THE GUARDIAN'S POLITICS OF MAOIST QUARRELING

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01601R001100120001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 14, 2000
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 12, 1972
• Content Type: NSPR

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11 11 11
aa :73
By Elm; BERT
In a letter to the Daily World
dated. November 14, Irwin Silber.
executive editor of the Guardian,
complained that two articles
which I wrote in the November 3
and 7 issues of the Daily World
constituted a "serious distortion"
of the Guardian's political posi-
tion.
These two articles commented
on the Guardian's November 1
"Reply to Critics" of its electoral
position. They made essentially
two points: first that the Guardian
editors were preaching abstention
frOm the election and second; that
this abstention policy tended to
isolate the anti-war struggle from
the electoral struggle.
.Silber ? said that this criticism
was wrong and Slanderous. He
spelled it out in the November 29
Guardian.
We had intended to answer his
November 14 rejoinder in detail.
This has however become moot
with the appearance of the No-
vember 29 article ? which is
actually a call for the formation
of ? a Thought-of-Mao-Tse-tung
Party in the United States.? ?
The Guardian believes, Silber
says in his Nov. 29 article, that
"unity of left forces around parti-
cular struggles ? particularly the
war is both possible and neces-
sary and possible." But Silber's
;pain contribution to "unity of left
-:forces around... the war" is a yen-
-omous, Maoist attack on the So-
viet Union.
Ile accuses the Soviet Union,
from the lofty platform of "ideolo-
gical" principle, of "abandon-
ment of the fundamental princi-
ples of Marxism-Leninism."
This is a poor disguise for an
attack on the country which has
given the most to the struggle of
the peoples of Vietnam, Laos,
and Cambodia. The Soviet Union
has contributed, and is contribut-
ing, the predominant share of
economic resources and military
means to the Vietnamese libera-
tion struggle.
In view of that central fact. Sil-
ber's talk of "ideological differ-
4, DE 1,372
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enees" is simply camouflage,
and .his avowal of support for
"unity of left forces around the
war" is fraudulent. -
Silber's attack on the Soviet
Union from the "left" has its own
logic. "Left" attacks on the So-
viet Union inevitably followed the
channels dug almost half a cen-
tury ago by Trotsky.
Silber opts in this case for the
Trotskyite channel, charging the
"abandonment.., of the funda-
mental principles of Marxism-
Leninism" to the "Sovet privi-
leged elite." -
That slander has been part of
the Trotskyite arsenal for dec-
ades. They patented it. It has been
a main ideological. ?weapon of
imperialism's anti-Sovietism.
It is a staple of the CIA's efforts
at subversion in the Soviet Union.
Thus, the "ultimate goal" of the
CIA's Radio Liberty broadcast
to the Soviet Union. the Library o
Congress RL study pointed out, is
the "democratization of Soviet
society," The CIA also propagates
the falsehood that there is a "pri-
vileged elite" in the Soviet Union
which should be uprooted.
The Communist Party of the
Soviet Union is one of the two
targets of the ideology of Mao
Tse-tung. The other is the Com-
munist parties in the rest of the
world, which the Maoists have
been attempting to disrupt from
within and destroy from without.
It is only natural that the Guardi-
an editors, having enlisted in
Mao's sapper brigade, should at-
tack the Communist Party of the
United States.
Here too, originality is not es-
sential -- the Trotskyites wrote
the formula long ago.
The Guardian levels two char-
ges against the Communist Party.
USA. The first is that it is "an
organization of left-leaning liber-
als with a vague yearning for so-
cialinm who are earnestly striving
for social reform." ;
? That clearly is not a true pic-
ture of tlu., Communist Party but
rather the Guardian's own pre-
Maoist constituency. The present
Guardian editors seem so embar?
rassed by this that they spit on the
paper's past ? "the time when the
Guardian was a cozy left-liberal :
(the word then was 'progressive')
weekly..." Ornithologically and
politically that is called befouling
. one's own nest.
The attack on. the Communist ;
Party USA as "liberal" is in fact
a confession that the Guardian I
ediors, afflicted by Maoism, :
have foresaken the legitimate, I
even revolutionary, attempt to ?
win middle-class and intellectual I
circles to the struggle against
monopoly capitalism, repression, I
and war.
Their attack on the .CPUSA is; I;
in part, an advertising gimmick
to launch the Guardian editors'
new party which will incorporate
"into its ideology the profound
contributions made. by Mao Tse-
tung." They announce that they
will attempt to foist Maoism on
"the American working class."
The second target of the Guard-
ian editors' attack is the CPUSA's
support of the Soviet Union. What -I
the Guardian editors attack as the
CPUSA's "permanent state of
apologia" for the Soviet Com-
munist Party is, in fact, the un-
swerving support by Communists
and revolutionary workers every- ;
where for the historic Soviet break-- I
through from capitalism to social-
ism, for its relentless struggle
against imperialism and reaction.
and for peace: throughout the .55
years since its birth.
Revolutionary workers look on
the Soviet Union as the foremost I.
protagonist of the world working
class, against imperialism. The
Guardian editors look on it. hate-
fully. through the petty-bourgeois.
nationalist-tinted glasses of Mao-
ism.
The working class and the left ;
did not really need. the Guardian
editors' assurance that the CP
will not and cannot undertake
(thei task" of budding an anti-
Soviet. Maoist party. We leave the
Guardian editors to quarrel with
other ultra-left elements over pre-
eminence in that task. ;
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20 SEP 1972
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By ERIK BEET
In- the last few years "dissid-
ent" Soviet authors have found a.
good market in the United States.
Their books are assured uni-
formly of favorable reviews, and
these conduce to larger sales.
Sales are helped along by a
good press which is provided by
the U.S. corps in Moscow. The
bureau reporters for the New
York Times, the Washington Post,
the Christian Science Monitor, as
well as visiting firemen, make
sure that every squeak, or snarl.
of a "dissident," every onion-skin
manifesto, is reported at length.
In the absence of a squeak or snarl
or manifesto, some enterprising
re-porter can be counted on to sug-
gest one.
This leads to other things,
among,. them to Radio Liberty
headquarters in Munich, West
Germany, whence the U.S. Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency broad-
casts anti-Soviet propaganda to the
Soviet Union.
The story of this broadcasting
is told in the Library of Congress
study of Radio Liberty, made pu-
blic earlier this year by , Senator
J. W. Fulbright, chairman of the
Senate Foreign Relations ,Com-
mittee.
/. The study was prepared by Jo-
seph G. Whalen, a CIA agent in
1951 and since then an employe
L2;a1StilGir9 cc) ic7.1 CM'
17 Po P
o nep-
1*? f p C LIP2ivr? p ty
s r q it
ber, 1970, Aleksandr Solzhe- ed - that literature was low on
nitsyn's "The First Circle," and the list of its concerns.
. in late 1971, Solzhenitsyn's "Aug-
Literary judgment has become a
ust 1914," in 62 parts. . matter of controversy on occasion
Solzhenitsyn's "First Circle" even within the CIA broadcasting
was read over Radio Liberty three fraternity.
-days a week over a five-month, The Library of Congress study
period, of the CIA's Radio Liberty oper-
One of the ?brightest lights in ations reports that an "incipient
the "dissident" firmament is An- ? issue began- to emerge in Octo-
drei Sakharov, Soviet. physicist, ber (1971) over the handling of
who burst on the. U.S. and inter- Solzhenitsyn's novel 'August 1914'."
national scene with publication "Some staff fin Munich?EM .
did not share the enthusiasm of
of his "Progress, Coexistence some Western observers over the
and Intellectual Freedom." high literary quality of this work.
Between August 5 and 13, 1971, At an informal discussion the
"Progress, Coexistence and In- issue arose in the form of a
tellectual Freedom" was broad- question as to how EL should
cast by Radio Liberty's North report these mixed views.
-Caucasian Service in the Russian, . ''Our group felt - that negative
Karachai.? Ossetian and Avar tan- observations should be reported;
guages, according to the Library another group . . . felt this
of Congress study. would be unfair to Solzhenitsyn."
The CIA and its broadcasting "Moreover,it was pointed out
technicians are not convinced that that it would be .counterprodue-
broadcasting "dissident" books five to 11L's purposes to report
in their entirety is the most ef- sharp criticism of Solzhenitzyn's
fective use that can be made of stature in the eyes of the Soviet
them. people..." ,
' This was discussed - last year With the publication of Sakha-
at a meeting of Radio Liberty's rov's book in the summer of 1968,
"Russian Service" in the Munich "the parameters of dissent ex-
-
headquarters. panded" and the "Movement en-
of the Library of Congress. He Robert Tuck, director of RL's tered a new phase." the Library
has made anti-Communism hi ? Program Operations Division, of Congress declares.
life's work. ? "suggested that books of this na- The reasons for the CIA's in-
"Dissident" books and their ture should be analyzed, discuss- terest in Sakharov's "freedom"
authors offer important possibili- ed and reviewed extensively in w
ties for exploitation by the CIA. broadcasts, rather than being cry are simple:
But books are, in the nature of read in toto." "The publication of criticisms
things, long in respect to broad- In the "dissident" market, lite- by Sakharov ... was the first pro-
casting technique. Nevertheless rary standards are _secondary to grammatic document that brought
the CIA has used them, political criteria, of course. Most into question some of the basic
?"
Since May 1969 Radio Liberty notorious in this area was the tenets of the Soviet system.
has broadcast, in "unpublished award of the Nobel prize for lit- The non-literary, anti-Soviet en-
Works of Soviet Authors," works erature last year to Solzhenitsyn. tenon, for judging 'dissident' lite-
by Marchenko, Bulgakov, Plata- His literary quality was not the rature has its quirks. Thus, Ar-
nov, Pasternak, Solzhenitsyn, and reason he was chosen. The sub-
thur Miller, playwright, writing
N. Ya-Mandelsh in the New York Times, Dec. 10,tam, according sequent anti-Soviet brush fire set -
to the Library of Congress study. by the U.S. press about Solzhe- 1971, complained:
During February 19-24, 1971; nitsyn's receiving the award show- "Solzhenitsyn's works never
brought charges against the cur-
Radio Liberty broadcast Andrei rent regime but only against that
Amalrik's "Will the Soviet Union of Sialin." ?
Survive until 19849"#n six_parts:
iron Epviegt or7gwRgse 2001/03/04: CIA-RDP80-01601R001100120001-9
Pasternak's "Doctor Zhivago," in
16 parts; from July to Decem-
bontinued
DAIL? IMP
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tA\
DAILY WORLD
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EFA.Y,014.1eWqlease 2003t043/194: CIA-RDP80-016
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:11(1j ciritll n 1,1 .7ff C:7'1' (
By Eau( BERT
/ "The efforts of the Central Intel- .4--.m(yeriN pri,) eicaffsTh fror,7r (Z1'. rj re) /60
cc
ligence Agency and other entre- ?::4 LiQ 00)
iVic
preneurs in anti-Soviet espionage
are reflected in a wide variety of ment or they don't count the same Shabad, that "a privileged class let Union. The attack is oblique
productions. The most recent way. . is living at the expense of the assaulting the CPSU by praisin
emission in the effort to suborn shabad quotes from his full- :workers and that a costly foreign- the actions of the Polish Unite
anti-socialist treason in the Soviet length copy: ".aid program is hurting . Soviet Workers Party, the Communi:
Union is far-off in right field, "The typewritten document,",.citizens." party of Poland.
Shabad says, -"charges that the Such charges "have been made This is an application of (Iipractically out of the ball park.
The New York Times carried on national wealth is being squander- by dissidents before," Shabad
s
3 ed both on a life of luxury among says.
the privileged and .on foreign aid ample, by Dr. Andrei D. Sakhar-
TheY
patch from Theodore JShabad
"were made for ex-
June 20- a lengthy Moscow dis-
about an "underground appeal for political purposes. ov, the physicist in the widely
circulating in Moscow" which . "It paints economic conditions circulated critique of Soviet pub-
"calls on Russians to strike and in dark terns, comparing them e_
y known as 'Progress, Coexist-
?- to demonstrate for better living with the greater affluence in the?ence and intellectual Freedom'."
West..."
. .
conditions, as the Poles success-
/ fully did in 1970." The document cites a rise in
The following day, Charlotte Soviet meat and butter prices 10
Saikowski, of the Christian Science years ago, to prove how miser-
Monitor, reported from Moscow able the workers' conditions are.
? on the same document. It adds that "over the last 10 years
The'document has a funny smell there have been. ..`concealed'
about it, Miss Saikowski says. price rises...through changes in
"Political observers arc some- product assortment, reductions in
what wary of this latest burst...
because the pamphlet is a curious
? blend of knowledge of the West on
the one hand and exaggeration and
sometimes. : inaccurate informa-
tion on the other."
That did not prevent her from
? presenting it in her first sentence
as genuine, or the Christian
Science Monitor from titling her
piece, "Soviet thumb fails to muf-
fle dissident voice." That's pretty
' strong for what is a particularly
inept product.
Somebody told both Shabad and
Miss Saikowski that as many as a
thousand copies were said to have
been distributed.
The "typewritten document,"
Shabad says, was "reportedly
stuffed into mail boxes of selected
apartment buildings earlier this
month."
(';opies of the statement "have
been available to Western news-
men," and by them, including
Sha'Jad and Miss Saikowski, to the
world.
The document exists in three
versions, according to Shabad, a
- "short version of 200 words, a
more detailed version of 600 words
and a full-length version of
1,200 words." -
' It's hard to know what's going
? on, for Miss Saikowski says the
document, which she calls ,a refrain from such stupidity,
4PPONea MPG VRAVA-i it pthytTmr ? -.IPIribmrf itlY6`t
"pamphlet", Janis "in its. Luilest
version (to)ch jass,ciipioilekpotiASovallii-A (1614 astieffifkkodist 1120001-9 . .
she and Shabad hay different The two basic changes in the darn and democracy."
versions of the complete docu- document are, according to The actual target however
It should be pointed out that the
dissemination of the Sakharov
document, "which reached the
West in 1968", was a project in
which both the New York Times
and the Central Intelligence
Agency participated.
' The Times published the docu-
ment in 1968, and republished it
quality and relabeling." twice, in book form.
This violates the CIA admoni-U The Sakharov work has been
(ion that subversion cannot
flourish on charges that r u n
counter to the experience of the
person addressed.
? Shabad faults the present docu-
ment on this count. ?
The docuMent makes "virtu-
ally no allowance for the improve-
ment in the living conditions of
the average citizen that has
been evident to casual observ-
ers in recent years," be says.
Miss Saikowski makes the same
point.
"There is...no...mention of
the noticeable improvement in
Soviet living standards in recent
years," she says.
In view of these obvious false-
hoods, it is a "moot question" to
her as to whether "the pamphlet
wont(' appeal to the ordinary Sov-
iet worker," to whom it s alleged-
ly addressed.
She cites also, as a very dubious
venture, the document's attempt
to put the Soviet '-'state capital-
ism" on a par with "Hitler's
socialism."
That "would certainly draw
the ire of .deeply patriotic, Soviet ?
citizens," she says.
The CIA has cautioned particu
laxly that Radio Liberty should
used . by the Central Intelligence
Agency, through Radio Liberty,
as one of the entrees on its menu
of anti-socialist broadcasting to
the Soviet Union.
The "dissidents" single. out
Soviet aid to North Vietnam, to
socialist Cuba, and to the Arab
nations for attack.
-These targets coincide with
those of II.S.imperialism, of the
Central Intelligence Agency and
the New York Times.
Shabad deduces from the fact
that the document is couched in
-what he calls "unusually blunt,
'aggressive language," that it is
"plainly directed at the average
workingtnan."
Whatever the intentions, the
document is an incredible product.
It violates all of the rules which
the Central Intelligence Agency
has set down for its Soviet-direct-
ed Radio Liberty broadcasts.
It talks of the "Kremlin rulers,"
in the jargon of Western "K rem-
linologists." It talks, also, of
"Kremlinites," a newly invented
epithet in "Kremlinology."
The document calls for strikes
nd demonstrations. The goals of
these struggles are depicted as
defense of socialism and the ad-
vance to Communism, "free-
technique of "cross reporting
which the CIA uses in its Itadi
Free Europe operations. .
"Cross reporting" means, i
practice, citing "good" action
of .one Communist Party or so(
ialist government, against th
Communist Party and sociali:
government of the country t
which the RP E broadcast i
directed.
The document resorts to anotl
er "Cross reporting" tactic use
by the CIA: contrasting the situt
tion in a socialist country wit
the situation in the capita hi:
West. However, the latest (loci
ment uses this tactic in such
way as to make even Shaba] an
Miss Saikowski blush for the it
credible stupidity of the authors.
The document says that th
"number of unemployed in th
West doe's not exceed 2 to 4 pei
cent of the labor force."
To maintain her own credibilit
Miss Saikowski points out, in raft
tation, that "unemployment i
the United States has exceede
six percent in recent months."
. Normally, the CIA is too sapi6
ticated to broadcast such thinL]
as the. 2-to-4-percent figure ove
Radio Liberty, for all the worl
knows that the miniMnin rate (
unemployment in the U.S. is 5.
percent, that the rate of Blac
unemployed is twice that of whit(
and that the rate of youth, an
especially of Black and Chican
youth unemployment is sever
times the average for all workers
It almost sounds as though sow
other gang were trying to tea
where CIA has tried to sow for s
long. Or, that this is a new CL
tactic, with its sights set on work
ens, in contrast to ,the "rational'
approach it has taken in its effort
to subvert intellectuals.
61,11
is
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Approved For Release 2001 601
STATINTL
:Letter to Fulbright ? ? --- ? - --, gressional committee to help, for one tbing.!...--- isn't this what you, too, are working for
In terms of contemporary.affairs and their The Iron Curtain of Churchill's time ma
1/'Radio *Liberty lean relations he must depend on word of appeared. The Cold War has been mitigate
bearing on future problems in Soviet-Amer- he shot full of holes but it has not di:
mouth underground publications and Radio 'but it is not ended. How many Russian
A Cold War'Relic?- 'Liberty. But you want to deprive him of come here as Fulbright fellows? How matt
Radio Liberty and deprive others like him Americans study in the Soviet Union?
in Eastern Europe of what they likewise I have been a long-time believer in Eas,
Sen. J. William Fulbright can learn of their own nations from Radio West ei ntacts, as you have. I cannot see th
Foreign Relations Committee , . Free Europe.
The Capitol, Washington :' course realize that you eve e logic of your wanting to end the contac
Of I t believe th
- provided by Radio Liberty and Radio Fre
DEAR BILL: . :bold War is over or at least is an anachro- Europe. They are not calling for revolutior
? .nism. But wishing does not make it true.
. I see by the papers that you are perse. we arc long since past John Foster Dullei
What ?Solzhenitsyn says to me is that be is
: wring in your efforts to sink Radio Free caught up in the Soviet Union in the inter-
"liberation." But they do provide contac
.Europe and Radio' Liberty on the grounds nal part of Moscow's own Cold War attitude. as Solzhenitsvn is my witness.
that they are "remnants of the Cold War." The worst phase of the American version Chalmers M. Roberts
What causes me to write you this open let-
of the Cold War was the period-of McCarthy--
ism and Solzhenitsyn seems to be fighting a
ter is Robert Kaiser's recent interview in,
Kremiln version of McCarthyism.
Moscow with Alexander I. Solzhenitsyn, the You may respond that what goes on inside
Nobel Prize winning Soviet writer. the Soviet Union is none of our business;
- I was intrigued, by this paragraph in .Kai- let Solzhenitsyn fight his own battles. He is:
doing that, of course, but why deny him.
sees account of the interview and I wonder the '
help of the American radio stations?.
if you spotted it: . Many . Americans are exercised about the
"lie criticized the Soviet 'press for its lack Soviet government's treatment of its Jews.
of fairness and completeness, and had a and of its many other minorities. This seems
good word for Radio Liberty, the station to me a valid .concern ?and the evidence is,
that the expressions of such concern, short
finaneed by the U.S. government which of the extremists .here who carry it to the
broadcasts in Russian from west Germany. point of violence, have had an effect on
'If we learn anything about events in our Soviet policies,
own country,' he said, 'it's from there.'" 'That does not seem to me to be a Cold
War exercise but rather a valid expression
There are a number of passages in the
of 'human concern kir mankind anywhere
partial text of the interview, as printed in
and everywhere. You object that such con-.
The Washington Post, that also should in-
cern has turned the United States into the
terest you. For instance, Solzhenitsyn said
world's policeman and led us into Vietnam,
that "you Westerners cannot inutgine my
the Dominican venture and so on. But isn't
situation." And; "No one dares to stand up
that because we failed to draw a sensible
and object to a party propagandist, because
line, that we crossed over from the mental
if he does, the next day he may lose his
to the physical form of activity?
-job and even his freedom." And: In gen-
eral, in our country we seem to bait people cs,?._1 ?
not with arguments, hut with the most prim- I DON'T HAVE much faith in the theory.
itlye labels, the coarsest names, and also that American and Soviet policies are mo'-
the simplest, designed, as they say, to arouse jug toward convergence. On the other hand,'
the fury of the masses." And, finally: "It I do think that what Moscow and Washing-
really never occurs to them [those directing ton do affects the other's actions, internally
the campaign against Solzhenitsyn] that a as well as externally, to some degree.
writer who thinks differently from the ma- There is a paragraph in the Solzhenitsyn
jority of society represents an asset to that interview that seems to express your own
society, and not a disgrace or a defect." philosophy:
"The study of Russian history, which has.
- now led me back to the end of the last.
THE DA'S,' this interview was printed you century, has shown me how valuablepeace-
were quoted as saying your committee in- ful outlets are for a country, and how im-
tends to have hearings covering "the critical portant it is that authority?no matter how
early period of the Cold War" in order to autocratic and unlimited?should listen, with
get at the origins of American involvement good will to society, and that society should
in the Vietnam war. A great deal of material assume the real position of power; how im-
is now on the public record and It can serve portant it would be to have righteousness,
-
a useful purpose to go hack and examine not strength and violence, guide the coon-
it with penspective. You may have noted try.,,
?..
that Solzhenitsyn also is trying to do some
'historical research, into Russian history, but
that he had been blocked from many docu-
ments and sources and that he complained
in .the interview that his defamers "refuse
to acknowledge the complexity and richness
of history in its diversity."
It seems to me, Bill, that you and he are
both trying to probe the origins of national
attitudes though from different perspectives
and th at/WWII/13d iftrancmuchReleaseci2001/03/04 : CIA-RDP80-01601 R001100120001 -9
-as the interview shows, it is easier .or
you to do than it is for him. He has no con-
Approved For Releagifi200110310214GOADP80-016
7 APR 1972
The Nobel crime
IN a stupid and heartless move, the So-
viet Union has refused an entry visa to
the permanent secretary of the Swedish
Ac a d emy, which awards the Nobel
Prize for Literature. :=
The terrible crime he was planning
was to present, at an informal cere-
mony in a private apartment in Mos-
cow, the medal and diploma of the 1970
prize to Alexander I. Solzhenitsyn, Rus-
sia's greatest living .writer.
Because his novels depict the horrors
of Stalin's prison camps, which he sur-
vived, and because he fearlessly speaks
out against the police-state aspects of
modern Soviet life, Mr. Solzhenitsyn is
anathema to the ruling Communist
party.
From anyone who values freedom,
Mr. Solzhenitsyn deserves respect bor-
dering on awe ? not only for the un-
compromising truth of his novels but
also for his personal comportment. At
considerable risk, he is filling the role
of Russia's conscience.
. Instead of behaving like an unperson
as an outcast should, Mr. Solzhenitsyn
this week called in two American news
correspondents.' He boldly complained
of harassment aimed at thwarting his
work on a series of historical novels.
He is barred from using public
archives and forbidden to hire research
assistants. Survivors of the revolution
are intimidated out of sharing their
memories with him. His friends are fol-
lowed and threatened, his mail opened.
STATI NTL
his louse bugged. His wife was fired
from her job to intensify financial pres-
sure on him.
*.. * *
IN t h e interview, Mr. Solzhenitsyn
made a remark of special relevance to
Americans. He criticized the Soviet
press,': lack of fairness and comPlete-
ness and praised Radio Liberty,. which
broadcasts7n? l'Vea Ger-
many,
"If we learn anything about events in
our own country," he said, "it's from
there."
Like Radio Free Europe, its sister
station that broadcasts to the Soviet sat-
ellites, Radio Liberty is supported by
the U.S. Government. Both stations are
the target of a relentless vendetta by
Chairman J. W. Fulbright of the Senate
Foreign Relations Committee and will
go off the air June 30 if he has his way.
Radio Liberty is one medium by
which the thoughts of Mr. Solzhenitsyn
and other dissident writers can reach
broad audiences in Russia. It also
serves as his insurance policy: The se-
cret police would drag him away in a
minute if they could be sure Radio Lib-
erty would not alert his admirers.
For brave men like Mr. Solzhenitsyn,
who risk all for a decent future for Rus-
sia, Radio Liberty is a candle holding
back the totalitarian night. Sen. Ful-
bright, for dubious reasons, wants to
snuff it out. He must not be permitted to
do so.
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ry,vi YORK TIME3
Approved For Release 201t1f0Ma419q1A-RDP80-01601R001
U.S. Envoy in Israel Given
Plea to -Save Radio Liberty
Special to The New York Times
TEL AVIV, March 20?Jew-
ish immigrants from the So-
viet. Union pleaded with the
United States today to contin-
ue Radio Liberty broadcasts to
countries of the. Soviet bloc.
A delegation of 10 called
upon Ambassador Walworth'
Barbour at the United States
Embassy. A spokesman for the
delegation, Abraham Shifrin,
gave the Ambassador a peti-
tion to the United States Sen-
ate, urging that it reject Sena-
torJ. W. Fulbright's proposal'
to cut off funds for the pro-
gram, which the Senator con-
siders an irrelevant holdover
from the cold war.
The petition called Radio
Liberty the "voice which gives
millions in Russia and other
countreis behind the Iron Cur-
tain the feeling they still be-
long to the human family."
Mikhail Barenbeim, a radio
engineer from Moscow, de-
scribing efforts made by Soviet
authorities to jam the trans-
missions, said it would be iron-
ic if the Senate did what the
Russians failed to do.
STAT] NTL
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CHICAGO TRILMH
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dio
BY FRANK STARR ?
[Washington Bureau Chief]
[Chicago Tribune Press Service]
WASHINGTON, Dec. 16?Ra-
dio Liberty, one of the chief
n o n -Communist sources of
news for Soviet citizens, may
have to start selling its trans-
mitters to meet appropriations
cuts enacted by Congress, a
source close to the operation
said today.
? The decision already has
been taken to liquidate some
Radio Liberty activities devel-
oped over a period of 20 years,
the source said, altho these ac-
tivities could not be identified
pending notice to affected em-
ployes.
Radio Free Europe, funded
With Radio Liberty and suffer-
ing the same budget cuts, will
be required to violate existing
labor contracts with the Amer-
ican Newspaper Guild by not
honoring negotiated three-year
raises, William Durkee, its
president, said.
End Funding by CIA
The funding crisis for the
two stations arose out of a
still -unresolved controversy
opened last January When Sen.
Clifford Case [R., NI J.] pro-
posed ending clandestine fund-
ing for the stations thru the
Central Intelligence Agency in
favor of direct government
funding.
While not objecting to public
funding, as opposed to CIA
funding, the Nixon administra-
tion sought to establish an in-
dependent nonprofit corpora-
tion to fund and administer the
radios so they would not be-
come official voices of the gov-
ernment.
After stormy hearings in
which Chairman J. William
Fulbright [D., Ark.] of the
Senate Foreign Relations Com-
mittee suggested killing both
overseas radio operations, the
Senate passed a bill calling for
studies of the operations and
one year's funding, of $33 mil-
lion thru the State Depart-
iberty Ear
Conferees Cut Funds
The House on Nov. 30
passed, 211 to 12, a bill provid-
ing $36 million thru the chair-
man of a proposed commission
on international radio broad-
casting which would study the
operations, make recommenda-
tions, and cease to exist in
1973.
However, compromise be-,
tween the two bills became
hung up in the confrontation
between Senate and House
leaderships over foreign aid
authorizations. Pending author-
ization, Senate-House conferees
Bit
Slash in Funds
gets about $19 million of the
$32 million for both stations
but which raises, in addition,
more than $3 million privately
each year, faces a less-urgent
situation but will be unable to
participate in annual salary
raise negotiations in West Ger-
many, Durkee said.
Audience of 31 Million
He added that
not provided in
Nyill have to start
erations.
if funds are
1973, it, too,
curtailing op-
Based "primarily in West
Germany, Radio Free Europe
on Dec. 9 slashed a supplemen- broadcasts in their own Ian-
tat appropriations bill, cutting guages to Poland, Czechoslova-
the radio funds to $32 million. kia, Hungary, Bulgaria, and
Even if a continuing resolu- Romania on an average of 15
tion is passed before the cur- hours a day from 32 transmit-
rent session closes, it must al- ters. It counts an estimated
low only $32 million for both audience of 31 million people.
stations, three-quarters of
Both stations seek to main-
whose expenditures are for
tam n a semblance of independ--
personnel living in Europe.
ence of the United States gov-
Thus both are facing in addi-
ernment so, unlike the Voice
tion to sharp budget cuts, high-
of America, they can be free
er operating costs due to re-
to broadcast commentary and
duction in the value of the dol-
other material on internal af-
lar abroad.
fairs of the Communist coun-
' On Air 24 Hours Daily tries.
Radio Liberty broadcasts 24
hours a day in 20 Soviet lan-
guages to the Soyiet Union and
is, in the current crisis; the
only non-Communist source of
news of the Indian-Pakistani
war for the large Soviet Mos-
lem population of Central Asia..
Of eight transmitters in West
Germany, six in Spain, and
three on Taiwan, all but one or
two may have to be sold,
sources said, which would
mean loss of frequencies, air
time, and geographical cover-
age.
Radio Free. Europe, which
meat.
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Approved For Release 2001/0W?161/W3P80-016
13 SEP 1971
ROdio Liberty Reporting
To Soviet on Khrushchev
? Starting at 9:20 A.M. yes-
terday, Jtadio Liberty began
reporting to the people of the
Soviet Union news of Nikita
'S. Khrushchev's- death from
Its transmitters in Munich,
?West Germany, and the Costa
Brava in Spain:
The American-financed sta-
tion carried a 30-minute doc-
umentary featuring Mr.
Kruslichev's own voice in
speeches that he Made from
? 1953 to 1964.
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'
(
. . ? ? el.-:asTIA.-rx s:::-.-i:-.1_,.. -1,K)3i1Toli . .
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' '0
I in'," irYI
Lid1 Li
.0 rcii * 71.0
, ?ro
'diIL.,
By Robert P. Hey
?
Staff correspondent of ?
The Christian Science Monitor
,
_ ? ? - .Washington
again, charges of Central Intelli-
gence Agency ?influence on U.S. foreign
policy are reverberating through Congress.
Sen. Clifford P. Case charges that Radio
-Free Europe and Radio Liberty actually are
financed?clandestinely?by the CIA, to the
lune of more than $20 million annually. -
The New Jersey Republican alleges "sev-
eral hundred million dollars in United States
Governmnt fund's" have been given these
Stations over the past 20 years without con-
gressional approval or even knowledge.
In New York, Bernard Yarow, senior vice-
president of Radio Free Europe, says his or-,
ganization's reaction to the charges is: "No
comment."
Support suppot3ecilv private -
?
Both stations beam information to Corn-
mimist-controlled nations in Eastern Eu-
rope. They have stoutly. maintained for
years that they were financed through pri-
vate contributions.
'Senator Case, the New. Jersey Republi-
can, thinks it is high time all this was
brought out into the open. He has intro-
duced .legislation to have the finances of
-'both stations provided, openly, through the
same authorization-and-appropriation pro-
cess through which Congress controls the
budgets of most governmental agencies.
These .changes strengthen one present
trend the increasing insistence of Con-
gress--particularly the Senate--on exert-
ing influence upon the direction of United
eStates foreign policy. -
?
But all this also seems like a page out
- of the recent past. In 1967 it was disclosed.
that the CIA was funding what had been
, presumed to be an organization of stu-
dents without. government links, the Na-
tional .Student Association. The uproar at
that time was thunderous over clandestine
government penetration of student organi-
zations, with all the implications of poten-
tial infringement on academic freedom.
Earlier report .quate:(1 ? ?
(Cif e69,
? .
? q -1-1 0 .
f t
T1in((3.(fr). I
nation's educational or voluntary organiza-
tions,'' and that "no 'programs currently
would justify any exception to this policy."
Sources close to, Senator Case say he is
not trying to close down Radio Free Europe,
but merely to bring into the open the gov-
ernment's relationship to
The view here is: that the CIA for 20 years
has remained the financier of Radio Free
Europe, in the Case charge, due to bureau-
cratic inertia. "It's the v,-hole question of
how does the government change," in the
words of one source. No one here suggests
there is any Machiavellian 'plot, behind the
CIA finanoing, at least, not at present..
The Case bill is expected to be referred to
the Senate Foeeign Relations Committee,
chaired by Sen. J. Fulbright (D) of Arkan-
sas, where it is assured a sympathetic hear-.
ing. Senator Case is a. member of that com-
mittee. ? .
STATI NTL
Senator Case now quotes, with consider-
able irony, a recominonda?ion made by a
.pregidential committee which inve:Aigated
that CIA funding.
. It recomnw 'c.- felexal. a rioncv
gle4eAsg. 2001/03/04 : CIA-RDP80-01601R001100120001-9
shall provicT? .
support, direct or, indirect, to 'any of the
iL ICIE:3: Y1;23
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,
BENJAIVIIN WELI.ES
. special to Tilt New Yor'x Times
WASHINGTON, Jan. 23
SenatorClifford P. Case, Re-
publican of New Jersey, charged
today that the Central IntaTi.-
gence Agency had spent several
hundred Million dollars over the
last 20 years to keep Radio Free
Europe 'and Radio Liberty func-
tioning.
7. Mr. Case, a member of the
Appropriations and Foreign Re-
lations Committees, said that
he would introduce legislation
Monday to bring Government
:Spending on the two stations
'under the authorization and ap-
propriations, proc?7,s of Con-
-gross. Representative Ogden R.
Reid, Republican of 'Westches-
ter, said today that he would
intro:Ince similar loDslation in
the House. ?
.Radio Free Europe, founded
in 1950, and Radio Liberty.
formed a year later, both have
powerful transmitters in Mun-
ich, West Germany, staffed by
several. , thousand American
technicians and refugees from
FRS tern Europe.
Radio Liberty broadcasts
only into the Soviet Union, Re-
. dio Free Europe to other East-
ern European countries except
'Yugoslavia. ?
Both organizations have of-
fices in New York aod. purport
to be privately el:idowed with
funds coming exclusively from
-foundations, corporations and
the public. Roth, however, are
extremely reticent about the de-
tails.of their financing.
= Senator Case noted in a
'statement that both Radio Free
,Europe and Radio Liberty
."clairn to be nongovernmental
-
organizations sponsored by
private contributions." How-
ever, be went on, "available
sources indicate direct C.I.A.
subsidies pay nearly all their
The ; Senator said that the
Central Intelligence Agency
provided the stations with $30-
'million in the last fiscal year
without formal Congressional
approval.
Disclosures Restricted
Unde41636 rad *cio
ma
Agency's lorer-allVetuler:
activities?such as covert fund-
in are approved by the
,Nafional Security Council. How-
lever, disclosure to Congress is
limited to a handful of senior
'legislators on watchdog com-
mittees of each house.
The Central Intelligence
.Agency and Radio Free Eurepe
both declined to comment to-
day 'on- Senator Case's state-
ment. Efforts to elicit comment
from Radio Liberty were un-.
Covert C.I.A. funding or the
two stations has, however,
been an open secret for yearsr
although the C.I.A., in accord-
ance with standing policy, and
tho two stations themselves
have consistently refused to
discuss either their operations
or their funding.
-- Citing returns filed with the
'Internal Revenue Service in the
1969 fiscal year, Mr. Case said
that the stations' combined
operating costs that year to-
taled $33,991,336. Of this, hs
said, Radio Free Europe spent
$21,109,935 and Radio Liberty
$12,887,401.
Funds Sought by Advertisement
"The bulk of Radio Free Eu-
rope's and Radio Liberty's
budgets, or more than $30-mill-
ion annually, conies from direct
C.I.A. subsidies," Mr. Case
charged. 'Congress has never
participated in authorization of
appropriations of funds to
R.F.E. or ILL., although bun-
drdes of millions of dollars in
,Government funds have been
!spent durirng the last 20 years."
Mr. Case pointed out that
'Radio Frree Europe conducted
a yearly campaign for public
contributions under the auspices
of the Advertising Connell, Be-
tween $12-million and $20-mill-
ion in free media space is., do-
nated annually to this cam-
paign, he said, but the rreturn
from the public is "apparently
less than $100,000."
Furthermore, he said, both
stations attempt to raise money
from corporations and founda-
tions but con?teibutions from
, these sources reportedly pay
only *a small part of the sta-
tions' total budgets.
Senator Case said that his
proposed legislation would seek
to amend the United States In-
formation and Educational Ex-
change Act of 1913 to author-
ize funds for both stations in
the fiscal year beginning next
July 1. His proposal would call
for an initial sum of 830-mil-
lion, hut he said that the sum'
(61DeWi'e
? Bar on Other Funcli .!'llt'ey-Solved all the- tough'
At the same time, Mr. Case ones," one source said, "but
said, his proposal, would- pro- they were tinder_ such pressure'
vide that "no other" United, from Johnson to get their re.
States Government _funds' coald
port out and get the heat from
be made available to either srta- Congress and the public cut off
tion except under the provia!that they didn't solve the fund-
sions of the act. Ha also saidhig of the stations. They turned ?
that he would ask that Admin-
istration. officials concerned
with overseas information poli-
cies be called to testify in order
to determine the amountaneed-
ed for the stations' operations.
"I can understand why co-
vert funds might have been
used for a year or two in an
emergency situation when ex-
treme secrecy was necessary
and when no other Golaornment
funds were available," Mr. Case
said.
But, he went on, the justifi-
cation for Covert funding has
lessened over the years as in-
ternational tension has eased,
as the secrecy surrounding the
stations has 'melted away," and
as more open means of funding
could be developed.
"In other words," he said,
"the extraordinary circums tan-
ccs that - might have been
thought. to justify circumven-.
lion of constitutional processes
and Congressional approval no
longer exist."
John Created XXX
Mr. Case pointed out that in
1967. after there had been pub-
lie. . _
disclosure that the C.I.A.
had been secretly funding the
'National Student Association,
President Johnson created a
committee that was headed by
Nicholas de B. Katzenbach, the
Under Secretary of State, and
that included Richard Helms,
head of the C.I.A., and :Wm W. ,
Gardner, the Secretary - of
Health, Education and Welfare.
He further noted that on
March 29, 1957, Mr. -Jo-hnsonu
publicly accepted the com-
mittee's recommendation that
"no Federal agency shall pro-
vide, covert financial assistance
or support, direct or indirect,
to any of the nation's educa-
tional or voluntary organiza-,
tions" and that "no programs
currently would justify any
exceptions to this policy."
People familiar with the op-
ei:ations of Radio Free Europe
and Radio Liberty ,noted that
both hhd -been started at the
peak of the Cold War and had
st "gone rolling on" ever,
?Retinar416011R0011-00120001-9
mittee, some sources said, b ad
cut ? Off covert funding from
virtually all other recipients.
it over to another committee."
The second committee, whose
members these sources declined
to identify, worked over a year ?
and then turned in secret
recommendations to Mr. John-
son. However, Mr. Johnson
pigeonholed the recommenda-
tiona and finally left the
problent for . the - incoming
Nixon Administration to solve,
the scources said. ?
STATI NTL
r;IINGTC/F: 1-)).ST.
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1R1 . L.A.,,... ..L J. . . .,
f' recrill iil ?114-'10) fee it kuult copAL,
....
,
? Sen. Clifford P. Case (It-
N.J.) announced yesterday
that be will intxoduce
legisla-
tion Monday to bring Radio
Free. Europe and. Radio Lib- .
erty under congressional scru-
tiny by substituting direct ap-
propriations for secret fund-
ing of the two organizations.
The bill would provide an
Initial $30 million grant to the
two stations, nominally run by
_private groups but widely
known to be principally bank-
rolled by the Central Intelli-
gence Agency. Case said his
bill, Which would amend the
U.S., Information and Echica-
Ilona]. Exchange Act of 10,18,
would prohibit the use of any
other government funds for
the two stations.
. CLIFFORD CASE
'During the last 20 years," sponsors JUT reform
Case said, "several hundred
million dollars in U.S. govern-
ment funds have been ex-Illadio Liberty attempt to raise
pended from secret CIA budg- I funds from corporations and
ets to pay almost totally foundations, Case said,hut the..
the costs of these two .rach-O) hulk of their operating budg-
ets. come from direct CIA sub-
stations broadcasting in East
sidles although the "justifica-
ern Europe." He added: Hon for covert funding has
? .'"In the last fiscal year
alone, over $30,000,000 lessened over the years."
Provided by CIA as a dii eat
gdvernment subsidy; yet at nol
time was Congress asked or-
permitted to carry out its ti-a-
. ditional constitutional role. ofl
'approving the expenditure."
Toth Radio Free Europe and
STATI NTL
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YIASIIINCTON STAR
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I
0 El
rt? n
tic k 0.) r
? .
" , ,
,-5710ter-) d
By GEORGE SHERMAN
. ? . ? Star Staff Writer
?
Sen. Clifford P. Case, R-N.J., ,will present legislation tomor-
low to end what he claims are secretmultimillion dollar subsidies
:Oven by the Central Intelligence Agency to private American
-radio Stations broadcasting to Communist Europe.
According to a statement issued yesterday, Case charges that
last fiscal year alone the CIA gave "over $30 million' to Radio
l.Free Europe and Radio Liberty '
.The New Jersey Republican
'-'as direct government subsidy." said he would ask that adminis-
Both supposedly are non- tration officials be called to Los-
governmental anti-Communist Lily before Congress on the
stations. Poth are based in
needs of Radio Free, Europe
Munich, Germany. and Radio Liberty. ?
"During the last 20 years se- He noted that in 1967, after
oral hundred minim dollars in disclosures that the CIA was
United States Government funds providing, funds for the National
have been expended from secret Student Association, President
CIA budgets to pay almost total- Johnson accepted a recommen-
ly for the costs of .these two dation that "no federal agency
radio stations broadcasting to shall provide covert financial as-
EaStern Europe." Case charged. sistance or support, direct or
Substitute Funding Sought l indirect, to any of_tho_nation's
? ?
Case, a member. of both the educational or voluntary ergani-
.
Senate Foreign Relations and zations."?
Appropriations committees, said .
i
he will present legi.slation to T hat recommendaton, which.
bring the two stations under the added that "no progcams cur-
authorization and appropriation rently would justify any excep-
process of Congress. Hp will call
tenatively for a $30 million au-
thorization, he said, under the
amended U.S. Information and
Educational Exchange Act of
1918.
- Rep. Ogden R. Reid,
will introduce similiar legisla-
tion in the House, Case said.
In developing his case, Case
said that income tax returns
-showed that the combined oper-
ating costs of the two stations in
fiscal 1969 were nearly $34 mil-
lion ($21,109,935 for Radio Free
Europe and $12,337,401 for Radio
Liberty).
tion to this policy," was Made
by John Gardner, then secretary
of' ? Health, Education and Wel-
fare, Richard Nelms, director of
CIA,. and Nicholas Katzenbach,
then undersecretary of State.'
"The extraordinary eiremn,
stances that might have been
thought to justify circumven-
tion of constitutional processes"
in an -"emergency situation"
years ago, said Case, "no longer
exist."
Evidence Cited .
Sources close to Case say 'evi-
dence exists to prove that the
Of that amount, he charged, two stations are really adjuncts
$30 million came from the CIA. of the U.S. government. They'
Less than $100,000 came from that Radio Free Europe and
public, through a free a saydver- Raoio Liberty receive classified
Using campaign by the A.dvertis- documents from the American
ing Council on the media in this
country, and a "small part" consulate- general in Munich for
.?
more came from private corpo-
use in their broadcasts.
rations and foundations, Case Furthermore, the sources say,
said. - . Radio Free Europe sends mcs-i
s?ages to Washington p.resura-
? ?
Easing of Tension Notc.,d ably to the CIA ? using the
secret coding system of the con- -
sulate general ?
-
Case charged that any possi-
ble justification for this "covert
funding" has lessened over the Observers here said Case
t
' years with the easing of interim- merely
is bringing out into the,
tial tensions. . . . ? .. open a situation known in offi-
' ci.al cu?cles for years. .
j
:STATINTL
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