THE SECRECY GAME

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 29, 2000
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: September 13, 1972
• Content Type: NSPR

Approved. For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R0
YPSILANTI , MICH. STATINTL
? FREss
SEP 13 1972,
E ? 16,317
e secrecy game
Secrecy in government, either to
protect, bureaucratic bumbli.ig or for
legitimdte protection of vital- national
defense and foreign policy documents,
? is an issue that will not go away. The
balance between an informed public
and government censorship is not easy
to strike.
:One of the latest proposals comes
from Rep. William S. Moorhead, Pen-
nsylvania Democrat, who introduced
legislation intended to give "top se-
cret" documents only three years to
live outside of public scrutiny. He
claims that President Nixon's directive
? revamping the security system is
"unworkable, unmanageable and filled
'Will technical defeats and massive
loopholes." The bill would create a
nine-member independent regulatory
body and give it extensive power over
the security classifying system of the
executive branch. Top-secret stamps
I.
would go only to top officials in the
White House, State Department, Pen-
tagon, Central Inteljj,gence A4,gency and
AtomicTiTeity Commission.
The only exemption would be pro-
vided for highly sensitive national de-
fense' data, such as codes and in-
telligence sources. They could be hid-
den only when invoked by a president
or top official, and even this would
need approval of the new commission.
As with all good endeavors in this
field, there is no reason to believe that
it will be much more successful than
previous attempts. The first obstacle
is the imperfectability of human judg-
ment. What should be secret to one
may not even be classified a s
restricted by another. The temptation
to hide one's errors of ()Mission or
commission is well-nigh irresistible.
Once set in motion, a classification
system seems to,develop a life or its
own,- -Any attempt to reclassify the 85
Million or more documents in the
Pentagon, for instance, would require
a substantial army of intelligen. men
of mature judgment, working in shifts
around the clock for many, many years.
The best hope of these reform efforts
is that it will make officials hesitate
to classify indiscriminately. The final
holie is that good common sense will
be applied to the Issue of security
classification, rather than the whims
of vain, egotistical men of little minds:
. _
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601Ik000200150001-6
Approved For-Release 2ooNompitrpso-o
7 AUG 1972
STATINTL
By Jack Zuderson
An estimated 1,500 intelli-
gence agents have quietly in-
filtrated the State Department
where they carry on their
spying actiVities in diplomatic
Operatives from the Central
Intelligence Agency, Defense partment.
intelligence Agency and Na-
tional Security 'Agency haveBatik Bcneiit
taken over many icy posts. The nation's tax laws have
This has causcgl considera- sprung so many leaks that
ble grfalibling and grievances half the money due the goy-
among old?line foreign service eminent now escapes into the
(Slicers. They have charged
privately that promotions have
been rigged, transfers ar-
ranged and even a few resig-
nations -forced to clear .foreign
service officer's out of the way
so intelligence agents can take
over their jobs.
Ona grievance case, hushed
up by the State Department,
involves foreign service offi-
cer Charles Anderson, who
claim he was bumped from
his political job in Sofia to
make room ior a CIA agent.
When Anderson complained
about .the transfer, he :igot
low efficiency rating 'Ibit his
pains.
Anderson refused to corn- the banks,
ment, bui? his friends told us For Tuesdv, Senate Bank-
about , his grievance. Other lug Chatiznan John Sparkman
07
ti
6r.
ieJet
State Department sources de-i(D-Ala.) has scheduled a closed A spokesman for the Ames1-
scribed how the cloak-and-dog- session to consider the latest can Banking Association ae-
ger boys were moving into the bonanza for the banks. This knowledged that 5-3e52 had
diplomatic service. The 1,500 bill, carried on the Senate been drafted by the bankers
figure came from personnel docket as 5-3652, was actually but claimed it merely clarified
officers. An official spokes-. dr a f ted by the American recommendations made by the
man, however, refused to corn- Bankers Associations Federal Reserve ' Board. The
ment on the number of CIA A Senate staff study, dated hill was introduced, he said,
and related spies in the de- Aug. 1 and stamped "Confi.- by Sen. Wallace Bennett (R-
diental," 'calls the bill "the Utah). at the request of the
most unconscionable example bankers.
of special interest legislation
(we) have seen" recently. .
The staff estimates that the
bill "ccrald cost the states as
much as a billion dollars a
pockets of the privileged. year in tax revenues mid p05-
Treasury experts claim the tax sibly more,"
rate could be cut in half, with Citing figures supplied by
out reducing federal revenue the Federal Reserve- Board,
a single cent, if Congress the memo alleges that the av-
would only plug the tax Imp- erage business firm has a rola-
holes. - live state and local tax bur- '111111111g mate . . . McGovern
Instead, ? Congress keeps den four times greater than never asked his former ii ii
new loopholes in the 'cominerelal banks. It adds: Ding mate, Tom EP.gleton,:for
"Once state leitislatures his opinion on a successer, But
wake up to this great dispar. privately, Eagleton .told us lie
ity, they might very well seek thought o r er Democratic
Political Potpurr
George McGovern, in his
search for a new running
mate, first tried Tod Kennedy,
then Hubert Humphrey, 130th
men turned him down hut of-
fered to campaign for Min... .
Humphrey f oun d his old
friend McGovern despondent
over the ordeal of choosing a
laws until the taxpayers have
their dander up.
Few special interests have
'
wangled more benefits out of to raise the low level of taxes Party Chief Larry OBrien was
Congress than the banking paid by banks, If banks were the best available man, . ?
lobby. Banking, legislation Is taxed at the same rate as 1-7\17nG?vern was' nileasn
handled by the Senate and other business firms, state and dentally, that headstrong
House Banking Committees,
which always seem to be
dreaming .up new benefits for
to:
local tax revenues would be
increased by $2.2 billion,"
This bill, warned the memo,
members of the Democratic.
National Committee might not
accept his recommendal ion .
would block the states from and mihl put up their own
charging banks the same tax candid 1:1'2e i'renmUu t.
rates as Other businesses_ ct 15T:1, lir:It ea 1"m 'Mt
. _
Approved For Release 2001/03/04.: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
Approved For Release 20011033104-x?aA2RDP80-01, 601 RO
THE WASHINGTON POST PAR=
r-vi 7)r
1H711;)
iLiLtJ'
BECAUSE OF VOLUME OF MAIL RECEIVED, PARADE REGRETS IT CANNOT ANSWER QUERIES ABOUT THIS COLUMN.
' EDITED by LLOYD SHEARER
irMT 1 V 91M13 First
al0A.1J rezident
correspondent of a foreign
newspaper in Malta turns
out to be a Tass corre-
spondent from the Soviet
.Union, Mr. W.V.
Ukritchian.
For some time now the
Soviets have attempted to
set up an embassy
in Malta, but
according to MtIlta's
Prime Minister Mintoff, "I
do not think the Soviet.
Union yet needs an embassy
here." '
CorrespOndent Mkritch-
lan's reason for opening
a Tass agency in Valetta,
Malta's capital city, is
"because Malta is becoming
a major international is-
sue from time to time."
It is no secret
that Tass
correspondents are fre-
quently members of the
K.G.B., tho Soviet
'security apparatus,
in much the same
way that members of our -
C.I.A. are frequently
attached to 'U.S. embassies
abroad.
STATI NTL
Approved For Release 2001/0.3/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
YIL5
EXAYWILP_AS
STATINTL 1 5 MAY 1972 STATINT.L
roved For Release$MOVOVO4 : CIA-
UPI
Fulbright: No time for relies
Amodest little pamphlet put out by
'the U.S. Information Agency ten
years ago said that USIA "tells America's
story abroad." How simple it seemed:
Uncle Sam reciting "Once upon a time
in 1776 ..." to an underdeveloped na-
tion on his knee. It's a different story to-
day, as our propaganda machine tries to
find the right words and the right tone
of voice. for a period in which the nation
is simultaneously at Nvar, at peace and at
odds with itself.
. In Washington last week, USIA won
approval of its new budget at the cur-
rent $200 million level, but only after
the Senate restored cuts made in com-
mittee that would have reduced the
agency's film and print activities and all
but :dismantled the Voice of America.
The authorization squabble grew out of
continuing rivalry-between Congress and
the White House .over foreign affairs,
and a running feud .between USIA di-
rector Frank Shakespeare, a conservative
former network executive who helped?
design President Nixon's TV image in
the 1968 campaign, and Sen. J. William
Fulbright, chairman of the 'Foreign Re-
lations Committee and a critic of USIA
since its inception . in 1953. While the
showdown vote was an Administration
.victory, it did nothing to clarify such
questions as bow good or bad our propa-
ganda actually is today, how it should
? change or evolve in the 1970s, and
whether Americans should be able to
see and hear it themselves.
Theoretically, the law protects the
American public from being propagan-
dized at its own expense by forbidding
USIA to show its wires on the home
front. Exceptions have been made in re-
cent years, however, and last month,
despite objections by Senator Fulbright
and others, Sen. James Buckley, the
conservative New York Republican,
showed a USIA propaganda film about
Czechoslovakia on his TV show. After the
broadcast, Fulbright's committee passed
a measure that would reaffirm and clad- B 3TOM HOMETE: ?
fy the ban on internal dissemination. 3,41-FAHVILIHEJE ECE3.0,KlA
AMEPVKAHCKCiO
Though the measure has no teeth, USIA
rIPE34,11EHTA
is playing safe at the moincrit by_with-
holding all *woven FlordReiease1004103104CIAtIkV3804Y
media ,until the issue is resolved. The America Illustrated: A sense of style
ropaganda
What We Say
?And How
By Joseph Morgenstern
taxpayers, therefore, are either protect-
ed once again from Administration prop-
aganda, or prevented from laying eyes
or ears on the stuff for which they're
paying $200 million a year.
What do we really tell our friends
and enemies abroad? What effect does
it have? "Czechoslovakia: 1968," the
Academy Award-winning short that
kicked up the fuss on the Buckley show,
is an efficient and particularly repellent
piece of goods. Starting with sweetly
pastoral (and occasionally fake) shots
from 1918 and ending with the Soviet
invasion of 1968, it reduces 50 .years of
history to thirteen minutes of short takes
and shrewd juxtapositions. that Make
strong appeals to the emotions, and some-
times misrepresent history. Newsreel
clips of' the Soviet Army's liberation of
Prague from the Nazis in 1945 are inter-
cut with those. of Hitler's occupation,
suggesting one was as bad as the other
when, in fact, Czech Communists and
non-Communists alike greeted the Sovi-
ets with open arms. The film has no nar-
ration. The only word in it is suoboda,
Czech for "freedom." The same style is
used to comment On the Berlin wall in
merwx
?
"
Mc"
VIZVa=ratti=tiraZ4VKIARAMIAMI24.1121141
UP/
USIA's Shakespeare: A need to know!
"Barricade. These films me cinematic,
all right, but 'they're also slippery, fur-
tive, and they raise the question of why
a nation that s supposed to be open and
truthful should rely, on subliminal trick-
ery to condemn the conduct of other
nations.
"Vietnam! Vietnam!", produced by
John Ford at a cost of some $250,000,
proved such an embarrassment in its few
public showings abroad tharit was with-
drawn from circulation and awarded the
oblivion it so richly deserved. Belligcr--
ently simple-mindtA, necrophiliac in its
frequent close-ups of bloated corpses and
mutilated children, the film subtly blames
the Democrats for our involvement in
Vietnam and makes the antiwar move-
ment look like a pack of craven imbeciles.
"The Silent Majority;" made in 1969 but
still in circulation, is a lumbering tract
that makes, much of a Gallup Poll and re-
inforces its message of widespread sup-
port for the Nixon Administration with a .
smug, sanctimonius. tone that might be ,
worthier of a Salazar or' Duvalier admin-
istration. ? Yet USIA, like the nation,
speaks in more than one tone of voice.
The most popular agency film in recent
months is "President Nixon in China?A
Journey for Peace." Its narrator, like its-
star, goes to great lengths to praise Chi-
?Irese athletes, culture, schoolchildren
and snow shovelers.
American Pastoral .
The best of the agency's production
of twenty to thirty films each year can
be excellent indeed. "An Impression of
John Steinbeck: 'Writer" looks at the
man and his work; intercuts clips from
the movie version of "The Crapes Of
Wrath" with scenes of Salinas, Monte-
rey and the green paradise of a valley
where Steinbeck grew up. "The ? Num-
bers Start With the River' is a life-affirm-
ing Work, narrated by an elderly couple
who've got all they need and love in. the
calm little town around them. By the
.nature of their subjects, however, such
films look to the past and cherish land-
scapes and values that are fast disap-
tatfirWgf y?italiy in these
6 O t
M
nfiro(tf
evidence in any other IA
films
whatt i
STATI NTL
Approved For Release 216trl
Mfg
S.
-01601
,Tough Break ?
Speaking of tax loopholes (as everyone does
from time to time), the Wall Street Journal
'reported the other day that the U.S. Tax Court
has ruled that a loophole permitting military
officers in combat $500 a month in tax-free'
income cannot be extended to CIA-types serving
in Indochina. According to a recent ruling, a
"civilian" pilot who carried a card identifying
-him as a "civilian noncombatant serving the
Armed Forces of the U.S." and the equivalent
of an Air Force colonel (should he be captured
by the enemy) cannot be considered a military
officer for tax purposes. If a U.S. court won't
buy it, how can the military expect that front
the Viet Cong?
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
. VASEII;G:Xky2OST.
Approved For Release 2001/03/1)/1
?
l'INISC Urges
Stiffer Law
On Secrets
. By Sanford J. Ungar
Washington Post Staff Writer
rial orianated by foreign\gov:` ance ot official duties or con-
ernments or international or- tractual obligations."
, ganizations," "extremely sensi- ? Tighter control over "dis-
? tive information or material" semination outssde the Execu-
singled out by the heads of tive Branch" to such organiza-
agencies and "information or tions as the Rand Corp. in Cal-
materialswhich warrants some ifornia, whicb performs de-
degree of classification i" an fense research under govern-
ment contracts. '
The National Security Coun-
cil is proposing tougher regu-
lations to keep classified infor-
mation out of the hands of un-
authorized government offi-
cials, defense contractors and
the public.
It suggests that President
Nixon may want to go as far
as seeking legislation similar
to the British Official Secrets
Act, which wculd have the ef-
feet of imposing stiff criminal
penalties on anyone who re-
ceives classified information,
as well as on those who dis-
close it.
The recommendations are
? 'contained in the draft revision
of the executive order that has
governed the security classifi-
cation system since 1953.
the Departments
draft was submitted to
? e Departments of State, De-
fense and Justice, the Central
? Intelligence Agency and the
( Atomic Energy Commission
last month for their com-
ments. A copy was obtained by
The Washington Post yester-
day.
? After suggestions have come
,back from those agencies, a re-
vised 'draft. is expected to be
.sent to the President for ap-
'proval on his return from
China.
The National Security Coun-
cil draft is the result of a
year's work by a special inter-
agency committee headed by
. William H. Rehnquist, for-
merly an assistant attorney
general and now a Justice of
the Supreme Court.
. National Security Council
sources said yesterday that
Rehnquist's contributions to
the revision were "very impor-
tant.. . . 's. ,He did yeoman
work."
Rehnquist resigned from the
Inter-agency' committee when
he was sworn in as a member
of the high court last month,
and he has not been replaced.
If adopted in its current
form, 'the NSC draft would
freeze 'the existing secrecy
stamps on thousands of docu-
ments now in sPecial catego-
ries exempt from automatic
declassification over a period
of 12 years.
exerANZETWAd EA
Include "information or mate-
Indefinite period,"
-The NSC draft abolishes
categories d
special an intro-
duces a "30-year rule" setting
the time limit for declassifica-
tion of all future secret gov-
ernment information.
The time period over which
some documents would be au-
tomatically down-graded in se-
curity classification and even-
tually declassified would be
? Establishment of safe-,
k
eepin b the Gen
g standards y
eral Services Administration
to assure that all classified
material is ? appropriately
locked up and guarded.
? Markings on every classi-
fied document to make it.pos-
sible to "identify the individ-
ual or individuals who origi-
nally classified each compo-
reduced from 12 to 10 years. neat."
Docuis gilts originally ? Establishment of its own
stampea "top secret" could be rules by every government
made public after 10 years. agency on when and how It I
Those marked "secret" could will make classified informa-
be declassified after 8 years, tion available to Congress or
and those with a "confiden- the courts.
tial" stamp after 6 years. The NSC draft lists 41 gov-
But before that time has ernment agencies which would
passed, the NSC draft sug- have the authority to put clas-
gests, "classified information sification stamps on docu.
or material no longer needed meats and other materials.
in current working files" may They range from the White
be "promptly destroyed, trans- House and Atomic Energy
ferred or retired" to reduce Commission to the ?Panama
stockpiles of classified docu- Canal Co. and the Federal
ments and
ng them.cut the costs of Maritime Commission.
handli
A House subcommittee in-
vestigating the availability of
classfied information has esti-
mated the cost of maintaining
secret government archives at
$60 million to $80 million an-
nually.
Although the special review
of classification procedures
was commissioned by Presi-
dent Nixon long before the
top-secret Pentagon papers on
the war in Vietnam were dis-
closed to the public last sum-
mer, the NSC draft reflects a
number of the problems de-
bated during the Pentagon
papers episode. cial Use Only," the copy of the
? Among the recommendations NSC draft obtained by The
in the NSC draft are: Post bears no security mark-
? Creation of an "inter- in g itself.
agency review committee" It is in the final pages that
whose chairman would be ap. the National Security Council
pointed by tne President, tO makes its recommendations
supervise all government secu- for revising criminal statutes
rity classification .activity and to deal with unauthorized dis-
handle complaints from the
Several agencies which pre.
viously did not have such au-
thority are added to the list,
such as the White House Of-
fice of Telecommunications
Policy and the Export-Import
Bank.
Only two agencies?AC-
TION, successor to the Peace
Corps, and, the Tennessee Val-
ley Authority?are to be re-
stricted to the use of "classi-
fied" stamps, and banned from
classifying documents "top se-
cret" or "secret."
Except for its final pages,
which are stamped "For Offi-
public about overclassifica-
tion. ?
? An annual "physical in-
closure of classified informa-
tion. The President is offered
three o tions:
? Leaving existing law un-
ventory" by each agency hold- changed.
Ing classified material to be ? Revising ? one section of
sure that security has been the federal espionage act to
strictly preserved omit the requirement that dis-
? Establishment of a re- closure, to be considered crim-
quirement that everyone using inal, must be "to a foreign
classified material not only agent." The revision would
have a security clearance, but make it a crime to disclose
Seeking legislation like
the British Official Secrets
Act, which severely punishes
those who disclose and receive
classified information.
Touching on an issue that
was repeatedly raised during
the court cases involving the
Pentagon papers, the NSC
draft also instructs:
"In no case shall informa-
tion be classified in order to
conceal inefficiency or admin-
istrative error, to prevent em-
barrassment to a person or
ageny, to restrain competition
Or independent initiative, or
to prevent for any other rea-
son the release of information
which does not require protec-
tion in the ? interest of na-i
tional security."
Several judges ruled last
summer that. publication of
the Pentagon papers, a history.
of American involvement in
Vietnam, might cause embar-
rassment to government ofl
ficials but would not endanger
the national well-being.
The draft also substitutes
the term "national security"
wherever "national' defense"
was used in the Previous regu-
lation coskolling the classifi-
cation of information.
One expert on security clas-
sification said yesterday that
national security is generally
coAsidered a broader term
which permits the classifica-
tion of more material.
The NSC draft also provides
for classification of anything
whose "unauthorized* disclo-
sure could reasonably be ex-
pected *to result" in ,be
to. the nation, a less stringent
condition than was previously'
imposed.
The preamble to the draft
states that "it is essential tha-',
the citizens of the United
States be informed to the
maximum extent possible con-
cerning the activities of their
government," but adds that it
is "equally essential for their
government to protect certain
official information against
unauthorized disclosure."
The draft, says the NSC, is
intended "to provide for a just
resolution of the conflict be-
tween these two essential na-
tional interests." ,
fttfOnfaM7M4 (ettekticte.?f 1,00t1 0200150001-6
connection witn his perform-
J
NEW YORK TIMES
Approved For Release 2i0jA913t12: CIAABAK1I60
Columnist Says Nixon Pressed Policy Against India
?
By' TERENCE SMITH
? Special to The New York Times ,
WASHINGTON, Jan. 3?Pres-
ident Nixon was "furious" with
his subordinates during the re-
cent India-Pakistan war for not
taking a stronger stand against
India, the syndicated colum-
nist Jack Anderson reported
today.
Mr. Anderson quoted Henry
A. Kissinger, the President's ad?
visor on national security, as.
having told a meeting of seniot
Administration officials: "Pre
getting hell every half-hour
from the President that we are
not being tough enough on In-
dia."
According to Mr. Anderson
Mr. Kissinger directed that al:
United States officials "show a
certain coolness" to the Indians.
"The Indian Ambassador is not
to be treated at too high a
level," he is quoted as having
said.
The quotations in Mr. An-
derson's column today were the
latest in a series of verbatim
reports of secret White House
strategy sessions dealing with
the crisis that the columnist has.
published during the last several
days.
His column is syndicated to
700 newspapers, 100 of them
overseas. Mr. Anderson took
!crises, that dealt with the India-!
!Pakistan conflict. The meetings
,were held in early December.
Notes by Pentagon Aides
lover the column on the death
of his colleague Drew Pearson
in September, 1g69.
The publication of the re-
ports, which Mr. Anderson says
are classified "secret sensitive,"
has infuriated the White House
and unsettled national security:
officials.
? Government sources con-
firmed today that an investiga-
tion had been started by the
White House to determine who
leaked the classified documents.
-The sources said the new in-
vestigation, reportedly being
conducted by the Federal Bu-
reau of Investigation, is directed
at individuals in the State and
Defense Departments, and on
the National Security Council
staff who have had access to
the notes qupted by Mr. Ander-
son.
The quotations published by
the columnist are not official
minutes of the meetings, but
rather notes prepared by repre-
,sentatives .of the various de-
partments attending.
! In a telephone interview to-
:day, Mr. Anderson said he had
,been given two complete sets
!of /notes of tkeletinc,s af
!Washington r?liff Mil.reatt r
Group, ? a high-level strategy
icommittee assembled. during
The notes he has published
so far, the columnist said, are
from those taken for the. De-
fense Department ? and are
signed by two Pentagon offi-
cials.. . .
Mr. Anderson said he had
received scores of other classi-
fied documents, including se-
cret intelligence reports and
cablegrams, that he intended to
publish during she next two
weeks.
"1 am trying to force a show-
down with the Administration
over their classification sys-
tem," the columnist said. "Ev-j
ers-thing Kissinger does?even1
the toilet paper he uses?is be-.
ing stamped 'secret.' That's not
in the public interest in a?
democracy."
Mr. Anderson said neither
he nor members of his staff had
vet been questioned by Gov-
ernment investigators, but that
he had "positive" information
that the F.B.I. had already in-
terrogated individuals at the
White House and State and De-
fense departments in an effort
to discover who had provided
him with the documents.
Aide Declines Comment
Gerald L. Warren, the acting
Press Secretary at the White
House, declined today to say
whether an investigation had
been ordered. He also declined
all comment on the Anderson
columns.
In the column published to-
day, Mr. Anderson quotes from
notes taken during the. Wash-
ington Special Action Group's
meetings of Dec. 3, Dec. 4 'and
Dec. 8.
In the first session, he quotes
Richard Helms, director of Cen-
tral Intelligence, as saying the
Indians were "currently en-
gaged in a no-holds-barred at-
tack on East Pakistan and that
they had crossed the border
on all sides."
"Dr. Kissinger remarked that
if the Indians have announced
a full-scale invasion," the col-
umn continues, "this fact must
be reflected in our U.N. state-
ment."
On Dec. 4, Mr. Kissinger is
quoted as having said, "On AID
matters the President wants to
ilITOVO#100141/3141ksi"
for International Development.
1.
This instruction was amp
lied on Dec. 8, when, seeps
ing to the column, "Dr. Kissi
ger stated that current ordc
are not to put anything in
budget for India. It was al
not to be leaked that AID h
put money in the budget only
to have the 'wicked' White
House take it out." ,
On Dec. 4, the Administra-
tion suspended its aid program
in India.
STATINTL
CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
NEW YORK REVIEW OF BOOKS
Approved For Release 20$1,60M14.1910111A9-01
Tine CHIl's Hew Cover Elle
The Rope Dancer
by Victor Marchetti.
Grosset & Dunlap, 361 pp., $6.95
Richard J. Barnet
In late November the Central Intel-
ligence Agency conducted a series of
"senior seminars" so that some of its
important bureaucrats could consider
its public image. I was invited to
attend one session and to give my
views on the proper role of the
Agency. I suggested that its legitimate
activities were limited to studying
newspapers and published statistics,
listening to the radio, thinking about
the world, interpreting data of recon-
naissance satellites, and occasionally
publishing the names of foreign spies. I
? had been led by conversations with a
number of CIA officials to believe that
they Were thinking along the same
lines. One CIA man after another
? eagerly joined the discussion to assure
me that the days of the flamboyant
covert operations were over. The
upper-class amateurs of the OSS who
stayed to mastermind operations in
'Guatemala, Iran, the Congo, and else-
where?Allen Dulles, Kermit Roosevelt,
Richard Bissell, Tracy Barnes, Robert
Amory, Desmond Fitzgerald?had died
or departed.
In their place, I was assured, was a
small army of professionals devoted to
preparing intelligence "estimates" for
the President and collecting informa-
tion the clean, modern way, mostly
with sensors, computers, and sophis-
ticated reconnaissance devices. Even
Gary Powers, the U-2 pilot, would now
be as much a museum piece as Mata
?Hari. (There are about 18,000 em-
ployees in the CIA and 200,000 in the
entire "intelligence community" itself.
The cost of maintaining them is some-
where between $5 billion and S6
billion annually. The employment
figures do not include foreign agents or
mercenaries, such as the CIA's 100,000-
man hired army in Laos.)
A week after my visit to the "senior
se inar" Newsweek ran a long story
n "the new espionage" with a picture
of CIA Director Richard Helms on the
' '? Ope
adventurer has passed in the American the
spy business; the bureaucratic age of ingt
Richard C. Helms and his gray spe- kno
cialists has settled in." I began to have fina
an uneasy feeling that Newsweek's ingt
article was a cover story in more than ?
vote
one sense. An
? ? ceili
It has always ?been difficult to falle
analyze organizations that engage in A
false advertising about themselves. Part of
of the responsibility of the CIA is to lad)
the
beca
ized
Heli
ovel
lige]
Age
Bur
the
spread confusion about its own work.
The world of Richard Helms and his
"specialists" does indeed differ .from
that of Allen Dulles. Intelligence organ-
izations, in spite of their predilection
for what English judges used to call
"frolics of their own," are servants of
policy. When policy changes, they
must eventually changd too, although
because of the atmosphere of secrecy
and deception in which they operate,
such changes are exceptionally hard to
control. To understand the "new
espionage" one must see it as ipart of
the Nixon Doctrine which, in. essence,
is a global strategy for maintaining US
power and influence without overtly
involving the nation in another ground He,
war. neN
But we cannot comprehend recent tigE
developments in the "intelligence corn- nel
munity" without understanding what fur
Mr. Helms and his employees actually Prc
do. In a speech before the National ny
Press Club, the director discouraged/w
journalists from making the attempt. d(
"You've just got to trust us. We are
honorable men." The same speech is
made each year to the small but
growing number of senators who want
a closer check on the CIA. In asking,
on November 10, for a "Select Com-
mittee on the Coordination of United
States Activities Abroad to oversee
activities of the Central Intelligence
Agency," Senator Stuart Symington
noted that "the .subcommittee having
oversight of the Central Intelligence
Agency has not met once this year."
Symington, a former Secretary of
the Air Force and veteran member of
the Armed Services Committee, has
also said that "there is no federal
agency in our government whose activ-
ities receive less scrutiny and control
than the CIA." Moreover, soon after
CC n
ove
vice
Age
imp
Th
reo
cover. The rejliagazrs clearly .bad swken Syminaton spoke, Senator Allen J.
to some of tTeHNI9VoldalF9E0
.elease 2001/03104 : CIA-R0P80-01601R000200150001-6
ni
P;

C
Newsweek said, "The gaudy era of the
" ?
Approved For Release 2001/03/04 : CIA-RDP80-01601
NEW BEDFORD, MASS.
STANDARD?TIMES
DEC 16 1971
E r 71,238
S ? 62,154
munist China prisons of Richard Fec-
return to the United States from Com-
It has been a joyful occasion, the
, 40.
S
teau of Lynn and Mary Ann Harbert
of California.
As thankful as everybody is, how-
ever, let there be no outpouring of gra-
titude toward the People's Republic.
Mr. Fecteau, it should be noted, ser-
ved 19 years of a 20-year term, and
Miss Harbert was Imprisoned for
three years on as yet no known charge.
Indeeil, were it not that other Amer-
icans are in the People's Republic's
custody, an inquiry should be insti-
tuted on what happened to Miss Har-
bert's sailing companion. The fact that
he still was being "questioned" more
Than a year after his arrest by the
Chinese, and thereafter allegedly
committed suicide, suggests he was
receiving anything but normal treat-
ment.
The other regrettable aspect of
these developments is that the United
States apparently is caught in the
;unfortunate position of having main-
tained throughout the years of Fec-
teau's imprisonment that he was not
,engaged in espionage when ap-
prehended, whereas his former wife
!now flatly states the Chinese were
"not lying"1 when they charged he
? vas.
'Persons who volunteer for Central
ung up
Intelligence Agency employment must
agree, it is to be presumed, that if
their cover is exposed they cannot
expect their government to irnmedi- '
ately admit they were spies and beg
for consideration. It rrfight even in-
vite harsher punishment, in fact, to
do so.
'
But it does seem that in these many
years, the CIA or the State Depart-
ment would have found some method
of getting out from under the apparent
false disavowal on Fecteau. Perhaps
some effort was made. If so, the facts
should be reported?the CIA couldn't
lose any more face than it has over,
this case.
The Soviet Union initially denied
that the late Rudolph Abel was th
espionage work. But once he was im-
prisoned here, Moscow made such a .
mighty effort to obtain his release,
exchanging for him the prisoner of
prisoners, U-2 pilot Gary Powers, sym-
bol of years of Soviet frustration, that .,
it was tantamount to admitting Abel's
spy role. The Soviet escaped a little
more gracefully than President Eisen-
hower, who first lied about Powers'?
duties. . .
Espionage is always a heroic occupl-
tion, but as a business between nations
it would be less Sordid if some method
could be found to avoid the lie when,
it is uncovered.
STATINTL
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
11
BURLTNGTON , VT.
FREE PRESS ?[.?,),11STATINTL
APO?
fe'd FiBilkeiease 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R0
IL - 43,479 -
-
n s
amn
? Free Press- Gannett Service
WASHINGTON ? President Nixon's
'aides have begun weighing the pros and cons
or an unusual scheme to gain freedom at last
Ycir imprisoned American John T. Downey.
41. by providing a "face-saving" formula for
Chinese Communist leaders.
Under the plan President Nixon. during
his Feb. 21-28 visit to mainland China:
would propose to the Chinese leaders that
Downey. of New Britain ,c7cAagled
into the President's personal custody.
ordrittir.vIN'ix on would concede that when
Downey was captured during the Korean
war in November 1952. Downey was in fact
working for the Central Ilitelliqence t_l&wcy
(CIA). as the ChinesZ ITS'Ye insistMTraiong.
That would represent the "face-saving" part
'of the formula.
Administration officials maintained a
closed-mouth attitude Tuesday about the
Downey case and the cases of two other
Americans known to be languishing in
Chinese prisons. They saw some ray of hope.
,however, for the release of the trio.
.
On Monday. the Chinese Communists
'surprised the world by releasing Richard
Fecteau. 44. of Lynn. Mass.. and Mary Ann
Habert of Menlo Park. Calif.. as a gesture to
improve the atmosphere in advance of
'President Nixon's visit.
? At the same time, they commuted the life
sentence of Downey to five years.
All of this was an outgrowth of National
.Security Adviser Henry A. Kissinger's
'recent discussions with Chinese Premier
Chou En-lai to lay the groundwork for the
President's forthcoming Peking talks..
The arrangements provide for -free-
wheeling" discussions among the President,
'Premier Chou and Communist party
Chairman Mao Tse-Tung.
This would seem to leave room to bring
up the Downey case, and that of two
_
servicemen also remaining in Red Chinese
Captivity ? Air Force Capt. Philip E. Smith
and ,Navy Lt. Robert Flynn.
The White House and the State
Department have been urged to use the
.'face-saving" formula by Downey's
relatives and friends. including Sean
Downey of McLean. Va., and the prisoner's
old Yale classmate, Jerome A. Cohen, now a
faculty member at Harvard Law School.
"I have aruged that the question of whose
face is saved iAippirtaReel infikrttlaele
r.,
eme r?
'5 redti
saving a life," Sean Downey Said in' a
telephone interview. "I have received some
encouragement from the White House.
"The State Department's reaction has
been more conservative. The word you get
there is that the situation is very delicate
and they don't want to rock the boat.
-This is really a tragic situation. John
Downey was an honor graduate from Yale
in 1952. He was a football player and a
wrestling champion ? a young man of great
promise ? yet he has hardly enjoyed a year
of adult life."
Downey and Fecteau were captured 19
years ago. At the time. American officials
identified them as civilian employes of the
U.S. Army whose aircraft disappeared on a
flight from South Korea to Japan. .
'The Chinese Communists insisted
Downey and Fecteau actually were CIA
agents who were attempting to set up
guerrilla bases in northeast China.
As long ago as last summer. Cohen
proposed the United States admit Downey
and Fecteau were spies in an effort to
secure their freedom,
The question arises?whether the face of
the United States government is involved.
The State Department is sticking to its story
that the Chinese Communist charges against
Downey and Fecteau were trumped up.
But Fecteau's divorced wife, Margaret
Fecteau, held a news conference at hem
Lynn home Tuesday and was quoted bl
several Boston area newspapers as saying
"The Chinese haven't been lying" about thE
spying charge. Later, however, she denied
having made that comment.
Sean Downey, a business consultant wh(
also does consulting work with the Justice
Department on community relations, had no
patience with the State Department's public
attitude.
"What harm can be done now in:
, admitting whatever mission John was on?"
Sean Downey asked. "You just about have
to assume he had some link with the CIA.'"
What does the phrase 'civilian employe of
the U.S. Army' mean if it doesn't mean..
something like that?'.'
The two Downey cousins are almost the
same age and have always been par-
ticularly. close. From 1941 to 1947, they
lived just two doors away from each other in
Wallingford. Conn. ,
ase 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601 R000200150001 -6
Approved For Release 2001/0i/941,1091MDP80201611
77/0 Cili 51' ?
-
All"eicyr L
al 84
tiki N in t v e s
Red China's 22-man United Nations delegation
received a.tumultuous reception upon its arrival. in
New York, last week, with the press seeming to tum-
ble over itself with compliments for the "high qual-
ity" of Mao's diplomatic representatives. But even
as the new delegation was being hailed, by various
groups in this Country, evidence is accumulating that
Red China intends to employ the U.N.- as a major
.tool for promoting Maoist-style espionage and sub-
version. Consider the following: ?
o China's Deputy Foreign .Minister, Chia() Kuan-
Itua, head of the first Peking delegation to the U.N.,
is believed to have once been an important intel-
ligence operative for Peking.. Chiao, for instance,
worked for several years with .the New China.News
Agency, which since its inception has been operating
as a conduit for intelligence and a cover for espio-
nage. ?
David Wise and Thomas B. Ross In their well-
regarded book, The Espionage Establishment, stress
that "the main thrust of NCNA's activities is of a
diplomatic or intelligence nature, as can be seen
from the operations of its ?busier correspondents,"
Those named among the busier: Chino Kuan-hua.
Moreover; Chia? openly hinted in his remarks to
the American press last week that his country would
be actively engaged in promoting subversion by sup-
porting ? "oppressed peoples and nations in their jusf
'struggles to win freedom and liberation
The Red Chinese delegation arrives in New York to take its
UN. seat. At top is thief delegate Clu:no Kuan-llua, while
at bottom is top Mao agent Kao
China's.' two-faced policy, he saperficially pro--
motes trade and travel -and 'better relations'
with the other.".: . ?
.., ..-
Equally indicative of ihe role that Red China is
likely to play at the U.N. is that Kao Liang, head of
-Chirto's deputy, Huang Hua, the permanent Red China's advance party at the United .t:ations., is
-
a
head of the delegation ? and 'now ambassador to a well-known espionage gent who has fostered
Canada, also has a long history of engaging in sub-
revolutjons throughout ,Africa.. While ostensibly
?versive activities. Indeed, as HUMAN EVENTS has serving as a journalist for the New China News
pointed out previously and DeWitt S. Copp elabo- Agency, Kao has been one of Peking's top men in
organizing "united fronts" among radicals and in,
rates on page 13, he is a gifted.saboteur and espio-
channelling funds, weapons and advice into groups
. .
nage artist. Aside from helping to author the germ
warfare charges against the United States in Korea, eager to topple foreign governmehts.
Huang was instrumental in turning Ghana in the U.S. intelligence maintains a thick file on this
early 1960s into a Peking base of operations against "journalist" who as kicked out of India in 1960 for
pro-Western countries in Africa. "tendentious reporting" and expelled in 1964 from
As Rep. John Buchanan (R.-Ala.), a member f
Mauritius, an island nation off the African mainland.
o
the Foreign Affairs. Committee, has said: "From As authors Wise and Ross have written about Red
?1960 to 1965 he served officially as ambassador to China's U.N. advance man: "Taking up residence in
Ghana but was, in fact, ambassador-at-large pro- Dar ?es Salaam, the capital of Tanzania, in 1961,
(noting Red' China and Communist revolution Kao carried his intrigues the length and_ breadth of
throughout Africa and was an important factor in Africa.
. the Brazzaville (Congo) takeover in 1964." ; ? Dar he lived; mu?ch too well for a newspaper-
Before Huang Hua'received his U.N. appoint-. man. His house and his car were too big, his parties
meat, Rep. Buchanan prophesied that he was
too frequent and his bankroll too large. In short, his
.;
"being groomed fon the day when China is ad-
lavish Ways exposed his cover, as similar habits have
? rnitted to the sometimes betrayed CIA- men, but it seemed to. United Nations or the United ,
States follows Canada's lead in granting d.iplo-
trouble. him- not at all. In fact, he openly asserted
.
matie recognition. Then- he will be *able to en- ' more importance than that.of an NCNA correspon-.
o
courage d ?rornot wvolt
dent and once checked into a hotel in Burundi as the
? afig. ain in the ,e. el , ? - ?
States N,PIAPY#91,11:ArHt?P95 103/0PiCWRi3P841.P-931601R000200150001-6
?out irnie a
q THE OrITCINHAD: PITS'S STATINTL
Approved For Release-Otht3}1341: CIA-RDP80701601R
,
. r- -,, ,,;-..-..^,?,,---.,., p,-? fr1-) ,r--?
'C'Cri
.'"1 ;1 i ',.I .c.::J if LI d .,.I c)
j ,;,. - (,-., r,
LUill]
._
'
.STATINTI
Once during, Il\c conversation his hands seemed to' absfird. with tae proble.rns
shake. He 'was lis.hting his second or third cigarette,
rather a 15t for 1i.12 short time he had been talking. The
Dervous edge vt,zs' peculiar ? it didn't jibe with ?the kind
of image Victor Torchetti had painted of himself.
A real-life sp,) who came in from the cold, 'Marchetti as a
14-year veteran of the Central Intelligence AgencY who
has just autta.srod a book called "The Rope Dancer." The
Dovel purports to show spicinage work for what it really
is, as Marchr-Dt experienced it. What he described, while
dressing last Th es:.lay morning, is hardly nerve-fraying,
"Not all spies are dashing, handsome, debonair," he said
with anti-Jae/las Bond certainty. "The average stay is
married and lives in the suburbs, belongs to the PTA, or
is a scoutin star." Marchetti was all of those things, and
' he indicated that his job was equally unextraordinary.
1 WD.I\ KED. OUT of Washington, was _permanently
.2s-signori; to. heaclex;a:ters, and occasionally went on over-
seas assigamenits. For example, years ago we were inter-
ested in Sevlet -rtillinary aid, ?so I might go to -Indonesia for
:as lone' as ten week, to try to got a better handle on what
the Soviets dere up to." ,
. But most -of the time, the ex-agent stressed, he was
eng-afied in collating and interpretinj vast ? supplies of
informaon cOming in from sources all over the globe. It
;as painstaking, arduous work, bureaucratic tedium that
.diffeVe i from corporate tedium only in that it dealt with.
rational security instead of marketingstrategy.
"The bulk of the information acquired today is through
satellites, overhead sensors, and electronic sensors,- Mar-
Chetti said., again subverting We martini-mistress - mys-
tique that , permeates espioriage? literature. He added that
much additional information comes through diplomatic
and. official channels, with newspapers and magazines
providing most of the remainder.- - .
.
FIDGETING RESTLESSLY, the aspiring writer smiled,
and partially amended his de-r'ornantich?oil -heresy."
? "Maybe 10 per cent- of all the people engaged L.
spionage work are back alley spies. But of these, 10 out
of 20 are faking it under the cover of diplomacy. They try
to acquire local agents in the country where . they're
working." ' . ..
To the. disillusionment of spy-novel afficionados every-
where, . however, Marchetti emphasized that there are .
very,' very few agents living overseas witliout cover, and -
. that their contribution is of marginal value. "It's kind of
like fishing ? you throw them out and sooner Or later
" you get a strike." .
- No clue to the speaker's own unease emerged as he
I discussed. hit; idea for the book. "I was just sitting around
- talidng :Vitli another agent. We were saying that things in ?
the agency were so screwed up that it wouldn't he
. surprising to_ _find . that a :Russian was running .. it. We
. _ ._... . . _ .
kill. We're like two guys standing across the
each other with triggers on mortars, cannons,
We don't need it," he said, 10:oping his tie. '
? .ii0"
IN ABS VIEW, the sam'e kind Of thinking that lel to
the arms buildup is reflected in the structure of the
modernCIA."It's too big, tdo costly, with too much military ?
influence." Marchetti says ,the quality of the agency sSTATIN-
product ? good data ? has been diluted accordingly.
We need more control fforn within .the organization, and.
street from
and rockets.
More directly from the outside." ?
Separately, Marchetti condemns the "cold war Mentali-
ty" that colors much' of the CIA's thinking,' and translates
to poor estimates of the international situation. "Cuba is
the perfect example," he said eagerly, recounting the:
misguided thinking that led the U.S. to back 'Battista
against,. Castro under the mistaken assumption that most
Cubans also were anti-Castro.
Then, he says, when' Castro won after all, the U.S..
labeled him a. -Marxist and forced him into. Russia's,
? embrace. "That's what's wrong with -Vie.,trio.m and Laos
today," Marchetti continues, "we're 'trying to support
? governMents not representative of the people."
ALMOST TO THE end of his reasons for resigning from
the -CIA, the cheerful novelist finished dressifIg. nnei
readied himself to face anew the rigorous publicity tour.
And still he eluded any indication of 'why he seemed
slightly ecla.
'I disliked the' clandestine' atmosphere onen finds in aa -
organization like the CIA," he said, finalizing the list..
:`What Lathers me most is when some guys got restlessin
. the CIA and military intelligence a few years ago. With .
' groups like the SOS, the Black Panthers, mil with civil
unrest in' general, people in the ClA began to wouder
what they should do about it."
Drawing on yet another cifcarette. Mnichetti expiained
.? ----
.that such internal disorders are -pror.,,erly the co
the FBI or the army, not the GIA. Neverth
vociferous minority of the agents ? the "specks' .
?ti. calls them ? began to say, "1,ife're the enp.t,
should do the work."
--Meant it as a joke, of course, but that's where the book-
? began." ? '
WITH THE PUBLICATION of "The none Dancer,"
Marchetti terminated a long,' distinguished career with the
CIA. He was assistant to the director of the entire agency
I when he resigned,- and prospects, for the future were
good. So why did he quit?
"I'd lost a great deal of faith in the agency and its
policies. If I couldn't believe in it, I couldn't serve it," he
said sounding more like a Campus politician than a
haf?dbitten "spy." In truth, Marchetti left for a variety of
reasons, some of them intriguing for the insights they
lend to the arcane workings of the CIA. 0119- ittilitAt* 491f0i100010.0061-161?
THIS RATIONALE could lead to, trouble at hbrn
as it already has in numerous small countries p,
p'ockmarked by CIA interference. Marchetti distil
trendline, and resigned.'
Gathering papers together to go meet his put'
local. representative, he mentioned that ha wasni
that . he no -banger is associated with an ftrit Instr.(
in the condtict of the Vietnam war., He feels con
free as he talks with his 17-year-old son, almost of
'fight the. war, and a hearty disbelieve.r in it.
His rele.an conscjence has been tempere-d by
budgetary-regrets, hovever. "I had to tell. my son
he wanted. to go on to. college, he'd .hare?-to, rnavinAL,e
way I did, by working his way thrOagh.'.',
regrets ,that he . has to be careful-- - acquiescing
wife's requests for new living room ilumiture.
The problem is. that in leaving the CIA, and a hi4i
within it, Marchetti was exercisirnf an uncommon id-
- at least uncommon in 41-year-olds with a wif?
three children. He left a $23,010-a-yesr. job, wit
promise of substantially more soon, for the ?vagu
knowns of a writer's life. ?
Marchetti is morally at peace with himself. Win
precisely the -key to his restlessness. Ile has a second
While har-40r0:14 rt?ficRe
government is n ai n ex ess o wnatgPsho )
uid or th
defense. Ile labels the $50 billion poured into. defense
each. -year, and the billion ..more for Vietnam, as '
a 7 1 1 AI I i.,11
Incomplete as received.
??? STATINTL
Approved For Release 2001/66/64FMAS-RIDP80-01
1 OCT 1971
Pk T. rO\'VAN
\ A 11 [I
'
A 6 j ra il/ 01
That bombshell out of Great
Britain about the expulsion of
405 Soviet diplomats and offi-
cials for spying has had one
predictable effect.
'It. has revived editorial corn-
/ ment and ?. cocktail chatter
about. our owinCentral Intern- '
gence. Agency and the "coV-
ers" it nses for spies. And it
' has aroused new spasms of
naive (namel-it to the effect
that our country ought to get
out of the cloalt-and-dagger
.business. -?
Well, just as sure as Mata
?llari was a woman, the expul-
sions will not halt massive So-
viet spying in Britain -- or in
the United States,, atthe Unit-
ed Nations or anyplace else.
- Some Americans just can't
.get over the sanctimonious ?o-
lion that spying is a dirty busi-
ness that, like dandruff, we
can wash right out of our hair.
Some spying is a sordid,
-dangerous . business. It in-
volves blackmail, sexual en-
trapment, peepin tomism,
double-crosses, political and
character assassinations
and outright mur&r,
Yet, spying is not nearly as
bad as are some of the. alter-
natives to having a good sys-
tem of intelligence. Not many
Americans. would accept yid,
herability to a sneak aucleai:
attack as the price for getting
rid of spies.
The .fact is that if we are to
move closer to peace we are
likely to go through a period of
more spying rather than less.
- - Millions of sensitive, intelli-
gent 'Americans deplore the
fact that in the decade of the
3.060s the United :States and
8oviet. Union poured a trillion
..dollars into arms. -These
Americans know that we shall
never rescue our cities or save
man's environment or find a
cure for -cancer unless we can
slop the arms race and its
miid waste of wealth..
)--flit the glaring truth is that
distrust stands in the way of a
curtailment in the manufac-
ture of horrible weapons, not
to mention the .destruction of
those already .in arsenals.
Steps toward disarmament
will. proceed only as rapidly as
intelligence procedures make
it possible for rival countries
to be reasonably sure that
they will not be destroyed by
the perfidy of a potential ex't.,?-
my.
As far ahead as man can
see, the United States and the
Soviet Union will launch so-
phisticated satellites whose
fantastic cameras will record
troop movements, missile em-
placements, production cen-
ters for fissionable materials,
weapons storage. areas and
other N,ital inforMation bear-
ing on the other country's (or
China's) intentions.
It is taken for granted by
American officials that the So-
viet Union will 'keep 30 or so
trawlers operating off the
shores of the United States,
their powerful, sensitive clec-
tronic gear intercepting U.S.
diplomatic and military mes-?
? sages, picking up conversa-
tion .'at U.S. airfields and bas-
CS or even plotting the noise
patterns emanating from 'key
U.S. cities.
The Soviets likewise take it.
for granted that the United
0
gl'It(S'; 41
' y
I
E t r? n
?
' States will use ships like the
USS Pueblo, special aircraft
and other measures to conduct
electronic intelligence and
that it will go ott_spencling bil-
-liens to intercept other coun-
tries, messages and break
their codes.
John F. Kennedy was fright-
ened by ithrtishchcv at Vien-
na because ? intelligence told
the young President that we
wore not as Prepared, to fight
as we needed to be should the
Russian carry out his threats
regarding Berlin. Later, Ken-
nedy could stand eyeball-
to-eyeball with Khrushchev
during the Cuban missiles ttri-
sis because:intelligence opera-
tions, including the 1.12, flights
of the Eisenhower years, made
IL clear that the United
States was stronger if it qa2110
to nuclear war, iiioreover, bur
intelligence was such that we
knew Ithrushchey knew who
was stronger.
President Nixon will go to
Peking with greater feelings of -
confidence because sophistk.
catcd intelligence procedures, ?
have .made it pessible for him
to know many things that the'
Chinese do not know he knows..
There are "puritans" who:
say that they can never accept
this as a, necessary activity,.
for to do so would be to com-
promise with immorality an,d.
indecency. 'So it becomes a ri-
tual of cleanliness for them to /
launch attacks on the CIA and
other American intelligence.
operations - whenever a news
item pops up to remind them
of their revulsion to "dirty-
tricks,'
But that story out of London
is just anotlier reminder of
hoW mean the real world is
and that the peacemakers
very often are . those who
keep :ns alert to both the dan-
gers, and the promises of that.
real world.
. .
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
\\
A,S1RICG T _ON STAN
Approved For Release 20013138:4: n1A-RDP80-01601
C?'?:k-' /
, 69 ill Ce'e'
, w ,? v4.4.
- ' By JAMES DOYLE
Star Staff Writer
' Early in1 ..63 a group includ-
ing former officials of the Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency and the
State Department soiled down
after dinner at the Harold Pratt
House, on New York's Avenue,
to discuss some of the CIA's
problems.
A record of heir conversa-
tion shows that the particular
?concern of the group that night
was how to provide a deeper
cover- for Americans gathering
information by using non-
governmental organizations as
fronts.
' The participants were mem-
/ hers and guests ? of the presti-
? gious Council on Foreign Rela-
tions, men- who seem to. direct
?? _foreign policy from within and
- - --- -
.. ,
witnout the government On a
permanent basis, and publishers
I. of "Foreign ?Affairs," the quar-
terly bible of American diploma-
? .cy. ? ? .
A record of the discussion at
the council's headquarters on
that evening, Jan. 8, 1968,' has
been circulated to some newspa-
pers by a gtoqp of self-styled
radicai scholars based in Cam-
bridge.
It portrays with some new de-
' tails, the structure and the style
of the American intelligence
community. The document is
?'timely in the wake of events last?
weekin London, where 105
memb-
ers of the Soviet commu-
nity there, including employes
Irons the Soviet embassy, trade
delegation, tourist agency, Mos-
cow Narodny Bank and Aeroflot
Airline were uncovered as esp16-
nage agents, and banned from
. the country without replace-
ments. . . .
- -? ? It was- a 'fear of just such an
incident, apparently, that domi-
nated the conversation at Pratt
house that night.
The. -U.S. "employes" - whose
cover constantly is endangered,
the .participants felt, are those
?
who work in the American Ern-
,/
il
STATINTL
? n
15 FIi1(i
.11:4
agents '"need to operate under
deeper cover."
Bissel recounted ruefully the
uproar over the CIA's exposed
funding of the National Student
Association's overseas a.ctilvities
and said, "The CIA interface
with various private groups; inn-
eluding business and student
groups, must be remedied."
He noted that the problems of
American spies overseas "is fre-
quently a problem of the State
Department."
"It tends to be true that local
allies find themselves deiding al-
ways with an American and an
of I i .c i a I American?since the
cover is almost. invariably as a
U.S. government employe," 131s-
ml is reported to have said.
'? `There are powerful reasons
for this practice, and it will al-
Ways be desirable to have some
CIA personnel housed in the em-
bassy compqund, if only for lo-
cal 'command post' and commu-
nications requirements.
"Nonetheless, it is possible
? and desirable,, although difficult
and time-consumirog, to build
overseas an apparatus of unoffi-
cia). cover," Bissel is quoted as
"This would require the use or.
? creation of private organiza-
tions many of the personnel of
which would be non-U.S. nation-
als, with freer entry into the
local society and less implica-
tion for the official U.S. pos-
ture."
Use Non-Americans
Bissel said that the United
States needed to increase its use
of non-Americans for espionage
"with an effort at indoctrination
and training: they should be en-
couraged to develop a second
loyalty, more or less compara-
ble to that of the American
staff.".
He added that as intelligence
efforts -shifted more toward Lat-
in America,. Asia and Africa,
"the conduct of U.S. nationals is
hassles, trade delegations, and - .likely to be increasingly circum-
other U.S. agencies in countries !scribed. The primary change
around the world. ? ' recommended Nvould be to build
up a system of unofficial cover.
ty director of the CIA who left . . . The CIA might be able to
jthe agency after the Bay of Pigs make use of non-nationals as
debacle, led the discussion. Ac- 'career agents', that is with a
cording to the record made :status midway between that for
available toThe 'Star; he told his the classical agent used in a
council collcapopk4etifforiteititiVIOITITitekt
Richard Bissel, a former dcpu-
and that of a staff member in-
volved th',?ough his career in
many operations, and well in-
formed of the, agency's capabili-
es."
An unidentified former State
Department official -responded
to Bisset that he agreed -with the
need to change coves, noting
that "the initial agreement be-
tween the agency and State was
intended to be 'temporary'' but
nothing endures like the ephem-
eral."
Another: participant noted that
very little attention was paid to
revelations of the CIA's use of
supposedly. independent opera-
lions such as "Radio Free Eu-
rope." he added, "One might
conclude that the public is not
likely to be concerned by tha
penetration of overseas ?iaatitu-
tions; at least not nearly so
much as by the penetration of
U.S. institutions."
This participant was quoted as?
saying, "The ? publia. doesn't
think it's right:they don't know
where it ends; they take a look
at etheir neighbors." Then he
asked whether "this suggested
expansion in use of private insti-
tutions should include those in
the United States, Or U.S. insti-
tutions operating overseas?"
In response, clear distinctions'
were reportedly made between -
operating in the United States
.and abroad, and the suggestion
was made by bissell, "One
might want CIA to expand its
use of private U.S. corporations,
but for objectives outside file
United States."
Fund Demands 1?ise.
..
. The record of the discussion
did not link comment and au-
thor, but did give a general in-
dentification of the men present.'
There also was a diligent rerao-.
val from the authorized report-
er's transcript of all specific rel-'
erences of agentsaineidents and
the like, with one, noticeable
lapse.
In a discussion of the effect of
revelations that the CIA was II-
:Dancing U.S: labor union activi-
ties abroad, it was noted that
these disclosures had simply in-
creased the demand for such
funds from overseas labor
groups. . . .
1ritishCIA-FpP110 "60 WO
Tinana . la )or unions
"Were supported through CIA
conduits, -but now they ask for
more assist:one? than before. So;
our expectaticns to the contrary,
there has been no damage."
'Those present and taking part
hi, the discussion included men
who have journeyed back and
forth between government and
corporate work, Most of whom
have remained near the center
of the foreign policy establish-
ment.
They included Bissell, now an
executive with United Aircraft
Corp. in Hartford, Conn.; former
Treasury Secretary Douglas Dil-
lon; former CIA. director Allen
Dulles; Robert Amory Jr., a for-
mer doputy'director of the CIA;
Meyer Bernstein, director of in-
ternational affairs for the United
Steelworkers of America; col-
umnist -Joseph Kraft; former
White House aide Theodore So,
rensen of Kennedy and Johnson
days;- and Philip Quigg, recently
resigned as managing editor of
Foreign Affairs.
Facsimile copies of the discus-
- Sion sninmarY have been circu-
lated by "The Africa Research
Group," a dozen young scholars
in Cambridge who take a radical
dissenting :view of U.S. foreign.
. Reached at his home, Bisell
confirmed the authenticity of the
document. ?
He noted that in the discussion
that night in New York, be had
begun by saying that agent espi-
onage was the least Valuable of'
-three main CIA. missions, behind
:reeonnaisance and electronic in-
telligence, the two areas where
!most CIA money is speiit.
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
BE C
Available
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
ND
OR EGO
OPE
oved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601
--
14 - 245,132
S - 407,186
V ,
El 0 II t Iiii:. . '
Y
.ir il .,. ,,i ..,_:, I .. ,
I .
. :?.?, ? "... .r ?
,
lcc7).11111111 S. if
? ? ? ? ? ?
? ,; ?
e!.? rt . ??
-
'
'? ? T ? 11 ? Om 0,1?ille s-/,.,?1., at,
(.:",if Li I belonEr,ing to tie
. ? !. ? ' Central Iiitelliganc.o .
? ? The two occuoants :.-/
101 rAril rk? 11 :1??1 , one in unif.m-m and the other ?
Ci5Iiii^r1 (--101-hos f1echs11(,n'
r. \\7,1(,[-z . ? i:ney .roLurl?wd leNV:',
? : ?
J) ki1 I] .thinute.. later, tho:ivflan
? ? , ; ? ? a.45 calleer vistol?
_:_,:.1:- and the Uniformed 3M"0.1; an 1
.Ir,EY1-3-`:.; 3T.,i'Dc2,q,::.'...?..dne L!aiibr raiz-Ili:a 0 E'fverij.1'',, ' i. 1G 'i rifle, to ICI, .so;-:,v-..1'.1
,, ?-;-.? ?..--oil'icno unify 'Ner,','; f.i.,rvic?:; ,''' ''' ' fititicthes for injuries suffered : ;pape.rs'..theY* hasi pf-t? on
? ? :SAIGON:? Political ,111-ir est i-, vi.'non. bis head bounced 1 :front .:soa.t.,. .::.--:?:.:.,-..-:,-.-_,-,,-.?,!2-,-,..:.?:?,-,',..:.1
,.....;,:, . .
,...t ln this uneasy capital. took a . against tile windshield as tha I ,.. - , .?-r- ?,,, i ' : . ? ,-,.., -2: ...,..)
. ?
.: violent . anti-American' turn , chlver- braked sharply- to .a ?,..-n.-, ..f.' -',,Y.'..-'?"----"-:?-'-'?'1:-'-', ?''': ,''-::.
; S.a. t u r d a yLl.-kut tirietitened ' stol.,5 when the, van was hit by ,:.:'"::.;11.al ".',3f.3 '10 'it i."1 ,;:it 1'c.,'?-61-% '?
. .
i. .... , ;c-1.'ycrs felt wv..5. comyrkfi.),1-1.=.
i,.1)1.?4;f? Cic-.1"i1011Sif.'atiOns a gain,f3C, ' thc' firobOinb. AnotTiar sailol'
r. .31! no s i dp.fl:t.:.:-Nguven. Van !.. Was treated for -minor 'injv.- 1. ..1.11e 'restra.int, ? Nietla mese -
l'hieit'S Oct. 3 One,-Ji.ia-a.- pais:* rieS ?after bo.ing knocked to : tomb n;[; Police. (1)-(;)%ea 'C O.? to
"i.
t- 540atial ' election.-:'- failed to 1. .the ground. . : . . ::-.? :-,1-?:.: say:lents. with -.cer..it ge,s. ,,--re,...?,:, :
LinalterialiZC, . ' ? ' ?" i ?' - I J p to nuW, the students on- ',' Odes ?whil-- ? ?SaigaA.
. .
. - .,
i?-..-'-.One ..,Amcrican -. rdr, 1.,,,11-., . parently intended no 1-_,ilysi- , kript tranje movii)g. . ,..-? ."..1
Wounded . by gunfire, -r- ,. ' ? cH harm in 1'1, Americans, '.. '-. Al point,one.".' -0' -
a 1.-...,L1 k..f.; 0:11?': ,.:
.. .
...
.61.1 . up . and? tour Atricti?s; 1:-.! ? (s.1".PLY riakecl cars. .--.??:::?4 . the air, . to drive' away the ..i
Avete - fia.,, 1.-minb, c y ...khe ne,w 0,3tbrealt of vi o- ! ' cumvd ? and student j2 Li ? ,
.,,
?? by (roving bands of sou. I. ; ? lellau -sharply -underscored.. '.mingling ,,,h'ith, the curftms;...
,,.. , .sc, stud: 1 laciica, , : fthe.U..S. military command's '?-...- No .050 w,,,,s, iniyred (ii I,
i'Vietnarle -- t ? .
The.' GI \vas shot in - -,- `. - N.g ..ce"c 1-11 civ(?I':this action... - . '. -: - ? - - - -: ; ?
wer.,3 hciriEt, satisfied to set fire to ...cer ...;everal shots:into:::
L. riTri :17
: late- ,..riday night as l e cf-daSed a nti-AmeriPan 'i n,,-.1- .?: ? ilia.' 1:-LS? Ai?' iny ' r s
ta 0..
' .
. .r.,,?....N.t-,.o ;
va?:-.1valkin from the. 11".:% . :. dents: ? Earlier in P.i'Nfpno. 4., ' cxnbrts arsivir.,, C-:.a.fh,,:i U0 1"
Atirry's 3-cd. Plaid I.Iopit t - ,. . , '-' " L" ' ' asked to hortn,-w o?-?-? P.'
'il.War Tan Son. 1\lhut Ai'll-.K1,??:,cen'ral- Yietnanl, a GI Orly': ! -,- fro-.1-1 ,new:,:.-r:,e.:d. bV.i.'''..,',..o -'?:;???.in-,"'.1
i., to aiLs ban.:, ,,,,s, ms comt, I:. flec, for his life as a Victumff. ? ,iin?ing into a cik-i.x.1 of :;i:p 1
.., . 1
?0 1, ox,,other Ci who 1,,,,,a5 ,on , . e,c mob. gleefully burnc-!d his ' ?fq-1,7 ".L
? "
all!rt; ' said it ViD ShOtS We. '; . j6P': - - - '.? - ? -,...'. i':. :.- '''''':'-'-''''''' ? '''''''-1 -.-'' '''f-:-:?'''''''':)-':2-.1
question is libWine.ttch
sps:d by on, two nenclaF: ?.:?il:01er; vie, can keep env '
11E-, ,four gat? and .:innder, cont7,r?ol. ill the face (Y .
"there was p17 evocations," 'said ;
wer;2, stlideS.ts.U S Cu> 11 01 ICC 1 So fa r,
,..A U S Navy (7,11 i p c out boy i; have for _the, MC:
!: died a. fo,?,,, 4ays cadior ???part; kept their coel,' but
'hUt;. che Nva,s. evau,atecl to , just dc.11't think it's fah,'
for troz:ament of 1.11.u.ns people they are here to
1:isuf or o d when ha vlas s;noulcl -attack.' tliam,".
;?ttranzd in a parked pinup .': The '-::-students apparicatly
?
3;, u viivich was; fire tactics to hit-and- ;
boinbed? in ? front of .? 1.1.S. 100tmi C':On American ve.:?";
Navy licaclquartars. 'aItir- their .t.hreatervA
? -.?`' ' ? ? 30c.1...- 3 '01ecro.). Iet?
all Cl if drive to :','biock ? the':
? ' The 'four. ...sailors wore ? CII- -aff 6.6 , ?-?
!tacked at- the same spbt T , ?
When their Va ll was lire ,
bombed by st.uctents at Iloon The ':livefkast': action took
Sc ttirdsy P2Vt On '.1 ci Van Duyet. ;
iu the sailors scrambled. '.)fteE-1:," 310'0r :the. Caraljadialt
out of the-1y burninp. vehicla, : cialhas:3Y, 'Where three
ithay 11-31ai.tacl;r:d 11-ICan cars and a Scal-lt
Vi 1
dents vilialclinf, s'..on.:2.s; and .Policq 3"ecl) 1731*0
?
.
; botilos,:the mr.i-Aots- pod, 21)u.rnecl a . .
couple .of. ?
STATINTL
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000200150001-6
Approved For Releaselitt#:
"'Tr!) ( -141 ?7,0r-t1 ?,'-t; -..... C-?,171,e7 7 ri ..???D -:-7 -?:-? -i?,,,1?????,- . " ?j/' r.-i. ,74 _..T ,,,,, ri 7
,_,....1,,..,,,, ?4,1? 4 j_.../ .. ?-?:).? - - ' 1...:y LI N: +.4. q, . V.,:: ?:::,..) I..f, ..4._1' ? . cl t). Cl.:1 lf '
{
? ? By J011?,C P.. WALLACH
.-.- Wens American allow the U. S. government,
- ' Washington Bureau ? ? whenever. convenient, fo deny
association with RFE policies.
. WASHINGTON F o r?ra ri
American staffers f Radio Free '
Europe (RIEE) are prepared to;
testify,in Congress that they .1-1ad
to sig,n, an 'oath refusing to divulge
multimillion dollar Central In1 the bill. It would allow transfer-,
telligence Agency, (CIA) bank: ring the $33 million annual subsidy
rolling of BYE on penalty of a! from secret CIA coffers to the
maximum S1.0,000 fine and 1.0-year open, congressional appropriation
prison sentence. . ? . process.
-
. .
This and other disclosures, E. A WI INISTI LT( ON review
source's close to Sen. Clifford P.. is considered so sensitive that the i
Case cautioned today,. could White House_ has ordered it take I
seriously embarrass the Nixon! place in the Supersecret ."Forty
administration'if it decides to take, Committee," also known as the:
an'uncooperative approach to the -Covert Action Group," - I
Senate Foreign Relations
mittpe hearings, .scheduled to:
Although chaired by National
begin on 'April 23. Security Council chief Dr. Henry
: .
Kissinger', the mcchanistii. is trial
CASI?1- BAS spearheaded a? only when a Subject- is considered;
Senate drive to-strip RFE of what too hot - to go to the President
he chaiiied in a recent speech ,through regular SC channels.
were subsidies of "several hull- The Chief Executive is known!
clued. million dollars" from "se- ,to have had personal ties .to 5ev-1
cret" CIA funds which, the New eral of 1.RFE's most prominent,
I
Jersey. ? Republican contended, backers and to have strong icle1-1
j
have for 20 years made up *lost . ; ings about RFEi's iulportance int
the entire FIFE budget. Europe.
divulges ithe- Information he t)-
. comes liable for the 'maximum
i-un'shment under Section 1$3 (D),
Congressional sources stress
1 Title 0, of the U. S. Code. -
that funding the corporation would This ,section prosceribes penal-
not involve any new money since I ties up to $10,000 a-nd 1.0 years in
the government already is footing prison, for`the ':communication of
classified information' by govern-
ment officer or employee." ?
..? .
. In an attempt to force REE and, - Case's bill, which proposed'
MoSeow-beaming Radio Liberty ; amending the Information
(Rh) to quit the protetise or acting Education Act to provide funds for I
as "private" organi-,ations relying , RFE, has attracted bipartisan I
solely .on voluntary contributions, 'support from several senators,,
Case introduced legislation in. ! including. Harold I legits, D-Iowa,"
February ,to have both propagan- ' Jacob H. Javits, R-N. Y. and ..J.-
..d,.), agencies funded through direct, William-Fulbright, D-Ark. .
acknowledged congressional ap-
propriations. . . - . They arc prepared.to press the
--' issue as an example of the loss of
Case has announced his inten- -congressional .control over U. S.
tion to call to testify leading ad- foreign policy.. ?- .
ministration_ ' officials reportedly ?
Including Secretary of State CASE WAS understood . to be
William P. Rogers, Secretary of ready' to call former RFE.staffers
Defense Melvin Laird and CIA to testify that the CIA regularly
Director-Richard Helms., assigned agents to two-year tours
? .
of duty at FIFE headquarters in
TIIE ADMINISTRATIDN,Is ex- Munich, and that they mas:
amining, a series 'of options. rang- queraded as acreditcd hews cor-
ing from fighting to maintain the me s p on den t a of; Information-
status quo, which could turn the gathering missions ' all over
hearings into a parade of dis- Eastern Europe., . .
n
closures about .the .extent of CIA , ?I
1 voter Americam ernployees 1,,, eye
Involvement, . to congressional
sooner or later. requstited to sign a
?fanding, in much the same man, v ,st.tper making, -them privy to th.....,
nor . as the Voice of 4riteriea ,
'CIA connection, sources close to.
(VOA) is financed. ? ? - - f !CaSci diseloscd. ? . . . .The'most workable compromise . , .
public corporation to run nFE.
The sloCument, they said, info;'-
now appears to be setting op a med the Americans that FIFE was
a "project" of the CIA, that thc t . ? ? .
lApOttiVeidTroilketease,2001 /03t04 ?:001A-RPP80-01601 R000200150001 -6
.iThe cor
by Congre...s tut WOU retain acially" informed and that if he
semi.-private character that would; . ? - ' ' ? ? .....
STATI NTL