INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE GEOGRAPHIC RESEARCH AREA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP79-01096A000200010005-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 23
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 20, 1998
• Sequence Number: 5
• Content Type: STATEMENT

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Ii'TELLIGEITCE OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF TEE
GEOGRAPHIC RESEARCH AREA
INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE
OFFICE OF CHIEF, GEOGRAPHIC RESEARCH, ORR
I. INTPLLIGE1Z' OBJECTIVES
1. To develop, program and administer through policy direction
coordinated efforts in geographic and map research, mapping, intelligence,
specialized cartographic and graphics production, photo intelligence
and interpretation, procurement of geographic and map reference
materials and intelligence and the maintenance of a map reference
racility in support of CIA and other intelligence agencies.
B. To coordinate and produce geographic, photo and mapping
intelligence and technical estimates for appropriate use by the
intelligence cormnunity.
IT. - L?CTIOIIAL OPERATIONS THAT SUPPORT THE IPNTELLIGEN CE OBJECTIVES OF THE
GEOGRAPHIC RESEARCH AREA
A. Policy formulation and determination for the development,
prograr_.iing and admi , .,;tration of coordinated efforts in geographic
research, mapping intelligence, special cartographic and graphics
production, photo intelligence and interpretation, procurement of
geographic and map intelligence and map reference materials and the
maintenance of a map reference service as carried out in the Geography,
Carte?raphy, Photo Intelligence and Plap Library Di?ri 'r :'c,,-.,- in support
of CIA's intelligence mission and the 0,p p;ro.1riate''objectives of, other
int lli~ Brice agencies.
B. Advises the Assistant Director on current problems, programs
and proposals within the scope of Geographic Prea's functions; reports
dire;etly to the Assistant Director on the status of operations of the
Area; assures that the program of the Geographic Area is properly
planned, directed and oriented with the programs of the other two
areas of ORR, namely Economic Research and Coordination, and with
over-all ORR and CIA programs.
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C. As the Department of State's Special Assistant for Maps
establishes policy for and substantively directs the Department's
Geographic Attache program.
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D. Assures that all ORR and CIA_ directives and other instructions
are properly carried out within the four Divisions in the Geographic
Area.
E. Examines on a continuing basis the programs, objectives
and lia..tations of other components of the Government undertaking
activities of direct interest to the Geographic Area in order that
max .tom: cooperation from these components may be obtained, duplication
avoided and coordination fostered; and is responsible for arranging
i _ter?-,', u_~cy technical conferences and for establishing cor_miittees
in order to formulate coordinated programs and take concerted action
for the geographic, mapping and photo intelligence effort within the
Government; the fulfillment of gaps in these fields tT rouuh the
d !v lop:;.ent of coordinated rea,',-iremeuts reflecting the priorities of
CIA .nd other intelligence agent es and giving full reccgl.ition to
ci.trr ; :t and future collection facilities.
F. Represents CIA or assures representation on several inter?-
Depnrtmeutaai and ad hoc groups in the fields of interest and responsiW
blity of the Geographic Area.
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INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES AID FUNCTIONS OF THE
CARTOGRAPHY DIVISION, ORB
1. INTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES
The intelligence objectives of the Cartography Division are
as f ollows
A. To provide cartogrzr_.hie and graphic support to
finished intelligence production, hin-level briefings,
adr.~inistrative functions and covert operations.
B. To establish basic cartograrhic policies within the
Agency and in the IAC intelligence coriunity.
C. To advise high-level officials in CIA in the use of
graphics as a briefing media,..
D. To assist in the evaluation of foreign cartographic
facilities.
E. To assist in determining the collection objectives
of the Geographic Attache program as related to foreign
cartographic establish cats.
F. T^ develop or procure new cartographic techniques and
related equipment, and to advise the IAC intelligence community
of their applicability to the geacril field of intelligence
production.
To represent the F:g4nc~? at the sev~~rcl intc:r-
d partmental and an hoc corraittees related to the field of interest.
II. FITTTICIIAL OPERATIONS THAT SUPPORT THE IIMELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES OF
TLE C_IRTOGR :_PIfY DIVISIO
Policy initiation and iunLementation. The Division
establishes basic cartographic policies and their relationships
to over-all CIA objectives by participating in several policy-
making committees. It advises high-level officials on the
effective use of graphic support in briefing operations both
within the Agency and outside. In comi.ttee it advises on the
foreign nap procurement proraris of the IAC intelligence
community and by representing the Agency it implements the
work of several inter-departmental corriittees concerned with
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cartographic and geographic problems. Fitted within the
frcasework of these policies are the long-rank progr_:r:n of
nap production, the support required for basic and current
intelligence production, the coordination of inter-agency
appi.g programs, the development of new cartographic
techniques and procedures, the internal training and career
de clopmental program, and the continually developing progra:~n
of graphic support to all components of the Agency.
B. Cartographic Compilation. In the Cartography Division,
cartographic compilation is assigned on a regional basis, i.e.,
USSE-Satellites, Far East, and Europe-:fr.ica A11. nap projects
in su_pp:art of CIA, the Department of State, and other If!C age-ncies
are initiated or assignod within the proper regional compilation
branch. In performing these duties initial liaison with officials
requesting cartographic aid is made in order to establish the
s ubsta,. tive background. of the project and the objective and
scope of the cartographic support required. rafter such arc
established, the Compilation Branch collates the necessary
reLearch materials, evaluates their content as to applicability,
adds general basic ;'.-Or, -graphic information, and from the several
sources compiles a .aauscript map. Concurrently, the design
and construction specifications are determined along with the
preparation of a type order and the nap reproduction plan. Several
specific checking or editing functions are performed during these
operations. The completed manuscript with type order and
construction specifications arc forwarded to the Development
and Construction Branch for the preparation of color separation
plates prior to reproduction.
C. Developme:it asd Construction. The manuscript map and
its attached specifications are reviewed and assigned to the
cartographic drafting operation in the Branch where color-
separation plates are drafted according to exact specifications.
Upon completion, the color-separation plates are critically
checked and returned to the Compilation Branch.
Composing and printing of type ,_.nd symbols required for
the ap production isa function of the Development and
Construction Branch. This facility is also used in support
of requirements from the several components of CIA, other
IAC agencies, and some other governmental units.
Special cartographic and certain limited types of graphic
requirements not suitable for norrml production procedures are
handled by a Cartographic Aid Section in the Development and
a
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Construction Branch. By this function the component parts
of CIA moc.eive support covering a wide range of special
requiru_ients beyond the normal graphic and cartographic
support from other conpo;.ents in the Cartography? Division.
~.s a separate function in the Development and Construction
Bra:.::ich, the Cartographic Lc?.boratory furnishes the Division with
improved techniques and procedures as applied to modern
cartography. It plans, directs, and executes the Division's
training program given to new personnel both professional and
sub-prof esssional. In this r anner, new personnel arc initiated
in the procedures, tech i:jues, and standards in operation in
the Division.
D. Hap Editing. :''.Il raps produced by the Division are
subjected to a critical editing review prior to release for
reproduction. In addition to a data check, the editing function
critically reviews o,a.ch map from the "consu cr's" point of view.
In this a test is to determine whether or not
the intended "story is beingtold" in an adequate ;71anner .
E. Graphics. The Graphics facility in the Cartography
Di ision supports all components of CIA and to a large degree
the 1 SC . Primarily in this manner the top level administration
of the Agency receives support in presenting basic concepts in
visual aid form. Operations, acLinistration, and producing
com uonent c of finished intelligence depend on graphic support
to strengthen concepts, effectively compare statistical data,
and cu:..larize in one visual aid the total result of such
intelligence. Visual aid support of this type results
rrinarily from the ability of individual graphic specialists
to create a "picture" which points up the primary theme of
the intelligence it supports.
F . Social Canto ;rabic Support . Cartographic and graphic
s7 sport involving all phases of compilation, drafting, and graphic
aids are given the Spec.i :_.l Center in the Agency. This special
Dranch, using techniques and procedures com. on to the rest of the
Cartography Division, is unique in that it is a completely self-
colitained unit performing all phases of the Division's recpoi:si-
bility but on a much reduced scale.
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INTELLIGE1 CE OBJECTIVES AND Fa1CTIONS OF THE
GEOGRAPHY DIVISION, ORR
In addition to the intelligence objectives and functions(detailed
below) of the regional and functional branches of D/GG, the combination
of which are the objectives and functions of the Division, and in addition
to the responsibilities and functions cannon to all organizational elements
of ORR, the Geography Division is also responsible fore
A. The coordination of the policy and prog*ram of the Chapters
IX., F?ational Intelligence Survey.
B. The coordination of the contents, scope and objectives of
the Joint Armed Forces Ecca e and Evasion GeoGraphy Program.
C. The production, evaluation and stimulation of the acquisition
of geographic, cartologic and malping intelligence of the whole world--
not coley on the USSR and Satellites.
D. As a result of "C" above, to supply such intelligence on
the world outside the Soviet Bloc to other parts of the Agency and
to other intelligence a(encies.
E. Again as a result of "C" above, to give such intelligence
su ,,;..ort to DD /P operations,
F. To produce the ;dap Intelli,;e:nce Review. A periodic
publication which contains items of current intelli enc in fields
of geo[;r^phic and mapping intelligence.
G. To assist in the professional direction, of the Geographic
Attache proLram of the Department of State, and to evaluate the
reports of the Geographic Attaches.
H. To effect close coordination and harmony of D/GG policies
with those of the Geographic Area, of ORR and of other com nonents
of CIA.
I. To advise, assist and participate in the Interdepartmental
Ad Hoc and Technical corr..ittees on the Antarctic.
J. To advise and participate in as an associate member of
the appropriate Panel relating to geography and nipping established
by the Department of Defense.
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K. To advise and participate in as deputy member of the
Forei n Nazes Coii ittee of the United States Board on Gec raphic
Ilanes.
TIITELLIGEIICE OBJECTIVES JUID FUIICTIOTIS OF THE
REGIONAL BWNICHES, D/GG, ORR
I. II;TLLLIGEI;CE OBJECTIVES
It is the responsibility of the reEional branches (six in nunber
--USSR, Eastern Europe, Western Europe, Far East and Pacific, Near
East and ~,frica, and Western Henis ,here ), in the fields c f eo`ra_ chic,
cartolo:ic and napping inteili,-ence, to:
A. Coordinate, where fe sible and when necessary, the
research and prcducticn activities of other ;;overrnnert a;~encies
with their own in order to prevent the overlappAnr, of functions
and duplication of effort.
B. Evaluate all inte1li;-ence in these fields, and determine
the accuracy of the reporter.
C. Produce finished intelli.:euce which accurately and
specifically supports operational functions.
D. Produce finished intelli.;;enee of direct interest to
all U. 03. planners and analysts in the fields of eo;;raphic,
c:Yrtolo"ic and nappin intelli,;ence.
E. Determine the ;als in irtelliaence in those fields
and to stipulate the acquisition of intelli`ence by others
so that the Caps are filled.
F. Maintain files of raw intelliSence and biblior;raihic
leads to such intelliGence so that they may be readily utilized
in the production of finished intelli;ence.
II. FU:CTIOITAL OPERATIONS THAT UT-PORT THE IITTELLIGENCE OBJECTIVES OF
T THE R' GIOIIAL BR JTCHE,9, D GG , OI R
In reco-,nition of and in order to carry out the above objectives
the regional branches perform the followin`; functions:
A. Coordinate the iztelli_:ence activities and products of
seven other governz.ent w:encies that contribute cartoloSic
evaluations and nappin_ intelli-once to Chapters IX of the
Ilatiana,l Intellif;enco Surv .
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B. Keep abreast of the pro,-;rams, holdings, capabilities,
and deficiencies of other intelligence agencies in these fields
in order to determine their utility as sources of information,
the value of their products and the possibility of their
durlicatinr the functions of other agencies.
C. Evaluate, on request, raw intelligence produced by this
and other agencies.
D. Initiate evaluations of capabilities and of finished
intelligence of U. S. and foreign agencies. In contrast to "C"
: Intelligence
above, evaluations of this type usually :appear in the a
T
Review.
E. Produce, on request, geographic intelligence reports as
outlined below, These include eler.erts, in varyin,,.[ de.--rees, from
the following fields: ; eor.zo p-holo-y, climatology, hy?.rolo y, location
of natural resources, industrial location, ethnology, der. orraphy,
agriculture and land utiliz tion, urban foz zs, functions, F,i ea and
situations, transportation mnd communication alignments and networks.
The aprroach to and trt-',,trze t of these elements is areal and
regionalized with emphasis rn spatial relationships.
1. Regional Geogc;hic Analyses
(1) Co,z1,
such as countr
countries and
Studies with a specific orientation.
(a) Escape an Evasion
general infcr
very small area
await rescue.
detailed des,::r
r Studies - These describe large areas,
es, SSR's or large re:.--ions of the larger
re so slanted as to give an evader enough
tion to facilitate his unaided escape
e:. Studies - Highly specific and
tption of a number of carefully selected
where an evader may take refuge and
(3) Safe "seas Stt::di:s - These include a selection
and brief description of a very limited nuiber of areas
in a country where an evader may take refuge and await
rescue or escay.e by self-help.
(4+) Escam m, Route Studies These include a selection
and description of routes to be used by an agent evading
arrest and seeking escape frcm a country in which he has
been operating.
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(b) Penetration
(1) Border Studies - Detailed descriptions of
areas of var nL s z a ong the land borders of the
USSR with recoix ended points for crossinL; into the USSR.
(2) Coastal Studies - Detailed description of
the coasts-o ie a and other countries with indication
of the best small boat landing areas.
(c) Urban Area Analyses
(1) General and Specific Studies - Detailed verbal
and cartovralc l.resei ~t3 ohs cep ctir; forte, functional
pattern and spatial relationships within an urban area.
Broad description. of large areas or detailed description
of small areas to be used in operations for backround and
for nlannin . Thcu,-h these studies are ener_1, they nay
include specific ccaelusions and recor:a_.endations.
2. Topical G c';ra:_aiic IL: ~1~> set
(a) Studies: with a specific orientation
(t) Psr:_:.ilitary - These wtudies locate and
describe inust~?ies, ttra- sport and eo rur;ication lines
and indicate the best prints _"-)r sabotage and destruction.
(2) "r'olitic::l anll Psychological - Location and
description of areas where : ycholo fecal w_.rfare could
be waged with possible success.
(3) Ccunt ersabotare - Location and Description
of points in an industrial complex at which counter-
sabota'-e measures should be taken. These studies
are done on a national basis and the ease of sabots e
in one area is ccr.y.ared with other areas.
(b) General Studies
(1) General Definitive Studies - These describe
an industry, function or installation in relation to
its geographic environr.:ent.
(2) Research :ids - Studies to be used in
furtherin the research of others .
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F. Initiate the production of reports similar to those in
II-E by anticipating a future demand for them.
G. Produce cartologic and napping intelligence reports to
include elements from the following fields: naps, map production
and progr ms, mapping and surveying programs, geodesy and graviraetry.
H. Develop new specialized research techniques in order to
accelerate the production of the standard type of intelligence
reports and to solve problems arising from new and unusual requests.
1. Determine periodically and systematically gaps in intelligence
and formulate requirements designed to fill such gaps. Determination
is done genes lly and in relation to specific research projects.
J. The areal arran,gerent, categorization and collection of
raw intelligence by filing, preparation of annotated base raps, the
writin., of extracts, abstracts, precis and bi.bliographic devices
to facilitate the preparation of finished intelligence.
ITiTELLIGEP;CE OBJECTIVES JID FUIICTIOIIS OF THE
TERRITORIAL STUDIES BRALCH, D/GG, ORR
I. II-TELLIGE.`C'E OBJECTIVES
A. To procure, analyze and furnish to intelligence consumers
information in the form of finished reports, merioranda, materials
for map corapilation, or orally, on the following subjects, listed
in approximate order of current importance.
1. The location, marling and topographic setting of
international boundaries.
2. Boundary barricades and fortifications.
3. Boundary administration and security measures.
4. Internal territorial-administrative 1)a its of countries,
including creation of new units, abolition or alteration of
old units, and establishment of new systems of territorial
adr:ini stration.
5. Interpretation of the significance of territorial-
adr_iinistrative changes in terms of population shifts,
industrial growth or nationality policies with respect to
the Bloc countries.
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6. Documentary basis for boundaries, including treaties,
protocols and decrees.
7. Boundary and territorial changes, disputes and claims
to territory.
8. The political status of countries and dependent areas,
includin. island dependencies.
9. Status and claims to territorial sea and continental
shelf.
B. To cooperate with other parts of CIA and other government
agencies in the production of .hese types of intelligence and, where
fe^.sitie and necessary, tc ccordinate this type of intelligence
production among agencies.
C. Determine the gaps in intelligence in these fields and to
stimulate the acquisition of intelligence by others so that the
gaps are filled.
D. Maintain files of raw intelligence and bibliographic leads
to such intelligence so that they may be readily utilized in the
production of finished intelligence.
II. FUT:CTIOTTAL OPER~~''COTIS TAT SUPPORT THE IITTELLIGE;dCE OBJECTIVES
C ' iE TERRI CRI aL STUDIES BR ^;;CH, DOG,, C -M
In i._iylementing the above,-stated objectives, the Branch
performs the following functions:
A. International boundary inf.>r,..aticn.
1. In support of CIA operations, prepares the portion
of the USSR border studies dealing_with the description of
the boundary, its markin?s, crossing; points, barricades,
._~nd boundary adrlinintration; and, furnish: s materials to
D/GC for the preparation of detailed maps for these studies.
2. Initiates and produces a series of more comprehensive
studies of USSR boundaries covering the documentary basis,
description of the boundary, regional analysis of boundary
areas, boundary dis_;)utes, and evaluation of boundary raps.
3. Upon request from the State Department, prepares
studies of the documentary basis and location of boundaries.
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4. Upon request from iNS, ACIC, and other overnrrent
r_k..ppinC agencies, and after air rolpriate consultation with State
Dpartment, furnishes inforr::ation on U.S. policy respecting
cert.--a,in boundaries, territorial descriptions of boundaries,
nay sources for boundary portrayal and representation of
internal boundaries.
5. Initiates and produces studies of selected boundary
problem areas. These studies deal with the terrain, econor-_y,
ethnic ,roups and history of boundary claims.
B. Territorial administrative division informatim:n.
1. Upon its own initiation and also upon request from
ether parts of CIA or other ac_encies, prepares reports on
chances in the territorial-administrative divisions of different
c untries. The principal areas of interest to date have been
Ccc.TM.runist China, Ger m y, India, and the countries of southeast
2. In fulfillment of requireme_its within CI:":, mintains
a card index file of c,_,.rr. ant and, historical information on all
levels of the territorial-administrative structure of the USSR.
3. Upon request fro,-,, other government agencies, furnishes
information on territorial-c.(Ird _istrative divisions in all
parts of the world.
C. Claims to territory in the Antarctic.
Upon request prepares studies of claims and exploration in
the Antarctic.
D. Marr final sea an3. continental shelf studies.
Initiates and produces reports of current interest on
the claims of forei-n countries to the uargir:al sea and
continental shelf in relation to their f3'.shing'.riOats
and mineral exploitation.
E. Miscellaneous territory 1-adrir"'istrative studies.
Initiates and produces reports of current r;eneral intelliGenco
interest re;ardin,, boundary and sovereignty than:-es, reco;~ ended
treatment of boundaries, fcrei`u nap portrayal of boundaries,
a;d territorial administrative chances. Many of these reports
hive appeared in the Map Intl lli Ye ace Review.
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IIITELLIGEUCE OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE
MAP LIBRARY DIVISION, ORR
I. Intelligence Objectives
A. To maintain and develop a comprehensive library providing a
current, world-wide coverage of foreign political, economic, sociological
and other types of special-subject maps, together with strategic map
series, and providing atlases, gazetteers, postal guides, and. other
related cartographic and geographic volumes for intelligence use in
the CIA, and for use in the Department of State (by virtue of the
intent of the transfer of the trap Division of the Department of State
to the CIA in 1917).
B. To conduct procurement of maps, atlases, gazetteers, postal
guides, and other related volumes for intelligence use, that will ensure
that the library collection is as consistently current and as broad
within its specialized field as is possible.
C. To obtain and distribute, on a continuing basis, for use in the
CIA and in the Department of State and other intelligence agencies, the
following types of foreign intelligence:
1. Maps and mapping--specific information about: a) individual
naps; b) mapping organizations and personnel; c) mapping programs and
plans of organizations and countries.
2. Geographic: a)locational data for use in validation and
preparation of naps; b) physical data for use in area analysis;
c) cultural data, including political and administrative boundary
and territorial problem delineations.
3. Photographic: a) information on existence of mapping and
related photography; b) information on availability of negatives or
prints; c) information on existence of plots; d) irnnforantion on plans
or proposals for the flyi:ig of new 12-iotography of foreign areas;
e) plots, negatives and prints within field of specialized inter~st.
I+. Graphic and Carto rr LPf1ic: a) information on development of new
materials, equipment; b) descriptions or brochures on new techniques
and procedures.
D. To render 1) a most complete map reference service to the CIA
and the Department of State, based upon the holdings of this library
and also those of other map libraries of the U. S. Government, and 2)
to render a dependable and thorou service, based on the holdings of
this library only, to the other members of the intelligence community.
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E. To coordinate Map Library procurement, processing, and service
functions with related activities in the other U. S. Government mapping;
agencies and in the intelligence coriunity, for the purpose of increasing
the efficiency, thoroughness, and completeness of these operations and
for obtaining their greatest effectiveness in fulfilling the stated
intelligence objectives.
II. FUdCTIOITAL CPERATIONS THAT SUPPORT THE INTELLIGE71-rE OBJECTIVES OF
MAP LIBRARY DT_VISIOU
1. Gives policy direction to development and maintenance of
comprehensive library of naps and related reference materials, in
furtherance of Division's intelligence objectives.
2. Supervises and coordinates operations of the three branches
of the Division.
3. Effects close coordination and harmony of Division policies
with policies of the Gee,_ graphic Research Area, and of other components
of CIA.
4. Prepares outgoing Department of State con unications directed
to Foreign Service posts, to foreign mapping agencies, and to persons
and organizations in this country with whom it is necessary to
correspond in connection with procurement of maps of foreign areas.
5. Gives general over-all direction to preparation of requirements
for map and geographic intelligence drawn up on the basis of known
gaps in research data, for sending to the appropriate Foreign Service
Post or to 00/C for forwarding to its field offices.
6. Maintains liaison with other mapping and map library components
of the U. S. Government, throuh conference, through membership in the
Graphics Research Coordinating Group, and in serving as Chairman of
the Inter-Agency Map Procurement Coordination Cci.littee.
7. The Chief of the Division serves as Deputy Special Assistant
for Maps, Department of State, by a) assisting in the direction of
procurement program, b) assisting in the supervision of the Geographic
Attaches of the Foreign Service, c) initiating action affecting the
Geographic Attaches and conferring with Department of State officials
in the furtherance of the map procurement program, and d) undertaking
periodic special missions in support of the program.
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8. The Chief acts as Chairman of meetings of several groups
of persons in the GeoL;ara1bic Research Area, in pla_lning; the pro rams
and itineraries of the Geographic Attaches.
B. Procurement Brach
1. Compiles requirements (both guide line and specific)
for naps and related -eotraphic publications, on the basis of
information found in intellir-once reports, catalog's, lists and
indexes of foreignrmapping aGencies, and other sources; prepares
in coordinated form requirements for naps, related publications,
en-ineer's drawing~,s and aerial photo?raphs, with a view to co,-tbine
procurement for appropriate U. S. Goverment mappin ; aGencies, before
forwarding the coordinated requirements either to the oo/C field
offices for domestic pros I.i.rer.,ent, or to the Geo~.7rnphic attaches,
or Foreign Service posts, for procurer.-Lent overseas.
2. Collaborates in the preparation of map, ;eogra,phic,
cartographic and photos raihic intelli? e ice requirements based on
known caps in data needed for research projects currently assigned
to the Geographic Research Area, and directs these requirements to
the appropriate Foreign Service Posts throu i St/C or to 00`C for
forwarding to its field offices.
3. Furnishes staff support to the Department of State's Special
Assistant for Maps in administration and Guidance of the Geo,-raphic
Attache proGrrari.
4+. Supports the Inter-I>;_ency Map Procurement Prot-Tam by
a) briefing; and trai..inL; Geo _r aphic Attaches prior to their
departure to the field; b) reviewing incoming procurement
correspondence and initi=.tir.; drafts of outgoing correspondence;
c) reconmendin,, Geographic Attaches' itineraries, according to
current needs; and d) furnishing Attaches with supplies of map
materials to use in carrying out the procurement iro,=nm.
5. Maintains exchange arrangements with foreign mapping
agencies through correspondence, want lists and transmittal of
material to fulfill commitments .
6. Establishes and maintains liaison with Government agencies
in the Washington area to effect i;recurement.
7. Processes incoming nmps, related publications and map
intelligence; searches books for special-subject maps contained;
arranges for reproductions of maps when necessary; distributes
material and information on the basis of requirements.
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8. Reviews the nap collection in order to refine the holdings
and deficiencies.
C. Processing Branch
1. Catalogs completely, by professional library standards,
all special-subject maps, nap series, atlases, gazetteers, geographic
and cartographic volumes on file in the nap library; indexes all
city targets produced in the AFOIN program.
2. Maintains a) the Map Library card catalogs for maps and
publications; b) a catalog of intelligence reports (State, Army,
Navy, Air and CIA) from which maps have been processed, indicating
report number, title and Map Library call number of each map;
c) a union catalog, by author and title, of geographic publications
from which :.zaps have been processed, indicating the call number of
every ,mp cataloged.
3. Maintains and services a) the Loan Copy collection of special-
subject naps, series maps, and maps and texts of the AFOIN Target
Prograr_z; b) the stock collection of CIA-published maps; c) the
duplicate collection for distribution purposes; and d) the Loom, Copy
collection of books.
4+. Through its Collection Section, acts as CIA liaison in
ordering maps and map materials from all U.S. Government nap publishers;
initiates orders for re-stocking on foreign items and domestic non-
Govern:.;ent items; initiates requests for re-runs of CIA-published
maps and for reproductions of Loan Copy maps; effects liaison
between the National archives and CIA in accomplishing the lani~nation
of maps in the collection, and the lamination of materials held in
other offices of CIA.
5. Compiles and issues for distribution an "Acquisitions List
for Maps of Foreign Areas" in a weekly "Restricted." series and a
less frequent "Secret" series; effects coordination of contributions
to the weekly list that are received from seven United States
Government participating map libraries; distributes CIA printed nap
catalog cards for new nap acquisitions to offices within CIA, to the
Department of State, and to other participating map libraries.
6. Circulates and maintains circulation records of all maps
and other map library materials loaned; borrows, for CIA, maps
on inter-libr..xy loan; borrows, for the Geographic Research Area,
books on inter-library loan; works closely with the security office
BE
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on misplaced loans of classified material; provides Map Library
clearances of persons leaving CIA with the authority to withhold
clearance if Map Library loans are outstanding.
7. Takes responsibility for r_ iap library liaison with the
depositories, involving the forwarding of maps and catalog cards
and the briefing of depository personnel on coordination and filing
of materials.
8. Maintains contact with other Map Libraries to obtain
information, on a continuing basis, about their methods, operations,
techniques and systems.
D. Reference Branch
1. Provides guidance and assistance to CIA, the Department of
State, IAC agencies, and other government groups in the selection,
use, and availability of maps, charts, and related geographic
publications.
2. Instructs those presenting proper identification regarding
the purpose, scope, and procedures for utilization of map and
geographic materials housed in or available through the Map Library.
3. Provides on loan, in accordance with security procedures
and regulations, mass and related geographic materials from foreign
and domestic sources. This material includes special-subject maps,
general coverage naps, topographic series, target charts and mosaics
with related textual materials, atlases, gazetteers, glossaries, and
other geographic publications.
)+. Locates, borrows, and makes loans of maps and charts from
other government libraries upon the requests of CIA and Department
of State l.erconnel.
5. Provides as gifts, according to security controls thereon,
maps and some charts produced by the CIA and its predecessors, by
other U. S. Government agencies, by domestic coaercial publishers,
and by foreign governmental and co:.rercial publishers, This material
includes special-subject maps, maps of general coverage, topographic,
hydrographic, and aeronautical series, target charts and mosaics with
related textual information, atlases, gazetteers, and other available
geographic publications.
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6. RecoLaends to the Procurement Branch the procurement of
specific naps and related materials.
7. Provides, to the CIA, Department of State, and other
Government a3encies, information relating to production, holdings,
availability and classification of nmls, charts, gazetteers,
lossaries and related material.
8. Services requests for place-:tee spellini;s, designations,
and locations by routing requests to the appro'riate action center
or by taking action according to established procedures, and trans-
rittini resulting information to the requester.
9, Maintains as geo;_rap~hic reference tools a sample file of
CIA, State, and OSS rap publications, a numerical and regional card
catalog, of the above-listed map publications with distribution
controls thereon, a file of Acquisition Lists, and the several
U. S . over ment agency nap catalogs and the Ms OIi Target List
in which chances and additions are periodically recorded.
10. Maintains security clearance records on persons, outside
CIA, who visit t3ae Map Library or nape use of classified naps and
charts either on a loan or gift basis.
11. Participates in ueetings with other components of CIA and
other Government aGencies to plan for efficient and prompt service,
acquisition, and use of specific maps and charts.
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INTELLIGEICE OBJECTIVES AND FUNCTIONS OF THE
PHOTO INTELLIGENCE DIVISION, ORR
A. To produce photographic intelligence support and a general
working capability in the utilization of photographic information
within the Central Intelligence Agency.
B. To devise, produce or obtain new techniques, instruments or
materiel for effecting more comprehensive and efficient photographic
intelligence operations.
C. To prepare estimates of enemy and allied national capabilities
in the fields of photograrmetry and photographic intelligence.
D. To effect employment of all forms of photography and photographic
intelligence data to evaluate, verify or refute other types of
information received at CIA.
E. To assist other offices within CIA in the preparation, reviewing,
and final acceptance of external contracts involving objects or tests
of a photographic nature.
F. To provide general training in photographic interpretation,
photograimetry and photographic intelligence in support of all CIA
internal training, indoctrination or orientation programs.
G. To directionally stimulate or influence and continuously maintain
cognizance of activities, of the military services, other Government
Agencies and of cosmiercial organizations, pertaining to photographic
intelligence.
H. To represent CIA at conferences, cor ittees, commissions and
other meetings which require Agency representation v=ersed in photographic
intelligence, photo interpretation, photograr: retry, aerial photography,
ground photography, and radar scope photography.
I. To support the Geographic Area in extraction specific photographic
interpretation data pertaining to Topo;_r-ihical and Regional Geographic
Analyses including elements from the following fields: geomorphology,
hydrology, natural resource locations, industrial locations, agriculture
and land utilization, urban forms, functions, sites and situations,
transportation and coruanication networks.
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J. To assist in determining the collection objectives of the
Geographic Attache Program related to foreign photographic; photo-
gr,ametric, and photo intelligence activities and establishments.
II. FUNCTIONAL OPERATIONS THAT SUPPORT THE I''TELLIGEANCE OBJECTIVES OF THE
PHOTO INTELLIGENCE DIVISION.
A. Providin Photographic Intelligence Support. D/GP produces
photographic intelligence reports, studies or working papers specifically
covering or slanted towards multiple research aspects of the Geographic
and Industrial Fields.
1. Geographical Research data of broadest scope is developed
covering all physical intelligence aspects of the natural earth
surface as observed in or interpret::ble from the latest available
photography. These include delineation and description from
photography of the details of the natural and cultural landscapes
of such specified areas as border zones, safe areas, escape routes,
coastal regions, physiographic provinces, and corridors. Such
photographic intelligence reports supply data in varying degrees
pertinent to the field: of geomorphology, hyd.rolo,y, forestry,
soil science, vegetation analysis, ecology, cJi.atology, geology,
agriculture, and land use.
2. Industrial Research data of broadest scope is developed
covering all physical intellig nce aspects of the constructions
and operations of man or, the earth's surface as observed in or
interpretable from the latest availe~,ble photo;raaaphy. These include
urban studies and industrial analysis consisting of photographic
lccation, delineation, description, dimensioning, identification of
major component parts, identification of major supporting facilities
(power, railroads, etc.) and/or estimates of capacity or potential
for expansion when so requested. All other constructions or
operations of man interpretable from photography of the earth's
surface are located and reported upon in comprehensive detail within
the limits of time, importance of intelligence requirement and existing
capabilities of D/GP.
At the sane tine that D/GP produces the types of studies or
reports indicated, it endeavors to provide the related intelligence
analysts elsewhere in ORR and other parts of CIA with a general
working capability in the utilization of photographic information
where requirements of average difficulty exist. Unusual photographic
intelligence probleris or those requiring complex technical equipment
or advanced skills are assigned without exception to D/GP for
solution.
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B. Providing New Photographic Intelligence Techniques or Instruments
for CIA. D GP reviews a wide range of CIS; problcns with the intent to
devise, produce or otherwise obtain such new procedures or material as can
render more comprehensive and efficient photo intelligence solutions to
these problems. These techniques or instruments include all forms of
optical-mechanical linkages called plotters or stereometers, photo
rectifiers, illumination sources, stereoscopes, coripar:Ltors, projection
devices, image measuring tools, nomographs, counters, keys, manuals,
stereo,-,rams, calculating devices, anaglyphs, polaroid viewers, and
reference scales. These devices are individually examined in relation
to CIA's expressed intelligence requirements and available photography,
and recor-emendations are made for new designs, adaptations, and direct
procurement. Techniques are being sought and tested for preparation of
reconnaissance map manuscripts, shaded relief map manuccript$ and sketch
maps of limited but important areas imaged in recent reconnaissance or
covert photography.
C. Estimates of Foreign National Caaabilities in the Fields of
Photo; rarluetry and Photographic Intelligence. D7Gp accumulates data as
preparation for estiuatinl Soviet Bloc or Allied national capabilities in
photogrammetry and photographic intellience. In addition to or along
with its own collections D/GP critic:~lly reviews, supplements and assists
in the rewrite of external con-.tract derived information regarding Soviet
Bloc capabilities in photography, photo."ru,aietry, radio-location devices,
and geodesy. Other estimates or reviews are prepared entirely from
collective D/GP experience and informatior. collections within CIA. Where
possible the estimates of foreiggri capabilities indicate. relative advantages
or disadvantages compared with the U. S. and underlines new techniques
or instruments which hold :-lost promise for effecting the separate national
standings and capabilities.
D. Utilizin Photographic Intelligence Data to Evaluate, Verify
or Refute other types of CIA Inforrlation. D /GP uses the advantaCe of
photographic intelligence as an A-1 source or filtering mechanism for
evaluating other types of information received and under question at CLI..
Examples:
1. Although limited in most cases to old and/or inferior
photography, skilled interpretation in D/GP indicates what appears
to be multiple duplications and errors in reporting names, numbers
and locations of Soviet Bloc plants collectively considered in making
industrial estimates.
2. Photography provides a host fruitful source for map
evaluations and is often the only means of discovering r.ap errors
of major importance for operational and planning, purposes.
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E. Assisting Other Offices in CIA with External Contracts. D/GP
assists, as required, other offices within CIA in preparing, reviewin;~
and finally accepting external contracts involving objects of a photographic
nature or for which photographic records and photoraretric analysis are
required to establish the basis for final acceptance.
Examples :
1. Intelligence Collection Cameras or related Photo Devices.
2. Ground Photo Intelligence Collections Prograls.
3 . Ground Photo Intelligence Handbooks.
F. Providing Trailing in Photographic Intellig:.;ence . D/GP provides
limited training in photogr :phis interpretation, photograr rsetry and photo-
graphic intelligence in support of CIA internal training, indoctrinations
and orientation programs. These presentations indicate range, limitations
and capabilities of photographic intelligence and are accompanied by
examples, sketches, visual aids and questioning period as appropriate.
Examples:
1. ORR Training Program:. Lectures
2. DD/P Lectures on Ground Photography
3. DD/P Composite Exhibits Program;.
G. Influencing and Maintaining Cognizance of External Activities
in Photographic Intelligence. D GP maintains active contact with and
cognizance of service, govern ent and corn-aercial activities in photographic
intelligence, photo, ,gar: etry and related fields. D/GF works toward
directionally stimulating such service and government activities as it
can in order that CIA might profit along with the other activities from
new developments in underdeveloped aspects of photo interpretation,
eliminations of overlap and recoaiendations as to which instrument,
technique or activity appears best and worthy of most collective
support.
Examples:
Support Air Force development of long focal length photography.
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Exar_iples: (cont'd)
2. Encourage Navy short focal length, low altitude--hi speed
photog r~^phy.
3. Encourage, actively support and review U. S. representative's
overseas intelligence ground photography collections program.
4+. Encourage more industrial and urban P. I. keys.
5. Encourage more U. S. corsaercial concerns to enter into
production of more and better photo interpretation equipment.
H. Representing CIA at Discussions Involving Photographic Intelligence.
'
co::rittees, co:issions and at other
D/GP represents CIA at conference,
meetings which require Agency representation versed in the major aspects
of photographic intelligence, photo interpretation, photogrametry, aerial
photography, ground photography, radar scope photography and related natters.
I. Providing Specific Photographic Interpretation Details for
Geographic Area Ruau.irei..ents. D/GP, in addition to its general photographic
intelligence support, provides photographic interpretation details for
. , Geographic Area requirements relating to Topographical and Regional
Pro. ,gran. D GP assists in deter:i.ning the collection objectives of the
Geographic Attache Program as related to foreign photographic, photo-
grarm:ietric, and photo intelligence activities and establishments.
Geographic analyses. These details include elements from the fields of
geomorphology, hydrology, natural resource location, industrial location,
agriculture, land utilization, urban forms, functions, sites and
situations, transportation and communication networks.
J. Assisting with Collection Objectives of the Geographic Attache
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