SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT VERKHIVKER, G.P. - VERKHOGLYADOVA, T.P.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R001859510010-1
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 1, 2001
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT

VERKHIVKER, G.F., inah.; LAGUTKIN, O.D.j. inzh.
Caloric properties of Freon-12 in the supercritical rqODn. Izv.vys.
ucheb.zav.; energ. 4 no.5t72-76 Y4r 161. (KERA 14; 6)
I* Odeeskiy tekhnologicheakiy institut, Predstaylena kafedroy
toplotekhni i.
(Atomic power plants) (Freons)

-VEMI R G P.; ZUBATOV, N.C.; KOTLYAREVSKrY. P.A.
I
Dbigram of gas combustion products allowing for dUmmUtion.
lm:.sbo-fiz. sbur. 6 no.6:68-73 Je 163, WIRA 16:6)
Is Tekhaologiebookiy institut imeni M.T, Lomonomova, Odessa.
(Saratov-Gas, Natural)
(CombLetion)

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AUTHORS: DaGskovskiyj V.M., Candidate of Technical Sciences,
Verkhivh9X,-r1,,_P., Engineer, and
Lagutkin, O.D., Engineer
TITLE: Calculations of mixing of flows of gas and liquid
PERIODICAL: Teploenergetika, 1961, No.9, pp. 92-93
TEXT: It is often necessary to make calculations relating to
mixed flows of gas and liquid, particularly when the liquid
\apourises. one instance is the intermediate cooling of air in a
compressor by injecting water between compressor stages. The
object of the present article in to provide an approximate simple
solution for this particular problem. If the gas and fluid are
mixed and no liquid is present at the discharge from the mixer
(d YI-2 '-- 0; pn2 4 PW2 ) we have the following expressions:
ir2 + dn2 in2 - irl - dni 1(11 d)K iiYA 1 il 0 (4)
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Calculations of mixing of flows .... E19VE155
dn2 = !a (5)
r (P2
R pn2
dni + dA I = d n2 (6)
The notation used here ist indexes (1) inlet to mixer;
(2) discharge from mixer; )K liquid; a dry gait; n vapour or
injected liquid; H saturated vapour; i entheilpy in kcal/kg;
d flow of liquid or vapour per unit flow of dry gas kg/kg;
R the gas constant kg.m/kgOC. The appliCat4oll of these equations
to the cooling of compressed air by water injection is explained.
A nomogram is given to determine i;r2 and d"2 from given values
Of tri, -Jnl and P2 when injecting water into unsaturated wet
air until it is saturated. In drawing up the nomogram it was taken
that i,)KI = 15 kcal/kg, a = 0.413 kcal/kgOC; b f% 598 kcal/kg.
The method of using the nomogram is indicated by a dotted line.
For convenience two scales are plotted on the da2 axis. The
difference between the calculations made by the equations given
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above using a slide rule and those obtained by the nomogram
differ in practice by I - 2%.
There are I figure and 2 Soviet references.
Card 3/3

VM"IVKER,, G.P.; SHEVCHENKO, G.Z.
Increasing the efficiency of high-duty gas-turtdne units. Trudy
Od. tekh. inst. 1401 -38 162. (IURA 16:12)
1. Rabota'vypolnena na.kafedre teplotekhniki Odesskogo tekhnologi-
cheskogo instituta. Rukovoditell raboty - doktor tekhn. nauk
pi-of. Gokhshteynp D.P. .

GOKHSHTM'N, D.P., profs, doktor tekbn.nAuk; VSMIVKNR,, G.P., inzb.*,
GOIZODF,TSXIY, A.B., inzh.
Fixylansion of existing electric power plantse I%v,Tys.u(*heb*%&v*;
energ. nooll:71-78 N 156v (WRA 12: 1)
1. Odesakiy, tekhpologicbeskiy inatitut imeni I.T. Stalin&. Pred-
sta7lona kafedroy obahchey toplotekhniki.
(Zlectric power plants)

I sov/4)6-59-5-6/ig
AUTHORS: G6khshteyn, D.P., Doctor of Technical Sciences and
Verkhivker G P Engineer
~
TITLE% io e e iods
oReconstruct*ng Steam Turbine Electric
Power Stationt Using Steam-Gas Circuits (Nekotoryye puti
rekonstruktsii~paroturbinnykh elektrostantaiy po
parogazovym akhVmam)
PERIODICAL: Teploenergetika, 1959, Fr 5, PP 33-37 (USSR)
kBSTRAM As a number of st6am-driven power stations become
converted to natural gas fuel, it will be possible to
make extensive use of optn-cycle gas-turbine installations.
A combined gas-steam cycle offers thermo-dynamic
advantages. If the heat of the gas-tvarbine exhaust is
used to heat feed-water for the steam cycle, the amount of
Steam tapped from the turbines for this purpose is reduced
and the output for a given steam consiunption can be
increased by 20%. A combined gas-steatm installation can,
quite easily be introduced into existing stations with
quite small cost for equipment and structural alterations.
The simplest steam-gas circuit for reconstructing existing
Card 1/7 installations with 100-MW condensing turbines type W-100-2

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Some Methods of Reconstructing Steam Turbine Electric Power Stationel
Using Steam-Gas Circuits
is given in Fig 1. In this the turbine exhaust gazes are
used first to heat the air entering the combustion chamber
and then to heat the feed-water of the steam cycle,
Table I gives the results of calculations of the effective
efficiency and output of a steam-gas installation using-
the circuit of Fig 1 for various feed-water temperatures~
It is shown that the efficiency of the steam-gaB
installation is increased by raising the feed-water
temperature after the water-gas heater. The increase-In
efficiency is quite marked up to a feed-water temperature
of 2200C but beyond this it does not increase so rapidly.
,rhe circuit shown in Fig 2 considerably reduces the power
-taken from the gas-turbine part of the installation. Here
the feed-water draws heat both from the turbine exhaust
gas that has already passed through an air regenerator and
from the air between the high and the low-pressure
compressors. In this case, the highest efficiency is
obtained if the feed-water is heated to a temperature of
Card 2/7 3.01-30C in the water-gas heat-sxchangor with subsequent

sov/96-59-5-6/19
Some Methodis of Reconstructing Steam Turbine Electric Power 5tations
Using Steam,-Gas Circuits
heating to 2200C in the regenerative heaters of the
,turbirke& With this circuit the increase in efficiency
:LA less than with circuit 1, because -the output of the
gas-turbine part of the installation is less, The results
of calculations on circuit 2 are given in Table 2 and it
is shown that in this case quite a small gas-turbine offer3
an appreciable increase in efficiency as compared with a
straight steam cycle, A circuit with two--i3tage fuel
consumption is shown in Fig 3 and the reaults of
calculations on this circuit are given in 'cable 3. It is
of interest to note the efficiencies with t-mo.-stage
compression and two-stage expansion of gas in the gas.-
turbine installation: they fall into a pattern similar
to that observed with single-stage compression and single-
fitage expansion. A schematic circuit for two.-stage
oxpanslon and two-stage fuel combustion with Hingle-stage
compression is shown in Fig 4. It increases tho efficiency
Card 3/7 of the steam-gas installation to.36.711 which is 13% higher

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Sbme Methods of Reconstructing Steam Turbine Electric Pawer Stations
Using Steata-Gas Circuits
than for the purely steam cycle. The total output of
the steam-gas installation is 138600 kW and the feed-water
temperature after the steam-gas heater is 220'C~ The
improved performance of this circuit as ccmpared with that
shown in Fig 1 results from the greatly increaBed output
of the gas-turbine part. An importhnt disadvantage of
the circuits mentioned is that the gas-air regenerators
and water-gas heaters are very big. In order to increase
the unit output of the gas-turbine and to reduce the
size of the regenerators and water heaters, there is some
point in using the semi-closed steam-gas-turbine cycle,
illustrated in Fig 5. Here the main gas-turbine operates
against a back-pressure~ the exhaust gases pass through
an air regenerator and ~ater-heater before delivery to
the inlet part of the compressor. The part of the gas
needed to supply air to burn the fuel in the combustion
chamber of the main turbine passes into the combustion
chamber of the auxiliary turbine, Tho chamber also
receives air,from the first stage of the auxiliary
Card 4/7 compressor, and fuel.. The gas temperature at the cliamber

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Some Methods of Reconstructing Steam Turbine Ele-ctris Power Stations
Using Steami-GaB Circuits
outlet is 700*C, as it is after the combustion chamber of
the main turbine. The exhaust gases from the auxiliary
turbine are passed to a regenerator where they heat up
the air and gas supply to the ccmbustion chamber and are
then discharged to atmosphere, The auxiliary turbine
drives the two-stage compressor which delivers combu!~tion
air to the main system. With this arrangement the size of'
t-he different heat-exchangers can be much reduced. S!M1.,
.closed steam-gas cycles are better than closed ones for
tiodernising existing power stations because there is no
need to instal an air boiler; also,, the heating surfaces
tire smaller and the circuit is simpler and more efficient.
Results of efficiency calculations for the circuit are
given in Table 4. It is possible to use a circuit in
which part of the turbine exhaust gas is used as air to
maintain combustion in the boiler furnaces. This Arcujt~,
shown schematically in Fig 6, embodies the senii-closed
Card 5/7 part operating on the circuit already described but without

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Some Methods of Reconstructing Steam Turbine Electric Power Stations
Using 9team-Gas Circuits
the second combustion chamber. In addition, there is an
open-cycle part. Exhaust gases from the gas turbine No 3
are used as combustion air in the boiler furnace. Air
from the compressors is hoated in the tail-end heating
,,surfaces of the boiler and then passes to the combustion
chamber and the turbine. Calculations made for a stated
set of conditions with this circuit show that the
effective efficiency of the installation is 36.6%, which
is 12-5% greater than that of the steam installations
whilst the total output is 141300 W. It is of interest
to note that with a steam pressure of 90 atm and a
temperature of 480*Cg the efficiency of a steam-gas
installation operating on this circuit is only 15% less
than the efficiency of a steam installation operating at
300 atm and 6500C with double reheat. A valuable
advantage of all the circuit's considored is the
possibility of burning mixad fuel, that is, solid fuel in
the steam boiler and liquid or gas fuel in the combustion
chambers of the gas turbine. Therefore, these circuits
Card 6/7 may be used in the power stations of metallurgical works

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Some Methods of Reconstructing Steam Turbine Electric Power Stations
Using Steam.-Gas Circuits
which burn blast furnace or coke oven gas as well as
solid fuel. For comparison the calculations were made on
a closed steam-gas cycle, with single-stage compression
and two-stage heating operating under the same conditions
as the steam-gas semi-open cycle. The effective
efficiency of this installation is 34.7% and the increase
in effective efficiency of the closed steam-gas cycle
compared with the straight steam cycle is 8.05%. As the
ordinary gas-turbine installations developed by Soviet
factories are not the best ones for steam--gas circuits,
there is a need for special versions suited to operation
in combined installations. There are 6 figures, 4 tables
and 3 references, 2 of which are Soviet and I English.
ASSOCIA:TION::,Odesskiy Tekhnologicheskiy Inatitut (The Odessa
Technological Institute)
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L 08060-6Z Ewr (M) /EWP (f FDN199~jLq.
ACC NRi AP7001676-- -souRcCcODEi-UR/of43/66/c