THE CIA'S NEW COVER

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01601R000100080001-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 149
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 12, 2000
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 30, 1971
• Content Type: NSPR

NEW YORK REVIEW OF BOOKS p
Approved For Release 2001/034mcIA-RDP80-01
The CH11'..9 Hew Couer ?
The Rope Dancer
by Victor Marchetti.
Grosset & Dunlap, 361
Richard J. Barnet
PP., $6.95
In late November the Central Intel-
ligence Agency conducted a series of
"senior seminars" so that some of its
important bureaucrats could consider
its public image. I was invited to
attend one session and to give my
views on the proper role of the
Agency. I suggested that its legitimate
activities were limited to studying
newspapers and published statistics,
-listening to the radio, thinking about
the world, interpreting data of recon-
naissance satellites, and occasionally
* publishing the names of foreign spies. I
.had been led by conversations with a
number of CIA officials to believe that
they Were thinking along the same
lines. One CIA man after another
eagerly joined the discussion to assure
me that the days .of the flamboyant
covert operations -' were over. The
upper-class amateurs of the OSS who
stayed to mastermind operations in
?iGuatemala, Iran, the Congo, and else-
where?Allen Dulles, Kermit Roosevelt,
Richard Bissell, Tracy Barnes, Robert
Amory, Desmond Fitzgerald?had died
or departed.
In their place, I was assured, was a
small army of professionals devoted to
preparing intelligence "estimates" for
the President and collecting informa-
tion the clean, modern way, mostly
with .sensors, computers, and sophis-
ticated reconnaissance devices. Even
Gary Powers, the U-2 pilot, would now
be as much a museum piece as Mata
'Hari. (There are about 18,000 em-
ployees in the CIA and 200,000 in the
entire "intelligence community" itself.
The cost of maintaining them is some-
where between $5 billion and $6
billion annually. The employment
figures do not include foreign agents or
mercenaries, such as the CIA's 100,000-
man hired army in Laos.)
A week after my visit to the "senior
se . inar" Newsweek ran a long story
Jofr,
n "the new espionage" with a picture
CIA Director Richard Helms on the
cover. The re
to some of taf4M50.0intgkqpasV2obtotPiti' 8irirRoAigego .16 STATINTL
- 1601R000100080001-5
adventurer has passed in the American
spy business; the bureaucratic age of
Richard C. Helms and his gray spe-
cialists has settled in." I began to have
an uneasy feeling that Newsweek's
article was a cover story in jnore than
one sense.
Elle
-Ope
the
ingt
kno
fina
ingt
vote
An
Icdit
has always been difficult to fade
analyze organizations that engage in A
false advertising about themselves. Part of
of the responsibility of the CIA is to Lad)
- ?
spread confusion about its own work. the
The world of Richard Helms and his hee4
"specialists" does indeed differ from ized
that of Allen Dulles. Intelligence organ-
izations, in spite of their predilection
for what English judges used to call
"frolics of their own," are servants of
policy. When policy changes, they
must eventually change too, although
because of the atmosphere of secrecy
and deception in which they operate,
such changes are exceptionally hard to
control. To understand the "new Age
espionage" one must see it as part of imp
the Nixon Doctrine which, in. essence, rr
is a global strategy for maintaining US .1.h
power and influence without overtly reoi
involving the nation in another ground Hel
war. ne%
lig(
ne;
fur
Pr(
Hell
ove;
lige]
Age
Bur
the
cen
ove:
vice
But we cannot comprehend recent
developments in the "intelligence corn-
munity" without understanding what
Mr. Helms and his employees actually
do. In a speech before the National
Press Club, the director discouraged/'
journalists from making the attempt. d(
"You've just got to trust us. We are
honorable men." The same speech is
made each year to the small but
growing number of senators who want
a closer check on the CIA. In asking,
on November 10, for a "Select Com-
mittee on the Coordination of United
States Activities Abroad to oversee
activities of the Central Intelligence
Agency," Senator Stuart Symington
noted that "the .subcommittee having
oversight of the Central Intelligence
Agency has not met once this year."
Symington, a former Secretary of
the Air Force and veteran member of
the Armed Services Committee, has
also said that "there is no federal
agency in our government whose activ-
ities receive less scrutiny and control
than the CIA." Moreover, soon after
n,
P;
?
Newsweek said, "The gaudy era of the
'
VO YORK TIMES STATINTL
Approved For Release 268196"k0 /CIA-RDP80-01
NEW C.I.A. DEPUTY? Maj.
Gen. Vernon A. Walters is
reportedly being consid-
ered for the post of dep-
uty director of the Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency.
eneral May Get No. 2 Post in C./..A:sTATINTL
Special to The New York Times
WASHINGTON, Dec. 29 ?
President Nixon is reported to
be considering the appointment
of an Army major general, Ver-
non A. Walters, to be the next
deputy Director of Central In-
telligence.
both President Eisenhower and
with President Nixon, was in
line to be second-ranking of-
ficial at the agency.
President Nixon's reorganiza-
tion of the United States Gov-
ernment agencies involved in
foreign intelligence, announced
General Walters, who is now Nov. 5, provided an "enhanced
defense attach?t the Embassy leadership role" for Richard
in Paris, would succeed Lieut. Helms, Director of Central In
Gen. Robert E. Cushman Jr. of , telligence. At the time intel-
the Marine Corps, according to ligence sources said that
United States and foreign of- Helms would concentrate eval-
licials here. General Cushman uating foreign intelligence for
has been named by President, the President and on budget
Nixon to be next commandant and management problems of.
of the Marine Corps and is the intelligence "community" as
scheduled to takn f.onini.and a whole.
Friday. ,/ Day-to-Day Control
Spokesmen for the ? White,I -Deputy Director, theYi
The .?
House, State Department and'
the C.I.A. declined comment on said, would take over more of1
the report concerning General
the day-to-day operations of'
the C.I.A., including control of
Walters. Nonetheless, reliable
informants said that the gen-
eral, who has had extensive ex-
perience as an interpreter with
?
clandestine collection of intel-I
ligence through secret agents
and such eleetronic techniques
as spy satellites and code.
cracking.
Informants here noted that
General Walters had served as.
Mr. Nixon's interpreter during
the recent meeting with Presi-
dent Pompidou of France in the
Azores. General Walters alsoI
served as interpreter for Presi-
dent Nixon early this month
during the visit of President
Emilio G. M6dici of Brazil.
General Walters, whose nick-
name is Dick, is widely known
for his extraordinary linguistic
gifts. He is fluent in French,
German, Spanish, Italian, Portu-
guese, Dutch and Russian. He
also speaks some Arabic and
Greek. Languages are his
hobby.
He .was born in New York
March 3, 1917, and grew up in
Europe,: where his father, an
American businessman, lived.
He attended French schools,
and was graduated from Stony-
hurst College in England. He
enlisted in the Army on May 2,
1941.
During World War II he was
commissioned and assigned as
a . liaison officer with the
Brazilian forces fighting in the
Tnited States Fifth Army in
Italy under Gen. Mark W.
Clark. His langnage abilities
brought him to General Clark's
attention and ultimately to the
attention of Gen. Alfred M.
Gruenther, Fifth Army chief of
staff6
As defense attach?n Paris
and previously in Rio de Jan-
eiro, General Walters is a senior
officer of the Defense Depart-
ment's Intelligence Agency in
both rank and experience. He
also has a 20-year knowledge
of North Atlantic Treaty Organ-
ization problems.
Under the National Security
Act of 1947, which created the
C.I.A. the positions of director
and deputy director cannot be
held simultaneously by military
officer; on active duty.
Richard -Helms, who was
named Director of Central In-
telligence in 1966, is the first
career civilian intelligence of-
ficer to have risen to the na-
tion's top intelligence position.
The traditinn, however, is' to
name a military deputy when
the director is. a civilian ? and
vice versa.
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SAN FRAMPNYeElAtor Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-0160
EXAMINER
E - 204,749
EXAMINER & CHRONICLE
S - 640,004
DEC 1119
STATI NTL
III. Demos Eye Reform
By yarry Johanesen
The California Democratic
Party's executive committee
. convened today at the Air-
port Hilton to elect a North-
ern California chairman and
adopt new procedures for the
selection of state delegates to
the Democratic National
Convention.
Candidates for the chair-
manship are attorney John
Merlo of Chico, the party's
state treasurer and acting
northern chairman, and
State Sen. George Zenovich
of Fresno. Both are well
liked by party leaders and
?
rank and file Democrats.
Menlo has been serving as
c ting northern chairman
since Jack Brooks, San Lean-
dro land developer, resigned '
last September..
New Procedures
The new delegate selection
procedures scheduled for
adoption will require Demo-
cratic candidates wanting to
enter' the state's June prima-
ry to hold caucuses in each
of California's 43 Congres-
sional districts on Feb. 12.
The caucuses will nomi-
nate delegates for appoint-
ment to the convention dele-
gation and each presidential
candidate would be required
to select 88 percent of his del-
egation from the names sub-
mitted by the caucuses.
The remaining 12 percent
would not be appointed until
nfter the June primary. This
would make room for the ap-
pointment of key party mem-
bers who might have been
members of a defeated slate
or were not . selected to run
on any candidate's slate.
Reform Commission
The new procedures also
include new rules established
by the McfzEr_crti_c.9jpinis-
sion on PartyJVIOThr n. 'fhese
require thatAppitOmettlaR
must include a "fair repre- I
sentation" of working per-
sons, Minority group mem-
bers, diverse age groups in-
cluding teenagers, and wom-
en.
Democratic State Chair-
man Charles T. Manatt of
Los Angeles conceded that
the new procedure for select-
ing convention delegates is a
revolutionary one.
Manatt said he was sur-
prised to learn that Los An-.
geles Mayor Sain Yorty is
lining up delegates by mail
for the Democratic delega-
tion he expects to enter in
the June primary.
Oauca ses
The chairman said Yorty
supporters still would be re-
quired to hold the district
caucuses at which delegates
nominees would be chosen at 4
the grass roots.
At a meeting of the party's
Commission on Platform and
Policy, held late yesterday at
the Airport Hilton, the execu-
tive committee heard reports
on "issues conferences" held
in numerous communities.
Ten commission commit-
tees submitted national plat=
form recommendations de-
veloped at the conferences.
Therecommendations
touched all the bases of do-
mestic and foreign affairs
and added some new resolu-
tions for the convention to
consider as platform planks,
such as:
? "Reso,ived that the CIA
should be involved only in
the gathering of intelligence
and that all other CIA activi-
ties such as those1Ti7olving
subversion and overthrow of
governments should be aban-
doned."
e "Resolved that a Right
of Privacy Amendment be
added to the Constitution to
protect the privacy of indi-
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Approved For Release 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601
PHOENIX, ARIZ.
REPUBL I C
.DEC 9 1871
S - 252,975
?
M ? 166,541
.7? By RICHARD SCOTT
.Manchester Guardian Service
? (S c o t t, who has just
;moved from Washington to
. Paris, reflects on 81iz years
.as the Guardian's corre-
spondent in the U.S. capi-
tal.)
t Looking back over the past
81/2 years in which I have
lived in the United States, I
find that 'my strongest
'impressions are largely criti-
cal. This is perhaps some-
what surprising since I leave
. the country with a good deal
of affection and admiration
-for its people. They are cer-
tainly very different from
ourselves. More different than
? one assumes on arrival. The
fact that we have a roughly
.eommon language and have
been taught to regard each
other as cousins induces false
:assumptions of similarities.
Fi After a few years' resi-
deuce in the United States,
one realizes, if one had not
?done so before, that there is
? for want of a better phrase
? a "European Way of Life,"
;compounded from things both
1 spiritual and material, which
;is 'important to one. This is
absent in North America, and
exists as much in England as
it France or in Italy. An
Englishman might conceiva-
? bly be homesick in France,
but he could not languish for
. the same reason as he may in
. America ? for nostalgia for
that indefinable quality that
Is Europe.
The question most frequent,
: ly put by Europeans to their
? compatriots living in the Unit-
ed States confirms the real
, existence of violence in that
country. How great, really, is
the danger of bkin.,_ _cc beatenu
On the streettkRWQMPO
Nbbed? The statistics, of
man9 a
fter
ears
misses, arn.....mities- of e.
cottfie, Show that there is in- .well after midnight. It sud-
deed a far higher incidence of denly came to me that this
crime and violence in the was something I would never
United States than in any Eu- have done in Washington.-
ropean country. But just how
much is one conscious of this
in one's daily life?
In the. area of politics, per-
Violence on streets
haps my outstanding impres-
sion is of the infinite corn-
'One can speak only for one- plexity of the American sys-
self. A French friend says tern. This complexity seems
that he never knew real fear to arise partly ? from the vast
before coming to live in New size and variety of the coun-
York, even during the years try and its population; partly
fighting in the .Maquis. That because of the checks and
was not my ? own experience balances established by the
?in Washington. Yet Washing- founding fathers in the writ-
ton is the only city in which I ten constitution, and the para.
have lived where my. own mountcy which these give to
I riends and acquaintances tile executive, the legislature,
were among those who had and the judiciary, each within
been beaten, raped, yes, even its own sphere.
murdered. It would be wrong,
however, to say that I was
daily, or more than occasion4
.ally, conscious of the need for
caution and even more rare-
ly of actual fear.
It was not something tht-kt
preoccupied one. Sub co ns:
sciously, no doubt, the anxie-
ty was there. One learned to
take precautions normally
of a? negative character ? al-
most without realizing it.
There were street s, even
'areas, where one did not loi-
ter after dark;- some where
one would not dream of pass-
ing- through on foot ? scarce-
ly even in daytime. ? .nor
readily in a car at night. So
one didn't.
? It was only when one was.
out of the country that one
realized in sudden flashes the
extent to which one's person-
al freedom .was curtailed by
the extent of violence in the
United States. I recall Walk-
ing back to my hotel with a
Fari?9416ie2466 tsfihrtoti
iyie? orimwer-olmvn?
)dinner in London Quis year, traordinarily intricate proce-
Complex government
The federal character of
the Constitution, the fairly
wide powers remaining to the
individual states, the division
of government into three
equal branches, tends to com-
plicate and to weaken the
centr al administration in
Washington. This is particu-
Jarly so when the President's
party does not control Con-
gress, as has been the case
since Nixon came to the
White House. The American
president's need for caution,
compromise, and consensus is
normally far greater than
that of the British prime min-
ister. His potentie power is
far greater than that of the
British prime minister. His
potential power is far great-
er, but his actual power to
act assertively often may be
less. ?
Government in the United
States is complicated not only
because of the complete se-
paration of the executive and
the legislative branches with
dures followed by the latter,
and the massive, ? cumber-
some size of the former. Jeal-
ousies between the Congress
and the White flonsfe exist
also between lt,e various gov-
ernment depart ems. This
res5Its in wide'-ad overlap-
ping and duplication of func-
tions.
In the field of intelligence
and security., for example,
the area of responsibility re-
mains substantially undefined,/
as between tlitl-ellArFederal
Bureau of Investigation, State
Department, Pentagon, and
White House. They each
maintain their own sources
and lines of communications.
The proliferation Of civil ser-
vants is so great that most of
them seem to pencl: most of
their time in committee tell-
ing each other what they
have been doing or plan to.
do.
In London, if you wanted to
know what the British govern-
ment's policy is on any given
subject, pan can be fairly
sure of getting it from the
department concerned ? if
they will talk at all. In Wash-
ington, almost everyone is
ready to talk ? but you are
apt to receive several differ-
ent and of ten conflicting
answers to your questions,
but from within the same de-
partment.
Legal system .creaks
The passage of a bill-
through Congress is devious
and slow, and subject to in-
numerable pitfalls. A commit-
tee chairman like Rep. Wil-
bur Mills, D-Ark., has more
real power than have most
members of the Cabinet. And
01141.0dIst06010Plaq
tactics by strongwilled minor.
ities.
YORK TI1,73
Approved For Release 2001/05/NC: ea-RDP80-01
SI? Supplies 13u11ct.prOcil- Vests
To Some Asian anti Latin hiefs
- By WILLIAM BEECHER
specui 0 The New Yeti: Times
WASHINGTON, Dec. 4 ? tective forces, technical advice
Nguyen -Van Thieu, the Presi- and special equipment.
dent of South Vietnam, has a According to Government
bulletproof vest, supplied by the sources here, the United States
United States, to wear during Secret Service, which protects
public appe,afarices. the President and his family,
So does Nguyen, Cao Ky, his
does not get involved in for-
principal political rival.
eign programs. The .Central In
tellige-nce A.7.encv. saidit ui
Asian leaders whose -
not nave the necdssary exper-
Wardrobes inclUde lightweight tise.
-Atherican - made protection Job for Air Force Office eral laboratories at the request of an Air Force section.
against assa.ssiris' bullets are
So the job was turned over
President -Park Chung Hee Of to the Air Force's Office of Spe-
South Korea; President Ferdi- cial Investigations, which spends
nand, E. Marcos of the Philip- most of its time tracking down .??
pines arid King Phumiphol spies within Air Force ranks,
Aduldet Of Thailand.
but also has provided protec-
The bulletproof vests .pro- tion for top defense and Lary officials and some Con-
vided to some Asian leaders, as gressmen during overseas trip's.
Well as to certain unspecified
heads of state in Latin Amer-
Extensive training in the
ice, were made by Federal lab-
United States has been provided
oratories in Saltsburg, Pa., at by the agency to bodyguards
-
the request of the Air Force Of-
from several nations, Pentagon
lice. of Special investigations, sources acknowledged.
closed knowledgeable sources have The bulletproof vests avail-
dis-
able on the market up to sev-
.
eral years ago were considered
Vest Weighs 3 Pounds too heavy for people of rela-
' --Weighing only about three tively small build, the sources
pounds each; they are said to said. So the Air Foree worked
be able to withstand point- with Federal laboratoric's in de-
blank blasts front' any known signing a three-pound vest made
hand gun. of overlapping, Teficin-coated
Defense Department sources Plastic plates.
were reluctant to say how Air Air Force tests showed the
Force --purchased bulletproof vests could withstand direct
vests came to be furnished to shots from .35'7-caliber magnum
certain foreign leaders. and .45-caliber automatic pis-
Diplomatic sources, however, tols. Bought in quantity, for
said that in recent years a num_ national leaders and all their
bee of governments have be. bodyguards, the vests cost about
come concerned about the qual- $60 each, a Pentagon source
ity of protection afforded their said.
leaders. President Park, for ex- Mr. Ky got his vest when he:
ample, was the target of a de. was Premier of South Vietnam,'
termined attempt on his life in informed sources said, while
early 1968 by North Korean Mr. Thieu'got his when he bee!
agents. C4111.0 President.
'Working through the local
American ambassadors, these
countries asked whether any
United States agency could help
provide.. training for. their prof
?
STATI NTL
BULLETPROOF VESTS of this type have been provided
to certain Asian and other governmental leaders by Fed-'
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STATI NTL
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DAYTON, OHIO
JOURNAL HERALD)
DEc137g
- 111,867
Inte!
llgaricajn
?
rirll-,as
. . Congress Must monitor CIA operatiOns
-
mittee is supposed to review CIA opera-
tions and funding. Unfortunately, it 'sel-
dom meets except to confer congressional
blessings on CIA affairs. This congres-
sional abdication of its responsibility for
exercising a positive role in the formation
of national policy reduces it to a rubber
stamp for an omniscient executive. This
has virtually been the case in foreign
affairs since the National Security Act of
1947 unified the services and created the
National Security Council and the CIA.
An efficient intelligence operation is
vital to the interests of the American
people. ,But the operation does not always
serve the interests of the people when it
strays into political and military activities
such as ? the formation of coups d'etat,.
direction of clandestine wars and the
practice of political assassination.
President Nixon's changes appear to
offer increased efficiency, and in Helms
the President seems to have a supervisor
who is pre-eminently concerned with gath-
ering and evaluating intelligence data. But,
only a vigilant and responsible Congressi
can serve to restrain the executive branch
of government from abusing the vast
power and influence available to it
through. these necessarily covert intelli-
gence activities.
President Nixon's irritation at the qual-
ity of information coming to him from the
nation's fragmented intelligence appara-
tus is understandable. However, his ef-
forts to streamline operations, while we!-
come, are not without hazard to the
, balance of power between the executive
and legislative branches of the federal
:government.
The President has given to Richard
Helms, director of the CentpUntelligence
'Agency, coordinating responsiand
Tern' budgeting authority over the diverse
intelligence community. Coordination and
economy both seem desirable. The various
intelligence agencies employ about 200,000
-persons and spend about $6 billion an-
nually.
" To. the extent that the President has
made the intelligence operation more effe-
eient and responsive?as indeed it should
be ? he has increased the security of the
, ? United States. But he will also have
further eroded Congress' role in formulat-
ing national policy if the legislative branch
of government does not balance executive
access to unlimited intelligence data with
.more intensive congressional scrutiny of
and control over the nature and scope of
intelligence activities. .
special congressional watchdog corn-.
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SALT LAKE CITY,
;ISRIDUNE
C)N t')
? 108 ;.2'70
? 1 8 8,6 9 9
STATI NTL
Frill *
? -ET _ e
k) tt-ii Le " ? r Plirt
L
The American intelligence communi-
ty long before World War II has
L. been, and remains to a large degree,
t, a many splintered. thing. Every agency
needing fresh, accurate and secret infor-
mation on. which to for'mulate, its plans
arid actions Las developed its own set of
.spies. Thij. lack of coordination and? co-
hesiVeness has .become apparent with
:?.somc disasters, most notably the Pearl
. Harbor attack of Dec, 7, 1911, and a lot
of embarassments such as. the Bay of
Pigs debacle and more recently the abor-
tive commando raid ,on the dcs-erted pris-
? ' oner of war camp on Sontay, 23 mile
.west of Hanoi, on Nov. 21, 1910.
In 1917 the Cential.Intelligence Age.n-
..? cy was established with the aim of coordi-
nating all this nation's. intelligence ef-
forts. Besides the CIA, the U.S.
gence network fb(i4 1iiid he Defense,
Intelligence. Agency, the National Secur?
ity Agency, the State Department's Bu-:
ream of Intelligence and Research and. nu;
clear intelligence operations oT the Atomic
Energy Commission. The counter-Intel-
-? ligence activities of the Federal Bu-
?? rcau.of investigation must also b,e
ed.
President Nixon, following what has
almost become a presidential tradition
? after public disclosure of an intelligence
failure, has shaken:up the top levels of
..
the American spy network. In an appar-
ent hope of overcoming the shortcomings t?!
of the present system, Mr. Nixon has
given Richard Helms, the CIA director,
"an enhanced leadership role in planning,
coordinating and evaluating all intelli-
gence operations." Theoretically ?this is
the authority that director of intelligence
has had for years. But. according to one:
official because of bureaucratic rivalry
among comp.eting intelligence agencies'
?this has not always worked out.
?Sens. Stuart Symington, 3)-Mo., and
William J. Fulbright, D-Ark., have soon
Mr. Hehra new job more of a "demotion
upstairs" than any enhanced leadership
role.. Their suspicions are -understandable,
considering the Sontay raid failure ? and
the inabi:ity of the intelligence community
to forecast the reaction of North ViE,1;narn
to the invasion of South Laos last Febru-
axy and March,
Bolstering the senator's suspicions
must be the lack of concrete knowledge
about the apparent leadership crisis in
mainland China. This development conies
at a time of delicate negotiations preccd-
in,s,,.Mr. Nixon's planned trip to Peking. It
would be foolish for Mr: Nixon to make
the journey without accurate knowledge
of the power structure in Poking.
However, the concern of Sens,Sym-
ington and Fuibright that Mr. Hc1inF.4 has
teen "kicked upstairs". sounds, More like
the political reactions Of two men who
have Consistently disagreed with the, Pres-
ident, than the, genuine concern Of persons
fearful the nation might 1e losing , the
needed talents of a highly competent in-
telligence administrator.
Instead the senators should he ap??
plauding the President for his 'efforts
to bring greater coors:jination and cohe-
siveness to an ihtelligence erfort that has
become fahmus for Pearl Harbor, the 'Bay ;
of Pigs and Sontay.
, ,
;
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STATI NTL
tUWik EVENTS
Amu .107?
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CIA 2evompinc,
rz,? p
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i hr.' I' n I. ri l' ? ? rl A . p q ,,J ,?
Of' rilti Li 1Ifil P'
_ . L Li I.. '... (D . ? ::, 1:::)
Behind the scenes President Nixon's ? - . _....
: confidence in Central !ntelligenceByHENRYJ. TAYLOR
Agency Director Richard M. Helms
has taken a new leap forward. Mr. Nixon
believes (correctly) that our nation's
intelligence setup is a sick elephant.
lie has quietly assigned -Mr.- Helms
:to correct it. . - . .
A sick elephant is a formidable danger. Additional intelligence agencies?all
And secrecy keeps our public from growing, all sprawling, all costly--
knowing even the size of this elephant, spreed out into the w flee of the secretaryorld fro in the of-
to say nothing of how sick it is. [ of defense, the
Atomic Enercf.v Commission, National
,
Incredibly, we spend close to 55 Aeronautics and Spade Administration
billion a year for intelliganee. Jost (NASA) and even the Department of
the CIA ale= is larger in score t'oee? Commerce.
the State Department and spends
.
more than twice as much money. In fact, there are so many additional
. : .
i ( hush-hush agencies that recently in West
Legendary Gen. William J. ild
s".17V--- and East Berlin alone there were at least
.Bill") Donovan's, Office of Strategic 40 known U.S. intelligence agencies
Services conducted our entire World and their branches?most of them corn-
...War II espionage throughout four years, -- ,:f, . . .-
peong wl,n ocie anoiner. ? ? . .
and throughout the world for -a total
of $135 million. The budget of the CIA ivir. helms MI-rise:if derines intelli-
gence as ? ',all the things which should
(secret) is at least Si.5 billion a year.
be knownin advance of initiatinq a course
Next to the Pentagon with its 25 -miles of action.". The acquisition of intelli-
of corridors, the world's largest office gence is one thing; the interpretation
building, the CIA's headquarters in of it is another; and the use of it is: a i
-.suburban Langley, Va., is the largest third. The 1947 statute creating the,/
:building in the Washington area. The CIA limits it to the first ? two. It . also
CIA has jurisdiction only abroad, .not makes the CIA directly responsible
in the United Slates. But the CIA main- to the President. But it is simply not true
tains secret offices in most major U.S. that the CIA-is tne ov6r-all responsible
cities, totally unknown to the public.- agency, as is so widely beleieved.
About 10,000 people work at Langley . Again and again, no one and everyone
and another 5,000 are . scattered across is responsible.
the werld, burrowing everywhere for
intelligence. These include many, many
unsung heroes who secretly risk their
- lives for our country in the dark and
unknown battles of espionage and treach-
ery. I could name many. And as a part
of its 'veil of secrecy the CIA has its own
elancestlne communications system
with Washington and the world.
. ...
-
Dolts directly to Under Secretary ot
State John N. Irwin II, it is understand-
ably jealous of its prerogatives, and
traditionally it plays its findings very
close to its vest.
?
self-protective vagueness and dangerous
rivalries. He has made it clear that he
wants its output brought closer to the
needs of the ? President-s so-called 40
Committee (actually six men), which
serves the National Security Council
and the President himself. .
In amputating ranch of the sick ele-
phant, 'Mr. Helms' directive is to cut
down on the surprises. And the President
could not have picked a more knowing,
no-nonsense man to do it. .
-
The Pentagon spends 53 billion a year.
on intelligence, _Vice as much as the
CIA. Like the CIA, its Army, Navy
and Air Force intelligence arms operate
worldwide, of course, and?largely
.unknown?they also have an immense
adjunct called the National Security
Agency which rivals the _ CIA in size
and cost. -
Tlse function of intelligence is to
protect us from surprises. It's not
working that way. The sick elephant
is threatening cur' national security
by surprise, surprise, su'rprise.
? Alarmed President Nixon has given
Mr. Helms new ? and sweeping intern-.
gence reorganization authority on an
over-all basis. He has given him the
first authority ever given anyone to re-
view, and thus affect, all our foreign
intellifrende agencies' budgets. The Pres-
ident believes Mr. Helms, this under-
cover ' world's most experieeed pro,
can cut at least SI billion out of the
morass.
Then there exists the- important In The President confided that he is to-
eelligence Section of the State D.cpart;r2-
ally fed up with the intelli'cr.ence corn-
mitt, fraiikl\eisfieF6i* keefeWS- E0(0103iglicataA-R Cl?01?01R000100080001-5
? ? ?
CIA Dira.ctor Richard Helios hands up
the 15,C00-man intelfigence operation
Clint is now boIn3 s:roorolined.
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Coragioess arrad the CIA
President Nixon has issued an executive order which
invests Richard Helms, director of the CIA, with author-
ity to oversee all the intelligence agencies (the National
Security Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, etc.):
and to cut "bureaucratic fat" and professional overlapping
wherever possible. There may be merit in this new order,
but there is incontestable merit in Sen. Stuart Symingto.n's
reaction to it. The Senator notes that the CIA was
.brought into existence in 1947 by an act of Congress. Its
towers and duties are defined by legislation adopted by
the Congress. The director and deputy direcior are sub-
ject to confirmation by the Senate. Last year the Congress
appropriated between $5 billion and $6 billion ?for the
intelligence establishment; ? no one knows the exact
amount, since. part of the CIA's budget is artfully con-
cealed. Yet the Senate was not consulted about the pro-
posed reorganization. Senator Symington serves on the
CIA subcommittee of the Senate Armed Services Com-
mittee. To his knowledge, the subcommittee was not
consulted about, nor did it approve, the reorganization
ordered by the President. As a matter of fact the sub-
coMmittee has not met once during the current year. This
is an amazing state of affairs. Surely the Congress has a
right to be consulted about the reorganization of an agency
which owes its existence to an Act of Congress and is
sustained by annual appropriations voted by the Congress.
The fact is that the CIA enjoys an autonomy almost as
complete as that enjoyed by the FBI. Whatever the orig-
inal intention of the Congress, the CIA functions today as,
an adjunct of the White House. The intelligence it gathers
is available to the President; it is not available to the Con-
gress. Under the proposed reorganization, it will be even
more directly responsible to the President, and by its over-
sight control over the other agencies will be supplying him
with a unified appraisal. An agency that gathers informa-
tion for the President may be tempted to provide him with
the estimates it thinks he wants (as the Pentagon Papers
have shown, intelligence reports that do not coincide with
White House opinion are apt to be ignored), and as Joseph
Kraft pointed out in a recent column, there is much to
be said for diverging, even conflicting, reports in the
highly subjective area of intelligence evaluation. ?
The CIA is closed off from scrutiny by the press, public
and the Congress; like the FBI, it functions in splendid
bureaucratic isolation. Mr. Helms is such a gray eminence
that a private elevator takes him to and from his office in
the CIA structure in Langley, Va. Like Mr: Hoover, he
is usually not "available," except at budget time. Re-
cently, however, he has been trying to give the agency a
new, or at least a brighter image, since he is well aware
of a growing restiveness in the ,Congress and of the need
to slash budgets. A Nation editorial of May 3 called at-
tention to the way in which Mr. Helms was "breaking
cover" .to talk about the brilliant achievements of the
STATI NTL
agency and to assure us that it is staffed by dedicated
friends of the democratic ideal. Now he is up to the same
antics again. This week he is the "cover boy" on News-
week, with the predictable feature telling of gallant CIA
capers of a kind that could have been made known only
by the agency that is so super-secret it feels compelled to
conceal its activities from the Congress.
Congress should not take any more of this guff from
the agency or its director. It has authority to insist that
its authority be respected and it has a clear responsibility
to act in that spirit. In an editorial last August 2, we re-
marked on a measure, inteoduced by Sen. John Sherman
Cooper, which would require the CIA to make its Intel-
ligence reports available to the chairman of the germane
committees of the .Congress (Armed Services and For-
eign Relations) and also require the agency to prepare
reports at the request of the Congress. There is precedent
for such legislation in the instructions given the AEC.
After all, the CIA often gives to foreign governments
information and reports which it will not make available
to the Senate or. the House. This is selective secrecy
carried to a grotesque extreme.
Hearings will be held on Senator Cooper's bill (S. 222'4)
during the first week of February. It is a wise and sensible
proposal. We hope it is adopted. We hope too that the
CIA subcommittee will come alive and begin to exercise
a real degree of oversight over the agency. Better still,
the Senate should adopt the resolution offered by Sena-
tor Symington (S. 192, November 13) to create a. select
committee which would oversee the CIA. But there is
really only one way to deal with the problem of the CIA
and that is to make it direetly responsible to the Congress.
If it is engaged in activities of such a character that they
cannot be reported to the Congress, then it should be
told to abandon those activities. 'There is no place for a
secret agency of the CIA type within the framework of a
constitutional democracy, which is how Justice Stanley,
Reed once characterized our form of government. As
long as the CIA can plead secrecy; Congress will be un-
able to exercise effective oversight. The time has come
to make both the FBI and the CIA subject to close and
continuing Congressional supervision and control.
STATI NTL
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STATINTL
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STATI NT
u. :S: nS TORLD
2001/064tinA9RDP
vsi_J-
it,
t
?J.
An ultent need for faster and more accurate in-
formation underlies latest moves by the President.
Upshot: more say for civilians, less for military.
?Once again, the vast U. S. intelligence
'establishment is being reshaped by the
White House. As a result:
e Presidential reins on the 5-billion-
?dollar-a-year "intelligence community"
are to be tightened even more. Primary
goal is to avoid repetition of recent dis-
appointments in the quality of Amer--
Can intelligence.
41. Fresh effort will be made to reduce
costly duplication, overlapping and com-
petition among the military intelligence
agencies. The Pentagon appears te be a
loser in the latest reshuffle.
- 0 The civilian head of the Central
Intelligence Agency, Richard Helms, is
being given broader authority over the
entire U. S. intelligence network?civilian
and military.
: Key Man in the reorganization is ?Mr.
Helms, a veteran of nearly 30 years in
his field, who took over in June, 1966,
the dual job of heading the CIA plus
his role as the President's principal ad-
viser on all intelligence.
. Now, under a presidential order of
? November 5, Mr. Helms has the biggest
say on how to allocate men, money and
machines in the gathering of foreign in-
telligence for the U. S.
At the same time, the President as-
signed Henry Kissinger, the top White
House 'adviser and Director of the Na-
tional Security Council staff, new powers
'which give Mr. Kissinger a larger- voice
in determining the direction U. S..intel-
ligence will take and in assessing the
final results. ?
'Behind it aft. According to Govern-
ment insiders, a major reason for the
President's action was growing "consum-
er" dissatisfaction with the intelligence
product, particularly with interpretation
of the secret data collected.
??. Too often, these sources say, the Pres-
ident has been inundated with informa-
tion be does not need, or fails to receive
in sufficient quality or quantity the data
he considers vital for decisions.
The most recent example, one White
House aide disclosed, was unhappiness
? over the length of time it took to get
reliable intelligence on current develop-
ments, in Red China. The Communist
-Government had been undergoing a lead-
STAT
ership crisis just at the time Of delicate
Washington-Peking negotiations on the
.President's forthcoming trip to the Chi-
nese mainland, but weeks went by .be-
fore the U. S. was able to sift through a.
welter of conflicting reports.
OffiCials say that another big reason
behind revamping of the intelligence
command was the daring?but unsuc-
cessful?attempt by. the Army and Air
Force on Nov. 21, 1970, to rescue U. S.
prisoners of war from the North Viet-
namese prison camp. at Sontay, 23 miles
west of Hanoi. 'American commandos
landed at the camp by helicopter in a
well-planned and executed raid. But in-
telligence had lagged, and the camp
was empty. The prisoners had been
cusovecl.?
One official in a position to know ex-
plains: that after the White House made
the initial decision to rescue the PO\V's,
the CIA supplied a model of the camp
and details of Sontay's daily operations
as they were known at that time. The
actual rescue assignment was given, to
the Army and Air Force, which had to
select, train and rehearse the commando.
team. By the time the operation was
launched, intelligence was out of date.
According to this official: "If Helms
had been responsible for the operation?
as- he would be now under the reorga-
nization?he could have kept current,
probably would have learned that the?
prisoners were moved, and probably
would have scrubbed the operation."
? Government sources say .the President
also Was irritated by failure of his intel-
ligence agencies .to forecast accurately
North Vietnamesn reaction to the South
Vietnamese invasion of Southern Laos
Inst February and March.
Congress has had harsh words for the
military. The House Appropriations
Committee on November II declared
that "the upward trend in total intelli-
gence expenditures must be arrested" and
recommended a 18I-million-dollar cut
in the Defense Department's military-
intelligence appropriations. " -
The Committee took aim at duplica-
tion of effort. "The same information is
sought and obtained by various means
and by various organizations," it said.
The President hopes to overcome these
shortcomings by giving Mr. Helms what
Mr. Nixon termed "an enhanced leader-
ship role" in planning, co-ordinating and
evaluating all intellig-enceOperations.
The Central Intelligence Director has
had for years, on paper, the responsibil-
ity of co-ordinating military and civilian
intelligence. But .this has not always
worked in practice: The reason, accord-
ing to one U. S. official: bureaucratic ri-
valry among . competing intelligence
agencies.
Mr. Helms also becomes chairman of
a newly formed committee which will
advise on formulation of a consolidated
foreign-intelligence budget for the en-
tire Government. This committee will
decide which intelligence service has the
people and assets to do a particular job
efficiently and cheaply.
Reshaping the network. The Presi-
dent took these actions to strengthen the
American intelligence system:
O Reorganized the U. S. Intelligence
, Board, which sets intelligence require-
ments and priorities. The Board, head-
-ed by Mr. Helms, includes representa-
tives of the CIA, FBI, Treasury,
Atomic Energy Commission and Defense
and State Department intelligence
agencies.
O Established a National Security
Council Intelligence Committee, with
Mr. Kissinger as chairman. It will in-
clude, besides Mr. Helms, the Attorney
General, the Chairman of the Joint
-Chiefs of Staff, the Under Secretary of
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EAST BEflLL
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19 Nov 1971 C? 7 -0
..Pit,zia7ten3 .1\117,x.in ?
ervy,Z01ezi Lirkten des.
r
Cif11 (1-1;r11.f'n. 1,,-4 9'71 fr.,T1
?
? New York. ADN/DZ
? .
- USA-Prasident Nixon hat seine
Sonclerbcauftragten Henry Kissinger
die Reorganisation des Geheinwlien-
stes CIA ilbertragen. Die Cte-1.? ist fiir
zahlreiche poli tische Intrigen und
-Putsehe inibesonclere in jtingen Na-
tionalstaaten verantwortlich. Sic er-
? Melt absoluten Vorrong vor alien an-
deren PSA-Geheimdiensten. Es wird
.erwartet. claf3 dos bereits sieben
lviii-
harden Dollar betrag,Lande Spionage.-
buciget..weiter erholit wird. Auflerdem
soil dein Kongrel3 jede Kontrollrni.ig-
liehl:eit fiber den Geheimclienst ent-i
! zogen Werden.
_ . ? .
C. 2 el% v?-?
?-7, 0 /
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'fa 'IR
STATI NTL
?
: Behind the scenes Presidmt Nixon's confidence
in Central Intelligence Agency Director Richard
' M. Helms has ,taken a new leap forward. Mr. Nix-
On believes (correctly) that our nation's in-
telligence setup is a sick elephant. He has quietly
assigned Mr. Helms to correct it:.
,
?
A Sick ,eleplinat is a formidable clanger. And
secrecy keeps our public from knowing even the
. size of this elephant, to say nothing of how sick
it is. ? . .
.? ?
InceediblY, we spend close to $El billion a year
for intelligence. Just the CIA alone is larger in.
scope than the State Department and spends more
than twice as much money. Legendary Gm.
William J. ("Wild. Bill") Donovan's Office of
Strategic Services conducted our entire World
War H espionage throughout four years mil
throughout the' world for. a total $135 million. The
budget of the CIA (secret) is at least $1.5 billion
.a year.. .. ... ? e .
?
.. NEXT TO THE PENTAGON. with its 25 miles
qf corridors, the world's largest office building,
tz..---- the CIA's headquarters in suburban Langley, Va.,
. is the largest building in the Washington area. The
. CIA has jurisdiction only abroad, not in the United
/States. But the CIA maintains secret offices in
most major U.S. cities, totally unknown to the
. public...
. ?
. ..
. . .
- .. .
. ? . '''
About 10,000 people _work at Langley and
another 5,000 are scattered across the world, bur-
rowing everywhere for intelligence. These include
may, many unsung heroes who secretly risk their
lives for our country in the dark and unknown
, battles of espionage and treachery. 1 could name
' many. And as a part of its veil of secrecy the CIA
has its .own . clandestine communications system
with Washington and the world..
-? ? '
The Pentagon spends $3 billion a year on 1M
telligenco, twice as much as the CIA. Like the
CIA, its Army, Navy, and Air Force intelligence
' arms operate worldwide, of course, and ---
largely unknown ? they also have an immense
? adjunct called the National Security Agency which
rivals the CL'i in size and cost.
. .
' Then there -exists the " important Intelligence
-
Section of the State Department, likewise world-
wide, Its chief reports directly to Under Secretary
of State John N. Irwin 2nd it is understandably
very close to its vest.
ADDITIONAL intelligence agencies ? aW
growing, all sprawling, all costly spread out in-
to the world from the Office Of the Secretary of
Defense, the Atomic Energy Commission, National
Aeronautics S.: Space :Administration (NASA) , and
even the Department of Commerce.
In fact, there are so many additional hush-hush
agencies that recently in West and East Berlin
alone there :Were at least 40 known U.S. in-
telligence agencies and their branches ? most of
them" competing with one another. -
Mr. Helms himself defines intelligence as "all
the things which should be known in advance of
initiating a course of action." The acquisition of
intelligence is one thing; the interpretation of it is
another; and the use of it is a third. The 1917:
statute creating the CIA limits it to the first two. It
'also makes the CIA directly respomible to the
President.. But it is simply not 'true that the LTA
is the .over-all responsible agency, as is so widely.,
. believed. - ? ?
- :
Again and again, no one and everyone
'
responsible. ? .
?
THE FUNCTION of intelligence is to protect us
from surprises. It's not working that way. The sick
elephant is -threatening our national security by'
surPrise, surprise, surprise.
? Alarmed President Nixon has given Mr. Helms. .
new and sweeping intelligence reorganization -
authority on an oyer-all'Io. asis. He has given him
the first authority ever given anyone to raviewi.
and thus effect, all our foreign intelligence-
agencies' budgets. The President believes Mr.
Helms, this undercover world's most experienced
pro, can cut at least $1 billion out of the morass:
The President confided that he is totally fed uP*.
with the intelligence community's duplicationS,?
contradictions, self-protective vagueness and
dangerous rivalries. He has made it clear that no ?
-wants its output breunt closer to the needs of the.
President's so-called 40 Committee (actually six
Men), which serves the National Security Councir,
and the President himself. ? . ?. ?
In amputating much of the sick elephant, Mr;
Helms' directive is to cut down on the surprises.
And the President could not have picked a more .
knowing, no-nonsense man to do it.. ? ?
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STATI NTL
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',...,.;.-.if..,.,..1[:-..,.?..L.,.-.... t 1 f.:::--- , V.., --. _.-V.-.- .----1. ? 4 ti ?
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STATI NTL
1 1,1 1 't ':.4 rc::-V!''...:-:"-)1.'
1
' - `. ce,k .. t 1 , r? -? i
..i....1.,.,L'..'? _ _ 1 1 ?-... , 1 :., ? - t:
1
. ,......., ...: ; :,- : ., ,
* ? - ill `-, i ', -J -i-,--.... J .-1-? Li .i.,...1,1,..,.) i;,1
?? . : . In the opilu on - of , American obset'vers, ?no othe asPect ? Of U.S.. foreign- .
.. .
policy with the exception of the Vietnam war has !yoked such vi'gorons co:-''
. . .
-. Hein-nation and protest as the subversive actions o the ? U.S: ??intelligence?.
- service; its covert and not- infrequently overt intererence in the ' intei--11
- ?-? affairs of other states, its complicity in all kinds .0 ? reactionary ? conspira-
cies ,and putsches. The generally known failures 'ant scandalous . ? exposures
. - . of its intelligence . service have certainly impaired the prestige of the
,
- united States. ?.
?
... with the CIA).. Ilre matters -
of hire and dismissal the CIA
director -is drat ? bound- by any
political 0: legal (norms,' pro-
cedures or rcceminencIationS oh-
- ihatory for government insti?
tutions; ??? ? :
? The Central Intelligence I',-
The DIONSiff..It TOWE'ItING
' OVER CONGRESS cncy, subordinated directly to re to be carried out in such a 'ize the .programMes UI
IthmediatelY after th0. of the President, became the first 'way- that the U.S goi:ernment't institute' and keep up diffe-
OTId War II, seeking a gr.? postwar in6e:penilent iiitellIge-.1?. could, if neeesi.ary, disass.oc,iate' rent foundations,. Cultural '.Got?;
ter 'say policy-making ? the cc organizati CD. It was charged from them. 'Thus, .in the ioties and tntblishing housec..
most pc c' spolCesmen of with collecting intelligence' data first yea:r. of its CXiEte.nc.;i., the. m?re?"yer, could il'ater*
monopoly capital sccur-..d re- and ;..t the saine time engin?ccr..cpA was' funethns hal _means disrcgard-s;of --the
orega.nizatfon of entire ga- ing subversion in othe.:. :?tates . which no other intelligeifee-st.r: law's or rules established ;. for
vernmernt of the tasks: xice has ever had. ? government institutions. and.
United States. In July 1947 the (1) To Ot,lia intelligence in-
The Central Intellig2ne'e A.7 operations, it. WP.'s ency.Cvas nUthorized subs.1(1.-
_ _ .?
have Its accOunts certilled only
National Security ,Act NVXS pro f9rmatien in-:both secret arid '. . Jn 1949 .Congress adopted, as ',by -ifs
.
director The latte w
mulgated,. envisagin.g, eardin-t1 legal ways, . (2) to .generalize,
- 1.an,- addition' to the - Nitional thus - , us In 'a position to Spend 'any
'; i.. .as -
?reconstru:Ction of the military the information collected by : Stecurity. Act, a special lav, or Finn from.' time fcast 'allo6tions
.departmc.nts the c?t:iblill:11:11t other organizations unci ugjvc. the Ceintr. Intelli.genee flgn- without au), cora-, 0-1 oiyoxpiaiia.
- of: a single DepZtrtrneP.It of De ? les, evaluate it ,ani 'submit to U... Ey this act the United Eta - ;
lions.. The. CT ryas allowed to
.fence, a ?Taint Chiefs .of :Staff , politicians in a form s,.!itab tis government and le. P2th2-- earmark special sunis to be
comtnittee, and a Department for utilization., (3) to prepare,
of the .Air Force., At the ;:arn-O in secret, interference in the
?time there w'as constituted : the: affairs of other ifttions in Case
National Security Council, thP orders came regarding the need
. higtie.s.t,' after _ The. ..Prez-ident, for such interforence. Thus, the
' .body called upon to play an Un NaliunAl Sceinity Act cuali1;:-.d
_ -? portant 'role in. sharing U.S. the CIA to exert its influence
foreign policy.. - ? . .on matters of state importance,
3nent, for.the first time in man- -spent by it
hind's history, openly elevated s personnel abroad. ..
It ' ?could conclude contracts ..
er'flii,....eyn a gea'nttoi ttlii.iee. Trca:y rank of Elate
., With ri6n-government ? instill!. ..
s? . ,
1.-.; officially,uy tions on the conduct of xespar?
ar.,irevcci- methed of iction in- .
in Cil 11TO. led S. ' - I ' . ''??
velving interforenee in the - . ..,..
1-Io
terncl affairs of ether countries te4i \a?t:Ae,svedr,o npoutblgiiell3.e, tlpr fulloritlil,fa.-
'7'. ri ci vi?:-I'ti?11 of thcir s?vcr'"i" of the extent ,of the-poivel.'s wi::
Durivg .tli?, re?orgam7atioP of something on .,v,Iiieli the advo- gl :. . th Which the CIA is vested, Al
the military and political had cites of a "pcsitions-of.streng-tlif, . TI`2. b;?"' of 194,0.aireadY ()Pen- :ona w-ith them there ox'ist. top.-
,
e-rship. of the ecvntry the great policy" pressing for the. milli .1Y placed 'intelligence abctve
. Is ?-
c,ret" directives. of the Nation-
cat attention Was paid to iotel- tarliation of the "economy' and all Amedcan. le:gklature: it de !al SeCimit7.Cour,cil.. To lie sure,
ligence. Drawing 'upon the ex ? social life. of the United. States. privcd the congressional corn- Allern Dulles. wrote, there'- is
111
. .
perience. of Ititi'r's Gormally, insisted -with particular vigour. ' mittce.s of the right. to inter- the secret aspect of"the Matter,
the U.S,_ imperialists set about According to Allen Dulles, thig 'vene in Matte-Ts pertaining to , , the
establishing their own :ys.tem act gave American intelligenc? the organiz311" . an(' .activiti 111
-s ,-(1i..-, , 1acjt:li.:c.
i'v,11}'Illitobreiz-ePs ill.e
resik. NIeinStC)
of total ?e,pional-40--- on a .ca : - ' ? . ? - . -. -- -- ! of - the CIA- "i 'gave. its head
, a more influential position in to entrust' the CIA with -,oi-rie
lo.,:sal scale as 'befits." the Uri.' . . tinliniltd freedom of action, ,p0?;,,,rs; in od.diti.,:.i to tho,,,,,, i..,....
. government than that held by
ited States of Atnerica. Q. Pet ' - . . vu ting Iii.,-1 ?,,..10,2 alm:,,st dicta-.,-
tee, a U.S. intelligence theore- _,..- . te.rial per Tire CI \. could ate not given tinbliciti; 'What .
ecified in the law:These p7wers
, intellience in an , other count-
- tieian, wrote that to exercise rY th- the wonid.. - '. - -.? ignore fc.cier-.1 la:?.vs an a ordin,, is inVolved _here is "special On-
. -
I INCREASING POWER OF. CIA
caden ,hip of Vie in. all ances. whose obsenvance Could' el?at.*- ,, ' - -I " 1 ?
i-r,s. . and, elan cstir. ac-
e-n A k-,. -
ctinents, e.f all types of sta- nier ia a uth o ,z claim, involve divulgence of infcrina- 'lions