FORMER RAMPARTS PUBLISHER HAS NEW RADICAL IDEA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01601R000100230001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 51
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 9, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 3, 1972
• Content Type: NSPR

I IA I IN I L
Approved For Release 200t1ri3m4mcimipin0-01 601
3 DF.0 1972
Former Ramparts Publisher Has New Radical Idca
? WPM to The New Tart Timm
MENLO PARK, Calif., Dec. 2
?Edward M. Keating, whose
Ramparts magazine was in the
vanguard of the early antiwar
movement, is working on a
comeback as a radical thinker.
Ramparts in the mid-sixties
Is credited or blamed for the
radicalization of many young
a/people with articles about Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency fund-
ing of the National Student
Association, Green Beret tor-
ture techniques, Senator Frank
Church's early opposition to
the Vietnam war and others.
By his. own account, Mr.
'Keating poured $860,000 into
Ramparts, which grew in cir-
culation from a few thousand
to 238,000 at the time of his
ouster in April, 1967:
? "They kidnaped my baby,"
said Mr. Keating, who is still
bitter over his ouster. The
magazine later went into bank-
ruptcy, but is now being pub-
lished under different owner-
ship.
Nearly insolvent now, and
forgotten by those who once
hung on his every spoken and
printed word, the former pub-
lisher Is writing a book on the
nature Of man. It will put forth
"the most radical thesis in the
history of mankind," said Mr.
Keating, who was trained as a
lawyer and real estate developer
rather than a publisher or
anthropologist.
Man, Mr. Keating believes, is
an instinctively arboreal; or
tree-dwelling, creature whose
ancestors were forced by the
drying-up of forests billions of
'years ago to switch to a ter-
restrial, or land-dwelling, mode.
'It is the conflict between
man's arboreal instincts and
the hostile environment of the
land that accounts for war,
tacism, pollution and many
Trie New Yor Times
Edward M. Keating
other of man's woes, Mr. Keat-
ing argues. .
Land dwelling, Mr. Keating
contends, has forced man to
become a hunter engaged in a
lonely pursuit that causes anx-
iety about time as he seeks
meat to eat before he starves
or attempts to earn enough
money to meet the monthly
mortgage payment . on his
mansion.
Furthermore, Mr. Keating
says, roan is subconsciously
seeking to return to his former
paradisiacal state by creating
neo-arborea in which the
physical attributes of contem-
porary life, such as high-rise
buildings, television and plastic
credit cards, would still exist,
but in which man would some-
how conquer the time anxiety
imposed by the hunt.
Mr. Keating said he developed
his thesis after pondering re-
cent political events in this
seems to follow the pattern of
Mr. Keating's own life over the
last decade..
In 1962, Mr. Keating was a
wealthy roan living in heavily
wooded Atherton, Calif. That
year he began Ramparts as
a five-times-a-year journal . of
intellectual Roman Catholic
thought and dissent. It became
a monthly in 1964.
As a publisher, Mr. Keating
was forced to meet production
deadlines and to hunt for more
and More funds to prop up the
money-losing publication. After
his ouster as publisher in 1967,
he faded into obscurity.
Today, at the age of 47 years,
he is a self-styled scholar wile
sets his own work schedule and
spends much of his time in a
bedroom that he uses as a study
in his modest, yellow wood
frame home.
Asked about the Keating
thesis, two anthropologists, Dr.
Sherwood Washburn of the
University of California at
Berkeley and Dr. David Pilbean
of Yale University, said they.
did not believe it was scien-
tifically sound.
"It sounds to me like non-
sense," Dr. Pilbean stated. "But
it isn't provable nonsense be-
cause we don't have time ma-
chines to take us back."
He added that "a lot of things
that seem instinctive to us are
culturally learned."
"Man has been on the ground
for a long time and the develop-
ment of the large brain has
come since he was on the
ground," Dr. Washburn said.
He said this would probably
rule out the influence today of
instincts in man's ancestors of
millions of years ago, a point
that is central to Mr. Keating's
thesis.
Prof. Eldon D. Earnhardt, a
country, but the outline also friend of Mr. Keating's who obsession with time, he said,
teaches anthropology at Cafiada
Junior College in Redwood
City, Calif., said he thought the
30-page thesis warranted fur-
ther inquiry.
"I don't know how credible
Ed's thesis is," Mr. Earnhardt
stated. But, he added, "if you
look at his data and you are
a layman he is going to have
credibility."
Talk of Mr. Keating's thesis
keeps party guests enraptured
for hours. The thesis is "like
eating peanuts ?one question
always leads to another," Mr.
Keating said.
"The most universal myth of
all is of the paradaisical pest
when man was at one with
nature, where he did not have,
to work for a living, where
there was total sexual freedom
and where there was no aware-
ness of death," Mr. Keating
said.
"The next most universal
factor is nostalgia or home-
sickness. We all want to go back
to that existence. There would
be no desire to go back to some-
thing that has no basis in fact,"
he added. -
When man's arboreal an-
cestors lived in accord with
their instincts in the trees, they
ate berries and fruit and let
the remnants and excrctia drop
to the ground. Therein, Mr.
Keating said, is the explana-
tion of "why man can't stop
pollution. He has no instinct
against soiling the nest. For
two million years he has been
trying unsuccessfully to de-
velop the habit of tidiness." ;
Once Mr. Keating's study on
arborea led him into a tree to.
see what life there was like. He,
said it restored his sense of
"appropriateness and belong-
ing." It also bored him. What.
he believes is man's learned
incomplete
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FLDERATION OF AMERICAN SCIENTISTS NEWSIgTTER
Dec 1912
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THE INTELLIGENC,E COMMUNITY: TIME FOR REVIEW?
, The intellieence community, and its budget, pose many
problems of traditional concern to the Federation of Amer-.
. ican Scientists: governmental - reform, morality, proper'
use of high technology, and defense expenditures. In the
last quarter century, intelligence agencies have prolifer?
ated. The United States has established an agency which
goes beyond intelligence collection and, periodically, inter-
feres in the internal affairs- of other nations. Technology
suited to the invasion of national and personal privacy
has been developed apace. And the $4 to $6 billion being
spent for intelligence might well be termed the largest ?
"unreviewed" part of the defense budget. .
4
Twenty-five years after the passage of the National -Se-
curity Act of 1947, it seems a good time to consider the
problems posed by these developments. .-
Of least concern in terms of its budget but of over-riding In any case, at the urging of Allen Dulles, the Nationa
significance in its international political impact, is the Di-
Security Council issued a secret.di,rective (NSC 10/2) 1,
? rectorate of Plans of CIA, within which clandestine polid- 1948, authorizing such special Operations of all kinds
cal operations are mounted. This is the issue discussed in provided they were secret and small enough to be pausibi
this newsletter. More and more, informed observers quo- ?deniable by the Government, ,
tion whether clandestine political operations ought to be ?Even this, authority has been exceeded since several im
continued on a "business- as usual" basis. In the absence possible-to-deny operation's have .bcen undertaken: in
'of an investigation, a 'secret bureaucracy?which started U-2 fliFbt, the Bay of Pigs invasion, the Iranian Coup, th
in the Office of Strategic Services during a hot war and Laotian War, and so on. . -. ?
which grew. in the CIA during a cold war?may simply The National Security Act? gave the CIA no "polic
continue to practice a questionable trade. ? subpoena, law enforcement powers, or internal securit
Clandestine "dirty tricks" have their .costs not only' functions ? .." But another secret Executive Branch doeu
? -abroad but at home, where they are encouraged only too Merit evidently did give the CIA. authority to engage i
easily.. And ? is not interference in the affairs of other domestic operations related to its job. It was under ti.
? nations wrong?. ? ? authority that such ' organizations as foundations, ed ilea-
? 'tional organizations, and private voluntary groups were
Two decades ago, as the cold war gained momentum, involved with the CIA at the time of the National Student \I
one of America's greatest political scientists, Harold D., Association revelations (1966).. '
1.asswell, wrote a comprehensive and prophetic book, The "white" part of CIA is. in a sense, a cover for the
"National Security and Individual Freedom." He warned "black". side. CIA supporters and officials invariably ern-
of the "insidious .menace" that a continuing crisis might phasize the intelligence, rather than the ? maitipnia;..an
- "undermine and eventually destroy free institutions." We function of CIA, ignoring the latter or using phrase., t?..it
would see, he predicted: ?pressure for defense expendi- gloss over it quietly. The public can easily accept the de-
tures, expansion and centralization of Government, with- siiability of knowing as much as possible. Bin its instincts
holding of information, general stispicion, an undermining oppose doing abroad what it would not tolerate at home.
of press and public opinion, :a weakening. of political And it rightly fears that injustices committed abroad may
parties, a decline of the .Congress, and of the courts. ' begin to he tolerated at home: how many elections can
b
...
.:Today, with the Cold War waning, it seems in order toe fixed abroad before we begin to try it here? The last
reexamine our institutions, goals and standards, Which can standards.
election showed such a degeneration of traditional Amen-
responses to the emergency of yesterday can we justify . . .
Jtoday? D The. present. Director of Central intelligence, Richard
4 d The National Security Act of 1 created the Centra ? Helms, is working hard and effectively at pres-enting an
.947 l
image of CIA that will not offend. In a malt speech, %e
Intelligence Agency and gave it overall responsibility for ;aid:
coordinating the intelligence activities of the several rele- . ?.
vant government departments and agencies interested in . "The same objectivity which makes us useful to (no
shell matters. Today, a quarter century later, CIA is re- ? government and our country leaves us uncomfortabb:
? -
ported to have a budget of about $700-million SI- aware of our ambiguous place in it.. .., We propose tc
to - ? .
1
)illion and a staff of erhaps 18,000 people, or abont
adapt intelligence to American society, not vice versa.' p
!1,000 more than the Department. of State! (This ad-. ' Even construed narrowly,.this iS. no easy job, and adapt-
vantage in size gives CIA an edge in interdepartmental ina clandestine political operations to American ideals may
.,
tneetings for which, for example, others may be too rushed well be quite impossible. .? I ' .
to folly prepare or not be able to assign a suitable person.). At the time of the Bay of Pigs, President Kennedy eavk
,serious. consideration to breaking
f
The National *Security Act authorized CIA to; ' CIA into two pieces:
.
' r!efiN jE rle e vAgbetoikliint rnwouli.,
"perform l'f)r- clic beim, ft ,of he ex's It g 1",UlliNC,ILC IftISNAWHIEROTYCI. 90. figti f/W4I9 te -i9videni
JapproVeg. For )Releae 20.0,1/03/0
arencies such additional services of common concern a
the National Security Council determines can he mote
effectively accomplished centrally; ?
"perform such other functions and duties related to
intelligence affecting the national security as the Na-
tional Security Council may from time to time direct.".
(italics added) . ,
? "
These clauses clearly authorize clandestine intelligenc
collection but they are also used, to justify clandestine pci
litical operations. However, overthrowing governments
secret wars, assassination, and fixing elections are cer
tainly not done "for the benefit of the existing intelligenc
agencies" nor are they duties "related to intelligence.'
Someday a court may rule that ,political activities are no
authorized..
411
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REP/ YORK REVIEW OF BOOKS
Approved For Release 2001/0310143PIARRDP80-016
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I.
On June 1 of this year an official of the
US Central Intelligence 'Agency paid a visit
to the New York offices of my publisher,
Harper and Row, Inc. This CIA officW was
Mr. Cord. Meyer, Jr. (now the CIA's Assist-
ant Deputy Director of Plans; formerly the
CIA official dn charge of providing covert
financial 'subsidies for organizations such as
the ? National Student Association, En.
'counter Magazine, and the Congress for
?'Cultural Freedom).1 Mr. Meyer urged sev-
,eral of his old friends among Harper and
Row's senior management to provide him
with a copy of . the galley proofs of. my
history .of the international narcotics traf-
,/ tic, The Politics of Heroin in Southeast
U Asia. In this book I show the .complicity
of various US igencies?particularly the CIA
and (to State Department?in organizing
the SoUtheast Asian drug traffic since the
early 1950s. ?
?Mr. Meyer presented one .of harper and
Row's senior editors with some documents
giving .the CIA's view on . the Southeast
Asian drug traffic. His manner was grave.
-lie said,: "You ,wouldn't want to publish a
book that would be full of inaccuracies:
embarrass tht United ,States government, or
get you involved in libel suits, would
you?" .
Harper and Row's manageinent promised
to' consider Mr. Meyer's request and sum-
moned me from Washington, DC, where 1
was then testifying before the Senate
? Appropriations Committee on my findings
? after eighteen months .of research into the
Southeast Asian drug traffic. This research
included more than 250 interviews with
heroin dealers, police officials, and intelli-
gence agents in Europe and Asia.
' ?
At a meeting in New York on the
afternoon of June 8, Harper and Row'
president, Mr. Winthrop Knowlton, and . its
senior vice president,- Mr. B. Brooks
Thomas, told me that they. had decided to
provide the CIA with a copy of the galley
proofs 'prior to publication for the follow-
ing reasons:
? First, the CIA would be less likely to
seek a temporary , court 'injunction barring
publication of the book if the Agency were
given, a chance to persuade itself that
national security was in no way endangered
by portions of my book; and secondly,
.Harper and Row felt that a responsible
??publisher should have enough confidence in
Alfred W: McCoy
the galley proofs to the CIA could set a
dangerous precedent and ultimately weaken
First , Amendment guarantees concerning
freedom of the press. Moreover, in view of
what I had learned of the CIA's operating
methods in Southeast Asia I was convinced
that the Agency was. capable of using
unethical means?such as coercing my
sources into retracting statements they had
made to me about US complicity in the
international narcotics traffic?in order to
induce Harper and Row to withdraw the
book from publication.
After a week of negotiations, however,
Harper and Row told me that they would
not be N'villing to publish the book unless I
agreed to submit the manuscript to the
CIA. Faced with what I believed would be
lengthy delays if I took the book to
another publisher and the prospect of
losing my Harper and Row editor, Elisa-
beth Jakab, with whom I had worked
closely, I capitulated. ? Thus began more
than 'two months of lengthy negotiations
between the CIA, Harper and Row, and.
myself.. Most of what happened during
these elaborate negotiations is in the corre-
.spondence reprinted belov. have added
introductory notes to explain some of , the
attending circumstances. I ?
onsidered collectively, this. exchange of
letters provides us with another important
reminder?perhaps the first since the Na-'
Ilona' Student Association scandals ..of
I967?of the contempt this most clan-
destine of our governmental agencies has
for the integrity of the press and publish-
Mg 'industry. As the CIA's letter of Jul'
28, 1972, shows, it was unable to rebut
effectively my analysis of its role in the
international heroin traffic during the last
quarter century. Since the CIA simply?had
no plausible defense against this charge, it
.iried to impose prior censorship in order to
avoid public scrutiny of its record. If it
was not already clear, it now should be
obvious to publishers that the Agency
cannot be regarded as a responsible critic
when its pubjic image is seriously threat-
ened by what is. written about it..
IT
STATI NTL
and Row by stating categorically that it
could rebut all' .my charges about its
complicity in the international narcotics
traffic. We were surprised, however, that
the CIA made no reference to "national
security" as one of its concerns in.request-
ing to review the manuscript. Rather, the
Agency made its request purely on grounds
of government privilege.
? Central Intelligence Agency
Washingtob, D.C. 20505
5. July 1972
Mr. B. Brooks Thomas
Harper & Row, Publishers, Inc.
Dear Mr. Thomas:
Mr. Cord Meyer has asked me to
respond to your letter to him of June 30th
in connection with the book, The Politics
of Heroin in Southeast Asia, by Alfred W.
McCoy.
As you are no doubt aware, Mr. McCoy
testified on 2. June 1972 before the
Foreign Operations Subcommittee of the
Senate Appropriations Committee. His teAi-
mony included allegations concerning .sup-
?: port of the international opium traffic by.
U, S. agencies, including the Central Intel-
, ? - ligence Agency, and numerous other allega-
.
.1 ?
In this letter, Written after Cord Meyer, tions concerning participation in tile opium
d
Jr.'s visit, Harper and Row asked the CIA local per-
traffic by both Americans an
for official confirmation of their interest in. sonnel in Southeast Asia.
the voracity of any of its particularly seeing the book. Since the CIA had ,never
controversial books to show them to any, before been quite so willing to defend
reputable critic for comment prior to itself publicly, neither Harper and Row nor
In the light of the pernicious nature of
the drug traffic, allegations concerning in-
volvement of the U. S: Government therein
fMwwa k citizensIr
iir nlad
ORIVal
publication. Apgroved For hReledseeP20431f0136SY'MA0RDP130zOcs(g.
'.At first f disagr stiongly with arper Agency.
and Row's decision, arguing that submitting
evidence., It is our belief that no reputable
,C On?r?
Approved For Releasen20011113104We1ZRDP80-01
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Vi I
A virtual news blackout has been .
declared by the nation's press concerning ?
the major legal challenges that have been
launched against: the Central Intelligence
Agency.
The August 10 filing of a suit in Wash-
ington against CIA Director Richard Helms
and other-government officials was a mat-
ter of court record and easily accessible to
the news media. In addition? a news re-
lease containing essential facts about the..
story was hand delivered to the Washing-. .
ton Post, the Evening Star, the Associated
Press and United Press International.
? A week later, not one line concerning .
it had appeared anywhere in the country.
..; n P.1
\-f? -.0,a-?;1'
ba?U n (777
v-taa."
*Special to the Virginia Weekly
America's "invisible government,V the
Central Intelligence (CIA), owes its exist-
ence to a piece of legislation that is uncon-
stitutional.
This is the likely import of'recent ac- ?
tions in Federal Courts in Washington and
Philadelphia.
In a suit filed August 10;in the-U.S.
.District Court for the District of Coluin-
bia, three Washingtoni ii challenged the
secrecy PgAY tigtraftse
113
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II.
1 ii.Q11,?""'. I, L El
Earlier this year on July 20, an i!,' port-
ant decision in the U.S. Third Circ
Court of Appeals guaranteed that th:: CIA
would be brought to court on a challenge
that had been in process since 1968.
America' i; greatest newspaper "of record"
the New York Times, ig,mired the story,
as did the Washington Evening Stir and
most other papers. The Washington' Post
?' carried the story as a small item on page
ten. ,
It was confirmed that editors were well
aware of the story and its importance.
A call to one of Washington's two dail-
ies produced this comment from a leading
reporter: "You can call it a 'press con-
spiracy' if you like, but we're not going to
Print it and I'm sure no one else is either.".
The Washington suit followed closely
a trail-blazing decision on July 20 of this
year by ihc U.S. Third Circuit Court of
Appeals in Philadelphia. In that decision
a majdrity of the court. held that there
was a serious legal question concerning
the 'constitutionality of the CIA act of
1949 which established a secret procedure
for financing the agency.
A VIRTUALLY IGNORED CLAUSE ?
Both court cases arc 1).am:A on a VirtuaBY
ignored clause of the United S61tes Con-
stitution specifically requiring that "a.
regular Statement and Account of the
Receipt and Expenditures of all public
money shall be published from time to
time." The CIA act of 1949 just as expli-
citly states '!...Sums made available to
The spy agency receives somewhere
between four and twenty billion dollars
each year in public funds (how much is.a
closely guarded secret) that arc carefully
hidden throughout the appropriations
figures for the entire federal government.
The new suit also asks for a state-by-
state and nation-by-nation breakdown of
.CIA expenditures, as well as separating
.the money into, categories by functions.
CIA Director Richard Helms and Eliot
Richardson, Secretary of the Departnlent
of Health, Education and Welfare are
brought into the local suit.
2ctinifs:firtie4,n160plyng,91 R000100230001-8
regar gr o ic provIsi s G er
..funds."
co. nti ,c1
Approved For Release 2001St3T/fArdIAARDP80-0.1
20 AUG 1972
ACTIVISM RENEWED
By WILLIAM DELANEY
Star-News Staff Writer' -
If the nation's protest-weary,
college students have slipped
back into a tuned-out apathy,
as some observers have
claimed, Margery Tabankin
'hasn't heard of it.
? For despite the lack of
1960s-style campus uprisings
during the past year, the
once-muscular National Stu-
dent Association has been qui-
etly stretching ourfor some of
its old. strength among activist
student leaders.
"This convention is evidence
that there is no trend toward
apathy," Miss Tabankin crisp-
ly observed between sessions
of NSA's 25th annual congress
last Week on the Catholic Uni-
versity campus.
She is the outgoing president
of the NSA, succeeded by Tim
Higgins, former University of
Wisconsin student body presi-
dent, who was elected yester-
day 163 to 90. ?
. "We have people here from
570 colleges 100 more than
last year," she said, adding
that such dropout NSA affili-
ates as Stanford, Ohio State,
Yale and Harvard are once
again represented among the
delegates.or observers.
? 'In a Different Way'
These prodigals are return-
ing to the NSA fold, she said,
because. of a renewed interest
atnong student activists in the
nitty-gritty "skills" discussed
at scores of convention work-
shops ? how to conduct
voter-registration drives on
campus, how to set up finan-
cially independent s tudent
governments, how Students
can servo as consumer advo-
cates, thew to get gyncological
care offered in campus infir-
maries.
"Back 'in 1968, 1969, Owe
was so much happening on a
?
ail
STATI NTL
lot of campuses that the stu-
dents felt they didn't need
NSA, that we couldn't catch up
with what was going on local-
ly," recalled Miss Tabankin, ?a
1970 graduate of the Universi-
ty of Wisconsin.
"Now, students are just as
involved as they ? were back
then (in the days of mass dem-
onstrations), but they're work-
ing in a different way, imple-
menting the changes that the
kids in the late 60s made way
for. . ."
Despite this interest, howev- ?
er, NSA still has not reached
the 600-affiliate strength it en-
joyed before the revelation in
1966 that the Central Intelli-
gence Agency had secretly
been paying some of NSA's
bills, with foundations serving
as CIA fund conduits.
Its credibility and financial
health severely damaged, NSA _
found itself with a half-
million-dollar debt and only
about 400 campus affiliates as
the antiwar movement picked
op momentum.
"Probably the proudest
thing NSA has done, despite
its problems through the
years, is. to produce leader-
ship," Miss Tabankin says.
"Tom Hayden, Rennie Davis,
Jesse Jackson, Sam Brown,
Allard Loewenstein ? all of
them, at one time or another,
ran for office in the NSA."
Through the heyday of the
radical antiwar leaders ap-
pears to be past, NSA contin- ?
ues to speak for a distinctly.
left-of-center constituency.
A student-conducted ' poll of
delegates registering for the
current NSA congress showed
82 percent favoring McGovern
for president, 12 percent fa- ?
voring President Nixon and
the rest split among others,
according to Miss Tabankin.
She notes, however, that the
chairman of the NSA congress
steering committee, 'Allen
McGary of Newark State, is a
New Jersey worker for the
C o in mit tee for the Re-
Election of the President ?
"our house Republican," she
adds.
Because. of NSA's ? tax-
exempt status, the -organiza-
tion' cannot legally endorse po-
litical candidates.
But Miss Tabankin says she
Senses an "overwhelming"
personal commitment to the
McGovern campaign among
the NSA delegates, and ex-
pects the campaign to be the
"consuming" interest on U.S.
campuses this fall.
Having herself returned
from a trip to North Vietnam
earlier this year, Miss Taban-
kin says she's tentatively plan-
ning to work with actress Jane
Fonda after retiring from the
NSA" 'presidenc,y this week-
end, "constantly raising the
issue of the war." ?
"We're pretty much the only
game in town now," says Miss
Tabankin, noting the demise of
other major national student
groups in recent years.
She proudly reports that
NSA's nagging indebtedness
has been pared down to about
$38,000 and will be paid off by
Jan. 1 with income from NSA
endorsements of student insur-
ance plans, car-rental plans in
Europe, and other enterprises.
Most of its $160,000-a-year
operating budget conies from
grants from the Ford, Field,
New World and other founda-
tions, she says.
And she dreams of an NSA
income of several million dol-
lars in a few years if?student
governments can become fi-
nancially independent of Col-
lege administrations and split
student-paid dues with the na-
tional organization.
"Student governments have
always used NSA as a central
source for ideas and "re-
sources, many of them coming
out of topical workshops like
these at this convention,"
Miss Tabankin says.
"We have survived, and suc-
ceeded, because Of our
,
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STATINTL
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Approved For Release 2001/0X0kt CI4RDP80-01601R00010
'Businessman Named Dean at Columbia
Harvey Picker Will Head 1,
Appointee Had to Give Up
Foreign Affairs School L Quest for a Doctorate
By M. A. FARBER
A 56-year-old business execu-
tive who dropped out of a
graduate program in political
science at Columbia University
in 1966 has been appointed
dean of the university's School
of International Affairs. ?
Harvey Pciker, who was not
forgotten by his professors afte
business pressures forced him
to give up his doctoral studies
will succeed Dr. Andrew W.
Cordier as dean on Aug. 1,
the university announced yes-
terday.
Dr. Cordier, a former Under
Secretary General of the United
Nations, was named dean in
1962 and served as president
of Columbia in the aftermath
of the student disorders in
1968.
. Mr. Picker has long been
interested in foreign relations
and has held a number of
government appointments, not-
ably member-ship on the Na-
tional Science Board and on
the American delegation to the
International Atomic Energy
Commission.
In 1970, he resigned as a
trustee of Colgate University
to accept a teaching post there,
specializing in the links be-
tween public policy and sci-
ence.
The new dean plans to con-
tinue as chairman of the board
of Picker Corporation, manu-
facturers of X-ray and nuclear
instruments. The company,
which employs about 2,000
people and has headquarters in
Cleveland, was founded by
Mr. Picker's father, Jarnes. It
has been owned by C.I.T. Fi-
nancial Corporation since 1958.
Selection Called Unusual
The selection of a dean with
limited experience in academic
or international affairs and
without an advanced degree in
his field was viewed as un
usual. "I couldn't agree more
with that" Mr. Picker said yes-
terday in a telephone inter-
view from Boston. -
But Mr. Picker was highly
praised by Dr. William J. Mc-
Gill, Columbia's president, and
by others who regard him as
a pragmatic man with a keen
sense of organization and the
reflective style and refinement
of mind often associated with
the upper reaches of university
life.
One of the good things
about Columbia is that when
talent shows itself a lumber's
Mierd
n icance, ' Dr. m.c. 1 sak
Mr. Picker, he said, is "an
extraordinary man?an admin-
Harvey Picker
istrator of unquestioned ability,
an acknowledged expert on the
relations between science, tech-
nology and government and a
public, servant whose activities
on behalf of a better world in-
dicate human qualities that are
extremely precious."
The new dean was nominated
by an official nine-metnber
committee of faculty members,
students and administrative
staff members of the school.
Two of the committee members
?Dr. Loren R. Graham and Dr.
William T. R. Fox?taught Mr.
Picker when he was a graduate
student in the mid-nineteen-
sixties, and one of them suc-
cessfully proposed Mr. Picker
as dean.
"Harvey Picker was an ex-
ceptional student," Dr. Fox re-
called, "someone who could
take theoretical material and
deal with it in terms of policy.
For six to eight years now he's
been making a deliberate move
sideways from one successful
career to another."
Associate Dean Named
Dr. Fox noted that Mr. Picker
would now be "part of a com-
plementary team" in the leader-
ship of the International Affairs
School. The other member of
the team will be Dr. Ainslee
T. Ernbree, who will succeed
the late Dr. Philip E. Moseley
as associate dean of the school.
Dr. Embree, an authority on
modern India, taught at Colum-
bia for a decade before joining
the Duke University faculty in
1969.
Mr. Picker, according to a
senior Columbia official, is ex-
pected to "come in softly" at
the school, one of the most
prestigious of its kind in the
country. "The changes he
Pa2904103tOtiMICIALR
Lee o icia remark ed:
The school, with 90 piofes-
sus who hold joint appoint-
ments elsewhere in the univers-
ity and 175 graduate students,
includes eight regional insti-1
tutes.
It is both a center of scholar-
IS; research and a training
ground for future diplomats,
acamedicians, businessmen and
others with international in-
terests--an, at times, difficult
dual role that some Columbia
officials feel should be further
clarified.
School Has Expanded
Under Dr. .Cordier's direc-
tion, the school has been con-
siderably expanded, and last
fall it moved into a new $21-
million, 15-story building at
Amsterdam Avenue and 118th
Street.
In recent years the school
was criticized by Stude,nts for
a Democratic Society for main-
taining close ties to the Gov-
ernment and for having ac-
cepted aid from the Central
Intelligence Agency between
1955 and 1967 for a research
project on Eastern European
economies. The entrances to
the school were blockaded by
students during the disturb-
ances at Columbia last April.
Mr. Picker, who has perma-
nently abandoned his pursuit
of a Ph.D. degree, said this
was "a good time for the
school to reevaluate itself.
"W estill have to be in the
business of educating all sorts
of people," he said, "but we
also have to be concerned with
such planetary issues as were
expressed at the Stockholm
conference on the environment.
International affairs must be
engaged in satisfying changing
sets of values on a world scale
?the quality of life kind of
thing."
A graduate of Colgate, Uni-
versity, Mr. Picker studied pol-
itics and philosophy at Oxford
University in 1936-37 and re-
ceived a master's degree from
the Harvard Business School
before entering the Navy .in
1940.
The new dean, who became
president of the Picker Cor-
poration in 1945, has served
O n nuclear weapons control
panels for the United Nations
Association and is a trustee of.
the Hudson Institute and Con-
necticut College. He enrolled
as a graduate student at Co;-
lumbia in 1964.
Mr. Picker's wife, Jean, has
been an alternate United States
delegate to the United Nations
ions pt91/3?1111("C*2
30001-8
7--
DAILY WORLD
Approved For Release 24411/0M4/0F. IA-RD
By PHILLIP BONOSKY
Who is Charles W. Wi-
ley?
He showed up in Sai-
gon last week and every-
body in Saigon is asking
the same question. Who
is Charles Wiley?.
It was Charles Wiley, an Ame-
rican "journalist," accredited to
the North American Newspaper
Alliance, Perth Amboy, N.J. Ev-
ening News, The National Re-
view, and the American Legion
Magazine, who said the Ameri-
can press is lying about. the
war. The Saigon puppets are win-
ning it; not losing it, he is re-
ported to have told a meeting of
top level Vietnamese officials.
Wiley is directly quoted: "The
Vietnamese Army is winning the
war, not losing it as printed in
newspapers, radio and television
in the United States."
On the basis of Wiley's "re-
port," Vu Kahn, a Saigon gov-
ernment press representative,
warned the members of the Am-
erican. press stationed in Saigon
not to "lie" anymore. Exactly
STATINTL
c Yg
c " ?
7 C.) 73 11 rill (-7
rather respec.tful.tones, they re-
ferred to Mr. Wiley's ?previous
non-newspaper activities against
busing, but said .they had connec-
tion with Mr. Wiley only in "sec-
ondary" terms. However, they
were waiting to hear what Wil-
ey might have to say about his
0
?nO
171(7-'7
L.4 [A iA 4.73 IA
"I don't see how he manages
not to get himself shot!" he said
with mixed admiration a'nd
amazement. There he was, "a
skinny little fellow," who looked
as if he never had a decent meal
in his life. What does he do?
One year he managed to slip into
Russia from the South, and trav-
el all through the country tak-
ing pictures, until he was finally
caught by the GPU, his film con-
fiscated, and put on a train for
Finland.
"But you know what? Wiley was
clever enough to hide more film
in a secret place and took it out
on, the train. Well, what could
they do? He was already in Fin-
land."
"How'd he manage to get into
Russia secretly and travel like
that?" I asked him.
"He's got gall," he said.
"Gee," I said. "it sounds just
like a movie!"
.?A Yes, it did, said the editor,
and added that Wiley had been
in lots of Communist countries
as an "antagonist" newsman. But
still, said he, "I wouldn't say
? he Was accredited."
So whom in the world did
Charles Wiley really belong to.?
It's 'n'ot that .easy to pin down.
Digging into old files, you come
across a trail that leads into
many strange places.
Fr instance, a Charles Wiley
showed up at .the World Youth
Festival in Vienna, in 1959, and
then in 1960, he?or someone
with his name?was arrested in
Camaguey, ? Cuba, where he
claimed to be working as a.
"free-lance ? reporter," 'and was
expelled.
bune and moved. out of I erth he was waiting for Mr. Wiley to In 1960, he and a self-confess-
Amboy to Woodbridge. Wiley show up to tell him what he'd ed FBI agent, Herb Bomerstein,
did not belong to them, a spokes- seen in Saigon. No, he wouldn't showed up before the House Un-
man said. say Mr. Wiley was accredited American Activities Committee
Buckley's magazine to the magazine?anyhow, "he in Washington, where Wiley testi-
At the National Review, Wil- has no paper" from the maga- lied that the world peace and
liam Buckley's magazine, the zinc saying so. But he admired
youth movements were "corn--
spokesman there demurred. at
Mr. Wiley's exploits very much muni st-con trolled."
the suggestion that Mr. Wiley,,
and had 'had dealings with him Two years later, he was at
whorn they well
knew cr ,eP?"gTh' in the past. Helsinki at the Youth Festival,
was- "agpr-piletve rorkerease 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R0090199M001-8
nni
??;.-?
The real Charles Wiley at the Com-
modore Hotel in New York City
what would happen to them if in 1970.
' they kept on "lying," he didn't trip to Saigon.
say but left the threat hanging. At the North American News-
But .who is Charles W. Wiley paper Alliance, a spokesman
whose word is so important to there said: "No, he is not ac-
Saigon and whose opinion can credited." He added, however,
be used as a club against the that Wiley had also been at their
press? What kind of a newspaper offices before leaving for Saigon
reporter is he really?' and had dickered with them
I called the magazines and about accreditation. But no, all
newspapers mentioned in the they'd agree to ? was to take a_
New York Times dispatch of story from him if it really turn-
June- 21, to which Wiley is de- ed out to be a "big" one. But
scribed as being "accredited." .they didn't feel he ought to be
Right off, I found that no Perth described as being "accredited."
. Amboy Evening News existed? Waiting for Wiley
hasn't existed since 1963, when But at the American Legion
it . was sold to the News-Tri- Magazine, the. editor there said
%..) inI II'I
,IAIINIL
BOSTON, MASS.
Approved For 1Release 2001/03104: CIA-RDP80-01601
GLOBE
JUN 4197?
m ? 237,967
S ? 566.377
.,
,-Ex-CIA man will give Whit,,
-. ,.
y Fred Pillsbury
E!- , I 1 , co
. .
-' Globe Staff 0 0
., WASHINGTON ? For
e Months Robert Kiley, a 37-
ee
...year-old former Central
,
if,Intelligence Agency (CIA)
l':?-inan turned police expert,
has been shuttling back
t and' forth between the Po-
e'
s lice Foundation here and
t Boston Cit Y Hall.
Y.,.
Tomorrow morning he
1- will move permanently
into an offide down the
i'..eorridor from Mayor White
.; where he will start a new
, career' in tity government.
Kiley Will be a key as-
?e
e?sistant be the mayor. Un-
like the other six staff per-
'; sonriel white r ec en tly
hired, he will also head a
e
fr department -7 'the Office
t?....of Public Service, which
administrates. Whit e's
proudest innovation, the
Attie City Halls.
His assignment as Public
k-Service director, :however,
t will be second in impor-
:tance to his duties as a link
':- between the mayor and the
,
4 ' police department, al-
.though $25,000 of his $32,-
i-4000 salary will come from
ke
e:Public Services.
I.
1;4-He is the city's chief re-
cruiter for a new police
commissioner who will.
,take over the job recently
vacated by Edmund L. Mc-.
'Namara He will also work
closely with the new com-
missioner in bringing
about a substantial over-
haul of the police depart-
ment. .
? , ?
, Why would the exectie?
tive assistant to Richard
'Helms, the CIA 'director,
decide to get involved in
citS, government?
Kiley, who studied gov-
ernment at Harvard for
two- years after graduating
from Notre Dame, talked
about it in his Washington
office.
liaison with 30 Tee
ing that 17supported the Bosio-n and it didn't hap-
National Student Associa- pen." Today, Boston's po-
tion of which he was vice lice force still has a
president. "strong- neighborhood tra-
"I suppose if I were a dition," which is just the
student today and heard
sort of thing police admin-
about it (CIA fund sup- istrators are advocating
port) I would react with today. Other cities, which
centralized, are rebuilding,
horror," he said. "Howev-
while Boston, Kiley feels,
er, in the 50s government
help was the popular, has a good foundation.
democratic thing." ? ? When people talk to him
He describes the CIA as about the police in Boston,
a "first rate government Kiley. said, they inevitably
ask him about police cor-
bureaucracy." But it \vas a
ruption? He does not feel
bureaucracy, andelast year
knowledgeable enough to
he decided that, "leaving'
, make an assessment at this
aside moral judgments,'
point, but his kuess is that
police corruption is a prob-
lem, as it is in many other
big cities
He lists only three or
He went to work for the four large American cities
Foundation, which funnels Los Angeles, Kansas
Ford Foundation money to City, Cincinnati ? as hay-
police departments, as as- ?ing clean police forces.
sociate director and since "The corrupt list is much
then has acquainted him- longer."
self with policemen and But a lot depends on
police departments one's definition of corrup-
throughout the country. tion, he pointed out. ?
For someone who has businessman would
never lived or worked in? think nothing of being
Boston he appears to have taken out for lunch," he
a fairly detailed impres- said. "but there are some
sion of what the depart- people who would say that
ment is like,_ 'if a policeman accepts a
Boston may have the cup of coffee, he's corrupt-
oldest police force in the Mg himself. On the other
country (sergeants average hand, we can say that
about 51), and it has few there is one man in a de-
blacks or Spanish-speak- partment who is -involved
ing officers. Kiley made in any drug traffic, and if
those points and then he
said that Boston was lucky
that it has resisted reforms
-of the 50s Made by so
many other big cities.
The vogue, he said, was
to centralize police opera-
tions, "but, somehow, the
wave just wash.. ed.s.ter.4
the Vietnam war was
wrong and that the coun-
try's domestic -problems
were far more important.
there is knowledge of his
actions, the whole depart-
ment stinks. There has;
been evidence of that
going on in New York."
The police of the future,
and he specifically means
Boston's police, must be-
come involved in new
areas. They must also be-
come involved 'in fighting
"white collar" crime.
Boston's police force he
hopes; will also be young-
er, employ'. more blacks
and be 'better educated and
more specialized.
However, Kiley said that
he
-
he is "delighted"' that .
White "is trying to under- .
stand the role of the police .
in the city."
Kiley has been sending
police professionals and ?
experts . "ostensibly" to
give him the benefit of
their opinions on what the
new . commissioner should
be and which direction the
department should take. It
is quite possible, he ad-
mitted, that an adviser
could become a candidate.
"Unless We go inside the
city, that's probably how
the commissioner will be
chosen, Kiley said.. _ .?
The list of candidates
with the proper qualifica-
tions is short, but the-
mayor has not ruled out
choosing somebody from
within the department, he
said.
He becan4PK9eg For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R000100230001-8
with the fiLe??a,fernearn-
iVASIIINGTON FST
Approved For Release 2001/03/p4M:1\61W-kDP80-016
STATINTL
The Washington Illerry-Go.Round
U.S. Watches I
? By Jack Anderson
The Secret Service, in its
desperate efforts to prevent
political assassinations, keeps
a close watch on more than
400 organizations, . ranging
iners, Not Loners
protectees," acknowledges the
Secret Service file on the
homosexual movement, is "un-
known."
The file on the National
Welfare Rights Organization,
to cite another exrnaple, con-
tains a similar notation: "In-
terest in Protectees?None;"
But the Liberation News Serv-
ice is kept under observation
because it has been "highly
critical of Pres (Fe Administra-;
(ion."
from the Women's Liberation
Movement to the Chinese
Hand Laundry Alliance,
The, only trouble: a federal
study of 81 assassination at-
tempts reveals that the assail-
ants were loners, not joiners.
For instanc, Arthur Herman
Bremer, who has been in-
dicted for the point-blank
shooting of George Wallace,
doesn't appear in the Secret
Service's computerized files of
180,000 potential assassins.
? But the liberated ladies And
the Oriental scrubbers are in
the secret files, along with the
Quaker Action Group, the
Nonviolent Direct Action
Group, the Gay Liberation
Front and other organizations
that the Secret Ses?vice consid-
ers "of protective interest."
.Usually this ?means the
group ha a written to the Presi-
dent, . demonstrated at the
White House, threatened harm
to some official or adhered to
a nonconformist Political ide-
ology.
The Nonviolent Direct Ac-
tion group, for example, is
watched because it has Purged
members to write Pres and
other govt. officials to protest
war in Vietnam." But not even
the Secret Service seems to
know 'why the Gay Liberation
Front is listed. Its "interest in
Postal Watch
Any group that demon-
strates in -front of the White
House, apparently, is automat,
ically added to the suspicious
list. When the National Alli-
ance of Postal and Federal
Employees picketed the White
House 'on August 25, 1971, f 6r
example, the union probably
had- no idea that the Secret
Service' was lurking in the
bushes taking notes.
In a confidential memo
about the postal picketers;
Special Agent Louis B. Sims
wrote that "a group of about
40 persons arrived at the
White House and commenced
the demonstration carrying
various signs concerning bet-
ter wages and equal job oppor-
tunity." Sims attached to his
memo "photographs. taken of
the group and a' copy of one' of
the pamphlets handed out."
The National American In-
dian Youth Council was kept
under similar surveillance out-
side the White House on July
17, 1970-"Apparently they had
placards under shirts," wrote
Special, Agent Robert R. Fai-
son, "because they were not
observed prior to the demon-
stration holding them up." He
noted that "pictures of the
demonstrators were taken by
the Visual Intelligence
Branch."
Not even the correspondents
who cover the White House
are free of suspicion. Back in
September, 19-67, representa-
tives of the National Associa-
tion of Broadcast Employees
and Technicians set up a.
lonely picket across Pennsyl-
vania Avenue from the execu-
tive mansion.
A Secret Service report
notes that at 1:20 p.m. the pro-
testing radioman unfurled a
sign staling; "ABC'has a radi
studio in the White House,
and we are not , permitted to
walk acrosa the street." The
Picketer, apparently, Was ban-
ished to the opposite side of
the street.
Movement and Iranian Stu-
dents Association, for instanet#
are among dozens of ethnic
groups in the files.
Among the black groups
under surveillance are the
Southern. Christian Leader-
ship Conference and the Na-
tional Association for the Ad-,
vancement of Colored People.
Even a black-owned bookstore
in Washington, the Drum and
Spear, is listed.
The student groups watched
by the Secret Service include
the left-wing. Students for
Democratic Society and right-
wing National Youth Alliance.
But even the National Student
Association, which until . re-
cent years received financial
aid from the _Central Intelli,n
.nzejs on the hit.
Here are a few other ex-
cerpts from the guarded Se-
cret Service files:
? John Birch Society: "Ac-
cused Pres. Eisenhower of
Communist affiliation."
? Federal Employees for a
Democratic Society: "Led vigil .
at U.S. Capitol Bldg. to protest
ABM System."
. ? Young Chicanos for Com-
munity Action. "Have spOn..
sored demonstrations in sup-
port- of Mexican-American
causes."
? Quaker Action Group:
"Opposed to war & the use nt
nuclear weapons."
? Congress of Racial Equal
ity: "Participated in, Martin .
Luther King's 1963 March on
Washington."
0 1972, United Feature Syndicate 4
Eavesdroppers' Report
Secret Service ? eavesdrop-
pers also reported overhearing
a picketer "make a statement
to persons on the sidewalk to
the effect that they aren't get-
ting enough; it's like the dark
ages; any time the President
wants to go on TV they have
to run around and get him on
prime time."
The Secret Service keeps
the closest watch, however, on
organizations of ethnics, stu-
dents, blacks and other minor-
ities. The Cuban Nationalist
Approved For Release 2001103104 : CIA-RDP80-01601R000100230001-8
THE OKLAHOMA JOURNAL
Approved For, Release 2diaiiar:2.CIA-RDFCf0101.R000
Candidate Critical 'Nix?
e?is
. ' By STEVE DIMICK
Of The Journal Staff,
.U: S. senatorial hopeful Jed Johnson spent
more than two years as an undercover agent for
the Central Intelligence Agency during the early
?1960s, he said Friday. .
? Johnson said he carried .on CIA activities
' in more than a dozen Asian, African and Latin
American countries while working for one of
the front organizations exposed in the "CIA
on campus" scandals in 1967.
' The former Sixth District congressman Fri-
day released a copy of a speech he will de-
liver to the Oklahoma Jaycees convention Satur-
day, in which he reveals his CIA involvement.
- - He said a controversial trip to Cuba he made
. while a student at Oklahoma Univeriity which
' . was later thrown back at himduring his 1964 dation for which he worked, was still in Wm-
.. congressional race, also was actually a gov- ness.
' ernment-sponsored ' "intelligence-gathering" ?For me to say anything would have literal-
trip. ' ? ly endangered the lives of some of our people
? In his speech to the Jaycees, Johnson will
)'overseas," he said.
attack President NixOn'i new interdiction pol- He came back to the U.S. early 'in 1964, on
' icy against North Vietnamese supply routes. leave from the Foundation, and then resigned
He bases his criticism largely on his knowledge from the organization before he made his sue-
of The CIA, which reportedly hats claimed that cessful race for Congress.
the blockade will not work. Johnson served in Congress from 1964-66.
? i - . ? He said the "whistle was blown" on the cover
? Johnson quotes from the "Kissinger Papers,", of the dummy foundation In 1967.
a secret government study conducted by the "I'm still not sure how much I'm at liberty
.? CIA and other information gathering groups
: and maAe public by columnist Jack Ander-
son two weeks ago. The study reported the
CIA's belief that no amount of 'interdiction
f Will be successful in stopping the flow of war
'materiel to North Vietnam.
1 "I am personally acquainted in some depth
kwith the degree of precision that the CIA oper-
ates within its intelligence activities, because
jl
worked under contract as a covert agent for
athe CIA prior to my election to the Congress,"
'Johnson said. ?
"At that time, the CIA had extremely de-
tailed .information on such things as which
hand an obscure African provincial chief
would eat with and the vintage of his favorite
twines," he said.
' "I am convinced after reading the Kissinger
4'Papers that the CIA estimates of-our capacity
;to interdict supplies was done with similar at-
' tention to precision and gave absolutely no
?!reason for encouragement that this military
?',action will successfully bring the war to a con-
;elusion."
In an interview with The Oklahoma Jour-
nal before his announcement Saturday, John-
.
? son saici he worked for the CIA from 1962 to
"I know that the CIA is very, very meticu- Communist officials," he said.
bus and careful in its evaluations and is ac-
curate and precise," he said.
"I also did get information on what the
"The point is, if the CIA has given such an Political ideology was of up-and-coming poll-
evaluation (of the Vietnam blockade ), I know tical leaders," he said.
they've done a thorough assessment of the sit- . Johnson balked at the word "propaganda"
uation. They're very capable people and are when asked whether his. job entailed more
not political; they're very apolitical. .- . gathering of information or disseminating
"While I was never involved in CIA ; propaganda.
operations in Southeast Asia, I know per- ; alt involved a lot of both," he said. "But we
sonally that they literally can tell you the were never told what to say by the CIA. We
minutest details about minor African political were never given any orders about what to say
figures and I'm sure they have done the same in a speech.
type of investigation in Vietnam," Johnson "I was simply a youth leader telling them what
said. ?-. we believe, why our 'economic system is the
Johnson' said he was not at liberty to dis- ost productive, why our political system is
close his former CIA ties while he was a mem- e best."
ber of Congress because the Foundation for Johnson's undercover activity began when he ?
Youth and Student Affairs, the dummy foun- wasstill in colleg, with a 1959 trip to Cuba
which later returned to haunt him during his
congressional race in 1964. .
"There were chaiges made during the cam-
paigning that I. ha, taken this trip with other
student leaders in defiance of the State De-
partment," he said. "This was untrue. The
trip was sponsored by the U.S. government.
"I was asked by people in the State Depart-
ment to make the trip to get information about.
what was going on," he said.
.At the time the group of young student lead-
' ers made the trip, shortly after the Cuban re-
volution, "we didn't know that things in Cuba
to tell you," he said. would go the way they went," Johnson sald.
The former student leader at the University He said another of his missions was to
of Oklahoma said he was approached by the CIA .debate young Communist leers in Cuba.
(referred to among agents as '.`the firm") in However, he was not able to reveal in 1964
1962, a year after his graduation from col- that he had known in 1959 that the Cuban trip
lege. was a government-sponsored one.
"They contacted you to see if you were in-
tere:sted and then did a very thorough security "It was a very interesting experience, but
clearance," he said. "Later, you were taken it was frustrating that I couldn't rebut some of
to a hotel room where you had to sign an oath the charges made against me," he said.
saying you would not divulge any secrets or "As a result of that trip and some other ac-
critical information.
tivities I was involved in, I was later asked to.
"After that, I was what they call 'under become an agent for the CIA."
contract' to the CIA until I resigned," he During his years as an agent, under the.
said. - .
code name "Mr. Page- ("I chose that name
?
"It was fascinating work," he said. ?if 1 because I had been. a page in the Senate and ?
hadn't run for Congress, I might have made thought it would be easy to remember,"),
a career out f the CIA."
he was at liberty to tell only his wife of his
o? -
Johnson said he actually worked for the 'U.S.' activities.
Youth Council, which was. funded by the Foun- "There were a couple of agents before me
dation for Youth and Student Affairs, which in who had just disappeared," he said.
turn was funded by the CIA. Johnson says he still has faith in the per-
His duties, about which he was never too suasive and example type of diplomacy, the
specific, involved basically being a sort of good- former the kind he said is practiced by .the
will ambassador-curn-spy. CIA.
"I led delegations of young Americans to de-
veloping nations and spoke before various. le-
1964. He said his experience as an agent has gislative assemblies," he said. "We met with
i .i
residents rime minis-
caused himm bW tIA-RDP80-01601R0001
CIA's assessmeig a vanouns VtuMititg?
in the 'agency's non-partisan, position. "Once at an Indian Youth Congress in Ti- ?
rupathi, India,. I debated, a. couple of older
STATI NTL
NORFOLK, VA.
PILOT
tiVOrtr&derbr Re
- 127,079
S ? 174,257
fti0-01 6
TATI NT
pfence
es:
By Don Hill?,
' The Virsintan?Pllot Washinelon Bureau
WASHINGTON.
TM E CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE
AGENCY?The CIA, dreaded, accused,
and. abused on seven continents?has
joined the college PR lecture circuit.
But unlike its fellow campus crawlers
.among government agencies and spe-
cial pleaders, , the cm wants its public
? relations program kept'IMh-hush.
? Secret publicity? This tricky exercise
? was attempted last month at Hollins
College, Roanoke, Va., at a weekend
, conference entitled?honest?"Freedom
r and Thought Control in America."
. A senior CIA official made a speech to
More than 100 students, at least one
newspaper reporter, and a girl with a
tape recorder.
The handsome, gray-haired speaker
?who had been identified in advance
publicity only as "John Maury, federal
employe"?was introduced to the open
audience as a spokesman for the Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency.
Maury actually is a high CIA official,
in charge among other dude's of the
agency's congressional liaison.
His remarks, Maury told the mixed-
bag group confidentially, should,be
.''kept in the family."
The girl with the tape recorder seid
afterwards she planned to make tran-
scriptions for anyone who wanted them..
Maury subsequently protested then
news reports of his foray would require
the , CIA to "review its e f f o r t s" at
"trying to maintain some sort of corn-
? munication with the academic commun-
ity."
Queried for this report, he said last
'Week, "Well, we wouldn't want to be ac-
? cused of going around propagandizing
on college campuses."
It's hard to see what else the CIA Was
doing. According to Dr. Henry Nash,
chairman of Hollins' department of po-
litical science, Maury told him the Hol-
lins visit Appnowed Forift@teese
see whether the CIA can speak to stu-
p y o sort of re ut ts
dent grou s to tr t t f f ?his
h i
image.
' In his talk, Maury painted a glowing
picture of CIA operations.
The agency, he said, is "the eyes and
ears of the policy makers and it is our
job to collect enough information so that
they will not blunder into dangerous sit- How about the CIA's subsidizing of,
Vthe National Student Association, an in-:
uations."
L at er over cocktails, Nicholas Von ternational scandal when the story
Hoffman, the Washington Post's impas. broke, Von Hoffman asked Maury over
sioned leftist columnist, who was a fel-
drinks.
1,na conference participant, t wi tted There was no other way to provide
"atury about that. . . the money for those students to get to
Von Hoffman unkindly mentioned the international conferences, Maury said.
7n,y ef Pigs, as "one of the agency's But, Von Hoffman asked innocently,
hadn't congressional committees al-
ready decided not to appropriate funds
for this purpose? Didn't the CIA thus
thwart the will of Congress?
"You don't understand," Von Hoff-
man says Maury replied.
It's not really a secret that the CIA
long has attempted to maintain contdct
ith college campuses. That, after all is
where it must recruit the bright young
minds that will don the cloaks and wield
the daggers of the future. That also is
where the scholarly studies and overt
,information gathering that are the basis
for 90 per cent of intelligence are cen-
tered.
Despite the criticism to which it is
subjected, Maury said in his speech, the
CIA's activities are-directed and scruti-
nized by a number of federal organiza-
tions and the Congress.
7in agency, 'Maury responded, only
sa.. rs information; it doesn't make
The spnker had some titillating tid-
bits for ti .9 It is little known,
he said, but the s2rior Russian intelli-
gence officer en di.4 the day Francis
Gary Powers war; shot down, May 1
1060, was workIng American intel-
ligeace. The officer -aas later caught
and executed.
Von Hoffman. apparently di,In't take
time to note that some circles don't con-
sider the 1980 U2 incident an American
intelligence triumph either.
The CIA, however, Maury said was
able with accuracy to determine the ex-
tent of the Russian long-range missile
threat and this information helped
President Kennedy triumph in the Cu-
ban missile crisis.
There was some heckling from Mau-
ry's. audience, according to people who
were there. A woman told Maury she'd
lived in Athens a year and was appalled There may have been a lesson at Hol-
at the CIA's role in supporting the mili. lins. The ne wsp a p er reporter was
tary "colonels coup" in that country. -drawn to the Maury speech because of
Maur:,;,.. shot back that he'd been in advance publicity sent out by the col-
Greece for six years and had been Ath- lege. It said that a "federal government
ens agent at the time of the coup. Some employe" would discuss intelligence ac-
of her statements were inaccurate, he tivities. CIA agents often describe them-
told the woman. . selves to acquaintances simply as "fed-
eral employes." "That just meant CIA
? 7
After the speech s ess lou, Maury, to me," the reporter said.
?
Von Hoffman and others retired to theP "I know," said Jane White, the stu-
AM tv6-put it that way."
9piranged the confer-
_Maury had noted in his speech that the
CIA reaps some of its criticism because
it's a facet of American morality "that
we feel that anything done in secret
must be a little naughty."
Like secret publicity maybe?
Maury also had said that intelligence
workers "learn from mistakes and fail-
ures."
Ars cp-ikirqpiriv3teisosi
arta, or coc tails and more
heckling. ?
A1Iaao?I PO ST
Approved For Release 2001/03/H :PSIAMDP80-01601
Poster'
?
Marge Tabankin isn't one tp sniff the couine of
false optimism. "Our organization is known for three
'things: the CIA scandal, stranding students in Europe
;on charter flights and being freaky anti-war kids" she
says in appraising the reputabii-of the National Stu-
dent Association over which she presides in her ca-
pacity as president.
The association is the largest, most stable, independ-
ent youth organization in America. Every other big
youth group is actually a closely controlled front for
adult politics, or is in one way or the other too weak,
too small, or too inert to hope to play an important part
on the national scene. Only the National Student As-
sociation with the membership of some 500 college and
university student bodies is free enough to be the or-
,ganizational voice and muscle of a big segment 5f our
youth. ?
Now in its .25th year o! life. NS N, is living on hard
times: "My first day in office." ' abankin tells you, "I
was hit with three law suits for bad debts." Now the
roof on the S Street headquafters here in Washington.
.has sprung a leak and the plumbers say it'll cosi $2.000
that Marge doesn't have to fix a newly busted sewer line.
Trouble is nothing new for NSA. In fact, the reason
it's up against it now is that it's one organization that
didn't protect its rear but mixed it up in all the major
public issues of its time. In the late '40s and early '50s
it battled over communism and the cold war. Some
time during that period the CIA snuck in and secretly
? began funding it, putting up money that sent early
leaders like Gloria Steinem abroad to represent America
at the international youth conferences which were such
a big thing in these days.
The years of the CIA money made life easy. It was
that money that got them the headquarters building and
. kept up the mortgage payments. "Then," says Taban-
kin, "it used to be that every member of the NSA staff
had their own .Air Travel, American Express and tele-
phone credit card. After the CIA was exposed and we
refused their money, we must have owed every major
corporation in America. In 1969, we were able to ne-
ge tate a $200,000 loan which let us settle our debt for
30 cents on the dollar. It's that loan we're trying to pay
off now. If we can hold out one more year, if we can
? just hold out until next January 15, we'll be alright."
. By all accounts the CIA made no attempt to control
NSA domestic policy, and that may account for how
Conimentary
y Vic/alas von Hof f man
I H I IN I L
oub le's Nothing New
. ? -
.the organization was able to get involved in the civil
.rights movement early. The involvement cost the as-
sociation their Southern -school memberships, which
Marge reports are just now beginning to return with
places like the University of Tennessee reaffiliating.
The antiwar effort also cost much in terms of sup-
port, and now, when it's commendable, the association
gets no credit for having developed people like Allard
Lo.wenstein, Rennie Davis and Sam Brown, three people
of vastly different political complexions but who have
in common a history of activist opposition to the war.
Despite all that NSA has done, it has so little money it
can't afford to send out traveling reps to help develop
programs and unified actions on the campuses. The
staff, Marge and her vice president, Tom Mooney, hitch-
hike and make it the best they can on $80 a week.
Right now NSA survives on a dues structure under
which the largest university student bodies pay only
$150 a year. Tabankin's plan is to build up the loyalty
of students to the organization to the extent that they'll
each kick in something like a dollar a year. This, she
knows, will take time, but as she says, "I'm sick and
tired of hearing about 'the poor student.' They can buy
one record less every year, because if they want their
own organization they've got to pay for it. We can't exist
as the lieges of' the corporate world, taking money
from foundations. Why, those guys at the foundations
literally think they are the revolution. They have this
god-like feeling that they are. effecting social change
by looking around and seeing who they're going to
give their money to."
Nevertheless. Tabankin has been successful in get-
ting about $65,000 out of them and in this peanut but-
ter sandwich year, that helps. For the long haul, she's
counting on solid service, educational programs and
heavy organizational work to bring NSA through. Al-
ready there is something to show: progress in organiz-
ing the lower-income student in the community col-
leges, a new service program for women, a joint worker-
student endeavor on industrial safety and pollution in
Minnesota.
Although Marge is the organization's first woman
president, she 'doesn't think that had much to do with
her getting the job, "though it didn't hurt. I was every-
body's second choice. They all had their favorite sons
and when they saw they couldn't win, they switched to
me. People felt NSA was really in a bad way . . . a lot
of hate and factionalism, so people asked me to do it."
Marge Tabankin wants to be a winner. If she doesn't.
win, if the only organization of its kind vanishes, and
youth has no major organization of its own, she won't
be the only loser.
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RAMPARTS
Approved For Release 201101013/0472CIA-RDP80-016
The CIA as Cop
rillIERE IS MOUNTING specula-
tion over the Central Intelli-
gence Agency's role in do-
mestic police operations. While the
CIA does not have subpoena or
police powers, it nonetheless main-
tains bases and covert operations
within the United States. Hereto-
fore, it was usually believed that
these operations were of a counter-
espionage nature, directed primar-
ily against the Soviets. However,
now there is increasing speculation
within the Washington intelligence
community that there is something
else going on, that possibly the CIA
has struck up a direct relationship
with Police forces in major cities.
Two fairly recent personnel shifts
at the Agency set off this specula-
tion. The first concerned Robert
Kiley who was the operations offi-
cer in direct charge of the student
activities during the 1960s. Kiley su-
pervised .the NSA operation, co-
ordinating the various fronts. After
the NSA was exposed, Kiley was
brought back to the Agency head-
quarters at Langley and made ex-
ecutive assistant to Helms, the di-
rector. About six months ago Kiley
left his job to become associate di-
rector of a new organization called
the Police Foundation which was
begun in 1970 on a $30 million
grant from the Ford Foundation,
"to help American? police agencies
realize their fullest potential by de-
veloping and funding promising
programs of innovation and im-
provement."
The second personnel shift con-
cerned the resignation from the CIA
of Drexel Godfrey, who was head
of the Office of Current Intelligence.
Godfrey quit this job and in 1970
'went to work for the Bureau of
Narcotics at the Justice Depart-
ment. Then he became executive
director of tho Governor's Justice
Commission at Harrisburg, Pa?
another recently formed oraniza-
tion to help improve law enforce-
ment by giving grants to different
local police departments.
While the Washington intelligence
community may well be overly par-
anoid, the speculation is that these
new organizations are reminiscent
of the student fronts, and, more im-
portant, typical of Agency activities
abroad. The fact that two former
high officials left the Agency for po-
lice work simply adds to the specu-
lation. Moreover, the CIA has taken
an increasing interest in domestic
police activities within the last few
years. In 1968 Chicago police offi-
cers received high-level briefings at
CIA headquarters in Langley and
were taken to the CIA secret para-
military training camps, maintained
in Virginia and the Carolinas. The
Los Angeles police are also believed
to have been visitors. All of this
was regarded as unusual within the
Agency itself, and there was expec-
tation by some officials that the
CIA would finally get a crack at the
student radicals.
But then suddenly the President
announced that all domestic secur-
ity work would be handled by the
Army and the FBI. At the CIA, it
seemed too sudden to be true. Based
on past experience, some CIA men
took the order as a go-ahead for
covert work. They say that, if the
Agency were to become deeply in-
volved with the US police, it would
probably first attempt simply to
gather information, to create a sit-
uation where it could begin to ana-
lyze intelligence?on prison condi-
tions, radicals, police, the FBI, and
so on. Then it would attempt to
change the nature of the police
force, hoping to model it more
on Agency theories?emphasizing
such activities as counter-espionage,
shrewd intelligence analysis, etc. On
an operations level, one way in
which the Agency might attempt to
rationalize its increased domestic
activities would he to cite alleged
connections between radical 1mup4
and the 6ovier4 Chivehe, Warnina
of increased acti vitics by rinvict es-
pionage, and under that ratiopalita-
tion increase its operations at the
secret US bases.
?JAMES RIDGEWAY
_o
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7 7" CD C'
CD 5- --I CT1
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STATINTL
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R0
? LEWISTOWN, PA.
SENTINEL
E - 1401U 3 ieit
6' f1
=VT
? Nora Cuarol FI
? Govewinieni ilgoncies
There are certain sections of our democracy of which
no branch of government has complete control. For in-
stance, look at the C.I.A.
Two years ago, many people were shocked when they
found out that the Central Intelligence Agency was giving
scholarships to students for study in foreign countries, The
implication was that these students, in return for their
tuition and books, were spies for the United States
government.
The U.S. citizenry was shocked to find out that not even
Congress knows where funds earmarked for the C.I.A. are
spent. The C. I. A. has been allowed to operate under the
assumption that unless all of their plans are shrouded in
complete secrecy, the security of the United States will be
threatened.
We feel that the reverse is true. We cannot see any
harm in letting Senators and Congressmen with security
clearance know where these funds are being spent. On the
' contrary, we are afraid that the very secrecy of this
agency is a threat to all of the people of the United States.
We supply funds to a police agency which is not responsi-
ble to anyone.
The temptation is there for a power hungry individual to
use the funds against the forces of democracy. If the',
nobody to answer to what is the harm in trying to set up a
private dictatorship? Even if the attempt fails, the next
year he could tell the Congress that it was none of their
business what he was trying to do. Tradition would dictate
that Congress would accept this ? then give the agency
more funds for another year's work.
'?We will grant that this would be an extreme case.
However, we believe that there is a distinct possibility that
the C.I.A., as well as other agencies without direct control,
could someday work against our government.
. We therefore believe that all agencies of the U. S.
government should be forced to submit to the Congress a
budget with every dollar earmarked for a specific project.
Only then can we be sure that none of our tax dollars
are being spent to subvert our own government.
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,.6
-
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R
OMAHA, NEBR.
WORLD HERALD
OCT 2 719
- 125,376
S - 273,394
Bluffs Man
Aids Harris
A Council Bluffs native who
was a leader in the 1968 move
for the Democratic party to,
drop President Johnson today
was named a director in Sen.
Fred Harris's campaign for the
1972 Democratic nomination.
Sam Brown, 28,.now of Den-
'ver, will head a 17-state effort,
on the behalf of the Oklahoman's
candidacy.
Brown, a Harvard University
graduate, got national attention
in 1967 when he worked with the
National Student Association to
expose the Central Intelligence
Agency's subsidy Of som-e col-
lege's-tudents.
He was a leader in the Viet-
? nam moratorium efforts and
worked. for Sen. Eugene
McCarthy of Minnesota when he
sought the 1968 presidentia:l.
nomination.
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STATI NTL
E NTH Approved 'For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-016
TIMES STATINTL
E 818 55 5
TIMES-ADVERTISER
- 3 .-- 19.2,,422
'?1 17
?
iti7,Ac J.I.,
\LA::
Cl
-17 1,1 (-0
// , I/ 77 ,.,:. you where he was is that he doesn't know
1 1. -
- w ;let e he wits Said said..
.: ?But not all .of the comedian's indicimPrits
of. the CIA were quite that improbable. At
.. another point, he said, "If your school is
. ."The reason Teddy Kennedy hasn't told
suffering from academic-inertia, you know,
no ROTC buildings; have; been burned In
while ... then call the CIA or the RBI and
'Operation rend Start'
?:,--r '1
they'll disinttch i--t boy with a' beard and
13 rirP rni. / i (0)
_... c_. i,....,..."
L./ ts.L..-? .t......j/ Lv V4......" '
t- ' I- ' ki / , i ? ' shades, arid he'll burn sornethirig. It call-
At one point i as he was talking, Sahl :ell (-)t)eratioll Head Start."
But Sell!, who first gained ;national ran-
t), .JON SENDERLI;;G noticed a small brc'twn arid white dog
nition f;;:;.: .':'s comedie talentS 'when Richad
? Staff W'riter named Bobo playing ill the yard outside..
- ? NjX011 Wi-TS making his first run for the
.?NEWTOWN -- Comedian Mort Sahl, who "'You know, it's really true, now that the
presidency, was at his funniest v,dien talk-
iome. critics have said died jUst about the ,0
Po s, is in best friend. Man has certainly
I ig about the preside?t?
time Lenny Bruce took his drug overdose, g,iven up that role," he quipped.
. . Listening . to Nixon, he said, is "like-
' And later, speaking of a comment he listening to the captain of the 'I' itanic." ?
Was sitting in the recreation room of one of
attributed to James Baldwin that th;?. white
"; .a.ftei.
those suburb n m
aidcm,d3ss hoincs Robert. m an liv.1. tak en as Ba
y ldwin's pride, d Kennedy had lines Cuon his facc
(ii 'years in office, and Johnson came out
.'Young always lives in, trying to kill tirne .nity? and manhood., .Sald said, "I niay have
after five y
before his 8 p.m. concert. ears looking tilze Dorian. Gray,
. . .
. . taken av,?ay his pride and dignity, but I
But to give you an idea of how Nixon
sure as- hell didn't take away his. man-
What he W. a S doing' was. Ilia thing he does' applies himself, take a look. at him. Ile
best, talking in his inimitable, seemingly hood." . . . ? ' looks great. You know: what, Tile Worry?
What Can You Shy?' So Alfred E.- Nixon is going to Moscow,
disjointed way'. ? . Sahl's hurnor was particularly visceral huh?" He then suggeste.d Nixon might karn..
- His day so far had been miserable. 'Pherc when he spoke about the lovely Miss Stei. Commuitism to teach to the Lockheed Corp.
had been a. communications foulup'ever the nem, the women's lib advocate. with whom -Vice President Spiro. Agnew, however,
time ltis plane from Mobile was to arrive, he has done battle se \'oral times On nation doesn't greatly concern him, Sahl said.
end he had hack to rent .a car and drive to al TV. . 'Agnew is a bone' thrown to the liberals to
Bucks County instead of being picked up at "When she. was in college, she used to chew on. But, he's the same ell the time.
the airport. . .. . work for the CIA. What can you say about He's this administration's Nixon," he said.
nd on top o that hi b k someone who makes tapes of their friends ''I could sleep in the same tent with
, Af , s 'oc,. whieli had
been broken for th second time in an
and then turns them over to Washington?" Agw. ne I mightm
keep y eyes open all
e .
he said. "And she can't-0'On -make P, cup of .night ion, though."
autoinobilo accident earlier in the year,
Was bctthering him and he VMS taking dru bb So
gs instant coffee iild has never breast-fed a
Russians G etting Ahead
ay. W hat does she k now about .-1
to case the pain.lib? - ? . The Vietnam problem is really a simple'
women's "
- Mstybe, as they bad with Bruce, the drugs
On stav, where he ritakes. his money, Pne' he thlel the all'''Itellee? '1 lie :e'llerals
. . . ...
lelped hill) ill other ways, too. Because he th-tndon't ; NV Fillt to get out ?unless- you can give:
Sahl isn' t much differetit he i s pusate-
kept talking. And not even a .ty.'o-year-olil
Is though he does lend to be somewhat them an alternative. All you have to do is
competing for Inc sin ill audience's alien-
more paranoid 51)0 it Paranoia of which .say, 'Pack your bags and get to Israel.' But
Lou could shut him up.
he has been accused ' in repent years, most -they're not sure they want to go to Israel. 1
No One Like Him. ? ? of which concerns his contention that the 'el anxious about anti-Semitism in Russia.
The truth is nobody Wanted to. There just CIA and the F131: . aye directly resPonsible . don't want the Russians to get ahead of
aren't That many people around with. Said's for every malevolence. directed against the'? us in that area." .
versatile approach to things. and there is U.S. since Pearl Ilarbor was attacked. . Sall! cautioned -the students against using
probably no one who can, all in ono breath, Sald is Serious about his .' belief, in a drugs, because they would then become
go through Gloria Steinem, Truman Capote, ; reigning group of conspirators, andomless more comfortable. "I don't think any of
Vietnam, Spiro Agnew; late. night TV talk he one day indelibly proves his point, that ? you. should be comfortable. YoU'll beCome,
shows, George Jackson, why he has to be is-- unfortunate, because what_ it does ?es benign and then you won't change anything.
at Kennedy - Airport. by II .o-clock, Said detract from much of what he has to say ? Pm intoxicated just by living during the
Alinsky, the CIA; and then bring himself that is valuable. - . ;Nixon years," he sstid,
back to Gloria Sleitt'in, the way Sehl can, : :
FridaY night, for e'xilniPle? beffite ''''' .At one point, v.-hen he is lidking about
?? And hico-; it still make sense. - audience of about 300 irt the Bucks 'County the sexual superiority of bhicks, F...11.11 gave
To Sfild, eyfty?ting,-- it Sf;',Nris, iS sOmc.. Comm unity College sills' snub he sue in an excp/lent example: of Inc manner in
how inextricably woven togcttht!r. ? ; ? gestcd rather strongly that not?ortly Y.',?rc . Which f1SSO' eia lion s Nvhirl -through his brain..
;.
Muell' rs
of it, of eon' is; fr the deaths of Pr esident John F 1
or his concerts --enne'-'Y' ' 'That's one of the few racial stereotypes
Sen. Robert F. Kennedy and the Rev. Dr.
and- is material that he has used many lack's haven't objecte.d to," he said. Then:
times before, - "1"0,11" e CLA .- .
PAIPONVed POO'ReireaAlZiOdl 1 0144g;t1:t14-RDb41 iwt9 7Q1 6 0 1R00010023.0001 -8
of spon1i.?II1060s percept1on and delight, ..
. Kennedy ha.d probably barn drugged during ? ? ' tr:?-:,': t..1 3.-1 1:1 ;Dc.:
the tragedy at Chappaquiddick. i
?
17 it .
LI /.1 k.1,1
PAnix wpm
Approved For Release 2001/e3/04,:,c1A-RIDR804110
6 uCI
I ? o 415---z.,
;(?, 11 Lill 11'1) CD Cf:') ba (z)
By MADELEINE PROYNZANO biological." This is all very in-
What a mixture .of psychologi- teresting for living-learn discus-
cal terms is to be .found in Glo- sins. But what does n that
ria Steinem's article, -".The- Ma- psychologizing have to do. with
chismo Factor" which appeared the true causes of destructive-
in-the New York Times. ness and violence, domestic and
She correctly disputes the the- international? ? .
ory that the Masculine Mystique . Then she declares,. "S ince
(man is aggressive and prone to World War II and the sanctifying
violence, woman is passive and of our overseas interventions,
-easily led) is the fundamental foreign policy has provided the
cause. of our "destructiveness'' ideal arena for politicians.-- and
as a nation, "domestic and in-- intellectuals who feel the cut-
? ternational.." tm?al need to play tough." And
? She refers to the popular talk it's this kind of thinking, she
:about masculine and feminine says, that ''locks us into the uns
. hormones and. concludes that necessary, inhuman gamesman-
the "forces locking us into so- ship of global showdowns."
called masculine- and feminine What" kind of glol?al showdowns
roles turn out to be cultural, not - is she_. talking about? The global
bully, in the eyes of .the major-
ity of the world's population,
is U.S.- imperialism, especially
in Indochina.
*. MI this psychologizing obscures
the true source of present-day
U.S. foreign policy: U.S. monop-
oly-capitalism with its ties to the
military-industrial corporate com-
plex._ It's as if she were try-
ing to take this ruling class off
the book for the war in Indo-
china; for its aggressions in Ko-
rea,- Santo Domingo, etc., for its
Provocative deployment of mili-
tary bases and naval vessels in
far-flung areas of the World, for
the secret world of the CIA, etc.
Is this ""mixture of &einem
phrases purposefully confusing?
Certainly her direct acquaintance
with certain aspects of U.S.-for-
eign policy in the 1950's gave
her a- direct knowledge of .its
workings.
Today Gloria Steinem is one '
? ? of the batter-publicized members
- of the women's liberation move-
ment. But she_first.came to pub-
lie notice in 1937 when the news
papers were full of revelations
of secret CIA funds and their V
relation with certain U.S. un-
ions, intellectuals' and university
and student circles.
As fulltime head of a student
? group, The. Independent Research
- Service, she was interviewed- in
- the. Feb. 2, 1967, issue of the.?
N.Y. Times. Yes, she said in the:
inIbrview, "the organization had
received funds from the CIA.
Former_ officers of the National
Student Association had told her,.
she said, that CIA funds might be
available for American
? pation in the Vienna World Youth"
Festival of 1559 (and later at the
Helsinki Youth Festival in 1932).
"Far from being shocked by
this involvement," she was
quoted, "I was happy to find .
some liberals in government in
those ? days were farsighted and
cared enough to get Americans
of all political views to the Fes:
tival."
According to her, the Service-
concentrated on recruiting young
persons "with non-Communist
?foreign-policy views to attend
the Festival," although, she add-
ed, most of them were ',unaware
of the CIA backing.- . ?
It would appear that Gloria
Steinem's article, with its psycly
mumbo-jumbo, is pur-??
pose-fully unclear. If she was. no
"babe in the weeds" on the
workings -of the CIA in 1959,
then she certainly can't be. class-
ified as one today! It is turn::
ing the accusing finger away
from the- direction in which it.
should" be pointed?U.S. monop-
oly-capitalism and its. role in
U.S. foreign policy .and destruc-
tiveness at home and abroad. r
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Approved For Release 2014/9 4, 8j9?
28 salmi:am 1971
L?ita
f Turn ,fft,
' (b(I15115 (13 t
; By Chicago Sun-Tiines
WASHINGTON ? The Central
Intelligence Agency has ? long
feared the type of mass exposure
that befell Soviet intelligence in
Britain last week, a confidential
report disclos'ed Monday.
The report shows that the CIA
. has been trying for several years
to shift its espionage operations
away from U. S. embassies and
offices to "unofficial cover" --
private organizations and
.businesses and "non-U. S. na-
tionals."
It acknowledges that tough
Russian security has forced the
CIA to collect intelligence on the
Soviet Union through "third-
country" operations ? just as the
Russians apparently were seeking
intelligence on the United States
through its spy apparatus in
TIIE REPORT, a copy of?which
has been obtained by The Chicago
STATI NTL
31@-
p `fl T1/4".1
t 4 )A. 1U-)%1 k?J? a.; 11
Ji ?
Sun-Times, is based en a dis-
cussion among several former
high-ranking intelligence officials
,nducted by the Council on
oreign T.Zelations in New York on
Jan. 8, 1.968.
Richard M. Bissell, formei
deputy director of the CIA and
moderator' of the discussion, has
confirmed the authenticity of the
report, which is headed: "Con-
fidential: Not for 'publication._
Restricted to group mernbei:s
only. Not. to be quoted or cited."
STATINTL
THE PARTICIPANTS included
Allen Dulles, the late director of
the CIA; Robert Amory Jr., s
former deputy director of the CIA;
Ettg6ne Fubini, former assistant
cretary of defense in the area of
electronic intelligence; Thomas I,.
I Hughes, former director of the
State Department's Bureau of In-
telligence and Research, and
Theodore Sorensen, special assis-
tant to President Kennedy.
Although the report does not
identify the source of various opin-
ions and comments, Bissell' ap-
pears to have been the main con-
tributor.
"If the agency is to be effec-
tive," the report declares at one
point, "it will have to make use of
private institutions on an expo nd-
ing scale . . CIA's interface wbli
the rest of the world needs to be I
better protected."
THE izEponT calls for. "deeper
cover" and "increased attention to
the use of 'cut-cuts' " defin&I in a
footnote as '"projects backed by
the CIA ?vhich cannot, he traced
back to the CIA."
The report. concedes that there
are "powerful reasons" for con-
cealing CIA agents within U. S.
mbassies, principally to provide
rife means of communication to
Vashington.
"Nonetheless," it goes on, "it is
)ossible and desirable, although
/fault and time-con.-!uming, to
uild overseas an apparatus of
nof Eclat cover. This would- re-
uire the use or creation of
rivate Organizations, many of the
en-lonnel of which would be non-
- S. nationals, With freer. entry
Ito the local society and less im-
lic?ation for the official U. S. pos-
ye." - ?
THE REPORT suggested links
ith U. S. corporations which
ould make the'r Own lines. of
ommunication available to CIA
gents. '
All 105 of the Russian officials
pilled by Britain 'last Friday
ere under "official cover,"
perating: out of the Soviet em-
ssy or trade mission. As such
ey were much TOON! susceptible
British counterintelligence than
unofficial cover" agents such as.
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601 Rq el citiitiodiljg 'is en
TkIN1
,11,,e,S4INGTP.7\1 S
Approved For Release 20611/08/04
Or log IMSCUSSIO,
1. I 1 ' - ,, 1 1 F 1 A
IL h F ,----------z;,
?, /..,.-?
By JAMES DOYLE.'
' . star Stall Writer
Early in 1933 a group includ-
ing former officials of the Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency and the
State Department setled down
after dinner at the Barold Pratt
House, on New York's Avenue,
to discuss some of the CIA's
problems.
A record of heir conversa-
tion shows that the particular
-concern of the ? group that night
was how to provide a deeper
cover- for Anterica2is gathering
information by using non-
governmental organizations as
- fronts.
? The participants were mem-
/ hers and guests ? of the presti-
. ? glans Council on Foreign Rela-
tions, men who seem to direct
foreign policy from within and
. .____...
without the government on a
permanent basis, and publishers
of "Foreign -Affairs," the quar-
terly bible of American diploma- ?
A record of the discussion at
the council's headquarters on
that evening, Jan. 8, 1968, has
been circulated to some newspa-
pers by a ga oup of self-styled
radical scholars based in Cant
-
bridge. -
It portrays with some new de-
tails ? the structure and the style
of the American intelligence
community. The document is
'timely in the wake of events last
week in London, where 105
members of the Soviet commu-
nity there, including employes
from the Soviet embassy, trade
delegation, tourist agency, Mos-
- cow Narodny Bank and Aeroflot
Airline ware uncovered as espio-
nage agents, and banned from
the country without replace-
- monis. .
- -a. It was, a -fear of just such an
incident, apparently, that domi-
nated the conversation at Pratt
llonse that night.
The U.S. "employes" whose
cover constantly is endangered,
the .participants felt, are those
who work in the American Em-
bassies, trade delegations, and
other U.S. agencies in countries
around the world. ?
V . Richard Bissel, a former depu-
ty director of the CIA who left
. /the agency after the Bay of Pigs
v debacle, led the discussion. Ac-
cording to the record made
available to The 'Star; he told jiia.
. . _ _-....
council colleAppromeckr
?11
t.:z1 i?di
,t"'-,"
agents "need to operate under
ileaper cover."
Bissel recounted ruefully the
uproar ever the CIA's exposed
funding of the National Student
Association's overseas actilvities
and said, "The CIA interface
with various private groups, inc-
eluding business and student
groups, must be remedied."
-He noted that the problems cif
American spies overseas "is fre-
quently a problem of the State
Department."
"It tends to be true that local
allies find themselves dealing al-
ways with an American and an
off i.e. i a 1 American?since the
cover is almost invariably as a
U.S. government employe,''
is reported to have said.
!Mere are powerful reasons
i
for this practice, and it will al-
ways be desirable to have some
CIA pevonnel housed in the em-
bassy compound, if only for lo-
cal 'command post' and commu-
nications requirem ents.
"Nonetheless, it is possible
and desirable, although difficult
and time-consuming, to build
overseas an apparatus of unoffi-
cial cover," Bissel is quoted a5
saying.
"This would require the use or
? creation of private organiza-
tions, many of the personnel of
which would be non-U.S. nation-
als, with freer entry into the
local society and less implica-
tion for the official U.S. pos-
ture."
,
and that of a staff member in-
volved though his career in
many operations, and well in-
formed of the agency's eapabili-
v. An unidentified former State
Department official -responded-
to Bisset that he agreed withthe ,
need to change covers, noting
that "the initial agreement be-
tween the .agency and State was
Use Non-Americans
Bissel said that the United
States needed to increase its use
of non-Americans for espionage
"with an effort at indoctrination
and training: they should be en-
couraged to develop a second
? loyalty, more or less compara-
ble to that of the American
staff.",
He added that as intelligence
efforts shifted more toward Bata
in America., Asia and Africa,
"the conduct of U.S. nationals is
likely to be increashIgly eircum-
'scribed. The primary, change
recommended would be to build
up a system c,f unofficial cover.
. . The CIA might be able to
make use of non-nationals as
'career agents', that is with a
:status midway between that for
the classical p,gent used in a
orie@WasieJ240110,011Z4
intended to be 'temporary' but
nothing endures like the ephem-
eral."
Another participant noted that
very little attention was paid to
revelations of the CIA's use of
supposedly, independent opera-
tions such as "Radio Free Eu-
rope." he added, "One might
conclude that the public is not
likely to be concerned by the
penetration of overseas 'institu-
tions, at least not nearly so
much as by the penetration of
U.S. institutions."
This participant was ?quoted as.
saying, "The publie doesn't
think it's right; they don't know
where it ends; they take a look
at . their neighbors." Then he
asked whether "this suggested
expansion in use of private?iusti-
tutions should include those in
. the United States, Or U.S. insti-
tutions operating overseas?"
In response, clear distinctions
were reportedly made between
operating in the United States
and abroad, and the suggestion
was made by bissell, One
might want CIA to expand its
use of private U.S. corporations,
but for objectives outside the
'United States."
DO.InaDil3 MSC.?
. The record of the discussion
did not link comment and au-
thor, but did give a general in-
den tification 01 the men present:
There also was a diligent remo-
val from the authorized, report-
er's transcript of all specific ref-
ieriinees of agents, incidents and
the like, with One noticeable
,
In a discussion of the effect or
revelations that the CIA was fi-
nancing U.S. labor union aetivi-- -
ties abroad, it was? noted that
these disclosures had simply in-
creased the demand for such
funds from overseas labor
groups.
CIARDIR80=0160tIROO
British Guiana', labor unions
STATINTL
"were supported through CIA
conduits, but now they ask for
more assistance than bc.fore. So,
our expectations to the contrary,
there has been DO dailltig,?."
Thoate preaent and taking part
in. the discussion included Inca
who' have journeyed beck and
forth between government and
corporate work, most of whom
have remained near the center
cf the foreign policy establish-
ment.
They included Bissell, now an
executive with United Aircraft
Corp. in llartford, Conn.; former
Treasury Secretary Douglas Dil-
lon; former CIA director Allen
Dulles; Robert Amory Jr., a for-
mer deputy director of the CIA;
Meyer Bernstein, director of in-
ternational affairs for the United
Steelworkers of America; 01-
umnist Joseph Kraft; former
White House aide Theodore So-
rensen of Kennedy and Johnson
days; and Philip Quigg, recently!
resigned .as managing editor of
Foreign Affairs.
. Facsimile copies of the discus-,
sin summary have been circu-
lated by "The Africa Research
Group," a dozen young scholars
in. Cambridge who take 'a radical
dissenting _view of U.S.' foreign
policy. ?
-.Reached at his home, Bisell
confirmed the authenticity of the
document.
He noted that in the discussion
that night in New York, he had
begun by saying that agent espi-
onage was the least valuable of
--three main CIA missions, behind
:reconualsance and electronic in-
telligence, the tAyo areas where.
most CIA money is spat. ?
j
LotTIA,pproved For Release 2001/03/04 :CjA7ROP_Fe-cd6
POST-DISPATcH
- 326,376
s 541,866
?
L.1
?
' 7:-"i)
I ? ,?;"
; .; ?
; .14;
- 11 ?
V
0
,
%.1 I Fl I 11'I I
By RICHARD. DUOMAN
-Chief Washington .
Correspondent of the
'? '- Post-Dispatch
. r thc CIA's covert operations, V on.6.-, -,,inembes of the 3.5-,it.,! in,??iy as "career ,..,,,,?.t?, sv,
$. said- "If the agency is to . bc , panel, inot identified but a p- 1 a
;corrfidential report being cir- .'-i- effective, it will have to malre psrchtly. Bernstein, the , Steel- , c'statrts midway' between
WASHINGTON, Sept. 25 -----? A f. ?
cul ted in Washington and Itos- ?:- use of private institutions ,on an. ck,ssical- atrent in a single c
to urges that the Central in '-expandirig scale., though those i swa6;i1:',,?17??Cicer' "Is q"ted as
i., that it . \vas common ? eration artel that of a staff
mernber involved through his -
ttellige.nee Agency improve its . relations which have 'blown' .,-lino,,,,,p,..j.ge cc en before the ex- career in mcny opc,r,ations.
:Institutions at. home. end a.broad. - "We need to operate under . ?
-' or r'61 that thc're Ilad At another point, the account
labor oPrograms. of Bissell's presentation asked
secrecy In 1-?.neteratilig Private cannot be resurrected.
deeper cover, wi'll increased - PerlOns, in international labor the question "From whom is a .
attention to the use of 'cut-outs.' ! affairs were dismayed, he said,
CIA's interface with the. rest of . over public- disclosure of this scE??..T t trc'Peral-I?'?- to b kQt
c--:
. . ,.
the world need :3 to be better ; Cl-ksr.i.1-)port. He said that."cer..,
After five s for exeinplc
protected." . I lain ,...e w a p ap e rmen ohm-
the U-2 flights were not secret ?
" clay,
Bissells presentation, as. re- 1--monsied . their difficulties by from the Russians, but those
ported in the summary, referred ,-? c.oribig AID v.ith CIA."
frequently to exposes in thej, T'it;? ?summary continued,; ozee.frations renru-dned Iii...?Illy se-
t in the ;United States and
previous year of the CIA's pene-, quoting: - the sante speaker: i with 7,03d reason," the. snus..
tration and financing of thej "Sinee. these. disclosures, the l mary said.. .
National -Student AssoCiation ; tura'.ci-f 'events has been unex-i
I "If these. overflights had'
-.inch:din, trade union 01 m'1 .,if;, .-.;-1--. -;ifr- ltli-lere- :t1,.,asi,l't,.b5:?-eill 'leake?d' to the American piess,?
and other private orpaniZatiCOIS i cp,'d 1- st
. ti oris overseas. r.'-;-, -troudie Willi interna-, . ? c, ,
, tne USA. we '-I have been
. . _ . ' Coital ilabor prograros. Indeed,:
. iforced to take action.
/31 j
, .
? i! .';??
, it/ 1...:1/
0
,?As. testa,- AID funds have...7 . 0.1
SC:el:Ct./11W thC Tr2J'S' 11 rY. 115ed to finance: in part said.
? Dot.;4.this DiliotI \vas. certain'international labor pro- k Bissell .was r,vorted to littv
tel'OrtIngPis W-Indled throil2th ? ? the sr.,,gest,ed that the CIA cold
' seli's- review and appraisal of use foreign nationals inc.rea
? The document; proposes also
that the CIA direct its covei t
.operations particularly at At-
Asia and lath: America
and make v,?ide use et agents
other than Americans,
The report is a summ a ry of .
a panel discussion on intelli- I
? pence and foreign polie.y con- ?
.ducled by the Council- en For-
' eign Relations in New York.
?
Jan. 8,. 1965.
Copies of the - document are
-.being circulated in tins counti y . 'It ,. various p,soups hadn't i
, and Europe, by a ?group of !-?adi.- ..21>acn:...,aware.
of the source of ,00relhas? been an Increase, in .
t "On a less severe level, the
cal -scholars in Cambridp;e, -ili.el?O fundin% tl-le dama.ge sub- ctri.mk.ti,, for U.S. ?labor Pr?--; sante proble.m applies to satol-
.er :on the theory and pr.aetice .-ihavo been far less titan 'capaelt4: has been embarres-
- Mass., as "a. still-relevant prim- -?...i.;c0?trent to disclosure . might .
of ? the C e n t r a I intelligence. -.tt?....cnt.red," the summary said. . Sill ll'. fOrlilerly these common
Agency" and "a fair warning -- "The CIA i-nterface with varl- ba.bor 'Unions Inter,- we were
as to the direction of the agen- hort of funds, but now they
, cy's interests and efforts." .
Leader of the 1935 discussion,
. \vas Richard -i\l. Bissell jr., a
: former CIA deputy director Who
. was in charge of the U-2, spy
\iplane program in the late 1.9a0s;
i and the - abortive ? invasion of
i
Cuba ? at the Bay of Pigs in
,. 1991. lid left the Government ill
.. 1962 and is a vice pres-ident at.
United Aircraft. Corp. as "CIA orphans" after the
? - ?Others in the group were the , secret fits,i,chsi,, seas disclosed.
pi. late .Allen W. Dulles., who had The change apparently grew
been the CIA director; Robert out of -a 1937 order by President
? Amory 3 r., who had been the Lyndon 13. ? Johnson prohibiting
deputy CIA director for intelli-- y further hidden subsidies to
,..gence; Thomas L. I-Ingh-cs, then private 'voluntary orgard?.ations.
. director of intelligence and re-. 11-e. PrQmised to .constder ,a. Pro-
posal; that the Federal Govern-
search at the Department of
:State and now president of the. ment establiah "a public-private
Carnegie Endowment for 'Inter-. mr.,..-cf:enism to provide public
liational Peace, and - Meyer. funds oPenlY fcr overseas aetiv-?
. h . itteg,of organizations which are
--- - ?I' ? ?t- r of interna-
&:raros'' and the strain on our ? lite reconnaissalnee. These are
examples of two hostile govern-
ments collaborating to keep.
operations secret from. the gnat-
-era! public of both sides. 'Un-
--..01.1s. ...:Prbiate groups, including all assume we have secret CIA .fot.tinrately, there aren't uough
business and student groups,
must he remedied." money', and they ask for more ofthese situations.,."
Returning to covert financing
early 1S39 by the Post-Dispatch, . help." - '-
Citing labor union in British; of private organizations over--
Bissell said that such.pre-
Other documents, obtained in
sho:ved ,that the, U.S. Agency Guiana as an example, he said! ss,as,
- - -- ' for International Development they_were "SUpported through , ? ... ?
had picked up tho tab for ce.r-. CIA conduits, but now they ask
b6-
tans overseas pj.ograms that : tr11,TCt assistance than had been financed secretly by
the CIA. These became known. .-- -- ----l? -
In -the summary of Bissell's
PreSentation, the report said the
. United States should make in.-
?..el?Clli.*il!! ,. Usti persons Other
_than American citizens who
"should be 'encoura.ged to de-
velop a second loyalty, more
' or less 'comparable to that of
. the 1-'merictan staff.. ,
-. "II;a.clesirability of more of-
.. fectiVe-use. of foreign nationals
, inereli&is . a.5 we shift 0111 at-
- tentb;tn to Latin America, Asia
Ecu. ..? . ; and: I:f riea, where the conduct
stm woriaApprovecliForftelettsre,20011b3/04-:
.. of , United States Ill-lima
Is is
na-
tional
pbt t: ? ? 044104b#Ourt01,601/R0
-.1 . --..-1,0 scItitiny and
i
cairitcribed " t h c summary
EfiThIlnued
0100230001-8
:11012M011
Approved For ReleaTt WRINAItyh.:(clAslirglirprV6
-1. c
./. nti during the :50s:../ 0 s eXpose . . ryhe . document reflects
. individual. assessments of Provided "limitt
\
the ? CIA by th?oso. present. but dramatic re:
1
rir . ,i li ,_
tt,_ .1.,..,,, ,d
_,,,,_, ,, - The report includes a num- flights were lat(
, 04.J.,
, her of general statements: of the caneoll
scheduled same
. ?The. -two elements of
CIA activity, "intelligence between Presie.,
. collection" and "covert ac- rimer and 1
after Francis G
' tion" or "intervention").
? ?.? shot down
-, 1' 'I 6.11 ,(1\ 4.1?,:?%) are not separated within .
sia.)
4..
.iI.J ..11.(,0...iic?t_9
4.11 ? Inc agency but are consist-
"After. five d t c, it
ercd to "overlap and inter- . .
- flights were
act. " . from the RiE
By Crocker Snow Jr. . ?The focus of classical these op,ration
Globe Staff espionage in Europe and highly. secret. in.
?
The written report of a confiden- other developed parts of
States, and wit]
itial discussion about Central Intern- the world had shifted son," read. the
gence Agency ,operations held in "toward targets in the un- these overflight
1968, a year after the public contro- derdevelopcd world." 'leaked to lbs
versy over agency involvement with .. ?Due 1.0 the clear JUHS- press, the 1.3
the National Student Assn., shp?.',', dictional botMclary be:A-lave been fors
the CIA was anxious to establish new tween the CIA and l.'l3I, thi,. action."
?contaots with other student groups, intelligence agency was The meeting, ?
foundations, .universities, labor.orga- "adverse to surveillance of was not to cons]
tiizations and corporations for its US citizens overseas (even CIA missions so
overseas wbyk. ? . ... when specifically .rcquest- characterize gc
? - . ? ed) and adverse to operat-
-
The discussion was held in Janu- . . ., ,,,.? ,,- ? ?,,- , cei)t-s and Pr?cc
mg against, t.,... ?t_ L., in L.m.. -discussion v.ms I
ary 19,63 among i?inking government United States, except for- of a council sir
officials ""d'f?1.1"cr officials' illci"d" eign,crs here as transients." "Intelligence a:
ing sevei?al f orrner CIA of ficers,
----The acquisition of a Policy."
under the a.uspices of the Council on
. secret speech by Soviet The chairm.'
Foreign Relations in New York.
. _-_ Premier Nikita Khrush-- meeting was 1
.Though no.- direct quotes are at- .chev in February 1D56 was Dillon, an i n v
................ ........--...,,,, .ix, - - J. lie I? Ul! 1:All 11,,!Ill,
tribute.d in the report, the ?pillion a classic example of the po-?.. 1-1;m1z?or who hr,
was stated by the discussion leader, litical use Of secretly cc- Washington, as undersecre- the statement that "it is
V'Richard M. Bissell Jr., formerly a quires' intelligence. The tary of State and Secretary notably true . of the subsi-
deptity director of the CIA, that: "If State Department released of the Treasury in the Xen- ?dies to student, labor and
the agency is to be effective, it will the text which, according ncdy Administration. .Cultural groups that have'-
have to make usc of private institu- to one participant, prompt- Twenty persons were recently- been publicized
tions on an expanding scale, ,though ed "the beginning of the listed aS attendhag, includ- that the agency's objective
these relations which have 'blown' si-,,lit in the Communist ing prominent former offi- was never to control their
cannot be 'resurrected." ' ? . .. ... movement." Since this cials and educators like attivities, only occasionally
. . -- speech had been specified-' Harry Howe Ransom- ofVto point them in a particu-
The discussion itlso referred to the ly targeted before ac- Vanderbilt University and lar direction, but primarily
continued utility of labor grotips and CIU ii the results meant to David B. 'Truman, presi-. to enlarge thcin and render
American corponitions to C.1)\ opera- this participant that "if yeti dent of It Holyoke Col- them more effcctiye."
tions. No such groups or corporations.- : ? get a precise target and go lege, .
?
ae
after it you .can change , ' ,In an article in the Sat-.
?r named . ? .? . - --. . . ? . . -
. The list 'included Allen ytfrclay Evening Post in May
? ? Inc. ?iwritten report, like o' thcrS hist0,1,7)02:. jetr..aiio.n.,,i: .1i.y "es_ 1
. W. Dulles, former. director 1037, Thomas Braden, who
??
sponsored by the council, is consid- - --- 1
of the CIA, and Robertshnply hiring } defend-
rather than
fsidles with Dulles ad helped set up the sub-
ered by the participants as "conci.- tahlishing pe.rsonal rola- .
ad , .
dential" and "completely off the rec7 tionships with Amory Jr., who h been' ..individuals
deputy direetor, as well as . ed the concept as a? way to
i . .,. . ?? ? - ?
ord." , ? .'
. - ? ? - ? Ahern was rerrarded as Bissell, who had been clop- combat the . seven major
/ . The .docuinen't is. being eircubited. especially usefur in the un- uty director until shortly front organizations of the
pec ?world. The after the 1.3aY of Pigs inva- Communist world in which
.. by the Africa Research Group, ?
. ''.? derdevelo 1
,small, radically oriented organizatIon statement . is made that sion, in which trio CIA was./the Russians through the
headquartered in Cambridge, because
"covert intervention on involved. . . use- of their international
'lit offers a Etill-rellwant primer -on ,
? tne underdeveloped world) The discussion took place fronts.had stolen the great
the theory and. practicc., of CIA ma- ? ,
is usiudiy designed to opci.. just a year after rcvela- words such as peace,
nipulations.:! .. , . .. . .
ate on the 'internal power lions by Ramparts Maga- tee and freedom."
.. Portions of the document balance, often with a fan ly zine c o n c e r n i n g' CIA- / The report' shows that
are scheduled to appear ShoF.t-terin objective." funded training of agents the publicity had not? been
today in the "Un.iversity ? ?The reconnaissance of . for South Vietnam at ns d,-,,,,,,,H/ In CIA n 17 7
Review," "Aitipto6a-For Releasea2001403104:urVA-RDP80-01601R000100230001=8 -c```''-
,based monthly.
STATINTL
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? 26 553
se /A-
SPEAKING 01)
:
0
F
1:1 I.11l Ij:
P'
Soturetu,/, Sept. 11: 1971
? ill; 1.77
A t /.1 " A e..;.4
hiY STEVEN L3WINE future Of the student left
On the 28th of August the movement that is the
National Student .,\ssociation transcendent concern. How the
? ? concluded its annual National NSA can play a tactical role in
Student Congress with an all, the movement.
night plenum, having raied This year, as usual, a
issues over 11 days that i of radieal heavies,
t
:would not be able to lay back Dave Dellinger, John Froini,
number
: clown any too easilY. waa) et al; and non-radieal heavies,
_ Colorado State University to mcGoveri et at, were in at-
witness some of the festivities, tent-lanceto isobbv for ttie-?3-
? No end, literally, to intri????ii ? -
0-
??????. ,,,-..7.-7, -?-.".--.:
fli
) I H ft if'"ti i 1 ia,, .??????
rr--
1, I \::.:-.1 .....--.-J 1..!?????,:,
14 \:\J
of loyal inside:as he woull ?
manipulate a mei-ger of NSA Was comparatively free or the
with the more mod3rath no moral passion that have,
schoehassociated s t?tr e n t as had sometimes bee" tile
governine,nts and have his sta., case previously, made it even
dent Tarnm,Dny Holl all -set to more chaotic. There were
operat:c. flow accurate several disruptions, by non-
'rumors were eannot exactiv white caucuses and women's
were quickly and neatly co-
say, ha there were Lowenstein caucuses, caucuses, for instance, that
hoopla there, out' they were
'(''71711
'

evidently (-pane busy. opted.
A demand for heavy
oup,onn fuilEilng _by - black
students was rejected hi a
. be all that as it may, the of-
, onspiracy, confusion , did 1:- men/. For a -we,A; of small a ia,:r, ., Jaearincr the worst.,
feet of the rumor was elect:1j-
, . ? particular styles of commit-- i
:
The NSA has spent the mauy we. nt ovets. the issue, grounds ment of 'voter reg,ist.ration .strnitaar t b 0 ti gli everyone
. .),
i t. , ? since its' El ception ji/ an with the voting eclzgatcs. The. , earni?laigns; dicl not go down for ? staydd 111-, ill Light, and there
.: ongoing identity ' crisis. It colitention was basically over : AfrGovc-iyi, etc, They did. ratify , v,..as'7,,i,?ntsy of sex and (I,-,Th-,, the
, as a sort of ilfltiomil Ion in for
. : might, for an anyoite Luov,,s, the question of electoral . a stuctent union proposal and ,. nia,,,!trincss of a lot of earlier
have been originally conceived politics.
. ' they did ele.ct a NVOifinn preSi- laeetizgs was absi3i.
- the exchange of iWer-earnInlil argued convihcing,ly by some to
Inc IS vote was .).., dent v,ho fen clearly to the left ,' yipple delegation behls.
of compactnisc.? So the NSA did
",. student experierice; maybe a ,:. have created- a swing-vote not realty change
- student ICC; . may an power bloc that the NSA should
, organizational tool for joint There being inore student no less,
'direction. . wildcat session with an age.naa
devote its eneredes? to organiz- . revointi-c;naries than ever, it eiscussion of tactics. 1.`,11)01 ct-
and a _ser.i.a.o.t,is
mg than ever. .
p ,-?-?.. interesting- aspect of the coil-
vrrhich bi.iiis, us to the most ne protest from any quarter.
?quirements was iirgyl, 1111/1 1,t-
oil. Terence process. As a stVe-
. The o v c r w 11 e lin i n gim-
. find. An that, and soma
frustration too. ? group discussions at v,-;';i?-?11 they fleTe'le':ates defeated
theASG
were resource personae!, they 1. merger; inticle no big endorse-- eid S flit sthr.itfut guitt, bag..
cinanana leap away fia?ii the
s sintient, activities, foreign study; T ii e lef[jst contiagents, responded more :revolutionarily 1 ti I re-
rnent of c r c ;
prog,rams and ?,?
; which included the outgo
But with the politicization of ?. association lea dor shi
the university ennlinunitY however, was unconvinced
evolution tended toward a
radically developed national the worltine,-witiain-the-s
score, and plugged for radi
activisM instead.
L oiniacion , of NS ''iesictent David Ifshin
government policy. It was this his campus forecast, "Mere is
outlined the whole problem in
j tendency, this vision maybe;
/ 'that would involve the CIA in politics on campus now, but
gnat interest in electoral
underlie NSA politic.s to date.
the NSA's business, arld'izita. there's ?a lot of underground
- The quesijon of what kind if that?
organizing going on too." Got
: possible leftist power base the ? Into ?Ccfaspiracy
' 500 member schools comprise
? rernains a basic' consideratiOn Toward the . end. of the con-
gress it began to emenge. that,
? for the associptfon's P011tIenans.
come the delegate voting
A great deal of effort has gone sessi?"s? s?111e? we're
into the attempt to expand the -going to ineve the question
- .NSA 's actual function, from- ITT-13 rersuasivn '"cr into e?11-
communication to action, the s1-?4racY'
clear preponderance of thut To wit: The rumor got roima
. effort is fruitless still. that former New York
i an
irom an issue standpoint, for ? It e eseni'ljvc
at least six. years Inc NSA has ' LoweF.istein had reached a few
been overwhehningly leftist, of the delegates in advance and
tutopting the radical stmiee Ii ii 111.nehine. at work to tura
on
Inni
and imperialism. Hy now its
questions of racism, .sexism Intlitiritotah:ttitxtiztl;:p)gliin4blo
positions on- the broad ,can- leverage .at -the Democt?atie
student? -ion of the type that in
, countz?ics is a decisive
body in 1
Lftist constituency with certain pression of the wholc.scene was
cal basic tenets has evolved, so has that it was lugubriously
a concomitant representativ, businesslike. Despite some of
power politic. what is 'se' that old "off-the-instifution" .
fascinating to watch at such a spirt, attacks on the- relevancy
con,gress is the pentielart_likc, of the NSA, per se, therc.
tbheelia?sqeocrreotf. tetalettcpussui,ifigicsi,panttisle; seemed to be a general feeling
midnight ?can vassings, the that what was transpiring at
shrewd e in p 1 0 y men t of Port Collins was important.
After years of secining,ly
floor management. ?Some NSA:
parliamentary Procedure, the unrewarding campus stumping,
that student union dram has,
r.6.1)ftive.l'slicayrcatE?elx-IY\'?ecallr avveatirele'aloll begun to make some sense. Thai
,pwe'llv6,:elnr ttleyi., there represent etsee ilL a 1 iciderlivilai ? itillilire3triergsooil?ele:ael,(1?1,7ctliEnosiliicfsilitiell eddillenaaal stli1(11:/livitc)iat11111 .
from them. ? ?veil,political environment. ? The
..?,..2ifif,,rit.r..1L, this? conaress cthheansglemsstniiiaoctlic-s,vrsocteif_eaxnpreenscsliotiol s
? - - o campus confrontationalism
have been at work in the corn- , ,
munity at large. A new
sophisticated student polity ba,:
: its tough times still ahead. ./
sidcrations are grantkitito.vepaptyit.-c,EIT!R intirtle hop
co.u-,i=1611mta * 2001 /03/04 : CI:A-RDP80-01601R000100230001-8
DATERIZ?tarfOlIAL Ar-A/1-13
Sept 1973_
Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-ADAP190.-601
N L
. VLADIMIROV
?
V I in I UN I L
huperiali4 Intel
-and -Propaganda ?
IN OUR DAYS, the role of ?propaganda and in-
telligence as major foreign policy instruments .
of the imperialist states is growing all the time.
:13. Minty, an American professor, emphaSises
that the functions of camouflaged ideological
' Coercion and subversion of world law and order
are being carried out by means of propaganda.'
In effect, Murty recognises the close connection
between propaganda and intelligence
. The intelligence agencies do not, of course,
'conduct their propaganda activity openly, but
?
they posse.ss the necessary means to promote
ideological subversion abroad, and render it :1
1110F e effective. A network of secret agents and - f
paid informers, bribed newspaper and magazine o
publishers, corrupt politicians and adventurers, ?
to whom the intelligence service ?assigns the role c
of "charity workers" and "educationalists"? 0
all this makes it possible for the intelligence p
service to exercise anonymous control in spread-
ing propaganda and disinformation. ? -p
t./ Richard Helms, the head of the. CIA, stated s
in a memorandum to the government, that the E
- psychological warfare must be placed fully under b
the control of the US intelligence service. Psy-
chological warfare, he 'stressed, is a sphere of S
government activity which must be dealt With F
7 only by professionals acting in secret. An Ame- ie
rican professor, Ransom, who for ?a long time e
.took part in the military research programme of it
? Harvard University, holds that the role of the T
? CIA in undertaking political and psychological ?. n
subversive acts has .increased so much ..that it 11
? r
:fil
20
.po ng the intelligence service "The. tit
. ? In
?: 3 See 13. Murty, Propaganda and World Public Order. ? fo
,The Legal Regulation of the Ideological Instrument of
cOerCi011i New liaven?London, 1968, p. 11. ?
? 2 -ce 11.? Ransom, The Intelligence 'n?lablishment,.
Cambridge (Ma.), .1970, pp. 94, 239..
agent influencing political -affairs abroad is be-
coming a central figure," wrote Bergh, a West
German expert on intelligence..3
In this way, a kind Of an organisationally
independent sphere of so-called ? unofficial
propaganda is forming. In the opinion of West-
ern specialists and politicians, this type of pro-
paganda has a number of advantages over the
:official one. A report. "The American Image
Abroad", submitted to the American Senate in
1968 by the Republican Coordinating Coin,
mittee, stresses that the material being spread b -
ion-governmental agencies is accepted in
oreign countries with greater trust than that put
ut by the government. In view of this, the coin-
ilittee recommended the government to en-
oiirage by every- possible means the American
rganisations issuing information and pro-
aganda material for foreign -countries.
A vivid example of the kind of unofficial pro-
ap,-anda directed- against the USSR and other /
ocialist countries is the activity of Radio Free ?N1
urope, officially an independent organisation,
ut virtually controlled by the US authorities.
Speaking in the US Senate in January 1971,
enator C. Case said that 1,642 employees ,of
ree Europe and about 1,500 professional work-
rs of the Liberty radio station were maintain-
d .by the CIA. These subversive centres make
se of 49 transmitters bought with CIA money..
he American intelligence service expends an-
ually over $30 million on these radio saboteurs;
undreds .of millions of dollars have travelled
am the US state treasury to the accounts of
adio Free Europe and Radio Liberty for over
years. As for the. assertions that they are
lance from. "private donations", it transpires
at these donations do not even cover advertis-
g expenses on appeals- to the American public
r money.
The US intelligence agencies secretly subSi-
. ? ? .
ths econie a major instrument of political war,
and has far exceeded the functions determined
by the ?law.on ,th.e establishment of the tI.A.2
Some bourgeois scholars call this process
3 11. i3ergh, ABC der ,SPione, 1.)fallenhofen, 1965, p. 83.
Approved For Release 2001103/04 f Q.JA-RDP80-01601R000100316010f-t
STATINTL
larrni V aria I
Approved For Release 2uulOuri?': C:1ATI? DP80
?
"...Althollgh phi mtire series of -els-
. cuss3.osts wns "off the ,recortl", the
? subject of eiseussion for ,th!s po,r-tleu-
? tar meetiog eias especir.o.ly ?setstlye
.r.roz1 tt:Nect to the prerious3y. -
D31117.5"a restr/ctio;:t?."
?C. Do.vglasi):1;on
?
:DyThf.=1Ack.:-:a.t:t P..e:i.:11.1.*Ch Group
rivalries, to he sure, but once the cleci-
sio.hs arc rcacived at the top they arc
carried out with. the monolithic tone of.
state power. ?
;
The intelligencecommunity now
plays an expanded and critical role in
creating and administering the real
stuff or American foreign policy; CIA.-
. The Central. Intelligence Agency is Director Richard Helms presides over a
one .of the few governmental agencies U.S. Intelligence Board which links the
.whose public image has actually im- secret services of all government agen-.
Lproved as a result of the publication of cies, including the FBI. In the White
j :the Pentagon Papers. Despite disolo- House, Henry Kissinger presides over
Sures .of "The Agency's" role in assassi.- an expanded National Security Counci
.nations, sabotage, and coup d'etats . structure which Turther.centralizes
consciously intended to subvert intei-na- covert foreign policy planning. It is here
,
Conti! law, America's secret agentry that the contingency plans are cooked
has actually emerged in some quarters up and the "options" ?so Careful]
:with the veneration due prophets, or at 'worked out. It is in these closed chair,
? least the respect. due its suggested effi- .bers. and strangclovian "situation
ciency and accuracy. . rooms" that plans affecting the lives o
Virtually every. newspaper editor, not millions are formulated for subsequen
tO .mention Daniel Ellsberg himself,. has execution- by a myr.iad of U.S. con
heaped praise on the CIA for the accu- trolled agencies arid agents.
racy of its estimates detailing the U.S. . _Increasingly, these schemes rely on
defeat in Vietnam..Time and again, the covert tactics whose full tl;eanillg is sei
Agency's "level headed professional- ,dom perceived by the people affected .
ism" has been contrasted with the esca-? be they Americans or people of foreig,
lation-overkill orientation of the Penta- countries.- The old empires', with thei
61-1 or the President's advisors. The colonial administrators- and civilizik,
v..
.. j?editor of the Christian Science Monitor mission have given way to the more.
even-called upon policy makers tQC011- subtl.c craftsman Of intervention. Their
-suit ;the CIA more. calling it a "re- manipulations take place in the front
markably accurate source of informa- rooms of neo-colonial institutions and
'tion.' But such backhanded praise for. the parlors of dependent third World
'Conspirators confuses public under- elites. In this world of realpolitik,-. ap-
Standing of the important and closely pcarances are often purposely deceptive
integrated role which the CIA plays in and political- stances intentionally mis-
advancing the Pax Americana on a leading. The U.S. aggression in Viet-
global scale.- -? nam, lest' anyone forget, began as-a
, For man.y, the Pentagon Papers -covert involvement largely engineered'
provided a- first peek into the inner by the CIA. Similar covert intervenE
;sanctum of foreign policy making. As. ? tions now underway elsewhere in the
the government's attempt to suppress world may be fueling. tomorrow's Viet-
the study illustrates, the people are not nams. ? . .. ., .
supposed to have access to the real 1. is for this reason that the Africa
plans of their government. On close Research Group, an independent null--
inspection, what emerges is not an "in' - cal rcse:Irch collective, is now makitig
?'
- isible government" but an indivisible 'public major excerpts 11-0iii a document
system in which each agency offers its which offers an informed insider's vie,
own specialized input, and is-delegated of the.secret workings of the American
its own slice of responsibility. Coorcli- intelligance appartitus abroad. Never *The complete text ofthe document will ?
ntited inter-departmenttAl agencies work ..intencled for publication, it was made be. availtible for SI in late October from.
out the division of imperial labor. The available to the Group whic.ht will pub- Africa Research Group, P.O. Box 213,
are disk
gApproved Prot ReThisel 20011Q1404c):,,ClAQROP,80104 601 ROOCil 00230001 -8-
Cambrid2,c, Mass. 02138.. ,
CIA manipulations.
Richard Bissell, the man who led the ,)
Council discussion that night, was well
equipped to talk about the CIA. A one-
time Yale. professor and currently .an
executive of the United Aircraft Corpo--
ration, Bissell served as the CIA's Dep-
. uty-IP,irector until he "resigned" in the
wake of the abortive 1961 invasion of
u.ba. The blue-ribbon group to which
he spoke included-a' number of intellig-,
cnce experts including Robert Amory,.
Jr.:, another former Deputy Director,
and-the late CIA chief,Allen Dulles,
,Iong considered the grand hidman of
American. espionage. Their presence
was important enough an occasion for
international banker Douglas Dillon to
?
? 17A-STFINT.O.N.iO
Approved For Release 20014),3/04,-: 9-ii-ge9R-811N.071111L6
u 1-111U
). tuiln-k ,t 17,P
?r.
A Commentary
.By Nicholas von Hoffman
A
?
or tift?
_
l'ail'il is in his second -term as city councilman hi Madi-
son. When first elected, he was regarded as some kind.
of unspeakably filthy menace, but now he's t>resitlent
?.. FORT COLLINS, Colo.--The world at large has never pro-tem of the City Council.
let the. National Student Association alone to play its Al) old NSAer, he came to the NSA congress to renew
games. In the old day S the CIA infiltrated it and used political acquaintances. "This. 1.8??year-old vote has got
the country's student organization for its Own secret me scared," he remarked. The last time I ran for City?
purposes, But this year, although the CIA is long -since Council they put up a 21-year-old in against me be-
exposed and driven out, the outside world was still cause they said she could relate to youth better."
present at NSA's annual conference here.. . But Paul also wonders about what he's doing: "When
? - It was inescapable, for this is the year Of the 18 -year- you're in office on see things differently..You 1:110Vr;
old vote and the pols arc on the prowl trying to figure you're going to have to explain what is happening on
out how to cop it. So, there were Tashi& people, and the streets to the other members of the council. You
Bayb people, and McCarthy people, and Socialist Party have to fight off the tendency to go to your own people.
people, all kinds of them sniffing, probing, trying out and ask them not to do it. I don't know. I think we've
and hoping to set up a national network to capture this .done sonic good, things, but I also know we can't do
electoral mother lode. anything about the important issues, the ones having
It wasn't just the .politicians; every cause sees these to do with economies:, ..
young 'people as is means of triumph. Ergo, the Wo- The NSA congress also had to contend with the tug
pen's National Abortion Action Coalition came and set of doing it the old way: the marches, the demonstra-
up Ei booth, as did the American Civil Liberties Union, tions and the disruptions. Dave Dellinger and John
and - the Vietnam - Vets Against the War, and even Froines, two of the Chicago conspirators, v.:Cre here
Amorphia, Inc., an organization ?,hat has copyrighted to urge another big Washington uproar this fall.
the ilarile "A.Caplaeo Gold" for its cigarette papers. All
Dellinger was his perennial, pugnaciously passive
profits from their sale are to be used to help the fight
self, a quiet, unbudgeable man who does like it if a
to legalize marijuana, said Mike, the official freak rep-
friend remembers to bring him a really smokeable
resentative, who added that the papers-are actually roan-
cigar. Froines has changed from the straightly tight
ufactured from Weed but. are legal becatise they won't
young chemistry professor that the government unac-
get you high.countably looped into the most famous trial of the
- There was little, if ?any, dope smoking A the ?con-
ago. He's- put-. on weight and gotten so expansively
ferencei which ranall of last week. Not much juicing,
lovable that people seek him out just to talk 'to him,
either. It may be that the 500 -or 600 delegates from
Xe's become the radical who can laugh at -himself:
schools everywhere felt that too much is pressing down
"The other day a woman asked what do I do? I told
on them; they may sense that The Great Party Is Over.
her I'm a professional political prisoner." .?
. Certainly they were torn and ag,gravated by enough
On Thursday, Sen. George McGovern, (D.-Si).) came
, issues: an appeal by the French' National Student Un-
to talk to the students. Froines stood at the edge of
.lcin to make common cause With them against the
the crowd, chuckled and. said, "Yon know the Chicago
trials of the deposed. Czechoslovakian leaders, a cry
Eight (counting Bobby Scale) have great political pow-
for help frmn the politically stricken students of Brazil;
era We can defeat any candidate merely by endorsing
an invitation, to line up with Israel against the Arabs, or
him"
vice versa; a demand by Gay Lib that they join in
' . i'.
overthrowing, heterosexuality and imperialism. - He ddn t say .if he was going to do McGovern that
So .much, so many questions and causes that the favor. He needn't have bothered because one of the
youth . world had almost' playfully collected over the senator's most famous supporters was killing off his
past few years have now come boomeranging in, de- own man. George Wald, the antiwar nobel-laureauto
mantling sober action. But of them all, the most impor- scientist, introduced McGovern with a fanfare of liberal-
tant was whether and how to take part, in next year's ineffectuality: "I'd rather lose with a good man than
, .,
electoral politics, as the NSAers phraee it... with with a bad one.
For many this isn't easy to decide. "It's a question McGovern recovered. He's better in person than on
of their identity," explained a young man from Berke-- television, warmer, more powerful and less , namby-
parnby sounding, A few of the students seemed by
ley who's trying to set up a national student lobby in
their questioning to Want to show that even McGovern,
Washington. He comes out of an experience wilare'stu-
the candidate with the left reputation, is a sellout. They
dents have taken part and almost taken over, the local failed. The senator held his own and came off a winner
government, so he's for participation, but he asaid, when they hit him .with Daniel Ellsberg's accusation
'They always ask you, 'If we go into electoral politics, that he'd offered the Pentagon papers to McGovern,
what makes us any different from a liberal? How are who'd turned them down.
they going to tell us from the liberals?' "_ Ellsberg is big here. Few of the students:appreciate -
Nor are 1j,,,,?,isEcivin slie iii4...rej.L___, insubak,In 11,11, nU....h.ovak:a Avii
of radical Mei.v1W?dnrcgt(in-1.14- v4Wit l'ULFsi,dtkOtl" MI' IF, (II"
stecessfully aren't sure. One such is 26-year-old Paul Albert Speer were an American, he'd he Daniel Ells-
Soglin, a law student at the University of 'Wisconsin. berg. McGovern hinte.d. at something like that when
CIIIIISTIAIL SCIENCE 11Q.Nr..0011
Approved For Release 2093/031043FCIA-RDP80-01601R
lq\ /
k/i r'il y -4) (;_.3 trt? e? ? ,,???.-, . i. t; ? '? ?
e
?
-
o LYO Le..7 ?
-14..
Dy '11.1-64-y atubln
Stull correspondent of
The Christian Science Monitor
Fort Collins, Colo.
- United States student bodies are groping
for new directions in the wake of the 1i-year-
old right to vote and disenchantment with
politics in the streets. The struggle has been
acted out in Byzantine parliamentary ma-
neuverings here at the 2,f,th congress of the
National Student Association.
Despite the omnipresent awareness of the
.power of the 18-year-cld vote, a sizable
number of delegates to the NSA conference
are wary of being labeled as completely
preoccupied with electoral politics.
Me.rgeT plan clErcated
At a midweek plenary session, more than
the necessary one-third voted to defeat a pro-
posed merger with the Associated Student
Governments,,a more conservative student
'group based on schools that withdrew from
NSA in-1984.-
. .
Supporters of the proposed merger, which
would have brought the combined full mem-
.bership to nearly NO campuses, argued the
crucial importance of the coming school
year because of the student vote and the
upcoming presidential election:
"If you can ? . . add to your available
tactics electoral pOlitics, you should vote for
us;" urged Duane Draper, of the University
of Oklahoma, president of the ASG.
GraSF3 row..e stres3eA
But Charles Palmer, a former NSA presi-
dent, now working in the New Haven
mayoral race while attending Yale Law
School, stressed the opposition argument in
.a voter-registration workshop: "In the eu-
phoria the passage of the 26th Amendment
(18-year-old vote), some have forgotten that
other programs exist. It's important to see
that this (electoral politics) is only one
tool.''
He added, "The greatest short-run impact
is not in presidential elections but in getting
into local institutions like school boards,
- 0
C71 (rn Nc:7-
(j.,,.i V .LIJD.
arid municipalities, and showing how un-
responsive they are." ?
.The merger, proposal originally passed by
a two-thirds margin reflecting very real
interest among the majority of delegates in
form of electoral politics. But before the
voting procedure was officially closed it was
halted by a relatively mild take-over of the
stage by "third world" students demanding
funds from NSA.
When the plenary resumed heavy lobbying
by opponents of the merger changed enough
votes to defeat it. ? .
The arguments used to defeat the merger
--which were carried on with immense pas-
sion?reflect current turmoil in NSA caused
by the prospect of power.
15-). vr,.. ?
CA- ? ?
In the midst of an uncertain period for the
student movement, many delegates feared
the merger was a take-over from the Right.
The ASG in past years has received open
endorsement of the Nixon administration.
.Its delegates, at their last convention repu-
diated the spring antiwar plans of NSA, and
the People's. Peace Treaty which NSA mem-
bers had "negotiated" with North and South
Vietnarnse students.
However, ASG president Duane Draper
insists that his organization has grown more
liberal, pointing to their public criticism of
the 'Nixon administration in March, after
meeting with government officials, and to
his visit to South Vietnam in July with a
group of American students who expressed
solidarity with antiwar Saigon students..
CIA plot rumored
Opponents disputed Mr. Draper's insis-
tence that the merger was aimed solely at
widening the base of the student organiza-
tion to multiply the impact of the student
vote. More radical students muttered of a
Central Intelligence Agency plot to take
over the NSA. After the defeat, Mr. Draper
complained angrily, ''They've thrown away
the chance to substantially affect the 1972
elections."
Complicating the issue. was an attempt by
many merger supporters to combine it with
a link, to a National Student Lobby, now be-
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calGREss'rani. QuAnTo)TY
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On the
Issues
CIA: CONGRESS IN D ELC
Since ? the Central Intelligence :Agency was given
authority in 1949 to operate without normal legislative
Oversight, an uneasy tension has existed between an un-
informed Congress and an uninformative CIA.
In the last two decades nearly 200 bills aimed at
making the CIA more accountable to the legislative
branch have been introduced. Two such bills have been
reported from committee. None has been adopted.
The push is on again. Some members of Congress
are insisting they should know more about the CIA and
?about what the CIA knows. The clandestine military
operations in Laos run by the CIA appear to .be this
- year's impetus.
Sen. Stuart Symington ?(D Mo.), a member of the
? Armed Services Intelligence Operations Subcommittee
and chairman of the Foreign Relations subcommittee
dealing with U.S. commitments abroad, briefed the
Senate June 7 behind closed doors on how deeply the
CIA was involved in the Laotian. turmoil. He based his
briefing on ,a staff report. (Weekly Report p. 1709, 1660,
1268)
He told the Senate in that closed session: "In all my
committees there is no real knowledge of what is going on
in Laos. 'We do not know the cost of the bombing. We do
not know about the .people we maintain there. It is a
secret war."
As a member of two key subcommittees dealing with
the activities of the CIA, Symington should be privy to
more classified information about the agency than most
other members of Congress. But Symington told the Sen-
ate he. had to dispatch two committee staff in-embers to
Laos in order to find out what the CIA was doing.
If Symington does not kno,.v what the CIA has been
doing, then what kind of oversight function does Congress
exercise over the super-secret organization? (Secrecy
fact sheet, Weekly Report p. 1785)
A Congressional Quarterly examination of the over-
sight system exercised by the legislative branch, a study
of sanitized secret documents relating to the CIA and
interviews with key staff members and members of Con-
gress indicated that the real power to gain knowledge
about. CIA activities and expenditures' rests in the bands
.
of four powerful committee chairmen and several key
members of their committees?Senate and House Armed
Services and Appropriations Committees.
The extent to which these men exercise their power
in ferreting out the' details of what the CIA does with its
secret appropriation determines the quality of legislative
oversight on this executive agency that Congress voted
into existence 24 years ago.
The CIA Answers to...
?
As established by the National Security Act of 1947
(PL 80-253), the 'Central Intelligence Agency was ac- . ?
.
countable to the President and the -Nalj'onal Security
Approved For Release 2001/03/04
BOUT kir:v:Tivrilris, spEnof:hmo
Council. In the original Act there was no language which
excluded the agency from scrutiny by Congress, but also
no provision which required such examination.
To clear up any confusion as to the legislative intent
of the 1947. law, Congress passed the 1949 Central Intel-
ligence Act (PL 81-110) which exempted the CIA from all
federal laws requiring disclosure of the "functions,. names,
official titles, salaries or numbers of personnel" employed
by the agency. The law gave the CIA director power to
spend money "without regard to the provisions of law
and regulations relating to the expenditure of govern-
ment funds." Since the CIA became a functioning organi-
zation in 1949, its budgeted funds have been submerged
into the general accounts of other government agencies,
hidden from the scrutiny of the public and all but a se-
lect, group of ranking members of Congress. (Congress
and the Nation Vol. I, p. 306, 249)
THE SENATE
??
In the Senate, the system by which committees
check on CIA activities and budget requests is straight-
forward. Nine men?on two committees?hold positions
of seniority which allow them to participate in the re-gular
annual legislative oversight function. Other committees
are briefed by the CIA, but only on topical matters and
not on a regular basis.
Appropriations. William W. Woodruff, counsel
for the Senate Appropriations Committee' and the only
staff man for the oversight subcommittee, 'explained that
when the CIA comes before the five-man subcommittee,
more is discussed than just the CIA's budget.
"We look to the CIA for the best intelligence on the
Defense Department budget that you can get," Woodruff
told Congressional Quarterly. He said that CIA Director
Richard Helms provided the subcommittee with his
estimate of budget needs for all government intelligence
operations.
Woodruff explained that although the oversight
subcommittee was responsible for reviewing the CIA bud-
get, any ? substantive legislation dealing with the agency
would originate 'in the Armed Services Committee, not
Appropriations.
? No transcripts are kept when the CIA representative
(usually Helms) testifies before the subcommittee. Wood-
ruff said the material: covered in the hearings was so
highly classified that any transcripts would have to be
kept under armed guard 24 hours a day. Woodruff does ,
take detailed notes on the sessions, however, which are
held for him by the CIA. "All I have to do is call," he
said, "and they're on my desk in an hour."
Armed Services. "The CIA budget itself does not
legally 'require- any review by Congress," said T. Edward
Braswell, chief counsel for the Senate Armed S6rvices
Committee and the only staff man used by the Intelli-
gence Operations Subcommittee.
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I
,
A Liberated Woman Despite Beauty, Chic and Success
f
t first glance, Gloria Steinem could a male ruled society. "It's been like get-
piss for what one women's libel a- ting a message fi nm Gandhi," says Liz
?
tionist has called the sir icatype of the Smith, an aheady successful free-lance
Eteinal Feminine ... the Sexual Object journalist who was convened in the
sought by all men, and by all women." course of preparing a magazine piece on
In hip-hugging raspberry Levis, 2-inch Steinem a year and a half ago. 'She has
wedgies and tight poor-boy T-shirt, her the dedication, the ability to point you
long, blond-streaked hair falling just so in the direction you should be going.
above each breast apd her cheerleader- Gloria has all the irritating qualities of a
pretty face made wiser by the addition saint?she is a rebuke."
4.;
of ' blue-tinted glasses, she is a chic What gets nearly everyone about .-,
apotheosis of with-it cool. Tier cheek- Steinem as Liberationist is that she ? - :
bones are broad and high, her teeth Didn't Have To. One of the basic as--;
i '':''.
white and even; the fingernails on her sumptions from outside that has curseo ,.... . .
tapered hands are as long and carefully the movement since its inception (a time 2
tended as a tong chiefs and any old dating roughly from the publication of ' . : . ':-:
swatch of cloth rides like a midsummer Friedan's "The Feminine Mystique" in 4
I
night's dream on what one woman friend 1963) is that those who reject woman's i
calls her "most incredibly perfect body." traditional role must be losers who can- /....? ,
In normal times, Steinem brings these not play the game according to COM*011- i ),..,,,,,,,,::: ,
dazzling physical gifts to a trade?jour- tional rules and so seek to change the / i
nalism?where they are at best irrele- game. Steinem, on the other hand, is to
vant and at worst a little out of place, all appearances a Winner and a Beauti-
like a harp on a cross-town bus. She is a ml Person, too. At 35; she has danced at
regular political columnist for the trendy all the best discotheques, traveled to
Eastern magazine New York, and most four continents and turned down most
of the larger slick magazines have pub- of the best TV talk-shows. Not least,
lished her stuff and would like to pub- Steinem has rejoiced in presumably
lish a lot more. But for the past year, she meaningful relationships?though only
has been roving the country to raise one at a time?with director Mike Nich-
money and consciousness for the still oh, track star Baler Johnson, playwright
amorphous and revolutionary state of Herb Sargent and a few other super-
mind called the Women's Liberation worthies; extra suitors pile up outside
Movement, speaking in pithy anger ("If her door like half-cords of hickory, and
men could get pregnant, abortion would eminences from John Kenneth Galbraith
be a. sacrament") to college girls and to Sen. George McC.Nvern to Cesar Cha-
welfare mothers, to young revolutionar- vez are proud to call her friend. It is an l- , ? ..:
ies and however many tailored subur- exciting and high-flying life, and her
ba n. nites \\,ill turn out to liste political voice has given I
it soul. "Now I
Out front, within a. remarkably short feel I'm doing something nobody else?
. -
time, Steinem has become the move- can do," she says. "If someone else cal i' . .:.:;:.:'
ment's most sought-after spokesman, its do it, then it's not for me. In so much i , -- ' ::-. -
f.. 1' .,,
best fund-raiser, its prime missionary to of what women do?being a secretary, ! ,.
,
the heathen and its most disarming pull- doing the ?housework?you are always f' '
lie-relations prop. In the back room, she made to feel like an interchangeable i'' ::::,, - :::,i
is its leading mediator, speechwriter and moving part."-:: -::::.''--,. : 'i:':::,
, : .,..,?:
ecumenicist. She is one of the leaders? ?: ,. :,:..,,,? ? ,
i W i
along with Congresswomen Shirley Chis-
Sexist orld Wth Sexist Values
. .,, ,
holm and Bella Abzug and the National The women's movement and the world , ,
Organization for Women's founder, Betty outside it sometimes have a little trouble
Friedan?of the newly formed National believing in Steinem's sense of commit- - ::: , . .
Women's Political Caucus (NEWSWTEK, 'neut. Bewildered cavaliers like David ri' -'s t; '''''' t''-
,-,,,, -::: i . , qiiiiiiiii '''':iiiiiilriln, \
July 20), which seeks to make women Susskind (on whose show she has often .....,,, : .,
-_----:-. , , i ,
and women's issues a full partner in cv- appeared) continue to shake their heads ':: .: !
cry step of the American political proc- and rattle the incantation, "What Gloria ' ' -: : ,-:- ?
,
live politicians out of office. movement grapple with more tangible - ": ''' - "I'''1.:e - , . , ,
ess, from ward heeling .to voting inatten- needs is a man. Roundheads" inside the
And where her public and private problems. Some few women (like some
life overlap, Steinem is an ad i hoc Best few blacks), have always been able to : -
' Friend to American Womanhood ar :combine good -head, good heart, good
large, talking in the flesh and by phone 'body and good connections to make their ..-,
to dozens of women every week about mark in a white male-defined 'society, - ::- :-:
.;:;-- .
the myriad problems and infuriations of . but those are precisely the gifted, blessed ., ..?,, . , . ' -?Au'ik. 1,1,1,211-
living their lives and doing their jobs as few whom the, movement is most suspi- KCI1 Re:zan -Calnern 3
serfs (she precAppromed"ForsReleasei200-4?03104%100-1A-RDP8041601140001100123001 lir "e face
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/of Appeals which is '
13y TOM WERTZ rhe man is William B. Richardson, a exoected to decide.
Tribune-Review Staff Writer 52-year-old Greensburg resident, shicient any day now whether the case is of
'When the federal government tells of Coristit.itienal law, husband, father of such conseqiienee Constilidionally to
you it spends 100 million dollars each three, a southerner. by birth, former warrant a full hearing on the merits by
year on agricultural rese,?:Irci?? it rnay, _government employe int(' former insur- a tin e..2,? if the ease gets; to
in fact, be spending only 50 million. ance linaug,er v,110 Pl'c'sentlY Inal';es a the point o'f.: dlocussin merits, he said,
When it says it receives and_ expends living by invesligidh-ig cases for the the court will liaae no cliOiCQ. but to -
80 million dollars to study Inc impi:tet of Westmoreland County rkfenier's declare the Central Iniehtigence Ae,ency
foreign imports on the American Office. . . ' Act of 1919 unconstitutional. It is
market, it may be spericling only 45 massive prima ? ? through that congressional act that the
million on that project. Richardson believes firmly that the government manipulates the budget, to
When it says that the total educatiOn-
unaccounted for, secret maintenance of aflow Inr secilet six-ndjng.
al budget for the year 1.M was 30 a clandestioe agency, such as the CIA, What motivates Richardson? And
billion dollars, Inc actual money ex- violates the United States Constitution v.-hat is his overriding concern on CIA
pended for educational purposes 11101
in a nurnber of respects and rediices the sPall.ding?
have been two billion short of that
? goveriment to a deliberate perpetration With only traces of his southern ac-
amount. of a massive fraud against the Ameri- cent showing here and there:, Richard-
Where's the other money going? Some can people.
son made it clear that. he is both
of it, 01' all of it, is going to support the in 1937, Richal dson, then a claims repulsed and Light en by what the
'sup er -sc c r et Central Intelligence
manheier for an insurance company, put CIA is PurperiedlY Co II \vial pititlic
.Agency (CIA) Wiaich carries out eh-is-
his personal success on the block, so to money.
sified, clandestine projects ? all over the eak _?,, __?.
world in the name of national security. J11(.-U L;11,11- me govern- itilherolliqv ? WywrIg
run
, t. in an attempt. to force the U.S. "I feel it's Ii ii Ivrong and the
Wu` just- much IrmileY cxrenc' Treasury De.partment to stop publica- reasons are obvious", he said. "It's one,
ed, from Id-1;n regulir government
lion of what he regarded as a (him,- to hide funds used in international
-agency the money is taken, aiio-
id Incthe
fraudulent accounting of public spend- efforts to accumulate power . . but it's
ture and scope of secret Wolv. it sup-.
ing because the government achnittedly
.ports, 110 one outside of the very tight the raoar.,,,, it swat rnci, In ittrev zitnooctiliireercilltilhineg f,?1:)init.i.?telN,1,:e..onttrf uon?c\lisi.
inner circle of government really - (Liu 11?1
. moreover, purposely distortedaccounts peop,e. _
knows.
expenditures to hide from
' of all listed ex
. . And that, he 5;aid. is what the CIA op-
mntriCa.te Sysiem,
.
the cc what it allocates to the CIA. pears to be doing. .
Suecificalh, Riclnrcl---.on claims a vio-
The CIA is the only United States --- - , --,- --?-; ..'_,' 0- - , - i._/? ,, i r i Richardson said his con in reached
-government fig( mm v.,hich is immune by :.,,-tics-ill-LI.cle -1,, oecoon 0., \., alt C.L 110 the point of alarm --tiad a 'detern-iination ?
congressional statute from making a United Slate.;. Constitukon winch. states .- to initiate a challenge when it was
public accounting of how it gets or , ,
clearly that ,' money shall b.e
disclosed a. few years a_ra:i by the New /
spends public tax money. The .secrecy (ifavill frml . the.. Tre.dSUIY, 1./1111 1111
York Times aiki. Ramparts magjizine 1
of its receipts and expenditures' is main- ,
consequence of appi opriations rriic,e.i \.
-); that the CIA ICS underwriting huntlreA
ti-tined throuiji a very intricate system Jaw; and a regular,stj-TI?11t, al,3.-i. '''?- of "conduits" tlroughout the United
count of the receipt., aur., exp?.11(1Lures ?tate_,
of federal ' budgeting wherein the bud- s among them the National .
of all public money shall be published "
gets of hundreds of unrelated federal Student Association, in an effort to con-
agencies ?.-.1. ranging from agriculture to from time to time. "? . . .
-, trol public thinking. ? ?
-medical research - .I h L
- are purposely "e f-i-11.3 -- '
. "Jenever in my life had any idea they
. ,1 ? 5
'inflated to hide, 'perhaps, billions of Since 1907, he has been to the United were operating in the zone of interior"
dollars diverted to the CIA by manipa- , States District Court, the Third Circuit (meaning within the. United States and
lotions within the government's Budget Court of Appeals; and the United States its possessions), he said.
Bureau, ? Supreme Court, and is now in the He said he believes that, if on-
While dozens of books and articles -.-- process, of goiging through the court checked, an organization like the CIA,
--some factual, some combinations of fact system for a second time after being with unlimited funds, undefined goals,
. and fiction --- have been written in turned ? down each step of the way On acting as a para-Military - agency in
recent years about the functions of .the procedural .matters relating to court- - ,
CIA and its role in a free society, ,only jursidiction and like issues. At no time
?one individual questioning the CIA's. On- have the courts, as yet, reached a
accountability and its. Purpose in decision on what lawyers call -"the
America has. seen fit lb chaliengeeits merits" of the case, i.e., whether the'
existence legally, through the courts, in CIA funding method violates the Consti-
Con-t -I nu od
what may become one of the nest con- tution. . -
trov,ersial Copstitiotin q_I-1
moo ern America. .-
ApOraiiecisfibriRelkilels2pOlt013/040,VALR9 P80-01601 R000100230001 -8
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la.fiY71;"01