USE OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHY BY CIA COMPONEMTS OTHER THAN CIA/PID (NPIC)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81T00990R000100070045-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 18, 2002
• Sequence Number: 45
• Publication Date: January 25, 1963
• Content Type: MF

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MEMORANDUM TO: Chief, CIA/PID (NPIC)
25X1 ATTENTION IP0/sI
FROM
SUBJECT
: Acting Chief, PID/IB
Use of Aerial Photography by CIA Components other than
CIA/PID (NPIC)
This memorandum is organized in five parts for the sake of convenience.
PART ONE deals with the aerial photo scan activities and film usage by the
Economic Research Area of ORR, the "customer" PID/IB is most familiar with.
PART TWO is a listing of completed or in work" requirements dealing
specifically with photo enlargements that have originated from the above
mentioned activities. PART THREE is a listing of requirements of a detailed
nature that have originated from the above mentioned activities. PART FOUR
deals with some suggestions why film scan should be controlled and conducted
at NPIC. PART FIVE is a list of recommendations on how NPIC could support
other CIA components if all film is contained, scanned, and analysed at NPIC.
PART ONE
A. Analysts in the Economic Research Area/ORR, particularily the
Resources Division and the Manufacturing and Services Division, and to
a much lesser degree the Milita c c Division, are ordering duo-
25X1 positive film rolls I ff
directly from the NPIC/PSD/ICB
Film. Library. Upon receipt of this film in ORR, the analysts actually
view it on light tables and pick out examples of Chicom industrial
installations and various aspects of Chinese agriculture that lie within
their areas of interest. Subsequently photo enlargements of these
installations are requested in the form of specific requirements to
CIA/PID (NPIC). PID/IB orders these enlargements, locates and labels
them, and more recently, annotates the basic components of each plant;
and then forwards the enlargements to ORR to satisfy the requirements.
(See Part II for a listing of these requirements and enlargements).
B. This procedure has been justified on the basis that these analysts
must become familiar with the aspects of Chinese industry as presented
on photography, and this will in turn help them in leveling requirements
for more specific and detailed photo analysis in PID. To date very few
of these detailed requirements have been received in light of the large
number of enlargements that have been forwarded to ORR. (See Part III
for a listing of these requirements). The ORR analysts continue to assure
us, however, that at the present time these enlargements are what they
specifically need.
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C. To my knowledge thel held in these three 25X
Divisions of ORR at one time does not excee more than one, although on
occasion they have held parts of more than one mission.
D. On two occasions ORR analysts have used information that they have
gleaned from their own analysis of in producing 25X
reports and then have asked PID for coordination on ese reports before
final publication. These reports are as follows;
1. Photography Confirms the Existanee of Modern Concentrating
Facilities in the Chinese Tungsten Industry. CIA/RR CB 63-2
8 January 1963-
2. Production of Electric Power in Communist China in 1962.
ORR Project 26.3823
Although Industrial Branch, PID did furnish some PI analysis for
the second project through Informal Memo IB - 26/62, dated 28 February
1962, in answer to Requirement No. DDI/RR/E/R-07/62 (Project No. C 73/62),
all of the sections of the first report and a considerable amount of the
second report dealing with photography were compiled by the ORR analysts
themselves. Upon completion of the draft copy of these reports they
were sent to PID for coordination, with a short deadline, without
guidelines as to how they arrived at some of the conclusions based on
photographic analysis and without a specific requirement for this
coordination. It was extremely difficult to coordinate these 'after
the fact", in other words if the PI analysts in PID had been asked for
support and coordination during the preparation of these reports this
coordination could have been more effective and beneficial.
PID/IB is not knowledgeable of other reports produced in ORR which
specifically acknowledge the use of aerial photo analysis in their
preparation, however there may well be others. Also PID/IB is not
knowledgeable of ORR reports that have information in them that was
derived from photography, but not so indicated. This, again, is a
possibility which we cannot verify at the present time.
E. On 3 October 1962 analysts from PID/IB met with analysts from ORR/D/MS*,
Transporation Branch to discuss a transportation project they had initiated.
The project concerns a comparative photographic analysis of rail traffic
at selected Chinese Urban Areas to determine the relation of rail traffic
to industrial activity. The theory behind this study was that a com-
parison of earlier date photo coverage (preferably the period 1956-1959)
25X1 with of the amount of activity at these
selected centers could be used as a guide line in analysing the trend
of Chicom industrial activity in general over the same periods.
*Manufacturing and Services Division, ORR,
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Subsequently analysts from the Transportation Branch viewed NPIC
photo plots to obtain actual photo references of various comparative
coverages of these rail centers, presumably as an aid to the writing
of requirements for PID/IB Support. To date we have received none
of these requirements, and with these photo references they could have
ordered the film from NPIC/PSD/ICB Film Library and conducted their
own photo analysis; however this is only speculation and there may
well be some other reason whj- the project may not have developed as
originally planned.
5X1
25X1
PART Tt10
This part is a listing of requirements that have specifically
requested photo enlargements and were leveled as a result of the ORR
analysts scanning F- I To date CIA/PID/IB (NPIC)
has completed 77 projects requesting a total of 556 enlargements. There
are 20 projects requesting a total of 70 enlargements now in work in
the Branch. These requirements hay, been leveled by the following
Divisions of the Economic Research Area, ORR:
1. Resources Division (ORB/DiR) Chief.
2. Manufacturing and Services Division kOM717)JMS)
Chief.
3. Military Economic Division (ORR/D/M),
These projects are listed on Attachment A.
PART THREE
As previously stated, a justification for sending the lI
and the enlargements to the ORR analysts was to he p
there to become familiar with the aspects of Chinese industry as
presented on photography, and this will in turn help them in leveling
requirements for more specific and detailed photo analysis in PID.
PID/IB has received, to date, fifteen (15) such projects. Attachment B
is a listing of these detailed projects.
We are also currently expecting another detailed requirement
requesting a PI study of a new copper smelter and refinery at Kun-ming,
China as per telecom on 24 January 1963 with the ORR analyst who is
responsible for maintaining current intelligence records on this type of
industry in Communist China.
PART' FOUR
The following is a list of reasons supporting the need for NPIC
control of film:
A. Many projects handled at NPIC have short deadlines and considering
the giber of PI's now aboard anc, those planned for the immediate future,
snakes it imperative that film be readily available at all times in the
NPIC files or at least within the building.
25X
25X
25X'
25
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B. Most of the requirements that have originated through "outside" film
usage has led to a large amount of duplication of effort between ORR and
NPIC analysts in obtaining the film,, scanning for targets and obtaining
photo data for photo lab requirements.
C. NPIC has competent analysts that are familiar with subject material,
NPIC handling procedures, and possess the ability to assist other CIA
conrp)onents in the search, scan and procurement of photography.
D. In addition, it goes without saying we are better equipped with
instrumentation that is readily available to use with the different
format configurations of photography currently in use.
NPIC is responsible for the analysis of photography for other CIA
components. In view of this established NPIC mission and in view of the
aforementioned statements the following recommendations are advanced for
your consideration:
A. In order to eliminate duplication of effort on the part of ORR and
NPI-!, NPIC analysts should be involved in the specific aerial photo scan
operations now being carried in ORR to determine the validity of collateral
or :reports dealing with new developments or changes. It is our hope that
some agreement or directive be issued to avoid such "by pass" actions in
the immediate future and that this NPIC responsibility be brought to the
attention of all other CIA elements involved in this type of film readout.
B. The need for more and better comaeudcations between analysts from
NPIC',! and other CIA components in supplying guidance in the preparation of
requirements and in maintaining closer liaison with the requestor through-
out the many phases of a requirement could lead to better understanding of
our facilities, capabilities, and willingness to provide photo interpretation
analyses and studies in their areas of interest. This would provide the
necessary preliminary and, in some cases, detailed studies now done in
part by these other CIA components under more difficult circumstances.
In doing so, valuable time would be saved on their part and we at NPIC
would in turn, be fulfilling our mission.
C. The use of photography as a "gimmick" or ready reference (such as
paper prints for notebooks, stereograms, enlargements, etc.), on the part
of many analysts in the community is ever increasing. This type of
material, according to some analysts, is very important to their operation
and may prove difficult to eliminate completely. If this be the case, and
if it is allowed to continue regardless of degree, the addition of a
separate unit in PID to fulfill these types of requirements should be
considered. This would relieve the now enormous drain on regular branch
functions and allow the highly skilled PI's to concentrate on detail
reports. Also separation as such would be more or less commensurate
with analysts grades.
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Project Number
Number of
argementa
Regu,estor
C 1158/62
8
ORR/D/MS
C 1153/62
21
,.
ORR/D/R
C 1152/62
2
ORR/D/R
C 1151/62
5
ORR/D/R
C 1150/62
8
ORR/D/R
c 1149/62
2
ORR/DIR
C 1128/62
2
ORR/D/R
C I124/62
5
ORR/D/R
C 1123162
5
ORR/D/R
C 1122/62
ORR/D/R
C 1078/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 1069/62
2
ORB/D/NHS
C 1068/62
2
ORR/DIMS
C 1067/62
2
ORR/D/MS
C 1066/62
3
ORR/D/R
C 1065/62
1
ORR/D/NS
c 1064/62
13
ORR/D/MS
c 1036/62
ORR/D/R
c 1035/62
2
ORR/D/R
C 1034/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 1033/62
9
ORR/D/R
C 1032/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 1031/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 1030/62
2
ORR/D/R
C 1029/62
0
ORR/D/R
C 1028/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 1027/62
12
ORR/D/R
C 1026/62
19
ORR/D/R
C 1025/62
11
ORR/D/R
C 1024/62
ORR/D/R
C 952/62
11
ORR/ D/R
C 951/62
8
ORR/D/R
C 950/62
10
ORR/D/R
C 949/62
10
ORR/D/R
C 948/62
ORR/D/R
C 947/62
ORB/D/R
C 945/62
9
ORR/D/R
C 944/62
13
ORR/D/R
C 943/62
ORR/D/R
C 934/62
6
ORR/D/R
C 933/62
7
ORR/D/R
c 932/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 931/62
2
ORR/D/R
C 930/62
2
ORB/D/R
C 915/62
ORR/D/MS
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ATTACHMENT A Cont.
Project Number
Number of Enla nts
Requestor
C 867/62
3
ORR/D/R
C 8.30/62
3
C 829/62
ORE/DIMS
C 827/62
4
ORR/D/MS
C 826/62
5
ORR/D/R
c 816/62
6
/
C 815/62
6
ORR
D/Ms
c 813/62
9
ORR/D/R
C 810/62
2
ORB/D/R
c 807/62
10
ORR/D/R
C 793/62
2
C 792/62
5
S
%D%M
C 791/62
14
ORR/D/R
C 693/62
33
ORR/D/M
C 638/62
ORR/D/R
C 637/62
15
ORR/D/R
C 636/62
22
ORR/D/R
C 633/62
1
ORR/D/M
C 630/62
C 629/62
1
ORR/D/M
C 627/62
2
ORE/ D/M
C 620/62
16
OFtR/D/M
C 589/62
ORR/D/M
C 565/62
RR
O
/
c 494/62
3
R
R
DD/MS
C 377/6'
34
ORR/D/R
C 359/62
8
ORR/D/M
C 358/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 279/62-
55
ORR/ D/R
C 278/62
6
ORR/D/Ms
C 277/62
4
ORR/D/R
Special Request
D/CH, ORR/D,/R
12
ORR/D/R
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Project Number
Number of Enlargements
Retuestor
C 18/63
ORR/D/R
C 17/63
3
ORR/D/R
c 16/63
3
ORR/D/R
C 15/63
ORR/D/R
C 14/63
ORB/D/R
C 13/63
11
ORR/D/R
C 1259/62
10
0RR/D/W
C 1246/62
ORR/D/R
C 1220/62
ORR/D/R
C 1218/62
3
ORR/D/R
C 1.217/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 1216/62
5
ORR/D/R
C 1214/62
4
ORR/D/R
C 1213/62
2
ORR/D/R
C 1212/62
4
ORR/D/R
C 1211/62
4
ORR/D/R
C 1210/62
3
ORE/D/R
C 1163/62
2
ORR/D/Imo
C 1148/62
1
ORR/D/R
C 1125/62
2
ORR/D/R
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DETAILED PROJECTS
Project Number
C 1003/62
C 1002/62
C 932/62
C 8.96/62
C 753/62
C 749/62
C 736/62
C 735/62
C 654/62
C 633/62
C 630/62
C 627/62
C 358/62
C 352/62
C 275/62
Subject
Jung-yang Aluminum Plant
Chang-Chun Motor Vehicle Plant
China Mining Activity
Fu-shun/Liao-ning Power Plant
Fu-shun Aluminum Plant
Wu-han Thermal Power Plant
Yen-liang Aircraft Plant
Nan-Chang Airframe Plant
Kun-ming/Yang-tsung Power Plant
Nan-chang Airfield & Aircraft Plant
Shen-Yang Airframe plant
Habbin Aircraft Plant
Poa-chi Thermal Power Plant
New Rail Construction, An-ring
New Rail Construction, Kun-wing
Requestor
ORR/D/R
ORR/D/IBS
ORR/D/R
ORR/D/R
ORR/D/R
ORR/D/R
ORR/D/M
ORR/D/M
ORR/D/R
ORR/D/M
ORR/D/M
ORR/D/M
ORR/D/R
ORR/D/MS
ORR/D/MS
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