SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT ALTOVSKIY, R. M. - ALTSHUL, A. D.

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• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
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• Document Release Date: March 20, 2001
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

5W
AUTHOPS: Tomashov, N. D., Al'tovskiy, R. M., SOV/2o-121-5-33/50
Arakelov, A. G.
TITLE: The Anodic Protection of Titanium in Sulfuric Acid (Anodnaya
zashchita titans, v aernoy kislote)
PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1958, Vol 121, 1Tr 5,
PP 885 - 888 (USSR)
ABSTRACT; This paper investigates the processes of the formation
of oxide films by self-passivation of titanium in
solutions of sulfuric acid and the processes on the metal
surface which are caused by anodic polarization. The
investigations were carried out for titanium of the type
VT-W-, ~0:0,23 - 0,26~S, H: 0,022 - 0,023%, N: 0,017%0,
Fe:0,12 , Si: 0,05%) in solutions of sulfuric acid at
room temperature. A di~-gram shows the behavior of
titanium during the dressing (zachistka) of the surface
in solutions of sulfuric acid. Titanium restores the
passive state after the dressing of the surface in a
Card 1/3 5% solution of H 2s0 4* In 10% H2SO 41 titanium remains

Tile Anodic Protection of Titanium in Sulfuric Acid SOV/2a-121-5-33/50
in the active state after dressing, The potential
of the active state Of tit.fLnium in sulfuric acid
was equal to,.jO,3 V. The oxygen in the air dissolved
in the electrolyte, plays the principal r'ale in the
conservation of the stability of the passive state
of titanium in diluted solutions of sulfuric acid.
If the titanium surface is treated in a lelo solution
of H2SO4 in an oxygen atmosphere, the titanium also
turns into the passive state. There is a protecting,
stable oxide film on the surface of titanium in the
passive state. Also the surface of' titanium in its
active state is partially covered by an oxide film. The
second diagram shows the curves of the anodic polarization
of titanium in solutions of sulphuric acid of various
concentrations. The anodic polarizability in the region
of the active dissolution of titanium increases if
the concentration of the sulfuric acid decreases. The
last diagram shows the results of the corrosion experinents
on titanium samples with and without anodic protection.
Card 2/3 The corrosion losses of the non-protected samples increased

The Anodic Protection of Titanium in Sulfuric Acid SOV/2o-121-551-73/50
ASSOCIATION:
PRESENTED:
SUBMITTED:
linearly with time. After an anodic protection of
titaniuL, In both of the investigated solutions of
sulfuric acid practically no corrosion losses were found.
There are 4 figures and 12 references, 9 of which are Soviet.
Institut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute
of Physical ChemistrytAS USSR)
April 11, 1958, by F.A.Rebinder, Academician
April 8, 1956
Card 3/3

AUTHORS: Tomashov, N. D.., Chernova, Co. P., Al'tovskiy, H. M., 32-3-171,1~2
Blinchevskiy, G. K. ----------------------
TITLE: Development of a Method of Metal Dressing by a Solution for the
Purpose of Studying the Rffect of Passivity
(Razvitiye metoda zachistki poverkhnosti metallov pod rastvorom
dlya issledovardya yawleniy pausivnosti)
PERIODICAL-. Zavodskaya Laboratoriya, 1958, Vol. 24, Nr 3, pp. 299-303 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: The method tioned-in the title was developed by G. B. Klark and
GO-Ve Akimov ef. Irj The system was improved in that metal-ewessing
is carried out on the entire part of the surface that is in con-
tact with the electrolyte; the emery stone has an automatically
controlled and constant velocity; the test vessel is thermally
controlled, and experiments can be carried out in an atmosphere
of different gases. A schematical drawing with an exact descrip-
tion is given. The influence of the composition of stainless steel
on the velocity of the formation of the protective coating as well
as that exercised by the composition of the solution upon the
Card V2 latter in tungsten,, zirconitL%, and titanium was investigated. As

Development of a Method of Metal Dressing by a Solution 32-3-17/52
for the Purpose of Studying the Effects of Passivity
may be seen from the results of investigation and from the dia-
grams given., the influence exercised by the compocition of steel
is of decisive importance. Among other things it was found that an
increase of the concentration of chlorine ions in the solution
renders re-establishment of the passivation of zirconium and titan-
ium more difficult$ whereas that of tungsten is rendered somewhat
more easy. The re-passivation of titanium in a 3n. HGJO 0.2n NaJ
solution is independent of the iafluence exercised by the oxygen
in the air, as it promotes the formation of the 'P3-complex ions.
The method described makes it possible to carry out other investi-
gations of this kind as e.g. that of the influence exercised by
protective coatings upon the polarization properties of metals.
There are 4 figures, and 2 re-ferences, 2 of which are Slavic.
ASSOCIATIONs Institute of Physical Chemistry AS USSR (Institut fisicheakoy
khimii Akddemii nauk SSSR)
AVAILABLE: Library of Congress
Card 2/2 1. Metals-Passivity-Effects 2. Metals-Coating4lethods

"Iz. To V S rc qv 11/11
TOMASHOV~ Nikon Donilovich. Prinimali uchastiye: TrXINA, M.N.; PAI&OLOG,
Te.N.; CHMNOVA, G.P.; MIKIIATLOVSKIT, Tu.H.; LUNW, A.F.; TIMO-
NOVA, M.A.; MODRSTOVA, V.N.; MATVRTRVA. T.V.; BYALOBURSKIT, A.Y.;
ZHUK, N.P.; SBPJM3R, A.V.; TITOV, V.A.; VBDMNSYhVA. M.A.; LOKO-
TILOV, A.A.; BERUKSHTIS, G.K.; ORTAGINA, O.G.; FHDOTOVA, A.Z.;
FOKIN, M.N.; MIROLTUBOV, Te.N.; ISAUV, N.I.; ALITOVSKIY, R.M.;
SHCHIGOLEV, P.V.. YEGOROV, N.G., red.izd-va;
takhn.rod.
(Theory of the corrosion and the protection of metals] Teoriia
korrozii i zashchity metallov. Moskva, Izd-vo Akad.rwuk SSSR,
1959. 591 P. (MIRA 13:1)
(Gorrvoion and anticorrosives)

0411!i
Af
I .
HA
tin
Pill
v gel
41
I 'n
01 INN

Nit ITOVSKIY. R.N.
Use of -titanium in some industrial branches. Blul. takh. -9koA. inform,
no.5:84.-87 160. (Titanium) (MIRA 140)

TOMASHOV, N.D.; AL'TOVSX1Y, R.M.; KUSEftDMV, H.Ya.
Method for removing thin oxide films from titanium surfaces and otudy
of their structures. Zav.lab. 26 no.):298-301 16o. (MIRA 13:6)
1. Institut fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk SSSR.
(Titanium oxides)

84631
lg.g~jo Zgogl 1510, 1454 S/076/60/034/010/012/022
B015/BO64
AUTHORS: Tomashov, N. D. and Al'tovskiy, R.
TITLEt Investigat o s of the Mechanism of Electrochemical Corrosion
of TitaniumV I. Corrosion and Passivity of Titanium in
Hy(17rZchloric ~Icid Solutions in the Presence of Platinum,
Copper, and Iron Ions
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii, 1960, Vol. 34, No. 10,
pp. 2268-2274
TEXT: The passivating action of Pt4+_' Cu 2+-, and Fe3+ ions upon other
metals, e.g., stainless steel and titanium has previously been studied
by various reseai-chers, among them by D. G. Monipenni, B. P. Artamonov,
A. I. Shultin, G. P. Maytak, N. I. Gratsianskiy, G. P. Chernova and
N. D. Tomashov, 3). Shleyn and D. Smatko. The electrode potential shifts,
when these ions are added, to more positive values- Uhlig and Geary
(Ref. 9) assumed that Cu 2+ and Fe3+ adsorb on the titanium aurface, take
up electrons and form dipoles whose negative end dips into -.he solution,
Card 1/6

84631
Investigations of 'the Mechanism of Electro- S/076/60/034/010/012./022
chemical Corrosion of TJ.tanium. 1I. Corrosion B015/BO64
and Passivity of Titanium in Hydrochloric Acid
Solutions in the Presence of Platinum, Copper,
and Iron Ions
so that passivatiort is due to a saturation of the valence forces of the
surface atoms of the metal. The present paper investigates the influence
of the Pt4+_, CU 2+-, and Fe3+ ions on the electrochemical and corrosion
behavior of titanium in a 15% hydrochloric acid solution at 250C. BT --TA
(VT-ID) titanium was used (0-13-0.15% oxygen, 0.015% hydrogen, 0.024%': V~
nitrogen, 0.12% iron, 0.03% silicon). The admixtures were added Li the
form of H 2PtCl 6*6K20, CuCl 2' 2H20 or FeCl 3* 6H 20. The experiments were made
in closed vessels, and the rate of corrosion was determined from the weight
loss of the sample. Table 1 gives the results obtained, showing that in
the case of small amounts of admixtures, corrosion is accelerated, i.e.,
4+ 2+ 3+
most by Pt , less by Cu , and least by Fe . An increase in admixture
leads to the passivation of titanium with an efficiency decreasing from
4+ 2+ 3+
Pt over Cu to Fo Anodic polarization (Fig. i) also leads to a
transitiOrL from the active to the passive state, From the curves of
Card 2 6

Investigations of the Mechanism of Electro-
chemical Corrosion of Titanium. II. Corrosion
and Passivity of Titanium in Hydrochloric Acid
Solutions in the Presence of Platinum, Copper,
and Iron Ions
8h631,
S/C)76/60/034/010/012/'022
B015/BO64
cathodic polarization it may be seen (Fig. 2) that in the presence of
the cations added, the polarization curves reach essentially more
positive potentials up to the limiting diffusion current than the curves
in pure hydroenloric acid. Measurements of the constant potential after a
purification of the titanium surface in the solution showed that only if
the pt4+-ion concentration is increased to 3,10-6 g.ion/l in 15% HC1,
titanium remains in passivated state after the purification of the V~
surface. For iron ions, spontaneous passivation is only reached at a
concentration of Fe3+ 1-10-3 g.ion/l. The results show that the Pt4+_
Cu 2+_ , and Fe3+ ions are anodic inhibitors, which due to the acceleration
of the cathodic process (Fig. 2) effect an anodic passivation of the metal
surface (Fig. 1). The action of the Pt4+_ and Cu 2+ ions may take plaoe
in two directions - on the one hand, as cathodic depolarizers, on the
other hand, they form effective cathodic areas thus, accelerating the
Card 3/6

8b631
Investigations of the Mechanism of Electro- S/07 60,1034/010/012/022
chemical Corrosion of Titanium. II. Corrosion B015YB064
and Passivity of Titanium in Hydrochloric Acid
Solutions in the Presence of Platinumt Copper,
and Iron Ions
cathodic process. The Fe3+-ions accelerate the cathodic process only as
depolarizers* By a similar mechanism it is possible that other noble
metals such as pt4+ and Cu2+ bring about the titanium passivation as well
as ions with variable valence (e.g. Sn, Pb etc) in a similar way as the
Fe3+_ions. V. I. Layner and N. G. Kudryavtseva are mentioned in the text.
There are 3 figures, 1 table, and 14 referencess 10 Soviet, 1 US, and 1
German.
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSR Institut fizicheskoy khimii (Academy of
Sciences USSR, Institute of Physical Chemistry)
SUBMITTEDt January 21, 1959
Card 4/6

Table 4 Ta6n Han t
HOPP03UR TItTama a (110%-nou pacToope'coAttmall ituejo-
TU 11 nPIIOyT"Fv" 110MOIN eaeaa, MPAII n warnnu
I

Pacroop AtOR"g."'M.1
PC& I(onnen'tPaw
A(fts"N' a-Wo"M cmvpms. stop-
POSSIN't/mIqlat
1 15% IICI Bea fO6IFvKn 0,23
15% IICI FO" 0, OODOA 0,25
0,00005 0.29
O,MW O,W
15% HCI Gus+! 01000005 0.25
0,0000t 0312
0, 000m 0:30
O.M3 Ox
0,00004 0,0
t5% 11C Pt&+ 0,0000005 0155
0,00000075 0,66

,
' 0100M 0 59

4 0,000(Xi?. o:00
IIC!
15%
+ 3HU
Bea A1 295
+0,8% NOF pts+, 010(XxW5 3W
0,000015
. 323
01~ 320

3/076/60/0341/010/012/022
B015/BO64
Legend for Table 1:
corrosion if titanium in.1
hydrochloric acid solution
in the presence of iron, cop-
port and platinum ions# I
solution, 2 - ad-Sed cation,
3 - co~oentration of the
state in - ion/it cor-,
g
rosion rate in g/ml-hour,
without addition.
lard 5J6

8b631
S/076/60/034/010/012/022
BC!5/BO64
v
40
~Legerdfor Fig. 21 cathodic polarization
mof titaniumt I - 15% KC19 2 15% RCl
+ 0.0065 9 ion/i Fe3+, 3
-0-0 + 0-0056 g:ion/1 Cu2+, 4 15% RCI
45
+ 0-0056 g.ion/l pt4+.
4
4
13,
19J
5 0
Figs -.2
I..Puc.. 2. )VnTO4_nR" PIMIIHR 'rRTanfk:
2-15% JIGI + O.OD05
UOIIJA FC'+; 3 - 15% IICI + 0-0056
::UOHIA cu~*; 4 - 15% ticl + 0,0056
*-UOHIA _PL4+ 55
Card 6/6
fell t I I I j J.# .... I i .........

lit
14,
fSH v 1~.
tit V

no
IS.
41d Jj
u
ill 114 fill rl,v Vill r.

31555
S/081/61/000/022/029,'076
B110/B138
AUTHORS: Tomashov, N. D. , Al tovskiy, M. , Prosvirin, A, V, ,
Shamgunova, R. D.'
TITLE: Corrosion of titanium and its alloys in sulfuric acid
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khimiya, no. 22, 1961, 255, abstract
221151 (rSb. "Korroziya i zashchita konstrukts. metallich.
materialov", M., Mashgiz, 1961, 151-163)
TIM: It has been found that the corrosion-resistance of Ti in H2so4
is increased if the Ti surface is saturated by oxygen and, especially,
by N2and H2- [Abstracter's note: Complete translation.1
Card 1/1

S/081/61/000/023/028/061
B138/B101
AUTHORS: romashov, N. D., Al'tovskiy, It. M., Vladimirov, V. B,,
TITLE: Investigation of the corrosion of titanium and its alloys
in solutions of bromine and methyl alcohol
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khiaiiya, no. 23, 1961, 288,
abstract 231255 (Sb. "Korroziya i zashchita konstrukta.
metallich. materialov". M., Mashgiz, 1c)61, 164 - 172)
TEXT: An investigation of the corrosion resistance of Ti and Ti alloys in
solutions of Br in CH 3011 has shown that alloys with an a-structure, BT1
(VT1)(and BT5 (VT5), are less resistant than those with an a + p structure,
BT3 VT3) and BT3-1 (VT3-1). It is noted that in all the Ti alloys the
rate of corrosion increased with the Br 2 concentration of the solution,
and that Ti iodide is more stable than technically pure Ti. An addition
of water to the C113OH + Br2 was found to reduce the rate of corrosion, due
to the formation of a protective oxide film. Ti is also subject to
Card 1/2

S/061/61/000/023/028/061
Investigation of the corrosion... B138/B101
intercrystalline corrosion, which increases with a reduction of the Br 2
0
concentration in CH 30H from 5 to 1 '/~- If the water content of the
solution is more than 30 5, however, both intercrystalline and general
surface corrosion cease. The corrosion of Ti in Br 2 + CH3OH solutions
is fountt to be of an electrochemical nature, In anhydrous solutions Ti.
can be protected by cathode polarization. For total protection in a 2r~j
solution of Br 2 the potential must be maintained at around -0.350 v-
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation
Card 2/2

S~1556
O8Y61/OOO/O22/O 30/07 6
B110 B138
AUTHORS: Tomashov, N. D., ~.lltovskiLL R. M., Chernova, G. P.,
Atreyev, A. D.
TITLE: Corrosion resistance of alloys of titanium with molybdenum,
chromium, and palladium
PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal, Khimiya, no. 22, 1961, 255, abstract
221152 (Sb. "Korroziya i zashchita konstrukts. metallich.
materialov". M., Mashgiz, 1961, 173-186)
TEXT: It is noted that Pd increases the corrosion resistance (CR) of Ti
more efficiently than Pt. Alloying with mollbdenum increases the
resiatance of Ti as it has less tendency to anodic dissolution than
without this addition. Far from raising its CR, the addition of Cr even
reduces it in some cases. Ternary alloys Ti-Pd-Mo and Ti-Pd-Cr have
greater resistance than the Ti-Pd alloy. This is because the current
required for anodic dissolution of Ti around the potential for complete
passivation is less than when it is alloyed with Mo or Cr. [Abstracter's
note: Complete translation.]
Card 1/1

ALITOVSKIY, R. M.
Cand Chem Soi, Dias -- "Investigation of the moohemism of electro-
chemical corrosion and the protection of titanium in acid media".
Moscow, 1961. 15 pps 20 om (Aead of' Soi USSR. Inst of El-aetroohem).,
200 copies list of 1.0 works by the author on pp 14-15 Ms No 9,
1961, p 17t, No 21~272). 51-50369

2h02l
S/076/61/035/005//004/008
It j.~00 BlOl/B218
AUTHORS: Tomqnhov, 14. D. , Chernova, G. P. and Al to~rikiy, R. M. (Moscow)
TlTLE: Stiidy of the rnftchaniBrn of electrochemical corrosion of
i i + n r, i um. 111, Cerroslor, and el--otrocliemical behavior of
t i t *4!-;, -lum tind tit-%niurrj allc,yr, %i*vh pLAtanum arid pallalinm in
,1~1,,0ions of sulfuric and bydr~,chlcric naid
tERTODICAL: 71,urwil fizicher.Pcy k1jimil, v. 35, no. 'i, 11061, 1068 1077
TEXT: Thp resJs*.Rn.-,e of titartium to high oncPntrutlons and
temperatures abcvp room temperature -has improved b.N- nl1c.,virg with Pt or Pd.
The folIcAing alloys were mad--- of titanium cf the type ST-1 (VT-1), alloyed
in a vacuur. hi gh- frequency furna.~a: nc.. 1: T i t P t ; no, 2 -. TI 4 2 %Pt;
no. 3: Ti % Pd; no. 4: T! i ;l Pd I and no. 5: r,-IT,~ Ti (remoltert VT-1)
The eleotr(.ohemical c-hnraoteristi-s of these rqmplas were studied by
recording the poterti~'-O',atic. polari7nti:-n curve,; w-Ith 9n electroni,,
potentiestat. vlg. I shown the reslili*~,~ nb*%.-,nnd from 40 % F2SO 4 for Ti
and Ti -t 1 % Pt wiln the clvirri- ter' sl I.;, zoints ErT=st-:td:; p-,entiall;
E,,-pas!3ivqtion .)ctPnfJ,0 t,(,rrtspr~rding to tl-.e pa.-isiva',.Cn current I,,;
Card 1/7

4021
9/07(,,/61/055/005/004/008
Study of tLA c1 v1q-:!tro ihorri -11 14 ?G- I /B2 1 B
Eqn = pctential CS C"7r.T.,.1 ele pas.9liv.9 t cr , ?ri es.,:Ond Ing to the nurrent InJC of
the y.Rssive statpi E a-aotivitior, 1. ~q the cqt.hodio, and I athe
nnodio ~~urrpntj EN, p(ttputial of the h.,ydrogen 'Pile other alloys
showed similar r-oults. Fig. 2 presej,ts those Olt~iined from 40, 60, and
7() % H2so 4' As mFi.T 'be seen f rt.-r. Fig. 4. there ar(- -orrosion maxima
ipiith Ti , t,vt on],; )!ii iWh th-3 ,I loys. An.,)d ic tion -Ir HC1 showed
thp same behavacr is in F so4 With Ti in 20 10 ECI Jir 6), however, a
ralhodio c:.,i,.irred due t., the formatin of 4 T-rotent.Lve layer of
t-Oanliju hydride - The ressult.; are as followq: 1) Titnniiar Rlloys
--cntairing Pt and Pd are =(-n more resistant ~c e,orrclicn than pure Ti.
2) in:!reased temperature ard aclid --croze.-'Iraticin omplicates the passivatien
of T1 because the potential is shifted in the direollion cf positive values.
5) In alloys of Ti zontaining Pt and Pd, the steal,, notertial becomes more
positive due to a reduction of the ljdrci,-,en o!-ervoltage by 3150-400 mv arid,
thus, li~-s within ~he r-inge where Tj is completely cr almost completely
passivated. This fact leads to an increase in thp corrosion resistance of
these alloys, 7"here are 7 figures, 2 tables, and 11 references: q Soviet-
)-toe and 6 non-Soviet-bloc. The 2 rc,.gt iinpcrtant referenoes to English-
Card 2/7

B101TB,2g118
3/07 1/035,'005/004/008
Study of the mechanism of electrochemical ...
language publications read as follows: J. 1). Cotton, Chemistry and
Industry, no. 3, 68t 1958; L. B. Golden,.I. R. Lane, W. L. Acherman,
Industr. and Engng. Chem., 44, 1930, 1952.
ASSOCIATION: Akademiya nauk SSSR, Institut fizioheakoy khimii (Academy of
Scienoes, USSR, Institute of Physical Chemistry)
SUBMITTED: August 31 1959
Fig. 1: Potentiostatio curves of anodic polarization of Ti and Ti +1 Pt
in 40 ~ H2 so4at 25 and 500C. Legend: a) schematic anodic potentiostatic
curve (explana tion in the text); 0 cathodic curves: 1) Ti in 0 % 32SO 4
at 2500 and with increasing 1; 2) idem with decreasing 1; )3)1Ti4at gooc;
4) Ti +1 0 Pt at 250C1 5) idem at 50001 anooic curves: 6 T a. 25 C and
with increasing Il 7) idem rith decreasing 11 8) Ti at 500C; 9) Ti +1 Olt Pt
at 250C; 10) idem at 500C.
.Card 3/7

S/020/61/141/004/014/019
B101/B110
AUTHORS: Tomashov, N, D., Alltovskiy, R, M., and Kushnerev, M. Ya,
TITLE: Examination of structure of passive oxide films on the
surface of titanium
PERIODICALt Akademiya nauk SSSR. Doklady, v. 141, no, 4., 1961, 913 - 916
TEXT: The authors studied composition and structure of passivating films
forming in auto-passivation of Ti in various solutions and in anodic
passivation. Reference is made to a previots paper (Zav., lab., no, 3
(!960)). Here, the oxide film forming on oxidizing in air on titanium
and its alloys BT- -5 (VT-5), BT3 (VTZ), and 013 -1 (VTZ.-!) was found to
consist of TiO. In this case, the oxide film was loosened from the metal
base by means of a 5% Br solution in anhydrous methanol, and electrono-
graphically analyzed by "transmission". In the present study, the same
method was used. Composition and strunture of films forming'on Ti were
examineds (1) in auto-passivation in 5~ HC1, 5% H 2s0 4F 6% H11034 1 N NaCl,
1 N NaOH at room temperature; (2) in anodic oxidation in 4eA H 2 s04 at the
Card 1/3

3/020/61/141/004/014/019
Examination of structure of ... B101/B110
potentials -0.05, +1 and +8 v; (3) in oxidation in boiling 650,vf HNO it
3'
was found: (A) Orientation of the metal layer due to polishing of the
surface causes an orientation of the crystals of the oxide film; (B) All
diffraction patterni of the oxide films obtained by the solutions
mentioned under (1) and (2) for -0.05 and +1 v agreed best with the
diffraction pattern of titanium oxide having the composition Ti 2 03* (3-4)TiO2;
(C) In the case of (2) at +8 v, and in the case of (3), the oxide film
consists of TiO 2 havIng an anatase structure which contains a small
quantity of rutile, Electron diffraction patterns obtained by reflection
agreed with the transmission electron diffraction patterns. This confirms
that- removing the film from the titanium surface did not Cald3e a
structural change. Conolusion: TO 2 forms under rigorous oxidation
conditions, Under milder conditions (auto-passivation at room temperature.
anodic oxidation at a positive potential not being too high), the lower
oxide, Ti203' (3-,4)T:LO 29 forms. Under conditions being still milder, the
formation of even lower titanium oxides is possible,. There are 2 figuresv
Card 2/5

S/020/61il4l/004/014/019
Examination of structure of... Biol/Biib
2 tables, and 15 references: 10 Soviet-bloc and 5 non-Soviet-bloc., Tile
two references to English-language publications read as followa: P. H.,
Morton, W. M. Baldwin, Trans. Am. Soc. Metals, AA, 1004 (1953); S.. Ogawa,
D. Watanabe, Sci. Rep. Res. Inat, Tohoku Univ,, no., 2, 164 (1955),
ASSOCIATIONi Institnt fizicheskoy khimii Akademii nauk SSSR (Institute
of Physical Chemistry of the Academy of Sciences USSR)
PRESENTEDt JulY 5, 1961, by V. I. Spitsyn~ Academician
SUBMITTEDt J111Y 4,, 1961
Card 3/3

TOMASHOVY N.D., doktor khim. nauk, prof., otv. red.; GOLUBEV, A.I.,
doktor tekhn. nauk, otv. red.; PALEOLOG, Ye.N., kand. khim.
nauk, red. ; ALI TOVSKIX,,- RJI~ , kand. khim. nauk, red.;
MIROLYMIOV, YeA, kand. khim. nauk, red.; ARKHANGELISKAYA,
M.S., reid.; ISLENTOYEVA, P.G., tekhn. red.
[Corrosion of metals and alloys] Korroziia metallov i SplaVOT;
sbomik., Mosk-wa, Metallurgizdat, 1963. 382 p. (MIRA 16:5)
(Corrosion and anticorrosivea)

ACC M
Monwnssib
Tomashov, Al tov~jlrl R. No
Corrosion and the protection of titanium (Korrosiya i zaahchita titana) Moscow,
Faahgi t 63. 0167 p. inus., biblio., tables. '1!~+ata slip inserted. 405W ropies
printed.
TOPIC TAGS: titanium,, titanium alloy,, titanium compound# corrosion, corrosion reais-
tance, corrosion resistant alloy# corrosion resistant metal,, electrochemical
sis, corrosion protection, metal coatingo protective coatings, metal strese"
electrolyte
PURPOSE AND COVERAGE: The book is based on data published throughout the world for
the pastf, decade. It also includes experimental research conducted by the authors on
thh.'corroaion and electrochemical properties of titanium and the search for new titan
um alloys with greater corrosion resistance. It presents data on the electrochemical
properties, passivity and corrosion resistance of titanium and its alloys. It examin
the fields in which titanium and its alloys can be applied in modern technology. The
book is intended for scientific and engineering-technical workers of research lnati--'.a
tutes and plant laboratories, and also all people interested in the problem of the
corrosion and the protection of metals and in the development and application or
corrosion-resistant titanium alloys or the arrangement of further scientific research
in this field. the book may also be useful for students of weUillurgical, chemical
and technological higher educational institutions,

I. 84_c)7,_6,r T,TP(r- I ART) f AST) 1 1- Tnl/.V n /P,'TV
.ACCESSION NR: AT4043071 S/0000/64/OOU/000/016710174
AUTHOR: Wtovskiy 1. _ki
TITLE: Anodic protection of UA-AmA u-P in acids
SOURCEt HezlivuzovskavA konforentniya po anodnoy zeshchite raietallov ot
__ __ T~)_ . n n - I a
o rr o- zI Isit, ~'nzan, F, F- - A- __ Jn n v.-i - ,i 1i r 11 1 t
t e c t I o n o f me t 31 q ); dokladv* ~,~nfeiprt-, I i M-!; c ov , I zd -vo M a s h i n o -
strovenive, 19~,4, 167-174
TOPIC TAGS: titanium, titanium coTro,;ion anodic protection, titanium
pabsivation, carrosio-A renistant titAniurr n1lov
ABSTRACTi TI-ic feasibi lity of IncrcaFing the corrosion resistance of
titanium bv anodic Vol arizatinn hn- bpen investigated by subjecting
titanium to corronion tests in 40 ano 781 suliuric acids and in 15 and
2~Z hvilrochloric actes , with the potentiAl of the specimens traintained
betwern -1-0.5 and +1.0 V. It vat; foun,1 (nit, it the specimen is im-
mersed in a solution with the anodic CUTrent on, the current density
cae be taken equal to just the ninimurn density renuired for anodic
paRsIvation of titanium In a given acid solution since, In this case,
1/3

1. 8493-65 e!:~'
ACCESSION NRs AT4043071
-t- V d h- t4th-_
-i-th--th-e-curren-t -off --make-s-pas sib to -in- o in -t a Ve r -oa
sition of the specimen into tht active condition. To accouplitth an-
odic protection in this case, It'is necessary to apply an anod-1c cur-
Tent of a density 3 -10% higher than the above minimum density at the
beginning of the process. The maximum density of the protectIve ~:ur-
-rent is determined from the anodic potentiostatic curves. For 40 and
702 sulfuric acid it to D.3 and 1.5 wa/cm2, and for 15 and 25% hydro-
chloric acid it Is 0.1 a,nd Oe3 a&/c=2, respectively. To maintain the
:potential of titanium within the values of +0.5 to +1.0 v In 41D and
1782 sulfuric acid, a currint density of only 0.1-0.2 and 0.5 to
.1.0 uka/CM2, respec.Lively, to required. For 15 and 25% hydrochloric
acids, the corre4ponding figures are 0.5-1.0 and 1.0-2.0 mks/cm2 9
re3p2ctively. Anodic pTotectiots under such conditions practically
eliminated the corrosion losses of titanium in all inventige-ted sulu-
tions. However, the anodic protection of titanium In not alwayr ef-
fective and, In such cases, a TI-Cr alloy which to more stable under
conditions of anodic protection should be used. This alloyhzea con-
siderably lover derisity of anodic-dissolution current in the passive-
ted condition, compared to that of titanium. Orig. art. hast 7 figare3.
,eartin-
1.3

I
I
: L 84)3.65 If.
ACCESSION-M AT4043071 0
ASSOCIATIONs none

ACCESSION NR: Ap4olo485 .1)1/0080/64/03T/001/0126/0131
AUTHOR; AlltoVskiyj R. M.; Tomashova, N.' N.
TITLE: The corrosive and electrochemical behaiior of titanium and
chromium alloys in sulfuric acid
SOURCE: Zhurnal prikladnoy khimii, v- 37, no. 1, 1964, 126-131
TOPIC TAGS: titanium alloys.. chromium -alloys., non-oxidizing acids..
Sulfuric dOid, anode polarization, inertness, anodic protection,
aggressive media, titanium potential, corrosion resistance, over-
passivation
ABSTRACT: A detailed study of the corrosive and electrochemical be-
havior of titanium alloys with chromium in 40% and 70% sulfuric acid
revealed that they have a lower stability than unalloyed titanium,
and that anodic protection reduces the speed of titanium corrosion
hundreds of times, particularly titanium alloyed with chromium. In
titanium-chromium alloys anodic release of oxygen is considerably
less inhibited than in titanium. The results obtained in these tests
Card 1/2

ACCESSION NR: AP4=485
show that titanium-chromium alloys eventually may prove to be suit-
able for insoluble anodes in the electrolytic processes of sulfurin.
acid solutions. When diluted in an active state, corrosion resist-
ance of t'Ltanium-chromium alloys are not superior to unalloyed titan-
ium. Titanium-chromium alloys have a smaller region of potential
stablepassivation than titanium, necessitating more careful control
over the potential for anodic protection. It has been established
that titanium-chromium alloys are subject to overpassivation as well
as secondary passivation in sulfuric acid solutions at high tempera-
tures. Orige, art. has; 2 figures and 1 table.
ASSOCIATION: none
SUBMITTED: 24May62 DATE ACQ-.'14Feb64 ENOL: 00
SUB CODE: n, CH NO REF SOV: 005, OMER: 001
Card 2/2

ALITOVSKIY, R.M.; FEDOTOVA, A,G,; KOH01"I"VO S,.J.
Studying the corrosion properties of yl-trium. Part 1: Effect
of pH on the corrosion and electrochemical behavJor of yttrium.
Zashch. met. 2 no.102-56 Ja-F 166. (MIRA 19:1)
1. Submitted April 19, 1965.

L 01300-67 E T /'E-,T PX' t )/E T
ACC N'Rt AP6003320 N SOL-11CE CODE; UR/0365/66/002/001/0052/0056
AUTHOR: Al'tovskiyj R. Me; Fadotovaj A. G.; Kbrolev, S. I.
ORG: none IVI
TITLE: Investigation of the corrosion properties of y-ttri . I. Effect of the pl, ol.
the corrosion and electrochemical behavior of yttrium
- ~b
SOURCLs Zmahchi-ta metallov, ve 2, no. IF 19"p 52-50'
TOPIC TAGS: yttrium; corrosion resistance~ oleatrochomistry,
ABSTRACT: The effect of the pH on the corrosion resistance and stationary electrode
potential of yttrium containing 0 1% Op 0.3% Si, and 0.3% Cu was studied in solutions
of Na.X + HX and N&X + NaOH types iX was the anion of Cl- or N03 - The corrosion of
yttriun Jn nitrate and at a pH >3 in chlorido solutions oS-.urrbd withA r
m ease in
corrosion rate with time. This indicated the formation of a protectiv (probably
hydroxide) on the surface of the yttrium. Thu dissolr-'rg of yttrium pra-etically ceased
to exist after 50-75 hours of the experiment, The rate of corrosion of yttrium de- '
creased with increased pH. especially in the acid region (pH 2 - 4). The corro lsion ria
was somewhat lower in nitrate than in chloride ---olution. The metal was in the passi
state at a lower pH (10-5) in the nitrate solution than in the presence of Cl- (pH 13).
Yttrium practically did not dissolve in bidistilled H20 with and without addition of

_L 01300-67
ACC NRt AP6003320
alkalies, Thereforep the presence in solution of NO and especially of Cl- has no
effect on the resistance of yttrium to corrosion* ~Rermodynsmically, yttrium should be
a very active metal electrochemically. The standard potential of reaction Y = Y3++3e,
is - 2.37 ve But even the most negative potentialaof yttrium in the solutions studied
were I v more positive6 This suggested the presence of a protective film on the yttrim
surface even in the active state of yttrium. The curve of stationary potential - pH
for yttrium in chloride solution consisted of three parts, The stationary potentials
at a potential below 3 and above 10 decreased with decrease or increase of the PH.,
respoetivolys The potential slightly increasod with a decreased PH in the interval of
pH 10-3a According to Go V, Akimov and r. Lo Rozenfeld (Issladovaniya v oblasti elek-
trokhimicheakogo i korrozionnogo povedeniya metalov i sp1cvovx Oborongizp M6, 1950)p
this can be explained most satisfactorily by the presence of potentials of the film-
pore type on the metal surface* A complete passivation of yttrium in chloride solution
occurred at PH 13* The inflection on the curnft PH 3 indicated a change in surfacetl,
conditions. Probably, at.~ PH 10 only

-AP'%-( -0
AC 00332
with oxygen depolarization. 7ho cathode polarization curves of yttrium in alkaline
solutions indicated that the relationship between overvoltage of H ~) and current
density (ij) at a pH of 13 has the form of:-r,= 108 + 0.22 log i, The dependence of
the overvoltage of hydrogan on tho pH in tho roulon of 1)11 6.2-13 has the form of:
1.22 - 0.038 pH. Orig. art. bass 6 fig.
SUB CODE: 11907/' SUBM DATE; IgApr65/ ORIG REF: 006/ OTH REF; 002

L 04774-67 1,1 tl_k Jp,~, CVV
AZZ N -R,~ j L - -
6025718 SOURCE CODE: UR/0365/66/002/004/0436/0438
'AUTHOR: Alltovskiy, R. M. F~edotovajp A. G.; Korolev,, S. I,
~ORG: none
TITLE: Investigation of the corrosion properties of yttrium III
Corrosion ofyttrium in hydrofluorio said
SOURCE: I~ashchita m6tallov, v, 2p no- 4, 1966, 436-438
TOPIC TAGS: corrosion,, corrosion rate, electrochemistry,, -yttrium,,
chemical kinetics, bydrofluoric acid
ABSTRACT: The corrosion kinetics end the electrocbemicel properties of
yttrium in 2% and 18% HIF were studied at 250 end 900. Reduction in
corrosion rate with time was proved to be due to the formation of a
protective film of YF~*__`Under the test conditions -- 250 hours at 250
and 24-50 hours at 90 the film remained intact, but on prolonged
contact in HF the film breaks down and chips off. Deep pits and film
crumbling were noted in 25 hours in vapor phase tests. Removal of
oxygen from the system bad no effect on the corrosion rate. The
stationary potential of yttrium in HF solutions sbifts to the positive
side with time, indicating passivation. Anodic polarization is the

ALIT-'V.STI1, V. 1.
kh.,.-r0:tcri.,Aiki~ voz(:u-,hnoi linii Ir)skvV-Irkutsk. L~Flirvitoloricbl
charL-teristies of tile 'I:,-scow-Irkutsk air route7- Moskvr, 1931. 192 p., naps.
tables. (IIII VVS RKKL).
SO: Soviet TransR2rtatlon and Commtmications, A Bibliogranhy., Library of Conrress,
ie-feren~e Department, Waskington, 1952, Un7lassified.

ROGINSKIY, S.Z.;_~LITSCIrOUR) O.V.; VINOGFIMU, O.P.;
ritilrol,rurb, O.r.
New variants of chromatographic preparation of high-)Airity gases
axid vapors. Izv. AN SSSR Ser. khim. no.12:214-221 165.
(KIRA 18:2)
1. Institut khimichoskoy fiziki AN SSSR.

ARRARYAN. S.L.; AKSIKLIROD. S.M.; ALKSIM, P.A.; AZMM-'-j-- [deceased].
SISPALOY, D.F. ; GADZHI-KASIHOV, A.S.; ZHLIN, I.A.; LISMURTU, B.M.
ODIWOKOV. V-Pe; RITKARA ZZ, L.A.; SHINSWICH, TV.S.
Neutromr-neutm n pulse mthod for investigating wells ard results of
its use in the Balakhant-Sabunchi-Ramny field. Azerb. neft. khoz.
39 no.21:9-13 N 160o (HIRA 13:12)
(Apsheron Peninsula-Oil well logging, Radiation)

ABRAWAN, S.L.; ALITSHELI, S.A.[deeeased]; TER-GRIGORYAN, Yu.N.
-11-
Effect of jrun perforating on the stability of casings. Neft.
khoz. 40 no.3-1-.47-52 N 162. (MIRA 16:7)
(Oil well casing)

USSR/Microbiolocy - Microbes PatlioC:,enic for Man and jltniLais. F
Bacteria. Bacteria of the Intestinal Graup.
Abs Jaur Ref Zhur Biol., No 22, 1958, 99414
Author Chernoldivostoyaj Ye.V.) ill't8hteyn, A.B., Shirman, G.A.
Inst
Title On the Problem of the Mechanism of the PisiatoxicatinG
Effect of Synthomycin and Levomycetin.
OriG Pub Antibiotiki, 1957, 2, No 6, 45-49
Abstract Synthamycin (S) in vitro failed to neutralize the taxi-
city of bacteria of paratylgiaid D and Flexner dysentery
of raice after the bacteria were killed by heatinG. The
effect of S and Levomycetin (L) upon the experim-ital
intoxication of white mice caused by intraperitoneal in-
jection of andotoxin pf paratyphoid D and dysentery ba-
cilli of Flexner was investiL~pted. A single oral adminis-
tration of S or L in semifluid aGar proved ineffective.
It was thts demonstrated that these antibiotics do not
Card 1/3
- 78 -

fit. TS'1117-c- Y
ALTSTEIN, A.D.
Interference between took-borne encephalitis and poliomyelitis viruses
in tissue.culture. II. Mechanism of cell resistance to poliovirus in
tissue cultures infected with tick-borne encephalitis virus. Acts,
virol. 6S481-486 162.
1. Instituto of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, U.S.S.R.
Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow.
(ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSM) (POLIOVIRUS)
(VIRUS CULTIVATION)

GINSBURG# N.A.1 LASYMOVp K.T.1 ALITSHTEYN-p A.De
Coq*rative study of various methods -I ti*ating virue-noutralizing
antibodies to the polioMelitis virus in tissue cultur%. Vop.
virus. 5 zo,, ls20-25 Ja-F 160o (MIRA 14W
lo,Institut po isuoheni poliomiyalita AMN SSSRr Moskva.
(POLIOMYELITIS~ (ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES)

AVAKYAN, A.A.; ALITSHTEYN, A.D.; KIR140VA, F.M.; BYKOVSKIY, A.F.
Means for the improvement of laboratory waallpox diagnosis, Vop.
virus. 6 no.2sl96-203 Mr-Ap 161. (MIRA 14:6)
1. Laboratoriya *rrologii virusiov i elektronnoy mikroskopii
Instituts. po izuoheniyu poliomyelit4L AMN SSSR, Moskva.
(SM"UOX)

ALITSHTEYN, A.Do
Titration of the tick-borne encephalitis virus and virus-
neutralizing antibodies in a culture of human embryonal
fibroblasts by the poliorqelitis virus interference phenomenon.
Vop.virus 7 no.5:529-534 S-0 162. (MIRA 15:11)
1. Inatitut poliomiyelita i virusnykh entsefalitov AW1 SSSR,
Moskva.
(ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES) (POLIOHYELITIS VIRUSES)
(ANTIGENS AND ANTIBODIES)

ALITSHTEYN, A.D.
Study of acute and chronic infection caused by ti k-borne
encephalitis virus in tissue culture. Report No.l: Early
stages of interaction of the virus of tick-borno encephalitis
with the cell. Vop. virus no.6s707-712 11-D 163. (MIRA 17t6)
1. Institut poliomielita i vinisnykh entsefalitov AMN SSSR, Mos)rva.

AVAKYAN, A.A.; ALITSHTEYN, A.D.; YAN ZHU S1 [Yang Ju-hsi)
Stivly of arute and chronic infection caused by tick-borne
encephalit!.s virus In tissue culture. Report No.2: Dynamics
of accumulation and mechanism of spread of the virus of tick-
borne encephalitis in tissue culture. Vop. viras. no.6s
713-719 N-D 163. (KIRA 117s6)
1. Institut poliomielita i virusnykh entsefalitov AMN SSSR,
Moskva.

ty
b-i r 8s6)
64 (KRA
9
nr, jjl~, p.:.ri ! til k ns' 10"09 oheak-'Wi p7eparatov
T a r n 11

YY
Go
j by
Vol) tri T 1, 5
f t- c 6 A~ C. I .
(MMA
Al.
IN 5-

ALITSHULI, Ae (Chernovt8y)
wommim
Activity of news photographer cells. Sov.foto. 19 no.1:17-18
A 059. (NIRA 12:3)
(Photography, Journalistic)

ALITSHULIJ A.
Wall newspaper of the hirhway transport workers of Bukovina. Avt.-
transp. 40 no.2:9-10 F 062. (MIRA 15:2)
1. Zamestitel' otvetstvennogo sekretarya redaktsii gazety
"Radyans'ka Bukovina."
(Bukovina--Highway transport workers)
(Bukovina--Wall newspapers)

ALITSHULO, A.-De- FA 32/49T41
USSF/Engineerins Nov/Dee 48
Eydraulics
Pressure Drop
"Making Use of Zhukovsk5y's Problem to Determine
Local Losses of Pressure Jn Pipes," A. D. Alltshul',!
Cand Tech Sci, Mem, Soo of Writer Supply and Sanlta-
tion Eng,neering, 3 p-P
"Vest Inzhener I Tekhnik" No 6
Explains method and appllea It to calculation of
lose of head due to diaphragms, sudden contractlona,
ynlves, ate,
/49Th 1

-- s *-
22433. ALITSHV7,1, A. D. Uvelichenie vopotplvlertiya trubopovod*V v potsesse ikh
eksploatataii. Gidrotekhn stroit-vo, 1949, No. 7., Sp 6-9.
SO: LETOPIS' No. 30o 1949

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I, a L a A 1, L A a .. A, 4 1 1 1 W I, - "'W. 1'.11"
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a, 14111R '1 1.40
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9111 lit 617A=. Ow. Ima
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IF 06% ihiks tbm Im Ae
0 lim hrtaf" low torlm"t no i.0 0
"I Ok vilrular tulip of radisis v sewl Ist(lic v1t I Jett Ite) ltoll,IR
lerts lerlamn *W mA 3,30.03M I'M* I" PIMIRM to N, in meaff,-
imbi with an aramasplian of ZI-mlinvoki That thr th"neveoe of The 000
Neu rklAAr
6)" in a tulip Amid 1W invf4wlv rver"Wl"Al in the
0 nnw "&WHY. 11. liar, Me"glan.1
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01 0 0 0 0 *1** 0* 0 9 0 0 4949,111 0 O's 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 111 0 0 a 06 0-Ode

uWRAngineering - Hydrodynmics San' 51
"On Distribution of Velocities During Turbulent
Flow of Liquid,In Pipes," A. D. AlItsbull, Cand
Tftb Sci
"Gidrotekh Stroi" No 1, PP 33-35
Criticizes Prandlt-Carman theory of tuTbulent
notion as unsubstantiated, based on assumptions
vhIch contradict exptl data. Suggests new bypoth-
esis on proportionality of length of stirring
path to velocity under conditions of laminar mo-
tolou. Deduces, from this hypothesis, a formula
U&SRtEngineering - Hydrodynamics Jan 51.
(Contd)
for distribution of velocities of turbulent mo-
tIon in round pipes, considering the formulas
of Prandtl and Carman as individual cases justi-
fied only near pipe valls.
19M9.

till ItO
1 A
,eT4
00
0 jot

Resistaftev of Pilw1inv.. In litamaw) A~ 1).
*so
Al
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t
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i
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in
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is
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. 114
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,
2.
PrOIXIM-1 R fill"MU6 tOllft-Whinig, in A NO-M-Till WJ~', Ow dvIm-nd-
1,114v of trile re*6141)(V un Ifir slubir (14mblioll taf dw 111%lde tif ago
we
o:i timer then 241 diffe-frm 1)]W~ M 114INM lk-t-All-n lit"%whk
n ... 1xv finlits 30W and up
llicaliflifY of th~ to Ol

byrnm1a. Data are ldbuiated and v tv
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see
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e

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33"* N,Istjoms Rejurro
In Tutics. ~ 111 111,10-11, 1 'k 1) %1'"1"
MAW V Asidemil SO"k SSSH-
p. 4fti-Iffl.
A Imid Itsetmetic-al
mdt% all- I halfd.

ILITSHULP A. D*
USNVYWtewology - Admi n' s1jmt1on of Hydrometeorological Service Jul 52
*Articles and Commications" tMeteorol I Gidrol" No 7# PP 23-43
0, 0, Kridhakp Cand Geog Scd, Moscow Cm Inst of Ym-matings 'Genstio GlassinesUm of
cloudso; X. V. Petisov,, A1x*-4t&,, Votermination of Barto Z-ndancy"I'A. G. Bulafto and
H. 1, Soroebmkowl, Minsk, "Hising AmIal. Currafto of Umisuml Strength*1 So He lombehaws
Nomosmiyakp "Abr&u40ymKi6 Awomettoral $tap OtUrml Wme In Protection of Citrus
P2ants F~mm ftoatam; A. A. Bystrov, Knelnikovop Agrometocrol Sta, =45 (A&dlm of
309 Mazinimm SM. "FIroblem of Tooting Accelerated Methods for Drying
Sail During nold DeUrmijuition of Ito Masture*; V. H. Parashin and H. S. Salovs
Moscovo Con Inst of Forecaitting, "Setting Up of Observations of Show Cover In Regions
of Fleld-Protecting Forest Delta"; A. D* Alltshiml,, Cand Tech ScLq Hosoov Constr Inst of
Moscow Soviet,, "Generalized Formula of Coefficiatit of &*zy for Open River Bedsm;
I* I. Soloveychik Vladivoctok , Far last Ron IV&metowol Inst, lUmplifted Sohows
for Treatamt of haily Cycle 4 Observation of CtnTmts by the Aethod of Harmonic
Analysis In Accordance, With the Method of Arctic Institute.0
PA 230T83

-7~ v 10
I ~ V4 5wz- /
ALITSHULI, A.D,
The quadratic formmla of resiptance to flow in pipes. Trudy
Stroi.inst. Mosgorispolkoma no.4:116-120 153, (HLRk 813)
(Hydr-odywmios)

lau-IZ-aluLf k6 D 4
Dissertations "investigation of the Capacity of Wraulic Systems." Dr Tech
Soi, Moscow Inal, of Engineers of Water RconcW iment, V. R. Vil 'yams, 17 Noy 54.
VecherrWaya Moskva,, Moscow,, 7 May 54,
SOt SUN 284j, 26 Noy 1954

USSR/Processes and Equipme-t for Chemical Industries - K-2
Control and Measuring Devices. Automatic Regulation.
Abs Jour : Ref Zhur - Khimiya, No 2, 1957, 6985
Author : Al'tshull, A.D.
Inst :
:* ___iia
Title Deter mattofi~f the Rate of Flow in Pipes by Measurement
of Velocity at a Single Point.
Orig Pub : Imerit. tekhnika, 1956, No 3, 4o-42
Abstract : Consideration of problems relating to determination of
coordinate of mean velocity point during movement of the
medium through a pipe. Experiments carried out with tu-
bes of different diameter and different condition of the
wall, over the entire range of Re values that is of prac-
tical interest) have shown a constant position of the
layer moving at mean velocity of the flow and situated at
a distance of 0.233 r from the wall. It is noted.that
minimum diametex of pipes for which it is appropriate to
Card 1/2

USSR/Processes and Equipment for Chemical Industries - K-2
Control and Measuring Devices. Automatic Regulation.
Abs Jour Ref Zhur - Khimiya, No 2, 1957, 6985
determine the rate of flow according to the method of ve-
locity determination at a single point, is of about 10 mm.
Even appreciable deviations in the position of the point,
selected for the measurement of meazL velocity, from the
theoretical value, equal to 0.223 r, cause only very
small changes in the determined magnitude of the rate of
flow. For example, an error of about 1o% in the position
of the measuring instrument results in an error of about
1.5% in the determination of the rate of flow.
Card 2/2

ALITSHULI, A.D. (Moskva)
Frictional resistanci of plates of average surface roughness in
turbulent boundary lsqars. Izv.AN SSSR Otd.takh.xauk no.3'162-167
Mr '56. (MLRA 9-7)
(Boundary lRyer) (Frictional resistance (HydrodynamIcs))

ALITSHULI A, , .9#kva)
Basic principles of uniform flow of water through channels. Izv.
AN S&'*R.Otd.takh.nauk no.5:83-94 My 156. (KLMA 9:8)
(E~rdrodynamlcs)

A'I
PERIODXCAL ABSTRACTS
Sub.: USSR/Engineering AID 4173 P
-AL I-TSHUL 1 0 A. D.
0 RASPREDELENII SKOROSTEY PRI TURBULENTNOM TYCHENII ZHIDKOSTI
V TEKHNICHESKIKH TRUBOPROVQDAKH (on distribution of velocity
in turbulent flow of liquid in conduits). Teploenergetika,
no. 2, F 1956: 47-50.
A theoretical analysis simplifying the computation of flow
velocities in conduits. Data obtained from a series of
experiments with steel conduits are presented and a formula
for the calculation of the friction ratio is given. Five
diagrams.

ALITSHULI, A.D.
Tubes having critical depth for measuring waste water flow.
Vod. t san. tekh. no.8:26-29 Ag '56. (MLRA 9.10)
(Flowmeters)

AUTHOR ALITSHULI A.D., PA - 28o8
TITLE iquids of High Viscosity by Variable Level and Theory of
aglers Viscosimeter.
(0b istechenii zhidkostey znachitallnoy vyazkosti pri peremennom,
urovne i teorli viskozimetra englera - Russian)
PERIODICAL Zhurnal Tekhn. Fiz., 1957, Vol 27, Nr 4, pp 8o5-811, (U.S.S.R.)
Received 5/1957 Reviewed 6A957
ABSTRACT The experiments show that the flow rateemay vary considerably and
that it does not only depend on the viscosity of the liquid and the
diameter of the hole but also on the amount of effective pressure. In
1950 the relation~t- f(ReH) was discovered which was later oonfirmed,
On account of the investigations hitherto carried out it is shown that
eu - Re H i.e.that theoretical and experiment&I results agree, mid that
_7~72
therefore this expression serves as a basic for further investigations,
On the basis of this relation the out-flow time is then calculated, on
which occasion the viscosity of the liquid during the outflow period is
taken into account, the latter being directly proportional to kinematic
viscosity. This is confirmed by experiment. Calculation of an exaziple is
carried out, and the out-flow time is shown to be aborter by more than
half if viscosity is disregarded. The results of the investigation are
applied to the theory of the viscosimeter of Engler for the sake of pre-
Card 1/2 cision. The curve obtained here practically coincides with that of

Flow of Liquids of High Viscosity by Variable PA - 28o8
Level and Theory of.Englers Viscosimeter.
Uballhode but it noticeably deviates from those which correspond to
the formulae of Mises and Schiller~ who disregarded pressire losses
at the entrance into the socket.
(With 6 illustrations and 7 citations from Slav publications)
AtISOCIATION Institute for Municipal Building, Moscow,(Institut inzh. gorodskogo
IMMED Br stroitellatva)
SUBMMIM 7.7-1956
AVABABLE Library of Congress
Card 2/2

SHMWV4 V.V. kandidat toklinichaskikh nauk,
MOMMIMMAIMI .
Head losses during uniform movement.of a fluid in pressure pipes. Gidr.
atroi, 26 no,5r4?-M My 157 jHydraulIcs) (MLRA 10t6)

. ALITSHULI, A.D., dots.
I-
Hydraulic modeling of turbulent flows In pipolines. Nauch.
dokl.vyo.shkoly,- strot. no-2:271-274 ' 58. (91RA 12:1)
(Pipelines-Rodels)

., dots., kand.tokhn.nauk; KALITSO, V.I,, aspirant
414T,9= ',,_A
Stago formula for the distribution of velocities In a pipe. Naach.
dokl.vys.shkoly; stroi. no-3t237-241 158. (MIRA 12:7)
1. Rekomendovana kafedroy kanalizateit i gidravliki 14askovskogo ins-
tituta Inzhonerov gorod skogo atroitelletva Mosporispolkoma.
(Hydraulics)

ALITSHULI, A.D., kand. taktan. nauk; KALITSUN, V.I., Insh.
_. I -
Hydraulic resistance of welded joints witb packing rings.
Strol. truboprov. 3 no.B.-4-7 Ag 158- (MIRA 11:11)
(Pipelines--Welding)

JLLITXMI. A.De; SVISHNIKOV. I.P.; LAWCYV, Yu.M.
.% - mm*"0146~ 1
Generalized relations for hydraulic calculations of low and high
pressure gas pipeline$. Tod, i can. tekh. no,404-39 Lp 558.
(Gas, Natural-Pipelines) (MIR& 1194)

A UT 110IR AlItshul'. A.D. ~MV/115-58-6-31/43
TITU: A Theory of a Viscosimeter for the Determination of Relative
Viscosity (K teorii v1skozzinetra dlya opredeleniya uslovnoy
vyazkosti)
P-PRIODICAL: lzmeritellneya tekhnika, 195P, Nr 6, pp 78-80
ABSTRACT: The viscosimeter of type VU (~-ngler) consists of a cylindrical
vessel with a spherical bottom and a capillary tube (Figure 1).
Viscosity in VU degrees (OE) Js determined by the relation
of the discharge time of 20C cu cm of a testeO liquid to the
discharge time of the same quantity of water. The conversion
of VU degrees to kinematic viscosity is difficult (Ref. 1).
On the basis of References 3,4 and 5 a theory is proposed
here which corresponds to the experimental data. The loss of
pressure during discharge, the form of the viscosimeter, etc.,
Card 112 are taken into account. The relation between VU degrees

SOV/115-r8-6-;11'4'z
J
. A Theory of a Viscosimeter for the Determination of Relative Viscosity
and the kinematic viscosity V is OVU - 1-~.67 v.
There are 2 graDhs, 1 diagram and e references, 6 of which
are Soviet and 2 German.
Card 212

AUTHOR: AlIts A.D. (Moscow)
JITLE; BaoiG of the,. _ Colebrook E(Juation (On the Speed and
Resistance Profile in the Case.of Turbulent Flow in
Commercial Pipe Lines) (K obosnovaniyu formuly Kolebruka
(0 profile skorostey i soptotivleniy pri turbulentnom
techenii v tekhnicheskikh truboprovodakh)
PERIODICALs Izvestiya akademii nauk SssRt otdoleniye tekhnicheskikh
nauk, 1958, Nr 6, pp 122-125 (USSR)
ABSTBj1CT1 Over a number of years the formula derived in 1939 by
Colebrook (Ref 1) has been extensively used, which was
obtained by interpolation between the well-known formulae
of Prandtl and of Nikuradzu for hydraulically smooth and
completely rough pipes respectively. It can be shown
that the Colebrook formula is the result of a more general
expression obtained by means of the semi-empirical theory
of turbulence which takes into consideration the influence
of viscosity of the liquid; it can also be shown thatt
without loss of accuracy, this formula can be substituted
by simpler relations which can be solved directly for the
Card 115 appropriate unknown quantity. Let us consider the steady
state uniform turbulent flow of a liquid in a pipe of

SOV/24-58-6-24/35
'Basis of the . Colebrook Equat4on (on the Speed and Resistance
Profile in the Case of Turbulent Flow In Commercial Pipe Lines)
circular cross-section with a diameter d and an
average size of the roughnesses k ; the dynamic
viscosity coefficient of' the liquid will be and its
density will bo Applying the appropriate relation
for the taqgentia~ ;tress in the case of turbulent flow
along the wall,,-r (p + A) du/dy, where -rp::~-ro , we
obtain U2 + dM u = Vl~_U.2_ (2)
(
dy %
where N andV are the kinematic coefficients of
molecular ~nd turbulent viscosity and u. is the dynamic
speed. From this the final simplified equation
-1 = 7.8 - 5.75 1g L-111 + i-
ux~ ( U4. Y Y)
is obtainedg which can be used for calculating the basic
relations of turbulent flow in pipelines. In contrast
to the known Karman-Prandtl formulae, this formula takes
Card 2/5 into coAsideration simultaneously the influence of the
viscosity of the liquid as well as the influence of the

BOV/24-58-6-24/35
Baois of ';hc . Colebrook EquatioD (On the Speed and Resistance
Profile in the Case of Turbulent Flow in Commercial Pipe Lines)
roughness of the tube walls. The formula Eq (10), and
the here-quoted simplified formula, Eq (11), apply to
the entire range of turbulent flows in pipes and include
as particular casesq the known Karman-Frandtl formulae
for hydraulically smooth and for completely rough surface
tubes (Ref 5). It is pointed out that both formulae
were obtained without applying the Prandtl scheme of
sub-dividing the flow into a turbulent nucleus and a
laminary sub-layer but considering the turbulent flow as
one entity. The drived Eq (10), in the same way as the
Colebrook formula (Eq 1)9 is unsuitable for practical
calculations since the un1mown coefficient of friction
is in the left-hand as well as in the right-hand part of
the formula; however, It is possible to present the
formula in a sJ-tpler form, Eq (14). The calculations
of the author of this paper as well as results of other
authors, have shown that Eq (14) is practically
Card 3/5 coincident with the Colebrook formula, Eq M9 but is
considerably more convenient for calculations since it

SOV/24-58-6-2V35
Basi6 -of the Colebrook Equation (On the Speed and Resistance
Profile in the Case of Turbulent Flow in Commercial Pipe Lines)
provides the possibility of determining directly the
magnitude of the friction coefficient. Calculations havc
shown that for the cases which are most likely to occur,
the friction coefficient can be approximately expressed
by Eq (17). The results of verification of the obtained
formula for the friction coefficient, Eqs (11+) and (17),
have been published by the author as well as by other
authors. The verifications were based on the experi-
mental results obtained by MNI, VT1, VODGEO, TsAGI,
M11GSj Freeman, Zimmermann, etc. During recent and
during older experiments the here-described semi-empirical
theory of turbulent friction was also used for Investi-
gating other cases of flow; thereby for obtaining the
resistance coefficient of the rough plate, the relationg
0.031+ i + 50 0.2 24)
(X T H-e )
was obtained; furthermorev for the'Chezy coefficient in
Card 4/5 the case of turbulent flow in canals the expressions

SOV/24-58-6-24/35
Baoin of thc Colebrook Equation (On the Speed and Resistance
Profile in the Case of Turbulent Flow in Commercial Pipe Lines)
C = 20 1g R (25)
i :~ 0.00P VIT
was obtained, where 0 is the Chezy coefficient in'\G/Sec,
i the inclination of the canal, L the derived linear
roughness in mm, R hydraulic radius in mm. Both
formulae were satisfaotorily confirmed by experimental
data. There is I graph and there are !6 referenaes,
(13 Soviet, 1 German and 1 English).
SUBMITTEDS FEbruary 13, 1956
Card 515

SOV/137 -7
-59 -15105
Translation from: Heferativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, 1959, Nr -(, PP 131 - 132 (USSR)
AUTHORS: Al'tshul', A.D., and Kalitaun, V.I.
TIT1.E: Hydraulic Ro3istance of Welded Butts With Backing Rings
PERIODICAL.- Str..-vo truboprovodov, 1958, Nr 8,, pp 4 - 7
ABSTRAM, Special investigations were carried out on an aerodynamic installation
to determine the actut.1 hydraulic resistance, caused by backing rings'In
pipes. Experimental 'Lests were made with pipes of 99.7; ~05 and 302.6 min
in diameter, without:butts and with butts and backing rings. The tests
proved that hydraulic resistance of Dipes with butts increased considerably,
whereby hydraulic butts appeared as local resistanco. In the tests the
reciprocal effect of butts-on-hydraulic resistance did not oacur,-already
at a distance between the butts of 1 = 2 m. The effect of butts oh-the
resistance increased with reduced pipe diameter and same I (distanbe- between
butts) . Tho experimental dependence between the factor of local res-'stance
of the butt (~ St) and the 0 l/ 422 ratio was found, wher,~ Co ,/W is the
Card 1/2 ratio of the pipe cross sections area in portions contracted by ihe backing

Hydraulic Resistance of Welded Butts With Backing Rings SOV/137-59-7-15105
td-th~i-fr,ee of it. The relative increase of-reBletance, caused by butts with backing
ring.9,, wan determin'ed by the following formula: K . 1 + C st.* Ohl where 7L - 0. 1
(k/dr~ ; K - 0.3 mm for pipes in operation; C.,t was found aLcording to the- experimental
curve C st = f ((J l/ Q~,) . M.K. .
Card 2/2

(Cand.Tooh.'Sci.) SOV/06-58-10-18/25
AUTHOR: L"Jmh_ql'
TrTLE: The velocity profile and resistance during turbulent flow in
induatria.1 pipe-work. (0 profile skorostey i soprotivlonii pri
turbulentnom techenii v takhaicheakikh truboprovodakh)
PERIODICALs Teploenergetika, 1958, No.10. pp. 76-78
ABSTRACT: This article gives simplified semi-empirical expressions for the
velocity profiles and frictional resistance in pipe-work. A
previously published general formula for the velocity profile during
turbulent flow in pipes is stated. Further expressions are then
offered for thr coefficient of friction, the velocity profile an& the
velocity distTibution. Relationshipp are then established between
the exponents in these functions. A convenient expression in then
obtained for the approximate velocity distribution during turbulent
flow in pipe-work. Published data in the recommended system of
co-ordinates are plotted in Figs. 1 & 2, and it is shown that general
agreement with the recommended formula is good. The recommended
formula mity also be useful in boundary-layer theory, where the use of
logarithmic velocity distribution formulas complicates the
calculation. Calculated and experimental data for teats on pipes of
Card 1/2

-The-vijlocity profile and resistance during turbulent SOV/96-38-10-18/25
flow in industrial pipe-work.
varioue materials and diameters are compared graphically in Fig.31
agreement is good. Thera are 3 figures and 8'Sftiet-references.
I - , I. - :1.,
ASSOCUTION: The Moscow Institute of Urban Construction Bagineers (Mookovskiy
Institut, Inzhenerov gorodskogo stroitellstva)
Card 2/2

ALITSHULlp A#D~
Gengralixed'dimensionless number of resistance and its use
In bydraulta. calculat tolls -[with Bummary In Ingligh] 6 Inshe-
tlg.xhur. no.12:79-82 58. (MIRA 11:12)
'4,
InstlNut Iniho4ilrow gorodekogo strottelletvaig. Mookwis.
V. . . (Hydrodynamics)

A:UTHOR: (Moscow) SOV/24-59-1-21/35
TITLE: Itydraulic Models for Uniform Turbulent Flow in Pipes
and Channels (0 gidravlinheskom modeliro-vanii
ravnomernykh turbulentnykh potoko-., v tniboprovodakJ3. i
kanalakh)
PERIODICAL: Izve stiya Akademii Nauk SSSR., 01,deleniye Tekhniaheskikh
Nauk, Energetika i Avtomatika,1959,Nr l,pp 121-123(USSR)
ABSTRACT: Pi e Flow. The general nature of hydrodynamic foroes
ring the equality of Reynolds number is briefl
discu, E (
ssed. If Newtonl.a condition, giNen by q 1 , 1~1
holds then there must be geometric-al similarity between
model and full s-,ale. Furthpr, the Darcy friction
coefficient ?, must be identical and its relation to
Reynolds number and to the relative surface roughne-ss
is br:Lefly discussed. The semi-ampiriozal theoi-j of
turbulence gives Eq (1.7) and leads te. the final
relation give 'n by Eq (1.9), suffix M referring to 'the
model and suffix H to the full scale. Eq (1.10)
refers to the particular case cf equa' surface
L
roughness and it is pointed cut- -that the use of
Card 1/2 identical Reynolds numbers alone is valid only for very

SOV/24-59-1-21/35
H,ydraulic Models for Uniform Ttirbu-lent in Pipes and Channels
smoot'a surfaces.
Chcann(~l Flow. Eq f2.1.) shows the equality of the Chezy
.ceffi,.-,ient, while Eq (2.2) J-&-icates the Froude,
nvmber must be the same for both modell and full scale.
The 't-ad slope -- -."Ls br~.usht -into E:-, ~2,3) and the
semi-qnpirical Eq (2 .5) involves the roughness of the
chanael suiface. Eq (2.6) and (2.?) show the relations
which i-yast hold between model and full scale.
The roughness values raccmn raed are based on the
work cf Manning or Bazin; for small Reyr,.:ilds numbers
and special types of roughness -'.--he Chezy -:cafficient
depends upon Reynolds number. 1here ar-- 9 references
of which 7 are Soviet and 2 Italian.
SUBMITTED: 20th May 195?
Card 2/2

vil- - I - P9kanfl.tn1-hn.nAuk, dots.: KALITSUH, V.I., inph.
Investigating the hydraulic resistance of welded joints with
lining rings. Izv.vye.ucheb.zav.; energ. 2 no-5:135-142
159. (MIM 12-'10)
1. Mosknvalriy Inutitut Inzhnnerev gorodekogo stroitel'stva.
(Pipe-Hydrodynamics)

ALITSHULI. A.D.,, kand.tekhn.nauk dots.
3fficiency of a pipeline. Izv.v7s.ucheb.zav.; anerg. 2 no.6:
m-'116 je '59- (MIRA 13:2)
1. Mookovslciy Inatitut inzhenerov gorodakogo stroitel'stva.
Predutavlena kafedroy gidravliki i kanalizatsii.
(Pipelines)

ALITSHULI, A.D.,k!Lnd.tel:hn.nauk; ULITSUN. V-I.,inzh.; KISLYUK, F.I.,
.L.--" 11 - I,doktor tekhn.nauk; XJMMMYN. A.G..kand.tekhn.nauk
Hydraulic reeistance of pipeline joints made by-resistance
butt welding on ILTSA-1 equipment. Stroi.timboprov 4 no.l:,?-
10 Ja 159- NIRL 12:1)
(Pipelines-Welding) (Pipalinen-Teating)

ALITSOLI, A,D,
t-
IWO066f
Selecting a formula for the hydraulic calculation of gas pipelines.
Oazoprome 4 no*8140-43 Ag 159m (MMA 12 t.11)
(Gas, Natural--Pipelines)

66177
SOV/143-59-10-17/22
AUTHORS: AlItshull A D LLa~~ of Technical Sciences, Do-
K 0v, S.N.
TITLE- The Calculation of Head Loss in a Turbulent Flow in
Pipes by Nomographs With Tangential Contact
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya. vysshikh uchebnykh --nvedeniy, Energetika,
1959, Nr 10, pp 98-102
ABSTRACT: For determining the loss of head in a turbulent flow
in pipes the equation i = P (Q, d) is derived from
the well-known Darcy-Weissbach form-.11a in combination
with C.F. Colebrook's interpolation formula ZR-ef 12;
where i - hydraulic gradient and Q - liquid flow. The
solution of the aforementioned equation by nomographs
is discussed. Usually, nomographs of adjusted points
are plotted for solving problems of the loss of head
during the motion of a liquid or gas in pipes. The
equation i = F (Q, d) cannot be represented by nomo-
graphs of adjusted points and therefore nomographs
Card 1/3 with tangential contact had to be plotted. The solute

66177
BOV/143-59-10-17/22
The Calculation of Head Loss in a Turbulent Plow in Pipes by Nomo-
graphs With Tangential Contact
tion of the aforementioned equation is discussed as
one of the practical applications of a -eneral method
described in S.N. Borisov's paper fRe f P. Another app-
lication of nomographs with tan tial contact was dis-
cussed in D.G. Laptev's paper ?Ren for equation sets
f2 (v) fl(u) + f 3(w); f2 (11) = _P 1 + f4(t). The equa-
tion i F (QP d) is represented by a nomograph with
tangential contact consisting of parallel logarithmic
scales Q and i and arcs d, as shown in Fig 1. The plot-
ting of the nomograph is described in detail. As an
example, a nomograph with tangential contact is shown
in Pig 3, which is used for calculating a low-pressure
gas pipeline according to a generalized formula shown
by D.A. Al'tshul' and UOtbers ZR-ef 82. Parametric equa-
tions for the elements of the nomograph for i = P (Q,
d) are given. This papor was presented by the Kafedra
Card 2/3 gidravliki i kanalizat:3ii (Chair of Hydraulics iK

66177
SOV/143-59-10-17/22
The Calculation of Head Loss in a Turbulent Flow in Pipes by Nomo-
graphs With Tangential Contact
and Sewerage). There are 3 diagrams and 8 references,
7 of which are Soviet and 1 English.
ALISOCIATION: Moskovskiy institut inzhenerov gorodskogo stroitell-
stva (Moscow Institute of City Construction Engineers)
(A.D. Al'tshull) Vychislitel'riyy toentr AN SSSR (Com-
puting Center of the AS USSR) (S.N. Borisov)
SUBMITTED: April 8, 1959
Card 3/3

- ALTSIMI, A. D. (Moscow)
"On the Velocity Profile and on Hydraulic Pressure of Tarbulent Flows
In Comercial Pipes."
report presented at the First All-Union Congress on Theoretical and Applied
Mechanics, Moscow, 27 Jan - 3 Feb 196o.

ALITSHULI A.D. KALITEUX, V.I.
I
Losses of pressure In reduction and diffusion pipe sections with
gate valves, Gaz,prome 5 no.2:35--39 7 160. (MIRA 13:6)
(Pipelines)