SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT KULKOV, V. V. - KULL, M. M.

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SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT
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KULIKOV, Vasiliv Vasillyevich; TOROPCHIIII, II.S., red. [.Path toward profitableness) Putt k rentabellnosti. Rostov- na-Donu, Rostovskoe knizImoe izd-vo, 1,964. 26 p. (MIRA 18;8) Ko, 124-11-13492 Translation from: Referativnyy Zhurnal, Mekhanika, 1957, Nr 11, P 163 (USSR) AUTHOR: Kullkov, Ye. V. TITLE: The Determination of Certain Parameters of Spiral Springs in Cylindrical Containers (Otyskani3t nekotorykh parametrov spiral' noy pruzhiny, rabotayushchey v barabane ) PERIODICAL: Tr. Leningr. voyen. - mekban. in-ta, 1955, I"h-. 3, pp 328-3.33 ABSTRACT: Formulas are offered for the evaluation of the length of a curvilinear surface element of a spiral spring which operates under the limitation that its coils must at all times be tangent to a cylindrical drum. (V. L. Biderman) Card 1/1 8/146/60/003/005/012/017 B019/BO54 AUTHORs Kul~~~V_ TITLE- Some Problems of the Dynamics of Releasing Controllers With- out Natural Oscillations of the Balanco PERIODICALs Izvestiya vyBahikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Priborostroyeniye, 1960, Vol- 3, No- 5, PP- 95 - 105 TEM The author presents the fundamentals of the theory for the calcula- tion of oscillation periods of controllers without natural oscillations, the effect of dynamical factors such as moment of inertia and the like on the period being considered. Thus, it is possible to clarify some rules governing these controllers& the low dependence of the oscillation amplitude of the balance on the driving moment, the small effect of great changes in the moment of inertia of feed gears on the period, etc. The formulas derived here allow an estimation of the dynamical factors of the controller, and a better choice of the controller parameters in watch II designs. Likewise, it is possible to improve the calculation of the period. It was found that an impact at I>,-I x increases the oscillation period, Card 1/2 Some Problems of the Dynamics of Releasing S/14Y60/003/005/012/017 Controllers Without Natural Oscillations of B019 3054 the Balance while an impact at Ii~-Ixreduces it (I is the moment of inertia of the balance, Ix that of the feed gears). Therefore, the relation If-,Ixis most ,ter favorable to maintain the oscillation period. The error made in de - mining the period without considering the impacts may attain 50% and even_ more. There are 4 figures, 3 tables, and 3 Soviet references. ASSOCIATIONs Leningradskiy ordena Krasnogo Znameni mekhanicheskiy institut (Leningrad "Order of the Red Banner" Mechanical Institute) SUBMITTED: February 25, 1960 Card 2/2 KULIKOV., Ye.V. Mean and final pulse paramaters in pin-type escapements, IZV,VYB, ucheb.zav,; prib, no.2-.101-110 t6l. (M RA 1.4 - 5) 1. Leningradskiy ordena Krasnogo Znameni melthenicheskiy instit-qt. Rekomendovana Laningradskim mekhanielieskim instituton. (Mechanical movements) oAnn-AA RIT(m) /P IN - I - -RK1 kCC NRt AT6000047 VOURCE CODE- UIL/0000/65/000/006/0108/0126 AUTHOM Nel'Son, K.V.-I~~Ilkova ~A.13. ORG: None , TITI.E.- Infrared spectroscopic study of the vulenniving nehvork of q. SOURCE: Leningrad. Vseq znyy.pquc4po-1ssledovatcI1skiy institut sintetichesko 4 ~ 9YU - I---- - -1 __ _' '_ - __ . 1~ kauchuka. Kolebatellnyye spektry i molek-ulyarnvyo protsessy v lmuchulmkh (Oscillating 'S_jP_e-ctra and molecular processes in rubbers),, Uningrad, lzd-vo Khiniiya, 1965, 108-126 TOPIC TAGS: IR spectrum, synth-, ubher vulcanization, magne-glum oxide, zinc oxide, calchim hydroxide, calcium oxide lime, glycerin ABSTRACT: Infrared spectra of thin films of SKD-1 carboxylated rubbers (copolymers of butadiene with 4-5% methacrylic acid) vulcanized w5h MgO, Zn0, Ca(Ol~ , and CaO are obtained. It is found that over 3/4 of the carbox-jl groups present in the rUher parti( Vipited in the reaction with MgO, Zno, and Ca(OM . In contrast to these vulcanizinggfrej_jt'5!,~caY- ciurn oxide practically does not interact widi the carboxyl groups. It is shown that vulcani- zation with MgO and Ca(OM,, involves formation of neutral magnesium and calcium salts. ZnO also participates in the reaction of salt formation in a proportion corresponding to the formation of neutral salts. The effect of glycerin on the vulcanization of carboxylated rub- bers was determined: it not only Increases the cross-linking of the rubbers, but also the nature of the COO-Me bond. Orig. art. has: 13 figures and I table. SUD CODE: 07, 11'/ SUBM DATE: 10Jun65 / ORIG REF: 006 / OTH REF: 011 CZECHOSLOVAKIA uDc 616.155-33-022-78-022-71-71-078-737 KORB, J.; KOUBAp K.; KqLKOVA H - Virological Department, Hospital (Virologicke Odd, Nemoc Prague 8 - Bulovka, Head (Vedouci) Dr J. KORB; Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Gen. Medicine, Charles University (Infekeni Klinika. Pak. Vseob. Lekarstvi ICU), Prague 8 - Bulovka. Head (Prednosta) Prof Dr J. PROCHAZKA; Station for Hygiene and Epidemiology of the City Council (Hygienicko-Epi- derniologicka Stanice NV), Prague, Director (Reditelka) Docent Dr V. KRASNA, "Rickettsia Sennetsui and the Etiology of Infectious Mononucleosis." Prague, CasoRis Lekaru Ceskych, Vol 105, No 36-37, 9 Sep 66, pp 975 - 981 Abstract ZA-uthors, English summary modified 7: By serum neutral- ization tests 38 sera from 17 patients with-Ricketsia sennetsui were obtained; all but one gave negative results. Complement-fix- ation reaction was used to investigate 36 sera of 16 patients; a positive control of serum from guinea pigs immunized with R. sen- netsui was obtained. R. sennetsui does not seem important in the etiol- og of infectious mononucleosis in Central Europe, 2 Tables,'63 1 Western, 4 Czeeh.25 Japanese, 2 Hungarian, 1 Chinese refs. (Me. roe. Nov 65). M,EK, E.; GRANTOVIA, H.; KMOVA, H. Psittacosle in childhood. Cesk, pediat. 28 no.8:678-682 Ag 163- 1. Klinika infekenich nemoci v-Praze na Bulovce, prednosta prof. dr. J. Prochazka Virologicke oddeleni nemocnice v Praze na Bulovee, vedouoi HgDr. J. 11orb, ORNITHOSIS) (PNEUMONIA) (TETRACYCLINE) DIAGNOSISP DIFFERENTIAL) (COM01ENT FIXATION TESTS) LIPOVETSKIY, G.S.- GOLIDINA, B.G.; EULIKOVA, I.A.; PEREPELKIN V.P.- D&NISOVA, r . I A.A.; MPJIEVICH, Ye.l.; SI-IIIWNOVA, M.G. Sutureless joining of tissues; experimental study on cyacrine t-,,Iue. Eksper. khir. i anest. 9 no.1:3-6 Ja-F 164, (MIRA l7z:L2) 1. Institnt eksLeriimen tall noy Idiinirgicheskoy apparatury i instni- mentov Ministerstva zdravoolhranenlya S.SSR, Moskva. AGLINTSEV, K.K.;,KULIKOVA, L,P - KTIOLINCNA, Ya.A. . If j- Standard calorimetric unit IJKG-2. Nov. nauch.-is,91. rab. p0 met.r. VN11M no.2:1-4 1614. (MIRA B:4) DRICHKO, A.F.; KARAVAYEV, F.M.; XQ;t'KOVA,-L..F.; KHOLINOVA, Ye.A. Working standards and first-order standard ?,"-,emitters from Co6O. Nov. nauch.-issl. rab. po metr. VNIIM no.2:11-13 164. (MA 18W 133-6-24/33 AUTHORS: Babakov, A'.A., Zhadanj T.A.I_Danilin, V.A., Bakuma; S.F., Antipovp K.I., 1jullkoval M.N. and Kupryakhina, S.Z. TITLE: An improvement in the technology Of Droduction of high- chromium plates. W-luchshenlye tekb7nologii proizvodstva vysokokhromistogo tolstogo lista). PERIODICAL: "Stall" (Steel), 19571 No.61 PP-555-559 (USSR). ABSTRACT: Optimum'conditions of rolling and subsequent heat treat- ment of plates from steels X25Tj X28 and X-98 with nitrogen2 under which the metal would attain mechanical properties satisfying TY5227-55 and good quality cutting and straight- ening Properties in cold statep were investigated.. The following participated in the work: Engineers B.Z.Kononovy V;.V'.Turitsynp P'.N.S oryshkov, A.P.Okenko ("Krasnyy Oktyabr") and technician V.I.EhaBhina (TsNIIChM). It was found that in order to obtain steel plates of required properties slabs should be rolled in a temperature range from 980 to 1000 0 - 720 to 800 C with, cooling of plates in air. Thermal treatment: a preliminary annealing at 760-780 C for 12-16 hours followed by hardening of each plate (individ- ually) in water after heating the metal to the same tem- peratu're (soaking time 3 min per 1 mm thickness of the plate). Chemical composition of steel from the heats Card 1/2 An improvement in the technology of production of high- chromium plates. (Cont' ) 133-6-24/33 i4vestigated is given ;n Table 19 mechanical properties of plates tested in Tables 2 to 6 and some examples of microstructure obtained under various conditions of processing in Figs. 2 to 4. There are 6 tables and 4 figures. ASSOCIATION: TsNIICbM and "Krasnyy Okt-abr," Works. (TsNIICbM i zavod "Krasnyy Oktyabrl~), AVAILABLE: Library of Congress Card 2/2 CI 133-1-9/24 AUTHORS: Kiselev, A.A. , Lapshova, M.P.,, and Kullkova, M. IL , Engineers TITLE: Smelting of Ball Bearing Steel in an Acid Furnace Fired with Natural Gas and Fuel Oil (Vyplavka sharikopodshipnikovoy stali v kisloy pechi pri otoplenii prirodnym gazom i mazutom) PERIODICAL: Stal', 1958, No.1, PP. 35 - 40 (USSR) ABSTRACT: An investigation of some technological factors of smelting and teeming of ball bearing steel on the degree of its contam- ination and flLe nature of non-metallic inclusions is described. Steel WX15 was smelted in a 50-ton acid open-hearth furnace, deoxidised with aluminium in the ladle (125 g/ton) and bottom teemed into 4-ton ingots. The charge consisted of basic open- hearth steel containing no more than 0.015% of sulphur and phosphorus and a high quality pig rjBK, Class A. The supply of this pig and low-sulphur oil was decreasing and this was accom- panied by the increasing impurity of steel. Therefore, the furnace was transferred to firing with natural gas and fuel oil. This decreased the duration of heat by 35 min., and Btoppages for hot repairs decreased by 0.59%. When the furnace was fired with fuel oil alone (0.4 0.5% S), the content of sulphur after melt out was 0.017 0.020016, on transfer to mixed firing the content of sulphur decreased to 0.013 - 0.016%. This brought (;ardl/5 133-1-9/24 Smelting of Ball Bearing Steel in an Acid Furnace Fired with Natural Gas and Fuel Oil a considerable decrease in the contamination of metal by oxide and sulphide inclusions (a comparison in the form of a table is given in the text). The influence of various technological factors on the degree of contamination of steel by non- metallic inclusions was determined by statistical treatment of data on current production. The following factors were con- sidered: the influence of the temperature of metal on tapping (Fig.1); the duration of fettling (Fig.2) and the amount of reduced silicon. With the amount of reduced silicon of 0.18 - 0.22%, the degree of contamination is the highest, decreasing with increasing silicon content in the finished metal. An investigation of the influence of the amount of reduced silicon and silicon content in the finished metal on the degree of gas saturation of the steel indicated that the maximum content of oxygen and hydrogen corresponds to the amount of reduced silicon of 0.18 - 0.22% or to the content of silicon in the finished metal, 0.22 - 0.23%. The contamination of steel by oxides increases -zith increasing ferrous oxide content of slag before de-~;xidation (it should not occeed 20%). It was also found that dejxidation of steel with aluminium. also Uard2/5 133-1-9/24 Smelting of Ball Bearing Steel in an Acid Furnace Fired with natural Gas and Fuel Oil leads to a contamination of steel by oxides; therefore, some expLrimental heats were made in which: a) steel was deoxidised in the ladle with silicon-zirconium instead of aluminium, b) deoxidation with smaller quantities of aluminium (60 - 100 instead of 125 g/ton) and c) simultaneous deoxidation with silicon-zirconium and aluminium. The nature of non-metallic inclusions was investigated on metal from all heats deoxidised with silicon-zirconium, silicon-zirconium and aluminium, and on 10 heats produced by the usual technology. The quantity and composition of non-metallic inclusions are given in Tables 1 and 2; the dependence of the quantity of inclusions in steel on its temperature on tapping - Fig-3; the dependence of the degree of oxide contamination on the content of spinels in inclusions - Fig.4; the dependence of the proportion of spinels in inclusions on the content of FeO in slag - Fig-5; the dependence of the total amount of inclusions on the duration of teeming an ingot - Fig.6; the dependence of oxygen content of metal on its tempErature on tapping - Fig.7, and on FeO content in slag - Fig.8; the influence of silicon content of metal before tapping on the gas saturations of steel during Uard3/5 153-1-9/24 Smelting of Ball Bearing Steel in an Acid Furnace Fired viiuh Ilatural Gas and Fuel Oil this period - Fig.9. Conclusions: 1) The transfer of smelting ball bearing steel by the silicon-reducing process in an acid furnace on firing with a mixture of natural gas and fuel oil decreased the degree of contamination of steel by sulphide and oxide inclusions and the duration of the heat by 35 min. 2) This decrease inthe degree of contamination is obtained providing a number of technological factors are maintained: a) the temperature of metal on tapping (gccording to a-n immersion thermocouple) should be 1 580 - 1 600 C- b) the amount of reduced silicon should exceed 0.23%; c3 the content of iron oxide in slag before deoxidation should be from 15 to 200/6- 3) On deoxidation of steel in ladle with silicon-zirconium instead of aluminium, the degree of contam- ination by oxides decreases by 0.35 to 0.60 and that by sul- phides increased by 0.2 - 0.3; whereupon, the amount of non- metallic inclusions which can be electrolytically separated is higher than when deoxidising with aluminium. A special feature of the inclusions obtained on deoxidation with silicon- zirconium is their low content of spinels which decrease the degree of contamination by oxides. 4) The degree of contam- Card4/5 ination by oxides increases with increasing proportion of 133-1-9/24 Smelting of Ball Bearing Steel in an Acid Furnace Fired with Natural Gas and Fuel Oil spinels and the ntio of Al 203/kO2 in the composition of inclusions. The amount of spinels and the Al 203/SiO2 ratio in the composition of inclusions increase with increasin content of ferrous oxide in slag before deoxidations. 55 During tapping of the heat, the content of oxygen. in ste 1 decreases due to deoxidation of steel in the ladle with alum- inium, decreasing temperature of the metal and self-deoxidation of steel with carbon. 61 Higher concentrations of oxygen in steel and increasing proportion of total inclusions in steel correspond to higher tapping temperatures. The following engineers participated in the work: S.Z. Kupryakhina, Yu.A. KartBin and O.S. Zheludeva. There are ~-- tables and 9 figures. ASSOCIATION: I'Krasnyy Oktyabr"I Works (Zavod "Krasnyy Oktyabrl") AVAILABLE: Library of Congress Card 5/5 S/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 AUTHORSt Pakhaluyev, K.M., Bledvedeva, I.V., Andreyeva, V.V., and-Kullkova, M N. TITLE: Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas PERIODICALs Stall, 1961, No. 2, pp. 160-163 TEXT: At the zavod "Krasnyy oktyabr" ("Krasnyy octyabre" Plant) and the VN11MT it was found that the average metal losses due to cindering amount to 2.16-2.77~- of the charge weight for 6-ton ingots and to 1-36-i.88~~ for blooms and slabs, when heating furnaces fired with masut or natural gas are used. In order to study the processes of cindering and decarbonization and to find ways to reduce these processes simultaneously, 7 steel grades were investigated under complete and incomplete combustion of natural gas. The tests were carried out on specimens (rolled bars) 50 mm in diameter and 200 mm long. The decarbonized surface layer of the samples was removed and Card 1/11 5/153/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas the surface was polished. Delayed cooling of the specimens was effected by fitting to one of the furnace openings a brick-lined chamber, into which technically pure nitrogen was blown. The furnace was fired with Saushinsk natural gas (CO 21 0.25~6; 02 1 0.20%; CH Cm'n;.0'17%;tN 2: 1-48%)- When the degree of oxidation of the sp men was dete ined, hey were held in the furnace for a given time until a constant temperature was reached, then they were quickly removed and cooled in water. When both oxidation and decarbonization were investigated the specimen was put after heating in the cooling chamber filled with nitrogen. Besides, the samples were pickled (in 20%-hydrochloric acid at 45-60 0C) weighed and measured. The difference in weight of the samples before and after heating gave the amount of cinder; the depth of decarbonized layer was defined by microanalysis and the excess air in a ST~I-(VTI)-type gas-analyzer. Altogether 82 tests were carried out with natural gas firing with excess air factors varying between 0.6 and 1.6. The samples were heated to 700-125000, the holding time at constant tempera- Card 2/11 9/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas ture was 1/2-3 hours. The relationship between the amount of oxidized metal and the factor of excess air in the combustion products of natural gas is plotted in figs.1-2, showing that metal cinder quickly decreases with a re- duction of the excess air factor when heating to 1000 C and more. If it is technologically possible to lower somewhat the very high temperatures of the metal during heat treatment, the metal losses due to cindering could be re- duced considerably. Fig-4 shows that by cutting down the holding time as far as permitted by the technology, cindering can also be decreased. When the effect of air excess on decarbonization was studied, the decrease of the air excess factor was found to be accompanied by a thinner decarbonized layer. The lowering of the oxidizing effect of combustion products of natural gas were moreover observed to affect the metal and the carbon content of the me- tal simultaneously. It is, therefore, possible to reduce oxidation and de- carbonization when heating under "non-oxidizing" conditions. From the test results it was concluded that the total excess of oxidants - as compared with the equivalent amount - quickly declines with a decreasing value of "all; on Card 3/11 S/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas an average the combustion products of gas lose their oxidizing effect at me- tal temperatures of 800, 1000, 1200 0C (with an air excess factor of 0.54). Based on these data it is possible to attain a "non-oxidizing" heating of steel in natural-.Pas fired free flame furnaces. However, at very low "all values the incomplete combustion results in a temperature decrease of the combustion products and additional heat with preheated fuel and air has to be supplied. The conditions of non-oxidizing heating for various furnaces (for instance for roller type furnaces for blooms) are determined by the fol- lowing temperatures Temperature of the combustion product of the fuel, OC, ca Calorimetric temperature of combustion, OC, ca Temperature of air preheating, according to fig.9, OC Card 4/11 Bloom Billet Sheet 1400 1000 1050-1100 1870 1430 1500-1570 840 130-16o 250-400 S/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steele in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas The preheating of the air, which is necessary with the incomplete combustion of the natural gas, can be attained by conventional air heaters. Non-oxidiz- ing heating reduces cindering and at the same time, the thickness of the de- carbonized layer. However, the decrease of this layer is less considerable. than the decrease in losses due to cindering. To reduce decarbonization other methods therefore, have to be applied in addition to incomplete com- bustion, as, e.g., coating with siliceous slag (Ref.5), A.A. Aleksandrov and Yu.A. Panlkov: The Application of Coatings to Protect Steels from Oxidation and Decarbonization During Heating; in the collection: Processing of Metals and Heat Treatment; annex to Stall, 1959, pp. 214-240) or by blowing lithium carbonate into the furnace to form a protecting coating on the metal surface ('Ref.6: F. Neuberger, et al. Fertigungstechnik, 1957, Vol-7,No.10 and Ref-71 H.W. Steading: Industrieblatt, 1958, Vol-58,No.4). There are 9 figures and 7 references (4 Soviet and 3 Non-Soviet). Card 5/11 S/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steels in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas ASSOCIATIONSi VNIIMT , Zavod "Krasnyy Oktyabr" ("Krasnyy Oktyabr" Plant) Card 6/11 8/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steele in Heating Purnaoes.Pired With Natural Gas -0 Figure 1: c6 Relationship between the oxi- dation of carbon.steele and the coefficient of excess air. -H coefficient of excess air 1- steel CT-2 (St-2), holding iq t P) time 60-67 min.; 2- steel 45,', holding time 58-65 minuteal M 3- steelY7(U7), holding time 0 RIP 59-67 min.1 figures on the 0 ZI ~ curves - metal temperatures, +3 Z /VN - r 0c. 0 Card 7/11 11 t1f a 5/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Deoarbonization of Stools in Heating Furnaoes Fired With Natural ORB Figure 3: Effect of the heating tempers- a ture of the metal on its 94 cinder loeses. ,4 9 1 - steel 6 '1 MOM) I 2-' 45; 3---'OXr----A(3OKhGSAYi -LU~,'I_~ (BhKh 15) 5-SOXH 0 ~50 KhN); 6-Y 7 (U7~; holding r#4 IV 0 time for each case 60-66 min., 4A coefficient of excess air 0-78-0689- 0 (Iri 0 ca ... ......... Card 8/11 Heating temperature# 0C B11331611000100210091014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Steele in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas tj ~ k Figure 48 Ce 4 l 4 Effect of the holding time of metal during heating on its losses due to cindering. I- steel 6OS2A; 2- U7; 3- ShKh15I f cJ f t . - 30KhGSA; 4- 45; 5- 5TAhN; 6 heating temperature for all casest 0 0 C, coefficient of excess airt 44 830-850 0-78-0-89- 0 4A 0 Card 9/11 Jv X j'v*PrX'?' MU'v Holding time, min. 3/133/61/000AD2/qO9/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Decarbonization of Stools in Heating Furnaces Fired With Natural Gas A l . Figure' 51 a za ts v Relationship between the total depth of decarbonization of steel and the 7 coefficient of excess air. /P - ' 1- steel 451 2- 5OKhN; 3-. UTI 4- ShKhI5; heating temperature 12000C, holding time 60 min, Coefficient of exoess.air Card 1,0/11 S/133/61/000/002/009/014 A054/AO33 Oxidation and Deoarbonization of Stools in Heating Furnaces Fired with Natural Gan /--I I I , Figure 7: Relationship between the total excebs oxidants-as compared with the equi, valent amount- in the combustion products of natural gas and the oo- efficient of ex6ess air. 0 0 I- at 800 C1 2- 1000 C; 3- 1200*C. 4.12 0 0 5 A M M 2 e% 4S U 41 41 0,9 0 11 /Z IJ Ampfa#aemv &.?AvM/f0 ,Pz~= a coefficient of excess air Card 11/11 S/133/61/000/004./009/015 A054/A127 AUTHORS: Kul!kova, 11. N.; Sporyshkov, P. N., and Turitsyn, V. V, TITLEt Adopting the rolling of X25T (Kh25T) step', slabs PERIODICAL: Stall, 110. 4, 1961, 354 - 355 TEM Some slabs of Kh25T steel display increased brittleness. Frao- tures occur not only during.rolling but also during transportation and planing. In order to find the reason for these defect3, the effect of tem- perature,,duration of heat treatment, cooling rate and low-temperature an- nealing after rolling on the plasticity of this steel grade were studied. for 3 heats of the following composition: C Mn Si Cr Ni Ti P S A: 0.09 0.59 0.61 24-55 0.50 0.57 0.028 0.016 B: 0-08 0-45 0.75 23-75 9-38 0.65 0-027 0.007 C: 0-10 0.78 0.63 25.6o 0.32 0-74 0.022 0.007 The slabs were cooled in sand, by air and by sprinkling with water it was found that heating above 1,1000C, sharply decreases the plasticity, and brittleness could not be eliminated even when slabs were subsequently re- Card 1/3 S/'3,/61/000/004/009/015 Adopting the rolling of Y25T (Kh25T) steel slabs A054/A127 heated. Slabs heated to 1,1600 and 1,1000C were closely examined.. In brittle slabs, heated to these elevated temperatures, the following charaQ- teristics were found: coarse granular structure, lower strength limit values and impact strength at normal temperature, lower values of relative elonga- tion and relative compression at 900 - 1,2000C. The i.-iicro,,itructure (lic-at C) consisted of large ferrite grains on the boundaries where carbo-nitrides had separated. A decrease in plasticity was also observed when they were heated normally, not above 1,1000C but cooled suddenly with water after rolling. Studies of the microstructure made with slabs of the heat 1-11370 (P1370) showed that it was formed of ferrite with primary granules cf the number 2 size. Slabs of the n1343 (P1343) heat also included fer.-Ate with primary granules of 0 size and larger. The segreagated piimary -ranules formed a thickened lattice. Conclusively it can be stated: 1) heating of slabs of the Kh25T steel grade sharply reduzes plasticity due to the separa- tioncf ferrite of the carbonitride lattice on the boundaries of laroe Gran- ules; 2) decrease of plasticity of slabs made from normally heated bills (at a temperature lower than 1,1000C), but immediately water-cooled after rolling, results from concentration of stresses by intense cooling and sub- Card 2/3 S/133/61/000/004/009/015 Adopting the rolling of X25T (Kh25T) steel slabs A054/A127 sequent.rapid heating of slabs before being rolled into sheets; 3) slabs after rolling must not be water-cooled or exposed to an air draft but should be cooled in Diles in still air. According to footnote 1, the Engineers Bakui.,i, Ryzhan~v and Kalmykov participated in these studies. There are 1) fiGures. -Fa Fiv:ure 2:, NO 4 - - 1- > X ...1 3 lip Dependence of mechanical properties of.the Kh25T steel Grade fX ~1) Deformatir temkrature, 6--$ Ila MM kg/ a heat P1371 (4) b~ heat P1343 29 Card 3/3 'M fox h v 17471 1149) TMVEP41127yPa 4WPINIM, V OYKS, G.1%; !-,ATEVOSYAJI, P.A.; A14SHELIZ, I.I.; FATKULLIN, S~.'LIVINOV, V.M. ; 1 1 ri Cjli ucha3 t4ye- FETROVY Slilij,MIN, G.D.: SIVKOV, S.S.; FEW!, A.T.; Pr 4 1 7~ ~"l-ILIKOVA M.N.; `0N0ll,!AJ;*,V, Ye.N.; I,ONO'Q,.!UWA, Yu.J.; Zl'.TINA, F.M.; FL,D I'M I V.I.'; ~13ELYAKO'VA, K.V'. Henults of vacutming ball-bearing stool by various IT(Jtjjo~jr, ~jtjjl ' 0 J .1 24 no.9:805-808 S 164. Ommu 1",: 10) RUDENCHIK, Yu.I.; KRYAKOVSKIT, Yu.V.; YAVOYSIKUY, V.I.; 1-1.11. Nature of nonmetallic inclusions of rare-ear-,h elenents in iron and steel. Zav. lab. 30 no.1:57-58 164. (maw~l 1,7:9) 1. 14oskovskiy institut stali i splavov. EWI'(m)/E-Vli,(w)/T,,(EWP(t)/ETI 1JP(C) JD/JG -ACC NR: AP6030051 SOURCE CODE: UR/0133/66/000/001/0072/00`73 ,.AUTHOR: Kullkova, M. N.; Poncmareva, Ye. P ; Rubenchik, Yu. I.; Kryakovskiy, Yu. V.; Yavoyskiy-,-r---I------*-- ORG.- 'Kraspyy. Okty~brl Plant (Zavod "Krasnyy Oktyabr"); Moscow Institute of Steel and All-o.ys kMoskovskiy institut stali i splavov) TITIE: Effect of rare earth metals n the properties of 12Kh1MF el SOURCE: StallY no. 1, 1966, 72-73 ~1 IV TOPIC TAGS: steel, rare earth metal, steel macrostructure, mechanical property/ 12KhlW steel .ABSTRACT: Tho authors studiod the nature and distribution of inclusions 'in l2Khl14F tube steel with and without additions of rare earth metals. ,Three methods were used for adding the raro earth metals to the malti 'l) in the furnace immddiately beforo tapping (2-3 k&/t); 2) in the pouring ladle (0-2-1.0 kg/t); and 3) in the mold during teeming (0-2-0-7 kg/-t). Macrostructural analysis revealed that addition of rare earth clemen 3 by any method and in any quantity reduces local segregation of sulfur -It though ,the degroe of improvement is highly dependent on the method -u-s-ea-fopintro- iducing the rare aarth metals. For instance., additions of_3 k t to the furnace gives about the same affect as addition of 0.7-0.8 glt to the ,ladle. Additions of low than 3 kg/t to the furnace or less than 0.2-0.5 kg/t to the ladle have practically no effect on zacrosturcture. Direct i introduction- of. rare earth metals during teendng has & more noticeable L 40206-66 ACC NR, AP6 -effect. The distribution of sulfur is changed considerably even by additions of 0.5-0.6 kg/t. The mechanical properties of longitudinal specimen8 were not changed by rare earth treatment regardless of method of introduction or quantity of additive introduced, while treated transverse specimens showed a considerable improvement in mechanical prop2rtiesK Orig. art. has: 2 figures and I table. CJPRS'- 35,6s1]- SUB CODE; n, 20 / SUBM DATE: none / CRIG REF: 002 KULIKOVA, N. A. and BEREND)[AYEVA, E. L. k_-I "The Fauna of Gamasidae Ticks in Rats in Tyan',Shan' Oblast." Tenth Conference on Parsitological Problems and Diseases with Natural Reservoires 22-29 October 1959, Vol. II, Publishing Houne of Academy of Sciences, USSR, Moscow-Leningrad, 1959. Kirghiz Republic Anti-Plague Stationj Frunze BEIIENULAYEV, S.A.,-.PLIKOVA, N.A. .-I Intraspecific relationships of gray marmots Marmots baibacina Kastsch. Zool. zhur. 44 no.lillO-116 165. (MIM 18:4) 1. Kirgizskaya, protivochumnaya stantsiyal Frunze. KULfKOVAj N. V. Cand. 6hem. Sci. Dissertation: "The Reaction Kinetics of Carbon Monoxide with Water . v.apor.ff Sci Res Order of the Labor Rod Banner Physicochemical Inat imeni L. Ya. Karpov, 23 Jun 47. SO: Vechernyaya Moskva, Jun, 1947 (Project #17836) V -t - so 4 -3 00 so WI 6 it im . 9 "fiedom of emmalm of'cubomelm- a" bY.WUWVAW. N. V XWILova and M 1. Tonkin. U0. Fix. KU=. 2J, pf CO and 'H*O at I atm. were forced thyMb a bed of FeA, and the time at coetma ifts v*rW between 0.01 and 0.1 sec. TU M lOrfiMA vm c&Wlbt In special Sai-absooplion boulo. The reaction translonned the cataivit, (,y- POA) 1010 IFOA- It Interaction of CO with 0 In the talyst suf0tim Is the Anum step In the rewiltm. the repats. the rate almictim and P10 Ps. Pa. and P4 are 1wessures (PICO, 1100, 111.4m1 L01, rcip. 77jc(-txiht%.kJ,k,,at1d#1 (IrprrAl tot Ow Nialysi, Imalkv6dy imi The dqirr mijil kind of Its WE eOS Catalyst W It - a It,. at 4M, 18.1.31.4. :~ .6 4&). and &W. 1111bef k, Vshies wtm for a viked eaWyK. 0 was 0.44- i4).50, The C"tion was "M AW for CO-11,0 alIxts. I dild, wkb No at comig. Jh; the retantial efifte of Us an w was fte to ftdmdon in do ftme of coverage of the cata- 1 tbrOratbertbantostrmgad"ptknolli. Arela- between the apparent energy of activation and that C of the alownt step b derived and the t W The pratest 71. Dikmwn p 14 !dt k4 - --V m. &.L A. 14TALLURSKAL 1,179MV111 Q.&SWCATM V Room 1171414V $#am MONIMP all W-Ptiz, - 19 1 - - - 241404 Mir 6" on #IJ411 COM 4~1 11, AV so m If, 0 Ifflarmlas 211 Via 4-0 it ; At K n 1 131 d"4 00 00- 00000000000*0000000000*000000000*00000 916-1,41A &&Zis mos& 66-0 miisisea*-" LOOO 004 Oe 0000 000 .00 1*0 166 so Co 0 009 990 tvq :1001 XUtInVA, H. V. USSR/Chemistry - Isotopes,_ 21 Jun 53 Reaction Kinetics "Exchange of Oxygen Isotopes between Carbon Mono- xide and Carbon,Dioxide Over Ferric Oxide Catalyst," V. Kullkova~)'Z. D. Kuznets M. I. Temk1n DAN SSSRI Vol go, No 6, pp io67-1070 Studied the exchange of.018 between CO and C02, over a Fe203 catalyst and derived an equation giv- ing the rate of the reaction. Presented by Acad A. N. Frumkin 11 Apr 53. 269T8 The taluxe of sluw rL~s ~-.orpfipn by 6olld3. ISI. 1. Tcznkin and N. V. Kul kova. v A C),. .ul -N X. 1W, _7 he ,t , U"n,_L 1,),et W 0 by l RjfW,~p~f p -,ur Ax. ob-i-l l-, 4- ~f Ar,-,Co,. -., -,.n- 11) -., 't Ij F- the bAl- 1tv h~, , lh~ .,t "i" .,tc ,f g~r [IIUI. 13yrf 'jj~ -~Tvrd cvc. 4:w1 1:1.5 ;.r- 1: .1- th't . Lvd aa- type -n ("u" I'h, 1" th~ "urn.-ly 01,01 PhY5 t- ~l der W~I% f-c". "n'1 to th~ owrn- a -1-o'.1. Ag Wt~e ha.gc~ durms thv 1103ml, chem ~fu dLwu,-;, nd the ph.-nel"'n 1~ in hoc-g-~js -uOy,i, A --I.o bv ?h, );t th, Ni KULIKOVA, N.V.; TOffIN, M.I. Determining the free energy of oxygen in the surface layer of oxidizing catalysts. Part 1 [with summary in English]. Zhur. fiz.khim. 31 no.9:2017-2025 S 157. (MIRA 11:1) l.Fiziko-khimichesIdy institut im. L.Ya. Karpova, Moskva. (Chemical equilibrium) (Oxygen) (catalysts) AUTHORS i Kurilenko, A. I., iLu~~~ 76-32-4-11/43 Rybakova, N. A., Temkin, M. 1. TITLE: The Oxidation of Ethylene to Ethylene Oxide on a j Silver Catalyst (Okisleniye etilena v okis' etilena na se- rebryanom Icatalizatore)- I. Lxperinental Investi~;ation of' the Reaction Vinetico I. Eksperimentallnoye izucheniye kinetiki reaktsii) PERIODICALt Zhurnal Fizicheskoy Xhijaii, 1958, Vol. 32, Nr 4, PP- 797-805 (USSR) ABSTRACT: Since the hitherto made investi-ations of the reaction mentioned in tho title supplied different contradictin.- results the investigations mentioned in this paper were carried out by means of the method of continuous circu- lation. This method offers the followin-- advantages: The reaction velocity is measured directly as function of the concentrations, The desired temperature in the re- action zone is secured in spite of the oreat heat effect of the i3rocess~ AnY form of catalyst can be usnd, without Card 1/4 makins it Dossible to the -as to pass by without touchin- The Oxidation of Ethylene to Ethylene Oxide on a 76-75121-~4-11/43 Silver Catalyst. I~ Experimental Investigation of the Reaction Kinetics the catalyst. The possibility of the formation of ex.- tornal diffusion effects is reduced. From the exPerimen- tal part from a diagram can 'Do seen among other that the reaction vessel is a vertical glass tube in which the ca- talyst is located (spongy silver in form of tablets), A circular glass tube connected to the reaction vessel and a circulation pump introduce the gas mixture or drain it. Mostly the obtainee. ethylene oxide'w'as frozen at -780C and determined according to Lubatti (Reference 9). The results obtained show among other that in the first 70-80 hours the activity of the catalyst decreases and the se- lectivity increases (shown graphically). The two reaction velocities of ethylene oxide formation and of carbon dio- xide and water formation are dealt with separately. The experiments viere carried out with different gas concen- trations, that is to say, ethj1ene 0.6 - 70%, oxyLen 1.5 - 9o%, ethylene oxide 0.3 - 3'1,, carbon dioxide 0.1 - 85% in order to determine the reaction hinetiC13. The results Card 2/4 obtained are mentioned on some tables for different cata- The Oxidation of Ethylene to Lthylene Oxide on a 76-32-4-11/43 Silver Catalyst. I~ Experimental Investigation of the Reaction Kinetics lyst samples~ The two above mentioned reactions show reaction velocitiE~s which are calculated according to analogous equations, The observation that the freezing of ethylene oxide within the cycle does not change se- lectivity is in coincidence with some other references; the contradiction to the data by O~ 11. Todes and T, 1~ Andrianova (Reference 4) is explained by the longer con - tact time used by them. An impeding effect of the oxi- dation products on both reaction velocities was obser- ved. The statement that in freezing ethylene oxide and water the reaction velocity sharply increases was already, mentioned by Ya. B. Gorokhovatskiy and M. Ya, Rubanik deference 11), The raise of temperature effected a de.- crease in the yield of ethylene oxide. The activation energies were calculated and mentioned to be 152oo cal for the formation of ethylene oxide and 198oo cal for the formation of carbon dioxide and water- There are 6 figures, 7 tables and 11 references, 7 of Card 3/4 which are Soviet. The Oxidation of Ethylene to Ethylene Oxide on a 76-32-4-11/43 Silver Catalyst. I. Experimental Investigation of the Reaction Kinetics ASSOCIATIONt Fiziko-khimicheakiy institut im. Karpova,Moskva I (Moscow Physicochemical Institute imeni Aarpov) SUBMITTED: December 1, 1956 AVAILABLE: Library of Congress 1. Ethylene--Oxidation 2. Silver catalysts--Applications Card 4/4 76-32-5-13/47 AUTHORS: Kurilenkol A. I., Kulllcovaj N. V., Rybakoval N. A., Temkin, 11. 1. TITLE: The Oxidation of Ethylene to Ethylene Oxide on a Silver Cata- lyst(Okisleniye etilena vok-is' etilena na serebryanom katali- zatore)II. Evaluation of the Reaction Kinetica(40bsuzhdeniye kinetiki reaktaii) PERIODICAL: Zhurnal fizicheskoy khinii, 1950, Vol. 32, Nr 5v PP- 1043 - 1048 (USSR) ABSTRACT: Continuing earlier investit;ations in which contradicting re- oults had been obtained the authors found that after the quick oxygen adsorption and formation of a monomolecular layer a process of slow adsorption follows which spreads over hundreds of hours, which ras called the "deep chcmical adsorption". It is depondont on the increased solubility of the oxygen in the silver layer below the ourface. The slow change of the deeply adsorbed oxygen related to this is formied by the chanZe of the activation of the catalyst, which fact is in L~,reement with Card 1,13 tl-.e dr-ta by Orzechowoki and MacCorEak (Refo~-ence 4) a3 well T'-e O;zidation of Ethylene to Ethylene OxiCeon a 70'-32-5-13/047 silver C_-talyot. II. Evaluation of the Reaction Kinetics as with the observations already made. This way trio typc3 of dependence of the kinetics can be assumed; the kinetics. in a steady state of the catalyst, and that in a standard state, with different conditions of experiments havina to be applied. The present investij;ations refer to the second case, and it is assumed that the reaction velocity ~oeo not depend on the oxygren pressure. Corresponding to the data by L. Ya. MarColis and.S. Z. Roginskiy(Reference 5) it is assu!ned that as inter- med 4ate product vinylalcohol is formed which then oxidizes to CO 2; a diaCram of the reaction mechaniBn in ionic for.:, is mentioned. In the deduction of the kinctic ealiationa the offect of the water is neglected and two final formulae of the reac- tion kinetics are detern~ined. The influence of an increased eth.ylene concentration in the -as phase is explained by the decrease of the tendency to reach the concentration equilibrium, of the deeply adsorbed oxygen and that on the surface, with other possibilities bein,-,1 nentioned as well. Fo:7 an ethylene oxidation in a flow sjste!-- an equation is obtained by inte.~.-ra- Card 2,13 tion, and an explanation is -iven for the diffL-rences of the The Oxidation of EthIlene to Ethylene Oxideon a 76-32-5-13/47 Silver Catalyst. II. Evaluation of the Reaction Kinetics results of (Reference 4). There are 6 references, 4 of rhich are Soviet. ASSOC IAT I OIAI: Fiziho-'_Aiit~ichos!:i~- i-F!titrt i'-1. L. Ya. (j,!u,-coij Inatittito of PliyricsmTlChomistiyimeit'_Ij. Ya. Karpov) SUBI'ITTED: December 1, 1956 1. Ethylene--Oxidation 2. Oxygen--Adsorption 3. Silver-- Adsorptive properties 4. Silver catalysts--Performance 5. Mathematics--Applications Card 3/3 5W SOV/2o-123-5-3o/50 AUTHORS: Kurilenko, A. I., Kullkova, N. V., Ostro-;skiy, V. Ye., Temkin, M. I. TITLE: The Influence of Electrically Negative -I'lements oil the Catalytic Effect of Silver in the Oxidation of Ethylene (Vliyaniye elelctrootritsatellnykh elementov na kataliticheskoye deystviye serebra pri okislanii etilenu) PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk 310SR, 1956. Vol 123, 11r 5~ PP 078-881 (USSR) ABSTRACT: The catalytic oxidation of ethylene to ethylene oxide C2H4 + (1/2)0 2 = C2 H40 is carried out on a surface of silver 0 at 200 - 300 . Small admixed qoantities of chlorine compounds increase the selectivity of the catalyzer, i.e., they de- crease the relative influence of the undesirable reaction C2H4 + 302 = 2C02 + 21120 without diminishing the degree of conversion of ethylene. The applied mothods of the kinetic measurements were described in previous papers. The experiments were carried out in an apparatus with circulating flow at 0 1 atmosphere and 218 . The circulatin_r7 ethylene air mixture Card 1/4 contained 2-5 � 0.2 volume per cent C 2J1 4* The degree of con- -I OV/2o-l 23-5-3c,/50 The Influence of Electrically IT ei,,ative Elements Upon the Catulytic Effect of Silver in the Oxidation of ethylene version of the C 2 114on silver without impurities of C1 and S amougted to 50-60~~. ThQ sulphur compounds used vere marked by S55. Crude silver (which wa.2 produced by decomposition of Ag,CO in a flow of an ethylene-air mixture) was used as ~ 3 catalyst. The majority of the experi,ments was carried out by nana of cilver araina which had a specific surface of ~ im ~gr. Tabloids (tabletka) of 5 - 3 mm (specific ourface 0.3 m /g) were used, as well. W, denotes the rate of the re- action C 2if4+ (1/2)0 2 = C2H40. rizatu, eyperinients with tabloid catalyst were carried out, and ii 25 was added continuously to the reacting mixture for 20-30 hours. In various experiments the concentration varied within the limits of 0.1 rind 50 mg/m3. The activity of the cataly t increased by 10-20'p7f after the addition of 3.1o,-4 - 5.10-1 atoraic percent S to the catalyst. By this addition selectivity was increaoed from s = 0.70 to s = 0,77. Independently of the C031Celltration of Card 2/4 H23 in the gaaeoua mixture; the oxidation of ethylene was SOV/2o-123-5-30/50 The Influence of Electrically Negative Elements Upon the Catalytic Effect of Silver in the Oxidation of Ethylene nearly interrupted by the adding of more than 10- 2 ~ tomic per cent of sulphur to Vie catalyst. During the catalytic process, the majority of sulphur is contained as sulfate on the surface of the silver samples. 'Phis allows the calculation of the degree of covering 9 of the surface from the total amount of sulphur. A diagram shows the results of the de- termination of the catalytic activity and of the selectivity of silver grains which had previoualy been treated with H 23 in a "boiling layer". The second diagram gives the data con- 0 cerning the catalysts which -were produced by the simultaneous deposition of Ag 2C0 3 and Ag2S. Also in this case, small amounts of sulphur increase the activity of the catalyst. The results of the experiments with introduction of sulphur Na 2so4 and If2so4 agree vith the above-discuBsed results, they prove the activating and corroding effect of SO 4 ions upon sur- Card 3/4 faces of silver. Admii7tures of Cl 2 and IfCl in concentrations SOI/2o-125-5-30 '/50 The Influence of Electrically Net,,ative Blements Upon the Catalytic Effect of Silver in the Oxidation of Ethylene of - 2 mg/m3 after the introduction of 0.5. 10-2 atomic per cent C1 (with respect to AU) decreased the activity of the ca,talyst by 5 times, and the selectivity increased from 0.70 to 0-76-0.80. Corrosion was partially reversible. Higher concentrations caused an irreversible corrosion. Accordin-m to the above-discussed results-, the increase of the catalytic effect of silver in selectivity caused by the introduction of silver (and chlorine) cannot be explained by a partial corrosion of the catalyst with respect- to the undesired re- action C2H4 + 302 = 2C0 2 + 21720. There are 2 figures and 9 references, 8 of -which are Soviet. ASSOCIATION: Nauchno-issledovatellskiy 'Lizill-o-khimic',Ieskiy institut im. L. Ya. Karpova, (Physico-Chemical Scientific Research Institute imeni L. Ya. KarDov) PRESENTED: July 21, 1958, by A. N. Frumkin, Academician SUBMITTED: July 15, 1958 Card 4/4 5(4)% AUTHORS. Apellbaum, L. 0., Gellbshteyn., A. I., SOV/76--"-2-45/4' Kullkova, 11. V., Yorozov, 1". Y1. TITLE: Mikhail Isaakovich Temkin (Mikhail Isaakovich Temkin). (On His 50th Birthday) (K 50-letiYu so dnya rozhdeniya) PERIODICALj Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii, 1959, Vol 33, Nr 2, PP 507-508 (Ussa) ABSTRACT. Professor M. I. Temkin dedicated more than 25 years of his scientific activity to the theoretical problems of physical chemistry. He first set forth the theory of the kinetic catalytic reactions on heterogeneous surfaces, which is based on the logarithmic adsorptfon isothermal lines (Temkin isothermal lines). With this theory he ani his collaborator3 viere able to define kinetics and the mechanism of such important processes in chemical technology as the ammonia synthesis the production of water gas, the gasification of coal, and othe:.7s. For his investigations in the field of the linear relationship between the activation energy and the heat effects of heterogeneous catalytic processes and for his work on the processes of chemisorption Temkin received the premiya im. Card 1/2 A. N. Bakha (Prize imeni A. N. Bakh) in 1957, Temkin founded Mikhail Isaakovich Temk4n. (On His 50th Birthday) SOV/76-33-2-45/45 the concept of "adsorption of high intensity" and explained the catalytic oxidation of ethanol as an example of it. Temkin was the first to obtain a general, theoretical expression for the absolute rate of reaction on surfaces of soliE b od4 es, which is of fundamental. impor-tance in the theory of catalysis. M. I. Temkin also showed that the activation energy of electrochemical processes can be determined theoretically and experimentally, and without difficulty, in relation to the absolute potential. Temkin's ion theory of melted salts and metallurgical slags is well.-known in his own country and in loreign countries. His investigations in the field of thermoelectric phenomena in electrolyte solutions and his concept of "ions agitated by entropy" have been confirmed in the papers by English authors. Severaj- papers of M. I. Temkin are concerned with the thermodynamic properties of real gas mixtures. From 1939 to 1949 Temkin was Editor of the Zhurnal fizicheskoy khimii (Periodical of Physical Chemistry). He was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Work and other Orders of Honor. There is I figure. Card 2/2 USCOMM-Do-60795 5W BOV/2o-124-3-38/67 AUTHORS: Stroyeva, S. S., K Temkin, M. I. TITLE: The Isotopic Exchange Between Co and C6 2 on Various Surfaces (Izotopnyy obmen mezhdu Co i CS 2 na razlichnykh poverkhnostyakh) PERIODICAL: Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1959~ Vo1124, Nr 3, pp 628-631 (USSR) ABSTRACT: In the reactions of isotopic exchange the regularities de- termining the specific catalytic effects of the surface must occur in a more simple form than in other calalytic heterogeneous processes. Therefore, the authors investigated the rate of isotopic exchange between Co and CO 2 on various surfaces by using C14. In this way the reaction 14 14 C 0 2 + CO = C 0 + CO was observed, which corresponds to 14 14 the tWO-3tage scheme C 0 + C 0 + (0), CO+ (O).CO +(!). 2 2 Here (0) denotes an oxygen atom on the surface, and () denotes a place of the surface which is free from oxygen. A formula is written down for the rate of reaction for the case in which Card 1/4 the above-mentioned reaction takes place on the surface which SOV/2o-124-3-38/67 The Isotopic Exchange Between Co and CO on Various Surfaces 12 is uniformly inhomogeneous with respect to the adsorption heats of oxygen. Besides, average degrees of covering are assumed. The kinetics of the equation described by the afore- mentioned equation was investigated in a static device with circulation. For the purpose of measuring the radioactivity of CO and CO,, the BaCO,-precipitates mere 'investigated by means of a counter. An equation for calculating the constants of the rate of exchange is written down and explained. The catalysts used in the course of experiments had the shape of tables (Ag, Cu, Pt, Co, Fe 3041 Ni, W) with a diameter of 2-5 mm and of foils (Ag, Pt, Ili). The results obtained by measurements are shown by table 1. In the case of all cata- lysts (with the exception of Pe 304 ) the reaction CO+1190.Me+CO2 is shifted practically completely in the direction of the production of metal. The aforementioned reaction cnld not be observed on tablet-shaped silver powder (175-350 ) and on a silver foil (7000). For copper kinetic measurements were 0 carried out within the temperature range of 250-400 , mhe quantity k remained constant with a variation of the total Card 2/4 pressure P - PCO + PC02 , and, under certain conditions, it '1~' SOV/2o-124-3-38/0'7 The Isotopic Exchange Between Cc and CO2 on Various Surfaces does not depend on the composition of the mixture. In the case of platinum, also the reaction 2CO = C + CO 2' the equilibrium of which is at t < 7000 shifted towards the pro- duction of carbon, takes place parallel with the reaction mentioned above. Without a catalyst this reaction does not occur, but it develops at a considerable rate in the presence of Ni, Co, Fe, and also of Pt, as shown by the experiments carried out by the authors On cobglt the aforementioned reaction becomes noticeabl; at 265 . In the case of nickel the activity of the catalyst was diminished by carbonization. 0 Experiments with tungsten were carried out at 550--700 . The tungsten-phase showed only little stability in the case of the prevailing experimental conditions. Isotopic exchange was found to occur at temperatures of from 550 0 onwards; at this temperature also the formation of tungsten-carbide be- gins. At higher temperatures tungsten is oxidized by carbonic acid. The results obtained by measuring the specific surface of the catalysts on the basis of data concerning the adsorp- tion of nitrogen at low temperatures are given by table 2. Card 3/4 There are 2 tables and 11 references, 4 of which are Soviet. SOV/20-124-3-38/67 The Isotopic Exchange Between Co and Co 2 on Various Surfaces ASSOCIATION: Nauchno-issledova-tellskiy fisiko-khimiclieskiy institut im. L. Ya. Karpova (Physico-Chemical Scientific Research Institute imeni L. Ya. Karpov) PRESENTED: September 29, 19582 by S. S,, Medvedev, Academician SUBMITTED: September 20, 1958 Card 4/4 82524 S/oku/60/133/OV27/031 -5- J000 Boo4/BO56 . ! " 01 (9 AUTHORS: OstrovskiL,--I~ Ye., Kullkova, N. V-, NWbaLleva, A. D. ---------- TITLE: The Influence of Selenium and Tellurium Upon the Catalytic Action of Silver in the Oxidation of Ethylenel PERIODICAL; Doklady Akademii nauk SSSR, 1960, Vol. 133, No. 4. pp. 875 - 877 TEXT: For their experiments the authors used silver sponge, which had been produced by the joint precipitation of silver carbonate, selenate, and tellurate~ The selenium compound was tagged with Se?5t the tellurium compound with Te127: The reaction with an ethylene - air mixture (2-5 - 3% C2H4) occurred at 2190C in a continuously operating apparatus (Befs. 2, 4). The purification of C 2lili obtained by the reduction of ethanol is described. Among other things, al6o activated carbon of the types Ar-3 (AG-3) and AC (AS) was used. The catalytic actiyityAwas determined by measuring the constant k 1 of the reaction rate of-ethylene oxide Card 1/3 8252h The Influence of Selenium and Tellurium Upon S/020/60,133/04/27/031 the Catalytic Action of Silver in the Oxidation BOOVBO56 of Ethylene formation, where k 1 was set equal to unity for the silver catalyst without admixture. The selectivity S was defined as the 1percentage ratio of k1 to the sum of the reaction rates of e~thyje~2~2xide formation and the oxidation of C2H4 to CO2 + H20. The relation Z~S =: S - S 0 is written down for the r,hange in selectiviV under the action of the admixture (S = selectivity with admixture, So selectivity without admixture), Fig. 1 shows the values for k 1 and S as functions of the concentration of Se and Te. Special experiments showed that the major p rt of the admixture was on the surface of the catalyst. An addition of 10"' 1 5.1o,-3 atom% of Se in- creased the catalytic a;tivity 3.5-fold. A higher selenium concentration poisoned the catalyst. An addition of tellurium did not change the catalytic activity, but also caused poisoning at concentrations ab-3Te 10 atom% Te. The concentration of the admixtures was measured by means of an HC_4 (ms 4).-type Geiger--Mueller counter. The authors assume that with a small admixture of elements of group VI of the periodic system to the Card 213 82521, The Influence of Selenium and Tellurium Upon s/o20/6o/133/o4/27/O31 the Catalytic Action of Silver in tile B004/BO56 Oxidation of Ethylene silver catalyst, two effects become active. The first consists in the formation of negative ions (e. g., Se02-), which reduces the adsorption energy of oxygen and accelerates the reaction of the adsorbed oxygen with ethylene. The second effect reduces the activity of tile catalyst by blocking its surface by foreign atoms. The admixture of selenium, which is required for maximum activity of the catalyst, is larger than that of sulfur (Ref. 2). In tellurium, only the second effect occurs because of its lower affinity to oxygen. There are 1 figure and 8 references; 5 Soviet, 2 American~ 1 French, and 1 German. ASSOCIATIONL Fiziko.-khimicheskiy institut im. L. Ya. Karpova (Phzsicochemical Institute im, L., Ya. Karpov) PRESENTED~ March 28, 1960 by S. S. Medvedev, Academician SUBMITTED: March 28, 1960 Card 3/3 LYUBARSKIY, G.D.; KUPKOVA, N.!V.! - ISAYEVA, O.G.; -; BURSHTEYN, R.Kh., IVANOVSKiYx;-r-.g-.r ~1]uw!,')VSYAYA, N.A. Specific activity -of nickel catalysts and thiophene adsorption. Dokl- AN SSSR 140 no-3t634-633 S 161. 1 (MIRA 14"9) 1. Fiziko-khimicheskiy institut im. L.Ya. Karpova. Predstavleno akademikom S.S.Medvade (ThiopheneTiAdsorption) (Nickel) LYUBARSKIY, G.D.; AVDEYEVA,- L.B., KULIKOVA, N.V.- Poisoning of nickel catalysts with thiophene. Kin.i kat. 3 no.l: 123-132 162. (MIRA 25:3) 1. Fiziko-khimicheskiy institut imeni L.Ya. Rarpova. (Nickel) (Thiphene) OSTROVSKIY1 V.Ye.; KULIKOVA, n.v.; LOPATIN, V.L.; TEWIN, M.I. Modifying action of additives on the ethylene oxidation catalyst. Kin.i kat. 3 no.22189-193 Yx-Ap 16Z. (MIRA 15:11) 1. Fiziko-khimicheskiy institut imeni L.Ya.Karpova. (Ethylene) (Oxidation) (Catalysts) KURILENK0, A.I.; BARANOVA, L.P.; TEMKIN, M.I. Kinetics of ethylene catalytic oxidation. Kin.i kat. 3 no.2s208-213 Yw-Ap 162. (KRA 15:12) 1. Fiziko-khimichaskiy institut imeni L.Ya.Karpova. (Ethylene) (Oxidation) (Gatalysis) KULIKOVA, N.V.; YEMKIN, M.I. Determination of the free energy of oxygen in a surface layer of oxidation catalysts. Part 2. Zhur.fiz.khim. 36 no.821731- 1734 Ag 162. (MIRA 15:8) 1. Finiko-khimicheakiy institut imeni. L.Ya.Karpova. (Oxygen) (Adsorption) (Catalysts) OSTROVSKIY, V.Ye.; KARPOVICH, I.R.; NULI'KOVA,P,*~~,-, 7EMEM, M,I, Calorimeter for mewwring the heats of cheailsorption at elevated temperatures. Zhur. fiz. khim. 37 no.11:2596-2600 N163. (MIFA M-2) 1. Fiziko-khimicheskiy institut 1.: 7,,~ova, Moskva. STRCYEVA, RUDNITIT11'. L..t.3 FOM-INP ?; 1: - , .. of GELIB3111-1EYN, 1;.l. - , Surface properties of a ratalyot fw, o.,id4zing azimollolygis of propylene. Kin. i kat. 5 no.2L355-356 Mr-Ap 164. (MIRA 17:8) 1. F'Izlkc,-khAmicb6skiy instuitut imeni harpava, I .. I ~~(, I . . I ~; Ki 1 ,1 - I l , . I . ~ .1 11 -, , , lf.Yf~, ~ I J. I. , " 1, ~ S, .v . , Al I I - j -,-, i Ii. '. 'I -'~f.j' , '- :,; 7 Kjn~,tic2 of' the OZl4(jFtjr)fj rif-- ~ -'.Iiy!Fnf:; t-o r~xjrje ()rj a se .1 on 1, um-pr oraoted -,l I I vu r c!, ta I yst, . K 1. r. . i ka t ~, -'; no . ` : 4' f,:c;.-,!. 77 (!., r !"'y,le 1 64, -111,.A !'/:!I) 1. instilll!it imuni. L'~nrpcva.. GELIB-SHTEAN P A.I.; STROYEVA, S.S. ; j?~J1.1-KOVA,. N.V. ; BAYS)III , Yu.14. ; LAIIIWSY V.11. Mechanism of the catalytic reactions in the partial cxidation and oxidative ammonolysis of propylene in the presence of M003--Bi203- Deftekhimiia 5 no.2:118-125 Ja-F 165. (MIRA 18:5) 1. Nauchnu-issledovatel'skiy Afiziko-khimicheskiy inatitut imer.1 Karpova, 14oskva. "] ;.;" !", - -V:11 I ~ ~ ".., N . %, . ') , , I C (A",.. ,.~ I, , ., -1 '. V4 k Heats of oxygen chemlsorption cn ailvr-r an(! their variation in response to sulfur introduced fit the surfare, Dokl. ',N S-3SH 161 nc.6:13,75-1377 Ap 165. (MIRA 18:5) 1. Fiziko-khimicheskly instltu'~ im. L.Ya. Karpova. Submitted Octoter 26, 1964. RUDNITSHY, L.A.; KtIL;KOVA, N.V, Variation In work function of' electrons in aisor-ution o' oxygen on a silver catalyst. DckI. A14 SSSR 16-22 no.3-617-61-10 1,5, Y U ~ (RIAA 18'.51) N 1. ir-Hf-t. iir~. L-Ya.Karpo-.ra. Salbmitte~i January 11, 19o, RUDNITSKIY, L.A.; KULIKOVA, N.V. V= 11-1 Kinetics of oxygen adsorption an silver at low pressures. Dakl. AN SSSR 162 no.6.-1330-1332 Je 165. (,'-aRA 18%7) 1. Fiziko-khimichaskiy institut im. L.Ya.Karpova. Submitted February 1$ 1965. I N.V.; 1-FIXI, L.P. ' -1 r . ! , 0 ~~ 'rI 0- . !4 ~ 7 65 .: -' - 165. on f oxygen on gr~-Id. h'~rj. I -'h' k I- ~ 'm THA 18 v3) 1. inf~t-U'Ul. I,Tan~ A,.3k,'a. - , I - G7,LIBSRTE'YN), A.I.; BAKSHT, Yu.M.; STROYEVA, S-S-; KULIKOVA, N.V.; LAFMIS, V.L.; SADOIISKIY, A.S. -,-- -, - - Kinetics and mechanism of oxidative ammonolysis and partial oxidation of propylene on bismuth-molybdenum catalysts. Kin. i kat. 6 no. 6:1025-1032 N-D 165 (MIRA 3.9 :1) 1. Fizi-ko-khimicheskiy institut imeni. Karpova. Submitted July 28, 1964. RIVKINA, Kh.I.p kand.tekhn.nauk;,,-.-I~~IIKOVA, N.V. Problem in rating peat as a raw material in chemical industrial processes. Torf. prom. 38 no. 3:5-8 t61. (MIRA 14:4) 1. Kalininskiy torfyanoy institut. (Peat) RIVKIIIA., Kh.l., kELnd.tekhn.nauk;_M'KOVA, N.V. PObduction of metallurgical coke from peat. Torf, prom. 38 no.5:2&31 161. (141RA 14-10) 1. Kalininskiy torfyanoy institut. (Coke) (Peat) RIITKINA, n.I., kand.tekhn.nauk; KIJL'KCVA., 'I,V. Cb-allc acid from peat. Torf. prom. 38 no.7:14-17 161, (MIRA 3-4:12) 1. Yalininskiy torfyanoy institut. (Oitalic acid) (Peat) MIRONOV,, V.P.; KR&SHKEVICH, K.V.; KRIVTSOVA, Ye.N.; KUL'KOVAlf T.A.; ROGINSKAYA., Ye.Ya. Laboratory investigation of the action of some repellents on the mature tick Dermacentor pictus Hem. Vest. Mosk. un. Ser. 69.,Biol., pochv. 16 no.1:26-31 Ja-F 161. (MIRA 14:4) 1. Kafedra apetsiallnoy podgotovki Moskavskogo universiteta. (INSECT BAITS AND REPELLENTS) (TICKS) IXT-401:11MA" I-I.-S, C d-~ 10 110.7 O.M., hand. ti-)khn, nauk; DU,40rrYFV, A,G,, Rand. tekhn. nauk; DENTSCA:y Imnd. tekhn, nmil-; XV1,111,(TVA, Vj~.. ir,,-,h. DurabIR concrete floors# St-rol., irnto no,11.,19-210 N 165, (MTIUt 18:12) 5/081/62/000/016/036/043 B171/B166 AUTHORS: Kulkowa, Jadwiga, Stankowiski, Henryk TITLEi Emulsion paints based on polyvinyl acetate PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khimiya, no.. 16, 1962, 547, abstract 16P255 (Tworzywa. Guma. Lakiery, v. -5, no. 10, 1960, 295-298, 316 LPol.j summaries, in Engl'. and RussianD TEM The authors give formulations of some water emulsion paints based on polyvinyl acetate. The methods of applying these paints, their range of use and their storage conditions are also indicated. [Abstracter.'s notet Complete translation-3 V Card 1/1 S1081162100'016~210531063 Bi 56/B1 01 AUTHORS:~ Jedlinski, Zbigniawt Kulkowa, Jadwiga, Matracka, Wanda TITLE: Fire-proof paints PERIODICAL: Referativnyy zhurnal. Khimiya, no4 12, 1962, 604, abstract~J, 12P214 (Tworzywa. Guma. Lakieryt v- 5, nos. 11-12, 960, 384) 35?-354, TEXT; For the protection of a material against fire, a paint is applied which under the action of fire forms a fused vitreous lay6r or foamed microporous layer. Sb, Al and Bi oxides, and SbS are used.as pigments as well as cheaper pigments and fillers: ZnO, TiO 2'.MgS'703' BaSO 4' Zn 3(BO3 )2 and CaCO 3* For foaming and swelling are added (NH 4)3 PO 4) casein, starch, urea, dicyandiamide, polyamide resin, carbonates, H 3PO4, salicylic acid, glycerine, methylenedisalicylic acid, and benzenesulfohydrazide. Asbestos powder, graphite, mica, shale powder, Al minerals, Al (0]1)3' MgO, and also fatty hydroxyacids, treated with Cl or H PO glycine, boranes, H BO 2 49 3 3' Card-1/2 510611621000101210531063. Fire-proof paints B150101 salicylic acid, triethylphosphate, chlorinated diphenyl; polysulfides, etc. are added to form a vitreous layer. Fire-proof additives are also introduced: chlorinated paraffins, tetra- and pentabromophenol, BrCH 2CH 2)3 PO 4? and (CH2BrCH2Br)3PO 4' Polyamide, aminoaldehyde and . J/ cumarone-indene resins, bitumens with Cl-containing additives, ' / polychlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, fluoro-resins, polyesters obtained. from fluorinated multibasic acids, and chlorophthal~c acids are used as fireproof film-formers. The use of chlorinated rubber and polyvinylaoetate is surveyed in detail. [Abstracter's-note: Complete translation.] Card 2/2 KWIALI, A-.M.; IASKIN, A.S. Sffe6t"df surface roughness of turbine profiles on the characterir~ ties of cascades. Trudy LPI no,193:141-149 158. (14IRL 12:2) (Turbines) KMI All Active cascades of turbine blades having or-all deviations fr(n, their geometrical shape. Trudy LPI no.193:150-156 158. (MIRA 12:2) (Turbines--Aerodynamic&) ~11 I '1~11104, A.A. Thermal treatment of Djetyonema s~aje. Gaz.prom. 4 no.6:20- I - 2) Je '59. (MIRA 12:8) (Oil ahaleB) AAIWA. A.Ta. (Aarna. A.J.), doktor telchnichaskikh nauk. rateenzent,- ELM.' It.], kandidat.ekonomi#eskikh naukd reteenzent; XY1L' , A.T, (011. A.T.3, redaktor; KIVIT, A.A., redaktor; MIKHELIS, K.A. (Hihalis, K.A.1, redaktor; GUBZRGRITS, Mark Yakovlavich, redaktor; ROGINA, G.M.. vedushchiy rodaktor; YASHCHURZHINSKAYA, A.B., tekhnicheakiv redaktor [Aagineering a-ad economic problems of Industrial semicoking of combustible shale; a collection of papers) Voprosy takhniki I skonomiki promyshlennogo polukoksovanits goriuchikh alantaev-, sbornik statei. Leningrad, Goo.uauchno-toklm. iza-vo neft, I gorno-toplivnoi lit-ry,.1*ningr.otd-nIa, 1957- 337 P- (MLRA 10:7) 1. Kivioll Polevkivikeemia Kombinaat. (Oil shales) ~X'4 . LU~~, UgKd--AIIKOJA, L.,, red.; ERIBERG,, K.., tekhn. red. _ _~d [Automation of production and its development in industries of the Estonian S.S.R.]Tootmise autoinatiseerimisebt ja selle arengust Besti NSV toostuses. Tallinn, Eesti Riiklik Kir- jastus., 1961- 54 P. (Eesti NISIV Politiliste ja Teadusalaste Teadmiste Levitamise Uhing, no.313) (IMIA 15:8) (Estonia-Automation) BRUTUS., L., kand. ekon. nauk, glav. red.; ANTONS, R., red.; P=SINSK1,U.,rcd.; KAGANOVITS, I., kand. ekon. nauk, red.; KULL, E., kand. ekon. nauk, red.; MM, R., red.; RANNIK, E.-;-i;d.-,ViNT, E., kand, ekon. nauk, red.; RIIKOJA, L., red.; KOHU, H., tekhn. red. (Economic life of Soviet Estonia, 1940-1960] Noukogude Eesti majandus, 1940-1960. Tallinn, Eesti Riiklik.Kirjastus, 1960. 478 p. (MIRA 16~6) 1. Eesti NSV Teaduste Akadeemia, Majanduse Institilut. 2. Chlen- korrespondent AN Estonskoy SSR (for Antons). (Estonia-EconovIc conditions) KULL,E; FREIDIN,P.) red.; 1AUL, tokhn. red. (Planning in industrial enterprises] Planeerimine to-O"otuset- tevUtetes. Tallinn, Festi Hiiklik Kii-jastus, 1962. 335 P. (MiltA 16: U) (Industrial manugeraent) KIVIT. A.A., red.; ANTORS, R.I., red.; AARNA, A.Ya., prof., doktor tekhn.nauk, retsenzent; ~~,!,x_,Aj.-..kBnd.ekon.nauk, retsenzent; RAZINA, G.M., vedushchvty 're~.; YASHCHURMINSKAYA, A.B., tel:hn.red. [Technology and economic aspects of the industrial semicoking of oil shales] Voproey tekhniki i ekonomiki promyahlennogo polukokso- vaniia goriuchikh slantsev. Leningrad, Gon.nauchno-tekhn.izd-vo neft. i gorno-toplivnoi lit-ry, Leningr.ota-nia. No.2. 1959. 429 p. (MIRA 12:10) 1. KiviBli P-olevkiv keemia Kombinaat. tOil shales) ~UL~Llf 1-t-kandidat fisiko-matematicheakikh nauk Linear transformations of certain classes of double sequences. In Russian. Besti tead akad tehn fuup 10 no,1;13-21 1619 (EEP-I 1017) 1. Tartuakly gooudarstvennyy universitet. (Series) Mransformations (Mathematics)) (Convergence) S/023/62/000/002/002,100-2- D234/D308 AUTHORS: Kull', I. Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, and Landra, B. TITIE: i'let-hod of solving the generalized transport problem PMIODICAL: Akademiya nauk Estonskoy SSR. Izvcstiyao Seriya fiziko- matematicheskikh i tekhnicheskikh nauk, no. 2, 1962, 120 - 127 TEXT: The authors offer a method superior to that given in the pa- pers of V.V. Shkurba, and M.K. Gavurin, G.Sh. Rubinshteyn and S.~. ourin at the 4th All-Union Ya-thematical Congress.in 1961. The prob- lem is formulated in terms of distribution of different kinds of fuels among different power stations, and solved by generalizing A* L. Lurlye's method (V. sb. "Primeneniye mate*matiki v ekonomicheskil~h issledovaniyakh" (App.~ication of Mathematics in Economic Invest-ib-a- tions), Moscow 1959, 354-389). The method is stated to be especial- ly suitable for finding nearly optimal distributions. A numerical example is given. There are 6 tables. Card 1/2 S/023/62/000/002/002/002 11ethod of solving the generalized ... D234/D308 ASSOCIATION; Tartuskiyyqudarstvennyy universitet (Tartu State Univerait Inatitut energetiki AN Bstonskoy SSR (In- stitute of Power Rrigineeringg AS BstSSR) SUBMITTED: September18, 1961 Card 2/2 Name: AULL', 1. G. Dissertation: Multiplication of additive binary series De6ree: Cand Phys-Math Sci Z Tar-tu State U, Chair of Gemetry ate, I'lace: 1956, Tartu Source: Knizluiaya Jj--topis', No 45, 1956 c. 1 cry nvestl rati ~,n) Tartu Zj~ ate Tartill 19'!~ (Disstirtation for Defp-c of Gindidatc. in ll-';5aclical S-ciencPs.). Kno zhnava. 1'et o-J 1- 2-1, 19 L 29212-66 ACC NR, AP6019079 SDURCE 00DEs UR AIM0411i Imga,_R. T oga., L. Ke ,uoj n ORGt Departmnt of Pathological Physiology) State Univerai Tartu Kafedra patologicheskoy fiziologii Gosudarstvannogo universiteti) 1-111' TITIE s Changes in arterial R2ssare and in the -cardiac rhythn of dogs on achlnizLrab, tion of adrena3in SWRCE: Fiziologichoskly zhurnal SSEPj, v. 51.9 no* 5p 1965,1 564-571 TOPIC TAGSt dog., blood pressarep pharmacology ABSTRACT: Intravenous administration of adrenalin in moderate doses (10-80 Cama) to anesthetized or unanevthetized dop lwoduced a reaction of the cardiv- vascular system which consisted of the following atseess 0 increase of blood pressure and slowing down of cardiac activity; 2) drop of blood pressure and ac- celeration of cardisc activity; 3) increase in blood pressure and slowine down of cardiac activity; 4) a slow drop of blood pressure and acceleration of cardiac activi to the initial rate. The Changes in blood pressure were produced by a direettlist and 3rd stages) and reflex t2nd wA 4th stagen) action of adrenalln on tho blood vessels. A pressor and a depressor effect were exerted. With in- creasing doses of adrenalin, the pressor effect became stronger, while the de- pressor offset decreased. At p i Arenalik dozen . -greater than W-. OD ganma, the