased to Islet I
1XV68tlya.
April 9, 19601 375
Candidate of Technical Sciences.
Llfol*on cosmonaut (April 14, 19601 376
V. SPACS 3HI?S
TAs3 rnformation IN&Y 16. 19601 381
Notion or a Space Ship [Pravda. Fay 16.
19601 383
jjjAjpdnaz__3_C&ndlaat4P or Technical
Sciences. On the
Road to me Stare (Pay 17, 19601 384
Fedotov. Y Candidate of Medical Sciences,
Before the
_T_ Jumss Into Swe [Ray 18, 19601 389
AV1*kAkin_Y_-'L_. Academician. Automaton In
Outer
SPACS IMAY 20, 19601 394
TASS InfcrmftlcM On the Nation of the
Space-Ship
Sat*lllto (Kay 21, 29 601 39T
r TABS Information 399
Second Soviet Space Ship (Fravda, September
4-6, 196ol 400
arsGtlngs From the Central CO=Ittsd Of the
CPSU and the
Council of Ministers Of the USSR (Pravda,
August 23, 1960) sel

RARAWROVL YVIMSM) V., I.,
"On The Photometric Uniformity of The Lunar Surface".
paper presented at IAU Symposium on the Moon, Leningrad, USSR, 6-8
Dec 60.
The main properties of the reflection of light from the lunar
surface, camon for
different formations, can be explained by the extreme rouglmesB
(microrelief) of the
lunar surface. The comparision of the brightness of different
objects, the study of
intensity distribution on the lunar disk for different phase
angles and the comparison
of the indicatrice of reflection of separate details confirm the
high photometric
uniformity of the Moon's surface. This is evidence of the
considerable influence of
external cosmic factors on the formation of the microrelief of the
Moon.

14
"On Rocks Possibly Composing The Lunar Surface."
paper presented at IAU Symposium on the Moon, Leningrad, USSR,
6-8 Dec 6o.
At the Kharkov Observatory a complex investigation of the lunar
surface was made. The
following characteristics were studied; (a) -brightness, (b)
law of reflection, (c)
smoothing factor, (d) reflection properties in dependence on
wave length, (e) degree
of polarization, (f) thermal conductivity, (g) luminescence. It
was found that the
lunar surface is covered probably by tuff-like rocks in a
strongly crushed state with
grains of the size 3-10 mm. The Moon cannot be covered by fine
powders as the dust
substances do not have the observed properties of light
reflection. Surfaces covered
by sharp-edged fragments and furrows with vertical and sloping
sides give the best
representation of observations.

3W71
S/035/61/000/'010/025P34
A001/A101
AUTHOR- Barabashov, N.P..
TITLE.- on atmosphere andsurface of Mara-
FMODT-CAL:. Referativnyy zhurnal.. Astronomija i Geodeziya, no.,
10, 1961, 65 ab-"
stract. loA455 ("Izv. Y,6mis. Po fiz. planee, 1960, no.. 2,_ 3 -
231)
The author presents the results of anilysis of photographic photo-
metry of the Mars disk from observations of 1939, 1954 and 1956.
Two concepts
of th6 possible structure of Martian atmosphere are diircussed
and compared; one
of them assumes a dispersing atmosphere of small optical
thickness r, and the
other ascribes to the atmosphere considerable actual absorption
and a comparative-
ly high value of rC'. Formulae are presented and discussed, which
express absolute
brightness and contrast of various surface sections in dependence
on the surface
albedo A and coefficient of atmosphere transparenoy.p. These
formulae are ap-
plied to-numerous calculations of parameters characterizing the
surface and atmo-
sphere of the planet according to observations conducted in
Khar1kov in differ
ent ranges of spectrumv The author arrives at the conclusion that
the diapers:
ing model of the atmosphere explains better the observed
phenomena than the ab-
Card I/P

3027.1
B/035/61/000/010/025/034,,
On atmosphere and surface of"Mars A001/A101
sorbing one. In particular, the author objects the N.A. Kozyrev
opinion that the
Martian red color is the consequence of exclusive..- action of the
planet atmo-
sphere. A comparison with terrestrial rocks shows that felsite
tuffs, volcanio.;
slags, tuff-lavas, andesite and andesits-basalt lavas, do not
reveal,as a rule,
a similarity with the Mars surface in color, although in#vidual
red specimens
of these rocks can be compared with Mars. Limonite, ocherous
hematite and red
sandstone have the greatest similarity with the Mars surface. The
author arrives
at the conclusion that at least in the visible portion-of spectrum
the observed
spectral features of the Martian surface are determined by the
color of the planet
solid surface; the cover of continents and seas is characteriz ed
by the fact that
contrasts of their reflection ability in blue and violet rays are
small. There
are 7 references.
I. Lebedeva
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 2/2

30273
S/035/16 1/000/0 10/027/t)34
311990 (10 Y1, 10 C 7) AOOI/AIOI
AUTHORS: Barabashov. Koval', I.K., Chekirda, I.T.
nh2y,"
TITLEt Some results of photometry of cloudy formations on Mars
MIODICAL: 'ReferativnVy zhurnal. Astronomiya i Geodeziya, no. 10,
1961,, 66, ab-
06 -
stract 1OA457 ("Izv..Komis. po fiz. planet!', 1, 0., no, 2, 36-4o)
7 M Blue clouds observed mainly in the equatorial zone of the
planet
are described on the basis of phoiographs taken in 1958 by means
of a 10",reflec-
tor of the Khar1kov Observatory with the equivalent focus equal to
15.3 m in
ulti*violet (L36oo) and blue (~,42DO) portions of spectrum. The
existence of
a photometric scale makes it possible to obtain the curves of
brightness dis-
tribution along the equator of intensity, when the clouds are
present and at
their absence. The analysis of materials has shown that the
present3e of clouds
on the disk and terminator does not depend on the albedo of the
underlying solid
surface of Mars. The value of cloud-baokground contrasts, and the
albedo of the VI
clouds on the terminator are higher than on the disk. On an
average, the bright-
Card 1/2

302T
S/035 1/0()0/010/027/ID34
Some results of photometry ... A001/A101
ness of clouds exceeds the background brightness by 14%. On
assumption that the
clouds studied are analogous, in their nature, to cirrus
clouds of the Earth's
atmosphere, their thickness was estimated to be 3 - 6 m.
I. Leb6deva
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 2/2

W 75
S/035/6 1/tW/O 10/029/034
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AUTHORSS Barabashov, N.F., Yezerskiy, V.I.
TTITIEi ReflectionAndioatrices of individual sections of the
lunar surface
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Astronomiya i Cleo'deziya, no.
lo, 1961, 66-67,
abstract 10A464 ("I-zv. Komis. po fiz. planet", 196o, no.2,
65-72)
TEXT: To study the law of lunar surface reflection, the authors
made use
of th(t principle of reciprocity which permits photometrical
comparisons of sec-
tions located symmetrically relative to intensity equator at
approximately the
same longitude. The method was applied to data of the catalog of
V.A. Fedorets.
The results are presented in graphs whose consideration leads to
the following
conclusions. As a rule, indicatrices of the compared sections
coincide within
the limits of possible errors. In those cases when there ar6
marked differences,
the latter can be explained by the difference in the
inclinations of the sections
compared-to-the surface of the lunar sphere. The data of this
work complement
and develop the conclusions, drawn earlier,, on the photometric
uniformity of the
lunar surface. Indicatrioes of the light rays and the
neighboring regions co-
in3ide completely. This means that light rays adopt the
photometric structure
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Reflection indicatrices AODI/A101
of those regions in-which,they are located. This can be the
case only when the
particles forming the cover of the rays are considerably
smaller than uneve4ness
of the general.mlerorelief of the lunar surface. Some parts of
the Clavius
crater and the ~fo'od apot are noted as anomalous objects. As
to the latter, a
conjecture is expressed that its surfaoe is extremely uneven..
There are 6
references..
1. Lebedeva
[Abstracter's note- Complete translation]
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AUTHORs Barabashov, N. P.9 Academician AS UkrSSR
TITLEg New Phase of Lunar"Research
PHRIODICAM Vestnik Akademii nauk SSSR, 1960, No. 109 PP- 32-36
TRXTs Numerous formations were discovered on the visible lunar
surface
by means of telescopic investigations. So far there is, however,
no uni-
form opinion on the state of the lunar surface layers and on the
com-
position of its rocks, which is of great significance for a safe
landing
of interplanetary space ships. On the basis of investigations by
the
Khar1kovskaya astronomicheskaya observatoriya (Khartkov Astronomic
ob-
servatory), it can be assumed that the rocks of the lunar surface
are
simIT-ar t the tufaceous terrestrial rocks and volcanic ashes. N.
A.
Kozyrev pointed out that some lunar rocks show luminescent
properties. It
can be assumed that the lunar surface consists of highly porous
tufaceous
rocks in a crushed state with a grain size of from 1 to 3 mm.-N-
N. Sytin-
skaya assumed that the unevenness forming the lunar microrelief is
within
the limits of from 1 mm to I cm. Radiometric investigations showed
that
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New Phase of Lunar Research S/030/60/000/010/003/C)18
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the temperature of the outer lunar layers varies greatly. A. Ye.
Salomono-
vich discovered average temperature variations of from 161,
-t-o-2-2-9-ZK- on
--TFe--8 mm wavelength. It was established that the variations of
the lunar
temperature, measured by radio waves below 10 mm wavelength, are
very con-
siderable, as can be seen from 4, the papers by A. A. Amenitskiyq
R. 1. Nos-
kova, and A. Ye. Salomonovioh.'~Radar investigations of the mocn
are de-
sor bed as great achievements'q-4?WF idea having been conceived by
Academicians L -. T. Mandpl-Ishtam and N. D.. Papaleksi in 1928.
Spectral --b--
servations by means of the giant telescope of the KTYMskriya
astrefiziche-
skaya observatoriya (Krym Astrophysi-al Observatory), condu,-ted by
N. A.
Kozyrev and V. 1. Yezerskiy, showed that remains mf volcanism are
present
Dn the moon. The moon has no atmosphere. On the basis cf
polarlmetr.4o cb-
servations, the Soviet astronomer Yu. I. Lipskiy assumes that there
is a
gas atmosphere on the moon, the mass of which per Dnj't of surface
amounts
to only 1/10,000 of that on the Earth. There is no water on the
moon. By
means of Soviet nosm-.c rockets it was ascertained that the moou
has -no
magnetic field; the possibility of the presence of an ionosphere.
was
studied; the part of the, moon innsibls from the Earth was
photographed and
the picture was transmitted7to the Earth. The sides of the moon,
visible
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and invisible from the earth show a great difference which
could not be
elucidated so far. It is suggested that first of all new
photographs of
the moon should be taken, and an automatic interplanetary
station brought
to the moon, transmitting to the Barth new data on density,
chemical com-
position and temperature of the lunar ground. Only after human
landing
will it be possible to explore the moom and the cosmos more
thoroughly.
A radar picture of the lunar surface, recorded with 8 mm wave
by the
Fizicheskiy institut im. P. N. Lebedeva (Institute of Physics
imeni P. N.
Lebedev) is shown. There is 1 figure.
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On the structure of surface layers ... A0O1/AIOI
molten rocks are not fit for the Moon. The consideration of
an analogous materi-
al for Mars leads-to the conclusion'that fine powders with
grain sizes from 0.05
to 0,1 mm correspond best- to seas and continents of this
planet, according to
photome-'%-ric data. A plant cover, represented by two
samples of moss, differs
very strongly from the surface of Mars. Ocherous hematite
resembles best the
surface of Mars, in its law of light reflection and spectral
coefficients of
brightness. There are 9 references. I. Lebedeva
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation)
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AUTHOR: ovLJN. ioian of the S/02Y60/000/04/016/032
,-s,-Aoadem
AS UkrSSRP Chairman of the B008 B009
Planetary Commission of the Astronomical
Council of the AS USSR
TITLE: Venus, Unmaskl
PERIODICAL: Tekhnika molodeshi, 1960,NNr 4, PP 14-17 (USSR)
TEXT: The author reports on the investigation o~14enus and
mentions in this
connection a number of Russian and Soviet scientists: M. V.
Lomonosor, astronomer
Aristarkh Apollonovich Belopollski , V. I. Yezerskiy~ and N. A.
Eozyrev. On the
Y-2-
basis of precise data a preliminary picture of the physical
conditions prevail-
ing on Venus can be drawn. These data show that~Venus exhibits
certain character-
istics similar to those of the Earth. For instance, observations
made in the
course of several years at the observatory of the Kharlkovskiy
gosudarstvennyy
universitet Khar1kov State University) suggest that Venus is
surrounded by a
dense atmosphere which renders it impossible to observe the
surface of this
planet directly. This layer is subject to continuous fluctuations
in.altitude,
which results in certain changes in the coloring of the planet.
Systematic changes
0
in he.distribution of brightness on the northern and southern
hemispheres, which
are probably due to the seasonsq suggest that the equatorial
plane is inclined
by 320 relative to the plane of the planet's orbit. In 1949 the
author of this
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