SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT AVERIN, I. G. - AVERIN, V. V.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: Scientific Abstracts
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP86-00513R000102610003-8
• Release Decision: RIF
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 100
• Document Creation Date: November 2, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 6, 2000
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 31, 1967
• Content Type: SCIENCEAB

AVER[N Ivan Gavzilovlch;. ZAYTSEVA, Yelena
Xonstantinavna; MASHKINA,A.,
tekhn. red.
(Thirty thous&nd baby pigs a year] tysie,ch porosiat
v
god. Moskva, Moak. rabochii, 1963. 39 P. (MIRA 16:8)
1. Direktor sovkhosa im.X-letiya Oktyabrya
Moskovskoy ob-
Imsti (for Avsrln).
(Swine)

AVERIN, Ivan Vasiltvovich; KABANOV, Nikolay Nikitichl
VILL, V.I.J,
re senzent; SHRAYYAN, I.B., inzh., red.; LEYKINA, T.L.
red. izd-va; KAPLANSKIY, Ye.F., tekhn. red.
[Friction welding in the manufacture of toolo; from
practices
of the Sestroretak Tool Manufacturing Plant named
after Voskov)
Svarka treniem v instrumentallnom proizvodstirs; iz
opyta Sestro-
retskogo instrumentaltnogo zavoda imoni Voskova.
Hoakvap Hash-
giz, 1962. '72 p. (MIRA 3-5:12)
(Leningrad-Tool and die industry) (Tools-Welding)

AMIN, Nikolai Dmitritivich
St-ockpilling of cob Motikwa StroiiMat, 19".
16 P. 51-51802
TP832.C6A9
1. Cob (Mlding miterlal)

AVERIN, Nikolai Dmitriev-1oh.
The manufacture of foundation blocks Moskva Strollzdat Noirkom-strolas 19". 17 p.
52-521M
TP832.C6AS9
1. Cob (Building material)
r,-I'Wp~I~,x?n-I0-&W9- R51; "r, A~TIWIM' M
WNFIREGIFwe
A

VERIN. "s. D. and P. A. %HVI.W.
I ,
Froblemy cMkavptoros-troenllA v SSSR. Sveralovsk, Fasligis,
194,6. 131 P- 'alus-
(Problems of excavator construction in the USSR.)
T)lr! TA730.75
SO: M-9n,ifacturing and Mechanical Engineering in the
Sovli-t Union, Library of
Congress, 1953-

IVERTNP Nikolai Dmitrievich
Quovies of building mterial Noskvaq Goo. Izd-vo strolt.
Ut-ry, 1946. 230 p.
52-35268
TFMAS

AVERIN, N.D., inahener.
Increaeing draglIne productivity. Mekh-stroi. 4 no.10:3-5 Oct.
147.
("U 9: 3)
1. Vessovusnyy nauchmo-issledovatel'skiy institut po organizateil
i mekhanizateli stroitelletys.
(Igarthmoving nachinery)
N,
F
7r

AVIRIN. N.D., lashemer.
lxaavator construction in the U.S.S.R. Nakh. stroi.
4 se.11:7-10
N 147. (KM 9:2)
l.VoesoyuzVy nauckme-isslodevatellskiy lastitut pe
*rganizatell.
I nekhanizateli stroltellstva.
(fteavating nachisery)

AVMTN, Nikolat DmitrIevich
gKoavation by machinery Moskyat Goo. izd-vo atroit. lit-ry, 19/+9.
71p. Nducho-
populiarnaia bibliotaka strottelia 50-35528
TA735.A9
:,%,-..,~. ~ -~ ~- *. I :~ : -- ~;--% :I. ." I c~~ -, ~*~,-~l i.%
- . . ,. , ..

AV&IN, Nlkolai Dmitriiyvich
Earth-work 3.isd.s, perer. I dop. Moskva, Goo. izd-vo
strolt. lit-ry, A949. 86 P.
50-15030
TA715.A9 1949
1. lkrthwork.

AVERIN, N.D.
Planning operations of earthmoving machinery*
Stroi.prom. 27
no,1:13-16 Ja 149. (MIRA 13:,?)
1. Yessoyunnyy nauohno-looledovatel'oklY institut p0
organizataii
i makhanisittaii stroitelletya. I
Olarthm*ving machinery)

11-4-1.
AV121N, Nikolay -
AVERIN, Nikolay DmUr4wich; ROGOVWCIY, L.V., redaktocr;
CHXBYMOTA, 're.A.,
"TiMinM 4'ilcm. ~ e dakt o r.
(Raising the wooductivity of earthmoving machinei,-I
Povyshenie proizvo-
ditallnosti soularoinykh mashin. Moskva, Machatrolisdat,
1950. 179 P.
(larthmov:Lng maohinery) (MM 7--8)

"Ibe effIclent organizatlon of transportation during ear"h
excava t Iona, Mechatil-
zation ol Labor Consuming and Heavy Wcork, 1951-

VFR114, N. D., - I'n'.-h. i, N, *- I.. - d-i- Tei'lli
Nallk, ii, 11 V~.',!:j 11 11. V.
T-n-7em,'r-, 1-1. K. - In-Hiener, Mlil,:Ilt, 1. A. -
limhonei-
V.-,e soyumny niii.2)iilo-it3.,-~.I.e(ioviteltskiv
instittit or 'Ini7,lt,Sli. i
stroitellstv,t (Vnioms)
.1'": i HL]ILA Vlr,A (13MVIV hi, Y.,. i
Page 142
Sot CoUectjon of Annotatippe of Scientific Research IQ' k
pn Constr, -4.on,
a!-t-od An I'M -lqs,-, :PTI -
c
on nov, 1951

AVERTN, Vikolai Dmitrievich
Organization of transport of larege manse@ of earth Hooky@, Gon. Isd-vo
lit--ry -o
stroitalletwu I &rWtekturo, 1952. 71P
Velikin stroikm kommism 53-23185
TA715.07
1. lbrthwark. 2. 1krthswing mehinery.

I . 1 .1 :~ , . ~ : " -- I. i '.' ~ I ". ~,,, t~ '~--,- ~ t ~ - - --, , , 1 7,- .
: , 1 ~ - -~ -. , : - , , ~ j -. z; 1z "o . : N . I , ~i 1 :' '~ ~ ~-: 1 j ; ~ :
- ~ I -~ .~ ~ I:
. -1- MMMMOMM&MENS~M;
AVERIN, N. D.
Changeable shovel for single ahovel exenvators. N. D. Averin., Mekh. strol,
9, no. 2, 1952.
SO: MLRA. April 1952.

AIVERITIF N. 11).
"Tractow scrapers." Reviewed by N.D. AverJn. Hekh. strol. 9 no. 4, 1952
SO: MLRA. JUIY 1952.

AVIRIN,J11fiDej Inzhener litureat Stalinskoy promit;
NEMEIT.10, L., rsUktor;
VUTNKI M., teki;lcheakiy rodaktor
[Barthwork] Zemliaiwe raboty. [Kiev] Goo. ir-d-vo tokhn.
lit-ry
USSR, 1953, 238 Pe (mm 817)
(Urthwork)
4

AVERIN, NAulay !Avltr*ovlch, b1zherer. laurcut Sti,liii-koy premil.
[(~tarrylngl Lirlernoo khozialetvo. Moskyu, Gon,,izd-vo lit-ry po
stroitell-
nt,ni 1 1953. 439 P. OQiA 6:7)
(:Ctaurries and quwmying)

AVXR I N ik 1 Datitri vich, Inzhener, laureat Stalinakoy
premii [authorj,;
W QRMOV, G.O.. inshener (reviewers].
4, 9
A book which does not fulfill Its purposs. N(~aarry ing. 11
N.D.Averin, Reviewed
by V.I.Varakim, O.O.Ohlenov. Mekh.trud.rab. 7 no.10:46-47
O-N 153.
(KLML 45:10)
(,*(~tmrriee and quarrying) (Averin. Nikolat Unitrievich)

AVf_KtW'
__ T&i~_TOMM. V.H., yrofessor.
'Drganizing the transportation of large masses of eurth.,
N.D. Averin.
Re-viewed by Tolstop.ratov. Mokh.stroi. 10 no.5:31 14Y 153.
(KLRA 6:6)
(Zarthwork) (Av in, Nlkolai Dmitrievloh)
"I "

moo luumit Stalinskoy premii, inzhener; PSTEES. Te.R..
kandidat
AIV!a
tekhnIcheGkikh nau1c; BARON, 7. Ta.
Bucket vibratc-ra for single-bucket excavators.
Mekh.8troi. 10 no.6:12-;-
Je 153. (HLRA 6:6)
01navatinc maebinery)

AVMI# II*D* laurmt 11talinakoy pretaii, iazlieuer; PITIRS,
Ye.R., kimdidiLt tekh-
MMKikh mak; M IWO G,X., insheaer,
Concerning the t)ps of self-propelled somper. Makh.ttrot. 10
no.'?S6-10
JTl '53. (MUtk 637
13kcavatiM mchinery)

SHISHKO, Ye.F., profeesor, doktor tekhalcheskikh nauk (reviewer];
AVIRIN, N.D..
inshener, laurent Stallnekoy premll [author].
Oquarrying." N.,D.Averin. Reviewed by I.F.Shielft. Makh.stroi. 10
no.12:29-
30 D '51. MU 6:11)
((~iarries and qwkrrying)

D.
USSR/Enginserinp-Excostfoa
Card 1/3.
Alithor a Lvarb) H. L., Engineer) Laureate of the Stalin prire
Title i Complex mechanization of excavation wra'k
Periodical # Mekh. Stroi. 1112) 10-13, February 1954
Abstract s ~.he article is an analysis of factors involved in effe,,tive
riechanized'ex,javation work. The basi,%, conditions of c)rreet
coordination of machine operations and organization of techno-
logical procedure, the author states, ares a) the pa:7ameters
of tht machines should correspond to 'the character and volume
c,f th-i workp the type and dimensicnx~ of the equipment Installed
and their nunber should be held at a mirmum), b) the production
c-f ea.-h machine should insure the &reitest amount of work for the
tower supplied; and c) the vdiole unit should insure a ateady
flow Df excavated material.
Institutioa 1 4064.00
Submitted

'FA 11 1',I Ai)h;j
rt I
AVARM. N.D., inshener, laureat Stalinskoy premil;
PZTIRS, Te.R.,
"1~1ftbdiditt takhnich,sekikh nauk; SHINKIVICH, N.A.,
inchaner.
Now machinery for working frozen ground. Makh.stroL.
11 no.7;
9-11 Jl 154. OGRA 7:7)
Orrosen ground) (Marthmoving machinery)

CHIMSHIN, V.A., :mndldat takhnichaskikh naxik; AVERIN
N D laureat
1:2 -
Stalinskoj* praujil Cdeceasedj; POZDNYAK, rodaktor;
UDOD, V.Y&,, redaktor; VOLKOV, V,S,, tokhnichookir
redaktore
(Vinter mining of send wA clay in *pas pits]
Rairabotka glinia-
afth I pes-3h&aykh karlerov v XLMROO Tromia. Moskva,
Goo.izd-vo
lit-ry po stroit. t arkhitakture. 1955.8?p
(Microfilm](MUL 9:6)
l.Nachallalk laboratorii Vassoyusiogo
sauchno-inaledovatollskog*
instituts, organizateil i makhazisatsit stroitol'BtT&
(for Averin).
2.Vessoyusayy nauchno-isolodovatel'skAy institut
orgasizatmil i
mokhamizateii etroitel'stra.
(cloy) (Sam)

AGAPOV, D.S.; ARTIBILOV. MI.-, VIXTOROV, A.M.1 GINTS,
A.B.; GORIKOV, A.Y.;
GUSYATINSKII, K.A.; KARPOV, A.S.; KOLOT, I.I.;
KOHARICYSKIT, Y.T.:
KCRYAGIN, A.I.; KRIVSKIT, M.N.; KRAYNOV, A.G.; NISHROYA,
I.N.;
OBUS, I.S., kandidat. takhuicheakikh nauk, SOSNOVIKOV,
K.S.; SUKHOT-
SKIY. S.F.; CHLSMOV. 0.O.: YUSOV, S.K.; MI. S.Ta.,
akedemik, glarm
ridaktor; KOSTROV, I.N.. redaktor; BARONINKOV. A.Y..
professor,
doktor takhnicheskikh nauk, redaktor; XIRZMIXR, D.A..
professor,
doktor takhitiche8kikh nauk. redaktor; SHISHKO. Ye,,Y.,
professor, doktor
takhnicheek-1kh nauk, redaktor! AMIN. 11 D.. Inz1viner,
re(laktor
[deceased]; GORIKOV, A.V., inzhene`-r-,-F~~; KO"IVSKIT.
Y.T.,
inshener, ro&aktor; ROGOVSKIT. L.V.0 inthener, ralaktor-,
SHAPOVALOV,,
T.I., Inihener, redaktor; RUSSO. G.A., kandidat
takhnichaskikh nauk,
redaktor; FILIMONOV, N.A., inshener, redektor-, VCUOY.
L.L. inshemer,
redaktor; GRISHIN. H.M.. professor, doktor takhnicheakikh
nauk, rediok-
tor; ZHURII. V.D., professor, doktor tekhnicheekfkh aeuk,
radaktors,
LIXUACHICV. V.P., inzhener, redaktor; KNDVILDIV, V.K.,
kandidat tekhai-
cheskikh neuk, redaktor; MIKHATLOV, A.Y., kandl&-it
takhnichaskikb,nauk,
redaktor; EXTROV, G.D., inzhener, rednictor; RAZII, N.V.,
redaktor: - -,
SOBO1AV. Y.T.. inshener, redaktor; FXRINGJM, B.P.,
Inshener, redaUtor;
TSYPIAKOV, V.D., inthener, redaktor; ISAYXV, N.V.,
redaktor; TISTRCIVA.
0.S.. redalctor; SKYORTBOV, I.M., takhnichaskly rods)-tor
(The Volga-Don canal; technical report on the ccnatimetion
of the
Volga-Don Ganal. the T31mlyansta7a tWdro development and
irrigation
works (1949-19~)2); in five volmes) Yblgo-Don;
takhnicheakil otchot
(rontinued on next card)

AGAPOV. D.S. -- (continued) Card 2.
o strottelletva Tolgo-Donskogo sudokhodnogo k8naLj Iment
Y.I.Lenina.
TStalianskogo gidrouzla i orositallnykh aoor'iihenii
(1949-19.52)
plati tomakh. Glav.red. S-IA. Zhuk. Moskva, Gosonerg.
IsA-vo.
Tol.5. [Quarry management] larlernoe kho&iaietvo.
Red-toma I.N.
Kostrov. 1956. 172 p. (9LRA 10:4)
1. Russia (1923- U.S.S.R.) Kinisterstvo
elekt,.,rostanteii. Byuro
takhnicheekogo otcheta o stroitalletve Volgo-Dona, 2.
Dayetyltel'Mry
chaln Akadewil strottelletva, I arkhttaktury 56SR (foi!
Razin)
(Quarrisa and quarrying)

AVERIN, N.D,-
. Conducting mrthwork operations in winter.
Stroi.prom. 27
n0-9::3-6 S 159. (14IRA 13:2)
(larthwork--Cold weather corAttiona)

BA13AKOVP A.A.; Fi:IX),'%O';A, V.I.; SOLOVIYEN, L.L.;
1,0111, b(A)OKA, L.I.;
CHEROS11:11A, N.P.;
MOSUMVICH, Ye.l.;
AlUSEYE11,00 M.F.;
MIATOV, A.A.; %LIGUTSKII,
SlIA141LI, Yu.P.; SMOLYAKOIJ, V.F.; BADKOV, T.4.,-
PATIADA, A.N., S.1,;
KOROBKO, 1M.I.; KOROBKO, AkTRIN, N.M.;
L.R.
Inventions. I-let. I gorrior-ud. pram. no.4:S3 JI-Af,
164,.
(~JIRA IS:7)

AVFMNP A. M. [Aver-~n 0. M.) (Saratvv); BURMISTROV, I'S. F.
1Bur?dst,r-o-v-O,-'ik--?-.-Y (Seratov)
Banding of a plate with a hole in which is soldered a rigid
washer. PrykL makh. 8 no.6:675-679 162. (MIRA l5ilo)
1, Saratovskly gasudRretyennyy universitst i %tratoysidLy poll-
tekhnichaski:r Inettitut.
(Ilastic plates and shells)

SXRIIDA. M.V.; AVlRrlff,_qj~-.
Experience .)f the "Ghervonyl Sksk-nvottor" Pl%vt workers
In
incremsing 'Labor productivity and production.
N&uk.m%p.Kievua.
15 no,9:7L-76 156. NZRA 10:7)
1. Direktor savodu *Cherwoniy eksk-%v%tor* (fc~r Seroda).
2. Machallnik planovogo viddilTA (for Averin),
(Kiev--Z):cRv,4t Ing m-lehinery) (lokbor productivity)

SLOTVIIISKIY-SIDAK, N.P.p POTAPOV, V.I.;
AVERINO P.I.
Precipitating piwe and chemically pure
vanadl.um pentoxide
from alkaline solutions, TSv*t* met, 38 no.5iV
IV 065.
(MIRA 18W

137-58-6-11679
Translatior from Referativnyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya,
19511, Nr 6, p 65 (USSR)
AUTHORS Semi:,,in, I.D., Averin, S.I.
TITLE Controlling the Flarne Jet in Open-hearth Furnaces
(Organt
zatsiya fakela plameni v martenovskikh peclialkii)
PERIODICAL Tr. Donetsk. otd. Nauchno-teklin. o-va chernoy
irietallurgii,
19 5 7, N r 5, pp 3 9 -46
ABSTRACT When a free jet rnoves in an infinite space, the
proccus of
rnixing consists of the capture of and transportation of
the neces-
sary arro-ant of air into the depth of the flame and then
of inti-
mate intermixing thereof. The flarne l,?ngth (FL) depends
upon
the ci,ameter of the burner, the heating value of the gas
(calcu-
lation has to be in terms of heat value per unit weight),
the 02
conunt of' the air, the velocities of the gas and air
flows and
the angle at which they meet, In open-hearth furnace
przictice,
Fl, i!; not dependent upon the velocity of the gas, unless
sup-
plementa-ry sources of energy are used in the form of
co:,n-
pres:ied air. *~ut tho FL does depend upon air velocity,
ie-
clining a6 air velocity increases. The angle of contact of
gas
Card I/Z and air ir-ust not be >201, because although the
FL diminishes

137-58-6..11679
Controlling the Flame .*c,' in Open Hearth Furnaces
in this case as the result of the impact of the flows, the
aerodynamics of
the flairle are simultaneously impaired. Venturi ports should be
modified in
the following d)reclions 1) reduclion of the dimensions of t'..-ie gas
port
where reserve dra-A is available, 2 provision of mu.Atiple-jet burners
if
coke gas is available. The speed of outflow of cold coke gas should be
> 80 irdsec, 3) de:ivery of compressed all- in higli-pr-!ssure jets
with Laval
nozzles. It was foLrd at one of the plants in Dnepropetrovsk that
delivery of
compressed air into the tank by rneans of two side nozzles reduced heat
time by 30-40 min. A 6esign has been developed of a port with an
aerody-
namic tank in which the major role is played by air and not gas.
1M. M
1. Open hearth systenis
Card 2/2

38389
S/148/62/ooo/004/004/006
lilw E081/E435
AUTHORS: Semikin, I.D., Averin, S.I.
TITLE: Basic rnechainism of a turbulent gas flame
PLPIODICAL: lzvestiya vysshikh uchobnykh zovedeniy.
Cherna-la metallurgiya, no.11, 1962, 140-152
TEXT: The paper is a continuation of previous work. The
similarity conditions in turbulen. flow are analysed and a
formula
derived for transforming from one type of flow to anoth -er.
1ho
length of the flania is regarded as the sum of two lengths, the
capture length in which the gas emerging from thq nozzle
captures
some of the surrounding air and the transfer length in which
thow
combustion is completed. The forces in the flAme due to the
difference between the densities of the gases, and the
dimensionless Euler forces arising from the differences in
static
pressure are evaluated and a calculation made of the amount
of air transferred in the capture length. A fifth power
equatiLon
is obtained for thi3 dimensionless length of the turbulent
flame
and the factors determining this length are briefly discussed.
Card 1/2

s/l48/6;a/ooo/oo4/oO4/oo6
B&3ic mochanism E081/E435
There are 3 figure.s.
ASSOCIATION: Dnepr-opetrovskiy metallurgicho3kir institut
(Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Insilituto)
SUBMITTED: June 19, 1961
Card 2/2

S/148/62./000,/006/003/04)5
E081/E415
AUTHORS: Averin S,
_1-, Semikin, I.D.
TITLE: Combu;stion of a single component ga,s mixture in a
turbulent flame
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya vysshikh uchebuykh zavedoniy. Chernay4..
metallurgiya, no.6, 1962, 146-154
TEXT: In a previous ifork (Izv.VUZ. Chernaya netallurgiya, no.4,
1962) the present authors found the formula for flame length
b, Z3 (1)
7CM (.1 +Fr C4QK)
In order to calculato flame length from this formula, it is
necessary to knou- tho incan composition and specific gravity of'
-the
gas mixture at tk-..e end of the capture path, and equations arc
quoted for (1) the weight fractions of combustible gas, cr
res-idua I
Card 1/2

S11 48/152/000/008/008/009
E194/E435
AUTHORS: Averin, S.I., Semikin, I.C.
TITLE: The combustion of multicomponent gas mixtures ina
turbulent flame
PERIODICAL: Izvee;tiya vyashikh uchebnykh za-vedeniy. Chernaya
metal.lurgiya, no.8, 1962, 158-1-69
TEXT: General uquations are first formulated far the coffibustion
of a mixture of 1,wo combustible gases with oxygen. The
combustion of mixtures of oxides of carbon andi hydrogen is therd
considered and, on the basis of previous articles by the samo
authors (Izv.VUZ. Chernaya metallurgiya, nos. 4 and 6, 1962).,
a formula is derived for the ratio of the flame length to the gas
nozzle diameter. An auxiliary graph is given to facilitate
practica-. calculations with the formula. The combustion of
hydrocarbons and of mixtures or severcl gases is then considerod.
.Calculations are made of flame length as function of Froude
Number
for oxides of carbon, hydrogen, generator gas, natural gas, coke
oven gas, blast furnace gas and Moscow city gas in an atmosphere
of
air for subsonic. rates of gas flow. The results are compared
with
Chrd 1/2

s/148/62/000/012/'008/008
E081/EI64
AUTIIORSs Avorin, S.1.9 and Semikin, I.D.
TITILOt Length of a turbulent gas flame issuing under high,
pressure from cylindrical and conical jets
PER10DICALs Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy,
Cherna.ya metallurgiya, no.12, lgb2, 1b2-173
TEXT: A formula for ~_.urbulent flame length derived previously
by the present authors (Izv. vuz. Chern. met, no.8. .1962) is
analysed and developed,with special reference to conditions oi
high
gas velocity, in which changes of gas density must be taken
im,to
account. The relationship between 'the specific gravity and the
velocity of the gas is established, and two criteria,
characterisinS
respectively the relative gas flow and the initial gas
compressions
are ohtained. Calculations are carried out for Shebelinka
natural
gas (92.3% CH4, 4.24~ C240 0 95b CO 0.3M9 C4HI
1.391i Nn, 0. 4 1% 0) an curves are g
0.460', C5H12' d. I Ken to show
the dependence of flame length on relative gas flow. The flaw-*
length increases continuously with increasing gas flow, but at
a
decreasing rate uy to a critical flow, after which the rate
Card 1/2

Length of a turbulent gas flame s/148/62/'000/012/008/001$
increases again. Smaller diameter jets give shorter flames with
a greater ratio of flame length to jet diameter. If the air Is
pre-heated, the flame length increases more rapidly with gas flow
than if it is notj the flaine length to jet diameter ratio
depends
less on jet diameter and the flame is longer. ~Jeasurements made
with Shebelinka gas show good agreement with theory.
There. are 6 figures.
ASSOCIATION3 Dnepropetrovskiy metallurgictieski-y institut
(Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Institute)
SUBMITTED: Septembe,r 12, 1961
Card 2/2

AM'd1l, SIVIEN, I.D.
Ga'-ulating- the length of a turbulent gar, flame.
Izv.vyB.uchob,,::a,;.;
chorne met, 8 no.41202-211 165. (MIRA 11114)
1. Dnepropotrovskiy iretal)urgicheskiy Institut.

LXVENETF, N.P.; SAHARIN, A.M.1 SEMIKIN, I.D.; &4 tKOV, V.E.;
BEMBIVEK,
PANYUKHNO, L,.G.; SVINOLODOV, N.P.; AVERIN,.,S.I.;
SMIRNDV#-Y,M,;
ZELENSKIr, V,D.; LAYKO, B.G.; TISHCHENKO, 0.1.; OMRIMOVIGH,
B.Pq
DANILOV, A.M.; TISHKOV, YU.Ya.; PANOV, M.A.; MARKELOV, A.I.;
PETROVp A.K.1 VkSILEVSKIY, P.A.; PJkSYUK, K.I.; NIZTEROV,
V.I.;
KHRUSTALIKOV, L.A.; GLAZKOV, V.S.; HAKAGON, V.G.f FOMIN, G.G.;
TRISHCHENKO, V.D,; XORZH, V.P.; SUYAROV, D.I.; ARSEYEV, A.V.1
PAVLYUCHENKO,, A.A.; ZHADAYEV, V.G.; KONDORSKIY, R.I.;
MOROZOVA,
I.A.1 KOCHllNVj V.Vq PRUNINER, V.L.; VALEVICH, I.A.;
MALIOVANOV, D.1.1 ZAKOVRYASHIN, I.I.; NOVSKIY, I.S.1 NOVIKOVA,
V.P.; GRISHIA, K.N.; ~WKOVSKAYA, M.L.; KORNI."fEV, B.H.
Inventions. Met. i gornorud. prom* no,3s75--76 Yq-Je 164.
(MIRA 170,0)

AV i:'Pll 113 ..-, . . ll~"-IkIIK ip I, r j) .
I
Ff f3- t :~f vii-Jc'ao ft' '. ',7. 1 r.1- IF; 'I' I
I, t"l) )" a -.,,irbul e.--, t, Kan
f 1 rim " . vjs. urhub. '-,av . , cl,erri. riet. 8
no.16; 146-1512 16 !-;.
(MIRA 18%~))
1 . D r., e p r c, p t3 - k ly in e ! - -A 11 " r g I
( '-. !.-, k " ,, '. r. a tl i t 1 ~':- 6

SEMKIN, lo.-i If Dim -I 'wvich; AVI~i 11.1 ) ;f A
I 'rey I vnnov I c I q :~ADCJ ;a KO ,
Ir1ria IvallovyLa; KOVALEV, A.P., I-rcil.p
doptoi- t"'khri. neuk
retsepzentj TELEG1143, A.S., dots., kand. teklin.
nauk,
retserzent
[Fuel and Nel management In mcitiillurgl~!&'i
plants] Toplivo
i toplivno4 khoz1aistvo, metallurgicheskikh
~tavodov. Moskva,
Metallurgila,, 1965. 391 P. (MIRA 16;11)

A'M R* AP60290'11- SOURCE CODE: bii/"))113/66/ooo/oit,/(11.?8/0129
INVENTOB: Gerlovin,_L. 1,; Chernovin,.N. A. ;_,AKqr~pj,_Y- 8.;
Nagibin, A. Ya.;
jTorgashov, A. LI; Ald- tuandrovoki .A. A.; Sle V. P. N1
nch-cv,
ORG: none
T
IT
LE: ? Valve with it hydraulic or pneumatic pinton drive. Class 47,
No. I(Plofflii
farinounced by the S:?ecial Design Office of the Bali. -.Po
Ser o Crdzhonikid e (Spetsiallnoye konstruktorskoye byurc,
kotlostroyeniyn 11(ati.N-skogo
SOURCE: Izobret pr.)m obraz tov zn, no. 1h, 1966, 128-12S1
TOPIC TAGS: valve, hydraulic piston drive, pricumatic pititon
drivedl~ku'~qit-.14.Z'X,
&'V~ , PLJO, Zk-4~
BSTRACT: The proposedjnve At a hydraulic or pneirnatic piston
drive is designed
for opening and closing i~e-'Through flow-section of main and
auxiliary pip.-inga. In
order to synchronize the opening and closing of both p1pings, itn
control ploton is
provided with an annular groove, which, in the open valve
position, conncct,,,3 the
Card

-01TAA o 6 o
-avod. 6 ~oj Infor..'itail.
pro -I r.
n 0l! Tul"billoo) P.
C roplos
!;;It Truc,,p vP. 7) -e!,-J Mp Illoorted. 2,10
lo--t r.,- (-CAno7_o LnnS.i)rred-
I.t)A at r.-:,on,
zavrd. I tak~inichcok,-,,- Lr,:on:.tktzli.
A. r-ro"11w; "43ax-Ji lz 0. A.
T,~ ho
A. C o
L'ol, Mt, Cu. Yltclllno-
lolo, -!I ;o V ',"(X, ,)Vi

Certain Problems (Cont.) SOV/54,60
COVERAGE: The experience of the L14Z (Leningradekly
metallicheakiY
zavod - Leningrad Metalworking Plant) in the manufacture
of m-,)dorn
large-capacity turbIneB is presented. Methods for the
rationall-
zation of basic manv,facturing processes and for
tho'nochanization and
automation of nanual operations are given. Descriptions
of attach-
monta and tools donigned by UIZ for improving labor
productivity
and product quvlity are provided, and advanced Inapeation
mothods
discussed. References atoompany some articles. No
personalities
are mentioned. There are 26 referenoes: 25 Soviet und I
Engliah.
TABLE OF CONTENTSi
Foreword 3
NISW FROGESSING KMODS IN MACKININ-3
AND A33MBLY
Oamze, Z. M. (Engi,naerj. The organizations Methods,and
Trends in
Efforts for Improiring -.he Easy Manufaoturability of
Designs for
Large Hydraulic Ttirbinike
Card.2M-

Certain Problems ((',ont,) SOV/5460
Surface of Turbine Blades on a Lathe 224
Teimmerman, A. I. (1:ngineer]. Fixtures With Universal Pneu-
matio Actuation 230
Martlyanov, 0. 1. [11.ngineer). Surfacing the Leading FAIges
of
Turbine Blades With Stellite- [Type] Hard Alloy 234
Blokh, V. A. (Engine-er]. Moment Recording Scalea for
Weighing
Turbine Blades 237
IV. PROGRESSIVE METHODS FOR WELDING, CILSTING, PARTS
HEATING,AND =CTROCHEMICAL TREATING
Averin, V. D. (Engineer), and B. A. Rabotnov (Migineerj. The
I~Wcation of Automatio Welding in the Manufaotultre of
Hydraulic
and Steam Turbines 24o
Sukaoh,, S. A. (Engineer). The Welding of Steam.-Turbine
Cylin-
ders Made of Types 20K"IFL and 15KhlMlFL Perlitic: Steels 248
Card 7A2

26409
S/ 1056,/( I/O41/OO1/CO4/021
426, o~,7/j B'~02/B21 ~
AUTHORS: Averin, V. G., Mazing, L. A, Pisanko, A~ 1,
TITLEz Spe."tro5copic investigation of a toroiri%l discharge
PERIODICAL: Zhurnal eksperimentallnoy i v. 41,
I ~
no,' M 1961, 42 - 48
TEXT: The authors report on spectroscopic investigations of liefit emitted
from plasma in a "Beta" toroidal chamber under Vhl'~OUS LL-Ot C-0ildItICII-q.
Contrary to the "Alpna" iind "Zeta" chambers, this hao a considerably
higher current density. Here are some parnmoterg of 111~ela" chairber:
Main torus diameter: 750 mm; diameter of the dlqcharj~-! chambert 1~10 mm;
duration of dischargei 670"sec; fiel~t 200 - 1106 cl,e; maximum discharge
2
currenti 120 ka (at 1.5 kv)j maximum current don.-iLyt .100 a/cm The
light emitted by the plaiiina was observed throiiph a qu;Artz %yindow qwo
mirrors were used to ref.~ect it to two
At the outputs of these inonochromators therf- Wel't, Cf type
~$-~)Y- 1 8(FEU- 16) ,The pu.,ses from the rialtiplier.,i w-i~e 1,od to the-
oscil-
loscope CK-P409OK-201K3) via two amplifiers The Jibotihi-Ae currel-t Wfika
Card 1/4
T==AM R

26hC,9
S ~.,"o!' I/oo 1 /004 /0 21
Spectroscopic investigation of.... B 0 C"/ 132 1
measured with the help of a "Rogovskiybeit" prol.)e hf,.er
nteF,ration its
signals were fed to an OK-17ti(OK-171,11) Me voitaflq
pi.1ses Vkere
fed to the second input Df this oscilloscope. Thp%~
intentii!y of tiie spectral
lines has been studied as a function of time for- oxyg-~ri.
fluorine, n1trogen.
carbon, and helium and als-i the influence of inttial
~jntiations t;n the
discharge and the influerce of Impurities The folliowine,
has been ~,.ound:
Ions with various charges start to emit ligIA nt v,,iicus
instant", 8:~ter the
discharge has storted. Ions with higher chai-Ce-l (M. FV)
'till start later
to emit light than ions with lower charees (01.11. FTI-) All
lines :3how
an intensity minimum where the discharge current ha~~ .*s
maximum. On both
sides of this minimum OJII and OIV have distinct maxima; OV.
Lowevor, has
only a weak one at the end of discharge. The iritew.ity
characteristics with
respect to tine of NV, VIV, and CIII are similar, to those
of' 011, 0:1V, FIII
and FIV. It has been found that the occurrence ..f "i,
intensity dip of the
lines was very sensitive with respect to changes in
prensure. discharge
current and magnetic field. The plasnia resist&ncve is also
a function of
these parameters. If the field deviates from its optimum
value (151) - 200 oe)
on either side the dip will disappear and strong intelisity
fluctuations will
show up. Analogous conditions are found if the opti.m-ain
pressure is riot kept
Card 2/4

S/O 5 (~/6 1/oi. 1 /VV 1 /C04 /02 1
3pect,roscopic inv'satigation of... B1021IB212
(3-5 4.5'1'0- 1, decrease of the discharge ourrent will alto br '
mm Hg) ing i
about a flattening and, finallyj a disappearing of thi) minimum.
Wher, 50 % Ed,
was added to H, no changeo oocu=od, just as in a disc'tiargo in
pure H(!.
Addition of argon, howev.0-:%, had a significant Influen,.e. The
occurrunce of
a minimum may be irplained by at least two hypotheses. The degree
of
ionization (O11-,OIV--M-,,OVI) which Increases with the electron
'temperature,.
can be considered as the :ause, or due to instabilitios during
dinaharge the'
plosma may touch the wall. The electron temperature will.drop,
and an
intensity dip will occur. The ftrst assumption seems more
probable. An
analogour dip was also found in the chamber "Scillall (Phys. Rev.
M, 843),
and is tttt~ibuted to the transition Q5+~_jO6+ due to tin
increase of the
electron temperature. At a discharge current of 120 ka, the
electron-
temperature will reach about 30 ev and keep this value for about
100t,
,
The rate of temperature increase and the maximum temperature
depend on t~ a
discharge current. At 50 ka the electron temperatu'r-t is hot
higher than
14 9v at the moment of maximum current. In order to determine the
maiimum
electron temperature exactly, it would be necessary to
investigate the
intensities of the lines OVI, FVI and, if possible, OVII as a
functAon of
time. The authors thank Academician 1. K. Kikoin and Professor S.
L.
Card 3/4

S/056/61

/04 1/001/004,1021

Spectroscopic invest!.-g&tJ.,jDn of...
Bl-02/B21

2

Mandel'ahtam for advi as und interest, and V. V.
Sokol'skiy

for help aml

discussion. There are 5 figures, 1 table, and
6 reforence

ut 2 Sovlet-bloo

and 4 nor%-Soviet-blo-3.. The two most imp?rtant
references

to English-

language publications read ace follower F. C. J
aboda et al

. Phys. R(tv. 119,

843, 1960; C.'.Brenton, 1. Herman. IV.
Internat
. Conf. on

Ionization

Phenom. in Gases, Uppsala, 1959, P. 17.

January 21, 1961
SUBMITTEDt

A, A
1106ROA
";W

Y
Le and-to the Tablet (1) Linel (2)
transition;
l
h
l
M
OV
O1V
2781
3003
3OSj-3p'P1
6
32S
-31P
St.
48
eve
, av.
e uTper
energy of t

IA
1
3,

..0111
3047
WP8,-3pDPj
37

FV
2707
354 Pl,*,,--3p'Dp
61 ~j

FIV
2826

.56

F-111
2994

53

NV
4945
610-72M
91,

N11V
3485
31St-3-PI,

;C111
4650
33S,-3'P*
32.

Hell
M5.1
3'D--42F
51
Card 4/4

ACPESSION M AP4013413 S/~057/611/034/002/0269/0271
AUMOR, Averin, V.G. ; Mating, M.A.; Pisanko, A. 1.
TITLE: Investigation of fluctuations in intensity o~ spectram
lines in a toroidal
discharge In a weak magn-3tio field
SOURCE: Zhurnal tokhn.fix.,v.34, no.2, 1964, 269-27i
TOPIC TAGS: discharge, toroidal discharge, turbulent discha,rgo,
line intensity,
fluctuations, electron Consity fluctuations, Qluminum(III) ,
:Iuorine(III) , flucl-
rino4V), oxygen(rV), oxygen(V), Beta installation
ABST%%CT: The intensity fluctuations of spectrum lines in 'the
waak magnetic flold
toroidal discharge of tue "lleta" installation were observed
over the frequellc%y
range from 10 to 100 kilocyoles by an experimental technique
described earlier (V.'
G.Averin,NI.A.hiazing,A.I.Piaiinko,ZhETF,41-42,1961). The
gollowing lines wore ob-
served: Al III 3621A; Y III 209~h; r V 2707A; 0 IV 3063A'; ON
2781A. Strong flue-
tuations occurred, but only after thorough cleaning of tho
discharge chamber avera
period of days, The gais pressure could be varied from 0.00% to
0.01 mm Hg. The in-'
tonsity fluctuations wore strongest (up to 50% of the meani
between 0.001 said 0.003
Card 1/3 0

:4- ACCESSIo,-j MR: AP4013413
mm Hg. Above 0.005 mm F:g the fluctuations sharpIX decreased, and
between 0.063 and
0.003 mm Jig they gave way to the characteristic "collapse" in the
tomporal,coursa
of the light intensity described in the roferance cited abcva. The
experimental
technique was such On,. two spectrum lines originating in "a same
portion of the
discharge could be obs,orvod. simultaneously. Correlations wore
sought between the
intensity fluctuations of 4ifferent lines. Between the fluotuations
of lines of
widely different excitation energies (in particular, F V and IF
III, and 0 V and 0
IV) only low frequency (00 kilocycle) correlations wora present.
The intersoity
fluctuations of lines with similar excitation energies (in
particular, 0 V sind F V)
were correlated at all frequencies observed, up to 100 Kc. (Higher
frequency J!1uc-
tuations could not be followed because of noise In the recoiting
equipment.) Cor-
relations were also sought between spectrum line intensity
fluctuations and the
signal received by a 0.5 m antenna located near the discharge
chamber. Low f ro-
quency correlations Witre observed, hut high grequoncy correlations
vore not. It is;
assumed that the Into-asity fluctuations are due to electron demity
fluctuations
and that spectral lines with nearly the name excitation eriorgitas
originate in the
same region of the discharge. It is concluded from the obsiorved
correlations,
thoroforo, that the high frequency electron density
flucluations'~are of
Card 2/3

ACCESSION NR: AP4013413
limitod spatial oxtent, whereas the lower frequency flurtuati,ons
extend throughout
a largor rogion of spaca. "Tho authors expross thoir do.op gmtitudo to
aoudemician
I.K.Kikoin and professor S.L.Mandellshtam for discussing the results
and for thedr:
constant intorost in the work." Orig.ort.hes; 2 figures.
ASSOCIATION: none
ry
SUBMITTED: 30Jan63 DATE AOQ: 26FobG4 ZNCL; 00
SUB CODE; PH NR RV SOV: 002 OTHERt 006
Card

ACCESSICK M AP40403,112
AUTHORt Av* Lobikov,Ye.A.; Nastyukha, A.I.
=_r1!,V_.G_-J
8/00117/64/034/006/1131AX32
TITLE: Messurament W the electron density distribution in the
toroidal dlochikrge
of the "beta" install-ItIon (Letter to the editor)
SOURCRi 7-hurnal t*khnichookoy fialki, v.34, no.0, 1964,
1231-1132
TOPIC TAGSi plasma, electron density, particle distribution,
discharge plasmal
Beta Installation
ABSTRACT: The olectivn density distribution in the toroidal
discharge of the "be$d"
installation was det(irmined from the current and electron
energy distributionab The
l
current and velocity distributions were measured with a special
grobe constatIng of
!an 11 mn diamoter stainless steel cylinder containing a 6 x 9
mm collecting *lee-
; trodo. An 0.02 mm thIck tantalum foil with an 0.05 mm
dia-notor cAning for, entrance
lof electrons was welded to one wall of the cylinder, and the
instrument cotild be
11ocated at various pmitions within the dischirgo with the
opuning either r4p Btre
t
or down. A pressure -~f about 10-4 ma jig was maintained within
the probe by separMi
!pumping. The characteristic curves obtained with this probe
a:re not discussed.,
The
2
1 Card I/

IACCESSIOK NR: AP40403.12
ielo'ctron density decroasod monotonically with distance from tho axis
of the dis-
charge ard fell t3 zero at the wall of the tube at a distance of 10.5
ca from the
axis. The decrease of electron density- with increasing radius iras at
first very
slow, tho density decreasing by only 10% in the first 6.5 cm, 'rho
maximum electron
density was 3 x 1013 cm-3 with a discharge current of 50 kA armi 7 x
1013 cg:,3 with
a discharge current of 90 M. The plasma did not break from the wall
andform a
filament at this current& Orig.art.hast 2 figures.
ASSOCIATXON: none
SUDMITTM)t 02Jul63 DATE AM IgJun64, N?ICLt 00
SUB CWHt NP, ME NR REP SM 003 01IM002
Card .2/2

ACUSSION N71t AP402OD70 8/0057/04/034/004/0767/0766
AU711ORt Avorin, V.G.-; Mazing, M.A.; Pisanko, A.J.
TITLE: SpectroscopIcAnvootigation. of a toroidal discharge
:SOURCSt Zhurnal toUnichoultoy flailti, v.34, no.4, lOG4,7137-768
TOPIC TAGS: plasma, Beta plaoma machino, olectron temperature,
plasma olootron
-temporatura, plasma spectrum, oxygen Ion, fluorine Ion
ABSTRAcr: The time varintio n of the intonsity of the 0 V 2781 9
and 0 VI 10*32
linos in the spectrtim ol the "Bvta" InstalIntion discharge was
measured. This work
was a continuation of earlior woric of the snme typo (V.G.Averin,
1A.A.Mazing and A.
I.Pisanko,ShETF 41,*42,11GI) . The discharge time of the "Dotal'
inachino was 1100 mi-
crosec and the maxinum current wA~ 120 ka. The lines wera isolated
with a. 700 con-
stnnt deflection dl,,*fraction grating monochromator (disporsio'n
16 R/mm) and woro
recorded by mannS 0:,' a sodium ailicylate screen, a
photomultiplter, and ein osaillo-
scope. As was previously observed (loc.cit.supra) , the 4) 1X1, 0
W, 0 V, F III,
V IV, and F V lines decreased in Intensity during t1io poirtioa of
the disaharge In
which the aurront*rNiachcd its panic, Thin in interpreted (as
botore) an a result of
.'Card 1/2

- - - __ - - HW-W~i
tvt~Klw~'Vv-
USSR/Engineering - Metallurgy FD-2992
Card 1/1 Pub. 4,.-5/12
Author Averin, V. V., Polynk-ov, A. Yu., and Samarin, A. M.,
Moscow
Title The activity of oxygen in liquid iron
Periodical Izv. AN. SSSR- Otd. Tekh. Nauk, 3, 90-107, March
1955
Abstract Describes the experimental method used and the
results obta:.ned in
the study of the activity of oxygen in liquid iron and its
offect
on the iron. The gaa-metal equilibrium at different
temperatures
was determ' Ined. The effects of hydrogen gas were studied.
Con-
cludes tha*; the activity of oxygen in liquid iron depends oa
the
temperature as well as the oxidizing potential of the gas;
proper
equilibriun of oxygen is easential for oxidation of metals;
oxygen
escapes fr)m the molten metal during its crystallization and
cool-
ing. Graphs, diagrams) photographs, tables, formulae. Fifteen
re'Verences, 4 USSR.
Institution
Submitted February 1, 1955

urle. t)'.v
And of Ot SAS strram. - 0, '4 d'
dan 01 Ike equD.? liquid Mel M-ARS phase. 15
AIM

lip I
L-Tba ect 0 m ktiv)
11 and Sol
Ih
Arcrin
-7- d. 42
No I I A. IW,,
c-Airs, thr 0 INCOfIlY c'*n. ewil the irlwmAtkn In )itvrw;m*
14-Y
xyft the fttv.4 Vc Um. asid tkb is*expkIned by!i
bo
viq~w tTnO'%nj #A4 tI3 axt4atkm in tho *t*mp of
bu." o: 0. The bl;b " ptr"m~ of Ma "140"
lvcnw Al a 41600AUar A*V_* fond Wei, Ow vapma
ia in kPaTly tit Mn t~vctk at Un comm not clattain
tht,
Into ion with fh in thr, aim. ab-jvt the I*M mattat ~Aw-
At"
"lien na Iw)Im(xl'p:0 $loll, Lf. t.5jwWly dwhol
dMIL'I lottl
bi
In I ;tftl,
-;. I IIL

A A'
USSR/ Laboratory Equipment. Apparatuses, Their
Theory, Construction and Application.
Abs Jour: Referat. Zhur.-Khimiya, No. 8, 1957, 27354.
Author V.V. Averin, A. Yu. Polyakov.
Title of Steam-Hydrogen Mixtures of Preset
Compo;3ition.
Orig Pub: Zavod. laboratoriya, 1956, 22, No. 10,
1256 - 1257.
Abstract: A new construction of the saturation
instrument was
proposed. This instrument serves for the prepar-
ation of mixtures of steam and hydrogen of a pre-
sent 2omposition for the thermodynamic Btudy of
the Inter-action between oxygen and impurities dis-
solved in liquid and solid metals. The instrument
is used together with flow meters and permits the
increase of the accuracy of the measurement of the
Card 1A

AM11111t V.V., P01,;MO~, A. Y11., 01AMMIN, A.M.
"Solubility and Alativity of Oxygon In Liquid Alloys of
Fc-ft-Co,"
lecture given at the Fourth Conference on Steelmaking,
A.A.. Baikov Institute of
~htallurgy, Moscow, sJuly 1 - 6, 1(57

137- 1958-3-4t645
Activity of Oxygen ia Liquid Iron
ditions of equilibrium (the temperature and the composition
of
the ganeout; phase) were altered and new samples of M were
again taker.. From a charge of 70-80 g three to four samples
weighing 10- 15 g each would be taken, Owing to vigorous
separa.tion of the hydrogen, the crystallization of the
little inj3ots
was accompanied by effervescence. In order to reduce the
partial
pressure of H. , Ar was added to the gaseous rnixture. When
the
0 2 coatent exceeded 0. 1 percent, the surface of the ingot
in
contact with the crucible became covered with a shiny oxide
film.
Durinji the solidification of M a portion of the oxygen
left with
the escaping hydrogen while another portion was deposited
on, the
Walls Df the crucible together with the waste materials. Nf
hen
smelting was conducted with Ar, the consumption of H2 and Ar
constitutee. 255 ml/min and 700 ml/min, respectively.
Results
of experiments in which Fe was saturated with oxyFen at
';errL-
peratL.res of 15510, 15740, 15970, 16210, rind 1'6450
clonely
coincide with known data on the solubility of oxygen in Fe
under
a layer of liquid, ferruginous slag. Equilibrium constant
of the
reaction between liquid Fe and the steam-hydrogen mixture is
Card Z/3 established as a function of temperature:

tZ
:4-8-16/34
AUTHORS: Averin., Vj-, Polyakov, A. Yu. and Samarin, A.M.(Moscow).
TITLE: Solubility ahd-adtivity of oxygen in liquid iron, nLckel,
cobalt Euid their allcys. (Rastvorimost I i aktivnost I
kisloroda v zhidkikh zheleze, nikele, koballte i ika
splavakh).
PERIODICAL- IlIz,restIja Akademii Nauk.Otdeleniye Tekhnicheskikh
Nauk"
(Bulle-tin-7 the Ac.Sc., Technical Sciences Uectro_nT9___
1957, No.,8, -pp. 120-122 (U.S.S.R.)
ABSTRACT: Wriedl*,, H.A. and Chipman, J. (1,3) and one of the
authors
of this paper (2) studied the solubility of oxygen In liquid
melts of iron and nickel in the entire range of concentrations
of the two components but they did not study the problems
relating to the activity of the oxygen in liquid iron.-nickel
solutiomi. In this paper the solubility and the activity of
oxygen a:~e studied in the system Fe-Ni-Co by means of
investigating the equilibrium between the metallic melt and
the gasei)us phase for a given value of oxygen activity. In
liquid :?e-Co and Fe-Ni melts the oxygen saturation will
have a m.Lnimum value for high contents of nickel and eobalt.
In nickeL and cobalt alloys there is no minimum oxygen
Card 1/2 solubili,ty$ however, even in these alloys no
proportionality
is obser7ed between the saturated oxygen concentrations and

All."RINI V.V., cand Ilech
oy:~,ceii i.-. livuid iren,
1., IT (A-'-d I;ci usZl.
Dibliol r,-~71q ~ t
-j I -, j
of
nickei, colu- it, niJ tlivir niloys.." 1,197n
tll:~t of I:ct:l]All-GY I:. Co-
oi;cl of toy t (10 Ii t1(..,:) (I-,,

V
IV
AUTHOR- None Given SOV/128-5e-11-24/24
TITLE: Dissertations Presented for Obtaining Scientific Degrees
(Dissertatsii predstavlennyye na soiskaniye uchen.,rkh ste-
poney)
PFRIODICAL: Liteynoye proizvodstvo, 1958, Nr 11, inside back cover (USSR)
ABISTRACTi Tho following dissertations were submitted. For the degree
of Doctor of Technical Sciencest V.M. Zamoruyev 0-11stitut
metallurgii im. A.A. Baykova, AN SSSR - Institute of Metallur-
gy imeni A.A. Baykov, AS USSR) - Tungsten in Steel, (7ollfram
v stal0l A.M. Korol'kov (Institute of Metallurgy imni
A.A. Baykov AS USSR) - The Dependence of Casting Pro~perties
of Non-Ferrous Metal Alloys on Their Composition and the
Form of Structural Diagram (Zavisimost' liteynykh svoystv
splayov tavetnykh metallov ot ikh sostava i vida diagramm
soatoyaniya). For the degree of Candidate of Technical
Sciencest V.V. Averin (Institute of Metallu.-gy imeni A.A.
Baykov, A~ USSR~ - Solubility And Activity of Oxygen in
Liquid Iron, Nickel, Cobalt and Their Alloys (Rastvorimost,
i Rktivnost' 1,isloroda v zhidkikh zheleze, nikele, kobal'te
i ikh aplavakh ); B.V., Bauman (Mosko,,rskiy institut stali
Card 114 im. 1.V. Stalina Moscow Institute of Steel imeni I,V.

SOV/1 28- 58--:L -
"-24124
Dissertations Preatinted for Obtaining Scientific Degrees
Stalin) - The Effect of Nitrogen on the Structure and He-
chanica:, Properties of Cast Iron (Vliyaniye acota na t!truk-
turu i riekhanicheskiye svoystva chuguna); G.M. Glinkov
(Moncow Institute of Steel imeni I.V. Stalin) - lient A,b-
sor!)tion by the Bath of Open lleartb Furnaces as a Basin of
Control:.ing the Thermal Process (Teplopogloshcheniye vanny
mar-tenovskoy pechi kak osnova regulirovaniya teplovoy ra-
boty)j N.I. Gran' (Moskovakiy institut tevetnykh metallov i
zolota Lm. M.1. Kalinina - Moscow Institute of Non-Ferrous
Metals and Gold imeni M.I. Kalinin) - Some Problems of Flux-
leen Ox!.3izing Blowing-Through of Cobalt Alloys (Nekotc,ryye
vopzos besflyusovoy okislitellnoy produvki koballtovof;o
splava~.- Du Tyn (Moscow Institute of Steel. imeni I.V. Stalin)
The Effect of Manganese on the Deoxidizing Capacity of Sili-
con in Uquid Iron (Vliyaniye margantsa ne. raskialitellnuyu
sponobnoat' kremniya v zhidkom zheleze)l Ye.l. Malinovskiy
(Ural'slAy politekhnicheskiy institut im. S.M. Kirova -
Ura:. Polytechnics! Institute imeni S.M. Kirov) - Deteraina-
tion of 3ources of Steel Contamination by Oxide Impurities
Card 2/4 Dur'.ng the Discharge and Casting of Steel (Ustanovleniye
LUL

~10V/12P-58-11-24/24
Dissertations Preeented for Obtaining Scientific Degrees
istochnikov zagryazneniya stali oksidnymi vklyucheniyami
po khodu vypuska i razlivki stali)l R.P. Todorov (Kiyelrskiy
politekhnicheskiy institut - Kiyev Polytechnical Instlilute)
Shrinkage Phenomena in Graphite Formation Processes in
Magnesium Treated Cast Iron (Usadochnyye yavleniya v protses-
se grafitoobrazovaniya v chuguneobrabotannom magniyem,,.,
M.G. Trarimov (Dnepropetrovskiy metallurgicheakiy institut
Imeni I.V. Stalina - Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Institute
imeni 1.7. Stalin) - Investigation of Basic Ifigh-Refractory
MaterinUt Resistant in Rammed Lininr of Induction Electric
Steal Motiting Furnaces kIzysk=i3,e oenovnykh vysokoogneupor-
nyki materialov, stoykikh v nabivnoy futerovke induktsionnykh
ele'Xtro!v-,aleplavil1nykh pechey); K.T. Chernousova (Moscow
Instituto of Non-Ferrous Metals and Gold imeni M.I. Kalinin)
Invi~stigation of Crack Formation in Crystallization ol Alu-
minum A-loys (issiedovaniye treshchinoobrazovaniya pri
kristal-
lizntsij. alyuminiyevykh splavov)j G.A. Chilingarov Oloscow
Card 3/4 In&-.itute, of Steel imeni I.V. Stalin) - On the
Effect of

SOV1128-c~,O - 1. 1 -241?4
Dissertations Presento?d for Obtaining Scientific Degrees
the PhYsical Structure of Sinter on Its Metallurgii.-al
Properties (0 vliyanii fizicheskoy struktury aglomlerata na
yego motallurgicheakiye avoystva).
1. Scientific reports
Card 4/4

SHARF. G.. InEh.~ AVERIN, V.V., kand.tokhn.nnuk;
POLYAKOV, A-Yu,. Prof.,.
doktor tekhu.nauk; SAMARIN, A.M., prof.
Effect of silicon on the solubility and activity of
ojygen in liquid
nickel. Izv.vys.ucheb.zav.; chorn.mat. no-11:29-36 X
158,
(MIRA 12:1)
1.~Inatitut metallurgil imeni Buykova. 2.
Chlon-korrespondent AN SUR
(for Samarin).
(Nickel allop-Metallurgy)
(Silicon)

IC,9
AUTHORS: Avo~~~Samarin, A. M.0 2o-12o-6-1'9'4
"_ ~drrespondine Maribor, -.cademy of Sciences, USSIl
TITLE: The Effect of Silicon on the Solubility of OxyCen in
Iron
and Chromium Melts (Vliyaniyo kremniya na rastyorimocit
kisloroda
v r-isplavakh thelaza i khroma)
PERIODICAL: Dok:Lady Akademii nauk SSSRf 1958, Vol 12o, lir 6,
pp 1253 - 1254 (USSR)
ABSTRACT: In ",hese experiments the silicon content did not
exceid 1,51,5',
the temperature was 16ooO. The method of investi-ation ivas
desoribod earlier (Refa 1,2). The results are shown on table
1. !,'he following conclusions can be drawn from it: 1) The
oxyl;en
solubility in iron and chromium melts determined
expi)rinentally
agroes well with the data published earlier (Refs 3,4). 2) An
add!.tiort of 10a nickel does not noticeably influence 'the
solubil-
ity. Thus, the maximum solubility of oxygen in stainlitss
steela
can be estimated on the basis of the study of the solubility
in binary iron and chromium melts. This Wition of nickel leads
to ft slight changs of concentration of oxyGen at a chanee of
the proportion between iron and chromium. 3) The pren-tnee of
Card 1/2 chromium reduces considerably the deoxydizing power
of oili,.-on

I
The,Effoct of Silicon on the Solubility of Oxyaan in
2o-12o-6-;!4/59
Iron and Chromium Melto
in the mentioned melts. 5~ In the cane of a conetant ch :ronium
content (nore thnn 1o% Cr the decxydi%inc power of silicon
decre.,%uas vrith its incrcase of concontration,, 6) In tLe
ratir."a
of the ailicon concentrationB iriventiL;%ted (0,2 the,
equilibrium oxide-pharo which fort-vi due to the interattion of tho
i;aa mixturo with tho liquid metal mainly cons).nted of' ailica.
There aro 1 f.,*.*u.-c :.?,.d +' reforences, 3 of which are
!ov:iet.
SUBIMITTED: 11ar.:h 26, 1950
1. Cxygen-Solubility 21. Si.'.,'.con~ ... 3'.
-jrcn ailoys-reoxidF-tion 4.
Card 2/2

AT". T.T.1 3AMARD. A.M.
La
6, ta I
't'ar.Wwt
rViowulm.
MO!ICOW )o Jog WA
tima,mam,ma, Ww~, MEOW &Eli

WA Lftnwm s
u0 VP ftraox
W"tl" rw
Idwoulp.
MOSCOW )0j",
jum-

AV.,-.R1Nj-V.V.; SAMMIN, A.M.
Regarding complex oxidation of steels and Its
alloys.
report submittod for the 5th Physical Chemical
Conference on
Steel Production.
vosco~v -,0 JON 1959
.0
11-~,-L~,ar

AUTHORS: Averin, V.V_. SOV/180-59-1-4 /?9 ow)
Polyakor, A.Yu. and Samarin, A.M. (Most
TITLE: So.,xbility- and Activity of Oxygen in Metallic Melts.
(Rastvorimost' i aktivnost' kislo"da v metallicheaki.kh
rasplavakb)
PERIODICAL: Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Otdeleniye
tekhnicheakikh
nauk, Metallurglya i toplivc, 195~), Nr 1~ PP 13-21 WSSR)
ABSTRACT: The authors cz;nside:z- 41-1nat the published attempts
(Refs I arid 2*) to generalize the available experimental
matsrial cin the activity o:~ oxygen in iron and its alloys
fail to el-acidate Changes in. ;-.lxygen-activity and
soliabIlity. Ttay give their own critical survey of' the
literature, as well as scme unpublished data U.A.Sarankin),
from whi,h they drav, the following main conclusions.
The solubility and activity of oxygen in metallic systems
do not chiinge additively over the whole concentration
range of the .-,.impcn-)nt3 but deperd on the composition of
the oxide phase in equilibrium with the alloy of given
c3mpositien. The -omposition of this phase depends aukinly
on the rat-to of d11csc,-iatJ.on pressures of the compments
Card 1/3 a1ii a lessar exti~nt de-ilations from ideal-solutions
laws. F~.-,)m expe-,~*L]Lqntal data on the activity of oxygen

SOV, 180-59-1-4/P9
Solubility and Activity of Oxygen in Metallic Melts
in alloys the probable oxygen partial pressure for it
saturat,ad solution of oxygen in the pure component for
the same temperature can be found approximately. This
possibility is limited to solutions with similar cola-
ponont properties and for whitth the oxygen solubility &nd
activity are proportional to concentration in the part of
the solubility curve to the right of the minimum, e-1;
Ni-Fe and Co-Fe from the minimum on the curve to pure
iron and Fe-Cr from 12 to 100% Cr. The results examined
point to a change in the activity of oxygen from tho
partial pressure corresponding to the saturated solution
in one component to that for the other component at the
same ter2perature. The main factor influencing thia
solt~bll'jty of oxygen in allnys Is the ratio betwei?n the
dissociation pressures of the oxides of the components
but the solubility of oxygen in the pure components and
the iat6r&ction of components in the metallic and oXide
phases also have significant effects. Wen a con.,;iderable
difference exists between the dissociation pressures of
Card 2/3 the component oxides as, for example, in solution:; -of
deoxidizers in iron, the addition of the deoxidizor
pw

SOV/ 190-59-1-4/29
Solubility and Activity of Oxygen In Metallic Melts
quic:ily reduoes oxygen solubility because of the reduction
in the oxygen partial pressure over the oxide phase
form-ad. If the deoxidizer when its concentration L.11
Incroased .-an form compounds with iron stable above their
melting points, the further course of the oxygen-
solubility curve will depend on the solubility of o2:1rg6Ai
in the compound and the Individual properties of the
deoxidiz,9r. will appear in the composition range from the
chem:.cal compound to the pure deoxidizer. The chango in
the activity of oxygen in these composition ranges must
similarly depend on the nature of the interaction between
the component atoms.
Card 3/3 There axi) 3 figures., 3 tables and 13 references,
9 of
which aro Soviet, 3 English and I German.
SUBMITTED; June 23, 1956

S/13'1/62/000/004/006/'201
A006/A101
AUTHORS; Averin, V..V'.,- Samarin, A. M.
TITLE: On the ,Iomplex deoxidation of steel mid alloys
PERIODICAL: Reforattvny), 7liumal, Metallurgiya, no. 11, 1962,
15, abutract );A'lf6
(V sb. "Fiz.-khim. osnovy proiz-va stali", Moscow, AN.SSSR,
IS61.,
18 - 26)
TEXT: Tho authors analyze thermodynamical conditions of 0
d1asolvINI in
alloys in the presence ol.' some deoxidizing elements, having a
greater chem!.cal
affinity to 0 than the base metal. On the basis of experimental
and literature
data, a graph is plotted and analyzed; it shows the
relatiomship between tho
strength of the oxide of the given deoxidizing element,
evaluated from the dfL:r-
ference in the partial pressure of the given oxide and liquid
FeO, and concentra-
tion ratio NFe/NMe In tho al.Loy corresponding to the
appearance of a pure deoxi-
dizing oxide in an equillbrium with the alloy. The solubility
of 0 in the Fe-
Cr-Si system is analyzed, In low-chromium alloys Si promotes a
fuller elimina-
tion of 0 as compared with Fe-Si alloys. At a content of Si >
1% the intro~duc-
Card 1/2

36h?l
S/137/62/000/003/005/191
A006/A 10 1
/JP //'Tj
AUVORS: GlInenyy, Ya., ~jnln V V., Samarin, A. M.
TITLE- The effect. of aluminum and titanium on o)Wgen solubility
in an iron-
chrome alloy (la'o' Cr)
PERIODICAL: Referativryy zhurnal, r4etallurglya, no. 3, 1962, 10,
abstract .A64)
(V sb, "FJz-khlm. osnovy proiz-va stali", Moscow, AN SSSR, 1961,
27-32)
TEXT: Tests were run with electrolytic Fe, Cr, Al and sponge Ti.
Heats
with Al were carried out in chemically pure corundum crucibles,
md with Ti in
zircon-crucibles. Samples vere drawn-off into quartz tubes. The 0
content iyaz
determined by the methol of vacuum melting, the Al content by the
calorimetric
or velghr imethod, and tie T. content by theoalorimetric method.
The effect of
Al and Ti on the 0 soluoility in a Fe-Cr alloy (la'b Cr) at
1,60043C was studied
by establishing the equilibrium in the following system:
metal-oxide phase -
H0-H20 gas mixture with a given oxidizing potential. The authors
evaluated thil
deoxidizing capacity of the deoxidizing elements in the alloy
investigated, which
corresponds to the diffarence In the partial energy values of 0
dissolving In
Card 1/2

The qffect of aluminum ...
S/137/62/000/003/005/P.)l
AOc6/.Aiot
the Jnitial alloy and the de-oxidizing element. Al and Ti are
efi'ective deo,-.id:L-
zers .'lr the alloy inve.-itigated, Si and Mn reduce the
solubility of 0 to a
considerably lower degree. Mn, in spite of its low deoxidizing
capacity, reduces
the content of 0 dissolved in the alloy investigated; this should
be.taken into
account when replacing Ili by Mn in the given steel grades. 7he
loint effect ol'
a.
nd Ti' at low concentration of the latter, causes additional
decrease of thel
0 content as compared with &a alloy that was deoxidized with Ti
only.
T, Kolesnikova
[Abstracter's note: Complete translation]
Card 2/2

S/137/62/000/004/005/201
A006/A101
AUTHORS: Cherkasov, P. A., Averin, V. V., Samarin, A. M.
TITLE: nie effec; of manganese on solubility of oxygen In nickel
and ferro-
nickel me:.ta
PERIODICAL: Reforativiiyy zhurnal, Metallurgiya, no. 4, 1962,
10, abstract
4A50 (V 51). "Fiz.-khim. oanovy proiz-va rtali", Moscow, AN SSSR
ig6i, 33 - 110)
T-aT: The method of establishing an equilibrium between liquid
metaL and
the gaseous phase with a known oxidizing potential, was used to
investigate the
effect of Mn on solubility of 0 in Ni and Fe-Ni alloys
"79-Perma.lloy" and "45-
Permalloy* at 1,6000C. The oxidizing capacities of Si and Mn in
Ni and 79-Pem-
alloy were compared. 7be similar values of 0 solubility in Ni
and 79-Pem,illoy
under the effect of hi and Si are explained by the effect of the
strong bond of
Si in Ni. It is coneltided that it is expedient to use Mn for
deoxidation of
magnetic Fe-Ni-&lloys; Mn has in the given alloys a strong
deoxidizing capacity.
Si, affecting a reduction or 0 in the given alloys entails,
almost as Nn, Im-
Card 1/2

The effect of manganes-i on...
S/137/62/ooq/oo4/1oo5/2oi
A006/A101
paired magnetic properties of the alloys. The authors revealed
a-,docreas(I of 0
solubility in Ni and NI-base alloys under the effect of Mn,
which is in a satio-
factory agreement with the different values of partial energy
of 0 dissolving in
MIn and in the Investigated melt. A reduction of 0
concentration for N1 aild N1-
alloys passes through a minimum at a definite Mn
concentration. The position of
the minimum of 0 solubility is explained on the basis of the
values of 0 bond
with the alloy components. For Ni and Fe-Ni-alloYa 79- and
45-Permalloy, In-
creased 0 solubility was noted at Mn concentration raised over
0.6 - 0.8i 0.9
1.1%, respectively. A distinct relationship was revealed
between the rel.-itive
decrease of 0 concentration and the difference in the values
of partial energy or
0 dissolving in Mn and the malts investigated. The value of
the relative poten-
tial of the gaseous phase, corresponding to the appearance of
the oxide phase,
which is In an equilibrium with liquid Fe, Ni and their alloys
tit 1,6000C, de-
creases with a*higher Mn concentration in the alloy. The value
of the o;ridlzing
potential of the gaseous phase is different for the metals and
alloys invoStigat-
ed; it increases with a losser affinity of the metal (alloy)
to 0. In the range
of 0 solubility reduced under the qffect of Mn the
non-metallic inalusiordt,
formed during crystallization of the metal,become more
dispersed. At a trIgher 0
solubility they become coarser. Authoral summary
Abstr cter's note; Comploto tranalation)
~
ard ~?2

S/180/61/000/005/001/ol8
E111/9535
AUTHORSt _&verin, VY,,.and Samarin. A.M. (Moscow)
TITLEt On thet thisrmodynamics
alloys
PERIODICALI Akademiya nauk SSSR.
tekhnicheskikh nauk.
no-5, 1961. 3-10
of oxygen in liquid metals and
Izvestiya. Otdeleniye
Metallurgiya i topliva,
TEXT: The authors point out that oxygen, which is preatent
in the vast majority o:r metallurgical processes, has a
deleterious effect on metal properties. The authors have made
previous contributions to the thermodynamics of oxygen in melts
(Ref-3: Sb.Fjziko-khim:Lches;kiye oanovy proizvodstva otali,
Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1960; Ref.5t Ibid. 1961), and in the present work
they analyse conditions leading to delay in the decroase of
oxygen concentration in melts and the appearance of an oxygen-
solubility minimum at a definite deoxidizer-concentration.
Analysis of deoxidation under gas of known composition showed
that the decrease in O:Kygen content of the melt under the action
of the deoxidizer is due to two simultaneous opposed processfis:
a) decrease in the oxidizing potential over the melt,
Card 1/9

On the thermodynamics of oxygen ... S/180/61/000/005/001/Olfi
Elll/E535
pl~ compared with the value corresponding to the liquid mettil
0
safurated with oxygen, which leads to a decrease in oxygen
concentration in the melt; b) increase in bond strength of the
oxygen in the melt,, leading to an increase in oxygen
concentrettion
in the melt comparod w1th the liquid metal (at constant P 0 and
T values). In liquid Me-R-O melts the Raoult activity
coefficient for oxygen at infinite dilution,
0 R
Yo a Yo . fo.fo
where Y 0 is the RaouLt activity coefficient for oxygen at
infiniteodilution in the Me-O sy 15 temIf 0the Henry activity
1R.
coefficient for oxygen at concentrations tending to zero and f 0
the change in the "ct'v'tyRcoefficient of oxygen effected by
the deoxidizer element * f0 represents the ratio of oxygen
concentrations in the original metal and in the melt with a
definite concentration of the deoxidizer element (P0 being
constant). The interaction parameter c 0 is given by2
Card 2/9

On the thermodynamics of oxygen ... S/180/61/000/005/001/018
EIII/E535
d In P1/2
02- - d In N0 CR
dN R dNR 0
where N 0 and N R aro the mol fractions of oxygen and
deoxidizer, respectively. The authors consider next the reaction
of melts with a steam-hydrogen mixture. which is informative both
on the solubility and the activity of oxygen. ln the general
form the reaction ist
Y.H 2(g) + Rxcly(8~6) , y,H 20(g) + x.R (Me-R) (12)
The equilibrium coctfficient:
K PH20 )y x 'p H 0
a = ~-p' -Nx (12a)
PH2 R H2 R R
where YR is the Pauolt activity coefficient for the deoxidizer
Card 3/9

On the thermodynami.ca of oxygen ... s/18o/6i/000/005/00.1/01,3
Elll/E535
In the system Me-R-0. Taking logarithms and diffPrentiating
d In PH 201PH2 x d In NR_ X
dN -Y y
R R ' - ~ RR
is obtained. which holds since K =;I-- NN R) and y,,^, conat
(for
low deoxidizer coni:entrations). Taking logarit 9 and differ-
entiating 1C'or the vquilibrium constant of the gaseous
hydrogen 4
oxygen = water reai:tion and combining with (14) givest
I- d In N R
y NR dNR 0
Taking x/y values from.experimental data
oxidizing potentiaL of the gas phase in
concentration (or approximately from the
the oxide of the deoxidizer) and knowing
Card 4/9
on the change in the
relation to deoxidizeir
value in the foRmula of
the value of Co. the

On the thermodynamics of oxygen ...
s/18o/61/000/005/001/0.18
E111/13535
value of N it at the minimum oxygen concentration enn be found.

It It

d ln f it

The reverse calculation

to find
.
and e
r

0- can

alno be

0
0

d Fit]

carried
out. The table
shows calculated and

experimental

values.

Dooxidizer conc
entration for F-0.1

Me-11

min

melt
Calculated

It',xp or ime;il~-nl

0

0

NR): 109
R.
R. %

Fe-Cr
85 (10 12
:
8.00
12.0191

8.80

0. M 1 121
0. (m I f 01

W
O()
4.50
6.01111

13,0

9.0 jt2I

57M

0
270 121

Fe-V
It. Bn 121
1.10
1.5-2.0

2.30

.
0.(u 121

Fe-SI
200.00 121
MOO

MOO

0 JQ)

33-00
U
1.60
-

40
14

0 1 io
4,51141
*

34.00 14
J
1.70
511-7.0 111

.
BrO.00

1-do 1151
I
1-
a,-
Fe-Al
0.75 151
0.04
0.1-0.2 15

6
55

1X10
0
N,
Ni-Fe
153-00
15.00
2.11. 0 11 C, 1

.
00
51

0.:V,0
M
NI-Cr
ISM]
1.30
t.5-2.0

.
W100

O.-M
V
NIN
8.40
0.73
0.6-0.7 101

97.00

0. Vio
S~
Ni-Mn
10.30
0.00
0.5-0.8
(5]

15 no

0. 1:17 g4)
to
Ni-SI
33.00 141
I.Co
5.0 141

17.50

0. GON
U
( -
CO-Cr.
1.3.00
3.80
3.0-4.0

On the thermodynamics of oxygen ... S /180/61/000/005/001
/0 18-
L:111/1'~'535
(The references given in the above table are as follows:
Ref.2; Chipmnn, J. Atomic interaction in molten alloy
steelis.
~.Iron and Steel Inst., 1955, June, 9-(; Ref.h: Sliarf G..
Averin, V.V., I'Dlyakov, A.Yu., Samarin, A.M. Izv.%,uzov,
Chernayn
metallurgiyal 1958, No.11, 29; Ref.5. Quoted e,-.irlier;
Vef.6:
Averin, V.V., Chorkasov, P.A.. Saninrin. A.M. Nnuchn.
dohl. po
teorii zharoprochnosti. Izd-vo VVA, 1961, p.230;
Jtef.q:1,jnche'.'zkiy,
B.V., Samarin, A.M., Izv. AN sssit, OTN, 1953, No.r);
Ref.10:
Turkdbgan C.11., J.1ron and Steel lnst.. 1954, v-178,
p.278;
Ref.11: Hilty D.C.. Forgang W.D.. Folkman R.L. Oxygen
solubility
and oxide phasca in the Fe-Cr-O system. J.Metals, 1955,
No.:2;
Ref.12; Averivi, IF.V., Samariii N.M. DAN SSSII, 1960,
v.120, No.6,
1253; Ref 13: Ratoba J. J.Iron and Steel Inst. Japan.
1959. lo,
No.-,, 229:, Ref.14: IIsU Tseng-Chi. Polyakov, A.Yu,o
Snmarins A.P"
Izv.AN SSSR, OIN. Metallurgiya i toplivo, 1961, No.2, 115;
Ref.152 Kuzneteov B.M., Samarin A.M. Sb.Fiziko-khimicheskiy
oxnovy proizvodstva stali. Izd-vo AN ,;SSIZ, 1961.)
Next the authors consider the reaction of the
water-hydroge-M
mixture with the deoxidizer, so as to elucidate bow the
oxidi-Mng
potential of tVe gas phase changes with changes in
deoxidizinl;
Card 6/9

On the thermodyne,mics of oxygen
S/180/61/000/005/001/018
Zl1I/E535
activity. Taking the equilibrium constant for Eq.(12) in thei
logarithmic form and differentiating, and taking into
consideration
that K 4 f(a R ), we obtain%
d Ig PH 0/PH
d Ig R y
Finally, the following equation is obtaineds
PH20
d Ig pH2 d Ig YR
x d Ig N 1 a 0
-W '4R
R + li '
This shows that in Ig PH20 - Ig N coordinates, the tangent of
~;H2 R
Card 7/9

On the thermodynamics of oxygen S/160/61/000/005/001/018
EIII/E535
the curve is deturmined not only by the ratio of the
stoichi,cimetric
coefficients x and y but also on the nature of the change of
the activity of I;he deoxidizer as a function of the
cosicentrzition,
Two particular coses are possible for which the results obtai.ned
according to Eqs.(21) and (24) are identical: 1) for small
deoxidizer concentrations YR is practically constant and,
consequently, tho term d lg YR /d Ig NR of Eq.(24) becomes zoro
so that the acti,tity becomes proportional to the concentration
I M
N 0 . S. (25)
&R YR * R 100 Y R E !t]
where M and are respectively the atomic weights of the metal
and the deoxidizIr and
'H?~O PH20 PH20
d Ig _ _ d I d 1g --
PH2-- -.--H2 -~H 2
d Ag a It d Ig N d I g [111, (26)
R
V/
Card 8/9

On the thermodyna.mics of oxygen s/i8o/ft/ooo/oo5/ool/oA
Elll/E535
In this case all equations expressing the concentration of the
deoxidizer lead I;o equal results. 2) In the range of high
deoxidizer concentrations N R - AR and, accordingly, the
der:ivative
d 19 YR/d lg NR it 0. Except for the first two terms, Eq.(26)
holds for only a limited range of concentration% even in ideal
solutions. due to the fact that the atomic weights differ.
There are 4 figures, 1 table and 16 references% 11 Soviet and
5 non-Soviet. rhe four latest English-language references read
as follo~ Refs.2, 11, 13 (quoted in text) and Ref.161 Wriedt,
H.A.
Chipman. J. Oxygen in liquid iron-nickel alloys. Trans, AIME,
1956, v.206, 1195.
SUBMITTEDi March 10. 1961
Card 9/9

AVERIN, V.V.
Conference on problems of metal reduction. Izv.ILN SSSR.
Otd.-
tekh.nauk. MetJ topl. no-4tl9l-192 JI-Ag, 162., (MIRA
15:8)
(Metallurgy-Congrosses)

5150916 ~./ooo/011/(Q;L~olq
E071/031
AUMHORS. Averi !i. ~V-V-_# Chorkasov, P.A. and Srimnrin, A.M.,
TITLE: Dooxidation of nickel alloys
SOUPCE. Alccdeaniya nauk USSR- Institut nieta%lurgii. 'J~xtidy.
no. 11. Moscow, 1962. MotnllurSiy;x, motalloveloniyo,
1110tody inalodavAlAyn. 1)
Tl=: Tho influencro of dooxidizing elet:icnts (cobalt, iron,
chromixim, mangitrios a, vanadium-, silicon, carbon, titalliu-.11 and
z%jjjjj,4jnjjtjj) on t1i(I solubility and activity of oxyg,?n in Jiqjj:Ld
nicj~.o).
vian investigated. Equilibrium was established botween the liquid
motril, the oxide phaso and an argon-hydrogen-steant mixture of known
composition. The experimental melts (100 - 130 z) were effected
in a high quency furnace, using zirconia or e.luniina cru,,.ibles;
tho ton.3perature, was meadured to +' 10 0C;- sampling was by 'A tjilica-
tubo vrithout e.isturbing the comj~`oaition of the gnsootis phase,, Tho
activities of-thodeoxidizing olcinauts in nickol, molts were calcu..
-1-at-ad. nts in nicke-1
decreases Mor(i th43n in iron;.- t1lis is- eon.f irmed by -data on hoats
of formation (d~ compounds of the type Ni R and Po R
Card lit X y x y

s/5o9/62/000/0 1-1/001~/019------
-----Dooxidrkti on of -nicker- a IXoys E071/E353.
dec-xidizing element). The influenoo,of dooxidalltfiL
-6--datii--tibth-d
02V n liquid motal --- wasstudiod----th ind
for nickel beirZ compared with those for iron. Tho grerktar
deoxidizing pover of the deoxidnnts in liquid nichol (compa;rcel with
iron) is in accordance with their greater effect on the activity
of the o%ygon in the molt. A relationship was sboi)m to extst
betwoon the docroa:~e in the activity of the oxygon and i 4- s in inimupi
solubility in the molt. A decrease in the activity of t t oxygon
in a molt, duo to atronger bonds between the oxygen and the
dooxidizing agont, leads to an increase in '%,he concentration of
oxygen in the Mo-R molt compared with th,~ puro motal in oqu.Llibrium
With -in ,%tmospV.ero of the saino oxygon potontial. However, tlhc
volue or the oxidi:&ing potential decreases to a grtaor extent,
causing a sharp dearease in the oxygen content at; low concentrations
of a deoxidizir,S element. Above a certain' dooxi6ant cone entration
a position is reached whore the offoct of the poirorful oxygw.,i
bonding ia 50 Strong that increasing amounts of clooxidant ciluse an
increase In thc ox,
ygon content of tho melt, in spite of tho
decrease in oxygen potential of the gas phase. There are 8 cligures.
Card 2,41

AVERIN, V.V.; IIIIERKASOV, P.A.; SAMARIN, A.M.
Deoxidittion of nickel melts. Isal. po zharopr. splav.
9:204--218
162, (KMI 115tO
(Nickel-Metallurgy)
- 7. 'Roma IR~Ivi'
~': -!, _.. I I ~ I taELL~_L~

CHERKASOV, P.A.; AVINIUN, V.V.; SAMARIN, A.M.
Deoxidation by manganese of magnetically soft alloys on
an iron
and nickel )moo. Trudy Inst. ruet. no.1li54-64 162.
(KRA 16 15)
(Iron-niokel alloys-Matallurgy) (Manganese)